UNIT 6 Nurturing nature-【正禾一本通】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修1同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（外研版）

本讲义聚焦高中英语“自然探索与保护”主题，核心知识点涵盖阅读策略（主旨匹配、细节理解）、语法（现在完成进行时的构成与用法）、写作（招聘广告的结构与表达），以及重点词汇（如claim, concern）和句型（如“疑问词+不定式”作主语）。知识点脉络从阅读输入（分析语篇结构）到语法内化（现在完成进行时练习）再到写作输出（撰写招聘广告），形成完整语言学习支架。 该资料以真实环保情境（青藏铁路、大堡礁保护）为载体，通过任务型活动（段落匹配、细节题分析）培养思维品质，结合分层练习（课后分层练）提升学习能力。课中互动讨论（如环保重要性辩论）增强语言能力，课后词汇语法练习助力查漏补缺，兼顾文化意识与环保责任感培养。

Last weekend, our school organized a nature exploration and protection activity, and I, Xiaohe, was excited to be part of it.We set off steadily towards the nature reserve via a long­distance bus. As soon as we arrived, the massive forest and the delicate wildflowers in the meadow caught my eye.The splendid scenery of green trees and colorful blossoms brought the whole place to life. Some students wandered around at their leisure, observing the various plants and animals. We worked on different tasks.Some students were advertising the importance of protecting nature.Others were checking if any human activities were disturbing the ecosystem. During the activity, we became aware that the forest was under threat.Protecting the environment is among the top concerns.We are all in favour of taking immediate action to protect nature from further damage.What's more, we highlighted the importance of living in harmony with nature to avoid using up natural resources. When the activity ended, a strong sense of pride and achievement filled my heart.I hope more people will join us in protecting our precious nature. Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas Step One　Lead­in What challenges do you think the builders might have faced during the construction of the Qinghai­Xizang Railway? Firstly, the harsh natural environment such as the thin air, changeable weather made it difficult for the workers to stay healthy.Secondly, protecting the delicate ecosystem was among the top concerns.And thirdly, the complex geological conditions added great difficulties to the engineering work. Step Two　Read for the main idea Match the main idea with each section. Section 1 (Para.1) A．Realization of nature threats and hope for its protection. Section 2 (Paras.2－3) B．The exploration activities and tasks in the nature reserve. Section 3 (Paras.4－5) C．Sense of achievement after the activity and hope for nature protection. Section 4 (Paras.6－7) D．The author's disbelief and excitement before the Qinghai­Xizang Railway journey. 答案：Section 1—D　Section 2—B　Section 3—A　Section—C Step Three　Read for details Ⅰ.Read Section 1 (Para.1) carefully and do the following exercises. 1．Why can't the author believe he's about to travel along the Qinghai­Xizang Railway? Because many foreign experts claimed it was “impossible” to build this railway. 2．What song was playing in the author's head during the journey? And what did the lyrics describe? The song “Sky Railway” was playing.The lyrics “railways like massive dragons are winding among the mountains” described the appearance of the railway across the “roof of the world”． Ⅱ.Read Section 2 (Paras.2－3) carefully and do the following exercises. 1．What was one of the main concerns during the construction of the Qinghai­Xizang Railway? A．How to build long bridges over permafrost. B．How to protect the delicate ecosystem. C．How to make the train run faster. D．How to build more railway stations. 2．Why were thirty three passages built under the railway? A．To let the trains pass through easily. B．To make the bridge look more beautiful. C．To allow the animals to move freely. D．To reduce the cost of construction. 答案：1.B　2.C Ⅲ.Read Section 3 (Paras.4－5) carefully and do the following exercises. 1．What measure was taken to protect the environment during the construction of the Qinghai­Xizang Railway? A．Relocating animals to protected areas. B．Planting trees along the railway tracks. C．Using special materials for the railway bed. D．Building 675 bridges over wetlands and grasslands. 2．Which of the following challenges did railway workers face at Tanggula Station? A．Extreme heat and humidity. B．Thin air, changeable weather and high UV radiation. C．Heavy snowfall and icy conditions. D．Frequent earthquakes and geological instability. 答案：1.D　2.B Ⅳ.Read Section 4 (Paras.6－7) carefully and do the following exercises. 1．What was the author's main feeling when the activity ended? A．Disappointed with the limited results. B．Worried about future environmental work. C．Tired from the long­day exploration. D．Proud with a strong sense of achievement. 2．What does the author hope for in the future? A．More people will participate in nature protection. B．People will focus more on economic development. C．More students will join the school clubs. D．The government will make stricter laws on logging. 答案：1.D　2.A Step Four　Consolidation Discuss the following question with your partners and present your answer to the class. What do you think are the most important reasons for environmental protection? Your presentation： On one hand, protecting the environment ensures the survival and well­being of countless species.On the other hand, a healthy environment is the foundation of sustainable development.By protecting the wetlands and grasslands along the railway, we preserve the ecological balance, which is crucial for agriculture, water resources, and climate regulation. ◎ The Sky Railway [1]Sitting back in my seat, I can't quite believe that I'm about to①travel along the railway [2]that many foreign experts claimed was “impossible”．The train has been racing along steadily② since it left Xining.All this time, the song “Sky Railway” has been playing inside my head.The words “railways like massive③ dragons are winding among the mountains” seem particularly vivid④ as I travel across the “roof of the world”． [1]Sitting back...为现在分词短语作伴随状语。 [2]that引导定语从句，修饰先行词railway。 I was one of the people [3]who came from all parts of China to work on this railway．[4]Taking years to complete, the Qinghai­Xizang Railway is a record of all of our efforts to overcome the most difficult engineering challenges⑤.[5]How to protect the delicate⑥ ecosystem was among the top concerns⑦. [3]who引导定语从句，修饰先行词people。 [4]Taking years...为现在分词短语作状语。 [5]“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构作主语。 The first landmark⑧ [6]to catch my eye⑨ is the splendid⑩ Qingshuihe Bridge, the world's longest bridge [7]built over permafrost⑪．Look! A group of Tibetan⑫ antelopes⑬ is moving under the bridge, with some stopping to eat grass at their leisure⑭.Thirty­three passages⑮ have been built under the railway [8]to allow the animals to move safely and freely in their natural habitat.Wild animals such as these Tibetan antelopes have now been using these passages for years.They seem totally unaware⑯ that we are speeding past at over 100 kilometres an hour. [6]to catch my eye为动词不定式短语作后置定语，修饰landmark。 [7]built over...为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰bridge。 [8]to allow...为动词不定式短语作目的状语。 [9]To prevent damage to wetlands⑰ and grasslands⑱， 675 bridges with a total length of about 160 kilometres were built between Golmud and Lhasa.We even moved 140，000 square metres of wetland to a new area in order to protect its distinct⑲ ecosystem⑳. [9]To prevent damage...为动词不定式短语作目的状语。 The journey has been flying by㉑, and before I know it, we have reached Tanggula Station.[10]Located at over 5，000 metres above sea level, this is the highest railway station in the world.In locations such as this, [11]the thin air, changeable weather and high levels of UV radiation㉒ presented perhaps the greatest challenge for railway workers.[12]To make sure we stayed healthy, several oxygen­making stations were constructed㉓.We were also able to enjoy regular breaks in lower areas. [10]Located at...为过去分词短语作状语。 [11]the thin air, changeable weather和high levels of UV radiation为并列主语。 [12]To make sure...为动词不定式短语作目的状语。 [13]As we pass Cuona Lake, I feel a sense of pride and achievement.[14]Using thousands and thousands of㉔ sandbags, we built a twenty­kilometre wall along the lake to protect it from㉕ construction waste.Cuona Lake is [15]so close to the railway that I want to reach out and touch its pale blue mirror­like㉖ surface．Water birds playing in the lake, and cattle and sheep wandering㉗ the grasslands bring the scenery㉘ to life㉙. [13]As引导时间状语从句，意为“当 ……的时候”。 [14]Using thousands...为现在分词短语作状语。 [15]so...that...引导结果状语从句。 The Qinghai­Tibet Plateau㉚ has been attracting people's admiration for centuries.Now, thanks to㉛ our efforts, passengers from all over the country have been enjoying these magical landscapes㉜.I am proud that we built our “impossible” railway, and did so with the care that the environment deservesB33.It truly is an extraordinaryB34 “Sky Railway”． ①be about to 即将；刚要；正打算 ②steadily adv.平稳地 ③massive adj.巨大的 ④vivid adj.生动的；逼真的 ⑤overcome the challenges克服挑战 ⑥delicate adj.脆弱的 ⑦among the top concerns 最关心的问题之一 ⑧landmark n．地标 ⑨catch one's eye 引起某人的注意 ⑩splendid adj.壮丽的 ⑪permafrost n．永久冻土层 ⑫Tibetan adj.西藏的 ⑬antelope n．羚羊 ⑭leisure n．空闲，闲暇 at one's leisure 空闲时 ⑮passage n．通道；走廊；通路 ⑯unaware adj.不知道的，无意识的；未察觉到的 ⑰wetland n．湿地 ⑱grassland n．草原 ⑲distinct adj.独特的；明显的 ⑳ecosystem n．生态系统 ㉑fly by 飞逝 ㉒radiation n．辐射 ㉓construct v．建造，修建 ㉔thousands and thousands of 成千上万的 ㉕protect...from... 保护 ……免受 …… ㉖mirror­like adj.如镜面般的 ㉗wander v．徘徊 ㉘scenery n．风景，景色 ㉙bring...to life 使 ……更生动；使 ……苏醒过来 ㉚plateau n．高原 ㉛thanks to 幸亏；由于；因为 ㉜landscape n．风景，景色；风景画，山水画 ㉝deserve v．应受，应得 ㉞extraordinary adj.非凡的；特别的 ◎ 天　路 靠坐在火车的座位上，我完全不敢相信，我将要沿着许多外国专家声称“不可能建成”的铁路开始一段旅程。火车从西宁出发，向前平稳行驶。一路上，我的脑海中不断回响起《天路》这首歌曲。当火车驶过“世界屋脊”时，“一条条巨龙翻山越岭”的歌词变得更加生动鲜活起来。 修建青藏铁路的工人来自全国各地，而我就是其中之一。它历时数年建成，凝聚着我们攻克种种工程难题的全部心血。其中，如何保护脆弱的生态系统是需要我们高度重视的问题之一。 最先映入眼帘的地标性建筑是壮观的清水河大桥，它是世界上最长的高原冻土铁路桥。看！一群藏羚羊正从桥下走过，有的则停下来悠闲地吃草。铁路桥下修建了33条野生动物通道，让动物得以在自然栖息地中安全自由地通行。就像现在的这群藏羚羊一样，野生动物们使用这些通道已有数年，它们似乎完全没有意识到我们正以每小时100多千米的速度呼啸而过。 为了避免破坏湿地和草原，我们在格尔木和拉萨之间建造了675座大桥，总长度约160千米。我们甚至将一块14万平方米的湿地迁往一个新的区域，以保护其独特的生态系统。 火车一路疾驰，还没等我反应过来，就已经到达了唐古拉车站。它位于海拔5 000多米的地方，是世界上海拔最高的火车站。在这样的高海拔环境中，氧气稀薄，天气多变，还有强烈的紫外线辐射，这些恐怕是我们铁路工人面临的最大挑战。因此建造了多个制氧站以确保工人的身体健康，我们还会定期到低海拔地区休整。 火车经过措那湖时，一股自豪感和成就感在我心中油然而生。当年，沿着措那湖边，我们用成千上万个沙袋筑起了一道二十千米的保护墙，使它免受建筑废料的污染。现在，措那湖离火车这么近，我好想伸出手去摸一摸它那镜面似的浅蓝色湖面。在湖面上嬉戏的水鸟，在草原上游荡的牛羊，让这片风景生机盎然。 几个世纪以来，青藏高原是无数人向往的地方。如今，由于我们的付出，来自全国各地的旅客都能亲眼观赏到这片神奇的土地。我们建成了一条“不可能建成”的铁路，并且给予当地环境充分的保护，我为此感到骄傲和自豪。青藏铁路真是一条了不起的“天路”。 claim v．& n．声称，断言，主张；认领，索取；夺去生命 【教材原句】　Sitting back in my seat, I can't quite believe that I'm about to travel along the railway that many foreign experts claimed was “impossible”． 靠坐在火车的座位上，我完全不敢相信，我将要沿着许多外国专家声称“不可能建成”的铁路开始一段旅程。 【用法归纳】 (1)claim sth. 宣称某事；认领某物 claim one's life 夺去某人的生命 claim to do sth. 声称要去做某事 claim to have done sth. 声称做过某事 claim/It is claimed that... 宣称 ……；据说 …… (2)make a claim for... 提出对 ……的要求/索赔 have a claim on sth. 对 ……有所有权 【佳句必背】　Our school's annual science exhibition is just around the corner! We claim that it will be an eye­opening experience for you.(应用文之邀请信) 我校一年一度的科学展览即将拉开帷幕！我们保证，这将是一次让你大开眼界的体验。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①After receiving the damaged goods, the customer immediately made a claim for a replacement. ②Every living creature in the nature reserve has a claim on its natural habitat, and we should respect this. 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ③我们的班长声称已经为即将到来的英语演讲比赛做好了充分的准备。 Our monitor claimed to have prepared well for the upcoming English speech contest. ④据说一位著名的英语学习专家要来给我们做讲座。 It is claimed that a famous expert on English learning will come to deliver a lecture to us. ⑤你应该明确自己的学习目标，并清楚地写下来。这样，你就一直有一个奋斗的方向。 You should claim your own learning goals and write them down clearly.This way, you'll always have a direction to strive for. concern n．担心；忧虑；关心；(利害)关系 vt.涉及；与 ……有关；让 ……担忧(联想：concerning prep.关于；涉及→concerned adj.担心的；关注的) 【教材原句】　How to protect the delicate ecosystem was among the top concerns. 其中， 如何保护脆弱的生态系统是需要我们高度重视的问题之一。 【用法归纳】 (1)show/express concern about/for 对 ……表示关心 (2)be concerned about/for 担心/关心 …… be concerned with 与 ……有关 as far as...be concerned 就 ……而言 【佳句必背】　①(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷) Some of the things that Tang was writing about were also Shakespeare's concerns. 汤显祖笔下的一些内容，同样也是莎士比亚所关注的。 ②As far as I'm concerned, the English club should provide a platform for us to improve our English skills in a relaxing and enjoyable environment.(应用文之建议信) 在我看来，英语俱乐部应该为我们提供一个平台，让我们在轻松愉悦的环境中提升英语技能。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①This research project is mainly concerned with finding new solutions to environmental pollution. ②The teachers have been busy making all the necessary arrangements concerning (concern) the upcoming school picnic. ③I really want to express my gratitude to my teacher.Whenever I faced difficulties in my studies，she always showed concern about/for me. 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④(应用文之介绍信)得知你对我校的英语校本课程很感兴趣，我向你简要介绍一下。 Learning that you're concerned about the English language school­based curriculum in our school, I'd like to give you a brief introduction. ⑤在我看来，你在课堂上表达自己的想法并积极参与课后活动是明智之举。 As far as I'm concerned, it will be wise of you to express your ideas in class and take an active part in after­class activities. disturb v．干扰， 扰乱；妨碍；使烦恼(联想：disturbing adj.令人不安的→disturbed adj.不安的，烦躁的→disturbance n．干扰，扰乱；妨碍) 【教材原句】　However，the local people worry that building the hotel is not eco­friendly and will disturb the wildlife，in particular the turtles which lay their eggs on White Beach. 然而，当地人担心建造酒店不环保，会干扰野生动物，尤其是在白沙滩产卵的海龟。 【用法归纳】 (1)It disturbs sb.to do sth. 做某事使某人感到不安 disturb sb.with sth. 用某事/物打扰某人 (2)be disturbed by/about/at 因 ……而不安 【佳句必背】　I want to apologize for disturbing you with my phone calls early this morning.I had an urgent matter to deal with at that time.(应用文之道歉信) 我想为今天一大早我的电话打扰到你而道歉。我当时有急事要处理。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①The constant noise from the construction site next door is really disturbing (disturb).It wakes me up early in the morning. ②She looked disturbed (disturb) after hearing the bad news.Her face paled and she kept biting her lip, as if trying to hold back tears. ③I want to apologize sincerely for the disturbance (disturb) I made during your study session this afternoon. 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④看到每天有这么多学生在学校食堂浪费食物，我很不安。 It disturbs me to see so many students waste food in the school cafeteria every day. “特殊疑问词＋不定式”作主语 【教材原句】　 How to protect the delicate ecosystem was among the top concerns.其中， 如何保护脆弱的生态系统是需要我们高度重视的问题之一。 【用法归纳】 (1)句中“How to protect...”是“特殊疑问词＋不定式”结构，在句中作主语。 (2)常见的用于该句型的特殊疑问词：疑问代词who、what(无选择范围)，which(有选择范围)，疑问副词how、where、when等。 (3)语法功能：在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。 (4)其功能相当于一个名词性从句，可以用对应的从句来替换。 【佳句必背】　①How to make the most of library resources is a question that every student should consider, as it can greatly enrich their knowledge.(应用文之建议信) 如何充分利用图书馆资源是每个学生都应思考的问题，因为这能极大地丰富他们的知识。 ②When and where to organize the environmental protection activity is what we need to discuss in the class meeting.(应用文之通知)何时何地组织环保活动是我们在班会上需要讨论的内容。 【写成佳句】　完成句子/句型转换 ①到哪里去度暑假是一个困扰我好几个星期的问题。 Where to spend my summer holiday is a question that has been bothering me for weeks. ②(2024·全国甲卷)这就是为什么本期《作家文摘》旨在帮助你弄清楚，无论你在进行何种写作，该如何写出最佳结局。 That's why this issue (期) of Writer's Digest aims to help you figure out how to write the best ending for whatever kind of writing you're doing. ③何时举办校园读书节，师生们已经展开了讨论。 When to hold the campus reading festival has been debated among the teachers and students． ④What we should do during the winter vacation is a question on the minds of many students. →What to do during the winter vacation is a question on the minds of many students. 1．wander A．v.徘徊，游逛　 　B．v.走神，开小差　 C．v.(视线)慢慢移开　 D．v.蜿蜒，迂回曲折 ①(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)People's attention wanders constantly. B ②They prefer to spend time reading rather than wander in the street. A ③The river wanders through the quiet and beautiful small town. D ④His eyes wandered towards the photographs on the wall. C 2．写出句中加黑单词的汉语意思 ①(2022·全国乙卷) Can a small group of drones(无人机) guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year? 运营商 ②Teachers need to strike a delicate balance between instructing their students and letting them discover things for themselves.微妙的 ③(2024·全国甲卷)Like in typical families, where boys were favored much more than girls, my grandma had to stay at home to do housework.偏袒，特别照顾 [课后分层练16] (时间：45分钟　满分：76分) Ⅰ.单词拼写(每小题1分，共8分) 1．The coral reefs are extremely delicate (脆弱) and easily damaged by rising sea temperatures and pollution. 2．Many people choose to travel during their leisure (闲暇), exploring new places, experiencing different cultures, and broadening their horizons. 3．Electronic devices like mobile phones and laptops can release low­level radiation (辐射), which has raised concerns among users. 4．Standing on the top of the mountain, we were greeted by a breathtaking scenery (景色) of the valley below. 5．The view from the beach is absolutely splendid (壮丽的), with the sun setting over the vast ocean, painting the sky in hues of orange and pink. 6．The old man often wanders (徘徊) along the riverbank in the evening, enjoying the gentle breeze and recalling about the past. 7．The Eiffel Tower, a world­famous landmark (地标) in Paris, attracts millions of tourists every year. 8．On weekends, families often drive to the nearby grassland (草原) to have picnics, fly kites, and enjoy the fresh air. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每小题1分，共8分) 1．The economy of this region has been growing steadily (steady) in recent years, with more job opportunities being created. 2．The earthquake caused massive (mass) damage to the city, leaving many buildings in ruins and thousands of people homeless. 3．The retired couple often goes fishing by the lake at their leisure, enjoying the peaceful environment. 4．The old man vividly (vivid) recalled his childhood memories, painting a picture of the simple yet happy life in the countryside. 5．When choosing a vacation destination, the location (locate) with beautiful beaches and pleasant weather is always a top priority for many people. 6．Her hard­work and perseverance in the face of difficulties earned her the admiration (admire) of her colleagues. 7．The government has established many nature reserves to protect wild animals from illegal hunting and habitat destruction. 8．Completing a challenging project on time gives me a strong sense of achievement (achieve), making all the hard work and efforts worthwhile. Ⅲ.完成句子(每小题2分，共10分) 1．运动员们即将参加学校运动会，他们精力充沛，决心为班级赢得荣誉。 The athletes are about to participate in the school sports meet, full of energy and determination to win honors for their classes. 2．如何平衡学习和课外活动是许多学生共同面临的挑战。 How to balance study and after­school activities is a common challenge for many students. 3．汤姆是我们班第一个赢得全国英语演讲比赛的学生，为我们学校带来了巨大荣誉。 Tom was the first student in our class to win the national English speech contest, bringing great honor to our school. 4．为了提高沟通能力，许多学生自愿加入英语演讲俱乐部并定期练习口语。 To improve their communication skills, many students volunteer to join the English speech club and practice speaking regularly. 5．她深吸一口气，让自己平静下来，然后走上舞台发表演讲，努力克服紧张情绪。 She took a deep breath and calmed herself down before she stepped onto the stage to give a speech, trying to overcome her nervousness. Ⅳ.课文语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) Sitting back in my seat 1 leisurely (leisure), I can't quite believe that I'm about 2 to travel (travel) along the railway that many foreign experts claimed was “impossible”．The train has been racing along steadily since it left Xining.I was one of the 3 qualified (qualify) people who came from all parts of China to work on this railway.When we built the great railway, 4 how to protect the ecosystem remained among the top concerns.The first landmark 5 to catch (catch) my eyes is the splendid Qingshuihe Bridge, which is the world's longest bridge built over permafrost.To provide free access for the animals, thirty­three passages 6 have been built (build) to allow the animals to wander safely and freely in their natural habitat.There are hundreds of bridges built to prevent damage to wetlands and grasslands.To make sure we stayed 7 healthy (health), several oxygen­making stations 8 were constructed (construct) without disturbing the surroundings.We also built a long wall along Cuona Lake to protect it 9 from construction waste.I am proud 10 that we built our “impossible” railway with the care that the environment deserves. Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2025·山东德州五校高二上期末)Johannes Fritz, an Austrian biologist, needed to come up with a plan again if he was going to prevent his rare and beloved birds from going extinct. To survive the European winter, the northern bald ibis (秃鹮) needs to migrate south for the winter over the Alps.But shifting climate patterns have delayed when the birds begin to migrate and they are now reaching the mountains too late to make it over the peaks, locking them in an icy death trap.Determined to save them, he decided to teach the birds a new, safer migration route by guiding them himself in a tiny aircraft.He was confident that he could succeed in this daring, unconventional plan. Some 400 years ago, the Europeans hunted these birds without stopping and devoured the last in the wild, causing the birds to disappear entirely from the wild.When Mr.Fritz was born 56 years ago, the northern bald ibis could be found in Europe only in captivity (圈养). Mr.Fritz has spent his career reintroducing the birds into the wild.Through years of trial and error, he learned to fly like a bird.He modified (改装) a lightweight aircraft so it would fly at speeds slow enough for the birds to keep up.In 2004, he led the first flock from Austria to Italy, and has since led more migrations.But the route he originally taught the ibises does not work successfully.With climate change warming the area where the birds summer, they now start their migration at the end of October instead of the end of September.The trip is expected to take about six weeks, “Still, we're optimistic that it'll work，” said Mr.Fritz. His family and colleagues witnessed the risks he was taking.“But the unavoidable risks are necessary，” Mr.Fritz said.“It's not so much a job, but my life's purpose.” [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了奥地利生物学家约翰内斯·弗里茨为了防止他心爱的稀有鸟类秃鹮灭绝，决定教它们一条新的迁徙路线。 1．What was Johannes Fritz's plan? A．To shorten bald ibises' migration route. B．To lead bald ibises to migrate on a new route. C．To better the climate patterns for bald ibises. D．To find out a safer destination for bald ibises. 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第二段第三句话的描述：为了拯救它们，他决定用一架小型飞机亲自引导它们，教它们一条新的、更安全的迁徙路线。可知，约翰内斯·弗里茨的计划是带领秃鹮沿着一条新的路线迁徙。故选B。 2．What does the underlined word “devoured” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Destroyed. B．Abused. C．Released. D．Raised. 解析：选A。词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“causing the birds to disappear entirely from the wild(导致鸟类完全从野外消失)”可知，欧洲人不停地猎杀这些鸟，并在野外毁灭了最后一只，故画线词与Destroyed“毁灭，破坏”意义相近。故选A。 3．Why was Mr.Fritz's initial route for the birds ineffective? A．Owing to the long time it consumes. B．For the slow speed of his modified aircraft. C．Because of the toughness along the first route. D．Due to higher temperatures in the summer habitat. 解析：选D。推理判断题。根据第四段中的描述：但他最初教给秃鹮的路线并不成功。随着气候变化使鸟类避暑的地区变暖，它们现在在10月底而不是9月底开始迁徙。可推断出，弗里茨先生最初寻找的路线无效是因为夏季栖息地的温度更高。故选D。 4．Which of the following can best describe Mr.Fritz? A．Honest. B．Innovative. C．Straightforward. D．Demanding. 解析：选B。推理判断题。根据文章内容，Fritz 先生为了拯救秃鹮，决定用小型飞机引导它们走一条新的、更安全的迁徙路线，还改装了轻型飞机，使其飞行速度足够慢，让秃鹮能跟上。这些都体现了他具有创新精神，B项Innovative符合。故选B。 B (2025·山西大学附中高二上检测)A start­up company backed by tech giants IBM and Microsoft plans to build thousands of artificial reefs across the globe to fight climate change by restoring coral reef ecosystems. The Reef Company plans to have its first reefs in the water by December 2022, and is encouraging more companies to fund reefs to offset (抵消) their carbon footprint.“We've calculated we need to build 2，500 reefs, each measuring 4 square kilometers, over the next 10 years to absorb the extra carbon we have on the planet at the moment，” says Jeroen van de Waal, founder of The Reef Company. Coral reefs are home to 25% of all marine life.They provide a source of income for millions of people through fishing and tourism and protect coastal communities by reducing the power of waves before they reach the shore.Yet they're under threat from global warming and 90% of all coral reefs could be lost by 2050 if nothing is done to protect them. As well as improving biodiversity and storing carbon, The Reef Company, which is based in Portugal, hopes to give a boost to local economies and collect real­time data for researchers. The artificial reefs are constructed from eco­friendly concrete made from recycled industrial waste and will feature consoles (控制台) filled with sensors that can measure how salty, warm and acid the ocean is.“The reefs will provide a continuously expanding set of connected sensors to gather and analyze data, generating insights in real time，” says Andrés Ortolá， managing director of Microsoft Portugal. To act as a sink for carbon dioxide, the artificial reefs will need to support plants such as seagrass and mangroves alongside coral.While coral reefs use carbon to grow, the process also lowers the PH in the water, which results in the release of CO2.Benjamin Horton at the Earth Observatory of Singapore says artificial reefs will need to be well maintained to prove successful.“If the ecosystems are damaged, their carbon sink capacity will be affected, and the carbon stored will be released.” [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。一家由科技巨头IBM和微软支持的初创公司计划在全球建造数千个人工珊瑚礁，通过恢复珊瑚礁生态系统来应对气候变化。 5．What does the author mainly try to do in Paragraph 3? A．Warn more companies of the extinction of coral reefs. B．Emphasize the economic benefits of artificial coral reefs. C．Show coral reefs play a role in fighting global warming. D．Tell why the efforts of The Reef Company are important. 解析：选D。推理判断题。第三段指出珊瑚礁是众多海洋生物的家园，通过渔业和旅游业为数百万人提供收入来源，还能保护沿海社区。但同时它们受到全球变暖的威胁，若不加以保护，到 2050 年 90% 的珊瑚礁可能会消失。此段强调了珊瑚礁的重要性以及面临的严峻形势，从而说明了 The Reef Company 为保护珊瑚礁所做努力的重要性。故选D。 6．Why are the artificial coral reefs equipped with sensors? A．To help natural coral reefs recover. B．To monitor new industrial resources. C．To keep track of ocean animals' health. D．To collect real­time data of the ocean. 解析：选D。推理判断题。根据第五段：这些珊瑚礁将配备一系列不断扩展的互联传感器，用于收集和分析数据，并实时生成分析结果。由此推断出人造珊瑚礁配备传感器是为了收集和分析海洋的实时数据。故选D。 7．What can we learn about Benjamin Horton? A．He shows no interest in the plan. B．He is worried about the project. C．He finds artificial reefs useless. D．He is hopeful about ecosystems. 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段中最后一句话：如果生态系统遭到破坏，它们的碳汇能力将受到影响，储存的碳将被释放。由此可见他对这个项目是担忧的。故选B。 8．What is the text mainly about? A．An attempt to fight climate change. B．A company devoted to studying reefs. C．A creative way to build artificial reefs. D．An international cooperation in science. 解析：选A。主旨大意题。文章开篇指出由科技巨头支持的初创公司计划建造人工珊瑚礁来对抗气候变化，接着阐述了珊瑚礁的重要性、人工珊瑚礁的建造及作用等，整体围绕通过建造人工珊瑚礁对抗气候变化这一尝试展开。故选A。 Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) (2025·河北武邑中学高二上检测)In order to save the environment, everybody has a role to play.The perfect 1 of someone who knows this well enough is a 70­year­old grandmother, Pat Smith. 2 with bags, rubber gloves and a rubbish picker, she spent an entire year 3 rubbish and caring for 52 British beaches after she made it her 2023 New Year's resolution to 4 one beach each week.She 5 spent her Christmas Day picking up plastic bottles on Trevone Beach. During her year­long cleanup, Smith was often 6 by other volunteers, including her grandchildren, who were determined to help her tidy up beach rubbish.However, some people often 7 Smith for doing community service, and to this, she said: “people don't understand I've been doing this 8 ．We should all take responsibility for picking up the rubbish as well as 9 we don't drop rubbish in the first place.” The environmentally conscious granny has no intention of 10 just because 2023 was over.“Cleaning 52 beaches in 2023 was my New Year's Resolution and it's finally 11 ，”said Smith.“I won't stop, as our beaches 12 me.I'm driven to try and protect our 13 for the children and grandchildren and I will 14 doing everything in my power to achieve that.I hope my efforts will help people be more 15 of their plastic consumption and recycling habits.” [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲的是一位老奶奶为了拯救环境，坚持清理垃圾，并且将一直坚持下去。 1． A．example B．position C．plan D．role 解析：选A。 根据语境，此处说的是 Pat Smith 是深知每个人在保护环境中都有作用的一个完美 “例子(example)”。故选A。 2． A．Connected B．Armed C．Combined D．Rewarded 解析：选B。根据空后的“with bags, rubber gloves and a rubbish picker，”可知，此处指Pat Smith用这些东西来武装自己，be armed with...“武装/装备；配有”。故选B。 3． A．recycling B．collecting C．abandoning D．throwing 解析：选B。由下文可知她在清理海滩垃圾，根据生活常识可知，她是在 “收集(collecting)” 垃圾。故选B。 4． A．explore B．decorate C．clean D．survey 解析：选C。根据后文第11空前的 “Cleaning 52 beaches in 2023 was my New Year's Resolution” 可知她的新年决心是每周 “清理(clean)” 一个海滩。故选C。 5． A．thus B．still C．again D．even 解析：选D。她甚至在圣诞节都在捡塑料瓶，“even”(甚至)表示程度上的递进，突出她清理海滩垃圾的坚持。故选D。 6． A．joined B．recorded C．admired D．interrupted 解析：选A。根据空后“including her grandchildren, who were determined to help her tidy up beach rubbish” 可知其他志愿者 “加入(joined)” 了她，和她一起行动。故选A。 7． A．blame B．forgive C．admire D．mistake 解析：选D。她是自愿做这件事，而别人却误认为她在做社区服务。“mistake sb.for...” 表示 “把某人误认为 ……”故选D。 8． A．voluntarily B．secretly C．frequently D．cautiously 解析：选A。面对别人的不理解，她解释自己是 “自愿(voluntarily)” 做这件事的，不是社区服务要求。故选A。 9． A．declaring B．admitting C．ensuring D．realizing 解析：选C。她认为我们不仅要捡垃圾，还要 “确保(ensure)” 一开始就不扔垃圾。故选C。 10．A．escaping B．disappearing C．leaving D．stopping 解析：选D。根据后文第11空后的“I won't stop”可知这位老奶奶不会 “停止(stopping)”自己的自愿清扫海滩活动。故选D。 11．A．canceled B．done C．obtained D．found 解析：选B。此处表达她终于快要完成2023年的愿望了，it's done意思是：完成了，搞定了。故选B。 12．A．impress B．understand C．need D．trust 解析：选B。她不会停止自己的清理工作，是因为海滩“需要(need)”她。故选B。 13．A．planet B．community C．continent D．energy 解析：选A。我必须努力为我们的孩子，我们的子孙，保护我们的“地球(planet)”，我会尽我所能做到这一点。故选A。 14．A．enjoy B．continue C．suggest D．imagine 解析：选B。她会 “继续(continue)” 尽自己所能去实现这一目标。故选B。 15．A．proud B．curious C．doubt D．aware 解析：选D。她希望自己的努力让人们更能 “意识到” 塑料消费和回收习惯的问题。be aware of sth.“意识到某事”。故选D。 Section Ⅱ　Using language—Present perfect continuous 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ①The train has been racing along steadily since it left Xining. ②All this time, the song “Sky Railway” has been playing inside my head. ③Wild animals such as these Tibetan antelopes have now been using these passages for years. ④The journey has been flying by, and before I know it, we have reached Tanggula Station. ⑤The Qinghai­Tibet Plateau has been attracting people's admiration for centuries. ⑥Now，thanks to our efforts, passengers from all over the country have been enjoying these magical landscapes. 【我的感悟】 句子中黑体部分的时态都是现在完成进行时，都表示该动作从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，并还有可能继续进行下去，既有完成时的特点，也有进行时的特点。 一、现在完成进行时的概念与构成 概念：现在完成进行时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态一直持续到现在，中间没有间断过，动作到现在可能刚刚结束，也可能还会持续下去。 构成：has/have＋been＋现在分词 二、现在完成进行时的用法 现在完成进行时是现在完成时态与进行时态的结合，既有现在完成时态的特点，也有进行时态的特点。具体用法如下： 1．表示某一动作从过去开始一直持续到现在并有可能持续进行下去。常和all the time、all the day、“for＋一段时间”等状语以及since引导的状语从句连用。 ①The scientists have been researching this new technology all the time and they are close to a breakthrough. 科学家们一直都在研究这项新技术，而且他们快要取得突破了。 ②I have been learning English since I was ten years old, and now I can communicate with foreigners fluently. 从我十岁起，我就一直在学英语，现在我已经能流利地和外国人交流了。 2．表示从过去到目前为止的一段时间里一直在反复进行的动作。常与表示“最近”意义的副词lately、recently等连用。 My grandfather has been taking daily walks recently to improve his health. 我爷爷最近每天都散步来改善健康状况。 3．表示某种感情色彩。 I've been waiting for your call for hours, and my heart has been sinking deeper and deeper with each passing minute. 我已经等你的电话好几个小时了，每过一分钟，我的心就往下沉一分。 三、现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别 现在完成时表示动作已完成，强调动作的结果或影响；现在完成进行时表示动作在迄今为止的一段时间内持续进行并有可能继续进行下去，强调动作的持续性或带有某种感情色彩。 1．在现代英语特别是口语中，lie、stand、sit、stay、wait等动词常用在现在完成进行时中。 She's been sitting at her desk for hours, working on that difficult math problem. 她已经在书桌前坐了好几个小时，钻研那道数学难题。 2．有些动词不能用于现在完成进行时，但可用于现在完成时。如表示状态的动词be、have、exist等，表示感情的动词like、love等，表示感觉的动词see、hear、know等。 ①We have been in Beijing for five years. 我们已经在北京待了五年了。 ②He has heard the good news of his winning the first prize in the contest. 他已经听说了在竞赛中获得一等奖的好消息了。 3．与一段时间连用时可以用现在完成时也可以用现在完成进行时；但与“次数”连用时只能用现在完成时，不能用现在完成进行时。 ①She has been working on this project for two months. 她已经持续为这个项目工作两个月了。 ②He has played football five times this week. 他这周已经踢了五次足球了。 ————即学即练———— 用括号里单词的正确形式填空 ①My parents have been living (live) in this city with me for five years and they sometimes miss their home in the country. ②I have seen (see) this film before and it left a deep impression on me. ③I'm sure Andrew will win first prize in the competition as he has been preparing (prepare) for it for months. ④They have travel(l)ed (travel) to many countries and they have been sharing (share) their wonderful experiences with friends back home. ⑤He has studied (study) Chinese for five years and he has been practicing (practice) speaking it with his Chinese classmates every day. ⑥She has been training (train) for the marathon for months and finally she has qualified (qualify) for the race. ⑦My parents have been working (work) hard all their lives and they have saved (save) enough money to buy a new house. ⑧We have built (build) a small garden in our backyard and we have been taking (take) care of the plants in it carefully. 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空 1．(2024·浙江1月卷)Norman Stienwand, who farms in that area, has been addressing (address) public meetings on this issue for years. 2．(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Since June 2017...I have been helping (help) the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English. 3．(2023·全国甲卷) Fourth decade as a writer...Well, I guess I have been writing (write)novels since the 1980s. 4．(2022·天津卷)Understandably, theorists have been arguing (argue) for years and still disagree on whether the brain is the nerve centre that operates the rest of the body. 5．(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)People have been bringing (bring) their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them. [课后分层练17] (时间：45分钟　满分：79.5分) Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每小题1分，共8分) 1．The operator (operate) of the local grocery store is always friendly and offers great customer service. 2．The economic (economy) reform in this region has brought about significant changes in people's living standards. 3．The sudden noise from the argument of several students became a huge disturbance (disturb) in the library. 4．The fans burst into a roaring (roar) cheer when their favorite team won the game, filling the stadium with excitement. 5．The devoted conservationist (conservation) spent years working to protect the endangered rainforest. 6．The disturbing news about the environmental disaster left the local residents deeply disturbed, as they worried about the future of their homes.(disturb) 7．The unique cultural heritage and natural scenery of this region contribute greatly to the local tourism (tour). 8．As far as I'm concerned, people should learn to use natural (nature) resources wisely. Ⅱ.链接写作——完成句子(每题2分，共12分) 1．玛丽一直在努力写她的新书，她认为她将在星期五之前完成。 Mary has been working really hard on her new book and thinks she'll have finished it by Friday. 2．我同桌最近每天早上都花一小时读英文小说，以此提升阅读理解能力。 My deskmate has been reading English novels for an hour every morning recently to improve his ability of reading comprehension． 3．到目前为止，政府已经采取了多项措施来保护环境，空气质量有了显著改善。 So far, the government has taken a number of measures to protect the environment and the air quality has improved significantly. 4．作为一名青少年，我喜欢跳舞，并且一直在业余时间学习舞蹈课程。 As a teenager, I like dancing and have been taking dancing lessons in my spare time. 5．在过去的这些年里，中国在环境保护方面取得了很大的成就。 In the past few years, China has made great achievements in environmental protection. 6．我确信你将在这次考试中取得更好的成绩，因为这一年里你一直用功学习。 I'm sure you will do better in the test because you have been studying so hard this year. Ⅲ.链接写作——完成语段(每题1.5分，共12分) Our school 1 has been organizing (一直在组织) an environmental activity to raise students' awareness of protecting the environment.Up to now, it 2 has been going on (已经持续了) for two months. The activity 3 has involved (已经涉及) various aspects.Students 4 have been collecting (一直在收集) waste paper and plastic bottles in classrooms and on campus.They 5 have sorted (已经分类) them carefully and sent them for recycling regularly.The school 6 has also been inviting (也一直在邀请) environmental experts to give lectures once a week.These lectures have attracted a large number of students and teachers. So far, the activity 7 has achieved (已经取得) great results.The campus has become cleaner, and students' environmental awareness has been enhanced.Through this activity, we 8 have realized (已经认识到) that everyone can contribute to protecting our environment, no matter how small the action is.We hope such activities will continue in the future. Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2025·湖北部分高中高二上期中) Throughout history, young individuals are always willing to carry the weight of responsibility and serve their communities selflessly.One such individual is Lily Chen. Lily Chen was introduced to environmental and societal challenges at a very young age.Coming from a family of environmental activists, her father's strong environmental conscience was a value she learned from childhood. Upon completing her studies at the University of British Columbia in Canada and returning to her native Singapore, Lily's environmental concerns deepened, especially following the 2011 Fukushima nuclear disaster. A committed volunteer and a born leader, Lily was actively involved from the beginning.She helped to organize and lead at meet­ups in cafes and community halls, as well as run workshops, and training.Taking direct action, she has participated in various campaigns such as the global movement against single­use plastics.“Advocating for the environment has shown me that making a difference is not a sprint but a marathon，” Lily remarked.“We must try to put up with tough times.But I'm sure we'll make a difference in a long run.” As an artist and educator, Lily organized interactive art project in line with Greenpeace Singapore's campaigns on topics like deforestation and plastic pollution.A notable project was “Wings of Biodiversity”， where she directed a group of 30 young volunteers to create a 64­meter­long mural(壁画) as a part of a worldwide street art initiative fighting deforestation in the Amazon. “Climate change is an urgent crisis，” Lily stated.“Yet, the activism of the youth in recent years offers a ray of hope.The youths of today are well organized, and passionate about expressing their desire for positive change and a green and sustainable future for all.” [语篇解读]本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了Lily Chen，一位来自环保主义家庭、具有强烈环保意识的年轻女性，通过自己的努力在环境保护领域发挥作用的故事。 1．What can we know about Lily Chen's father? A．He was an animal activist. B．He taught in a university. C．He cared much about environment. D．He was living in poor conditions. 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第二段第二句话：她来自一个环保人士的家庭，父亲强烈的环保意识是她从小学到的价值观。可知，Lily Chen的父亲很关心环境。故选C。 2．Which of the following best describes Lily Chen? A．Inflexible. B．Socially responsible. C．Unpopular. D．Economically disadvantaged. 解析：选B。推理判断题。根据第四段开头两句：作为一名忠诚的志愿者和天生的领导者，莉莉从一开始就积极参与。她帮助组织和领导咖啡馆和社区会堂的聚会，以及举办研讨会和培训。可推断出，Lily Chen是很有社会责任感的，可用socially responsible来描述。故选B。 3．What does the underlined part “a sprint” in Paragraph 5 mean? A．A short­lived effort. B．An instant success. C．A complex situation. D．An immediate challenge. 解析：选A。词义猜测题。根据第四段“but a marathon(而是马拉松)”可知，画线词所在句子表示“倡导环保让我明白，做出改变不是短跑，而是马拉松”，a sprint意为“短跑”，在本文的语境中应该指的是短期的努力，和a short­lived effort意思相近。故选A。 4．What might be the purpose of the “Wings of Biodiversity” project? A．To produce distinctive street art. B．To preserve the Amazon rainforest. C．To fight against plastic pollution. D．To recognize environmental activists. 解析：选B。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第二句：其中一个著名的项目是“Wings of Biodiversity”，她指导30名年轻志愿者创作了一幅64米长的壁画，作为全球街头艺术倡议的一部分，反对亚马逊地区的森林砍伐。可推断出，“Wings of Biodiversity”项目旨在保护亚马逊雨林。故选B。 B (2025·山东多校高二上期中)Tigers can weigh over 600 pounds, leap up to 20 feet and take down prey (猎物) nearly five times their weight.But for all their strength, their position on the food chain in their habitats can be fragile.To survive, a single tiger must consume about 100 pounds of flesh each week.That equals about 50 large animals each year.This means tigers require large parts of land, and the land must be filled with prey. In the past century, however, people have been closing in, clearing vast areas of habitat for agriculture.Hunting has also driven down numbers of prey animals.An estimated global tiger population of 100，000 in 1900, spread across Asia and parts of the Middle East, today measures about 4，500.The number was 3，200 in 2010.Tigers now occupy less than 7% of their historical range.In India, where 70% of the world's wild tigers live, human population growth and development are pressing people and tigers closer together.Millions of people now live in “buffer zones” around tiger reserves, and each year tigers kill hundreds of farm animals. Krithi, head of the Centre for Wildlife Studies, spends significant time and resources trying to reduce human­wildlife conflict.One of the centre's programs works with around 2，000 rural communities to provide government payments for people who have lost farm animals to tigers' attacks.“These payments don't fully make up for what people have lost, but can help them face it，” Krithi says.“If these payments don't reach people, the chance of building hatred toward tigers will go up.” Another program teaches children about the role tigers and other animals play in their ecosystems.Krithi says, “Or the kids will view wildlife with hostility and fear.” It also provides them with simple tips, such as carrying flashlights and talking loudly while traveling in groups, to keep them safe near wildlife. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了老虎在自然栖息地中的生存状况、面临的威胁(如栖息地丧失和猎物数量减少)以及人类为缓解人类与野生动物冲突所采取的措施。 5．What condition must tigers need for survival? A．High mountains. B．Vast grasslands. C．Large population. D．Enough land and prey. 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句话的描述：为了生存，一只老虎每周必须消耗大约100磅的肉，这相当于每年大约50只大型动物。这意味着老虎需要大量的土地，并且这片土地上必须布满猎物。可知，老虎为了生存需要大量的土地和食物。故选D。 6．Which has the largest population of the world's wild tigers? A．Asia. B．Africa. C．Europe. D．America. 解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句话的描述：在印度，那里生活着世界上70%的野生老虎。印度是一个亚洲国家，所以亚洲的老虎数量最多。故选A。 7．What is the purpose of the government payments? A．To pay for the losses of crops. B．To encourage people to raise tigers. C．To make up for the losses of people partly. D．To inspire people to keep more farm animals. 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第三段中的描述：该中心的一个项目与大约2 000个农村社区合作，为因老虎袭击而失去家畜的人提供政府赔偿。这些赔偿并不能完全弥补人们的损失，但可以帮助他们面对困境。可知，政府赔偿的目的是一定程度上弥补人们因老虎袭击而失去家畜的损失。故选C。 8．How many pieces of simple suggestions are given in the last paragraph? A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5. 解析：选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句话的描述：该项目还为孩子们提供了一些简单的建议，比如在集体出行时携带手电筒并大声说话，以确保在野生动物附近时的安全。可知，最后一段给出了两条简单的建议，分别是携带手电筒和在集体出行时大声说话。故选A。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2025·河北石家庄高二上期中)There are a total of 3, 044 national parks worldwide.Africa contains 249.Asia has 985.474 are in Europe.297 are in Central and North America.335 are in South America and Oceania has 704.1( )．Let us check out some of them below. Ecological values The world is fast losing its natural assets (资产).According to a study by the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) in 2015, the total number of species in the last 30 years is 477.Their habitats are getting destroyed worldwide because of all kinds of human activities.How to solve the problem? 2( )． Economic values Well­protected national parks serve as a good way to increase national economy.3( ).In other words, these wildlife­rich parks can help the country develop tourism.As tourism becomes better; other industries can be developed too. 4( ) It has been found that people can make some illnesses like stress, frustration, eye problems, and anger go away if they spend some quality time in the national parks' green surroundings.Moreover, people also have chosen these national parks to be a place where they can spend a joyful time. Social and cultural values 5( )．They serve as the role of a natural history book that dates back centuries.Some locations of national parks have a history as old as 22, 000 years.The protected areas of Australia are used by the Aboriginal people in a number of ways, like being the source of food, medicine, trade, and also in ceremonial procedures. A．Political values B．Health and pleasure C．The reason is that they hugely attract tourists D．They have great significance in various directions E.Now, national parks are a solution to this problem F．The national parks are alive with rich history and culture G．In national parks, all plants and animals are kept in their natural state [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文，介绍了国家公园经济发展带给人们的好处。 1．解析：选D。设空处承上启下。上文介绍了世界各地国家公园的数量，后文分别阐述了国家公园在生态、经济、社会文化等方面的价值。此空起到承上启下的作用，D项：它们在各个方面都有重大意义。 符合语境，引出下文对国家公园不同价值的介绍。故选D。 2．解析：选E。设空处总结本段。前文提到物种栖息地因人类活动而被破坏，提出如何解决这一问题。E项：现在，国家公园是解决这个问题的办法。承接上文，表明国家公园能解决物种栖息地被破坏的问题。故选E。 3．解析：选C。设空处承上启下。前文说保护良好的国家公园是增加国民经济的好方法，后文提到这些野生动物丰富的公园能帮助国家发展旅游业。C项：原因是它们极大地吸引游客。 解释了国家公园能促进经济增长的原因，即吸引游客，进而发展旅游业。故选C。 4．解析：选B。设空处是本段小标题，应该与其他小标题一致。该段提到人们在国家公园的绿色环境中可以缓解一些疾病，还能享受快乐时光。B项：健康与愉悦。概括了该段主旨，作为小标题合适。故选B。 5．解析：选F。设空处是段首句。该段主要讲述国家公园的社会和文化价值，提到它们像一本自然历史书，有悠久的历史。F项：国家公园充满了丰富的历史和文化。 符合该段主题，强调国家公园的历史文化内涵。故选F。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2025·江苏徐州高二上期末)There are more than 30，000 bridges which have been built or are 1 construction in Guizhou, known as the “Museum of Bridges”．Among them, the Baling River Bridge is of the 2 (great) importance. The bridge, with the longest steel suspension (悬梁) in China, opened to the traffic in 2009.At that time, it 3 (help) cut the travel time across the valley from one hour to merely a few minutes. A museum on bridge construction techniques near the bridge has become 4 tourist hot spot in Guizhou.Many tourists visit the museum to gain 5 they are curious to know, such as the types, structures, and designs of bridges. The Baling River Bridge has developed a significant place 6 (dedicate) to extreme sports.The bungee jumping at the Baling River Bridge is 7 (official) confirmed by the Guinness World Records as the world's highest commercial bungee jumping.In addition, extreme sports activities, such as high­altitude swings, sky walking, and low­altitude parachuting (跳伞), 8 (introduce) on the bridge since January 2024. Transforming disadvantages into advantages, Guizhou is accelerating the unlocking of the potential inherent in its unique 9 (geography) resources.Throughout this year, Guizhou has been persistently developing distinctive tourism products to cater to the 10 (diversity) needs of visitors. [语篇解读]本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了贵州的坝陵河大桥的建造情况。 1．解析：under。考查介词。贵州已经建成和正在建设的桥梁有3万多座。短语under construction表示“正在建设”。故填under。 2．解析：greatest。考查形容词。其中，坝陵河大桥是最重要的。根据设空前的定冠词the可知，此处要用形容词的最高级形式。故填greatest。 3．解析：helped。考查动词时态。设空处是句子的谓语动词，根据设空前的时间状语at that time可知，此处要用一般过去时。故填helped。 4．解析：a。考查冠词。大桥附近的一座桥梁建造技术博物馆已经成为贵州的一个旅游热点。spot为泛指意思，且tourist是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 5．解析：what。考查宾语从句。许多游客参观博物馆是为了了解他们想知道的东西。设空处引导宾语从句，充当gain的宾语。引导词在从句中充当know的宾语，要用what引导。故填what。 6．解析：dedicated。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语动词是has developed。设空处是非谓语动词作定语，固定搭配be dedicated to表示“致力于”。故填dedicated。 7．解析：officially。考查副词。坝陵河大桥上的蹦极被吉尼斯世界纪录正式确认为世界上最高的商业蹦极。修饰动词confirm用副词officially，故填officially。 8．解析：have been introduced。考查动词时态和语态。此外，从2024年1月起，桥上还引进了高空秋千、空中漫步、低空跳伞等极限运动项目。主语extreme sports activities与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文since January 2024可知为现在完成时的被动语态，助动词用have。故填have been introduced。 9．解析：geographical。考查形容词。化劣势为优势，加快释放贵州独特地理资源潜力。修饰名词resources用形容词geographical，故填geographical。 10．解析：diverse。考查形容词。一年来，贵州坚持开发特色旅游产品，以满足游客的多样化需求。修饰名词needs用形容词diverse。故填diverse。 Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas Step One　Lead­in If you could get a job that allowed you to live on a beautiful island, what would you think it would be like? And do you think such a job really exists? It would probably be a very relaxing and exciting job, with beautiful scenery around.And it seems hard to believe such a job exists, but the text might tell us more. Step Two　Read for the main idea Match the main idea with each section. Section 1 (Para.1) A．Explain the job application process and the final selection result. Section 2 (Para.2) B．Introduce “the best job in the world” with its appealing details. Section 3 (Para.3) C．Narrate Ben's work and the job's global influence on reef protection. Section 4 (Para.4) D．Analyze the job's true aim: highlighting Great Barrier Reef's protection. Section 5 (Paras.5－6) E.Describe the Great Barrier Reef, its features and current threats. 答案：Section 1—B　Section 2—D　Section 3—E　Section 4—A　Section 5—C Step Three　Read for details Ⅰ.Read Section 1 (Para.1) carefully and do the following exercises. 1．What is NOT a requirement of the job looking after the Great Barrier Reef? A．Living on the island for six months. B．Working long and fixed hours every day. C．Promoting the islands through media. D．Making reports about the exploration. 2．How should the job­taker report back about the exploration? A．By writing monthly letters, photo diaries and video updates. B．By writing weekly blogs, drawing pictures and video updates. C．By writing daily blogs, photo diaries and audio updates. D．By writing weekly blogs, photo diaries and video updates. 答案：1.B　2.D Ⅱ.Read Section 2 (Para.2) carefully and do the following exercise. Why is it not important whether the job offer was genuine or a marketing event? Because it was actually a very clever means to highlight the importance of the Great Barrier Reef and the need to protect it. Ⅲ.Read Section 3 (Para.3) carefully and do the following exercises. 1．Where is the Great Barrier Reef located? It is located off the coast of North­east Australia. 2．What threats are the Great Barrier Reef facing? It is facing threats from pollution and climate change. Ⅳ.Read Section 4 (Para.4) carefully and do the following exercises. 1．What did the candidates have to do to get the job? A．Make a short video about the reef and prove their suitability. B．Make a long video about their hobbies and prove their abilities. C．Make a short video about their travels and prove their strengths. D．Make a long video about the ocean and prove their experience. 2．How many candidates were selected in the end? A．Eleven candidates including a young man from China. B．Eleven candidates including a young woman from China. C．Ten candidates including a young woman from China. D．Ten candidates including a young man from China. 答案：1.A　2.B Ⅴ.Read Section 5 (Paras.5－6) carefully and do the following exercises. 1．What did Ben Southall do during his time as an island caretaker? A．He only wrote blogs and took photos about the reef. B．He made TV appearances and worked for a news channel. C．He wrote articles, made TV appearances and worked for a channel. D．He wrote a book first and then made some TV appearances. 2．What was the most important result of the call for an island caretaker? A．It made people aware of the ocean's beauty and the need to protect the reef. B．It made people know the importance of tourism. C．It attracted interest from all over the world. D．It made people understand the history of the Great Barrier Reef. 3．What can we infer from Ben's joke that the job should have been advertised as the “busiest job in the world”？ A．He didn't like the job at all. B．The job was too easy for him. C．He was not satisfied with the pay of the job. D．He had a lot of work to do during the job. 答案：1.C　2.A　3.D Step Four　Consolidation Discuss the following question with your partners and present your answer to the class. If you were given the opportunity to be the island caretaker, what unique ideas or actions would you take to better protect the Great Barrier Reef? Your presentation： I would organize regular beach­cleaning activities with local schools and communities to reduce pollution.I'd also use social media to live­stream the reef's beauty and the threats it faces in real­time, hoping to attract more people to support conservation efforts. ◎ THE BEST JOB IN THE WORLD How would you like to spend six months living on an island and looking after the Great Barrier Reef①？ The working hours are flexible② and accommodation③ is provided.[1]Key duties include exploring the islands of the reef and finding out what the area has to offer.You'll need to report back via④ weekly blogs, photo diaries and video updates.You'll also be asked to promote⑤ the islands through newspapers, magazines and TV interviews. This call for an island caretaker attracted interest from all over the world.It was actually a very clever means [2]to highlight the importance of⑥ the Great Barrier Reef and the need to protect it． [1]谓语动词include后跟exploring和finding out两个并列动名词短语作宾语；在finding out后是what引导的宾语从句。 [2] 动词不定式短语作后置定语，修饰名词means。 [3]Located off the coast of North­east Australia, the Great Barrier Reef is the largest living thing on the planet.About the size of Japan, it even can be seen from outer space.More than 25 million years old, the Great Barrier Reef is made up of living coral [4]growing on dead coral.It is host to many species of birds and sea creatures.But this unique⑦ and delicate place is now under threat⑧ from pollution and climate change. [3]过去分词短语作状语。 [4]现在分词短语作定语，修饰living coral。 To get this job, the candidates⑨ had to make a short video [5]showing how much they knew about the reef.They also needed to prove why they were the best person [6]to do the job．Out of the thousands of applicants⑩， eleven were selected, including a young woman from China.Eventually⑪， the job was offered to Ben Southall from the UK. [5]现在分词短语作定语，修饰名词video。 [6]动词不定式短语作定语，修饰名词person。 Ben did a lot during his time as an island caretaker.In addition to⑫ blogging, taking photos and writing articles about the reef, he made a number of appearances on television to argue in favour of⑬ its defence.He also worked as⑭ a presenter⑮ for the National Geographic Channel, before [7]going on to write a book about his experiences．Ben later joked that the job should have been advertised⑯ [8]not as the “best”， but the “busiest job in the world”！ [7]going on to...为动名词短语作介词before的宾语。 [8]not...but...不是 ……而是 ……，在句中连接两个宾语。 [9]Whether it was a genuine⑰ job offer or an eye­catching marketing event isn't really important.The most important thing was [10]that people all over the world became aware of⑱ the beauty of the ocean in the area．What's more⑲， they came to understand the delicate balance [11]that the environment exists in and [12]what can, and must, be done to protect the reef．That way, it will remain a safe habitat for wildlife, as well as a dream destination for the millions of tourists who visit it each year. [9]Whether引导主语从句。 [10]that引导表语从句。 [11]that引导定语从句，修饰先行词balance。 [12]what引导宾语从句，和the delicate balance并列作动词understand的宾语。 ◎ ①the Great Barrier Reef 大堡礁 ②flexible adj.灵活的 ③accommodation n．住所；住宿 accommodate vt.提供住宿 ④via prep.通过(某人、某机器等)传送(某物)；借助于 ⑤promote vt.促进；推动；推销；宣传 ⑥highlight the importance of 强调 ……的重要性 ⑦unique adj.独一无二的；仅有的；独特的 ⑧under threat 受到威胁 ⑨candidate n．申请者 ⑩applicant n．申请人 apply vi.申请 vt.使用，应用 application n．申请 ⑪ eventually adv.最后，终于 ⑫ in addition to除 ……以外(还) ⑬ favour n．支持，赞同 in favour of 支持，赞同 ⑭ work as 担当 ……角色；做 ……工作 ⑮ presenter n．主持人 ⑯ advertise v．(为 ……)做广告(宣传) advertisement n．广告 ⑰ genuine adj.真的，真正的 ⑱ become aware of 意识到 ⑲ what's more而且；更重要的是；另外 ◎ 世界上最好的工作 你愿意在一座岛上生活六个月，并照看大堡礁吗？这份工作时间灵活，提供住宿。你的主要职责包括探索大堡礁的各个岛屿，探寻当地的自然资源。你需要通过每周更新博客、创建照片日志和拍摄视频的方式来反馈工作成果；你还需要通过报纸、杂志和电视采访等宣传大堡礁。 这则岛屿管理员的招聘广告吸引了全世界的兴趣。这其实是一种绝妙的手段，既突出了大堡礁的重要性，又强调了大堡礁需要人类保护。 大堡礁位于澳大利亚东北部近海处，是地球上最大的生物。大堡礁面积接近日本的国土面积，甚至从外太空都能看得到它。大堡礁有2 500万年的历史，由生长在死珊瑚上的活珊瑚组成。它是许多鸟类和海洋生物的栖息地。但如今，这一独特又脆弱的区域正在遭受污染和气候变化的威胁。 要想得到这份工作，应聘者需要拍摄一段短视频，展示自己对大堡礁的了解程度。另外，应聘者还需要证明为何自己是这个职位的最佳人选。在成千上万名应聘者中，有11人被选中，其中包括一名年轻的中国姑娘。最终，来自英国的本·索撒尔获得了这份工作。 本在做岛屿管理员期间做了很多事情。除了发布博客、拍照片和写关于大堡礁的文章，本还多次在电视上露面号召保护大堡礁，并且担任过国家地理频道的主持人。在那之后，本把自己的经历写成了一本书。本后来开玩笑说，这份工作的招聘启事上应该写“世界上最繁忙的工作”，而不是“最好的”！ 不管这是一个真正的工作机会，还是一场吸引眼球的营销活动，其实都不重要。最重要的是，全世界都认识到了这片大海的美丽。而且，人们还意识到环境存在于微妙的平衡之中，也知道了人类能够且必须采取什么行动来保护大堡礁。只有如此，大堡礁才能继续作为野生动植物的安全栖息地以及每年数百万游客梦寐以求的旅游目的地。 applicant n．申请人[联想：apply v．申请； 应用， 运用； (对 ……)适用；涂；敷→application n．应用， 适用； 申请(书)；应用软件] 【教材原句】　Out of the thousands of applicants, eleven were selected, including a young woman from China. 在成千上万名应聘者中，有11人被选中，其中包括一名年轻的中国姑娘。 【用法归纳】 apply (to...) for...　 (向 ……)申请 …… apply to do sth. 申请做某事 apply A to B 把A应用/涂抹于B be applied to 被应用到 apply...to... 把 ……运用到 …… apply oneself to... 专注于 ……，致力于 …… 【佳句必背】　①(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷) With the rise of technology, it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid of a mobile application.随着科技的发展，借助移动应用程序，人们很容易对不同物种进行观察。 ②Applicants must submit their resumes before the deadline.Any late submissions will not be accepted.(应用文之招聘启事) 申请者必须在截止日期前提交他们的简历。任何逾期提交的材料都将不被接受。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷) The latest engineering techniques are applied (apply) to create this protective functional structure that is also beautiful. ②You should apply the knowledge you learned in class to solving practical problems. ③The student council requires each applicant to submit a detailed application form, including their motivation for joining the debate team.(apply) 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④我写这封信是为了申请我们英语广播站校园新闻的校园记者一职。 I'm writing to apply for the position of campus reporter for Campus News of our English broadcasting station. ⑤如果你真的想在这学期取得优异的成绩，你必须全身心地投入到学习中去。 If you truly want to achieve excellent grades in this semester, you must apply yourself to your studies wholeheartedly. preference n．优先(权)；偏爱(联想：prefer v．更喜欢；宁愿) 【教材原句】　 All applications welcome, but preference will be given to those with diving qualifications.欢迎所有申请者参加，但具有潜水资格者优先。 【用法归纳】 (1)have/show a preference for 对……偏爱 give preference to 给……以优待 in preference to 优先于 【佳句必背】　When it comes to choosing a vacation destination, her preference is always for the mountains rather than the beach.(应用文之建议信)在选择度假目的地时，她总是偏爱山区而非海滩。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①After a long day of work, the teacher has a preference (prefer) for reading a good book or taking a walk in the park to relax. ②When answering students' questions, the teacher gives preference to guiding them to think independently. 【写成佳句】　一句多译 ③周末时，我宁愿去山里徒步，也不愿待在家里玩电子游戏。 →During weekends, I prefer hiking in the mountains to staying at home and playing video games． →During weekends, I prefer to hike in the mountains rather than stay at home and play video games． →During weekends, I would rather hike in the mountains than stay at home and play video games． qualification n．技能条件，资格[联想：qualify v．使具备资格；(使)合格→qualified adj.有资格的；能胜任的] 【教材原句】　 All applications welcome, but preference will be given to those with diving qualifications．欢迎所有申请者参加，但具有潜水资格者优先。 【用法归纳】 (1)the qualification for/to do sth. (做)某事的资格 (2)qualify sb.to do sth. 使某人有资格做某事 qualify as 取得 ……资格(或学历)；合格 (3)be qualified for/to do sth. 胜任某事/有资格做某事 a qualified teacher 一位合格的老师 【佳句必背】　①(2023·全国乙卷)She qualified as a surgeon in 1813, then joined the British Army, serving overseas. 她于 1813 年取得外科医生资格，随后加入英国陆军，在海外服役。 ②With my English competence and work experience, I am sure I have the qualifications for the position.(应用文之申请信) 凭借我的英语能力和工作经验，我确信自己具备担任该职位的资格。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①I think he is qualified to be (be) a volunteer as he has a good knowledge of English. ②It is my fluent English, strong spirit of teamwork and ability to organize various activities that for sure make me more qualified (qualify) for the position. ③To be a class representative, one important qualification (qualify) is excellent communication skills. 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④我写这封信是为了申请这个职位，我认为我能胜任这个工作。 I'm writing to apply for the position, thinking that I'm well qualified for the job． ⑤我有资格申请交换生项目，因为我已经掌握了三门外语。 I have the qualification to apply for the exchange student program, because I have mastered three foreign languages. be made up of 由 ……组成/构成 【教材原句】　More than 25 million years old, the Great Barrier Reef is made up of living coral growing on dead coral.大堡礁有2 500万年的历史，由生长在死珊瑚上的活珊瑚组成。 【用法归纳】 (1)consist of/be composed of/be comprised of 由 ……组成/构成 (2)make up 组成/构成；编造；打扮，化妆 make up with sb. 与某人言归于好 make up for 弥补，补偿 make up one's mind to do sth. 下定决心做某事 【佳句必背】　Our school's Sports Festival is made up of various activities, ranging from group competitions such as the tug­of­war to the solo ones like a half­marathon race.(应用文之宣传稿)我们学校的体育节由各种各样的活动组成，从拔河这样的团体比赛到半程马拉松这样的个人项目都有。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①After missing several classes due to illness, she spent the weekend studying extra hours to make up for the lost time. ②After weeks of not speaking to each other, they finally decided to meet and make up with each other. ③She made up her mind to participate (participate) in the national English speech contest and spent hours practicing every day. 【写成佳句】　一句多译 ④一只由5名医生和10名护士组成的医疗队被派遣到地震受灾地区。 →A medical team made up of/composed of/comprised of 5 doctors and 10 nurses was sent to the earth­stricken area.(过去分词短语作定语) →A medical team consisting of 5 doctors and 10 nurses was sent to the earth­stricken area.(现在分词短语作定语) in favour of 支持，赞同 【教材原句】　 In addition to blogging, taking photos and writing articles about the reef, he made a number of appearances on television to argue in favour of its defence.除了发布博客、拍照片和写关于大堡礁的文章，他还多次在电视上露面，号召大家保护大堡礁。 【用法归纳】 (1)do sb.a favour/do a favour for sb. 帮助某人 ask sb.a favour/ask a favour of sb. 请求某人帮忙 in sb.'s favour 有利于某人 (2)favourable adj.赞同的；有利的 favourable situation 有利的局面 (3)favourite adj.特别/最喜欢/喜爱的 n．特别喜欢的人/物 【佳句必背】　Most of the students in the class were in favour of having a field trip to the local museum, believing it would provide a hands­on learning experience.(应用文之观点看法)班上大多数学生都赞成去当地博物馆进行实地考察， 认为这将提供一种亲身体验式的学习经历。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①In the art exhibition, Lily's unique painting style was in her favour, winning her high praise. ②The current economic policies provide a favourable (favour) environment for small businesses to expand. ③My favourite (favour) subject at school is history because it allows me to learn about different cultures and past events. 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④(应用文之求助信)我写信是真诚地想请你就我们根据课本改编的一个剧本一事帮个忙。 I am writing in sincerity to ask you a favor regarding a play we adapted according to the textbook. ⑤我的邻居问我能否在她度假时帮她照看一下她的宠物狗。 My neighbor asked if I could do her a favour to look after her pet dog while she was on vacation. “not...but...”表示“不是 ……而是 ……” 【教材原句】　 Ben later joked that the job should have been advertised not as the “best”， but the “busiest job in the world”！ 本后来开玩笑说，这个工作的招聘启事上应该写“世界上最繁忙的工作”，而不是“最好的”！ 【用法归纳】 (1)“not...but...”连接两个并列成分，当连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数要遵循“就近原则”。 (2)连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的数遵循“就近原则”的短语还有“not only...but (also)...”“either...or...”“neither...nor...”等。 【佳句必背】　①With your enthusiastic guidance, I've come to realize that the secret to success doesn't lie in when and where you were born, but in what you do throughout your life.(应用文之感谢信) 在你的热心教导下，我意识到成功的秘诀不在于你出生的时间和地点，而在于你一生中在做什么。 ②The weather here is very nice.It is neither very cold in winter nor very hot in summer.(读后续写之气候描写) 这里的天气非常宜人，冬天不太冷，夏天也不太热。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①In my opinion, not the teacher but the students in his class are (be) responsible for the incident. ②According to the schedule, either Tom or you are (be) going to clean the floor. ③Neither the students nor the teacher was (be) satisfied with the exam result and they felt a little disappointed. 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④(应用文之建议信)不是困难本身，而是我们对待困难的态度决定着我们生活中的快乐与幸福。 It is not the difficulties but our attitude towards them that determines the joy and happiness in our lives. ⑤(应用文之建议信)当你选择度假地点时，你不应把注意力放在人满为患的旅游景点上，而应放在宁静的自然风景上。 When you choose a place to spend your holiday, you should focus not on crowded tourists spots but on peaceful natural scenery． [课后分层练18] (时间：45分钟　满分：80.5分) Ⅰ.单词拼写(每小题1分，共10分) 1．I can't thank you enough for your genuine (真正的) encouragement.Whenever I felt discouraged, you gave me the strength to keep going. 2．After a long­day workout, he felt a sharp pain in his waist (腰部) and decided to see a doctor. 3．The employee chose the candidate (申请者) as he has rich experience in project management. 4．He has to take on a part­time job because his salary (工资) can barely cover the basic living expensiveness. 5．The university offers various types of accommodation (住宿) to meet the different needs of students. 6．The journalist conducted an in­depth interview (采访) with the famous scientist to learn about his latest research findings. 7．The cultural festival held in our school last week highlighted (突出) the importance of cultural diversity. 8．As students, we have the responsibility to raise awareness about air pollution (污染) among the public. 9．He practiced speaking and writing English every day.Eventually (最终), he became fluent in the language and even won a speaking competition. 10．Our dream destination (目的地) for this summer vacation is Xi'an, where we can experience the unique blend of ancient traditions and modern technology. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每小题1分，共8分) 1．The applicant (apply) for the volunteer project submitted a heartfelt letter, explaining his deep passion for community service. 2．Our team leader said the deadline for this project is negotiable (negotiate) if we encounter unexpected difficulties. 3．The weather forecast shows that we'll have a favourable (favour) climate for our outdoor picnic this weekend. 4．In order to apply for the teaching job, you must have the necessary teaching qualification (qualify). 5．I genuinely (genuine) want to express my gratitude to my parents for sacrificing so much for my education. 6．She spent hours filling out the job application (apply), carefully typing in her work experience, educational background, etc. 7．The colorful advertisement (advertise) on the billboard caught my eye as I was driving past, which was promoting a new brand of sports shoes. 8．Only those who are qualified (qualify) in first aid should attempt to provide medical assistance in emergency situations. Ⅲ.完成句子(每小题2分，共10分) 1．我们参加了当地养老院的一项志愿者活动，活动内容包括打扫房间和与老人们聊天。 We participated in a volunteer activity in the local nursing home, which included cleaning up rooms and chatting with the elderly． 2．我想知道他今天早上开会为什么迟到那么久。也许他在路上遇到了紧急情况。 I wonder why he was so late for the meeting this morning．Maybe there was something urgent on his way. 3．你本应该在这学期初就制定一个学习计划的，那样会帮助你更高效地管理时间。 You should have made a study plan at the beginning of this semester, which would have helped you manage your time more efficiently. 4．当谈到你的学习时，你应该追求的不仅仅是取得好成绩，而是真正理解知识。 When it comes to your studies, you should aim for not just getting good grades, but truly understanding the knowledge． 5．你能否实现目标在很大程度上取决于你的毅力以及你每天所采取的行动。 Whether you will achieve your goals or not depends largely on your perseverance and the actions you take every day. Ⅳ.课文语法填空(每空1.5分，共15分) How would you like to spend six months living on an island and looking after the Great Barrier Reef? Key duties include 1 exploring (explore) the islands of the reef and finding out what the area has to offer.You'll need to report back via weekly blogs, photo diaries and video updates.You'll also be asked 2 to promote (promote) the islands through newspapers, magazines and TV interviews. It was actually a very clever means 3 to highlight (highlight) the importance of the Great Barrier Reef and the need to protect it.Located off the coast of North­east Australia, it is the largest living thing on the planet.It is made up of living coral 4 growing (grow) on dead coral.But this unique and delicate place is now under threat from pollution and climate change. To get this job, the candidates had to make a short video 5 showing (show) how much they knew about the reef.Out of the thousands of applicants, eleven were selected.Eventually, the job 6 was offered (offer) to Ben Southall from the UK. In addition to blogging, taking photos and writing articles about the reef, he made a number of appearances on television 7 to argue (argue) in favour of its defence.He also worked as a presenter for the National Geographic Channel, before 8 going (go) on to write a book about his experiences.Ben later joked that the job should have been advertised as the “busiest job in the world”！ The most important thing was that people became aware of the beauty of the ocean.What's more, they came to understand the delicate balance 9 that the environment exists in and what can, and must, be done to protect the reef.That way, it will remain a safe habitat for wildlife, as well as a dream destination for the millions of tourists 10 who visit it each year. Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共10分) (2025·山西晋城高二上期中)When Sarah was a child, she loved visiting the beach near her home, collecting seashells and observing ocean life.She was fascinated by the bright colors and various forms of life she found in the tide pools.As she grew older, Sarah began to wonder if she could help protect these important ecosystems from environmental damage. After studying ocean biology and environmental science in college, Sarah returned to her childhood love for the ocean.Now with new questions in mind：How can we reduce plastic waste in the sea? What measures can protect endangered ocean animals? With the right research and protection efforts, she thought, maybe she could make a difference.She decided to focus her career on protecting the ocean. Sarah's first major project was to start a program to clean up plastic waste from local beaches.She organized a team of volunteers, worked with the local government, set up recycling bins, and held educational workshops．After months of effort, the beaches were noticeably cleaner, and the community became more aware of the importance of recycling. Over the years, Sarah has successfully led many projects.She started a project to protect coral reefs by promoting eco­friendly tourism practices and established a care center for injured sea turtles.One of her most challenging projects was a partnership with an international group to reduce ocean acid (酸性的) levels through creative methods. “Environmental care” is what Sarah calls her approach.“The ocean is a valuable resource that supports life on Earth，” she says.“By working together and using science and education, we can protect it for future generations.” [语篇解读]本篇是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了 Sarah从小对海洋生物充满好奇，通过学习海洋生物学和环境科学，投身于海洋保护事业中，领导了许多成功的保护项目。 1．What can be inferred about Sarah's early interest in ocean life? A．It delayed her decision to choose a career path. B．It was just for fun and had no long­term impact. C．It made her interested in tourism and ocean animals. D．It led her to seek a career focused on ocean conservation. 解析：选D。推理判断题。从第一段可知 Sarah 小时候就热爱海洋生物，第二段提到她大学学习海洋生物学和环境科学后，决定将职业生涯专注于保护海洋。由此推断出，她早期对海洋生物的兴趣促使她选择了以海洋保护为重点的职业。故选D。 2．What was one of Sarah's most difficult projects? A．Lowering ocean acid levels. B．Starting a sea turtle care center. C．Promoting eco­friendly tourism. D．Reducing plastic waste on beaches. 解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第四段中的 “One of her most challenging projects was a partnership with an international group to reduce ocean acid (酸性的) levels through creative methods.” 可知，她最具挑战性的项目之一是与国际组织合作通过创新方法降低海洋酸性水平。故选A。 3．What does Sarah believe is key for ocean protection? A．Individual efforts. B．Science and education. C．Advanced technology. D．New laws and regulations. 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的 “By working together and using science and education, we can protect it for future generations.” 可知，Sarah 认为通过共同努力，运用科学和教育手段，能为后代保护海洋，所以她认为科学和教育是海洋保护的关键。故选B。 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Sarah's childhood hobbies and interests. B．Different methods of cleaning up ocean pollution. C．Sarah's career in ocean tourism and beach activities. D．The importance of protecting sea life and ecosystems. 解析：选D。主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了 Sarah 因对海洋生物的热爱，投身于海洋保护事业，开展了多个保护海洋生态系统和海洋生物的项目，强调了保护海洋生物和生态系统的重要性。D项：保护海洋生命和生态系统的重要性。最适合本文主题。故选D。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2025·安徽蚌埠高二上检测) World Oceans Day World Oceans Day on 8 June every year is a special day for learning about oceans, why they're in danger and how important it is to protect them. There are five oceans on Earth: the Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean, the Antarctic Ocean and the Arctic Ocean, of which the Pacific Ocean is the biggest and the Arctic Ocean is the smallest and is frozen for much of the year.1( ) 2( ) Oceans are home to 50 to 80 percent of all species on Earth.Oceans hold about 97 percent of all the water on our planet and give us rainwater and drinking water through the water cycle.At least half the oxygen we breathe comes from the plants in the ocean. 3( ) A lot of our food comes from oceans, and millions of people worldwide have jobs related to fishing and fish farming.Oceans also provide us with much of our energy.We can also use the power of waves and tides to produce electricity and many wind farms are located offshore. Sadly, our oceans are in danger.Billions and billions of pieces of plastic are floating around in our oceans.Plastic pollution is harming and killing sea creatures like fish, birds and turtles.4( ) That's because fish eat the tiny pieces of plastic and then humans eat the fish. For World Oceans Day you could join in many activities.5( ) You could use social media platforms to share posts, photos or videos that show how important oceans are and why we need to protect them.You could take part in a photo, art or writing contest around the theme of the ocean or watch ocean­related films and documentaries. A．You could do a beach clean­up. B．Without oceans, life couldn't exist. C．It's also dangerous for our health. D．Despite all its benefits, the ocean still needs support. E．But it is melting now because of global warming. F．Humans use the ocean in many different ways. G．We should work together to create a new relationship with oceans. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界海洋日，解释了地球上五大洋的情况、海洋的重要性、人类对海洋的利用、海洋面临的危险以及在世界海洋日可以参与的活动等内容。 1．解析：选E。设空处总结上文。前文刚提到北冰洋是最小的且一年中大部分时间处于冰冻状态，从逻辑上看，接下来很可能会进一步说明北冰洋目前的状况。E 项：但由于全球变暖，它现在正在融化。不仅与前文对北冰洋的描述紧密相连，还引出了海洋面临的环境问题这一话题。故选E。 2．解析：选B。设空处是段首句。此段详细阐述了海洋对地球上物种、水以及氧气的重要作用，这些都是生命存在所依赖的关键因素。B 选项 “没有海洋，生命就无法存在”，高度概括了海洋对于生命存在的基础性和不可或缺性，准确地总结了该段主旨。故选B。 3．解析：选F。设空处是段首句。该段具体列举了人类从海洋获取食物、能源，以及海洋为全球众多人提供与渔业相关工作等内容，这些都表明人类在多个方面对海洋进行利用。F 项：人类以许多不同的方式利用海洋。 能够很好地统领全段。故选F。 4．解析：选C。设空处承上启下。前文着重强调了塑料污染对海洋生物造成的危害，而后文指出人类因食用受污染的鱼而受到影响。C 项：这对我们的健康也很危险。既承接了上文塑料污染对海洋生物的危害，又引出下文对人类健康的影响，起到了承上启下的作用。故选C。 5．解析：选A。设空处承上启下。前文提及在世界海洋日可以参加多种活动，后文列举了利用社交媒体、参加比赛、观看相关影片等活动。A 项：你可以进行海滩清洁活动。同样是世界海洋日的活动之一，与前后文关于世界海洋日活动的内容相契合。故选A。 Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) (2025·山东淄博高二上期末)It was late October in 1997.Mike Coots was surfing with his friends near his home in Hawaii when he was 1 by a shark.As Mike struggled to swim back, he 2 his lower right leg was gone. 3 ， his friends rushed to his aid and drove him to hospital. For the next few weeks, Mike spent time with his family and 4 the future.As soon as Mike was given the OK by his doctors, he did what many of us might consider 5 ： he started riding the waves again.In fact, his first time back was near the 6 of the attack.But Mike was unshaken.Instead, he was curious and tried to 7 why he was attacked. His 8 led him to research sharks, and he did learn something that would 9 his life: Humans are far more 10 to sharks than the other way around.About 70 million sharks a year are killed for their fins on tables alone.His unique situation as a shark 11 empowered him to give sharks a voice.He 12 with other like­minded shark attack survivors and biologists, to create a nationwide 13 protecting sharks. After the attack, Mike also 14 how much he loved photography, and it has become his 15 ．He enjoys using his photos to show sharks are important part of biodiversity. [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Mike Coots在夏威夷冲浪时被鲨鱼袭击，康复后他重新开始冲浪并研究鲨鱼，与他人合作发起保护鲨鱼运动，此外他还把对摄影的热爱发展为职业。 1． A．searched B．attacked C．guided D．threatened 解析：选B。Mike Coots和朋友在夏威夷的家附近冲浪时被鲨鱼袭击(attacked)。结合后文第7空后的“why he was attacked”，可知他受到了鲨鱼的袭击。故选B。 2． A．guessed B．imagined C．predicted D．realized 解析：选D。当Mike挣扎着游回来时，他意识到(realized)他的右小腿不见了。故选D。 3． A．Fortunately B．Obviously C．Undoubtedly D．Surprisingly 解析：选A。幸运的是(fortunately)，他的朋友们赶来帮助他，并开车把他送到了医院。故选A。 4． A．compared B．identified C．considered D．suspected 解析：选C。在接下来的几个星期里，面对目前自己的身体情况，Mike花时间和家人一起考虑(considered)未来。 5． A．unthinkable B．uncomfortable C．unfair D．unhappy 解析：选A。得到医生的批准后，Mike做了一件我们许多人可能无法想象的事：他又开始冲浪了。虽然失去了一条腿，但Mike又开始冲浪了，这是我们许多人可能无法想象的事。故选A。 6． A．condition B．environment C．background D．spot 解析：选D。事实上，他第一次回归是在袭击地点(spot)附近。故选D。 7． A．carry out B．figure out C．point out D．call out 解析：选B。相反，他很好奇，并试图弄清楚(figure out)他为什么会被袭击。故选B。 8． A．anxiety B．independence C．curiosity D．confidence 解析：选C。他的好奇心(curiosity)促使他研究鲨鱼，他确实学到了一些改变他生活的东西：人类对鲨鱼的危险远比鲨鱼对人类的危险大得多。故选C。 9． A．change B．continue C．challenge D．lose 解析：选A。他了解到的事情改变了(changed)他的生活。故选A。 10．A．puzzling B．important C．massive D．dangerous 解析：选D。仅为了餐桌上的鱼翅，每年就有大约7 000万条鲨鱼被捕杀，因此人类对鲨鱼而言更危险(dangerous)。故选D。 11．A．fighter B．survivor C．hunter D．consumer 解析：选B。作为一名鲨鱼幸存者(survivor)，他的独特处境使他有能力为鲨鱼发声。 12．A．discussed B．exchanged C．partnered D．debated 解析：选C。他与其他志同道合的鲨鱼袭击幸存者和生物学家合作，发起了一项全国性的保护鲨鱼运动。 13．A．motion B．connection C．situation D．argument 解析：选A。他们发起了一个全国性的行动(motion) 来保护鲨鱼。 14．A．appreciated B．doubted C．decided D．discovered 解析：选D。这次袭击之后，Mike也发现(discovered)自己是多么热爱摄影，摄影已经成为了他的职业。 15．A．reaction B．profession C．observation D．version 解析：选B。Mike用自己的照片展示鲨鱼对生物多样性的重要意义，因此是把摄影作为职业(profession)。故选B。 Section Ⅳ　Writing—Writing a job advertisement 本单元的写作任务是撰写一则招聘广告。招聘广告主要是用于公布招聘信息的广告。招聘广告的主题应简明扼要、清晰明了；内容要全面，务必涵盖标题、公司简介、招聘人数、岗位职责、任职条件、薪酬福利等主要内容，而不能只写其中的一两条。 Ⅰ.谨记写作范式 Ⅱ.积累话题素材 1．招聘广告标题部分常用表达 职位＋Needed/Wanted 2．招聘广告正文部分常用表达 ①...is/are in great need of/starving for/looking for... ②The applicants/candidates should be aged from...to... ③College/University graduates with 3 years' experience in...are needed/necessary/essential. ④The applicants should possess a bachelor's/master's/doctor's degree majoring in... ⑤Fluent English in both written and spoken communication is necessary. ⑥The salary is negotiable. ⑦We provide summer and winter holidays with salary. ⑧Accommodations and meals are provided. 3．招聘广告结尾部分常用表达 ①We provide not only a job，but a career in... ②Our address is... ③Those who are interested in the job/If anyone is interested in the job，please get in touch with/please contact... ④Tel.：... Mobile phone：... ⑤We are always here honestly looking forward to your coming. 假设你校校报急需在校内招聘一名学生担任英文编辑，请你以学生会的名义，以“English Editor Wanted” 为题，用英语写一则招聘启事。要点如下： 1．工作内容：从英文报纸、杂志及互联网中选择适合学生阅读的文章；挑选和编辑同学们的来稿。 2．要求：乐于贡献出一些业余时间为同学们服务；擅长英文、美术；能熟练使用电脑。 3．请感兴趣的同学在本周内与学生会联系。 注意：写作词数应为80左右。 English Editor Wanted 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Step 1　审题谋篇·定框架 审人称 以第一、二人称为主 审时态 以一般现在时为主 定框架 第一段：这份工作的内容； 第二段：对申请者的条件要求； 第三段：申请时间和联系方式。 Step 2　要点翻译·用佳句 1．我们校报正在广告招聘一位英文编辑。 Our school newspaper is advertising for an English editor． 2．工作内容主要包括两个方面。 The job mainly includes two parts． 3．一方面是从英文报纸、杂志及互联网中选择适合学生阅读的文章。 One part is to choose articles from English newspapers, magazines or the Internet.These articles are suitable for students. [升级]　用形容词短语作后置定语把这两句合并为一句话 One part is to choose articles suitable for students from English newspapers，magazines or the Internet. 4．另一方面是从我校同学们的来稿中挑选合适的稿件并进行编辑，以供使用。 The other is to pick out suitable articles from students in our school and edit them for use. 5．我们希望应聘者能够符合以下条件。 We hope that the applicant could qualify the following requirements． 6．首先，你应该乐于贡献出一些业余时间为其他人服务。 First, you should prefer to devote some spare time to serving others． 7．其次，你应该擅长英文和美术。 Second, you should be good at both English and art． [升级]　用“it is...for sb.to do sth.”改写 Second，it is necessary for you to be good at both English and art. 8．并且，熟练使用电脑的能力也很重要。 What's more, the ability to use the computer skillfully is important as well. 9．想申请该职位的同学请在本周与学生会联系。 No matter who wants to apply for this position, please get in touch with the Students' Union this week. Step 3　连句成篇·达美文 English Editor Wanted Our school newspaper is advertising for an English editor.The job mainly includes two parts.One part is to choose articles suitable for students from English newspapers, magazines or the Internet.The other is to pick out suitable articles from students in our school and edit them for use. We hope that the applicant could qualify the following requirements.First，you should prefer to devote some spare time to serving others.Second，it is necessary for you to be good at both English and art.What's more，the ability to use the computer skillfully is important as well. No matter who wants to apply for this position，please get in touch with the Students' Union this week. The Students' Union 主题：自然奇观 情感描写 1．pride 　　 　　 n.自豪 2．achievement n．成就 3．genuine adj.真的，真正的 4．a sense of pride and achievement　 自豪感和成就感 5．at one's leisure 空闲时，休闲地 动作描写 1．wander v.徘徊 2．disturb v．打扰；扰乱 3．advertise v．(为 ……)做广告(宣传) 4．negotiate v．协商；谈判 5．be about to do 正要做 …… 6．work on 从事，致力于 7．catch one's eye　 引起某人的注意 8．make sure 确保 9．protect...from... 保护 ……不受 …… 10．look after 照顾，照料 11．find out 查明，弄清 12．highlight the importance of 突出 ……的重要性 人物描写 1．applicant n.申请人 2．operator n．操作员；经营者 3．candidate n．申请者 4．qualification n.技能条件；资格 5．delicate adj.脆弱的 [语段情景用]　去年夏天，我游览了雄伟壮丽的黄山。当我开始登山时，即将领略大自然的奇观 …… Last summer, I visited the magnificent Huangshan Mountain.As I started climbing, 1.I was about to experience nature's wonder (即将领略大自然的奇观).The delicate beauty of the pine trees along the path 2.caught my eye immediately (立刻吸引了我的目光).I wandered among them, feeling a sense of peace.During the hike, I met an operator who told me how they worked on maintaining the trails.I 3.was proud to see the efforts (看到这些努力很自豪) made to protect the environment from pollution.At one point, I sat at my leisure on a rock, looking out at the sea of clouds.I truly felt 4.a sense of pride and achievement (一种自豪感和成就感), knowing I was witnessing such extraordinary scenery.It was an unforgettable journey that 5.highlighted the importance of (突显了 ……的重要性) preserving these natural treasures. 单元过关检测卷(六) [Unit 6] (满分：120分　时间：100分钟) 第一部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A (2025·四川威远中学高二上检测) The Most Beautiful Seas in the World Considering the most beautiful seas, it's worth paying attention to the southern water bodies, although, without doubt，each sea is attractive and charming in its own way. The most beautiful sea in the world—Coral Sea If we consider the beauty of the seas, and not their coasts, then the first place should be given to the Coral Sea.The Coral Sea is a dangerous place for sailors, and at the same time one of the most beautiful places for diving, and all this is due to the unique coral reefs that are at its bottom. The second place—Red Sea The Red Sea is a truly magnificent place.It has rich fish stocks, a huge number of amazing creatures live in it, and the underwater world is exceptionally rich.Many corals live only here, and divers are strictly forbidden to break them. The third place—Caribbean This is the warmest exotic(异域风情的)place where not only the sea but also the plants on its coast please the eye.It's located between North and South America, and on its shore there are a number of small countries.Many tourists come here, because rest here is inexpensive，and you can experience different cultural traditions. The fourth place—Bali Sea The Bali Sea is located in the Pacific Ocean.This is another paradise for relaxation，receiving many tourists every season.The sea has a warm climate, creating ideal conditions for relaxing on the islands of Java, Sulawesi, Sumbawa, Madura. [语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了世界上最美丽的四大海：珊瑚海、红海、加勒比海、巴厘海。 1．For which group of people is the Coral Sea most suitable? A．Visitors hoping for beautiful and relaxing coasts. B．Swimmers looking for the best swimming pools. C．Professional divers with advanced equipment. D．Young sailors hoping to find unique coral reefs. 解析：选C。推理判断题。根据The most beautiful sea in the world—Coral Sea部分中第二句话的描述：珊瑚海对水手来说是一个危险的地方，同时也是潜水最美丽的地方之一，而这一切都归功于海底独特的珊瑚礁。可推断出配备先进设备的专业潜水员最适合去珊瑚海。故选C。 2．Where should you go if you like various sea creatures? A．Coral Sea. B．Red Sea. C．Caribbean. D．Bali Sea. 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据The second place—Red Sea部分中第一句话的描述：红海是一个真正壮丽的地方。它有丰富的鱼类种群，存活着大量令人惊叹的生物，水下世界异常丰富。可知如果你喜欢各种各样的海洋生物，你应该去红海。故选B。 3．Why do many visitors come to the Caribbean? A．To appreciate different cultures with less cost. B．To look for more corals and the best places to dive. C．To admire how volcanoes erupt in a short distance. D．To relax on the islands of Java, Sulawesi and so on. 解析：选A。推理判断题。根据The third place—Caribbean部分的最后一句话的描述：许多游客来到这里，因为在这里放松价格不贵，并且可以体验不同的文化传统。可推断出，许多游客来到加勒比海是为了以更低的成本欣赏不同的文化。故选A。 B (2025·辽宁五校高二上期末) A native of Florida, U．S, Hannah Herbst, 17, uses water power to deal with energy poverty.Herbst has risen to fame with the development of BEACON, an ocean energy probe that seeks to offer a stable power source to developing countries by using untapped energy from ocean currents. She told Teen Vogue, “I was really involved in theater and athletics and I'm still really into those things.When I was in the seventh grade, I was put into a summer camp.The minute I got there I realized that I was the only girl in the program.I wanted to quit at that moment.But my dad told me, ‘Just try it.’ I tried it for that day and it changed my life.” “At the camp, we started building the robots, which was something I had never done before but many of the boys had, and I realized it was a platform for problem­solving.We were solving simple tasks like how to push a robot off a platform.Learning from my partners as well as online articles about how to program and build was really interesting to me，” said Herbst. Later that year, she received a letter from her pen pal, Ruth, who lived in Ethiopia, and learned that she was living in energy poverty with minimal access to electricity and medical supplies.“I knew that I wanted to do something to help, so I created BEACON.” she said. The device is made from 90% recycled materials easily found throughout the world, including 2­liter bottles and recycled spoons.It costs D|S12 to make and can produce enough electricity to power an LED light.Hannah imagines BEACON being used in developing countries to power pumps for fresh water and she is working on polishing it to get it available to people all over the world. [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了汉娜·赫斯特利用海洋能源解决能源贫困问题的故事。 4．What can we know about Hannah Herbst in the second and third paragraphs? A．She just liked to learn how to build robots. B．She wanted to stay here because she is the only girl. C．She learned at least two techniques during the camp. D．She was attracted to the summer camp right from the start. 解析：选C。在第三段中，Herbst 提到在营地 “Learning from my partners as well as online articles about how to program and build was really interesting to me”，可知她在营地学到了编程(program)和建造(build)至少两种技能，C 选项正确。 5．How did Hannah Herbst feel after she received a letter from her pen pal? A．Indifferent. B．Shocked. C．Light­hearted. D．Sympathetic. 解析：选D。根据第四段开头的描述：可知，汉娜·赫斯特在收到笔友的来信后，了解到笔友生活在能源匮乏的环境中，这让她感到同情，并决定制作BEACON来帮助解决这个问题。故选D。 6．What can we learn about BEACON from the article? A．It costs 12 dollars each and still remains to be improved. B．It is recyclable and available to people across the world. C．It has been used in developing countries to power pumps. D．The electricity it generates can be used with many traditional lamps. 解析：选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段第二、三句话的描述：它的制造成本为12美元，并能产生足够的电力来驱动一盏LED灯。汉娜设想，BEACON可以在发展中国家用于为淡水泵提供动力，她正在对其进行改进，以便让全世界的人都能使用它。可知，它每个造价12美元，仍需改进。故选A。 7．Which section in the magazine might this passage come from? A．Affairs. B．Personage. C．Science. D．Economics. 解析：选B。推理判断题。文章主要讲述了 Hannah Herbst 的个人经历，她从参加夏令营获得启发，到为帮助笔友解决能源贫困问题而发明 BEACON，所以文章可能来自杂志的人物(Personage)板块。故选B。 C (2025·湖北鄂东南高二上期末)More and more researchers are using artificial intelligence (AI) to monitor biodiversity and assist endangered species.Different from conventional methods that can damage ecosystems or require considerable time, labor and resources, AI has the potential to quickly and effectively analyze vast quantities of real­world data. Ecologist Jörg Müller at the University of Würzburg, Germany, and his colleagues have shown that AI tools can help to quantify biodiversity in tropical forests by identifying animal species from audio recordings.“Our results demonstrate that AI is ready for more comprehensive species identification，” says Müller.“All that is needed now is more training data collected by humans.” AI is imperfect, but it could speed up important discoveries, says Nicolas Miailhe, Paris­based founder of The Future Society, an international non­profit organization that aims to better govern AI.“We badly need human specialists to design models, as well as collect, label, check and interpret data，” he says. Researchers at Conservation AI, a UK­based non­profit organization in Liverpool that uses AI technology for various ecology projects, have developed models that can search through footage and images from drones (无人机) or camera traps to identify wildlife and track animal movements.So far, Conservation AI has processed more than 12.5 million images and detected more than 4 million individual animal appearances across 68 species.“The platform can process tens of thousands of images an hour, in contrast to humans who can do a few thousand at best，” says Paul Fergus, one of Conservation AI's lead researchers.“The speed at which AI processes data could allow conservationists to protect endangered species from sudden threats，” he adds. Miailhe is hopeful that AI can be routinely applied to real­world conservation efforts in the near future.“That's clearly the way to go，” he says.But he warns that AI consumes computing power, which ultimately has opposite effects on ecosystems.“Environmental impact assessments should be at the center of AI risk management，” he says. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲科学家们如今正在使用人工智能分析大量生态数据，利用人工智能的强大功能来保护生物多样性。 8．Which aspect of AI attracts ecological researchers most? A．Its information­accessing speed. B．Its data­processing capability. C．Its environmental friendliness. D．Its computing accuracy. 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第一段第二句话的描述：可知，与传统方法相比，人工智能能够快速有效地分析大量现实世界的数据，其数据处理能力吸引了生态研究人员。故选B。 9．What does Müller think is needed for AI to be more helpful? A．More images of animals. B．More information of audio recordings. C．More complicated tests. D．More data of tropical forests. 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句话：现在所需要的就是人类收集更多的训练数据。可知，Müller认为，人工智能要想发挥更大作用，需要人们用更多收集到的数据来训练它，而本段第一句提到 AI 是通过音频来识别动物种类的，所以Müller认为人工智能需要更多的录音信息才能更有帮助。故选B。 10．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A．Conservation AI's comment on its AI platform. B．AI platforms' principle of species identification. C．AI models' advantages in ecological conservation. D．AI's potential for providing quick­response measures. 解析：选C。主旨大意题。第四段提到 Conservation AI 开发的模型能通过无人机或隐蔽相机的镜头和图像识别野生动物并追踪动物活动，还指出该平台每小时能处理成千上万张图像，而人类最多只能处理几千张，强调了人工智能模型在生态保护方面处理数据速度快的优势，所以 C项：人工智能模型在生态保护方面的优势。故选C。 11．What is Miailhe's attitude toward using AI for ecological conservation? A．Optimistic. B．Doubtful. C．Objective. D．Negative. 解析：选C。观点态度题。Miailhe 一方面认为人工智能在不久的将来有望常规应用于实际的保护工作，“That's clearly the way to go”，表现出积极的态度；另一方面他也警告说人工智能消耗计算能力，最终会对生态系统产生负面影响，“But he warns that AI consumes computing power, which ultimately has opposite effects on ecosystems.”，所以他的态度是客观的。故选C。 D (2025·江西八校协作体高二上检测)A mysterious phenomenon first observed in 2013 in a remote part of the Pacific Ocean appeared so unbelievable.Sensor readings seemed to show that oxygen was being made on the seabed 4，000 meters below the surface. “I told my students to put the sensors back in the box.We shipped them back to the producer and got them tested because I thought they had given us nonsense，” said Andrew Sweetman, a professor at the Scottish Association for Marine Science.“And every single time the producer came back: ‘They're working accurately.’” Photosynthetic organisms (光合生物) such as plants and algae use sunlight to produce oxygen that cycles into the ocean depths, but previous studies conducted in the deep sea have shown that oxygen is only consumed, not produced, by the organisms that live there.Now, the team's research was challenging this long­held assumption, finding oxygen produced without photosynthesis. Sweetman first made the unexpected observation that “dark oxygen” was being produced on the seafloor while assessing marine biodiversity in an area that's used for mining potato­size polymetallic nodules (多金属结核).Metals contained in the nodules are in high demand for use in solar panels, electric car batteries and other green technology. The team took some of the samples of polymetallic nodules back to study in the lab to try to understand exactly how oxygen was being produced.Working with scientists at Northwestern University, Dr.Sweetman discovered that the nodules produce a small amount of electricity.When the nodules are close together, they create enough electricity to produce the oxygen. The discovery raises more concerns about deep­sea mining.Craig Smith from the University of Hawaii said he favored a pause on mining the nodules.Early attempts at mining efforts in the zone in the 1980s provided a warning.“In 2016 and 2017, marine biologists visited sites that were mined in the 1980s and found not even bacteria had recovered in mined areas，” said Smith.“In unmined regions, however, there are many species of sea life.” [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了太平洋海底“暗氧”的发现及影响。 12．Why did Sweetman send the sensors back to the producer? A．He broke them by accident. B．He didn't need them anymore. C．He thought they were out of order. D．He wanted to replace them with the latest ones. 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第二段的描述可知，Sweetman 认为传感器给出的数据是无意义的，即他觉得传感器出故障了，所以把它们寄回生产商检测。故选C。 13．According to the text, the team succeeded in . A．inventing electric car batteries B．producing oxygen in the deep ocean C．creating polymetallic nodules in the lab D．proving the long­held assumption wrong 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第三段的描述：现在，该团队的研究正在挑战这一长期存在的假设，即发现了在没有光合作用的情况下产生氧气的现象。团队发现了无氧光合作用产生氧气，挑战了深海中生物只消耗氧气不产生氧气这一长期以来的假设，也就是证明了这个长期以来的假设是错误的。故选D。 14．What is Craig Smith's attitude to deep­sea mining? A．Favorable. B．Opposed. C．Unconcerned. D．Unclear. 解析：选B。观点态度题。根据最后一段 “Craig Smith from the University of Hawaii said he favored a pause on mining the nodules” 以及他提到 20 世纪 80 年代采矿区域生物恢复情况差，而未开采区域有很多海洋生物，可知 Craig Smith 支持暂停开采多金属结核，即他对深海采矿持反对态度。故选B。 15．What is the best title for the text? A．New Research on the Indian Ocean B．Dark Oxygen Was Found on the Seafloor C．Is It Important for Us to Protect Sea Life? D．A Mysterious Study on Green Technology 解析：选B。主旨大意题。文章围绕在太平洋海底 4 000 米处发现氧气产生这一神秘现象展开，介绍了其发现、研究过程以及这一发现对深海采矿的影响，B 选项 “在海底发现暗氧”能够概括文章主要内容，作为标题最合适。故选B。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 (2025·河南驻马店高二上期中)When it comes to the benefit of volunteering, a lot of people think it's all about the warm feeling after helping someone.As is known, charity work requires a wide variety of people to do a wide variety of things.16( )．It means that there are some surprising benefits for volunteers.For example, volunteering： ◆Teaches you new skills From helping making websites to teaching immigrant kids your native language, or to arranging events for charity, volunteering can really be almost anything.It means that when you get involved in charity work, a lot of the time you will face challenges.17( )． ◆Can teach you what truly matters It's a great way to find new perspectives (角度) on life.When you've been at it for a while, you just might find yourself reevaluating your advantages.18( ).One of my friends went from wanting to be a lawyer to discovering a true passion for teaching. ◆19( ) Maybe it's not so surprising, but what might surprise you is how genuine these friends are.Some of my long­term friends are people I've met through volunteering.I'm not the kind of guy that makes friends purely for connections, but sometimes it's very convenient to have a broad network. Summed up in one line: volunteering helps you grow.20( )．You meet a very wide variety of people you don't have a lot in common with.You learn to get along with people involved in many different walks of life.You learn to know what you are to do.So if you've ever considered volunteering, what are you waiting for? A．Helps you make new friends B．Can help improve social skills C．You might even decide on a completely new path to take in life D．As it turns out, that's far from the only benefit E．Volunteering helps you look outside yourself and your problems F.Through overcoming the challenges, you learn completely new skills G．Not only as a person, but it helps you develop your skill set as well [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文，介绍了志愿活动的好处。 16．解析：选D。设空处承上启下。前文提到很多人认为志愿服务的好处只是帮助别人后的温暖感觉，后文又说志愿服务还有一些令人惊讶的好处，所以这里需要一个过渡句来表明前文观点的不全面。D选项“事实证明，这远不是唯一的好处。”符合语境，起到承上启下的作用。故选D。 17．解析：选F。设空处承接上文。此段小标题是 “Teaches you new skills”，前文提到参与慈善工作会面临挑战，F 选项 “通过克服这些挑战，你会学到全新的技能”，既承接了前文的 “face challenges”，又与小标题 “学习新技能” 相呼应。故选F。 18．解析：选C。设空处承上启下。该段主要讲志愿服务能让人找到生活的新视角，重新评估自己的优势。后文举例说作者的一个朋友从想当律师转变为对教学有热情，C 选项 “你甚至可能决定在生活中走上一条全新的道路” 符合语境，能很好地衔接上下文。故选C。 19．解析：选A。设空处是小标题。根据后文 “Some of my long­term friends are people I've met through volunteering.” 可知，这一段主要讲述志愿服务能帮助结交新朋友，A 选项 “Helps you make new friends.” 作为小标题符合文意。故选A。 20．解析：选G。设空处承上启下。前文说 “volunteering helps you grow”，后文从与不同人相处、学会做事等方面进一步阐述志愿服务对个人成长的帮助，G 选项 “不仅作为一个人成长，它还帮助你发展你的技能”，既承接了前文的 “helps you grow”，又引出后文对成长的具体阐述。故选G。 第二部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 (2025·黑龙江哈九中高二上期末)Scuba diving (戴水肺游水) is certainly a life­changing recreational activity, Inaki, a professional diver, was offering lessons to other divers. During his 21 with four divers, several sharks appeared.One of them caught his 22 because of the net attached to its mouth.Others would be 23 of the shark's presence but Inaki bravely approached the underwater creature to 24 its condition.“I realized that shark was in real 25 ．I thought it needed my assistance，” the diving instructor said. With an admirable mindset, Inaki made time for the shark and helped it 26 the fishing net.He started by grabbing the rope coming from the net.Before he made his next move, Inaki assessed the shark's 27 ， and thankfully it did not act violently.The shark was completely 28 ， as if it knew that Inaki was the solution.It didn't go well at first but Inaki stayed 29 ．He looked out for his students and then 30 the mission after knowing they were safe. During the second 31 ， Inaki was so close to the shark that he could feel its shaking.It was desperate to be 32 from the fishing net.Without oral communication, Inaki and the shark successfully removed the net from its mouth.The animal swam 33 due to excitement—freedom was achieved, and it could swim without worries.While the team was celebrating and absorbing the 34 ， the shark suddenly returned.It came back to express thankfulness—to 35 the kindness shown by a human. [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了专业潜水员Inaki在一次潜水教学中偶遇被渔网缠住的鲨鱼，他帮助其摆脱困境的故事。体现了人与动物之间的和谐与互助。 21．A．session B．conflict C．appointment D．competition 解析：选A。在他的与四名潜水员的一次潜水活动中，几条鲨鱼出现了。 session(活动、工作等的)一段时间，一场。故选A。 22．A．imagination B．feeling C．attention D．breath 解析：选C。其中一只鲨鱼因为它的嘴上缠绕着渔网而引起了他的注意。固定搭配catch one's attention符合语境。故选C。 23．A．convinced B．frightened C．reminded D．tired 解析：选B。其他人都会害怕鲨鱼的出现，但Inaki勇敢地靠近这个水下生物去检查它的状况。此处与Inaki的行为形成对比，表示其他人面对鲨鱼时会感到害怕。故选B。 24．A．stimulate B．improve C．guarantee D．check 解析：选D。鲨鱼的嘴上缠绕着渔网，Inaki靠近鲨鱼是为了检查(check)它的状况。故选D。 25．A．trouble B．place C．progress D．control 解析：选A。我意识到鲨鱼真的遇到麻烦(trouble)了。我认为它需要我的帮助。故选A。 26．A．repair B．cast C．remove D．locate 解析：选C。鲨鱼遇到了麻烦，且是因为渔网，所以Inaki想要帮助它移除渔网。故选C。 27．A．reaction B．strength C．purpose D．prospect 解析：选A。在他做出下一步动作之前，Inaki评估了鲨鱼的反应(reaction)。故选A。 28．A．safe B．mad C．extinct D．cooperative 解析：选D。鲨鱼完全配合(cooperative)，好像它知道Inaki能帮助它解决该问题。鲨鱼好像知道Inaki要帮助它，说明它很配合Inaki。故选D。 29．A．hungry B．calm C．still D．warm 解析：选B。起初并不顺利，但Inaki没有慌乱，而是先确保学生们的安全，说明他保持了冷静(calm)。故选B。 30．A．met B．found C．continued D．introduced 解析：选C。他查看了学生们的情况，然后在知道他们安全后继续(continued)任务。故选C。 31．A．fight B．lesson C．training D．attempt 解析：选D。在第二次尝试(attempt)中，Inaki离鲨鱼很近，以至于他能感觉到它的颤抖。故选D。 32．A．caught B．freed C．selected D．transported 解析：选B。它渴望从渔网中被解救(freed)出来。故选B。 33．A．back B．together C．alone D．away 解析：选D。由于兴奋，这只动物游远了——它获得了自由，可以无忧无虑地游泳了。away“远离，离开”。符合语境。故选D。 34．A．encounter B．assignment C．appointment D．blow 解析：选A。当团队在庆祝并回味这次遭遇(enco$