UNIT 3 Faster, higher, stronger-【正禾一本通】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修1同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（外研版）

Xiaohe has a profound passion for sports, with table tennis holding a special place in her heart.One day, she participated in a crucial school tournament.The atmosphere was intense as she faced a tough opponent.Before the match, she was filled with self­belief and high expectations.She sharpened her skills and cooperated closely with her teammates.During the game, every footstep and every swing of the racket was vivid in her mind.She fought her way through and seized every opportunity. As the match reached its climax, Xiaohe's remarkable performance burst onto the scene.With a series of amazing shots, she defeated her opponent in a row.Her hard work finally paid off, and her dream of winning came true.This victory inspired many to follow in her footsteps and carry on the pursuit of their sporting dreams. Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas Step One　Lead­in If you were in Stephen Curry's situation, being doubted because of your physical conditions, what would you do to prove yourself? I would keep working hard on my skills, and focus on improving my weaknesses.I would also participate in as many games as possible to gain experience.Moreover, I would maintain a positive attitude and not let others' doubts affect me. Step Two　Read for the main idea Match the main idea with each paragraph. Para.1　 A．The poor­quality court helped Curry practise and sharpen skills creatively. Para.2 B．Selected for NBA in 2009, Curry led Warriors to 2015 championship. Para.3 C．Stephen Curry's grandfather built a simple and humble basketball hoop on a dirt road. Para.4 D．After consecutive MVP wins, Curry shared his philosophies about success, showing potential's limitlessness. Para.5 E．Despite doubts over his build, Curry pursued his dream and shone at Davidson． 答案：Para.1—C　Para.2—A　Para.3—E　Para.4—B　Para.5—D Step Three　Read for details Ⅰ.Read Para.1 carefully and do the following exercise. Where and how did Stephen Curry's grandfather build a simple basketball basket? He built a simple basketball basket along a narrow dirt road near the small town of Grottoes, Virginia, by attaching a piece of plastic to a telephone pole. Ⅱ.Read Para.2 carefully and do the following exercise. What did the poor­quality facilities on the muddy court force Stephen Curry to do? A．Give up playing basketball. B．Learn to play football instead. C．Adjust his playing style. D．Move to a better­equipped court. 答案：C Ⅲ.Read Para.3 carefully and do the following exercises. 1．Why did many people doubt Stephen Curry's basketball career? A．Because he was not interested in basketball. B．Because his father didn't support his dream. C．Because of his physical conditions. D．Because he didn't have enough talent. 2．Where did Stephen Curry play college basketball? A．At a famous large university far from his home. B．At a small, little­known school near his home. C．At a school in another state. D．At his father's alma mater (母校). 答案：1.C　2.B Ⅳ.Read Para.4 carefully and do the following exercise. What made Stephen Curry perform beyond everyone's expectations in the Golden State Warriors? His accurate shooting and continuous efforts made him perform beyond everyone's expectations. Ⅴ.Read Para.5 carefully and do the following exercise. What is Stephen Curry's philosophy according to the passage? A．Try to change the game completely. B．Follow others' advice to be a better player. C．Just be himself and work hard every day. D．Only focus on winning championships. 答案：C Step Four　Consolidation Discuss the following questions with your partners and present your answers to the class. 1．What can we learn from Stephen Curry's journey to success in terms of facing difficulties? 2．How can we apply Stephen Curry's philosophy of self­belief and hard work in our daily lives? Your presentation： Stephen Curry's story is inspiring.Despite doubts about his build, he didn't quit.Instead, he used them as motivation.We should learn from him, stay focused on goals, and persevere.In daily life, apply our self­belief and hard­work philosophy, be true to ourselves, and we'll achieve success. ◎ THE ROAD TO SUCCESS Near the small town of Grottoes, Virginia, a narrow dirt road goes from the house of Stephen Curry's grandfather to the woods nearby.A far cry from① the bright lights and shiny② courts of the National Basketball Association③ (NBA), [1]it was along this road that Stephen's grandfather built a simple basket by attaching④ a piece of plastic to a telephone pole． [1]本句为强调句型：it is/was＋被强调成分＋that＋句子其他成分。被强调部分是地点状语。 Like his father, basketball star Dell Curry, Stephen spent many childhood hours playing on this muddy⑤ basketball court⑥.He probably didn't realise it at the time, but it was [2]where he learnt to be creative and flexible⑦ as a player．You see, with every shot⑧，the weak plastic backboard⑨ gave way⑩.The bumps⑪ and rocks [3]that lined⑫ the road under the basket caused the ball to bounce⑬ in all directions⑭.[4]Knowing where the ball would go wasn't easy.He had to adjust his own playing style as a result.[5]Shooting with great accuracy⑮ was another thing he learnt.Only shots perfectly [6]aimed at its centre went into the heavy, thick basket.In this way, [7]practising day in and day out⑯ helped Stephen sharpen⑰ his skills. [2] 此处是where引导的表语从句，充当系动词was的表语； [3] 此处是关系代词that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词bumps and rocks； [4] [5][7]三个是动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用单数形式； [6] 此处是过去分词作后置定语，修饰shots。 [8]Despite his father's successful career, Stephen was thought by many people, including his high school teammates⑱ and coaches, to be too short, too thin and too weak to follow in his father's footsteps⑲. But Stephen carried on⑳.Playing basketball was his dream.He would not give up.He finally ended up playing㉑ college ball at a small, little­known school, Davidson College, not too far from where he lived.His creativity and perseverance made him Davidson's star player. [8] Despite引导介词短语作让步状语；主句谓语动词was thought是被动语态；“to be too short, too thin and too weak to follow in his father's footsteps”，这部分是 “too...to...”结构，表示 “太……而不能……”，作主语补足语。 [9]Selected for the NBA in 2009, Stephen joined the Golden State Warriors㉒.He performed beyond everyone's expectations㉓ with his accurate shooting and continuous efforts.In 2015, Stephen won his first NBA championship, and he led the Warriors to their first championship㉔ since 1975. [9]此处是过去分词短语作状语。 After receiving the Most Valuable Player award for two years in a row㉕, Stephen explained his philosophy㉖, “I never really set out to change㉗ the game...[10]What I wanted to do was just be myself...I know it inspires a lot of the next generation, a lot of people [11]who love the game of basketball to value㉘ the skill of it, value the fact that you can work every single day to get better.You've got to be able to put in the time and the work.That's how I got here.That's how I continue to get better every single day.” [12]Inspiring others to believe in themselves, Stephen Curry is living proof㉙ that what other people think of you does not have to influence what you become．Through self­belief㉚, hard work, perseverance and some help from an old hoop㉛, he has shown that anything is possible. [10] what引导主语从句； [11] 关系代词who引导定语从句，修饰先行词people； [12] 本句是一个复合句：逗号前的部分是现在分词作状语；that引导同位语从句，修饰说明proof的内容。 ◎ ①a far cry from 与……大不相同 ②shiny adj.光滑发亮的，闪光的 ③association n．协会，社团 ④attach vt.使依附；贴上；系上 attach...to...把……附在/贴在……上 ⑤muddy adj.沾满泥的，泥泞的 ⑥court n．球场；法庭；院子 ⑦flexible adj.灵活的；柔韧的；易弯曲的 ⑧shot n．投球，射球，击球 ⑨backboard n．篮板 ⑩give way倒塌，向下垮 ⑪bump n．隆起之处 ⑫line v．沿……排列 ⑬bounce v．(使)弹起，(使)反弹 ⑭in all directions朝四面八方 ⑮accuracy n．精确度，准确性 ⑯day in and day out日复一日 ⑰sharpen v．使提高，使改进 ⑱teammate n．队友 ⑲footstep n．脚步声，足迹 follow in one's footsteps仿效某人；继承某人(尤指家人)的事业 ⑳carry on继续 ㉑end up doing sth.最终…… ㉒warrior n．武士，战士 ㉓expectation n．预料，预期 beyond one's expectation(s)超出某人的预期 ㉔championship n．冠军地位 ㉕in a row连续地 ㉖philosophy n．人生哲学 ㉗set out to do sth.着手做某事 ㉘value v．重视，珍视 ㉙living proof生动的证明 ㉚self­belief n．自信 ㉛hoop n．(篮球中的)篮圈 ◎ 成功之路 在弗吉尼亚州的格罗托斯小镇附近，一条狭窄的土路从斯蒂芬·库里的祖父家延伸至附近的树林。这与美国男子职业篮球联赛(NBA)赛场上明亮的灯光和闪耀的球场相去甚远。正是在这条路上，斯蒂芬的祖父把一块塑料贴到电线杆上，建了一个简易篮筐。 与父亲戴尔·库里这位篮球明星一样，斯蒂芬的许多童年时光都是在这个泥泞的篮球场上度过的。尽管当时他可能并没有意识到，就是在这里他学会了如何成为一名有创造力、能够灵活变通的篮球运动员。要知道，每次投篮，不牢固的塑料篮板都摇摇欲坠。篮筐下的小路凹凸不平，布满了石块，篮球也因此弹向四面八方。能够判断出球反弹的方向并不容易，因此他不得不调整自己的打球方式。他在这里学到的另一项技能是精准的投篮技术。只有完美地瞄准中心，篮球才能进入厚重的篮筐。如此日复一日地练习，斯蒂芬的篮球技术变得炉火纯青。 尽管父亲的职业生涯很成功，但是斯蒂芬的高中队友和教练等很多人都认为他太矮太瘦弱，无法延续他父亲的荣耀。但斯蒂芬继续坚持打球。打篮球是他的梦想，他绝不会放弃。终于，斯蒂芬在规模不大且鲜为人知的戴维森学院成为一名大学篮球赛的球员，这所学院离他家不算远。斯蒂芬凭借自己的创造性和毅力成为戴维森学院的明星球员。 2009年，斯蒂芬入选NBA，加入了金州勇士队。凭借精准的投篮和不懈的努力，他的表现令人刮目相看。2015年，斯蒂芬赢得了他的第一个NBA总冠军，这也是他带领勇士队获得的自1975年以来的第一个冠军。 在连续两年获得“最有价值球员”奖后，斯蒂芬阐释了他的人生观：“我从未真正想过改变比赛……我只想做我自己……我知道这激励着很多后辈、很多热爱篮球比赛的人，让他们认识到技术的重要性，认识到你可以通过每天的不断努力而变得更好。你必须肯花时间和精力。这是我走到今天的方法，也是我每一天都能更进一步的原因。”斯蒂芬·库里激励着所有人去相信自己，他也生动地证明了别人对你的看法并不一定会影响你成为什么人。通过自信、勤奋、毅力，以及一只旧篮筐的帮助，他向人们证明了一切皆有可能。 association n．协会，社团；联系(联想：associate v．联想；联系→associated adj.相关联的，有联系的) 【教材原句】　A far cry from the bright lights and shiny courts of the National Basketball Association (NBA)... 这与美国男子职业篮球联赛(NBA)赛场上明亮的灯光和闪耀的球场相去甚远…… 【用法归纳】 (1)in association with... 与……联合/有关联 (2)associate...with... 把……与……联系起来 associate with sb. 与某人交往/联系 (3)be associated with... 和……有关 【佳句必背】　①The literature association in our school will hold a creative writing competition.We sincerely hope that you can participate.(应用文之邀请信) 我们学校的文学社团将举办一场创意写作比赛，我们诚挚地希望你能参赛。 ②She has always associated with artists and writers, which enriches her creative inspiration.(应用文之介绍信) 她总是和艺术家、作家交往，这丰富了她的创作灵感。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①(2023·全国甲卷) Once in a while I meet friends there and I spend a lot of time organising activities in different clubs or associations (association). ②The after­school activities associated (associate) with art and culture have always been popular among high school students. ③Teachers usually associate students' high grades with their hard work and good learning habits. 【写成佳句】　一句多译 ④春节与家庭团聚、美食佳肴以及热闹的庆祝活动紧密相连。 →The Spring Festival is closely associated with family reunions, delicious food and lively celebrations.(associated) →The Spring Festival is in close association with family reunions, delicious food and lively celebrations.(association) expectation n．预料，预期 (联想：expect v．预料；期待；认为→expected adj.预料的，预期的→unexpected adj.出乎意料的，始料不及的) 【教材原句】　 He performed beyond everyone's expectations with his accurate shooting and continuous efforts. 凭借精准的投篮和不懈的努力，他的表现令人刮目相看。 【用法归纳】 (1)live up to/meet one's expectation(s) 不负某人所望；达到某人的预期 beyond/out of one's expectation(s) 出乎某人的意料；超出某人的预期 in (the) expectation of 预料，期望…… (2)expect (sb.) to do sth. 预计/期望(某人)做某事 (3)be expected to do 被期待做…… It is expected that... 预计…… as expected 正如所料；不出所料 【佳句必背】　Your teachers and parents have great expectations of you, because they see your talent and know you can reach new heights.Trust in your abilities and keep moving forward.(应用文之建议信) 你的老师和父母对你寄予厚望，是因为他们看到了你的才华，知道你能达到新的高度。相信自己的能力，不要停下脚步。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①We students are expected to volunteer (volunteer) in the community library during weekends, helping the old men to read books. ②As expected (expect), she passed the entrance examination with good grades.Her hard work and dedication paid off. ③She practised hard every day in her spare time, in expectation of winning the competition. ④The little girl's courage in the face of danger was far beyond her parents' expectation.She remained calm and brave when in danger. 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ⑤只有这样，我们才能取得更好的成绩，不辜负父母和老师的期望。 Only in this way can we receive better results and live up to our parents' and teachers' expectations． ⑥预计英语演讲比赛将吸引众多热情的参赛者。 It is expected that the English speech contest will attract many enthusiastic participants. attach...to...把……固定(附、贴、系等)在……上；使……附属于……(to是介词) 【教材原句】　...it was along this road that Stephen's grandfather built a simple basket by attaching a piece of plastic to a telephone pole. ……正是在这条路上，斯蒂芬的祖父把一块塑料贴到电线杆上，建了一个简易篮筐。 【用法归纳】 (1)attach importance to... 重视…… (2)be attached to 附着/附属于；喜爱；爱上 (3)attachment n．依恋，爱慕；连接；附件 【佳句必背】　We are determined to attach great importance to water, paper, and electricity conservation, as well as tree­planting activities.(应用文之倡议书) 我们决心高度重视水资源、纸张和电力的节约，以及植树造林活动。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①(应用文之求助信) Would you please spare some time to review the draft script attached (attach) to this email and make necessary changes? ②When you send an e­mail, you can also send a sound or graphic file as an attachment (attach). ③The little girl is deeply attached to her teddy bear and takes it with her everywhere she goes. 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④(应用文之倡议书)为了使我们的星球变得更加宜居，我们应该高度重视环境保护。 To make our planet a better place to live in, we should attach great importance to protecting the environment． carry on 继续；坚持下去 【教材原句】　But Stephen carried on. 但斯蒂芬继续坚持打球。 【用法归纳】 carry on (with/doing) sth. 继续(做)某事 carry out 实行，执行；完成，实现 carry through 成功完成；使渡过难关 carry away 拿走，带走；冲走；使失去自制力 carry sb.back to (sth.) 使某人回想/回忆起(某事) 【佳句必背】　Don't be discouraged by the difficulties in writing essays.Carry on with your daily practice of writing a short passage, and your writing skills will improve significantly.(应用文之建议信) 不要因为写作文有困难就气馁。坚持每天练习写一小段文章，你的写作能力会显著提高的。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①Last week our school carried out a survey among students to find out their favorite after­school activities. ②Faced with so many difficulties in life, do remember that your inner strength and perseverance can carry you through． ③She carried on doing (do) her homework late into the night, determined to finish it before going to bed. 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④(读后续写之场景描写)她发现很难和他进行交谈，因为他似乎心不在焉，一直四处张望。 She found it hard to carry on a conversation with him because he seemed distracted and kept looking around. end up doing 以做某事而告终；最终做了某事 【教材原句】　He finally ended up playing college ball at a small, little­known school, Davidson College, not too far from where he lived. 终于，斯蒂芬在规模不大且鲜为人知的戴维森学院成了一名大学篮球赛的球员，这所学院离他家不算远。 【用法归纳】 end up with 以……结束；以……告终(后面接名词或名词短语，表示事情最终的结果状态) end up in 以(某种状态、情况)告终；结果是(处于某种不好的状态) end up as 最终成为(表达经过……后的最终结果) 【佳句必背】　(2024·浙江1月卷) He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades.It is so easy to let an online course slide, but your grades will suffer as a result.他指出，他的在线学生通常成绩较低。在线课程很容易让人松懈，但结果就是你的成绩会受到影响。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①(2023·全国乙卷)However, we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost missing (miss) the sunset entirely. ②He made it eventually, and his performance ended up with a storm of applause from the crowd. ③After getting on the wrong train by mistake, I ended up in a small and unfamiliar town far from my destination. ④He started as a simple office clerk, but through years of hard work, he ended up as a senior manager in the company. 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ⑤(应用文之建议信) 如果你一直拖延完成计划，最终你一整天都不会做成任何有意义的事。 If you keep delaying finishing your plan, you will end up doing nothing meaningful all day． set out 开始做，着手做；动身，出发 【教材原句】　I never really set out to change the game... 我从未真正想过改变比赛…… 【用法归纳】 set off 出发；动身；使爆炸；引发 set out to do sth.＝set about doing sth. 开始做某事；着手做某事 set aside 把……放在一旁；省出，留出(钱或时间) set up 建立；设立 set down 写下，记下 be set in 以……为背景；固定在 【佳句必背】　After gathering all the necessary supplies, the volunteers set out to clean up the park, determined to make it a cleaner and more enjoyable place for everyone.(应用文之活动介绍) 在收集好所有必需品后，志愿者们开始着手清理公园，决心让它成为一个更干净、更宜人的地方。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①It was kind of you to set aside half an hour every day from your busy schedule to teach me English. ②Early in the morning, the students set off for the local nursing home, bringing carefully prepared gifts with them. ③The novel is set in a small village in the 19th century, where people lived a simple and traditional life. ④As soon as he decided to learn a new language, he set about doing it with great enthusiasm. 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ⑤又一个世界地球日到来了，它的设立是为了引起人们对保护我们共同家园的关注。 Here comes another World Earth Day, which was set up to draw attention to protecting our shared home． too...to...太……而不能…… 【教材原句】　Despite his father's successful career, Stephen was thought by many people, including his high school teammates and coaches, to be too short, too thin and too weak to follow in his father's footsteps. 尽管父亲的职业生涯很成功，但是斯蒂芬的高中队友和教练等很多人都认为他太矮太瘦弱，无法延续他父亲的荣耀。 【用法归纳】 (1)“too＋adj./adv.(for sb.)＋to do sth.”意为 “(对某人来说)太……而不能做某事”，表示否定的意义。 (2)在 “too...to...”结构中，当too后接用来修饰人的态度、情绪倾向的形容词，如 anxious、eager、glad、happy、pleased、ready、willing 等时，不定式表示肯定意义，意为 “非常”。 (3)“can't/can never...too...” 意为 “再怎么……也不为过”。 【佳句必背】　We took part in her birthday party yesterday evening and the cake was too beautiful for us to eat at first sight.(应用文之日记)昨晚我们参加了她的生日聚会，那个蛋糕第一眼看上去太美了，让人舍不得吃。 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ①(应用文之道歉信) 我写信是为了向你道歉。上星期天我太忙了，没能参加你的生日聚会。 I'm writing to apologise to you.I was too busy to attend your birthday party last Sunday． ②她很高兴能有这次机会出国旅行。这一直是她的梦想。 She is too glad to have the opportunity to travel abroad．It has always been her dream. ③俗话说，活到老学到老。 As the saying goes, one is never too old to learn． ④你过马路时再怎么小心也不为过。 You can never be too careful to cross the road． ⑤这道数学题太复杂了，我自己解决不了，所以我需要你的帮助。 The maths problem is too complex for me to solve on my own, so I need your help. make＋宾语＋宾语补足语 【教材原句】　 His creativity and perseverance made him Davidson's star player. 斯蒂芬凭借自己的创造性和毅力成为戴维森学院的明星球员。 【用法归纳】 “make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”复合结构： (1)此结构中，宾语补足语可由名词或形容词、不带 to 的不定式、过去分词或介词短语充当。 (2)当该结构的宾语是不定式短语或从句时，多用 it 作形式宾语，而把不定式短语或从句后置。 (3)“make＋宾语＋do”变为被动语态时，do前要带to。用作宾语补足语的是表示官衔、职位的名词时，名词前不加冠词。 【佳句必背】　The beautiful scenery made the place a popular destination for tourists, which attracts people from all over the world.(应用文之推荐信) 美丽的风景使这个地方成为一个受游客欢迎的目的地，吸引了来自世界各地的人们。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①He couldn't make himself heard (hear) on the phone because the people around were talking too loudly. ② People in the West make it a rule to buy (buy) Christmas presents for their relatives and friends. ③In this factory, workers are made to wear (wear) safety helmets at all times to ensure their safety. 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④和友好的同学相处让在学校的每一天都很愉快。 Spending time with friendly classmates makes every day at school pleasant． ⑤(应用文之建议信)毫无疑问，你应该提前了解唐朝的历史，这样课程就能够顺利进行。 There is no doubt that you are supposed to know about the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance, which will make the course go smoothly． 1．shot A．n.投篮，射门　B．n.照片，电影的连续镜头　C.n.射击手　D．n.机会，可能性　E．n.尝试，努力 ①(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷) If you're willing to apply yourself, I think you have a good shot at this. D ②(2023·全国乙卷)To make some of my landscape shots, I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10­minute time frame. B ③The young shot showed great potential during the training, and the coach believed he would achieve good results in the future. C ④Messi made an amazing shot from outside the penalty area, leaving the goalkeeper with no chance to save it. A ⑤I don't think I can solve the math problem right now, but I'll give it a shot. E 2．写出句中加黑单词的汉语意思 ①We left the road, and again bumped over the mountainside.颠簸而行 ②Regular practice can sharpen your writing skill and help you express your idea more clearly.(使)提高，改善 ③Her long black hair bounced as she walked.(使)上下晃动 [课后分层练7] (时间：45分钟　满分：76分) Ⅰ.单词拼写(每小题1分，共8分) 1．The little boy bounced (使弹起) the ball on the playground, and the sound of the ball hitting the ground echoed around. 2．Working closely with my teammates (队友), I have learned how to combine our individual strengths to achieve common goals. 3．She quickened her footsteps (脚步) when she saw the dark clouds gathering in the sky, hoping to reach home before the rain started. 4．Developing self­belief (自信) is a long­term process that involves recognizing one's own strengths and learning from failures. 5．The only reason a warrior (战士) is alive is to fight, and the only reason a warrior fights is to win. 6．His philosophy (人生哲学) of life is simple yet profound: Always strive to be kind and help those in need. 7．The soccer player's powerful shot (射球) flew straight into the top corner of the goal, leaving the goalkeeper with no chance to make a save. 8．Be careful when you drive along this road, as there are some large bumps (隆起) caused by the recent construction work. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每小题1分，共8分) 1．The shiny new car parked in the driveway looked magnificent, and its headlights shone brightly in the darkness, like two bright eyes.(shine) 2．She met everyone's expectations with her outstanding performance, which was exactly what we expected from such a talented student.(expect) 3．Teachers tend to associate students' academic progress with consistent study habits, and this view is supported by the teachers' association．(associate) 4．The kids were having a great time playing in the mud．They ran around, laughing and shouting, their clothes and faces getting muddy quickly.(mud) 5．Before setting out on a long journey, it's crucial to check the map to ensure you're moving in the right direction (direct). 6．Students are always reminded to measure the chemicals with high accuracy (accurate), which is essential for the success of the experiments. 7．In art classes, students are given the freedom to express their creativity (create), allowing them to explore various art forms and styles. 8．Selected (select) as the team leader, he felt a great sense of responsibility and worked harder than ever before. Ⅲ.完成句子(每小题2分，共10分) 1．就是在学校图书馆里，我找到了我做研究需要的参考书。(强调句型) It was in the school library that I found the reference book I needed for my research. 2．上课认真做笔记不仅能帮你记住重要知识，还能让你课后更高效地复习。(动名词短语作主语) Taking notes carefully in class not only helps you remember important knowledge but also enables you to review more efficiently after class． 3．有些学生太沉迷于手机游戏，以至于无法专注于学习，这导致他们的学习成绩不断下滑。(too...to...结构) Some students are too addicted to mobile games to focus on their studies，which leads to a continuous decline in their academic performance. 4．被老师鼓舞人心的话语深深打动，学生们决定更加努力学习以实现目标。(过去分词短语作状语) Deeply moved by the teacher's inspiring words，the students decided to study harder to achieve their goals. 5．因为假期在不同的城市旅行，她逐渐认识到，体验不同文化可以开阔视野。(that引导同位语从句) Traveling around different cities during vacations, she gradually forms the belief that experiencing diverse cultures can broaden one's horizons． Ⅳ.课文语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) Near the small town of Grottoes, Virginia, there was a narrow dirt road 1 leading (lead) from the house of Stephen Curry's grandfather to the woods nearby.It was along this road 2 that Stephen's grandfather built a simple basket.Stephen spent many childhood hours 3 playing (play) on this muddy court.The weak plastic backboard and the bumps and rocks made 4 it hard for him to know where the ball would go.He had to adjust his style and shoot accurately. Although his father was a 5 successful (success) basketball star, Stephen was thought 6 to be (be) unfit for basketball by many people.But he carried 7 on．He played college ball at Davidson College.Later, he joined the Golden State Warriors.He performed well because he can shoot the ball 8 accurately (accurate).In 2015, he won his first NBA championship.After receiving the Most Valuable Player award, Stephen said he just wanted to be himself and inspire others.He shows that through self­belief and 9 perseverance (persevere), one can achieve anything.10 Inspiring (inspire) others to believe in themselves, Stephen proved that what other people think of you does not influence what you become. Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2025·江苏无锡高二上期末)Shanghai's 11­year­old sailor, Yang Jixin, has made a notable entry in the sailing records by completing the 2024 Rizhao­Qingdao Island Hopping Race, navigating (横渡) 66 nautical miles, around 77 miles in the ocean.Yang also set a new standard by being the youngest Chinese youth to complete such a long voyage. The race, which started on Aug.10 from the Rizhao World Sailing Base and ended at the Beijing Olympic Sailing Training Base in Qingdao on Aug.13, presented a series of challenges over its four­day sailing.Yang, the youngest national record­holder for kayaking (皮艇运动) across the Qiongzhou Strait, demonstrated her toughness and sailing skill among the hot and wet weather, periods of calm, headwinds, and the complex interference (干扰) of waves. The organizers took careful steps to ensure the safety of sailors, carrying out measures such as maritime rescue, medical support, and navigation monitoring throughout the event. Upon her arrival at the Silver Sea Yacht Marina in Qingdao, Yang was welcomed by several figures from the sailing community, including Dai Zhiqiang, a former member of the Chinese Olympic Committee, Vice Chairman of the China Yachting Association, and Principal of the National Sailing School.Their presence recognized the significance of her success. Dai greeted Yang with a congratulatory smile and rang the bell in her honor, a traditional mark of a successful sailing journey.His actions reflected the encouragement and support for the up­and­coming generation of sailors that Yang represents. Yang's achievement is more than a personal success.It's an inspiration for young sailors and it highlights the potential for future developments in the sport of sailing.By setting a new record for the youngest Chinese youth in long­distance sailing, she has opened doors for others to follow and has shown that age is no barrier to ambition and skill.Her journey across the waves will undoubtedly encourage others to map their courses, and to rise to the challenges that lie beyond the known shores. [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了上海 11 岁的小水手杨霁歆完成 2024 年日照—青岛跳岛赛，横渡 66 海里(约 77 英里)，成为完成此长途航行最年轻的中国青少年，创造了帆船运动记录。 1．Which of the following can best describe Yang Jixin? A．Determined and skilled. B．Generous and confident. C．Helpful and successful. D．Adventurous and honest. 解析：选A。推理判断题。文章第二段提到杨霁歆在炎热潮湿的天气、平静期、逆风和复杂的波浪干扰中展现了她的坚韧和航海技能，因此最能描述她的词是“坚定且技艺娴熟的”。故选A。 2．Why were some famous figures present when Yang reached the Silver Sea Yacht Marina? A．To follow her example. B．To celebrate her achievement. C．To face challenges with her. D．To offer her further guidance. 解析：选B。推理判断题。第四段中提到，当杨霁歆到达青岛银海游艇码头时，受到了来自航海界的一些著名人物的欢迎，他们的出现是对她成功的认可。因此，一些著名人物出席的原因是为了庆祝她的成就。故选B。 3．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．Yang's suggestions. B．Yang's potential. C．Yang's ambitions. D．Yang's influences. 解析：选D。主旨大意题。最后一段主要讲述了杨霁歆的成就不仅仅是个人的成功，还激励了年轻的水手，并展示了帆船运动的未来潜力。她为后来者铺平了道路，证明了年龄不是追求梦想和技能的障碍。因此，最后一段的主要内容是关于杨霁歆的影响。故选D。 4．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．The 2024 Rizhao­Qingdao Island Hopping Race B．A Young Sailor's Inspiring Adventure C．11­year­old Sailor Braving the Sea D．Sailing Challenges Testing Courage 解析：选B。主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了一位11岁的年轻水手杨霁歆参加2024年日照－青岛岛际跳跃赛并创造了新的纪录的故事，强调了她的坚韧和航海技能，以及她的成就对年轻水手的激励作用。因此，最适合作为标题的是“一个年轻水手鼓舞人心的冒险”。故选B。 B (2025·陕西榆林八校高二上期末联考)In Finland, it's a basic duty for the government to provide the public with sporting possibilities.That thinking started in the 1970s, when the government built gyms in even the smallest towns.Now, there are about 30，000 sports facilities across the country.Walkways and bike paths snake through the cities.Public swimming pools are everywhere.Here you can just step out of your door and do sports. Finns do just that.Half of women and a third of men bike to work.About a fifth of the country belongs to sports clubs.Some people even play sports at work.For example, every Wednesday morning, a group of scientists at the University of Jyväskylä leave their desks to play “futsal”，an indoor form of soccer, in a gym across the street.It's one of the most popular team sports in the country, along with floor ball and Finnish baseball.A nearby chocolate factory has a gym and offers aerobics classes. “Employers started to encourage sports participation about a century ago in the forestry industry，” says Hanna Vehmas, a sports scientist at the University of Jyväskylä.“Nowadays, 90% of employers support their employees' physical activities in some way.Each year, they spend an average of about $220 per employee for physical activities.” One reason why employers tend to support their employees' physical activities is due to a tax break.Businesses can deduct (扣除) money spent on employees' physical well­being. “But there's something else.We have a lot of research showing that spending money on employees' well­being will bring back as much as six times the money spent，” says Vehmas.“Because healthy employees do better work.They also don't have as many sick days.And staying fit, especially by playing sports together, could help build company loyalty (忠诚) which is actually even more important than the health side.” Physically active people also save the health care system a lot of money.Data from the Finnish Ministry of Social Affairs & Health shows that people who bike and walk save the health care system as much as $5.5 billion each year. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在芬兰，政府和企业都积极支持体育活动，居民生活与体育紧密相连，这种生活方式为个人健康和国家医疗系统带来了诸多好处。 5．Why are the scientists at the University of Jyväskylä mentioned in Paragraph 2? A．To tell the popularity of a unique sport. B．To describe the process of an experiment. C．To show the easy access to sports facilities. D．To call for more public participation in sports. 解析：选C。推理判断题。第二段提到于韦斯屈莱大学的科学家们在工作时间离开办公桌去街对面的体育馆玩室内足球，结合前文提到芬兰全国有众多运动设施，人们出门就能运动，所以提及这些科学家是为了展示芬兰人很容易就能使用到运动设施。故选C。 6．When did the forestry industry start to encourage sports participation? A．About 50 years ago. B．About 60 years ago. C．About 80 years ago. D．About 100 years ago. 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第三段中“Employers started to encourage sports participation about a century ago in the forestry industry”可知，林业大约在一百年前就开始鼓励体育锻炼。故选D。 7．What does Hanna Vehmas say about the effort for employees' physical well­being? A．It is a waste of money. B．It brings in various benefits. C．It takes too much time. D．It cuts workers' productivity. 解析：选B。细节理解题。从第五段 Hanna Vehmas 所说的话可知，在员工健康方面投入资金能带来六倍的回报，因为健康的员工工作更好、病假少，还能增强他们对公司忠诚度，这表明为员工的身体健康所做的努力能带来各种益处。故选B。 8．What is the best title for the text? A．How Can Finns Make Sports Part of Everyday Life? B．Why Are There So Many Sports Facilities Across Finland? C．Why Has Finland Become the Healthiest Country in the World? D．How Can Employers in Finland Be Encouraged to Spend on Sports? 解析：选A。主旨大意题。文章开篇指出芬兰政府有提供体育锻炼机会的基本职责，接着阐述了芬兰有很多体育设施方便人们进行体育活动，然后提到雇主支持员工参与体育活动，这些都表明文章主要是在讲述芬兰人是如何将体育融入日常生活的。故选A。 Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) (2025·福建福州高二上期中)Ezra Frech has earned a name for himself by achieving the world record for the T63 high jump.He's become so 1 that he's broken his own set records twice in July 2023.The athlete continues to 2 his family's support as one of the biggest reasons behind his 3 ． Ezra was born with limb differences.Despite facing physical 4 ，his love for sports kept him going.He was given a prosthetic(假体的) leg at 11 months of age, which 5 him with participation in track and field events.In 2024, he is set to 6 in the Paralympic Games in Paris as part of Team USA. Clayton, Ezra's father, has been a(n) 7 presence in the entire journey.Ezra 8 wanted to go to the NBA and Clayton fully supported his 9 ．They didn't know his participation was not 10 and they went through the journey of exploring the league together.After the heartbreaking disappointment in the NBA, he 11 to the long jump, high jump, and sprint events.At his first competition, the athlete placed fifth.Clayton was there to 12 the heartbreak.He 13 Ezra by reminding him of the impact he was making on his community. Clayton has always remained 14 in his three children's dreams.Even when his kids changed their dreams millions of times, he remained patient and 15 ． [语篇解读]这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Ezra Frech通过不懈的努力和家人的支持，在跳高项目上取得世界纪录的励志故事。 1． A．skillful B．friendly C．patient D．curious 解析：选A。根据后文“he's broken his own set records twice in July 2023”可推断出他非常擅长这项运动，已经变得如此熟练(skillful)。故选A。 2． A．require B．celebrate C．evaluate D．acknowledge 解析：选D。根据句中的“his family's support as one of the biggest reasons” 可知，他的家庭支持是他成功背后的最大原因之一，可以推断出这里指的是他承认(acknowledge)家庭支持。故选D。 3． A．independence B．arrival C．success D．graduation 解析：选C。根据上文“he's broken his own set records twice in July 2023”可知，他在2023年7月两次打破了自己的记录，这是他取得的成功(success)。故选C。 4． A．activities B．challenges C．efforts D．examinations 解析：选B。根据上句“Ezra was born with limb differences.”可知，Ezra出生时就有着肢体差异，可推理出此处是指面临身体上的挑战(challenges)。故选B。 5． A．aided B．covered C．replaced D．compared 解析：选A。他在11个月大时被给予了一条假肢，这帮助(aided)他参与了田径赛事。根据生活常识可推断出假肢是为了帮助他参与田径赛事。故选A。 6． A．cheer B．behave C．compete D．stay 解析：选C。2024年，他将作为美国队的一员参加巴黎残奥会。compete in参加比赛。故选C。 7． A．similar B．equal C．instant D．constant 解析：选D。他的父亲Clayton在整个旅程中一直持续(constant)陪伴着他，再结合文章最后一句话“he remained patient”。故选D。 8． A．only B．once C．never D．already 解析：选B。Ezra曾经(once)想要去NBA，而Clayton完全支持他的决定。根据后文第11空前的“After the heartbreaking disappointment in the NBA”可知，后文提到了在NBA经历心碎的失望，可推知这是他曾经的一个愿望。故选B。 9． A．decision B．belief C．position D．habit 解析：选A。此处描述他曾经想去NBA，作为父亲的Clayton当时也完全支持他的决定(decision)。故选A。 10．A．noticed B．allowed C．understood D．reported 解析：选B。根据后文“After the heartbreaking disappointment in the NBA”可知，后文提到了在NBA经历心碎的失望，可推断出他未获得允许进(allowed)入NBA，故选B项。 11．A．objected B．responded C．contributed D．switched 解析：选D。在NBA经历心碎的失望之后，他转向了跳远、跳高和短跑项目。switch to转向，转换到。故选D。 12．A．avoid B．remember C．share D．describe 解析：选C。在他的第一次比赛中，这位运动员仅仅获得了第五名，他的父亲Clayton在现场与Ezra共同分享(share)这份失落。 13．A．motivated B．guaranteed C．introduced D．criticized 解析：选A。面对儿子的失落，父亲就通过提醒Ezra他正在对社区产生的影响，以此来激励(motivated)他。 14．A．cut B．filled C．settled D．invested 解析：选D。Clayton始终在他的三个孩子的梦想中投入(invested)。这里的“invested”用来比喻Clayton对孩子们梦想的支持与付出，故选D。 15．A．adaptable B．interested C．supportive D．skeptical 解析：选C。即使当他的孩子们无数次改变他们的梦想时，他仍然保持耐心，提供支持(supportive)。故选C。 Section Ⅱ　Using language—­ing as subject ①Knowing where the ball would go wasn't easy. ②Shooting with great accuracy was another thing he learnt. ③ In this way, practising day in and day out helped Stephen sharpen his skills. ④Playing basketball was his dream. 【我的感悟】 (1)①②④这三句话中作主语的是动名词短语，句子的谓语动词是系动词was。 (2)③这句话的谓语动词是helped，前面是动名词短语作主语。 结论：动名词(短语)形式可以在句中充当主语。 一、动名词(短语)作主语的基本用法 1．动名词(短语)作主语通常表示经常性、习惯性的动作，一般置于句首，其被动形式为being done，谓语动词要用单数。 Playing basketball on the playground after school every day gives students a lot of fun. 每天放学后在操场上打篮球给学生带来很多乐趣。 2．动名词短语作主语且主语部分较长时，为了平衡句子结构，通常用it作形式主语。常见句式如下： (1)It is/was no use/good doing...做……无用/益 (2)It is/was useless/worthwhile/a waste of time doing...做……是无用的/值得的/浪费时间的 ① It is no good sitting in front of the computer all day long, which will do harm to your health. 整天坐在电脑前没有好处，这会损害你的健康。 ② It is a waste of time chatting aimlessly with people who have no common interests. 和没有共同兴趣的人漫无目的地聊天是在浪费时间。 3．动名词的复合结构作主语： (1)动名词可以有自己的逻辑主语，如形容词性物主代词、名词所有格、人称代词的宾格或名词普通格，其具体形式有：①形容词性物主代词＋动名词；②名词所有格＋动名词；③宾格代词＋动名词；④名词＋动名词。 (2)动名词的复合结构作主语时，通常用“形容词性物主代词＋动名词”和“名词所有格＋动名词”这两种形式。 ① Your giving us such great help has freed us from much difficulty. 你给我们如此大的帮助，使我们摆脱了困境。 ②The students' practicing speaking English in pairs improves their communication skills. 学生们两人一组练习说英语能提高他们的交流能力。 ————即学即练1———— 用括号里单词的正确形式填空 ①Knowing (know) basic first­aid skills will help people respond effectively to emergencies. ②It is no use complaining (complain) about the difficulties you face.Instead, take action to solve them. ③His (he) participating in the community volunteer activities has won him a lot of praise from neighbors. 二、动名词(短语)作主语时谓语动词的单复数 动名词(短语)作主语时谓语动词通常用单数形式；但两个或两个以上表达不同意义的动名词(短语)作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。两个或两个以上的动名词(短语)作主语时，如果指一件事，谓语动词用单数形式。 ①Reading English novels every day helps deepen our understanding of British cultures. 每天阅读英语小说有助于加深我们对英国文化的了解。 ②Running in the park and cycling along the riverbank are good exercises for keeping fit. 在公园跑步和在河边骑行都是保持健康的不错的锻炼方式。 ③Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit. 早睡早起是一个好习惯。 ————即学即练2———— 用括号里单词的正确形式填空 ①Painting pictures that can vividly capture the beauty of nature requires (require) not only talent but also a great deal of patience. ②Reading historical books and watching documentaries that reveal the mysteries of nature give (give) us a deeper understanding of the world. ③Growing flowers in the garden and arranging them in vases is (be) her hobby that brings much joy. 三、动名词(短语)作主语与动词不定式(短语)作主语的区别 动名词(短语)作主语 表示一般的、泛指的或抽象的、经常性的动作 动词不定式(短语)作主语 表示具体的或一次性的动作 ①To finish this project within a week requires a lot of hard work and energy. 在一周内完成这个项目需要付出大量努力和精力。 ②Exercising regularly is beneficial for our physical and mental health. 经常锻炼对我们的身心健康有益。 ③Running every day keeps you in good shape, and to run a marathon is a challenging thing. 每天跑步让你保持良好的体态，而跑马拉松是一件有挑战性的事情。 ————即学即练3———— 完成句子 ①此外，保持均衡的饮食有助于维持良好的身心健康。 Additionally, keeping a balanced diet can contribute to maintaining good mental and physical health. ②明天去爬那座山对我们来说将是一个巨大的挑战。因此，你应该为此做好充分准备。 To climb that mountain tomorrow will be a great challenge for us.Therefore, you should make full preparations for it. 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空 1．(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)When reading texts of several hundred words or more, learning is (be) generally more successful when it's on paper than on screen. 2．(2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷) Moreover, having a system in the same building where it's eaten means (mean) zero emissions (排放) from transporting plants from soil to salad. 3．(2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷) Visiting (visit)a place that others call home is a privilege(荣幸). 4．(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷) Taking (take) responsibility for mistakes is a positive step，but don't beat yourself up about them. 5．(2023·全国甲卷) Putting (put) electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away. [课后分层练8] (时间：45分钟　满分：76.5分) Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每小题1分，共8分) 1．I was cheated (cheat) by that dishonest salesman.He sold me a defective product and refused to take it back. 2．Chinese transport has undergone remarkable (remark) transformation, giving the Chinese people access to different ways of travelling. 3．The piece was the first to showcase (showcase) the unique abilities of oil painting. 4．He did a remarkably (remarkable) accurate imitation of the soft, low sound of a rapidly disappearing device. 5．Instead of cheating in the exam, try your best to study hard and prepare well in advance. 6．In the school's track and field competition, my competitor(s) from the other class ran so fast that I had to push myself to do my best.(compete) 7．The school laboratory is furnished with various scientific equipment (equip) for students to conduct experiments. 8．The music festival is held annually (annual) in the summer, attracting thousands of music lovers. Ⅱ.链接写作——完成句子(每小题2分，共12分) 1．组织各种英语角是我们学校英语俱乐部的一项热门活动。 Organizing various English corners is a popular activity of our school's English club. 2．提高学生对中国传统文学的鉴赏力是我们班这次阅读活动的目的。 To enhance students' appreciation of traditional Chinese literature is the aim of this reading activity in our class. 3．无论结果如何，参加我们学校的英语演讲比赛都是值得的。 It is worth taking part in the English speech competition in our school no matter what the outcome is. 4．能带外国朋友去参观我农村老家的那座老农舍，我感到非常高兴。 It is a great pleasure to take foreign friends to visit the old farmhouse in my rural hometown. 5．我们组织了一场乒乓球比赛，增强了校园的体育氛围。 Our organizing a table tennis competition enhances the sports atmosphere on campus. 6．晚上不熬夜可以保证你第二天有足够的精力来学习。 Not staying up late at night ensures that you have enough energy for your studies the next day. Ⅲ.链接写作——完成语段(每小题1.5分，共9分) Dear Lucy， I'm sorry to hear that you are feeling nervous about your job interview.But don't worry too much.Here are some suggestions for you. First of all, 1 reading relevant materials about the company and the position (阅读公司和职位的相关资料) can help you have a better understanding of them.For example, 2 reading about the company's history and products (阅读有关公司的历史和产品的资料) can show your interest and knowledge.Secondly, 3 dressing neatly and appropriately (穿着整洁得体) can give the interviewer a good impression.During the interview, it's also a good idea 4 to use some body language (用一些肢体语言) to show your enthusiasm and confidence.For instance, 5 maintaining eye contact and smiling (保持眼神交流和微笑) can make you seem more friendly and approachable.Finally, it is necessary 6 for you to arrive at the interview place on time (你准时到达面试地点).This shows your respect for the interviewer and the company. I hope these suggestions can help you.Good luck! Yours， Li Hua Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2025·四川成都高二上检测)Crowded by defenders, Charlie Villanueva leaps toward the basket.One hand lifts the ball high, and for a moment he seems to hang in the air.Then he hammers the ball through the rim.Slam dunk! His career may look like a slam dunk, being a national champion at the University of Connecticut, and setting beginner records with the Toronto Raptors. However, life wasn't always easy for him.His success is due to more than his ability to play basketball and he owes much of who he is today to a skin disease called alopecia areata, which is not infectious but is caused by an error in the immune system that triggers germ­fighting cells to attack the body's own hair­growing cells.Charlie was affected at age 10 and lost all his hair by age 12.This made him a target for bullying, leading him to withdraw and hide under caps and hoods. With the support of his mother, Charlie found refuge in basketball.He channeled his frustrations and stress into motivation, improving his skills to the point where his talent overshadowed his condition.The bullying stopped, and his basketball career took off. All along the way, Charlie has consistently dedicated himself to helping others.Ever since his first year as a new player, he has served as a spokesperson for the National Alopecia Areata Foundation, and went on to establish the Charlie Villanueva Foundation, an organization aimed at supporting families with children suffering from alopecia and stopping all forms of bullying.As the son of immigrants from the Dominican Republic, he has even worked towards ending poverty in that country. Charlie inspires young people to embrace their individuality and have confidence in themselves.“We're all unique in our own ways，” he says, encouraging them to remember that with dedication and self­belief, any dream is within reach. [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了篮球运动员查理·维兰纽瓦的成长经历，他克服脱发症和欺凌，通过篮球获得成功，并致力于帮助他人和反对欺凌。 1．Why is Charlie's slam dunk mentioned in Paragraph 1? A．To compare him with other champions. B．To highlight his skills and achievements. C．To explain how a slam dunk is performed. D．To demonstrate a specific moment in a game. 解析：选B。推理判断题。文章第一段提到 Charlie 的扣篮，随后说他的职业生涯看起来像一次扣篮(很顺利)，还列举了他在康涅狄格大学成为全国冠军以及在多伦多猛龙队创造新秀纪录等成就。所以提到扣篮是为了突出他在篮球方面的技能和成就。故选B。 2．What made Charlie avoid his peers? A．An infectious skin disease. B．His being made fun of. C．An error in the immune system. D．His average ability to play basketball. 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Charlie was affected at age 10 and lost all his hair by age 12.This made him a target for bullying, leading him to withdraw and hide under caps and hoods.”的可知，查理因为患斑秃而被欺负，这使他躲避同龄人。故选B。 3．Which of the following best describes Charlie? A．Humble and responsible. B．Strong­willed and helpful. C．Innovative and generous. D．Good­natured and tolerant. 解析：选B。推理判断题。Charlie 虽因斑秃遭遇欺凌，但在母亲支持下，凭借篮球克服困难，在篮球领域取得辉煌成功，这体现了他意志坚强(strong­willed)。同时，他一直致力于帮助他人，如担任基金会发言人、成立自己的基金会等，说明他乐于助人(helpful)。故选B。 4．What message does the text convey? A．Fortune favors the prepared. B．Actions speak louder than words. C．What doesn't kill you makes you stronger. D．A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. 解析：选C。主旨大意题。文章讲述了查理·维兰纽瓦虽然患有斑秃这种疾病，但他没有被困难打倒，反而在篮球领域取得成就，并积极帮助他人。传达的信息是“那些没有杀死你的会使你更强大”。故选C。 B (2025·山西三晋名校高二上检测)No pain, no gain, as the old exercise saying goes.But how much pain do you have to bear to benefit from training? That depends on what you're trying to achieve, fitness experts say. For years, some trainers have instructed gym­goers that to get the best results, they need to train until failure, meaning until they cannot physically do one more repetition or exercise.Some recent studies, however, suggest this extreme rule may only benefit certain people. “If somebody wants to increase muscle mass as much as they possibly can, then training to failure is something to consider.” said Michael Zourdos, chair of exercise science and health promotion at Florida Atlantic University. Zourdos and his colleagues found that training until failure may build bigger muscles, but isn't needed to increase strength.He said people who work out hard, but don't push themselves to the state of being totally tired out, will still likely improve their health and fitness.“There is a difference between training for health and training for excellent performance，” he said. He also said failure training often comes at a cost, since people working to that standard might be so tired that they have no energy to join their next gym training or two.In extremely rare instances, overdoing it can be harmful, leading to a potentially fatal condition called rhabdomyolysis, where damaged muscles begin to break down, possibly causing kidney (肾脏) damage. James Fisher, a sports science expert and consultant in Southampton, England, said whatever your fitness goal was, the concept of failure training could be applied into your workout.But people should then rest the muscle group they trained for roughly two days, he said. For people who have more experience, experts recommend saving the failure training for occasional workouts, or on the last set of exercises in their training.“It's not meant to be for every person, every time they work out，” Fisher said.“This is a tough way to exercise.” [语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了训练到力竭的利弊以及如何合理安排训练强度。 5．What is the function of the saying in the first paragraph? A．To give examples. B．To lead in the topic. C．To make comparisons. D．To provide an argument. 解析：选B。推理判断题。文章开篇引用谚语 “No pain, no gain”，紧接着提出问题 “But how much pain do you have to bear to benefit from training？”，然后围绕训练强度展开讨论。由此可知，该谚语的作用是引出文章关于训练强度这一话题。 6．What does the author want to show by mentioning rhabdomyolysis? A．The harm of failure training. B．The benefit of eating healthily. C．The importance of bigger muscles. D．The necessity of training in a gym. 解析：选A。细节理解题。第五段提到“在极少数情况下，过度训练可能有害，会导致一种潜在致命的病症——横纹肌溶解症，受损的肌肉开始分解，可能导致肾脏损伤”。通过提及这种病症，作者是想表明过度训练可能带来的危害。故选A。 7．What did James Fisher advise people to do after they train to failure? A．Try lifting weights at once. B．Have their kidney checked. C．Look for an excellent trainer. D．Rest for about two days. 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“But people should then rest the muscle group they trained for roughly two days, he said.(他说，人们应该让他们训练的肌肉群休息大约两天。)”可知，James Fisher建议人们在训练到力竭后休息大约两天。故选D。 8．What is the best title for the text? A．How Hard Should You Train? B．How Often Should You Do Exercise? C．How Can You Improve Your Health? D．How Do You Lose Weight in a Healthy Way? 解析：选A。主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段 “But how much pain do you have to bear to benefit from training? That depends on what you're trying to achieve, fitness experts say.”可知，主要讨论了训练到力竭的利弊以及如何合理安排训练强度，最佳标题为“你应该多努力地训练？”故选A。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2025·辽宁七校协作体高二上检测)Olympic medals are among the most respected honors in the sporting world, symbolizing not only athletic victory, but also the rich history, fine craftsmanship, and longstanding traditions of the Games.1( ) Are they made entirely of gold, silver, and bronze? And what makes the Paris 2024 Olympic medals special? Originally, Olympic winners in 776 BCE were honored with olive wreaths (橄榄花环) rather than medals.The concept of medals as we know them today first emerged at the 1896 Athens Games.However, solid gold medals were no longer awarded after 1912.2( ) As a result, the International Olympic Committee later updated the regulations regarding medal composition and design. Modern gold medals are primarily composed of 92.5% silver with a six­gram gold plating for appearance.3( ) They contain at least 92.5% pure silver, and bronze medals consist of 95% copper and 5% zinc (锌).This mixture ensures the medals' longevity and makes them cheaper.An Olympic gold medal may be worth over $500, but its value to athletes goes beyond its financial worth. 4( ) For instance, the 2012 London Olympics medals featured the River Thames and London skyline.Rio 2016 focused on sustainability by using leftover mirrors and X­ray plates.Tokyo 2020 medals, made from recycled electronics, emphasized technological innovation. For the Paris 2024 Olympics, the medals are particularly distinctive.Each features a hexagon (六边形) with the Paris 2024 logo on one side and Nike, the Greek goddess of victory, in front of the Eiffel Tower on the other.5( ) As Thierry Reboul, creative director of Paris 2024, stated, “These medals offer athletes a physical piece of Paris to take home.” A．Pure gold is soft and easily damaged. B．When were these medals first introduced? C．Who is responsible for designing the medals? D．Silver medals, by contrast, live up to their names. E．With these symbols, they honor the history of the Olympics. F．Unique to this year, the medals use metal from the Eiffel Tower. G．The design of medals reflects the host city's distinct style and values. [语篇解读]本文为一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了奥运会奖牌的历史、材质以及2024届巴黎奥运会奖牌的特点。 1．解析：选B。设空处引起下文。下文提到“它们是否完全由金、银和铜制成？是什么让2024年巴黎奥运会的奖牌特别？”这些问题是对奖牌材质和特色的询问，因此设空处应该是对奖牌的一般性介绍或提问。B项：这些奖牌是什么时候首次引入的？符合这一逻辑，引出了关于奖牌历史的问题，引出下文。故选B。 2．解析：选A。设空处承上启下。前文提到 “1912 年后不再颁发纯金奖牌”，后文 “国际奥委会随后更新了关于奖牌成分和设计的规定”，A 项：纯金质地柔软，容易损坏。解释了不再颁发纯金奖牌的原因，承上启下，符合逻辑。故选A。 3．解析：选D。设空处承上启下。上文介绍了现代金牌的成分，下文介绍了银牌和铜牌的成分，D 选项 “相比之下，银牌名副其实”，引出对银牌成分的介绍，“by contrast” 起到了很好的衔接作用，与上下文连贯。故选D。 4．解析：选G。设空处是段首句。下文列举了不同年份奥运会的奖牌设计特色，如2012年伦敦奥运会、2016年里约奥运会和2020年东京奥运会。G项：奖牌的设计反映了主办城市的独特风格和价值观。概括了下文的主旨，即奖牌设计体现了主办城市的特色。故选G。 5．解析：选F。设空处承接上文。上文描述了2024年巴黎奥运会奖牌的特别之处，包括其独特的六边形设计和奖牌上的图案。F项：今年独一无二的是，奖牌使用了来自埃菲尔铁塔的金属。进一步强调了这些奖牌的独特性，并与下文提到的“这些奖牌为运动员提供了一块可以带回家的巴黎实物”相呼应。故选F。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2025·江苏南通、如皋高二上期中)Viewers keeping up with the track and field events at the Summer Games in Paris might be surprised.Unlike the usual reddish color, the track is purple. The new, eye­catching color 1 (serve) as the background for runners competing at the Stade de France, the country's largest stadium, 2 (locate) in the northern Paris suburb of Saint­Denis.The track is made by Mondo, a company based in Alba, Italy, 3 has made every track used at the Olympics since 1976. This is the first time that an Olympic track 4 (be) purple.But it's not uncommon for athletics venues around the world to play around with color.For example, since 1986, Boise State University has famously avoided the 5 (tradition) green­colored football field, choosing instead 6 shocking shade of bright blue. Color aside, the Paris track is unique in another way.It integrates the shells of bivalves (双贝壳类).Ahead of the Games, track­maker Mondo began partnering with a fishing company called Nieddittas 7 (give) the used shells a second life. Staff at Nieddittas harvest, clean and prepare the shells—which are made 8 (primary) of calcium carbonate (碳酸钙)—so they can be ground into a powder that can 9 (mix) into the track material.This innovative use of recycled natural materials is the 10 (demonstrate) of the International Olympic Committee's concept of sustainability.The IOC vowed to make the Summer Games in Paris the most sustainable Olympics yet. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了巴黎夏季奥运会田径赛事场地的相关特色。 1．解析：serves。考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，设空处是句子的谓语动词，描述的是客观事实，主语是The new, eye­catching color，为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式，故填serves。 2．解析：located。考查过去分词。分析句子结构可知，设空处是非谓语动词作后置定语，the country's largest stadium与locate之间是被动关系，应该用过去分词形式。故填located。 3．解析：which。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰的先行词是a company based in Alba, Italy，指物，设空处在从句中作主语，故填which。 4．解析：has been。考查现在完成时。这是奥运跑道第一次出现紫色。This is the first time that...句型中，从句要用现在完成时，主语是an Olympic track，为第三人称单数，故填has been。 5．解析：traditional。考查形容词。设空处单词修饰后面的名词green­colored football field，要用其形容词形式表示“传统的”，故填traditional。 6．解析：a。考查冠词。博伊西州立大学一直避免使用传统的绿色足球场，而是选择了一种令人震惊的亮蓝色。这里需要不定冠词a来表示泛指，意为“一种”，shocking为辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。 7．解析：to give。考查不定式。在奥运会之前，赛道制造商Mondo开始与一家名为Nieddittas的渔业公司合作，让用过的贝壳重获新生。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to give。 8．解析：primarily。考查副词。Nieddittas的工作人员收集、清洁和准备主要由碳酸钙制成的贝壳。这里需要一个副词来修饰动词are made，表示“主要地”，故填primarily。 9．解析：be mixed。考查被动语态。将它们研磨成粉末，然后混合到跑道材料中。powder与mix之间是被动关系，情态动词can后接动词原形，所以这里用被动语态的原形be mixed，故填be mixed。 10．解析：demonstration。考查名词。这种对回收天然材料的创新使用是国际奥林匹克委员会可持续发展理念的体现。根据设空前的定冠词the可知，此处需要用其名词形式。故填demonstration。 Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas Step One　Lead­in What comes to your mind when you hear the word “Olympic champion”？ And why do you think it's so hard to become one? When I hear “Olympic champion”，I think of outstanding athletes, hard work, and glory.It's hard to become one because they have to face tough competitors from all over the world, endure long­term and intense training. Step Two　Read for the main idea Match the main idea with each section. Section 1(Para.1) A.The Chinese women's volleyball team's glorious history and their tough Rio journey from “group of death” to championship. Section 2(Paras.2－4) B.The thrilling Rio Olympic gold­winning moment of Chinese women's volleyball team. Section 3 (Paras.5－6) C.The factors for success of the Chinese women's volleyball team． 答案：Section 1—B　Section 2—A　Section 3—C Step Three　Read for details Ⅰ.Read Section 1 (Para.1) carefully and do the following exercises. 1．Who sent the ball back to Popovic that decided the gold­medal victory for China? The Chinese spiker Hui Ruoqi. 2．What was the reaction of the Chinese fans when China won the gold medal? The Chinese fans went wild and showed joy and pride on their faces. Ⅱ.Read Section 2 (Paras.2－4) carefully and do the following exercises. 1．What made the Chinese women's volleyball team's victory in Rio so remarkable? A．Their easy path to the final. B．Their strong opponents in the final. C．Their performance after being in the “group of death”． D．Their many previous Olympic gold medals. 2．What happened to the Chinese women's volleyball team in the quarter­finals in Rio? A．They lost to the defending champion Brazil. B．They made an epic comeback against Brazil. C．They defeated the Netherlands easily. D．They had a close match against Serbia. 答案：1.C　2.B Ⅲ.Read Section 3(Paras.5－6) carefully and do the following exercises. 1．Why did the Chinese women's volleyball team succeed in Rio according to Zhu Ting? A．Her excellent spiking skills. B．The coach's perfect strategies. C．The strong fighting spirit of each player. D．Teamwork among all the members. 2．What is Lang Ping's view on the team's preparation after winning a championship? A．They need to start from zero for new challenges. B．They should rest and celebrate. C．They should focus only on individual achievements. D．They don't need to prepare immediately. 3．How does the passage describe the overall journey of the Chinese women's volleyball team? A．Full of success without setbacks. B．Filled with ups and downs. C．Always facing easy opponents. D．Never aiming high. 答案：1.D　2.A　3.B Step Four　Consolidation Discuss the following question with your partners and present your answer to the class. In your opinion, how can the spirit of the Chinese women's volleyball team be applied to our daily lives? Your presentation： In daily life, we can face difficulties bravely.When we encounter setbacks at school or work, instead of giving up, we should persevere.Just as the team members cooperated to win, we can also work together with classmates. ◎ The Return of the Champions “The atmosphere here at Rio de Janeiro is electric①！ If China wins this point②，they will walk out of the stadium with an Olympic gold medal.Zhang Changning serves.Over the net③，Popovic dives for④ the ball.She only just reaches it...and it's sent straight back to her by the Chinese spiker⑤ Hui Ruoqi.Popovic can't get the ball back this time...and that's it! It's over! It's gold for China! Look how the crowd has gone wild⑥.You can see the joy and pride on the faces of the Chinese fans.[1]And there we see the Chinese players embracing, with tears of happiness in their eyes...It's a dream come true⑦ for China! The Chinese women's volleyball team is Olympic champion once again！” [1] 主句部分是“see＋宾语＋宾补”结构；there是地点状语；逗号后是“with＋宾语＋宾补”作伴随状语。 The Chinese women's volleyball team holds a very special place in the nation's heart.[2]In the 1980s⑧，the team burst onto⑨ the international volleyball scene with several major world titles⑩，and an amazing three­set victory⑪ over the United States in the final of the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics. They became national heroes overnight.There was gold once more at Athens in 2004.But winning gold in Rio paints the most vivid⑫portrait⑬ of the team's competitive spirit⑭. [2] In the 1980s是时间状语；主句是主谓宾结构，burst onto是谓语动词；介词with后有连词and连接的两个并列名词短语，构成介词短语作状语。 [3]In Rio, the Chinese women's volleyball team needed all of its fighting spirit after it was assigned⑮ to the “group of death”，where it faced several strong opponents⑯ in the group stage matches. Despite reaching the quarter­finals⑰ as the fourth team in the group, with just two wins in preliminary⑱ matches, they were not going to give up.Every single member of the team gave their all⑲ to the fight, including Hui Ruoqi who had had heart surgery⑳ less than five months previously. [3] 这是一个主从复合句：after引导时间状语从句，其前面是主句部分；关系副词where引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词group of death. Their perseverance paid off㉑ with an epic comeback㉒ against the defending champion㉓ Brazil in the quarter­finals.Next, the Chinese team defeated㉔ the Netherlands in the semi­final㉕ matches, [4]having lost to them in the preliminaries．At last, [5]showing a strong will and the steeliest㉖ nerves㉗, they played a close match㉘ against Serbia to seize㉙ gold in the final. [4] 动词­ing形式的完成式作状语，该动作发生在主句谓语动词defeated之前。 [5] 动词­ing形式作状语，与其逻辑主语they之间是主动关系。 But fighting spirit alone was not enough to guarantee victory.Strong team spirit also contributed greatly to㉚ their success.Cooperation㉛ between team members is essential.If each individual does her job and works well with others, then the end goal can be achieved.In fact, strong team spirit is more important than the skills of individual players.[6]Zhu Ting, named㉜ Most Valuable Player at the Rio Olympics, also identified㉝ this as the special ingredient㉞ in the team's success: “Teamwork㉟ is the key to China's victory.Thanks to my teammates' hard efforts, I had the opportunity to show my spiking skills.” [6] 这是一个复合句：主语是Zhu Ting，谓语动词是identified；两个逗号之间的named...Olympics是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰Zhu Ting。 Together, the Chinese women's volleyball team has fought their way㊱ through ups and downs㊲.[7] Led by well­known Chinese volleyball player and coach Lang Ping, they have continued to aim high㊳.[8] Lang is only too aware that as soon as a team steps off the victory podium㊴, they need to start from zero to prepare for new challenges ahead. In this way, the team begins its journey to the next Olympics. [7] 此处是过去分词短语作状语，与其逻辑主语they之间是被动关系。 [8] 本句为主从复合句：谓语动词是is aware，后面是that引导的宾语从句，其中as soon as...podium是时间状语从句。 ◎ ①electric adj.扣人心弦的；令人激动的 ②point n．分数；点 ③net n．球网 ④dive for扑向 ⑤spiker n．(排球队的)扣球队员，主攻手 ⑥go wild疯狂 ⑦come true成为现实 ⑧in the 1980s在20世纪80年代 ⑨burst onto突然出现在……(指突然成功) ⑩title n．冠军；标题 ⑪three­set victory 三连胜 ⑫vivid adj.生动的，逼真的 ⑬portrait n．描写，肖像；画像 ⑭competitive spirit竞争精神 ⑮assign v．分配，分派 ⑯opponent n．(竞争、比赛等的)对手 ⑰quarter­final n．四分之一决赛 ⑱preliminary adj.初步的；预备的 ⑲give one's all全力以赴 ⑳surgery n．外科手术 ㉑pay off取得成功 ㉒an epic comeback 史诗般的回归 ㉓defending champion卫冕冠军 ㉔defeat v．战胜，打败 ㉕semi­final n．半决赛 ㉖steely adj.钢铁般的；坚定的 ㉗nerve n．意志力 ㉘a close match一场势均力敌的比赛 ㉙seize v．夺取 ㉚contribute to 促成，有助于，贡献 ㉛cooperation n．合作，协作 ㉜name v．选中；命名 ㉝identify v．确认，认出 ㉞ingredient n．(完成某事的)要素，因素 ㉟teamwork n．合作，协作 ㊱fight one's way奋斗前进 ㊲ups and downs 起起落落；上上下下 ㊳aim high力争上游 ㊴podium n．表演台，讲台 ◎ 冠军归来 “这里是里约热内卢，现场气氛紧张而热烈！如果中国队拿下这一分，她们将赢得这枚奥运金牌。张常宁发球。球过网，波波维奇倒地接球，险险救起……中国队主攻惠若琪将球扣回，波波维奇这次没能接住……得分！比赛结束！中国队获得了金牌！看，观众沸腾了，中国球迷的脸上洋溢着喜悦和骄傲。我们看到中国队的队员们眼含幸福的热泪，相拥在一起……中国人实现了梦想！中国女排重回奥运之巅！” 在中国人的心中，中国女排的地位非比寻常。20世纪80年代，中国女排赢得了多场世界大赛，并在1984年洛杉矶奥运会的决赛中，以惊人的三连胜击败了美国队，在国际排坛大放异彩。一夜之间，中国女排成为国民英雄。到了2004年雅典奥运会，女将们再一次斩获金牌。但是，对于女排的拼搏精神最生动的写照，却是这次在里约的夺冠之路。 里约奥运会上，中国女排被分到了“死亡之组”，因此她们必须拼尽全力，对抗小组赛中遇到的强大对手。虽然预赛中仅赢了两场，到四分之一决赛时还是小组第四，但女排姑娘们从未想过放弃。每一个队员都全身心地投入比赛，包括赛前不到五个月刚做完心脏手术的惠若琪。 四分之一决赛对抗卫冕冠军巴西队时，中国队的顽强毅力得到了回报，她们惊人地赢得了东山再起的机会。接着，中国队在半决赛中战胜了在预赛中曾惜败过的荷兰队。最后，她们与塞尔维亚队进行了一场势均力敌的比赛，在决赛中夺得了金牌，表现出了强大的决心和钢铁般的意志力。 但是仅凭拼搏精神远不足以锁定胜局。强大的团队精神也是中国女排成功的一大因素。团队成员之间的合作至关重要。只有每一名队员都能完成各自的任务，并与队友合作无间，才能实现最终目标。其实，强大的团队精神比队员的个人能力更重要。里约奥运会“最有价值球员”奖项得主朱婷，也认为这是团队获胜的诀窍：“团队合作是中国队制胜的关键。多亏了队友们的努力拼搏，才给了我展现扣球技术的机会。” 在这条曲折起伏的道路上，中国女排共同奋力前行。作为知名的前中国女排运动员和现任中国女排总教练，郎平带领着队员们不断力争上游。郎平很清楚，只要走下了领奖台，她们这支队伍就得重新出发，严阵以待，迎接新的挑战。中国女排的下一段奥运旅程，就这样开始了。 burst v．突然出现；爆裂，爆炸 n．突发，爆裂，裂口 【教材原句】　 In the 1980s, the team burst onto the international volleyball scene with several major world titles... 20世纪80年代，中国女排赢得了多场世界大赛，在排坛大放异彩…… 【用法归纳】 burst onto 突然出现在……(指突然成功) burst out 突然爆发 burst in 打断；闯入；突然出现 burst into 突然开始……；突然闯入…… burst into tears＝burst out crying 突然放声大哭 burst into laughter＝burst out laughing 突然大笑起来 【佳句必背】　The school's drama club burst onto the cultural festival with a brilliant performance of a classic play.(应用文之新闻报道) 学校的戏剧社团在文化节上凭借一部经典剧目的精彩演出惊艳亮相。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①(读后续写之动作描写) When the little boy started his funny dance moves, his parents and siblings burst out laughing (laugh). ②The teacher was writing on the blackboard when a stranger burst in，interrupting the class for a moment. ③When the New Year's bell rang, everyone in the square burst into cheers, celebrating the arrival of the new year. 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④在学校才艺表演中，那个男孩又唱又跳，把所有老师和同学都逗得哈哈大笑。 In the school's talent show, the boy's singing and dancing made all the teachers and students burst into laughter/burst out laughing． pay off 取得成功；(付出)得到回报；还清欠款 【教材原句】　Their perseverance paid off with an epic comeback against the defending champion Brazil in the quarter­finals. 四分之一决赛对抗上届冠军巴西队时，中国队的顽强毅力得到了回报。 【用法归纳】 pay for 付钱买；因……付出代价；为……付款 pay back 　　　 偿还；报答 pay out 付出；支出 pay attention to 注意 pay a visit to 参观；拜访，访问 温馨提示：pay off表示“取得成功，得到回报”时，是不及物动词短语，无被动语态，且一般用表示事物的名词作主语；表示“还清欠款”时，是及物动词短语，用人作主语，有被动语态。 【佳句必背】　As a proverb goes, where there is a will, there is a way.Our efforts will pay off sooner or later.(应用文之建议信)正如一句谚语所说：“有志者，事竟成。” 我们的努力迟早会有回报。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①She worked hard during the holiday and earned enough money to pay for a new laptop. ②I finally paid back the money I borrowed from my friend last month, feeling a great sense of relief. ③With his new book published, his years of hard work on his writing skill finally paid off． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④(应用文之建议信)在学英语的过程中，你应该特别注意听力和口语。 In the process of learning English，you should pay particular attention to listening and speaking． ⑤在春节后的十五天里，人们走亲访友，互相致以最美好的祝愿。 During the next fifteen days after the Spring Festival, people pay a visit to relatives and friends，giving each other their best wishes. contribute to 捐献；促成；有助于；投稿 【教材原句】　Strong team spirit also contributed greatly to their success. 强大的团队精神也是中国女排成功的一大因素。 【用法归纳】 (1)contribute v．捐(款)，捐助；贡献；投稿 contributor n．撰稿人；捐款者；贡献者 contribution n．捐献物，捐助物；捐款；稿件 (2)contribute...to... 把……捐献给……；向……投稿 (3)make a contribution/contributions to... 对……做出贡献；向……捐款 【佳句必背】　Many contributors actively contribute clothes and food to charities.Their contributions not only help the people in need but also contribute to social harmony.A reporter writes an article for that and contributes it to the local newspaper.(应用文之活动报道)许多捐赠者积极向慈善机构捐献衣物和食品。他们的捐赠行为不仅帮助了有需要的人，还有助于促进社会和谐。一名记者为此写了一篇文章，并将其投稿给了当地的报社。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①Active participation in class discussions is a student's valuable contribution (contribute) to the learning atmosphere. ②Volunteering in the community contributes to building (build) a harmonious neighborhood, bringing people closer. ③The local library is an important contributor (contribute) to the cultural development of the community, providing a wealth of knowledge resources. 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④(应用文之申请信)我真诚地希望有机会加入这个团队，为校报撰稿。 I sincerely hope to have the opportunity to join the team and contribute to the school newspaper． fight one's way 奋力前进，克服困难 【教材原句】　 Together，the Chinese women's volleyball team has fought their way through ups and downs. 在这条曲折起伏的道路上，中国女排共同奋力前行。 【用法归纳】 push one's way 　　　 挤着前进 lose one's way 迷路 feel one's way 摸索着前进 find one's way into 偶然来到；无意中处于 wind one's way 蜿蜒前进 make one's way 动身，前进；成功 get in one's way 妨碍某人；挡了某人的路 【写成佳句】　用way的相关短语完成语段 The hiker started his journey early in the morning.As he entered the forest, he had to ①push his way among the bushes and trees.Soon, a heavy fog rolled in, and he ②lost his way，not knowing which direction to go.He could only ③feel his way, carefully using his hands and feet to sense the surroundings.The path he was on ④wound its way into a beautiful valley.He was amazed by the sight and decided to ⑤make his way further to explore it. 过去分词(短语)作状语 【教材原句】　 Led by well­known Chinese volleyball player and coach Lang Ping, they have continued to aim high. 作为知名的前中国女排运动员和现任中国女排总教练，郎平带领着队员们不断力争上游。 【用法归纳】 (1)过去分词(短语)作状语，表示被动或已完成的动作，其逻辑主语为句子的主语，两者之间是被动关系。 (2)过去分词短语可以单独使用，也可以在其前加上适当的连词(如when, if, because, although等)来表示时间、条件、原因、让步、方式、伴随等关系。 (3)过去分词短语可以放在句首或句尾，与主句之间通常用逗号隔开。 【佳句必背】　If invited to have a meal at your friend's house, you'd better take some proper gifts.(应用文之建议信) 如果被邀请到你朋友家里吃饭，你最好带点合适的礼物。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①Attracted (attract) by the unique local culture, the tourists eagerly explored the ancient town. ②Surrounded (surround) by his classmates in the classroom, Tom felt less nervous about making a speech in public. ③When asked (ask) to perform on stage, the shy students overcame their fear and showed an excellent dance routine at the school party. 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④如果给予更多准备时间，学生们在学校才艺表演上会呈现出一场更精彩的演出。 If given more time for preparation，the students would have put on an even more spectacular show at the school talent show. ⑤(应用文之新闻报道)受到奉献精神的鼓舞，许多学生积极参与了在当地社区中心的志愿者活动。 Inspired by the spirit of giving, a large number of students actively participated in the volunteer activity at the local community centre. 写出句中加黑单词的汉语意思 ①The complex math problem defeated me completely; I couldn't figure out the solution. 困惑，难住 ②A sudden coughing seized him while he was delivering a speech, causing him to pause.侵袭 ③The dentist examined the tooth carefully to determine if the nerve was damaged.神经 ④When cooking authentic Italian pasta, it's essential to use fresh ingredients like tomatoes, basil, and olive oil.原料 [课后分层练9] (时间：45分钟　满分：80.5分) Ⅰ.单词拼写(每小题1分，共10分) 1．In the tennis match, the young player showed no fear in the face of his experienced opponent (对手) and fought bravely until the end. 2．As the family waited anxiously outside the operating room, they hoped the surgery (手术) would end successfully. 3．The football tournament (锦标赛) attracted teams from all over the country, with enthusiastic fans flooding into the stadium. 4．A positive attitude is an essential ingredient (要素) for overcoming difficulties in study, which enables you to face challenges bravely. 5．When under intense study pressure, the nerve (意志力) to stay calm and focused is what enables students to perform well in exams. 6．In our school basketball match last week, our class defeated (击败) Class 4, which made us wild with joy. 7．The sun burst (突然出现) through the clouds after the heavy rain, painting a beautiful rainbow in the sky. 8．The ambitious company seized (夺取) the market share by launching a series of innovative products, surpassing its competitors. 9．In the school science exhibition project, the students demonstrated remarkable teamwork (协作).Each member contributed their unique skills and knowledge. 10．After suffering a serious injury, the famous athlete made a remarkable comeback (东山再起), winning the hearts of his fans once again. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每小题1分，共8分) 1．The athlete desired to win the game intensely (intense), which motivated him to train day and night. 2．When she heard the good news, she burst into tears of joy, unable to contain her excitement. 3．After receiving the urgent assignment (assign) from the boss, he immediately got down to business, determined to complete it before the deadline. 4．The teacher illustrated the complex scientific principles vividly (vivid) during the experiment class. 5．During the English project, each group was assigned (assign) a different topic, and we had to do research and prepare a presentation accordingly. 6．In the 100­meter race, the athlete ran at his top speed and left all his opponents (opponent) behind. 7．In the community­service volunteer activity, the cooperation (cooperate) of volunteers from different backgrounds made the project highly effective. 8．Despite facing numerous setbacks and rejections, she remained steely (steel) in her pursuit of her dreams. Ⅲ.完成句子(每小题2分，共10分) 1．学生们手里拿着书走进教室，准备开始新一天的学习。 The students entered the classroom with books in their hands, ready to start a new day of learning. 2．每晚获得充足的睡眠，能让我们的身体恢复和焕发生机，保证更好的身心健康。 Getting enough sleep every night allows our bodies to recover and refresh, ensuring better physical and mental health. 3．我们学校的学习氛围非常积极且鼓舞人心，学生们总是渴望在这样的氛围中探索新知识。 The learning atmosphere in our school is extremely positive and inspiring, where students are always eager to explore new knowledge． 4．学生们成功完成了小组项目，此前他们已经紧密合作了数周。 The students finished their group project successfully, having worked together closely for weeks． 5．在这名经验丰富的老师指导下，辩论队取得了显著进步，迅速提升了他们的沟通能力。 Guided by the experienced teacher，the debate team made remarkable progress, improving their communication skills rapidly. Ⅳ.课文语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) The Chinese women's volleyball team has long held a special place in the nation's heart.In the 1980s, they burst 1 onto the international stage, 2 winning (win) multiple major world titles.Their victory over the US in the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics was particularly 3 remarkable (remark), making them national heroes overnight. In Rio, the team faced a tough start in the “group of death”．With only two wins in the preliminaries, they managed 4 to reach (reach) the quarter­finals.But they didn't give in to the pressure.Each player, 5 including (include) Hui Ruoqi who had undergone heart surgery just months before, gave her all.In the quarter­finals, they staged an epic comeback against the defending champion Brazil.In the semi­finals, they avenged their earlier 6 loss (lose) to the Netherlands.Finally, in a thrilling final against Serbia, they displayed steely nerves and a strong will 7 to claim (claim) the gold medal. Their success was attributed to not only their fighting spirit 8 but the outstanding team spirit.As Zhu Ting, the MVP of the Rio Olympics, emphasized, teamwork was the decisive factor.9 Led (lead) by the renowned coach Lang Ping, the team will keep striving for greater heights and always be ready to take 10 on new challenges after every triumph. Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共10分) (2025·安徽江淮名校高二上期中)In the town of Elmsworth, where the sun rose gently over the horizon each morning, lived a young woman named Sarah.Her days were filled with the familiar rhythm of her job at the local bookstore, but her heart yearned for something more.Sarah dreamed of running a marathon, a challenge that seemed as daunting as the open road that stretched beyond her small town. Sarah's journey began with a single step.She started by running around the block, her legs heavy and her breath short.Each day, she pushed herself a little further, her determination growing with every mile.She trained through the hot summers and the cold winters, her dream of crossing the marathon finish line fueling her every step. Her friends and family watched her transformation with a mix of awe and concern.They had never seen Sarah so focused, so driven.Some doubted her ability to complete such a grueling race, but Sarah paid no attention to their skepticism.She believed in her dream and was willing to put in the work to make it a reality. As the marathon date approached, Sarah's training intensified.She ran longer distances, climbed steep hills, and practiced her pacing strategy.Her body ached, and there were days when every step was a struggle, but she never wavered in her commitment. The day of the marathon finally arrived.Sarah stood at the starting line, her heart pounding with a mixture of excitement and nerves.Around her, thousands of runners prepared for the challenge ahead, their faces reflecting the same determination she felt. The gun fired, and the race began.Sarah's feet hit the pavement, her body moving in a rhythm she had practiced countless times.The miles passed, and with each one, she felt herself getting closer to her dream.The last few miles were the hardest.Her legs burned, and her lungs ached for air, but Sarah refused to give up.She dug deep, finding strength in her dream and the months of training that had brought her to this point.As she crossed the finish line, exhaustion and elation washed over her in equal measure.She had done it.She had run a marathon, a feat that had once seemed impossible. Sarah's journey was not just about completing a race; it was about proving to herself that she was capable of achieving her dreams.Her story inspired others in her town to chase their own dreams, no matter how daunting they may seem. [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了Sarah为了实现自己跑马拉松的梦想而坚持不懈的故事。 1．What difficulty did Sarah meet on her journey of running? A．Her poor health condition. B．Extra burden of her job at the local bookstore. C．Everyday harsh and unbearable weather. D．The doubt from some friends and family members. 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第三段的“Some doubted her ability to complete such a grueling race, but Sarah paid no attention to their skepticism.”可知，Sarah 在跑步过程中遇到的困难就是来自一些朋友和家人的怀疑。故选D。 2．What qualities do you think best describe Sarah? A．Determined and committed. B．Persistent and caring. C．Ambitious and adventurous. D．Capable and cautious. 解析：选A。推理判断题。根据第二段的描述“Each day, she pushed herself a little further, her determination growing with every mile.She trained through the hot summers and the cold winters.”这些都体现出她坚定(determined)且有决心(committed)的品质。故选A。 3．What does the underlined word “wavered” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Believed. B．Persisted. C．Hesitated. D．Distinguished. 解析：选C。词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Her body ached, and there were days when every step was a struggle (她的身体疼痛，有时每走一步都很艰难)”结合but表示转折，推测虽然有困难但她从未动摇过自己的决心，wavered的意思是“动摇、犹豫”。故选C。 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．An Inspiring Marathon B．Running Towards a Dream C．Achieving Her Dream D．Dreaming for the Impossible 解析：选B。主旨大意题。文章主要讲述Sarah为了实现跑马拉松的梦想而努力奋斗的过程，重点是她朝着梦想奔跑的这个历程。故B项“Running Towards a Dream(朝着梦想奔跑)”最适合作为标题。故选B。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2025·河北张家口高二上期末)In the fast­paced world, finding time for a workout can feel like an impossible task.Between work commitments, family responsibilities, and social engagements, it's easy to put our fitness on the back burner (暂时搁置).1( ) These game­changing tips will help you integrate exercise into your busy routine. 2( ) But what if we could turn this daily routine into a golden opportunity for self­care? Consider changing your car keys for a bike or your own two feet.If the distance is too great, try parking a bit farther from your destination and enjoy a quick walk.These seemingly small changes can have a significant impact on your daily activity levels.3( ) Another way is to buy a smart exercise machine.It may cost huge money, but the long­term benefits are significant.Just think about the time and money saved on commuting (通勤) and gym.4( )．With a quality exercise machine at home, you can have a quick workout whenever you have spare time.Plus you can also choose the machine that suits your lifestyle and space perfectly—from connect bikes to smart rowers and fitness mirrors, there's something for everyone. Do remember that lunch breaks are not just for fueling your body.5( )．You can walk to and from a restaurant close to where you work.If you work from home, explore the neighborhood or jump on your smart exercise machine.Not only does this practice keep you fit, but it also refreshes your mind for the second half of the day. A．But don't fear, busy men. B．Turn your everyday housework into exercise opportunities. C．They can keep you fit without requiring extra workout time. D．They can also serve as a perfect window for a quick workout. E．For many of us, commuting is a necessary time­consuming activity. F．We understand the challenges of keeping track of your fitness levels. G．No more planning your day around gym hours or waiting for a free machine. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在忙碌的生活中保持锻炼的一些具体建议。 1．解析：选A。设空处承上启下。前文提到在快节奏世界中找时间锻炼似乎不可能，容易搁置健身。后文又说有改变局面的建议能帮你将锻炼融入繁忙日程，所以这里需要一个转折，A 选项 “But don't fear, busy men.(但是忙碌的人们，不要害怕)”符合语境，起到承上启下的作用，引出后文的建议。故选A。 2．解析：选E。设空处是段首句。后文提到把开车换成骑车或步行，距离远就把车停远点再步行，这都是关于通勤方式的改变。E 项(对我们很多人来说，通勤是一项必要且耗时的活动)引出了通过改变通勤方式来锻炼这一话题，与后文衔接紧密。故选E。 3．解析：选C。设空处承接上文。前文讲通过改变通勤方式锻炼，这些看似小的改变能对日常活动水平有重大影响，C 项(它们能让你保持健康，无须额外的锻炼时间)进一步阐述了这种方式的好处，即不用额外花时间锻炼就能保持健康，是对前文的补充说明。故选C。 4．解析：选G。设空处承接上文。根据前文“It may cost huge money, but the long­term benefits are significant.Just think about the time and money saved on commuting (通勤) and gym.”指出智能健身器材虽贵但有长期好处，因此G项(不用再围绕健身房营业时间来安排你的一天，也不用再等空闲的器材)符合语境，进一步阐释在家使用健身器材的便利，承接前文。故选G。 5．解析：选D。设空处承上启下。前文说午休时间不只是为了给身体补充能量，D 选项 “They can also serve as a perfect window for a quick workout.(它们也可以作为快速锻炼的绝佳时机)”，其中 “they” 指代午休时间，表明午休时间还能用来锻炼，与前文形成递进关系，符合语境。故选D。 Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) (2025·福建师范大学附中高二上期中)I have had no interest in football for as long as I can remember.While my classmates played, I 1 to stay in the library.I never 2 the passion for the game and would throw away the sports section of the newspaper, as if it 3 the rest of it.As I grew up, I proudly wore my 4 ． But occasionally, whether in a taxi or when meeting a friend's father, I found myself faced with a 5 opener like, “Terrible season we're having, eh？” or simply, “Who do you support？” My heart sank, knowing my response would unavoidably 6 them, despite their good intentions. I realized that my 7 had closed off many conversations, outings, and even potential friendships I might have 8 enjoyed.Although I couldn't change the fact that I found football boring, I began to regret being a(n) 9 ． Then I became a father.I didn't want my boy to 10 this valuable social experience, so I took him to watch the Lions play.During those matches, we sat close to the field, surrounded by families who had a genuine 11 with the players.My kid's questions kept me somewhat 12 in the game.Slowly, I started to 13 for the Lions. During one victorious match, we even met David, the Captain, who happily 14 for a photo with my son. 15 ，I had an answer to the question，“Who do you support？” [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了儿子让作者逐渐对足球感兴趣的故事。 1． A．preferred B．intended C．wished D．pretended 解析：选A。根据上文“I have had no interest in football”可知，作者对足球不感兴趣，因此当同学们在玩的时候，他更喜欢(preferred)待在图书馆。故选A。 2． A．believed B．understood C．noticed D．hid 解析：选B。我从来不理解(understood)人们对这项运动的热情，我会扔掉报纸的体育版面，好像它毒害了其余的部分。故选B。 3． A．confused B．poisoned C．defended D．preserved 解析：选B。作者会扔掉报纸的体育版面，好像它 “poisoned(毒害，破坏)” 了报纸的其他部分一样，这里用 “poisoned” 形象地表达出作者对足球相关内容的厌恶，认为它破坏了整个报纸的阅读体验。 4． A．doubt B．smile C．confidence D．dislike 解析：选D。前文一直强调作者对足球的不喜欢，所以这里应是他自豪地表现出自己的 “dislike(不喜欢)”。故选D。 5． A．well­informed B．well­prepared C．well­meant D．well­presented 解析：选C。根据后文 “despite their good intentions” 可知，人们问的这些关于足球的开场问题是 “well­meant(善意的)”。故选C。 6． A．challenge B．disturb C．amuse D．disappoint 解析：选D。因为作者对足球不感兴趣，所以他的回答不可避免地会让那些善意提问的人 “disappoint(失望)”。故选D。 7． A．attitude B．personality C．interest D．habit 解析：选A。作者意识到自己对足球不感兴趣的 “attitude(态度)” 阻碍了很多交流、外出活动和潜在的友谊。故选A。 8． A．otherwise B．ever C．still D．therefore 解析：选A。“otherwise” 在这里表示 “否则，要不然”，意思是如果不是因为自己对足球的态度，本可以享受这些交流、外出和潜在的友谊。 9． A．loser B．fan C．outsider D．passer­by 解析：选C。作者因为对足球的态度，感觉自己像是个 “outsider(局外人)”，错过了很多社交机会，所以开始后悔。故选C。 10．A．go wild for B．turn away from C．get the hang of D．miss out on 解析：选D。作者成为父亲后，不想让孩子 “miss out on(错过)” 这种有价值的社交体验，所以带他去看比赛。故选D。 11．A．agreement B．conversation C．competition D．connection 解析：选D。在比赛中，周围的家庭和球员之间有一种真正的 “connection(联系)”，这种氛围感染着作者和他的孩子。故选D。 12．A．stressed B．engaged C．successful D．busy 解析：选B。孩子的问题让作者在比赛中 “engaged(参与，投入)” 了一些，慢慢地开始关注比赛。故选B。 13．A．cheer B．change C．vote D．play 解析：选A。慢慢地，作者开始为球队 “cheer(欢呼，加油)”，“cheer for” 是固定搭配，符合语境。故选A。 14．A．danced B．waved C．posed D．clapped 解析：选C。“posed for a photo” 表示 “摆姿势拍照”，比赛获胜后，队长 David 很高兴地和作者的儿子摆姿势拍照。故选C。 15．A．Gradually B．Finally C．Unexpectedly D．Luckily 解析：选B。作者从对足球不感兴趣到开始支持球队，所以 “Finally(最后)”，他有了 “你支持谁？” 这个问题的答案。 Section Ⅳ　Writing—Writing about a sporting moment 本单元的写作任务是 “描述一个运动时刻”。描述一个体育运动时刻属于记叙文文体，写作时，可以从事件的起因、经过、结果以及情感等方面作简单介绍。文章以第一、第三人称为主，常用一般过去时对过往事件进行描述。 Ⅰ.谨记写作范式 Ⅱ.积累话题素材 [常用词汇] ①fight for... 为……拼搏 ②dream of 梦想 ③compete with 与……竞争 ④win honor for 为……赢得荣誉 ⑤take part in 参加 ⑥cheer on 加油 ⑦fulfill one's dream 实现某人的梦想 ⑧pass the finishing line 冲过终点线 ⑨strengthen one's friendship 增进友谊 ⑩improve one's skill 提高技能 [出彩佳句] 1．首段常用句式 ①I watched the final of the 4×100m relay at our sports meeting held on Monday. 在星期一举行的运动会上，我观看了4×100米接力赛的决赛。 ②A sports meeting was held in my school on 15 September.Some joined in the competitions while some just watched them. 9月15日，我校举行了一场运动会。有些人参加了比赛，有些人只是观看了比赛。 ③What impressed me most was the football match. 让我印象最深刻的就是足球比赛了。 ④It is one of the unforgettable moments that I have ever experienced. 这是我所经历过的难忘的时刻之一。 ⑤We held a sports meeting in the school stadium，during which we were in high spirits. 我们在学校体育场举行了一场运动会，运动会期间我们都情绪高昂。 2．中段常用句式 ①Before the race，every competitor was quiet and still.I had never imagined that the atmosphere at a sports event could be so intense. 比赛前，每位选手都静止不动。我从未想到一项体育赛事的气氛会如此紧张。 ②He stood at the starting line，looking relaxed and confident. 他站在起跑线上，看上去轻松又自信。 ③When the runners set off，everyone went wild! 当赛跑运动员们起跑时，大家都疯狂起来！ ④I could see the runners running as fast as they could. 我看到赛跑运动员们都尽力奔跑。 ⑤Unfortunately，he fell down and his left foot was badly hurt. 不幸的是，他摔倒了，左脚严重受伤。 ⑥Everyone was on their feet，cheering.I was also caught up in the excitement and cheered so hard that I thought my lungs would burst! 大家都站起来欢呼。我也沉浸在兴奋之中，用力欢呼，我觉得自己的肺都快要爆裂了！ 3．尾段常用句式 ①I believe this moment will remain a precious memory for all of us. 我相信这一时刻将成为我们所有人的珍贵回忆。 ②It was such a wonderful moment that I enjoyed its speed and passion. 这是如此精彩的时刻，我享受这一刻的速度和激情。 ③Though he didn't win the race，he won our admiration. 尽管他没有赢得赛跑，但他赢得了我们的赞赏。 ④The sports meeting is successfully completed.Not only do we have fun，but we learn to take pride in our partners，cheer for them and help them when they are in need. 运动会圆满结束。我们不仅玩得开心，而且学会了为我们的伙伴骄傲，为他们欢呼，并在他们需要时帮助他们。 上周，你校举办了运动会。你班的李华同学报名参加了100米短跑比赛，他在运动会中的表现让全班非常感动。请你用英语为校报写一篇短文。要点如下： 1．赛场上的情景； 2．你的感受。 注意：写作词数应为80左右。 Step 1　审题谋篇·定框架 定人称 以第一和第三人称为主 定时态 以一般过去时为主 定框架 第一段：总体介绍比赛项目； 第二段：详细介绍比赛过程； 第三段：你的感受。 Step 2　要点翻译·用佳句 1．上周，一场运动会在我们学校的操场上举行了。100米短跑比赛让我印象深刻。 Last week, a sports meeting was held on our school's playground.And the 100­meter dash left a deep impression on me． [升级]　用what引导主语从句升级第二句 What impressed me most was the 100­meter dash. 2．比赛前，所有运动员都站在起跑线上，他们的眼中充满了决心和自信。 Before the race, all the athletes stood at the starting line and their eyes were filled with determination and self­belief． [升级]　用with的复合结构升级句子 Before the race, all the athletes stood at the starting line, with their eyes filled with determination and self­belief. 3．随着发令枪响，他们如箭般向前冲去。 As the starting gun fired, they dashed forward like arrows． 4．其中最出色的选手之一是我班的李华。他在激烈的竞争中奋力拼搏。 One of the most remarkable runners was Li Hua from my class, who fought his way in the fierce competition． 5．他一个接一个地超越对手，这真的出乎我们的意料。 He surpassed his opponents one after another, which was truly beyond our expectations． 6．虽然他没有击败所有其他对手，但他的表现仍然很出色。他的队友张鹏赢得了第一名。 Although he didn't defeat all the other opponents, his performance was still outstanding.His teammate, Zhang Peng, won the first place． 7．这不仅是速度的展示，更是永不放弃精神的体现，给每一个目睹这场激动人心比赛的人都留下了深刻的印象。 It was a display of not only speed but also the spirit of never giving up, which left a deep impression on everyone who witnessed this thrilling race. [升级]　用现在分词作状语升级句子 In the end, it was a display of not only speed but also the spirit of never giving up, leaving a deep impression on everyone who witnessed this thrilling race. Step 3　连句成篇·达美文 Last week, a sports meeting was held on our school's playground.What impressed me most was the 100­meter dash. Before the race, all the athletes stood at the starting line, with their eyes filled with determination and self­belief.As the starting gun fired, they dashed forward like arrows.One of the most remarkable runners was Li Hua, who fought his way in the fierce competition.He surpassed his opponents one after another, which was truly beyond our expectations.Although he didn't defeat all the other opponents, his performance was still outstanding.His teammate, Zhang Peng, won the first place. In the end, it was a display of not only speed but also the spirit of never giving up, leaving a deep impression on everyone who witnessed this thrilling race. 主题：篮球比赛 人物 描写 ①self­belief 　　 n.自信 ②remarkable adj.非凡的；不寻常的 ③steely adj.钢铁般的；坚定的 ④nerve n．意志力 ⑤teammate 　　 n.队友 ⑥cooperation n．合作，协作 ⑦teamwork n．合作，协作 动作 描写 ①cheat v.欺骗，作弊 ②burst v．突然出现 ③defeat v．战胜，打败 ④seize v．夺取；抓住 ⑤pay off 取得成功 ⑥carry on 继续 ⑦burst onto 突然出现在……(指突然成功) 描述 词汇 ①vivid adj.生动的，逼真的 ②intense adj.紧张的，激烈的 ③beyond one's expectation(s) 超出某人的预期 [语段情景用]　上个月，我们校篮球队参加比赛，所有努力得到了回报…… Last month，our school basketball team participated in a tournament.All the members 1.showed the spirit of teamwork (表现出了团队合作的精神).David，captain of our team, 2.had a remarkable talent for basketball (在篮球方面有着非凡的天赋) and was good at making use of (用本单元词汇替换黑体词汇： 3.seizing) every opportunity to score.When he scored，all of his teammates 4.burst into cheers (欢呼起来).With steely nerves，they 5.defeated the opponents (击败对手)，and their team entered the final. When they played in the fierce (用本单元词汇替换黑体词汇：6.intense) final，they met with a lot of trouble.However，they never gave up as they believed success could only be gained 7.through self­belief and hard work (通过自信和努力).Thanks to their perseverance，their efforts 8.paid off (得到了回报). 单元过关检测卷(三) [Unit 3] (满分：120分　时间：100分钟) 第一部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A (2025·辽宁重点中学协作校高二上期末)What is scuba diving? Explained briefly, scuba diving is a water sport that involves breathing air from a tank while underwater.Most scuba divers are recreational (娱乐的) divers who explore underwater environments.There are also people who scuba dive for work including public safety divers, marine biologists and many others. How is scuba diving done? You might choose the dive site and invite friends.Either way, your plan should include diving with at least one other person in case anything goes wrong underwater.Once you decide where you want to dive and for how long, you'll choose the appropriate scuba equipment. When the dive day arrives, you'll check the dive conditions one more time.If everything looks good, you'll head to the dock or dive site with your gear. Who can scuba dive? Scuba diving is open to anyone eight years old or older who is comfortable in the water.There is no upper age limit.At age ten, kids can earn a Junior Open Water certification. To learn to dive, you must have basic swimming skills and no underlying health conditions.People of all abilities can scuba dive, including individuals with physical challenges. Is scuba diving safe? With the right training, scuba diving is considerably safer than other popular activities.Statistics show you're more likely to get injured while fishing, playing golf, snowboarding or even bowling than scuba diving.The most common medical issues associated with scuba diving are preventable such as sunburn and seasickness. Experience life authentic Scuba diving is one of the few experiences where you can see fascinating animals in their natural habitat.When you immerse yourself in the world beneath the waves, you leave text messages and to­do lists behind.It's the perfect escape from the demands of the surface world. Take the first step to leading a more extraordinary life.Click the button below to get started. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了水肺潜水这项水上运动。 1．What is the lower age limit for getting a Junior Open Water certification? A．8. B．10. C．18. D．No age limit. 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据Who can scuba dive？部分中“At age ten, kids can earn a Junior Open Water certification.(十岁的孩子可以获得初级开放水域潜水证书)”可知，获得初级开放水域潜水证书的最低年龄是10岁。故选B项。 2．What do we know about scuba diving according to the passage? A．Scuba diving is no safer than snowboarding. B．Physically disabled people mustn't go scuba diving. C．All scuba divers engage in diving activities for recreational purposes. D．Scuba diving can serve as a great way to escape the stress of daily life. 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据Experience life authentic部分中当你沉浸在波浪下的世界中时，你会把短信和待办事项清单抛在脑后。这是逃离地面世界各种要求的完美方式可知，水肺潜水可以让你暂时忘记日常生活的压力，是逃离这些压力的好方法。故选D。 3．Where is the passage most probably taken from? A．A brochure. B．A newspaper. C．A web page. D．A leaflet. 解析：选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Take the first step to leading a more extraordinary life.Click the button below to get started.(迈出走向非凡生活的第一步。点击下面的按钮开始第一步)”可知，文章最后提到了点击按钮，这暗示该文章很可能来自网页。故选C。 B (2025·湖南师大附中高二上期末)Each Olympic Games features athletes pushing the boundaries of human limits, but the Paris Olympics are particularly notable in this regard.At the Paris Olympics, records were broken through group improvement rather than individual breakthroughs.In the men's 10，000 meters, 13 athletes broke the record, with Joshua Cheptegei winning in 26：43.14.The women's 400 meters final saw all nine athletes finish under 50 seconds. The amazing purple track may account for that.The purple runway of the Paris Olympics is inspired by lavender fields in Provence, southern France.This color not only symbolizes the romance and elegance of France, but also shows the natural scenery and cultural heritage of France. The design concept and purpose of the purple runway is to bring a sense of freshness and a unique viewing experience through non­traditional color selection.Alain Blondel, the head of athletics for the Paris Olympics, noted that this design not only creates a strong visual contrast between the track and the spectators during television broadcasts, highlighting the athletes, but also helps athletes perform better. Purple is considered a cool color, which can create a sense of calm and stability.Unlike blue, another cool color, purple also includes elements of red, a warm color that adds a sense of energy and expansion.This combination of red's warmth and blue's coolness gives purple a balanced effect—it calms without being too soft, helping to maintain a steady yet motivated emotional state. This runway is not only eye­catching for its unique color, but also hides the secrets of high technology.The runway is made of high­tech materials developed by Mondo, which have excellent durability and elasticity, and can provide the best competitive condition.Kipchoge, the marathon world record holder, praised the impact and resilience of the runway.Track and field legend Carl Lewis also conducted a comprehensive test of the runway.He believed that the runway can maintain stable performance in all climate conditions and that athletes all over the world would love this track full of creativity and technology. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了巴黎奥运会的紫色跑道，解释了背后的科学原理和技术。 4．How does the author prove his point in the first paragraph? A．By making comparisons. B．By analyzing causes. C．By presenting opinions. D．By giving examples. 解析：选D。推理判断题。根据第一段“In the men's 10，000 meters, 13 athletes broke the record, with Joshua Cheptegei winning in 26：43.14.The women's 400 meters final saw all nine athletes finish under 50 seconds.”可推断出作者通过具体的例子来解释他的观点。故选D。 5．What contributes to the excellent performance of the Paris Olympians? A．The unconventional color of the runway. B．The beautiful scenery of France. C．The romantic atmosphere in Paris. D．The motivation of Olympic spirit. 解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第三段第二句话的描述：这种设计不仅在电视转播时在跑道和观众之间创造了强烈的视觉对比，突出了运动员，还有助于运动员取得更好的成绩。可知，跑道的非传统颜色促成了巴黎奥运会选手的出色表现。故选A。 6．What advantage does purple have according to the passage? A．Creating a sense of calm and stability like blue. B．Helping athletes to develop a balanced personality. C．Having a stronger sense of energy in comparison with red. D．Contributing to keeping a stable yet encouraged state. 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第四段的描述可知，紫色是冷色，能创造平静和稳定的感觉，而且它结合了红色的温暖和蓝色的冷静，有一种平衡的效果，能让人保持稳定但又有动力的情绪状态。故选D。 7．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．The technological virtue of the purple track. B．The outstanding performance of great athletes. C．The promising future of the purple runway. D．The overall quality tests on the new runway. 解析：选A。主旨大意题。最后一段主要讲了跑道不仅颜色独特吸引人，还隐藏着高科技的秘密。具体介绍了跑道是由高科技材料制成，具有优异的耐久性和弹性，能提供最佳比赛状态，还提到了马拉松世界纪录保持者和田径传奇人物对跑道的评价。主要是关于紫色跑道的技术优势。故选A。 C (2025·浙江杭州高二上期中)“When I was young, I told my mother that I would go to China to learn kung fu one day.She didn't believe it at the time.When I got there, I immediately called her and said, ‘Mom, guess where I am.I'm at the Shaolin Temple！’，” says Max Yollando, a young man from Cote d'Ivoire, sharing his attachment to Chinese culture. Yollando is also known as Yanming, the Chinese name he was given by his teacher at the Shaolin Temple, where the “Shaolin kung fu” was born, and which today is like a magnet for fans from all over the world. At the time, Yollando was a student at the Felix Houphouet­Boigny University in Abidjan.Motivated by his passion for Chinese culture, he signed up at the Confucius Institute to study Chinese.In late 2016, he had the opportunity to visit the temple in Henan Province on a three­month exchange.This experience defined his close relationship with traditional Chinese culture. After returning to Cote d'Ivoire, Yollando continued to practice Chinese and study traditional Chinese culture.In July 2017, he returned to the Shaolin Temple again and remained there for six years.His years at the temple of reading, exercising, practicing kung fu and meditation (冥想) greatly changed him, and allowed him to better understand and appreciate traditional Chinese culture. He says the most impressive things he noticed that rooted in Chinese culture are the love of work, respect and recognition.At the end of 2022, when he completed his studies at the temple, he began working at a Shaolin cultural center in Zambia.The first of its kind in Africa, the center is home to 30 orphans, who are taught Chinese language and traditional Chinese culture, including kung fu, as part of the course. For Yollando, the purpose of studying Chinese culture was to be able to return to Africa to introduce Chinese values to his compatriots (同胞).“The culture fascinated me because in China, people make an effort to work better, and they are very respectful and grateful to their family and country，” he says. [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了来自科特迪瓦的Max Yollando从小热爱中国功夫，在少林寺学习了六年，回到非洲后，他致力于传播中国传统文化。 8．Which has the similar meaning with the underlined word “attachment” in Paragraph 1? A．Confusion. B．Disappointment. C．Affection. D．Investigation. 解析：选C。词义猜测题。根据第一段中 “When I was young, I told my mother that I would go to China to learn kung fu one day.” 可知，Yollando 从小就想去中国学功夫，可见他对中国文化充满喜爱。“attachment” 在此处意为 “喜爱，依恋”，与 “Affection” 意思相近。故选C。 9．What made Yollando truly related to traditional Chinese culture? A．Learning Chinese at the Confucius Institute. B．Visiting the Shaolin Temple in Henan Province. C．Reading traditional Chinese culture books. D．Working at a Shaolin cultural center. 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句话的描述 可知，2016 年末他到河南少林寺进行为期三个月的交流访问，这次经历让他与中国传统文化建立了紧密联系。所以是参观河南少林寺让 Yollando 真正与中国传统文化产生关联。故选B。 10．Which of the following can best describe Yollando? A．Brave. B．Determined. C．Humorous. D．Organized. 解析：选B。推理判断题。Yollando 从小就立志来中国学功夫，之后努力学习中文，抓住机会到少林寺交流，后来又在少林寺学习了六年，最后致力于在非洲传播中国文化，这些都体现出他为追求自己对中国文化的热爱，坚持不懈，非常坚定(determined)。故选B。 11．What can we learn about the Shaolin cultural center in Zambia? A．Its courses are all about Chinese culture. B．It was funded by the Shaolin Temple. C．It is an official authorized agency. D．It is a charity. 解析：选D。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句话的描述可知，该中心收留了 30 名孤儿，并教授他们中文和中国传统文化等课程，由此可推断它具有慈善性质，是一个慈善机构。故选D。 D (2025·安徽部分学校高二上检测)Everyone has their own way to “recharge” their sense of well­being—something that makes them feel good physically, emotionally, and spiritually even if they aren't consciously aware of it.Personally, I know that few things can improve my day as quickly as a walk around the block or even just getting up from my desk and doing some push­ups.A hike through the woods is ideal when I can make it happen.But that's me.It's not simply that I enjoy these activities but also that they literally make me feel better and clear my mind. Mental health and physical health are closely connected.No kidding—what's good for the body is often good for the mind.Knowing what you can do physically that has this effect for you will change your day and your life. Physical activity has many well­established mental health benefits.These are published in the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans and include improved brain health and cognitive function (the ability to think, if you will), a reduced risk of anxiety and depression, and improved sleep and overall quality of life.Although not a cure­all, increasing physical activity directly contributes to improved mental health and better overall health and well­being. Learning how to routinely manage stress and getting screened for depression are simply good prevention practices.Awareness is especially critical at this time of year when disruptions to healthy habits and choices can be more likely and more annoying. Shorter days and colder temperatures have a way of interrupting routines—as do the holidays, with both their joys and their stresses.When the plentiful sunshine and clear skies of temperate months give way to unpredictable weather, less daylight, and festive gatherings, it may happen unconsciously or seem natural to be upset from being less physically active.However, that tendency is precisely why it's so important that we are ever more mindful of our physical and emotional health—and how we can maintain both—during this time of year. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了体育活动对身心健康的作用。 12．What's the author's best way to recharge his well­being? A．High­intensity exercise. B．Sitting at the desk. C．Staying nearby woods. D．Slight exercise. 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句话的描述可知，作者认为绕街区散步、做俯卧撑或在树林中徒步等轻微运动能快速改善心情，让自己感觉良好，这些都属于轻微运动，故选D。 13．What does the author imply in Paragraph 3? A．Physical activity is closely connected with mental health. B．Increasing physical activity has no cure to brain health. C．Physical activity has a risk of anxiety and depression. D．Good quality of life leaves little time for physical activity. 解析：选A。推理判断题。第三段指出体育活动对心理健康有诸多益处，如改善大脑健康、认知功能，降低焦虑和抑郁风险，改善睡眠和整体生活质量等，这表明体育活动与心理健康密切相关。故选A。 14．What does the underlined word “disruptions” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Achievements. B．Improvements. C．Disturbances. D．Contributions. 解析：选C。词义猜测题。根据画线单词后面的“to healthy habits and choices can be more likely and more annoying.(对健康的习惯和选择的……更可能也更令人讨厌)”可知，能够让人讨厌、恼火的肯定是对健康习惯的破坏。所以，画线单词disruption的意义为“破坏、妨碍”，与destruction意义一致。故选C。 15．Why does the author mention shorter days, colder temperatures and festivals? A．To remind us of the hard times of life. B．To let us mind physical and mental health. C．To tell what kind of life we all experience. D．To tell us many things are unpredictable. 解析：选B。推理判断题。最后一段提到白天变短、气温降低和节日等因素会打乱日常生活规律，导致人们减少身体活动，进而影响身心健康。作者提及这些是为了强调在一年中的这个时候，我们更要关注自己的身心健康。故选B。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 (2025·河南濮阳高二上期末)Most people spend a lot of their lives on their feet, just getting from here to there.Though it may seem less than self­evident, it turns out that not wearing shoes when walking or running could be beneficial for foot­strength, balance, and the awareness of body motion.16( )．However, the ability to use one's feet prop$