UNIT 2 Onwards and upwards-【正禾一本通】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修1同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（外研版）

I am Xiaohe, a high school student.Life has thrown many challenges in my way.I once got rejected when I applied for a contest, which really upset me.Some classmates even criticized my attempt, but that didn't stop me.I was informed that my initial plan might not work, yet I was determined to move forward.Nevertheless, I didn't give up.I believed that hard work doesn't guarantee immediate success, but it's always worthwhile.Every setback is a blessing in disguise.I kept working, applying what I learned to new situations.In the end, the outcome of my efforts was delightful.I proved that I am worthy of achieving my goals, and no matter how many times I am turned down, I will keep striving. Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas Step One　Lead­in Have you ever had a dream that seemed very difficult to achieve? What was it and how did you try to make it come true? Yes, I once had such a dream.I once wanted to become a good guitarist.At the beginning, I met with many setbacks, but I persevered and practised hard.Eventually, I am good at playing the guitar. Step Two　Read for the main idea 1．Match the main idea with each paragraph. Para.1　 A．Success rarely happens overnight, and many successful writers have faced rejection. Para.2 B．Three sisters from Victorian England had great perseverance. Para.3 C．J.D.Salinger also had to face criticism along with rejections. Para.4 D．Hard work and luck play a part, and perseverance is the key. Para.5 E．Take for example J．K.Rowling. 答案：Para.1—A　Para.2—E　Para.3—C　 Para.4—B　Para.5—D 2．What's mainly talked about in the text? A．Talent is the most important factor for a writer's success. B．Writers should avoid rejection by pleasing publishers. C．Success as a writer requires perseverance despite difficulties. D．Only famous writers face rejections and criticism. 答案：C Step Three　Read for details Ⅰ.Read Para.1 carefully and do the following exercise. What can we learn from Paragraph 1? A．As long as we stick to writing，we can all become writers. B．It is very normal for many writers to receive rejections of their works. C．The publisher's reply will be a delight to the author. D．The more successful a writer is, the more rejection letters he receives. 答案：B Ⅱ.Read Para.2 carefully and do the following exercise. What was J．K. Rowling's initial reaction when she got her first rejection letter? A．She felt extremely disappointed and sad. B．She considered it as a common experience. C．She decided to give up writing immediately. D．She thought it was a sign of her failure. 答案：B Ⅲ.Read Para.3 carefully and do the following exercise. What is special about J．D.Salinger from other writers mentioned in this passage? A．He had faced many rejections before his novel was published. B．He once wanted to give up trying but later changed his mind. C．He worked on his novel when serving in the army. D．His novel was not popular when it was published. 答案：C Ⅳ.Read Para.4 carefully and do the following exercises. 1．Which of the following can best describe the Brontë sisters? A．Intelligent and considerate. B．Talented and strong­minded. C．Gentle and generous. D．Wise and hard­working. 2．Why did the three sisters write a book of poems using male names? A．Because women weren't supported to be writers. B．Because they got Robert Southey's objection. C．Because they wanted to see their words in print. D．Because their novels were unsuccessful. 答案：1.B　2.A Ⅴ.Read Para.5 carefully and do the following exercise. Which of the following words can best describe the writers mentioned in the text? A．Enthusiastic. B．Cooperative. C．Persevering. D．Generous. 答案：C Step Four　Consolidation Discuss the following questions with your partners and present your answers to the class. 1．Have you ever experienced a significant rejection in your life? How did you feel at that time, and how did you overcome it? 2．In your own pursuits (such as studies, hobbies, etc.), what can you learn from the perseverance of these writers to help you achieve your goals? Your presentation： Rejection is a common, unpleasant experience that we may face in various aspects of life.By reflecting on how we have dealt with it in the past, we can learn to be resilient.We can also take inspiration from the great writers mentioned in the text to persevere in our own pursuits. ◎ We Regret to Inform You... [1]“We regret to inform① you...” These are the words that every writer dreads② receiving, but words every writer knows well.[2] The response③ from a publisher comes back and the writer eagerly opens and reads it, their hearts sinking when they reach that final sentence.You may have spent years giving④ up your weekends and free time to write your life's work, yet still this is often not enough.Everyone knows that success rarely⑤ happens overnight, but perhaps not many know that a lot of highly successful writers have previously faced rejection⑥. [1]文章首句We regret to inform you...与结尾句We are delighted to inform you...在句式结构方面相同，但regret和are delighted意义相悖，这也正是本文行文妙趣之处。 [2]本句是and连接的并列句。在后一个分句中，their hearts sinking 是独立主格结构作伴随状语，when引导时间状语从句。 Take for example⑦ J．K.Rowling.When she received her first rejection letter, she decided that it meant she now had something in common⑧ with her favourite writers, and stuck⑨ it on her kitchen wall.Rowling had spent years surviving on little money, spending all her time writing.When she finally finished her first book, she received comments from publishers along the lines of “too difficult for children”，“too long”，“Children would not be interested in it”．Nevertheless⑩，she persevered⑪.“I wasn't going to give up until every single publisher turned me down⑫，but I often feared that would happen，” she later posted⑬.After a total of twelve rejections, one publisher eventually agreed to print 500 copies of her first book, and [3]as we know, Harry Potter became a global success, with over 400 million books sold and translated into more than seventy different languages． [3] as“正如，就像”，引导非限制性定语从句，修饰后面整个主句。with over 400 million books sold and translated为with的复合结构作状语。 All too often writers of great works have had to face criticism⑭ along with rejection.J.D.Salinger started writing short stories in high school, but later struggled to [4]get his works published．“We feel that we don't know the central character well enough” was the criticism he received on his manuscript⑮ for The Catcher in the Rye.Despite rejections from several publishers, J．D.Salinger refused to give up.[5]Even when serving in the US Army during the Second World War, he carried six chapters of The Catcher in the Rye with him and worked on the novel throughout his war service. When it was eventually published, the book became an immediate best­seller⑯ and went on to sell millions and millions of copies. [4]get his works published是“使役动词get＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。his works是宾语，published是过去分词作宾补，his works与publish 之间是被动关系。 [5]本句是时间状语从句的省略。其完整形式是when he was serving...Second World War。因主句的主语和从句的主语一致且从句谓语中包含be动词的某种形式，故省略了从句的“主语＋be”部分。主句谓语动词是carried和worked on。 Perhaps the overall prize for perseverance should go to three sisters from Victorian England⑰ who dreamt of seeing their words in print.This, however, was a time when women were not encouraged to become writers.As the then Poet Laureate, Robert Southey, wrote to one of them: “Literature cannot be the business of a woman's life, and it ought not to be.” Nevertheless, the sisters didn't stop trying.Their response was to write a book of poems under male names.Even when the book sold only two copies, the sisters still didn't give up.They started writing novels, and today Charlotte Brontë's Jane Eyre, Emily Brontë's Wuthering Heights and Anne Brontë's Agnes Grey are regarded as classics⑱ of world literature⑲.[6] In fact, it is within the pages of Jane Eyre that we can find these words: “I honour endurance⑳，perseverance, industry, talent; because these are the means by which men achieve great ends...” [6] 本句是强调句，强调地点状语within the pages of Jane Eyre。 by which men achieve great ends是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词means。之所以用介词by是因为该介词与先行词常构成“by...means”的惯用搭配。 So, it seems that talent alone isn't enough to guarantee㉑ success.[7] While a lot of hard work and a touch of luck㉒ play a part, perseverance is the key. Keep trying and eventually you will read the words “We are delighted㉓ to inform you...” [7]本句是复合句，while引导的是让步状语从句，在本句中，while＝although/though。 ◎ ①inform v．通知，告知 inform sb.of sth.告知某人某事 ②dread v．畏惧，惧怕 ③response n．回答，答复；回应 respond v．回答，回应，作出反应 ④spend some time (in) doing sth.＝spend some time on sth.花费时间做某事 ⑤rarely adv.很少，难得 rare adj.罕见的，稀有的 ⑥rejection n．拒绝，否决 reject vt.拒绝，抵制 ⑦take for example sb./sth.＝take sb./sth.for example以某人/某物为例；就拿某人/某物来说吧 ⑧have sth.in common 有共同之处 have much/a lot in common 有很多共同之处 have little/nothing in common 没有共同之处 ⑨stick (stuck；stuck) v．粘住，粘贴 ⑩nevertheless adv.然而，不过 ⑪persevere v．锲而不舍，坚持不懈 ⑫turn down 拒绝；调小 turn up 调大；到达，出现 ⑬post v．公布，发布，说；发帖 ⑭criticism n．批评；指责 criticize v．批评；指责 critic n．批评家；评论家；评论员 critical adj.批判的；关键的，极其重要的 ⑮manuscript n．手稿，底稿 ⑯best­seller n．畅销书；畅销产品 ⑰three sisters from Victorian England 指英国十九世纪维多利亚时代著名作家“勃朗特三姐妹” ⑱classic n．名著；经典作品 ⑲world literature 世界文学 ⑳endurance n．(忍)耐力 endure v．忍耐，忍受 ㉑guarantee v．保证；确保 ㉒a touch of luck 一点运气 ㉓delighted adj.愉快的，高兴的 be delighted to do sth.很高兴做某事 delight n．使人高兴的事 delightful adj.令人愉快的，令人高兴的 ◎ 我们很抱歉地通知您…… “我们很抱歉地通知您……”这句话对每个作家来说，既可怕又熟悉。出版商给了回信，作家急切地拆开来读，但读到这最后一句，心随即跌落谷底。你可能已经花费数年，放弃了周末和空闲时间去创作你的毕生作品，但这往往还不够。大家都明白，成功不是一蹴而就的；但也许很多人都不知道，很多卓越的作家也都曾被拒稿。 以J.K.罗琳为例。当她收到第一封拒稿信时，她决定把这看作是此时自己与喜爱的作家之间有了共同之处，并把这封信贴在厨房的墙上。罗琳过了很多年拮据的生活，她把所有时间都用来写作。当她终于完成第一本书时，出版商给出的评价却是“对孩子来说太难理解”“太长”“孩子们不会感兴趣”等等。尽管如此，她依然坚持不懈。“我不会放弃的，除非所有的出版商都拒绝我。不过我常常担心这真的会发生。”她后来说。在收到12封拒稿信后，终于有家出版商同意将她的第一本书印刷500册。我们都知道，《哈利·波特》后来在全球大获成功，销量超过4亿册，被翻译成了70多种不同的语言。 在被回绝的同时还要遭受批评，这在那些写出伟大作品的作家身上太普遍了。J.D.塞林格从高中时就开始写短篇小说了，但之后他的作品却难以发表。“我们觉得自己无法充分理解中心人物。”这是《麦田里的守望者》的手稿受到的批评。即使被多家出版商回绝，J.D.塞林格也从未放弃。甚至在二战期间，他在美国陆军服役时，还随身携带了《麦田里的守望者》一书的六章内容，继续对小说进行修改。最终，这本书一经出版，便立刻成为畅销书，卖出了上千万册。 也许，坚持不懈的最高荣誉应该颁给来自英国维多利亚时代的三姐妹。她们梦想着看到自己的作品出版。然而，这是一个不鼓励女性成为作家的时代。当时的桂冠诗人，罗伯特·骚塞，在给她们其中一位的信中写道：“文学不可能也不应该成为女人的事业。”尽管如此，三姐妹并没有放弃尝试。她们的应对方式是以男性名字为笔名写了一本诗集。虽然这本诗集只卖出了两册，但她们还是没有放弃，转而开始写小说。如今，夏洛蒂·勃朗特的《简·爱》、艾米莉·勃朗特的《呼啸山庄》和安妮·勃朗特的《艾格妮丝·格雷》被认为是世界文学的经典之作。其实，这正印证了我们在《简·爱》中读到的：“我崇尚忍耐、坚毅、勤奋、天赋；因为只有依靠这些，人类才能实现宏大的目标……” 因此，仅靠天赋似乎不足以保证获得成功。不懈的努力和一点点运气固然很重要，但坚持不懈才是关键。继续努力，你终会读到这样的回复：“我们很高兴地通知您……” inform v．通知，告知(联想：information n．信息；资料；情报→informative adj.提供有用信息的) 【教材原句】　　“We regret to inform you...”These are the words that every writer dreads receiving, but words every writer knows well． “我们很抱歉地通知您……”这句话对每个作家来说，既可怕又熟悉。 【用法归纳】 (1)inform sb.of/about sth. 告诉/通知某人某事 inform sb.to do sth. 通知某人做某事 inform sb.that/when/how... 通知某人……/何时……/如何…… (2)keep sb.informed (of...) 随时通知某人(……)；使某人随时知道(……) 【佳句必背】　(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)I was informed that I won the first prize in the writing contest and that there would be an award presentation in two days. 我被告知在写作比赛中获得了一等奖，两天后将举行颁奖典礼。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①If you are interested in joining me in the winter holiday trip, please keep me informed (inform). ②The teacher informed the students to gather (gather) at the school gate for the field trip at 8 o'clock sharp. ③(2025·浙江1月卷)To speed up the process, please make sure the information (inform) you submit through the ILL Request Form is accurate. 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④I am writing to inform you of my sincere apology (告知您我诚挚的道歉) for being late to the meeting yesterday. ⑤The teacher informed the students that the exam would be postponed to the next week (告知学生考试将被推迟到下周) due to the school's activity arrangements. guarantee v．& n．保证；确保；担保 【教材原句】　 So, it seems that talent alone isn't enough to guarantee success. 因此，仅靠天赋似乎不足以保证获得成功。 【用法归纳】 (1)guarantee sb.sth./guarantee sth.to sb. 向某人保证某事 guarantee to do sth./that... 保证做某事/确保…… (2)under guarantee 在保修期内 give sb.a guarantee that... 向某人担保/保证…… 【佳句必背】　Students can take turns giving speeches to guarantee everyone an equal chance to express themselves.(应用文之活动介绍) 学生可以轮流演讲，以保证每个人都有平等的机会表达自己。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①Your smartphone will be repaired free if it is still under guarantee. ②The school guarantees a safe learning environment to the students, enabling them to study without distractions． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ③Hard work is a guarantee of success (努力学习是成功的保证).When we study hard, we are more likely to get good grades in exams. ④If you encounter difficulties in a particular subject, guarantee to seek help (确保寻求帮助) from your teacher or classmates immediately. ⑤(2025·八省联考)By joining the organization, you help to guarantee that the Museum remains a welcoming place (博物馆始终是一个受欢迎之地) of shared enrichment for all visitors to experience, to enjoy, and to love. delighted adj.愉快的，高兴的(联想：delight n．令人高兴的事；快乐；乐趣 vt.使快乐→delightful adj.令人愉快的，讨人喜欢的) 【教材原句】　Keep trying and eventually you will read the words “We are delighted to inform you...” 继续努力，你最终会读到这样的回复：“我们很高兴地通知您……” 【用法归纳】 (1)be delighted to do sth. 很高兴做某事 be delighted at/by/with 为……而高兴；由于……而高兴 be delighted＋that从句 因……而高兴 (2)delight in (doing) sth. 以(做)某事为乐趣 What delights sb.is... 让某人高兴的是…… (3)take delight in (doing) sth. 以(做)某事为乐 with/in delight 高兴地，愉快地 to one's great delight/much to one's delight 令某人非常高兴的是 【佳句必背】　(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)I was so delighted to hear the news that I immediately shared it with my teacher. 听到这个消息我是如此高兴，以至于我立马把它分享给了我的老师。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)I also gave him an attractive souvenir I had bought at Prague, which he accepted with/in delight. ②The time we spent together at the party was absolutely delightful (delight).Thank you for organizing such a wonderful event. ③The students were delighted at/by/with the news that the school would organize a field trip to the science museum. 【写成佳句】　一句多译 ④我非常高兴写信与你分享我们于 5 月 14 日在校园里庆祝的美食节。 →I am more than delighted to write to share with you the Food Festival we celebrated on campus on May 14th.(delighted) →What delights me is that I'm writing to share with you the Food Festival we celebrated on campus on May 14th.(delight v．) →Much to my delight/To my great delight，I'm writing to share with you the Food Festival that we celebrated on campus on May 14th.(delight n．) worthwhile adj.重要的；值得做的(联想：worth adj.值得的；有价值的 n. 价值；意义；作用→worthy adj.值得……的 n．知名人士) 【教材原句】　Even though being a camper has its challenges, I feel it is worthwhile. 尽管露营生活有诸多挑战，但我认为这是值得的。 【用法归纳】 (1)值得做某事 (2)be worth the money/an effort/a try值得花钱/努力/一试 be (well) worth doing (很)值得做 (3)be worthy 值得…… 【佳句必背】　I guarantee that it is worthwhile to experience the group study room in our school library, so please accept my sincere invitation.(应用文之邀请信)我保证，体验一下我们学校图书馆的集体学习室是非常值得的，所以请接受我诚挚的邀请吧。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①The scenic beauty of the national park is well worth visiting (visit), as it offers breathtaking views and diverse wildlife. ②The endangered species is worthy of being protected (protect) by stricter laws to ensure their survival. ③The historic building is worthy to be restored (restore), given its significant cultural value. 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④参加社区服务志愿者活动是值得的，因为它不仅能够帮助他人，还能丰富你自己的人生经历。 It is worthwhile to volunteer/volunteering in community service, because it not only helps others but also enriches your own life experiences. have...in common with 与……有共同之处 【教材原句】　When she received her first rejection letter, she decided that it meant she now had something in common with her favourite writers, and stuck it on her kitchen wall. 当她收到第一封拒稿信时，她决定把这看作是此时自己与喜爱的作家之间有了共同之处，并把这封信贴在厨房的墙上。 【用法归纳】 have a lot/much/a great deal in common (with...) (与……)有很多共同之处 have nothing/little in common (with...) (与……)没有/几乎没有共同之处 in common 共有的；共同的 in common with 与……一样 common practice 惯例 common sense/knowledge 常识 【佳句必背】　The language has some grammar rules in common with Chinese, which makes it easier for learners to master it.(应用文之建议信)这种语言与汉语有一些共同的语法规则，这使得学习者更容易掌握它。 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ①Although they are good friends, they have little in common with each other (互相之间很少有共同点). ②His opinion has a lot/much/a great deal in common with (有很多共同之处) mine.We both think that environmental protection is of great importance. ③These two books have nothing in common (没有任何共同之处).One is science fiction, while the other is historical romance. ④In common with (和……一样) my classmates, I have a dream university in my heart. ⑤Anyone with common sense/knowledge (有常识的) is able to make the right decision when facing the situation. ⑥(2025·浙江1月卷)One of the most common mistakes in communication (在沟通中最常见的错误之一) is trying too much.The best messages are often simple. turn down 拒绝；调小/低 【教材原句】　“I wasn't going to give up until every single publisher turned me down, but I often feared that would happen，” she later posted. “我不会放弃的，除非所有的出版商都拒绝我。不过我常常担心这真的会发生。”她后来说。 【用法归纳】 turn around 　　　转过身 turn on 打开(电灯、煤气、水管等) turn off 关上(电灯、煤气、水管等) turn out 结果是；证明是；生产出 turn up 　　　 出现，到达；调大 turn to 求助于，转向 【佳句必背】　I'm writing to inform you that I have to turn down the invitation to your party because I am too busy.(应用文之道歉信)我写信是想告诉你，我不得不拒绝你的聚会邀请，因为我太忙了。 【练透考点】　用turn的相关短语填空 ①The activity turned out to be a great success.All the students participated actively, showing their unique talents and teamwork spirits. ②Hearing the familiar voice behind him, he turned around with a smile and found his son standing there. ③Much to my delight, all my friends turned up，bringing laughter and joy to the gathering. ④Please turn down/off the music on your mobile phone and don't disturb others. ⑤If you have trouble with writing essays, turn to excellent writing samples and writing guides. ⑥Remember to turn on the lights when you enter the room and turn off them when you leave. with 的复合结构 【教材原句】　...and as we know, Harry Potter became a global success, with over 400 million books sold and translated into more than seventy different languages. ……我们都知道，《哈利·波特》后来在全球大获成功，销量超过 4 亿册，被翻译成了 70 多种不同的语言。 【用法归纳】 【佳句必背】　With online learning becoming more and more popular, more and more teenagers think it a good way of gaining knowledge.(应用文之建议信) 随着在线学习越来越流行，越来越多的青少年认为它是一个获取知识的好方法。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)With over 2，500 bikes stored (store) in our five rental shops at strategic locations，we make sure there is always a bike available for you. ②(应用文之聚会活动)On her birthday she received a box of chocolates with a card attached (attach) to it，saying “Happy Birthday！”． ③(应用文之校园活动)With the volunteers guiding (guide) the visitors patiently, the campus open­day event is running smoothly． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④With a book in his hand (手里拿着一本书), the old man sat quietly in the corner of the library, enjoying the peaceful atmosphere. ⑤(读后续写之场景描写) On the night of the Mid­Autumn Festival, people sit together and eat mooncakes and fruit with the moon hanging in the sky (月亮挂在天空中). 祈使句＋and＋陈述句 【教材原句】　 Keep trying and eventually you will read the words “We are delighted to inform you...” 继续努力，你最终会读到这样的回复：“我们很高兴地通知您……” 【用法归纳】 在此句型中，祈使句相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句，and之后的句子相当于主句。基本结构如下： (1)祈使句＋and＋陈述句＝If＋肯定条件句＋主句 (2)祈使句＋or/or else/otherwise＋陈述句＝If＋否定条件句＋主句 (3)名词词组＋and＋陈述句 【佳句必背】　Find ways to praise the students often，and you'll find they open their hearts to you.(应用文之建议信)想办法多表扬学生，你会发现他们会向你敞开心扉。 【写成佳句】　完成句子/句型转换 ①(应用文之建议信)Get up early every morning (每天早起床), and you'll have enough time to enjoy a healthy breakfast and prepare for the day. ②(应用文之建议信)Stick to your study schedule, or you won't be able to finish all the tasks before the exam (否则的话你就不能在考试前完成所有的任务). ③One more effort (再努力一下), and you will surely achieve the goal you have been striving for. ④If you follow your doctor's advice, you will get better soon. →Follow your doctor's advice, and you'll get better soon．(用 “祈使句＋and＋陈述句” 改写) 1．upset A．adj.心烦意乱的，烦恼的　B．vt.弄翻，打翻　C．vt.打乱　D．vt.使生气，使烦恼　E．vt.打扰 ①(2022·全国乙卷) However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers. D ②The sudden heavy rain upset our plan of going on a picnic at the weekend. C ③The mother opened the door quietly so as not to upset the sleeping baby. E ④(2021·新高考Ⅱ卷) I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, thinking it is food. A ⑤She accidentally upset the glass of water while reaching for the book, and the papers on the desk got wet. B 2．写出句中加黑单词的词性和汉语意思 ①There's a tremendous amount to see and do in the city, so pace yourself and don't try to do it all on the first day.v.控制步调；调整速度 ②(2021·全国乙卷) In around 80 A．D., the Romans built the Colosseum, which remains the world's best known stadium and continues to inform contemporary design.v.对……有影响 ③I would like to acknowledge my debt to my teachers, without whose help I couldn't have made such rapid progress.n.人情债 [课后分层练4] (时间：45分钟　满分：76分) Ⅰ.单词拼写(每小题1分，共8分) 1．Don't expect to master all the knowledge of a difficult subject overnight (突然).Consistent daily study is the key to achieving good grades. 2．She dreads (畏惧) speaking in public as she is very shy and afraid of making mistakes. 3．Every effort you put into your studies now will determine the outcome (结果) of your future. 4．The task was extremely difficult, nevertheless (然而), he managed to complete it with his strong determination and excellent skills. 5．In the digital age, students need to keep pace (速度) with the rapid advancements in technology to enhance their learning experience. 6．Regular exercise and a balanced diet guarantee (确保) to improve your overall health and reduce the risk of many diseases. 7．To learn more about the history of China, I strongly recommend reading some ancient classics (名著). 8．To improve students' reading skills and expand their vocabulary, teachers often recommend some best­sellers (畅销书) that are both educational and entertaining. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每小题1分，共8分) 1．The teacher informed the students of the changes in the exam schedule so that they could make appropriate preparations. 2．When you receive criticism (criticize) from your teachers, don't feel discouraged.Instead, view it as a valuable guide. 3．She is a diligent student who rarely (rare) misses a class, always showing up on time and fully prepared for the lessons. 4．Faced with all kinds of information (inform) on the Internet, we should learn to tell the difference between true and false. 5．Although the job interview went well, I soon received a letter of rejection (reject). 6．With perseverance (persevere), she overcame her shyness and became an excellent public speaker. 7．If you're aiming to get in shape and start a fitness routine, endurance (endure) is crucial. 8．When the news spread that the school was organizing a charity activity, the students were delighted (delight) to participate. Ⅲ.完成句子(每小题2分，共10分) 1．听到这个好消息，她坐在那里，幸福的泪水顺着脸颊滚落下来。(独立主格结构作状语) Hearing the good news, she sat there, tears of happiness rolling down her cheeks． 2．既然你已经意识到你的时间是有限的，你必须更加努力学习以实现自己的目标。(get sth.done) Now that you have realized that your time is limited，you must work harder to get your goal achieved． 3．问题解决了，我们都感到如释重负，能够专注于下一个任务了。(with＋宾语＋宾补) With the problem solved，we all felt a great sense of relief and could focus on the next task. 4．当与他人交流时，认真倾听并清晰地表达自己很重要。(状语从句的省略) When communicating with others，it is important to listen attentively and express yourself clearly. 5．那个小男孩好像迷路了。他一脸困惑地在公园里徘徊。(it seems that) It seems that the little boy is lost．He is wandering around the park with a confused look on his face. Ⅳ.课文语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) Everyone knows that success 1 rarely (rare) happens overnight, but perhaps not many know that a lot of highly successful writers have previously faced 2 rejection (reject).When J．K.Rowling received her first rejection letter, she stuck it on her kitchen wall.Rowling had spent years 3 surviving (survive) on little money, but she was enthusiastic 4 about writing.To her delight, after a total of twelve rejections, she finally succeeded.5 As we know, Harry Potter became a global success.The stories of the Brontë sisters also reveal that 6 perseverance (persevere) plays an important part in their success.They were upset about the time 7 when women were not encouraged to become writers and had to write a book of poems under male names, but the sisters still didn't give up.8 It seems that talent alone isn't enough 9 to guarantee (guarantee) success.Keep trying and eventually you will read the words “We are 10 delighted (delight) to inform you...” Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A Alice in Wonderland is one of the greatest children's books ever written.The way it came into being is curious, an accident as interesting as the book itself.On a “golden afternoon” in 1862, a shy teacher Charles Lutwidge Dodgson of University of Oxford took three little daughters of his college dean (院长) on a boat trip on the river with another Oxford teacher.Together they rowed along the river and had tea on the bank.As they moved along slowly over the river, Dodgson created the world of Wonderland.We like to think that he invented the story to make the young girls laugh, but more likely, he told the story in order to keep them quiet, to hold their attention, or to stop their many questions—or perhaps even to keep them from rocking the boat. The story almost evaporated (蒸发) in thin air and would have but for the persistence of Dodgson's favourite of the three sisters, seven­year­old Alice.“On the next day I started to pester (纠缠) him to write down the story for me which I had never done before，” said Alice.Alice remembered that she kept going on until he promised to satisfy her.Finally, Dodgson completed the manuscript, illustrated with his own drawings. He gave the small green leather book to Alice as a Christmas present.It was then clearly kept in an obvious place, and visitors would sometimes pick it up and look at it, even read through it.In 1865, the book was published. [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了《爱丽丝梦游仙境》这部伟大儿童文学作品的诞生经过。 1．What did the two Oxford teachers do with the three little girls on the afternoon in 1862? A．They prevented an accident. B．They built a rocking boat. C．They had a riverside trip. D．They made a tea farm trip. 解析：选C。细节理解题。由第一段第三句话可知，腼腆的牛津大学教师查尔斯·路特维奇·道奇森带着他学院院长的三个小女儿与另一位牛津大学教师一同乘船沿河游览。故选C。 2．What did Alice do the next day after the boat trip? A．She retold the story to others. B．She reminded Dodgson of the trip. C．She remembered the beauty of the journey. D．She begged Dodgson to write down the story. 解析：选D。细节理解题。从第二段中的第二句可知，爱丽丝请求道奇森写下那个故事。故选D。 3．How did Charles Lutwidge Dodgson respond to Alice? A．He sent Alice a birthday present. B．He delivered a completed manuscript to Alice. C．He showed the green leather book to visitors. D．He drew some paintings for Alice. 解析：选B。细节理解题。从第二段的最后一句和第三段第一句可知：最后，道奇森完成了手稿，配上了他自己的插图，并把这本书当作圣诞节礼物送给了爱丽丝。故选B。 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．How Alice in Wonderland came into being. B．How Alice in Wonderland interested children. C．How long Alice in Wonderland survived. D．How hard it was to write Alice in Wonderland. 解析：选A。主旨大意题。整篇文章讲述了《爱丽丝梦游仙境》这本儿童书籍的诞生过程，包括查尔斯·路特维奇·道奇森在一次乘船旅行中创作故事的情景，以及爱丽丝坚持不懈地请求他写下这个故事，最终有了手稿的完成和出版。故选A。 B When handball was introduced to Sri Lankan schools in 2019, I wanted to bring it to my school, St Anthony's, in the remote village of Wasalakotte in central Sri Lanka.This became a challenging task as the sports coach was unwilling to play anything other than traditional sports, such as rugby and basketball. As headmaster, however, I was determined to start this game at any cost.I foresaw it as a golden opportunity for our school as we had never got a place in traditional sports.The boys were immediately interested and 40 students aged between 13 and 19 signed up to play.Heshan Pradeep, a former student, volunteered to coach the team. After three months of devoted training, we were able to send an under­19 boys' team to compete with 50 other schools at the school handball tournament (联赛) held in Colombo.Our boys played remarkably well and reached the semifinals (半决赛).However, in a heartbreaking turn of events, they faced a strong opponent who managed to get a narrow victory.Defeated, the boys felt down and disappointed.Some students from Colombo said, “Don't cry, brothers.You must come again next year and claim your victory.” If not for the encouraging words of these students, our team may never have returned to Colombo for another tournament. A few weeks after the defeat, with the help of Heshan, I invited Coach Vonho, a professional handball coach, to our school.Vonho fulfilled his duty—I have never seen a more enthusiastic, supportive, and encouraging trainer.With his efforts, our handball team made great advances.Meanwhile, the team's parents showed their support by preparing Vonho delicious traditional meals. The following year, nobody could stop our team from winning the school handball championship in Colombo.The village were proud of our victory, appreciating the hard work and devotion shown by us all. [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过叙述自己作为校长在斯里兰卡一所偏远学校推广手球运动的经历，展现了该项目的推广从起初的困难、挑战，到最终取得成功的整个过程。 5．What made it hard for the author to introduce handball? A．The disapproval of the sports coach. B．The lack of equipment at his school. C．His school's focus on academic scores. D．His students' preference for traditional sports. 解析：选A 。细节理解题。根据第一段第二句话可知，体育教练只愿意开展像橄榄球和篮球这样的传统体育项目，不愿意开展手球项目。故选A。 6．Why did the author decide to start handball? A．To keep his students healthy. B．To make a success in sports. C．To develop students' team spirit. D．To strengthen his role of leadership. 解析：选B。推理判断题。根据第二段第一、二句可知，作者作为校长，下定决心不惜一切代价开展手球运动，是因为学校在传统体育项目上从未取得过名次。他把手球视为学校在体育方面取得成功的一个绝佳机会。故选B。 7．What did the author think of the students from Colombo? A．Patient. B．Energetic. C．Motivating. D．Competitive. 解析：选C。观点态度题。根据第三段最后三句话的描述可知，来自科伦坡的学生鼓励作者学校的队伍明年再来争取胜利，正是因为这些鼓励的话语，队伍才有可能再来参赛。故选C。 8．What does the story imply? A．Time and tide wait for no man. B．The first step is the only difficulty. C．Success is for those who are prepared. D．Success is a journey, not a destination. 解析：选C。推理判断题。文章讲述了作者学校的手球队伍起初参赛失利，但在专业教练的帮助以及各方支持下，经过努力训练，最终在下一年赢得了冠军的故事。这体现出“成功是留给有准备的人的”。故选C。 Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) (2025·湖北武汉高二上期中)In 2014, Amy collapsed from a brain hemorrhage (脑出血) while working.After a year recovering at home, she 1 a course with the ambition to become a 2 ． However, occasional vision disturbance was still 3 ，influencing the amount of 4 she could give to the course.Further complications (并发症) left the young artist almost completely blind, making it difficult to see a whole figure.It's particularly 5 because it seemed to 6 her optimism to be a painter! One morning, when watching the sunrise, she suddenly felt a sense of 7 ．She realized that she may not 8 a whole face anymore, but it shouldn't stop her from putting what she could see on canvas (画布).The following years, she 9 her special art journey. “Strangely, my experience has increased my 10 when drawing, enabling me to catch a character better，” she explains.“People often speak highly of the detail and sensitivity of the character.I have more determination and appreciation for my 11 ．These are 12 I wouldn't have had without everything I've 13 ．” For her new touring exhibition, she has produced a series of artworks based on her visual experience.“In the 14 interaction between what I can and cannot see lies my perspective on the world.” Sometimes, we can turn a loss into a gain: something unique and individual that has been gifted to us by never 15 ． [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。Amy在工作时突发脑出血，康复后报名参加绘画课程却又遭遇视力问题，但她并未放弃，而是从一次看日出的经历中获得感悟，开启了特殊的艺术之旅。 1． A．switched on B．signed up for C．called on D．kept in touch with 解析：选B。根据语境可知，此处表达在家康复一年后，她报名参加(signed up for)了一个课程。故选B。switch on“打开”；call on“呼吁；号召”；keep in touch with“与……保持联系”。 2． A．librarian B．painter C．witness D．doctor 解析：选B。根据下文第6空后的“her optimism to be a painter” 可知，她的志向是成为一名画家(painter)。故选B。 3． A．crucial B．essential C．present D．distant 解析：选C。根据语境此处表达尽管在家康复了一年，但她的视力障碍偶尔还存在。present“(事物)存在的”。故选C。 4． A．donation B．occupation C．credit D．energy 解析：选D。根据生活常识可知，因为视力障碍影响了她投入到课程中的精力(energy)，故选D。 5． A．embarrassing B．rewarding C．depressing D．opposing 解析：选C。根据上句的描述可知，并发症让她几乎失去了所有的视力。这对于想成为画家的她来说，是令人沮丧的(depressing)，故选C。 6． A．assess B．ruin C．reveal D．conflict 解析：选B。几乎完全失明似乎毁掉了(ruin)她成为画家的乐观心态。故选 B。 7． A．thankfulness B．achievement C．belonging D．security 解析：选A。这次看日出的经历，让她意识到尽管不能看到整张图像，但仍能把看到的画到画布上，这让她对生活产生了感激之情(thankfulness)，故选A。 8． A．draw B．obtain C．see D．found 解析：选C。前文提到她几乎完全失明，所以这里是说她可能再也看不到(see)整张脸了。故选C。 9． A．ceased B．started C．adopted D．detected 解析：选B。根据语境，就这样在接下来的几年，她开始了(started)她特殊的艺术之旅。故选B。 10．A．sensitivity B．taste C．eyesight D．attention 解析：选A。根据下句 “People often speak highly of the detail and sensitivity of the character” 可知，她的经历增加了她绘画时的敏感度(sensitivity)。故选 A。 11．A．talent B．display C．interaction D．vision 解析：选D。根据上面作者对自己视觉的描述可知，这里说她对自己的视觉(vision)体验有了更多的坚毅和感激。故选D。 12．A．gifts B．challenges C．awards D．pains 解析：选A。此处表达她认为这些是她经历过这些事情后得到的礼物(gift)。故选A。 13．A．lived off B．gone after C．appealed to D．survived through 解析：选D。如果没有我所经历(survived through)的一切，我就不会拥有这些礼物。故选D。live off“依赖”；go after“追逐；追击”；appeal to“呼吁；向……请求”。 14．A．misty B．abnormal C．automatic D．regular 解析：选A。因为她视力有问题，所以在能看到和看不到之间的互动是模糊的(misty)。故选A。 15．A．losing B．leaving C．failing D．quitting 解析：选D。人生启迪：一些独特且属于个人的东西，正是永不言弃(quitting)赠予我们的礼物。故选D。 Section Ⅱ　Using language—­ing and to­infinitive as object ①“We regret to inform you...” ②J.D.Salinger started writing short stories in high school... ③...J.D.Salinger refused to give up. ④Nevertheless，the sisters didn't stop trying. ⑤Keep trying and eventually you will read the words... 【我的感悟】 (1)①③句中都是动词不定式充当动词的宾语。 (2)②④⑤句中都是动词­ing形式充当动词的宾语。 结论：非谓语动词中动词­ing形式和动词不定式形式都可以在句中充当宾语。 一、动词­ing形式作宾语 1．动词­ing形式作宾语，通常有以下几种形式(以do为例)： 主动形式 被动形式 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 2.后面只能用动词­ing形式作宾语的动词及短语(口诀巧记)： 建议考虑坚持练 suggest, advise, consider, insist on, practise 允许想象弃冒险 permit, allow, imagine, give up, risk 阻止抵抗否逃脱 prevent, resist, deny, escape 不禁介意保持完 can't help, mind, keep, finish 耽误推迟求原谅 delay, put off, require, forgive, excuse 承认错过欣喜欢 admit, miss, appreciate, enjoy 【温馨提示】　后跟动词­ing形式作宾语的动词短语还有：object to (反对), look forward to(期待)，be/get used to (习惯于)，contribute to (有助于)，get down to (着手做)，pay attention to(注意)等。 ①Teachers consider organizing an outdoor exploration activity to let students get closer to nature and learn about the environment. 老师们考虑组织一次户外探索活动，让学生更亲近自然并了解环境。 ②We cannot help being impressed by their zeal. 我们不禁被他们的热情打动。 二、动词不定式作宾语 1．动词不定式作宾语，通常有以下几种形式(以do为例)： 主动形式 被动形式 一般式 to do to be done 进行式 to be doing — 完成式 to have done to have been done 2.只能接动词不定式作宾语的动词(口诀巧记)： 同意提出做计划，要求承诺来帮忙 agree, offer, intend/plan, demand, promise, help 准备决定遭拒绝，敢于选择有希望 prepare, decide, refuse, dare, choose,wish/hope/want/expect 不能做到莫假装，设法做成决心强 fail, pretend, manage, determine 恳求安排又威胁，声称目标不犹豫 beg, arrange, threaten，claim, aim, hesitate ①I intend to read more classic literature during this semester to improve my writing skills. 这学期我打算阅读更多经典文学作品来提高我的写作技能。 ②Despite so many difficulties he may encounter, he refuses to give up and strives for his goal. 尽管可能会遇到诸多困难，但他决不放弃并努力追求自己的目标。 三、动词不定式作宾语与动词­ing形式作宾语的区别 某些动词(短语)后既可接动词不定式作宾语，也可接动词­ing形式作宾语，但表达的意思不同，常见的有以下几组： ①When you go to the supermarket, remember to buy some milk.I remember buying milk there last week and it was really fresh. 当你去超市的时候，记得买些牛奶。我记得上周在那儿买的牛奶非常新鲜。 ②They meant to build a new bridge in the town.But the lack of funds means delaying doing this project. 他们打算在镇上修建一座新桥。但资金短缺意味着这个项目要被推迟了。 四、it 作形式宾语 当动词不定式或动词­ing形式作宾语且后跟宾语补足语时，要用it 作形式宾语，动词不定式或动词­ing 形式作真正的宾语置于后面。 ①I find it no use complaining all the time instead of taking action. 我发现总是抱怨而不采取行动是没用的。 ②She considers it meaningful helping those in need during her free time. 她认为在空闲时间帮助那些有需要的人是有意义的。 ③I find it necessary to practice speaking English every day to improve my oral skills. 我发现每天练习说英语对提高我的口语能力是很有必要的。 ④She believes it helpful to make a to­do list to manage her time efficiently. 她相信列一个待办事项清单对有效管理时间是有帮助的。 ————即学即练———— Ⅰ.用括号中所给词的适当形式填空 ①After failing the exam, he determined to study (study) harder and make up for the lost time. ②I really regret staying (stay) up late last night watching TV shows.Now I'm so sleepy in class. ③With its bright colors and delightful taste, tanghulu is a must­try snack for the tourists, who desire to taste (taste) the local food. ④She always wears a helmet when riding a bike to avoid being hit (hit) on the head in case of an accident. ⑤We find it no good sitting (sit) for long hours without getting up to move around. ⑥She feels it a great honor to represent (represent) her school in the national speech competition. Ⅱ.完成句子 ①Having got the book you sent me, I can't help writing this email (忍不住写这封邮件) to express my gratitude to you. ②When you are walking in the park, you should，stop talking loudly (停止大声喧哗) and stop to listen to (停下来听) the birds singing. 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空 1．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷) Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring (restore) sensitive resources and protecting (protect) endangered species across the ridges and valleys. 2．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷) After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put (put) him to sleep... 3．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷) However, if I need to check (check) the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there's nothing better. 4．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷) I got a good bike and rode a lot.I dreamt of entering (enter) cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. 5．(2023·全国乙卷)I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid missing the moment I am attempting to photograph (photograph). 6．(2023·浙江1月卷) Consider turning (turn) your travel plan over to a travel agent and letting him double­check all the details，make suggestions，and then handle the actual reservations. 7．(2023·全国甲卷)Put off watching (watch) your favourite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. [课后分层练5] (时间：45分钟　满分：79.5分) Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每小题1分，共8分) 1．The volunteers distributed warm blankets (blanket) to the homeless people in the park, giving them comfort. 2．As the school festival approached, the election (elect) for the chairman of the Student Union became the talk of our school. 3．The volunteers showed great enthusiasm (enthusiastic) for helping the disabled children, organizing activities and teaching them new skills. 4．It is worthwhile to volunteer (volunteer) in the local community.You can make a real difference in people's lives. 5．She was upset about not getting the job she had applied for, which was a huge blow to her. 6．Our school holds various contests (contest) every year which provide students with platforms to showcase their talents. 7．The students are enthusiastic about the coming school trip.They have been looking forward to it for weeks. 8．It was a great honor for her to be elected (elect) as the person in charge of the English debate competition. Ⅱ.链接写作——完成句子(每小题2分，共12分) 1．旨在激发高中生的创造力，这次征文比赛欢迎各类主题的投稿。 With the aim of inspiring creativity among high school students, the essay competition welcomes submissions on various topics. 2．我们班决定组织一个阅读俱乐部，以此培养大家对文学的兴趣。 Our class decided to organize a reading club to cultivate everyone's interest in literature. 3．你可以尝试制作中国剪纸，这是一种传统艺术，仅用一把剪刀和几张纸，你就能创作出精美的图案。 You can try making Chinese paper­cutting，a traditional art that allows you to create beautiful patterns with just a pair of scissors and some paper. 4．我们正在考虑在班里成立小型阅读小组，以提高我们的阅读能力。 We are considering setting up small reading group in our class to enhance our reading ability. 5．在音乐节期间，很多学生自愿上台表演，和全校师生分享他们对音乐的热爱。 During the musical festival, many students volunteered to perform on stage, sharing their love for music with the whole school. 6．上周日，我们选择去游览动物园，渴望观察各种动物有趣的行为。 Last Sunday，we chose to visit the zoo, longing to observe the interesting behaviors of various animals. Ⅲ.链接写作——完成语段(每小题1.5分，共12分) Dear Sir/Madam， I'm Li Hua, writing to apply for the campus reporter position at the Campus News section of our school's English broadcasting station. I'm eager 1 to take on this role (担任这一角色), hoping 2 to contribute my passion for journalism (能贡献自己对新闻事业的热情) and improve my communication skills.I have been practicing 3 writing news articles (撰写新闻文稿), aiming to master the skills of clear and brief reporting.I'm good at 4 interviewing people (采访人们), trying to dig out interesting stories.Also, I enjoy 5 collecting information (收集信息) from various sources, intending 6 to provide comprehensive and accurate reports (提供全面且准确的报道). My high English proficiency enables me to communicate fluently with international students.I decide 7 to make full use of this advantage (充分利用这一优势) to cover a wider range of topics.I'm confident that I can meet the requirements of this position. Thank you for considering my application.8 I'm looking forward to hearing from you. (期待收到您的回复). Best regards， Li Hua Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2025·福建福州高二上期中)Harper Lee (1926－2016) was an American novelist widely known for To Kill a Mockingbird(published in 1960), which won the 1961 Pulitzer Prize and has become a classic of modern American literature.The 1962 film adaptation starring Gregory Peck won three Academy Awards. For decades, the book was Lee's only major work of published fiction, but it was hugely influential for generations of U．S.readers.It has sold more than 10 million copies, and is one of the most widely taught novels in the U．S.schools.In 2007 she was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom for her contributions to literature. Lee wanted to live a simple life and was never comfortable with the attention the novel won her, and she practically disappeared from public life after it appeared.The world, however, continued waiting for a new novel from her, and on occasion she suggested that she was working on another story. In 2015, a book did come out.Go Set a Watchman was more of a first draft, featuring Scout, the young girl who was the main character of To Kill a Mockingbird.Go Set a Watchman tells a story of Scout as adult. Though Lee moved to New York in 1949, she spent many years guarding her privacy (隐私) in Monroeville, which served as the clear inspiration for the setting in To Kill a Mockingbird. In 2007, Lee suffered a stroke (中风), but recovered and later settled in Monroeville permanently to care for her sister, Alice, who died in 2014.She was said to eat breakfast every morning at the same fast­food spot, and was friendly with her neighbors.The countless Americans knew her only through her works, and they will undoubtedly miss her. [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了美国小说家哈珀·李创作《杀死一只知更鸟》的一些背后故事以及她的个人生活。 1．What can be learned about Harper Lee from the first two paragraphs? A．She was regarded as the greatest writer in America. B．She made great contributions to American literature. C．She once starred in a film adapted from her own novel. D．She is the most popular writer in American schools in history. 解析：B。细节理解题。第一段提到哈珀·李的《杀死一只知更鸟》获得 1961 年普利策奖，成为美国现代文学经典，1962 年改编的电影获三项奥斯卡金像奖；第二段说这本书销量超 1 000 万册，在美国学校被广泛教授，她还因对文学的贡献获总统自由勋章。这些都表明她为美国文学做出了巨大贡献。故选B。 2．Why did Harper Lee disappear from public life after her first novel came out? A．She tried to get out of criticism. B．She wanted to write another novel. C．She suffered a stroke and was in recovery. D．She felt uneasy about her novel's influence. 解析：D。细节理解题。根据第三段 “Lee wanted to live a simple life and was never comfortable with the attention the novel won her, and she practically disappeared from public life after it appeared.” 可知，李想过简单的生活，对小说给她带来的关注感到不自在，所以在小说出版后她就从公众生活中消失了。故选D。 3．What can we learn about Harper Lee's Go Set a Watchman? A．It is based on her own life story. B．It is adapted into a famous film. C．It won her lots of honors and awards. D．It continues the story of her earlier novel. 解析：D。推理判断题。根据第四段 “Go Set a Watchman was more of a first draft, featuring Scout, the young girl who was the main character of To Kill a Mockingbird.Go Set a Watchman tells a story of Scout as adult.” 可推断出，《守望之心》由《杀死一只知更鸟》的主角斯库特主演，讲述了斯库特成年后的故事，是对她早期小说故事的延续。故选D。 4．What can best describe Harper Lee? A．Influential but simple. B．Ill­tempered but productive. C．Caring but stubborn. D．Inspiring but struggling. 解析：A。推理判断题。从文章内容可知，哈珀·李的《杀死一只知更鸟》影响巨大，销量高且在美国学校广泛被教授，她还因对文学的贡献获总统自由勋章，说明她 “有影响力”；同时，她想过简单的生活，成名后从公众生活中消失，在自己的家乡过着简单的日子，说明她 “简单”，即：Influential but simple。故选A。 B (2025·北京北师大附中高二上期中)Carl Allamby started his car repair business at the tender age of 19.Over the years, it had grown into two shops with 11 workers, but Allamby had become uneasy, longing for something more.Therefore, at the age of 34, he decided to go for his bachelor's degree in business management. After taking classes part­time over the next five years, Allamby was told he had to take biology to get his degree, which later turned out to be the best thing that ever happened.Biology classes reawakened a childhood dream that he had hidden somewhere deep within himself. Born in East Cleveland, Ohio, Allamby was raised by his stay­at­home mother and a father who sold home goods door­to­door.His school didn't offer the advanced science classes that might have led him on a premed (医学预科) path.Even if it had, doing well in school could prove dangerous.“You could get into a lot of trouble just for being the class nerd (书呆子)，” Allamby said.So he set aside the thoughts of becoming a doctor and started fixing cars instead. But a different Carl Allamby walked into that biology class at age 39.He was ready to live his dream.With the support of his family he soon decided to skip business school to take science classes.Becoming a doctor was late and he would become a nurse instead, he reasoned.But Allamby's chemistry professor told him “Why not a doctor? You have a great talent for the work.You will go a long way.” The professor was right and Allamby did very well. In 2015, Allamby cut ties with his past, and then he started at Northeast Ohio Medical University.In 2019, Carl Allamby became Carl Allamby, MD (医学博士).He took a job in emergency medicine at Cleveland Clinic Akron General. “How many people can do something so brand­new at such a late stage in their life？” he said.“My age and past career are all good reasons why I shouldn't be here.And yet, here I am.” [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了出身贫寒的Carl Allamby克服重重困难，在年近50岁的时候终于实现了自己儿时的医生梦。 5．Why was taking biology “the best thing that ever happened” to Allamby? A．It ensured him a bachelor's degree. B．It developed his potential to become a doctor. C．It brought about positive transition in his life. D．It satisfied his childhood curiosity about doctors. 解析：C。推理判断题。根据第二段的描述可知，生物学课程重新唤醒了 Allamby 儿时的梦想，使他决定投身医学，这对他的人生来说是一个积极的转变。由此推断出，学生物学对Allamby来说是“发生过的最好的事情”。故选C。 6．What is the author's purpose in writing Paragraph 3? A．To describe Allamby's difficulty in school. B．To introduce Allamby's family background. C．To explain why Allamby once gave up his dream. D．To show how Allamby struggled in his childhood. 解析：C。推理判断题。第三段讲述了 Allamby 的家庭背景，学校没有提供能引导他走上医学预科道路的高级科学课程，而且在学校表现好还可能惹麻烦，所以他放弃了成为医生的想法，转而开始修理汽车。该段主要是解释为什么 Allamby 曾经放弃了自己的梦想。故选C。 7．What do we know from the chemistry professor's words? A．He appreciated Allamby's courage. B．He recognized Allamby's capability. C．He suggested Allamby should aim lower. D．He thought Allamby was too old to be a doctor. 解析：B。细节理解题。根据第四段中化学教授的话 “Why not a doctor? You have a great talent for the work.You will go a long way.”，意思是 Allamby 有从事这项工作的天赋，能在这条路上走得很远，这表明教授认可 Allamby 的能力。故选B。 8．What does Allamby's story mainly tell us? A．Failure is the mother of success. B．Education holds the key to success. C．A tough man can bear great suffering. D．It's never too late to pursue your dream. 解析：D。推理判断题。Allamby 在 34 岁开始学习，39 岁决定改变人生方向投身医学，最终在较晚的人生阶段实现了儿时成为医生的梦想，他的故事主要告诉我们追求梦想永远不晚。故选D。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2025·安徽A10联盟高二上检测) Characteristics of an Excellent Scientist The dictionary defines a scientist as a person having professional knowledge on one or more sciences, especially natural science or physical science.1( ) Let's look at some characteristics of an excellent scientist. Curiosity An excellent scientist must be very curious about things.Scientists such as Thomas Edison and George Westinghouse discovered things mainly because they wanted to know how things work.2( ) Patience Becoming a scientist takes a long time.3( ) Even if you think you have received some education on science, you still have a lot of scientific research to do.If you're an instant­gratification type of person, this may not be the best choice for you. Ethical (道德的) qualities In order to truly discover and use knowledge for the greater good, a scientist must have a desire to improve people's life as well as the environment, since they are linked and they can affect one another in the long run.4( ) Sticking to an old belief contradicted with evidence is dishonest.However, that belief shouldn't be changed without powerful evidence. Working habits 5( ) He/She can work well alone or in groups, depending on what's needed and also needs to communicate thoughts on paper and verbally.Networking connects him/her with colleagues working on similar projects where he/she may discover something new. A．To make discoveries, you have to think differently. B．There are very few jobs that take longer than this one. C．It also defines a scientist as someone who uses scientific methods. D．A scientist must report findings honestly regardless of personal interests or public opinion. E．One of the main places that many scientists work in is the research laboratory. F．An excellent scientist even takes notes of the smallest observation and keeps it in mind. G．Without a drive to ask questions or even wonder, a scientist will never get to the first stage of the scientific process. [语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。成功绝非偶然，一定是一些特别的品质和性格才造就了那么多的伟人和成功人士。本文介绍了成功科学家们的几个性格特点。 1．解析：选C。设空处与前句是并列关系。都是描述词典对科学家的定义。上句提到了词典对科学家的定义。其中的关键词defines与C项中的also defines是并列关系。故选C。 2．解析：选G。设空处总结本段。根据小标题Curiosity可知本段讲述科学家要具备的一个特征就是好奇心。G项“如果没有提出问题甚至是感到好奇的动力，科学家将永远无法进入科学过程的第一阶段”强调了好奇心对科学家的重要性。故选G。 3．解析：选B。设空处承上启下。上句说 “成为一名科学家需要很长时间”。B 项 “很少有工作比这(成为科学家)耗时更长”进一步强调了成为科学家耗时之久，需要有耐心，与本段主题(Patience)相呼应。故选B。 4．解析：选D。设空处承上启下。该段主题是 “Ethical qualities(道德品质)”。D 项 “科学家必须诚实地报告研究结果，而不受个人利益或公众舆论的影响”体现了科学家应具备的道德品质，与该段主题相符，且后文 “坚持与证据相矛盾的旧信念是不诚实的” 也进一步说明了诚实对于科学家的重要性。故选D。 5．解析：选F。设空处是段首句。该段主题是 “Working habits(工作习惯)”，F 项 “一位优秀的科学家甚至会记录下最微小的观察结果并牢记于心”描述了科学家的一种工作习惯，符合该段主题，且与后文提到的科学家的其他工作习惯相呼应。故选F。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2025·河南驻马店联考期中)Helen Keller was 1 very special girl 2 needed a superb teacher.She was stubborn because she couldn't speak, read or write when she 3 (be) seven years old.Anne Sullivan was recommended 4 (help) Helen.Anne had eyesight problems early in life as well, so she could relate to Helen's difficulties．Anne's technique was 5 (simply) and straightforward.One day Anne put one of Helen's 6 (hand) under the water.As the water flowed over the hand, Anne spelt out “W­A­T­E­R” into Helen's other hand.Suddenly, Helen realised that the movement of the fingers meant the cool liquid 7 (flow) over her hand.This precious knowledge gave 8 (she) hope and joy.9 (final), the world of words was opening up to her.Gradually, Helen understood the meaning of “love” and “think” 10 the help of Anne. [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了海伦·凯勒和她与安妮·沙利文老师之间的故事。 1．解析：a。考查冠词。海伦·凯勒是一位非常特别的女孩。设空处表达“泛指”意思，要用不定冠词，very发音是以辅音音素开头。故填a。 2．解析：who/that。考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词girl，指人。先行词在从句中充当主语，要用关系代词who或that引导。故填who/that。 3．解析：was。考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据句意可知，这里描述的是过去的情况，用一般过去时，主语是she，故填was。 4．解析：to help。考查非谓语动词。考查recommend sb.to do sth.的被动语态，故填to help。 5．解析：simple。考查形容词。安妮老师的方法简单明了。设空处与and后的形容词straightforward充当系动词was的表语。要用其形容词形式。故填simple。 6．解析：hands。考查名词的数。根据one of Helen's可知设空处要用名词的复数形式。故填hands。 7．解析：flowing。考查非谓语动词。此处表达：海伦意识到手指的动作意味着凉爽的液体流过她的手。句子的谓语动词是meant，设空处是非谓语动词作定语，与其所修饰的名词cool liquid之间是主动关系，要用现在分词形式。故填flowing。 8．解析：her。考查代词。这宝贵的知识给了她希望和快乐。此处考查give sb.sth.即give后跟双宾语，作宾语要用代词的宾格形式。故填her。 9．解析：Finally。考查副词。设空处单词修饰后文整个句子应用副词形式，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Finally。 10．解析：with。考查介词。在安妮小姐的帮助下，海伦逐渐理解了“爱”和“思考”的含义。短语with the help of...，意为“在……的帮助下”。故填with。 Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas Step One　Lead­in If you knew you were going to lose your hearing three days later, what would you most want to listen to in those three days? If I knew I were going to lose my hearing in three days, I would most want to listen to the voices of my loved ones.And I'd also listen to my favorite songs and go outside to listen to the sounds of nature. Step Two　Read for the main idea Match the main idea with each section. Section 1(Para.1) A.Imagining Three Days with Sight: Author pictures 3­day sight use for know­ledge, nature, art and connection. Section 2(Paras.2－3) B.Sense Deprivation Hypothesis: Author suggests early adult sensory loss can heighten sense value． Section 3(Paras.4－6) C.Observation and Contrast: Author compares her sighted friend's apathy to nature with her touch finds, showing overlooked sight beauty. Section 4 (Para.7) D.Cherishing Senses: Blind author urges the sighted to cherish senses as if about to lose them. Section 5(Para.8) E.Awareness of Loss：Midnight darkness makes the author realize unseen beauty and sight's preciousness. 答案：Section 1—B　Section 2—C　Section 3—A　Section 4—E　Section 5—D Step Three　Read for details Ⅰ.Read Section 1(Para.1) carefully and do the following exercise. Why does the author consider it a blessing to be blind and deaf for a few days in early adulthood? Because darkness would make people more appreciative of sight and silence would teach them the joys of sound. Ⅱ.Read Section 2 (Paras.2－3) carefully and do the following exercises. 1．How did the author feel when hearing the friend's response to her walk in the woods? A．Satisfied. B．Surprised. C．Angry. D．Amused. 2．What does the author believe sight can reveal compared to touch? A．Less beauty. B．About the same amount of beauty. C．Much more beauty. D．Uncertain amount of beauty. 答案：1.B　2.C Ⅲ.Read Section 3 (Paras.4－6) carefully and do the following exercises. 1．Why does the author especially want to see the people who have been kind and gentle to her on the first day? To understand friendship better through sight as she only felt it by touch before. 2．What can we infer about the author's view of art from her plan on the second day? She believes art can help her understand the deeper meaning of human existence. Ⅳ.Read Section 4 (Para.7) carefully and do the following exercise. What does the author realize when midnight comes and permanent night closes in again? She has left a lot unseen and didn't make full use of her vision. Ⅴ.Read Section 5 (Para.8) carefully and do the following exercise. In addition to sight, which other senses does the author mention as suitable for applying this method? A．Taste and smell only. B．Hearing, touch, smell, and taste. C．Hearing and touch only. D．Smell and hearing only. 答案：B Step Four　Consolidation Discuss the following questions with your partners and present your answers to the class. 1．In your opinion, why do you think the author's friend saw nothing special during the long walk in the woods? 2．If you were given only three days to see, what would be the top three things you would choose to see and why? Your presentation： Maybe she was used to the scenery or distracted by her thoughts, neglecting details.This reveals how we often take the world for granted.Now, if given three days of sight, I might choose to see family members, famous landmarks, or a beautiful beach for nature's beauty. ◎ Three Days to See① [1] I have often thought it would be a blessing② if each human being were stricken blind and deaf③ for a few days at some time during his early adult life．Darkness would make him more appreciative④ of sight; silence would teach him the joys of sound. [1]这是一个复合句。have thought之后是宾语从句；宾语从句中it是形式主语，if引导的条件状语从句是真正的主语。if引导的条件状语从句是一个与现在情况相反的虚拟条件句，be的过去式用were。 Now and then I have tested my seeing friends⑤ to discover what they see.[2]Recently, I asked a friend who had just returned from a long walk in the woods what she had observed. “Nothing in particular，” she replied. [2] 这是一个复合句。主句结构为ask sb.sth.其中关系代词who引导定语从句修饰先行词a friend；what引导宾语从句。 How was it possible, I asked myself, to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing worthy of⑥ note? I who cannot see find hundreds of things to interest me through mere touch⑦.If I can get so much pleasure from touch, how much more beauty must be revealed⑧ by sight？[3] And I have imagined what I should most like to see if I were given the use of my eyes, say for just three days. [3] 这是一个复合句。主句谓语动词是have imagined，后面是what引导的宾语从句，其中if引导虚拟条件句。 On the first day, I should want to see the people whose kindness and gentleness⑨ and companionship⑩ have made my life worth living.I do not know what it is to see into the heart of a friend through that “window of the soul⑪”，the eye.I can only “see” through my fingertips⑫ the outline⑬ of a face.[4]I should like to see the books which have been read to me, and which have revealed to me the deepest channels⑭ of human life and the human spirit⑮. In the afternoon I should take a long walk in the woods and intoxicate⑯ my eyes on the beauties of the world of nature.That night, I should not be able to sleep. [4]本句是复合句，and连接两个which引导的并列定语从句修饰先行词the books。 On my second day, I should like to see the pageant of man's progress⑰，and I should go to the museums.I should try to probe into⑱ the soul of man through his art.The things I knew through touch I should now see.The evening of my second day I should spend at a theater or at the movies. The following morning, I should again greet the dawn⑲，[5] anxious to discover new delights, new revelations of beauty.Today I shall spend in the workaday⑳ world, amid the haunts of men㉑ going about the business of life. [5]形容词短语作状语，表示主语的状态。 At midnight permanent㉒ night would close in on me again.[6] Only when darkness had again descended upon㉓ me should I realize how much I had left unseen． [6] 此处“Only＋状语从句”置于句首，主句为部分倒装，即把助动词或情态动词提到主语之前。 I who am blind can give one hint to those who see: Use your eyes [7]as if tomorrow you would be stricken blind．And the same method can be applied to the other senses.Hear the music of voices, the song of a bird, the mighty strains of an orchestra㉔, as if you would be stricken deaf tomorrow．Touch each object you want to touch as if tomorrow your tactile sense㉕ would fail．Smell the perfume of flowers㉖, taste with relish㉗ each morsel, as if tomorrow you could never smell and taste again．But of all the senses, I am sure that sight must be the most delightful㉘. [7]本段中出现了4处as if引导的虚拟条件从句，表示一种对将来的假设，从句谓语用“would/could/might＋动词原形”。 (Excerpts from “Three Days to See” by Helen Keller) ◎ ①Three Days to See(《假如给我三天光明》)是美国著名女作家海伦·凯勒(Helen Keller，1880～1968)的代表作品之一 ②blessing n．幸事，幸运 bless vt.保佑，降福 ③strike vt.侵袭；击打，碰撞 be stricken blind and deaf 突然失明、耳聋 ④appreciative adj.感激的 appreciate v．欣赏；感激 appreciation n．欣赏；感激 ⑤seeing friend 有视觉的朋友 ⑥worthy adj.值得尊敬的；值得赞赏的 worthy of 值得……的 ⑦mere adj.仅仅，只不过 merely adv.仅仅，只不过 through mere touch 仅凭借触觉 ⑧reveal v．揭示；显示；露出；展示 revelation n．展现，显示 ⑨gentleness n．和蔼，温和 gentle adj.文静的；温柔的 gently adv.文静地；温柔地 gentleman n．彬彬有礼的人；先生 ⑩companionship n．友谊；友好交往 companion n．伙伴，同伴 ⑪window of the soul 心灵之窗 ⑫fingertip n．指尖 ⑬outline n．外形，轮廓 ⑭the deepest channel 最深的航道 ⑮the human spirit 人类心灵 ⑯intoxicate v．使兴奋，使陶醉 ⑰pageant n．盛大的(露天)演出 the pageant of (历史事件的)缤纷场景 the pageant of man's progress 人类发展的奇观 ⑱probe v．调查；探究 probe into 调查；探究 ⑲dawn n．黎明，破晓 ⑳workaday adj.平凡的；平淡的 ㉑amid prep.在……之中 haunt n．(某人)常去的地方 amid the haunts of men到人们经常去的地方去 ㉒permanent adj.长久的；永久的 ㉓descend v．降临；来临 descend upon sb.降临到某人身上 ㉔mighty strains of an orchestra管弦乐队那雄浑铿锵的旋律 ㉕tactile sense 触觉 ㉖the perfume of flowers 花的芳香 ㉗with relish 津津有味地；津津乐道地 relish n．享受，乐趣 ㉘delightful adj.令人愉快的，讨人喜欢的 ◎ 假如给我三天光明 我常常想，如果每个人在青年时期都有一段时间失明和失聪，那会是一件幸事。黑暗会使人更加珍惜视力，静默能教人享受声音的美妙。 我时常测试我那些看得见的朋友，想了解他们看到了什么。最近，我问一个在林子里散步了许久回来的朋友有何所见。她答道：“没什么特别的。” 我自问，在林子里散步一小时之久，怎么可能没看到任何值得注意的东西呢？我一个看不见的人，仅仅通过触觉，都会发现许许多多令我感兴趣的东西。如果说仅凭触觉就能得到这么多的快乐，那么视觉能展现多少美好的东西啊。我想象过，如果我能被赋予视觉，哪怕只有三天，我最希望看到什么。 第一天，我想见见那些用善良、温柔和陪伴使我的生命变得有价值的人。我无法理解透过“心灵之窗”——眼睛，看透一个朋友的内心是怎样的感觉。因为我只能通过我的指尖“看”到一张面孔的轮廓。我还要看书，那些别人读给我的书，那些为我揭示了人生和人类精神层面的深刻奥秘的书。到了下午，我要在树林中散步，让我的眼睛陶醉在大自然的美景中。这个夜晚，我将无法入睡。 第二天，我要去看人类发展的壮观景象，我要去博物馆。我要通过艺术探究人类的灵魂。那些我之前通过触摸了解过的事物，我现在要亲眼看一看。而这一天的傍晚，我要在剧院或者电影院度过。 第三天清晨，我要再次迎接黎明，迫切地去探索更多愉悦，发现更多美好。这天我要过平凡的生活，到那些为生计忙碌的人常去的地方。 到了午夜，永久的黑夜将再次把我笼罩。只有当黑暗再次降临时，我才意识到，我还有那么多东西没有看到。 我，一个盲人，可以给看得见的人一个忠告：要像明天即将失明一样去使用你的眼睛。而这种方法也可以用在其他感官上：要像明天即将失聪一样，去仔细聆听音乐的旋律、鸟儿的歌唱、交响乐的震撼旋律；要像明天即将失去触觉一样，去触摸你想感受的每一件物品；要像明天即将失去嗅觉和味觉一样，去细嗅花香、细品美食。但是，我敢肯定，在所有的感官中，视觉的享受一定是最令人愉悦的。 (节选自海伦·凯勒《假如给我三天光明》) appreciative adj.感激的(联想：appreciate vt.感激；欣赏；理解；意识到→appreciation n．感激；欣赏；理解) 【教材原句】　Darkness would make him more appreciative of sight; silence would teach him the joys of sound. 黑暗会使人更加珍惜视力，静默能教人享受声音的美妙。 【用法归纳】 (1)be appreciative of sth. 感激/赞赏某事 (2)appreciate (sb./sb.'s) doing sth. 感激(某人)做某事 I would appreciate it if... 如果……我将不胜感激。 (3)express/convey one's appreciation to sb.for... 因……向某人表达感谢 in appreciation of 作为对……的感谢 温馨提示：当appreciate, hate, dislike, love, like, depend/rely on等词后接宾语从句时，一般先加it，再接宾语从句。 【佳句必背】　(2023·全国甲卷)This place is good for a candlelit dinner or a work meeting with colleagues who appreciate fine food.这个地方很适合享用烛光晚餐，或者适合与那些懂得欣赏美食的同事们开工作会议。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①I would sincerely express my appreciation (appreciate) if you could offer me some guidance on how to improve my writing skills. ②I really appreciate having (have) the chance to explore China, a beautiful and culturally rich country. ③We should be more appreciative (appreciate) of the opportunities for education that open doors to a better future. ④The students sent a bouquet of flowers to their teacher in appreciation of her patient teaching and care. 【写成佳句】　一句多译 ⑤(应用文之申请信)如果您能抽出宝贵的时间考虑我的请求，我将不胜感激。 →I would be appreciate it if you could spare your precious time to consider my request.(appreciate) →I would be appreciative of it if you could spare your precious time to consider my request.(appreciative) embarrassed adj.难堪的，尴尬的(联想：embarrass vt.使窘迫，使尴尬→embarrassing adj.使人尴尬的，使人难堪的→embarrassment n．尴尬，难堪，窘迫) 【教材原句】　 I felt embarrassed, even though no one could see me. 我感到很尴尬，尽管没人能看到我。 【用法归纳】 (1)be/feel embarrassed about/at... 因……感到尴尬 be embarrassed to do sth. 尴尬地做某事 (2)in/with embarrassment 尴尬地 to one's embarrassment 让某人尴尬的是 (3)It embarrasses/embarrassed sb.to do sth. 做某事让某人感到尴尬 What embarrasses/embarrassed sb.is... 让某人尴尬的是…… 【佳句必背】　However, I am a little bit careless, which creates embarrassing moments or disappointing performance in class, which makes me embarrassed.(应用文之求助信) 不过，我有点粗心大意，这导致了课堂上出现尴尬的时刻或者表现不佳，这让我感到难堪。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①(应用文之求助信)Many students are embarrassed about making embarrassing mistakes in public, which makes them keep silent.(embarrass) ②Sarah covered her face with her hands in/with embarrassment after she accidentally fell down in the crowded hallway. 【写成佳句】　一句多译 ③令我尴尬的是，我在街上偶遇初中老师时，我突然想不起她的名字。 →To my embarrassment, when I ran into my junior high school teacher, I suddenly couldn't remember her name.(embarrassment) →What embarrassed me was that when I ran into my junior high school teacher, I suddenly couldn't remember her name.(embarrass) →It was embarrassing that when I ran into my junior high school teacher, I suddenly couldn't remember her name.(embarrassing) in particular 尤其，特别 【教材原句】　Recently, I asked a friend who had just returned from a long walk in the woods what she had observed.“Nothing in particular，” she replied. 最近，我问一个在林子里散步了许久回来的朋友有何所见。她答道：“没什么特别的。” 【用法归纳】 (1)in particular＝particularly 尤其，特别 (2)be particular about/over 对……挑剔/讲究 be particular to 为……所特有 【佳句必背】　Hearing that you'll deliver a lecture on western art, I'm eager to learn something about western dance in particular.(应用文之咨询信) 听闻您将举办一场关于西方艺术的讲座，我特别渴望了解一些有关西方舞蹈的知识。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①Teachers in our school use various teaching methods.Group discussions in particular encourage us to voice our opinions. ②The new art teacher is particularly (particular) creative, always coming up with unique project ideas for the class. ③The unique architectural style of these ancient temples is particular to this region, featuring delicate wood carvings. ④The old couple is particular about/over the place where they live and it must be a quiet neighborhood. 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ⑤此外，我特别有兴趣了解更多关于提供的活动和项目。 Additionally, I am particularly interested in learning more about the activities and programs offered. give one hint to 给……提示 【教材原句】　I who am blind can give one hint to those who see: Use your eyes as if tomorrow you would be stricken blind. 我，一个盲人，可以给看得见的人一个忠告：要像明天即将失明一样去使用你的眼睛。 【用法归纳】 give away 　　　 泄露；赠送；分发 give in to 屈服于；投降；让步 give off 放出；发出(光、热、气味等) give out 分配；分发；用光；筋疲力尽 give up 放弃；认输 give way to 给……让路；让步 【佳句必背】　The tour guide gave one hint to the tourists about the best place to watch the sunrise on Mount Tai, and they were all excited to head there.(应用文之活动介绍) 导游给了游客们一个在泰山上观赏日出最佳地点的提示，他们都兴奋地前往那里。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①The freshly baked bread gives off a delicious smell that fills the entire kitchen, making everyone's mouth water. ②He kept climbing all the way up the mountain, and by the time he reached the top he gave out． ③The old man had made a decision that he would give away all his belongings to the charity after his death. ④(应用文之建议信)If you fail an exam, don't give in to despair.Failure is just a stepping stone on the road to success. 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ⑤尽管在通往梦想大学的道路上存在诸多困难，但他从未放弃直至成功。 Despite the many difficulties on the road to pursuing his dream university, he never gave up until he succeeded． as if 引导状语从句 【教材原句】　Use your eyes as if tomorrow you would be stricken blind. 要像明天即将失明一样去使用你的眼睛。 【用法归纳】 句中的as if 引导状语从句，表示对未来的虚拟。 (1)as if/though 引导表语从句或方式状语从句时，若说话人所陈述的是不真实的情况，从句用虚拟语气。从句谓语的形式有三种情况：从句用一般过去时(与现在的事实相反，be动词用were)；从句用过去完成时(与过去的事实相反)；从句用would/could/might do 形式(与将来的事实相反)。 (2)如果as if/though 所引导的从句表示的是真实的或极有可能发生的情况，句子要用陈述语气。 【佳句必背】　It was a long and hard day as if I were sitting on pins and needles.(读后续写之心理描写) 那是漫长而艰苦的一天，我如坐针毡。 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ①(读后续写之情景描写)我的猫在阳光下伸着懒腰，好像它是世界之王，对周围的一切都视而不见。 My cat stretches lazily in the sun as if it were the king of the world，ignoring everything around. ②他生动地描述了那场车祸，就好像他目睹了一样。 He vividly described the car accident as if he had witnessed it． ③他正在为明天的演讲精心做准备，就好像他会在演讲时都忘了一样。 He is making elaborate preparations for tomorrow's speech as if he would forget everything during it. ④看起来好像很快就要下雨了。乌云密布，风越来越大。 It looks as if it is going to rain soon．The dark clouds are gathering and the wind is picking up. 写出句中加黑单词的词性和汉语意思 ①(2021·北京卷)The noise woke up the woman.She seemed to be in panic, and then reality dawned.v.变得明朗；开始清楚 ②I always outline my projects in detail before beginning the actual work to ensure a smooth progress.v.列提纲 ③He didn't get the blessing from his parents to study abroad, which made his parents upset.n.赞同，许可 [课后分层练6] (时间：45分钟　满分：80.5分) Ⅰ.单词拼写(每小题1分，共10分) 1．The outline (轮廓) of the mountain against the sunset is extremely beautiful, like a giant landscape painting. 2．It was at dawn (黎明) that we set out on our adventure, excited and happy. 3．Having a group of friends who support you all the time is truly a blessing (幸事) in life. 4．The debate team probed (探究) into various social issues last week, such as environmental protection and education equality. 5．The team launched a mighty (强有力的) effort to complete the project ahead of schedule, working around the clock. 6．She gently touched the delicate flower with her fingertip (指尖), afraid that any sudden movement would make it drop. 7．Amid (在……中) the heated discussions in the classroom, new ideas and perspectives were constantly emerging. 8．Her selfless efforts to organize charity events for the disabled are worthy (值得) of high praise. 9．The unexpected snow descended (降临) upon the city overnight, transforming it into a winter wonderland. 10．In times of loneliness, it is the memories of good companionship (友谊) that warm our hearts and remind us we are not alone. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每小题1分，共8分) 1．I was delighted to receive an invitation to the party, and it turned out to be a truly delightful event filled with wonderful people and great music.(delight) 2．I am truly grateful for your gentleness (gentle) in handling my mistakes, which made me feel understood and respected. 3．The new technology has permanently (permanent) changed the way we communicate, making the world a small village. 4．I'm writing on behalf of our school to convey my sincere appreciation (appreciate) to you for the lecture you gave us last week. 5．He was embarrassed when he walked into the wrong classroom, and the surprised stares from the students made the situation even more embarrassing．(embarrass) 6．She was merely (mere) trying to offer some helpful advice, but it seemed to be misunderstood. 7．His reaction during the crisis was a revelation (reveal) of his true character, showing unexpected courage and perseverance. 8．After reading a piece of literature (literary), you should try writing a short review. Ⅲ.完成句子(每小题2分，共10分) 1．如果我是我们学生会主席，我会组织更多课外活动来丰富我们的生活。 If I were the chairman of our Student Union，I would organize more after­school activities to enrich our life. 2．友好的当地居民总是乐于提供帮助，让我们在这个小镇的停留时光十分愉快。 The friendly locals made our stay in the small town pleasant, who were always willing to offer help. 3．所有学生都坐在课桌前，等着老师来，急切地想知道考试成绩。 All the students sat at their desk and waited for their teacher, anxious to know the result of the exam． 4．只有当我们人类尊重自然环境，才能为后代留下一个更美好的世界。 Only when we human beings show respect to the natural environment can we leave a better world for future generations． 5．这对老夫妇对他非常好，待他就如同他是他们的亲生儿子一样。 The old couple were very kind to him and treated him as if he were their own son． Ⅳ.课文语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) The author, who has been blind, often reflects on 1 how a temporary experience of blindness and deafness in early adulthood could be a great gift.This period would make people 2 truly (true) treasure the senses of sight and sound. 3 To understand (understand) how the sighted perceive the world, the author tested her friends.One friend, after a long forest walk, saw nothing remarkable.The author was 4 astonished (astonish), who finds so much through touch, and wonders how much more beauty sight can uncover. Imagining three days of sight, the author would start by looking at the faces of those 5 whose kindness has brightened her life.She'd also explore the books that have been a source of knowledge and 6 inspiration (inspire).In the afternoon, the woods would offer a feast for the eyes, with every leaf and stream becoming 7 a wonder. On the second day, museums would reveal the story of human progress, and the theater would bring stories to life.The third day would be spent 8 absorbing (absorb) the simple pleasures of daily routines, like watching people go about their business. Finally, the author appeals to everyone to cherish all their senses as if they 9 were (be) about to lose them forever.Among all, sight, often overlooked, is truly the most 10 delightful (delight) sense, capable of revealing the world's boundless beauty. Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共10分) (2025·安徽合肥高二上期中)Shirley Raines makes the homeless community in Los Angeles's skid row (贫民窟) neighborhood feel human.She is the founder of Beauty 2 The Streetz, a nonprofit organization that provides free food, clothing, haircuts, and make­up services for the homeless.And Shirley is now the CNN Hero of the Year! In 1990, Raines' 2­year­old son Demetrius passed away from accidental poisoning while at his grandma's house.This event caused a lot of pain for Shirley Raines.The pain lasted for many years.And she did not know what to do about it.She struggled to understand what her purpose was in life.Until one day six years ago, Shirley visited the skid row with a friend from church who asked her to volunteer.She met a lot of homeless people and realized how much help they needed, not just in finding a home, but in finding themselves and their own worth and beauty. Shirley started to volunteer every Saturday.As she got to know the homeless, they often praised her for her make­up, hair, and style.She started to offer to “make up” the homeless.They loved it, she loved it, they loved her and she loved them.She found purpose.So she started an outdoor beauty salon to serve the homeless, which took most of her spare time. Raines started sharing her efforts on Instagram with photos and even livestreaming (网络直播) some of her events.Things took off.She formed her nonprofit organization, Beauty 2 The Streetz, and her followers quickly began donating money or time to expand Shirley's impact.Her Instagram followers grew to over 200，000 people, including many beauty professionals such as licensed hairstylists, barbers, make­up artists.Many of them regularly donate money to keep the services rolling.Others donate their time to help Shirley serve the homeless. Shirley's boldness, caring, courage, consistency (连贯性), and desire to take action have led to making a real impact on people's lives.And she also serves as a role model for an inspiration to others. [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Shirley Raines通过创立非营利组织，为洛杉矶贫民窟无家可归者提供免费服务，最终成为CNN年度英雄的故事。 1．How did Shirley change her sad feeling and live purposefully? A．By livestreaming her daily life. B．By giving a hand to the homeless. C．By taking good care of her family members. D．By interacting with her fans in her free time. 解析：选B。推理判断题。文章第二段提到 Shirley 因儿子去世痛苦多年，丢失了生活的方向，直到六年前和朋友去贫民窟做志愿者。第三段表明她开始每周六去帮助无家可归者，为他们提供美容服务，找到了生活的意义。推断出她是通过帮助无家可归者改变了悲伤情绪并开始有意义地生活。故选B。 2．What is the most likely aspect to make Shirley the CNN Hero of the Year? A．Her strong character. B．Her make­up services. C．Her creative idea. D．Her charitable acts. 解析：选D。细节理解题。Shirley 创立了非营利组织 Beauty 2 The Streetz，为无家可归者提供免费食物、衣物、理发和化妆服务等慈善行为，这对人们的生活产生了切实影响，因此她的慈善行为使她成为 CNN 年度英雄。故选D。 3．Why are some beauty professionals mentioned in the fourth paragraph? A．To show their contributions to the organization. B．To introduce the regulation of Shirley's program. C．To explain the structure of the organization. D．To demonstrate the diversity of volunteers. 解析：选A。细节理解题。第四段提到许多美容专业人士，如持证发型师、理发师、化妆师等，他们定期捐款或奉献时间帮助 Shirley 为无家可归者服务，这表明了这些美容专业人士对 Shirley 组织的贡献。故选A。 4．Which does the author probably suggest readers do? A．Think twice before we leap. B．Stay optimistic all the time. C．Pass on love. D．Never give up. 解析：选C。推理判断题。Shirley从痛苦中走出来，通过帮助无家可归者找到生活意义，并成立组织扩大影响力，为他人带来帮助和希望。作者通过讲述这个故事，很可能是希望读者传递爱，像 Shirley 一样去帮助他人。故选C。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 (每小题2.5共12.5分) (2025·广东珠海高二上期中)Do you feel your life is losing its passion (热情)—as though everything you do, like work and study, is boring and empty? A life passion isn't something that drops on you from the heaven or appears from thin air.1( ) If you want to begin today to display your true self and regain your own passion in life, here are some measures you can take to get started. 2( ) Get a small pocket notebook and keep it with you.Keep the memory of times when you feel happy and fulfilled.What are you doing when you feel good? Write it down in your notebook.Pay attention to what feels good to you. Let go of should. 3( ) I should stay in this job because I can't find a better one.I should became a teacher because my parents want me to.I should not try something new because I'll look foolish.Throw away this word from your vocabulary while on your passion search. Appreciate your skills. Maybe you aren't an expert at something, but you have many skills.4( ) Ask your friends and parents what you are good at—no matter how small.Make a list of your skills, and make note of the skills you really enjoy. Keep trying. The process of finding your passion may take a couple of years.You may have to try a few things and give up a few before you discover what makes you feel great.It may gradually surround you rather than knock you in the head.5( ) A．You may not recognize them, but others do. B．Maybe you will become stronger and more confident. C．Recognize your joy. D．Many people hold themselves back from happiness because of the word “should”． E．Have patience and keep digging. F．How can you live with passion when you have a hole in your heart? G．Discovering your passion is a process of self­discovering. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文，介绍了找回生活热情的方法。 1．解析：选 G。前文提到 “A life passion isn't something that drops on you from the heaven or appears from thin air.”(生活热情不是从天而降或凭空出现的)，而选项 G“Discovering your passion is a process of self­discovering.”(发现你的热情是一个自我发现的过程)，很好地承接了上文，说明了热情需要通过自我发现的过程来获得，不是凭空而来，所以 G 选项符合语境。 2．解析：选 C。该部分内容提到 “Keep the memory of times when you feel happy and fulfilled.What are you doing when you feel good? Write it down in your notebook.Pay attention to what feels good to you.”，强调要记住并关注让自己开心和满足的时刻，也就是要 “Recognize your joy.”(认识到你的快乐)，C 选项作为小标题能够概括这部分内容。 3．解析：选 D。此部分标题是 “Let go of should.”，选项 D“Many people hold themselves back from happiness because of the word ‘should’．”(许多人因为“应该”这个词而阻碍了自己获得幸福)，进一步阐述了 “should” 这个词对人们的影响，与标题及下文列举的各种 “should” 的情况相呼应，所以 D 选项正确。 4．解析：选 A。上文提到 “Maybe you aren't an expert at something, but you have many skills.”(也许你在某方面不是专家，但你有很多技能)，下文 “Ask your friends and parents what you are good at—no matter how small.”(问问你的朋友和父母你擅长什么——无论多小的事)，说明自己可能没意识到自己的技能，而别人能发现，A 选项 “You may not recognize them, but others do.” 符合上下文逻辑。 5．解析：选 E。前文提到 “The process of finding your passion may take a couple of years.You may have to try a few things and give up a few before you discover what makes you feel great.”(找到你的热情可能需要几年时间。在发现自己真正喜欢的东西之前，你可能要尝试一些并放弃一些东西)，强调这个过程需要时间，所以要 “Have patience and keep digging.”(要有耐心并不断挖掘)，E 选项符合语境。 Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) (2025·河南新乡高二上期中)I needed to have a new phone installed (安装).An old and 1 wooden desk was in the way, however.The serviceman refused to move it.Frustrated, I whispered “I am woman” as I pushed it aside.I 2 my back pain until he left.It soon 3 ，forcing me to have it checked in the hospital. My back was not 4 injured.But there was a dark spot on my kidney (肾), which turned out cancerous and had to be removed.Fortunately, the cancer did not appear to have 5 ．Unfortunately, it would not respond to any treatment or 6 ． The doctor 7 that I take a cruise (航行) and do anything I had been putting off.He expected the cancer would spread and 8 my life within a year! I didn't even 9 any of the retirement savings I had 10 all these years.It's frustrating. But if I had only a year, I was going to make it 11 ．I treasured every minute.As the year raced by, I am still 12 ．I 13 I still had a few more years, which I marked off by filling them with everything I had procrastinated (耽搁) doing all my life.I volunteered at a zoo, worked as a (n) 14 ，and even published children's books. My “last year” of life continues to delight me, after a quarter century of making sure that every moment counts.Now, I am 15 enough to see my grandchildren and great­grandchildren grow up. [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在得知自己可能只有一年生命后如何积极面对生活、珍惜每一刻的故事。 1． A．simple B．heavy C．outdated D．broken 解析：选B。根据下句 “The serviceman refused to move it.Frustrated, I whispered ‘I am woman’ as I pushed it aside.” 可知，作者搬桌子很费劲，连服务人员都拒绝帮忙移动，由此可推测桌子很重(heavy)。故选B。 2． A．covered up B．showed off C．looked through D．got over 解析：选A。结合语境，作者在服务人员面前不想表现出自己因搬桌子而背痛，所以一直掩饰着(covered up)疼痛。故选A。 3． A．faded B．returned C．intensified D．stopped 解析：选C。从句子中的 “forcing me to have it checked in the hospital” 可知，疼痛加剧(intensified)才迫使作者不得不去医院检查。故选C。 4． A．mentally B．seriously C．physically D．frequently 解析：选B。根据下文“But there was a dark spot on my kidney (肾), which turned out cancerous and had to be removed.” 可知，作者的背部本身并没有受到严重(seriously)伤害，而是肾脏有问题。 5． A．declined B．improved C．cleared D．spread 解析：选D。根据上文Fortunately并结合生活常识可知，此处表示癌症似乎还没有扩散(spread)。故选D。 6． A．protection B．aid C．medicine D．resource 解析：选C。结合生活常识可知，此处表达自己的癌症对于治疗手段和药物(medicine)都没有反应了。故选C。 7． A．insisted B．required C．demanded D．recommended 解析：选D。根据作者的病情，医生建议(recommended)作者去乘船旅行，去做一直拖延的事情。 8． A．take B．shape C．rescue D．enjoy 解析：选A。医生预计癌症会扩散并在一年内夺走作者的生命。take one's life夺走/结束某人的生命。故选A。 9． A．charge B．touch C．confirm D．declare 解析：选B。作者没想到自己还没动用这些年存的退休积蓄，就面临这样的情况。touch在此意为“动用”。故选B。 10．A．saved B．donated C．spent D．promised 解析：选A。根据 “retirement savings” 可知，这里指作者多年来存下的(saved)钱。故选A。 11．A．happen B．last C．count D．exist 解析：选C。根据下句“I treasured every minute.” 以及下文的 “after a quarter century of making sure that every moment counts” 可知作者要让这一年变得有意义，make it count意为“让它有意义”。故选C。 12．A．independent B．aware C．awake D．alive 解析：选D。从后文作者继续做各种事情可知，一年过去了，作者仍然活着(alive)。故选D。 13．A．determined B．agreed C．pretended D．figured 解析：选D。作者认为自己还有好几年的时间。figure意为“认为，料想，估计”。故选D。 14．A．researcher B．editor C．designer D．doctor 解析：选B。根据 “and even published children's books” 可知，作者从事的工作与出版相关，最有可能是编辑(editor)。故选B。 15．A．lucky B．disappointed C．scared D．tough 解析：选A。根据生活常识可知，作者能够看到孙子孙女和曾孙辈长大，感到很幸运(lucky)。故选A。 Section Ⅳ　Writing—Writing about an experience 本单元的写作任务是写一篇关于个人经历的文章，属于记叙文。此类文章主要介绍事件的原因、过程(包括人物、时间、经过等)以及结果。 Ⅰ.谨记写作范式 Ⅱ.积累话题素材 1．交代此次经历发生的时间、地点与相关人物 (1)交代时间的常用表达： one day、the other day、last week/month、a few days/weeks/months ago、“when I was...years old”、(a) long time ago、at six o'clock in the morning、at/on the weekend、by the end of last term、during the summer holiday、on Sunday morning等 (2)交代地点的常用表达：in one's office、on one's way to school、on one's way home、at the end of the street、at the foot of the mountain、at the airport等 (3)常用句型： ①Last week，an exchange student called...from...came to our school. ②Last weekend，our school invited a craftsman to teach us... ③In order to help him/her to know more about...，I prepared a series of activities. 2．推动情节发展(事情经过) 常用表达：then、suddenly、immediately、in addition、while、when、as、not...until...等 3．介绍经历的结果或谈自己的感想 (1)常用表达：at last、finally、luckily/fortunately、to one's surprise、feel tired/delighted... (2)常用句型： ①Personally，I think that... ②What surprised/attracted/delighted/...us most was that... ③Through this meaningful/...activity，we learnt something that can't be learnt in class. ④He/She was very grateful for/appreciative of what I had done for him/her，and said he/she was deeply impressed with... ⑤While working，I realised... ⑥What an unforgettable experience! 假设你是李华，上周末你参加了校学生会组织的“认识我们身边的植物”的活动。请用英语为校英文报写一篇报道，分享你的本次经历。内容包括： 1．活动的过程； 2．收获与感想。 注意：写作词数应为80左右。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Step 1　审题谋篇·定框架 定人称 以第一人称为主 定时态 以一般过去时为主 定框架 第一段：交代时间、组织方、活动主题； 第二段：描述活动内容； 第三段：对本次活动的总体评价。 Step 2　要点翻译·用佳句 1．上周末，我参加了由我们学校学生会组织的“认识我们身边的植物”的活动。 Last weekend, I participated in the “Getting to Know the Plants around Us” activity organised by the Students' Union of our school． 2．我们很高兴在黎明时分开始探索我们周围的植物世界的旅程。 We were delighted to start our journey at dawn to explore the world of the plants around us. 3．本次活动以当地植物学家的讲座开始。 The activity began with a lecture by a local botanist. 4．这位植物学家向我们介绍了各种植物的不同特性和用途。 The botanist taught us about the different characteristics and uses of various plants. [升级]　用定语从句合并句3和句4 The activity began with a lecture by a local botanist, who taught us about the different characteristics and uses of various plants. 5．然后我们在大自然中散步，观察和收集不同植物的样本。 We then went on a walk in nature to observe and collect samples of different plants． 6．这些各种各样的植物生存在这个世界上。 These varieties of plants exist in this world． 7．我了解了用于医疗的植物。 I learnt about plants that are used for medical purposes． 8．我也了解了那些为动物提供食物和庇护的植物。 I also learnt about those plants that provide food and shelter for animals． [升级]　用连词as well as连接句7和句8 I learnt about plants that are used for medical purposes as well as those that provide food and shelter for animals. 9．我也对植物在维持我们的生态系统平衡中所起的作用有了更深的理解。 I also gained a greater appreciation for the role that plants play in maintaining the balance of our ecosystem. 10．总的来说，有这样一个宝贵的经历是值得的。 Overall，it was worthwhile having/to have such a valuable experience． Step 3　连句成篇·达美文 Last weekend, I participated in the “Getting to Know the Plants around Us” activity organised by the Students' Union of our school.We were delighted to start our journey at dawn to explore the world of the plants around us. The activity began with a lecture by a local botanist，who taught us about the different characteristics and uses of various plants.We then went on a walk in nature to observe and collect samples of different plants.I learnt about plants that are used for medical purposes as well as those that provide food and shelter for animals.I also gained a greater appreciation for the role that plants play in maintaining the balance of our ecosystem. Overall，it was worthwhile having/to have such a valuable experience. 主题：在逆境中获得成功 情感 描写 ①delighted 　　　 adj.愉快的，高兴的 ②upset adj.心烦意乱的，烦恼的 ③blessing n．幸事，幸运 ④appreciative adj.感激的 ⑤embarrassed adj.难堪的，尴尬的 ⑥endurance 　　 n.(忍)耐力 ⑦enthusiastic adj.热心的，热衷的 ⑧delightful adj.令人愉快的，讨人喜欢的 ⑨gentleness n．和蔼，温和 ⑩gentle adj.温和的，文雅的 ⑪worthwhile adj.重要的；值得做的 动作 描写 ①dread v.畏惧，惧怕 ②probe v．调查；探究 ③reject v．拒绝，否决 ④persevere v．锲而不舍，坚持不懈 ⑤perseverance n．坚持 ⑥criticism n.批评；指责 ⑦criticize v．批评 ⑧guarantee v．保证；确保 ⑨elect v．选举，推选 环境 描写 dawn 　　 n．黎明，破晓 [语段情景用]　逆境，是人生不可避免的一部分。而在逆境中获得成功的人，往往有着让人钦佩的勇气、智慧和毅力…… Li Ming was an ordinary person, but 1.it seemed as if (看起来似乎) writing was his true passion.Initially, his works faced much criticism, but he didn't lose heart.2.Hoping his work became a best­seller (希望他的书成为畅销书), he constantly strived to improve his writing skills.He spent hours reading books and learning from great authors.3.Facing others' criticism (面对别人的批评), he didn't feel discouraged.He 4.was always appreciative of (一直很感激) the feedback, considering it a precious opportunity to grow.He firmly believed that every setback was a good thing(用本单元词汇替换黑体词汇：5.blessing). Thus, he 6.was no longer upset about (不再为……烦恼) the harsh comments.Instead, he continued (用本单元词汇替换黑体词汇：7.persevered) with great determination.Finally, after years of hard work, his books started to gain popularity.His story inspired many, showing that people with courage, wisdom, and perseverance can achieve remarkable success. 单元过关检测卷(二) [Unit 2] (满分：120分　时间：100分钟) 第一部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A NEW NATURE WRITER OF THE YEAR Hunting for talented new faces in the world of nature writing, we set you a challenge: to write about a special place where you feel close to nature.Your many entries traveled from urban park to moorland (荒原); mountain to lake; coast to garden.Reading them was a thrilling reminder of the power of nature to comfort and heal, but also to energize and excite.Choosing a winner was difficult.Thank you to our judges for their thoughtful consideration.One entry stood out as the winner.Scarlet Ribbons is published on our web page.We hope you enjoy it. OUR JUDGING TEAM Gillian Burke, biologist “Achingly beautiful.This piece is near­perfect as far as I am concerned.It hit every mark, delivering all the elements set out in the brief and more.I could read it again and again...” Nicola Chester, author “I loved the ‘Hansel's bread crumbs of the Scarlet Pimpernel path’ that led you back to the past, to a Lost Eden.The line ‘the thaw (天气回暖期) never came for our moorland household’ has such dramatic power.” Cal Flyn, journalist and author “What a striking piece of writing.This was lyrical, knowledgeable and showed deep connection to a place.It also came with an emotional hit that made me want to lie down.” Joe Pontin, editor and chair of the judging panel “Written with elegance and passion, Scarlet Ribbons transports you to the peaceful summer days of a young child exploring the countryside around the family farm in Yorkshire.” [语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了自然主义作家获奖作品《红丝带》和评委们对它的评价。 1．What is the theme of the world of nature writing? A．Identifying the best nature­lover. B．Healing the world with nature­lovers. C．Exploring thrilling nature. D．Connecting with one unique natural place. 解析：选D。根据第一段第一句话的描述：我们在自然主义写作领域寻找有才华的新面孔，我们给你设定了一个挑战：写一个你觉得与大自然亲近的特殊地方。可知，自然主义写作领域的主题是写一个你觉得与大自然亲近的特殊地方，即与独特的自然环境相联系。故选D。 2．Who speaks highly of the lines of the Scarlet Ribbons? A．Gillian Burke. B．Nicola Chester. C．Cal Flyn. D．Joe Pontin. 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据Nicola Chester所说的话“The line ‘the thaw (天气回暖期) never came for our moorland household’ has such dramatic power.(‘在我们的荒原家庭看不到天气回暖的季节’，这句话震撼人心)”可知，Nicola Chester对《红丝带》的台词评价很高。故选B。 3．Where is this passage probably from? A．A website. B．A newspaper. C．A magazine. D．A guidebook. 解析：选A。文章出处题。根据第一段最后一句话 “Scarlet Ribbons is published on our web page.”，即该文章发表在网页上，因此可以推断出这篇文章来自网站。故选A。 B (2025·北京朝阳高二上期末)When I got my first research project to work, I was so excited.Seeing research in action was enjoyable.My excitement, though, was soon cut short when my professor asked me to write a research paper on the project.My body tensed.Writing was the last thing I wanted to do; it's one reason why I pursued science in the first place. I had hated writing since I was a little boy.But I couldn't avoid it: writing classes were required in high school.For hours, I stared at blank pages, trying to turn my disorganised thoughts into fluent sentences.My teachers would return my papers littered with red, showing my paragraphs were out of order.I was frustrated to no end.How could I know what was good if there was no objectively right answer? Maybe I wasn't cut out for writing. I studied engineering in college.A few years later, I joined a research lab.The professor assigned me an initial project to improve the efficiency of an inductor (电路感应器).I spent weeks setting up a test for a new design.When I got the results, though, the numbers weren't good.I kept trying new designs, using the results to brainstorm ideas with a team of researchers.Finally, after dozens of designs, we had one that could work.I was overjoyed—until my professor told me to write that research paper. In panic, I asked a graduate student in my lab for help.I carefully wrote an outline.But when I asked him for feedback, I soon found the paper full of red marks.Before I could quit in defeat, though, the graduate student explained red didn't mean I was a bad writer.Writing isn't a one­and­done thing.It requires revising your work, often several times.Suddenly it occurred to me, “Hadn't I done the same thing when I was designing my research project？” I kept improving my outline, eventually turning it into sentences and paragraphs, guided by feedback from others.Finally, I made it, and surprisingly, I was having fun. From then on, writing became one of my favourite parts of research, and it still is today.It's a future I never could have imagined during my early struggles with writing classes.But I came around. [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从最初对写作感到困扰和厌恶，最终在求助和不断修改中逐渐发现写作的乐趣，并将其转变为科研中最喜欢的部分之一的个人经历。 4．How did the author feel when asked to write a research paper? A．Regretful. B．Ashamed. C．Disappointed. D．Unwilling. 解析：选D。推理判断题。根据第一段中最后一句话的描述：我顿时紧张起来。写作是我最不想做的事，这也是我当初选择投身科学领域的原因之一。由此推断出，作者对于写研究论文这件事是很不情愿的(unwilling)态度。故选D。 5．The author's teacher returned his papers littered with red because ． A．he handed in blank pages B．his sentences were smooth C．his writing lacked organisation D．he combined science in his writing 解析：选C。推理判断题。根据第二段的描述：老师们会把批改后满是红色标记的作文返还给我，指出我的段落条理不清。由此推断出，老师在他的作文上做满红色标记是因为他的写作缺乏条理，也就是他的写作结构混乱。故选C。 6．Which word would best describe the author's final research design? A．Hard­earned. B．Confusing. C．Well­known. D．Worrying. 解析：选A。推理判断题。根据第三段的描述可知，作者接到提高电路感应器效率的项目后，经过几十次的尝试后，才终于有了一个可行的方案。可以看出这个最终的研究设计是作者付出了大量的时间、精力，经过反复尝试、不断努力才得来的。由此推断出，A选项“Hard­earned(来之不易的，辛苦获得的)”很好地体现了这个最终设计是经过作者艰辛努力才得到的这一特点。故选A。 7．What can we learn from this passage? A．A good beginning is half done. B．Actions speak louder than words. C．A bad workman always blames his tools. D．Trial and error opens the door to progress. 解析：选D。推理判断题。文章主要描述了作者在研究项目中的经历。作者接到提高电路感应器效率的任务后，经过几十次的尝试，最终得到了可行的设计。在写研究论文时，他也是在不断修改完善的过程中取得了成功。这整个过程体现了“Trial and error(反复试验)”的理念。作者通过不断地尝试新设计，从失败中学习，从而打开了通往进步的大门。故选D。 C (2025·湖南长沙高二上期中)I was in middle school when I had my first bout with anxiety, it began when I struggled with the pressure of being on a sports team.Being constantly compared to others caused a pit in my stomach that kept rising.I was scared and uncomfortable. I had to find a way to cope.My therapist taught me to fill in the gaps, because anxiety would show up on and on its own schedule, and I had to be prepared to deal with it.I knew I had to turn to something I enjoyed in order to cope.I love to write.As a child, my father always influenced me to write my own story.In middle school, I wrote letters to my future self in a diary.Today, I run the feature section in our student newspaper La Vista, which interviews student staff and alumni about their hobbies they've turned into passions. In the beginning, I didn't know what to write.But as the words began to flow, I began acknowledging feelings I'd been pushing down.If I experienced uneasiness, even queasiness, I'd write about it.If I felt guilty for having anxiety, I'd write about it.If I felt like everyone else was handling their anxiety way better than me, I'd write about it.Writing allowed me to look at my feelings as a third person, and just as a friend might tell you that you're being too hard on yourself, or it only looks like people are handling their anxiety well.Writing allowed me to look at the absurdity and the high standards I set for myself.Writing opens up my heart and relinquishes the pit in my stomach that tells me I am not good enough, or I will make the wrong decision. As I write more and more, it's like exercise.Maybe I don't want to get started, but as I move the pen across the page, I feel stronger.I feel proud of myself.I feel a sense of accomplishment.The actual content of what I write is less important than writing itself.I kept writing, it is powerful to me, and I see it has the power to calm me down and sharpen my focus.Writing has been a gift. [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在中学时期通过写作来应对焦虑的经历，并描述了写作是如何帮助他处理内心的情感，增强自我认知和情绪管理能力的。 8．What brought about the author's initial anxiety during middle school years? A．Talking with friends. B．Keeping a diary. C．Joining a sports team. D．Seeing a therapist. 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第一段的 “I was in middle school when I had my first bout with anxiety, it began when I struggled with the pressure of being on a sports team.”可知，起初，参加运动队导致了作者在中学时期的焦虑。故选C。 9．What does the underlined word “alumni” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Workers. B．Graduates. C．Coaches. D．Principals. 解析：选B。词义猜测题。根据画线单词所在的句子：今天，我在我们学生报纸La Vista的专题栏目工作，这个栏目采访了学生员工和alumni，谈论他们将爱好转化为激情的故事。这里 and 连接 student staff(学生员工)和 alumni，结合所给选项和常识可知，与学生相关且常与学生一同提及的是毕业生，alumni 意为 “校友，毕业生”。故选B。 10．How does the author cope with anxiety through writing? A．By writing about his own feelings. B．By writing letters to his future self. C．By writing about other people's stories. D．By writing about interviews with others. 解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第三段 “If I experienced uneasiness, even queasiness, I'd write about it.If I felt guilty for having anxiety, I'd write about it.If I felt like everyone else was handling their anxiety way better than me, I'd write about it.” 可知，作者通过把自己各种与焦虑相关的感受写下来以应对焦虑。故选A。 11．Why does the author consider writing a gift? A．Because it speaks volumes about his position. B．Because it relieves the author's sense of pride. C．Because it makes the author feel physically stronger. D．Because it settles him down and clarifies his thoughts. 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据最后一段 “I see it has the power to calm me down and sharpen my focus” 可知，作者认为写作是一份礼物，因为它能让作者平静下来，并且使注意力更集中，也就是能让作者安定下来并理清思绪。故选D。 D (2025·吉林G8教务联盟高二上期末)On the website of the EU Prize for Women Innovators, there are dozens of inspiring stories of female leaders alongside pictures of these professional­looking women wearing single color business suits.But when we move the page down a little further, Ailbhe and Izzy's pictures pop off the page, with their eye­catching colors and bright rainbow patterns, which is entirely in line with their company belief “If you can't stand up, stand out.” The fashionable sisters took the world by storm with their personalized wheelchair decorations. Ailbhe, now 25, was four years old when she became a big sister to Izzy.Although Izzy was born disabled and couldn't move from the waist down, her courage and energy deeply impressed Ailbhe and the two sisters developed a lifelong friendship.They spent hours as children decorating Izzy's wheelchairs and her other mobility devices.So when Ailbhe graduated from the National College of Art and had to complete a final year project, she knew what to choose—dress up a wheelchair's wheels! Ailbhe said, “The wheelchair itself didn't show Izzy's attitudes to life, or her energetic personality.It was ugly and made you lose confidence.I thought there might be a way of bridging that gap.” Ailbhe's project was extremely well received at her school's design show.Izzy loved the new wheels as well.A state organization helped the sisters work with fashion designers and get their business to take off.The next step for the sisters was partnering with big companies which were interested in representing people with disabilities.They turned to Disney.After all, this cooperation would involve one of their favorite activities—watching Disney movies! Besides, Disney was willing to donate 10% of profits to a charity that helps disabled children.In addition, the company promised to realize the dreams of children with disabilities. The sisters are excited for their creativity to make life in a wheelchair more fashionable, fun and personalized. [语篇解读]本文是新闻报道。文章主要讲述艾比(Ailbhe)和伊兹(Izzy)两姐妹赢得欧盟女性创新者奖的故事。 12．What helped the sisters win the EU prize? A．The fashionable company. B．The eye­catching pictures. C．Their colorful business suits. D．Their decorated wheelchairs. 解析：选D。根据第一段 “The fashionable sisters took the world by storm with their personalized wheelchair decorations.” 以及后文关于她们为轮椅装饰的相关内容可知，是她们装饰的轮椅帮助姐妹俩赢得了欧盟女性创新者奖。故选 D。 13．What inspired Ailbhe to choose her final year project? A．Her duty to be an elder sister. B．Her desire to show a real Izzy. C．Her pity for Izzy's disability. D．Her admiration for great women. 解析：选B。推理判断题。第二段说Ailbhe 选择的最后一年的项目就是装扮轮椅的轮子。因为她认为轮椅本身并不能展现伊兹对生活的态度，也体现不出她充满活力的个性。可推断出启发Ailbhe选择她最后一年的项目的是她想要通过装饰轮椅来展示真正的Izzy。故选B。 14．Why did Ailbhe and Izzy choose to work with Disney? A．To earn money. B．To make movies. C．To help disabled kids. D．To become designers. 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第三段的 “Besides, Disney was willing to donate 10% of profits to a charity that helps disabled children.In addition, the company promised to realize the dreams of children with disabilities.” 可知，姐妹俩选择与迪士尼合作是因为迪士尼愿意帮助残疾儿童。故选C。 15．What can we learn from Ailbhe and Izzy? A．Nothing can prevent a determined heart. B．Creativity makes the disabled stand out. C．Every advantage has its disadvantage. D．Technology brings people together. 解析：选A。推理判断题。Izzy 身有残疾但充满勇气和活力，Ailbhe 为了改变轮椅不能展现 Izzy 个性的状况，通过努力完成毕业设计并将其发展成事业，尽管面临诸多困难但依然坚持。这表明没有什么能阻挡一颗坚定的心。故选A。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 (2025·江苏南通高二上期中)Many of us have a dream that we would love to achieve.Having dreams is fine, but achieving them is another thing.It covers a lot of elements, like determination, motivation, single­mindedness, courage, commitment and so on.16( ) Staying motivated can be hard, especially if you think you are being frustrated frequently. How do we get motivated to realize our dreams? The first thing that can't be ignored is to figure out our dreams.Actually, our dream is usually a bit vague.17( ) The next step is to turn it into a series of goals.A long­term goal will be the ultimate dream—let's say, setting up a new business.Short­term and medium­term goals will be the stages on the road to the final goal. If you have set goals step by step, it's time to keep yourself motivated.Above all, being positive is of great i$