Unit 2 Onwards and upwards Using language 语法学案-2025-2026学年高中英语外研版选择性必修第一册

该高中英语学案聚焦动名词与不定式作宾语这一核心语法点，系统梳理只接不定式、只接动名词、两者皆可（含意义区别）三种情况，通过分类列举动词、对比用法构建知识支架，帮助学生从非谓语动词整体认知过渡到宾语功能的具体运用。 该学案特色在于动词分类清晰、用法对比直观，配套练习涵盖基础应用与高考真题，助力学生精准掌握语法规则。通过辨析意义差异动词培养思维品质，结合语境化练习提升语言运用能力，答案详解便于自主学习，有效发展学习策略，提升课堂效率。

选择性必修1. Unit 2. grammar -ing and to-infinitive as object（动名词与不定式作宾语） 一．动词后接非谓语动词做宾语的情况分为三种： 1. 一般用不定式做宾语的词有： decide, learn, want, expect, hope, manage, offer, choose, promise, refuse, afford, agree pretend, plan, 2. 一般用动名词做宾语的词有： consider, suggest, admit, avoid, delay, miss, practise, enjoy, mind, finish, imagine, risk, fancy, appreciate… 3. 接动名词和不定式皆可： begin to do/begin doing start to do/start doing continue to do/continue doing learn to do/learn doing （一）-ing as object 1. -ing form 是由动词变化而来，它一方面保留着动词的某些特征，具有动词的某些变化形式，用以 ( 用法一： 后只接-ing form的动词 admit/acknowledge承认 suggest/advise/recommend建议 advocate倡议 allow允许 appreciate欣赏 avoid避免 consider考虑 delay推迟 deny否认 enjoy喜欢 escape逃避 risk冒着风险 finish完成 forgive原谅 imagine想象 involve涉及 excuse/pardon原谅 keep一直 mean意味着 mind介意 miss错过 postpone推迟 practice练习 prevent阻止 fancy想象 recall回忆 resist抵制 ) 表达名词所不能表达的较为复杂的意念，另一方面它在句子里的用法及功能与名词类同：在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语。 ( 用法二：在介词后作宾语，如： On leaving school , he went into business. Shall we have a rest or get down to doing our work?（get down to中的to是介词） 用法三：在形容词后作宾语，如： The music is well worth listening to more than once. We are busy preparing for the coming sports meet. ) 注意2：-ing form的否定形式在前面之间加not, 即not -ing form。 Eg. I suggested not going out at night. 注意3：动词一ing的复合结构作宾语 (1)形容词性物主代词+动词一ing (2)人称代词宾格+动词一ing (3)名词所有格+动词—ing (4)名词+动词一ing Eg. Would you mind my / me using your cellphone? 你介意我用你的手机吗? （二）to-infinitive as object 1. to do 动词不定式是指动词中的一种不带词形变化从而不指示人称、数量、时态的一种非谓语动词形式，表示的意义多为“打算”“计划”“希望”“将要做某事”等表示未来的或未做的事 2. 用法： ( 用法一：后只接 to do的 动词 struggle努力 refuse拒绝 plan计划 prepare准备 offer主动提出 ask/demand要求 attempt 试图 aim力求做到 claim声称 swear发誓 decide/choose决定 determine/resolve决心 afford付得起 expect期待 fail未能够 hesitate犹豫 manage设法(做成) volunteer自愿做 tend往往会 pretend假装 intend打算 appear/seem似乎、好像 threaten威胁 promise答应 agree同意 arrange安 排 prove证明 want想要 hope/wish希望 learn学会 neglect疏忽 ) ( 用法二：动词+ 疑问词 +不定式， 疑问词常为what，how, which, who...如： Please show us how to do that. There are so many books on sale that I can't decide which to buy . ) ( 用法三： 动词 +it+n./adj.+不定式， 此类动词常为make, think, find, feel, consider,如： I feel it my duty to help others. They found it important to fix a date(定日期) for the outing. ) 注意1：动词不定式的否定形式在前面之间加not, 即not to do。 Eg. I decided not to go out today. ( 注：1. permit批准+doing sth. permit sb. to do sth. (be pemitted to do...) 2. “ 建议 ” ：suggest/advise/recommend +doing sth. advise/recommend +sb. to do sth. suggest /advise/recommend (+that从句) sb. (should) do sth. )注意2： ( 注意：有些动介词搭配中的介词为to, 常常会被误以为是to infinitive, 常见的带介词to的动介词结构为 ： be used to 习惯 be related to 与 …… 有关 get down to 着手做 adapt to 适应 put one ’ s mind to   全神贯注于 give rise to 引起 be equal to 胜任 ；等同于 devote oneself to 献身于 lead to 导致 be opposed to 反对 look forward to 盼望 object to 反对 stick to   坚持 pay attention to 注意 look up to 钦佩，羡慕 make contributions to 做出贡献 adjust to 调整 attend to 照看 refer to 指代 see to 确保 ) 三.to do & -ing as object 1. 在start，begin，love，like，prefer，hate，intend这些动词后面既可以接-ing form也 可以接to infinitive, 意义没有区别。 2）意义区别较大： doing to do remember forget regret stop go on try mean dread can’t help （3）接v.-ing主动表被动： need/want/require doing需要被做 deserve/be worth doing 值得被做 deserve/need/want doing =deserve/need/want to be done 译：这件衬衣该洗(wash)了。 The shirt needs/wants/requires washing. =…needs/wants to be washed. 译：你提出的建议值得考虑（consider）。 The suggestions you have put forward deserve consideration. = … deserve/ are worth considering. =… deserve to be considered. 练一练 一．用括号内词的适当形式填空 1. They went on ___________(walk) and never stopped __________(talk). 2. I feel it my duty ______________ (help) others. 3. Mark often attempts to escape ___________(fine)being fined whenever he breaks traffic regulations. 4. He got well prepared for the job interview, for he couldn't risk _______（lose) the good opportunity. 5. —Robert is indeed a wise man . —Oh, yes. How I have regret ___________(not take) his advice ! 6. Shortly after ___________(suffer) from a massive earthquake and___________ (reduce) to ruins, the city took on a new book. 7.When Peter speaks in public, he always has trouble___________(think) of the right things to say. 8. While shopping, people sometimes can't help ________________ (persuade) into buying something they don't really need. 9. I'm looking forward to _________ (see) you this summer vacation. 10. I had great difficulty ______________________ (find) the suitable desk in that restaurant because there were so many people. 11. —Mr and Mrs White bought a tent just now. —Oh，they are considering_________ (go)camping this weekend. 12. I can’t imagine Tom _______ (do) the work alone. 13. The examiner gave the students some time___________(think). 14. I am looking forward to ___________ (see) the film again. 15. I intend ___________ (study) English to understand American business methods. 16. She still plans _________ (marry) him even after he refused _________ (buy) her an engagement ring. 17. I can not resist ___________(eat) fish and chips when I am in England. 18. She enjoys ___________(go) to parties and ___________ (dance) in the discos all the night long. 19. Don't forget ________(turn) off the heating before _________(leave) the house. 20. I stopped ___________(live) in London when I realized it was time for me ___________ (move). 21. China recently tightened its water controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from ___________ (attack) in the South China Sea. 【福建卷】 22. No matter where he is, he makes it a rule _________ (go) for a walk before breakfast. 【陕西卷】 23. We’ve had a good start, but next, more work needs ___________ (do) to achieve the final success. 24. I hear they’ve promoted Tom, but he didn’t mention _________ (promote) when we talked on the phone. 25. We do not permit ________ (take) photos in the museum. 26. Visitors are not permitted ________ (take) photographs. 27. I'd advise ________ (buy) your tickets well in advance(提前) if you want to travel in August. 28. I'd advise you ________ (buy) your tickets well in advance if you want to travel in August. 29. With WeChat becoming more and more popular in China,we seem______________________ (lose) the art of communicating face to face now. 30. People enjoy__________________ (work) with him because he has a good sense of humour. 31. I feel like __________________(stay) at home on weekends while my sister would like to go shopping. 32. After he finished___________(do) maths homework, he went on ___________(write) a composition. 33. I can't stand__________________ (work) with Jane in the same office. She just refuses________________(stop) talking while she works. 34. After several frustrating hours of unsuccessful attempts to fix it, my husband suggested______________(watch) the Michael Jordan documentary(纪录片）series The Last Dance. 35. Mary failed _____________________(win) the 100-metre race, which made her quite upset. 练一练 答案： 1.walking ,talking 2. to help 3.being fined 4. losing 5. not taking 6. suffering, being reduced 7. thinking. 8. being persuaded 9. seeing 10.finding 11.going 12.doing 13.to think 14.seeing 15.to study 16.to marry 17.eating 18.going,dancing 19.to turn, leaving 20. living ,to move 21. being attacked 22.to go 23.doing/to be done 24.having been promoted 25. taking 26.to take 27.buying 28.to buy 29.to be losing 30.working 31.staying 32.doing, to write 33. working, to stop 34.watching 35.to win 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $