UNIT 4 BODY LANGUAGE-【正禾一本通】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修1同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（人教版）

本讲义聚焦肢体语言的跨文化差异及非语言沟通技巧，系统梳理从基本概念（如Xiaohe调解冲突案例）、文化对比（如“OK”手势在不同国家的含义）到动词-ing形式作宾语和表语的语法知识，通过匹配主旨、细节阅读、词汇辨析等学习支架构建知识体系。 资料以真实情境案例（如跨文化手势误解）和任务型活动（小组讨论、语法即学即练）为特色，通过分析不同文化肢体语言差异培养文化意识，结合语境练习提升语言能力，课中助力互动教学，课后分层练习帮助学生巩固语法和词汇，弥补知识盲点。

Xiaohe knew that appropriate body language could bridge gaps in communication.One day, she witnessed an incident where a misunderstanding led to a conflict between two friends.To help, Xiaohe used gentle gestures, like a slight bow and a lowered head, to show respect and calm the situation.She avoided staring, as it might create a barrier, and instead maintained a soft tone to clarify the issue.When one friend began to weep, Xiaohe bent forward slightly, offering comfort without bothering them.Her thoughtful actions seemed to favour a peaceful resolution, as both friends gradually softened.Ultimately, Xiaohe's use of body language not only resolved the conflict but also deepened their bond.She realized how powerful non­verbal cues could be in fostering understanding and harmony. Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking Step One　Lead­in When and how do you use body language to convey meanings? In daily talks, speeches, business meetings, etc.，we can use eye contact, expressions, and postures to convey meanings. Step Two　Read for the main idea 1．Match the main idea with each part. Part 1 (Para.1) A.The same gesture may have different meanings in different countries. Part 2 (Para.2) B.Smiling has many different uses. Part 3 (Paras.3－4) C.Body language varies from culture to culture. Part 4 (Para.5) D.Both words and body language are of importance in interactions with others. Part 5 (Para.6) E.Some gestures seem to have the same meaning everywhere. 答案：Parts 1～5　DCAEB 2．What does the passage mainly tell us? The passage mainly tells us about the differences and similarities of body language in different cultures and the uses of some body language. Step Three　Read for details Ⅰ.Read Para.1 carefully and answer the following question． What's the function of Paragraph 1 in this text? To introduce the topic of the text. Ⅱ.Read Paras.2－4 carefully and do the following exercises． 1．Why is it important to use body language appropriately according to the passage? Because body language varies from culture to culture, and appropriate use helps avoid misunderstandings. 2．What might people in France think the “OK” gesture means? They might think it means zero. 3．In which countries do the “yes” and “no” gestures have the opposite meaning? In Bulgaria and southern Albania. Ⅲ.Read Para.5 carefully and answer the following question． What does the gesture of placing hands together, resting them on the side of the head and closing eyes mean? It means “sleep”． Ⅳ.Read Para.6 carefully and answer the following question. According to experts, what can smiling at yourself in the mirror do? It can make yourself feel happier and stronger. Step Four　Consolidation Discuss the following questions with your partners and present your answer to the class. 1．What is body language and why is it important in communication? 2．How can body language vary across different cultures? 3．How can understanding body language improve our relationships with others? Your presentation： Body language refers to non­verbal signals used in communication, such as gestures, facial expressions, and postures.It is crucial because it often conveys emotions and intentions more effectively than words.By understanding body language, we can enhance our interactions, avoid misunderstandings, and build stronger connections with people from diverse backgrounds. ◎ LISTENING TO HOW BODIES TALK We use both words and① body language to express our thoughts and opinions in our interactions② with other people.We can learn a lot about③ what people are thinking by watching their body language.Words are important, but [1]the way people stand, hold their arms, and move their hands can also give us information about their feelings. [1]the way后跟定语从句， 省略了关系词that或in which。 Just like④ spoken language, body language varies from culture to⑤ culture.The crucial⑥ thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate⑦ to the culture you are in.For example, making eye contact—looking into someone's eyes⑧—in some countries is a way to display interest.In other countries, by contrast⑨， eye contact is not always approved of⑩.For example, in many Middle Eastern countries, men and women are not socially⑪ permitted to make eye contact.[2]In Japan, it may demonstrate⑫ respect to look down when talking to an older person. [2]句中when talking to an older person为省略句， 其完整形式为when one is talking to an older person。 The gesture⑬ for “OK” has different meanings in different cultures.In Japan, someone who witnesses⑭ another person employing⑮ the gesture might think it means money.In France, a person encountering an identical⑯ gesture may interpret⑰ it as meaning zero.[3]However, you should avoid making⑱ this gesture in Brazil and Germany, as it is not considered polite. [3]句中as为连词， 引导原因状语从句。 Even the gestures we use for “yes” and “no” differ⑲ around the world.In many countries, shaking one's head means “no”， and nodding means “yes”．By comparison⑳， in Bulgaria and southern Albania, the gestures have the opposite㉑ meaning.There are also differences in how we touch each other, how close we stand to someone we are talking to, and how we act when we meet or part㉒.In countries like France and Russia, people may kiss their friends on the cheek㉓ when they meet.Elsewhere, people favour㉔ shaking hands, bowing㉕ from the waist㉖, or nodding the head when they meet someone else. Some gestures seem to㉗ have the same meaning everywhere.[4]Placing your hands together and resting㉘ them on the side of your head while㉙ closing your eyes means “sleep”. A good way of saying “I am full” is moving your hand in circles over your stomach after a meal. [4]此处为两个并列的动名词短语作为一个完整的动作作主语， 因此谓语动词用第三人称单数；其中while引导时间状语从句，在句中为省略形式。 Some body language has many different uses.Perhaps the best example is smiling.A smile can help us get through㉚ difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.A smile can break down㉛ barriers㉜.We can use a smile to apologise, to greet someone, to ask for help㉝, or to start a conversation.Experts suggest㉞ smiling at㉟ yourself in the mirror to make yourself feel happier and stronger.And if we are feeling down㊱ or lonely, there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend. ◎ ①both...and...两者都…… ②interaction n．交流；相互影响 ③learn about 了解； 学到 ④just like 正像，就像 ⑤vary vi.(根据情况)变化；改变 vary from...to...从……到……的变化 ⑥crucial adj.关键的，至关重要的 ⑦appropriate adj.合适的；恰当的 ⑧look into someone's eyes 直视某人的眼睛 ⑨by contrast 相比之下 ⑩approve vi.赞成；同意 vt.批准；通过 approve of 赞成； 认可 ⑪socially adv.社会上；交际上 ⑫demonstrate vt.表现；表达；说明；证明 ⑬gesture n．手势；姿势；姿态 ⑭witness vt.当场看到；目击；见证 n．目击者；证人 ⑮employ vt.使用；应用；雇用 ⑯identical adj.相同的 ⑰interpret vt.把……理解(解释)为 vi.& vt.口译 ⑱avoid doing 避免做…… ⑲differ vi.相异；不同于 ⑳by comparison (与……)相比较 ㉑opposite adj.相反的；相对的 ㉒part vi.离开； 分别 ㉓cheek n．面颊；脸颊 ㉔favour vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n．帮助；恩惠；赞同 ㉕bow vi.鞠躬；点头vt.低(头) n．弓；蝴蝶结 ㉖waist n．腰；腰部 ㉗seem to 似乎 ㉘rest vt.使……倚靠 ㉙while conj.与……同时； 在……期间 ㉚get through 度过； 克服 ㉛break down 消除；分解；打破 ㉜barrier n．隔阂；障碍 ㉝ask for help 寻求帮助 ㉞suggest doing 建议做…… ㉟smile at 对……微笑 ㊱down adj.情绪低落的； 沮丧的 ◎ 听听肢体是怎么说话的 在与他人的交往中， 我们用话语和肢体语言来表达自己的思想和观点。通过观察人们的肢体语言， 我们可以洞察他们的想法。话语十分重要， 但是人们站立、双手抱臂和移动双手的姿势， 也能为我们提供有关他们情感的信息。 不同的文化有着不同的肢体语言， 这与口头语言相似。使用肢体语言时， 最重要的是要符合你所处的文化。例如， 在一些国家， 眼神交流(即直视某人的眼睛)是展现兴趣的一种方式。相反， 在另一些国家， 眼神交流并不总是被认可。例如， 在许多中东国家， 社交上不允许男性和女性进行眼神交流。在日本， 与年长者交谈时， 目光下垂表示敬重。 “OK”这个手势在不同的文化中有着不同的含义。在日本， 一个人看到另外一个人使用这一手势， 可能会认为这表示金钱。在法国， 看到同样手势的人可能会将其解读为“零”。然而， 在巴西和德国， 你应该避免做出这一手势， 因为这是一个被视为不礼貌的手势。 即便是用于表示“肯定”和“否定”的肢体语言在世界各地也不尽相同。在许多国家， 摇头表示“否定”， 点头表示“肯定”。相比之下， 在保加利亚和阿尔巴尼亚南部地区，这两个动作的含义截然相反。在身体接触方式、站着交谈时双方的距离、见面和告别的动作方面， 也有很多差异。在法国、俄罗斯等国， 朋友见面时会相互亲吻脸颊。在其他地区， 与别人见面时， 人们更喜欢握手、 鞠躬或点头。 有些手势似乎在任何地方含义都相同。双手合十放在头部的一侧，同时闭上你的眼睛， 意为“睡觉”。表示“我吃饱了”的一个好方式， 就是在饭后用手在肚子上画圈。 某些肢体语言有着许多不同的用处。也许最佳的例子就是微笑了。微笑可以帮助我们摆脱困境， 在陌生的世界里找到朋友。微笑可以打破隔阂。我们可以用微笑来道歉、问候他人、寻求帮助或主动攀谈。专家建议， 我们应该对着镜子微笑， 让自己感到更加快乐、更加强大。当我们感到沮丧或孤单时， 最美好的事情莫过于看到好友的笑脸。 vary vi.(根据情况)变化；改变(联想：various adj.各种各样的；多姿多彩的 varied adj.各种各样的；多变的 variety n．不同种类；多样化) 【教材原句】　Just like spoken language, body language varies from culture to culture.不同的文化有着不同的肢体语言， 这与口头语言相似。 【用法归纳】 (1)vary from...to... 在……到……之间变化；从……到……不等 vary in sth 在某方面不同 vary with... 随……而变化 (2)a variety of＝varieties of＝various 多种多样的 【佳句必背】　If you travel to Beijing，I will arrange a variety of/varieties of/various activities，which vary from climbing the Great Wall to visiting the Summer Palace.(应用文之建议信) 如果你来北京旅游，我将安排各种各样的活动，从爬长城到参观颐和园不等。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)The reasons relate to a variety (vary) of factors. ②(2024·北京卷)The relative ranking of the virtues may vary with a social group's history and environment. ③The students' work varies considerably in quality. ④They discussed various (vary) matters all over the world. 【写成佳句】　完成句子/句型转换 ⑤我有许多爱好，从打篮球到弹钢琴不等。 I have a number of hobbies，which vary from playing basketball to playing the piano． ⑥The shop offered various goods and attracted many visitors. →The shop offered a variety of/varieties of goods and attracted many visitors. approve vi.赞成；同意 vt.批准；通过(联想：approval n．赞成；同意；批准 approving adj.赞许的；许可的 approvingly adv.赞许地；同意地) 【教材原句】　In other countries, by contrast, eye contact is not always approved of. 相反，在另一些国家，眼神交流并不总是被认可。 【用法归纳】 (1)approve sth 批准/通过某事 approve of (sb/one's) doing sth 赞同/同意(某人)做某事 (2)give one's approval to... 同意/批准…… 【佳句必背】　①We would be grateful if you could approve our proposal.(应用文之申请信) 如果您能批准我们的提议，我们将不胜感激。 ②I waited and waited but only a few raised hands to show their approval.(读后续写之动作细节描写) 我等了又等，但只有少数人举手表示赞同。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①After a heated discussion，the teacher finally approved of us making a video to record our experiences at school. ②After a heated discussion，the teacher finally gave his approval (approve) to us for making a video to record our experiences at school. ③(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Her parents approved of her earning (earn) money in her spare time, warning her not to neglect her studies. 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④(读后续写之动作描写)我父亲赞许地点了点头，同意了我再次去农场的决定。 My father nodded approvingly and gave his approval to my decision to go to the farm again. witness vt.当场看到；目击；见证 n．目击者；证人 【教材原句】　In Japan, someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money. 在日本， 一个人看到另外一个人使用这一手势， 可能会认为这表示金钱。 【用法归纳】 (1)witness sth/that... 目击…… witness to (doing) sth 证明……是真实的 时间/地点名词＋witness ＋sth 某时/某地见证某事 (2)a witness of/to sth ……的目击者/见证人 【佳句必背】　(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Last Friday witnessed our going into the park.(应用文之活动介绍) 上周五，我们去了公园。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①His improved health is a witness to the success of the treatment. ②We have witnessed (witness) the most important change in our lifestyles in the past 10 years. ③The worker witnessed to having seen (see) the accused near the crime scene. 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④在过去的几年里，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化，这让我非常惊讶。 The past few years have witnessed great changes in my hometown, which makes me extremely surprised. employ vt.使用；应用；雇用；利用(时间、精力等)(联想：employment n．雇用 employer n．雇用者； 雇主 employee n．雇员； 雇工) 【教材原句】　In Japan, someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money. 在日本， 一个人看到另外一个人使用这一手势， 可能会认为这表示金钱。 【用法归纳】 employ sth to do sth 利用某物做某事 employ sb to do sth 雇用某人做某事 employ sb as... 雇用某人作为…… be employed in＝employ oneself in 忙于 注意：表示“忙于”短语还有be busy with，be occupied with，be engaged in 等。 【佳句必背】　If I am lucky enough to be employed, I'll spare no effort to repay you for your trust.(应用文之求职信) 如果我有幸被录用， 我将不遗余力地回报您的信任。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①Many people were employed to deal (deal) with the work. ②Many local people are employed as guides in the tourism industry. 【写成佳句】　一句多译 ③由于每天忙于在线学习，我不能抽出时间与老师和同学们面对面地交流。 →Employed in online learning every day，I can't spare some time to interact with my teachers and classmates face to face.(过去分词作状语) →Employing myself in online learning every day，I can't spare some time to interact with my teachers and classmates face to face.(现在分词作状语) differ vi.相异；不同于[联想：different adj.不同的 difference n．不同(之处)] 【教材原句】　Even the gestures we use for “yes” and “no” differ around the world. 即便是用于表示“肯定”和“否定”的肢体语言在世界各地也不尽相同。 【用法归纳】 (1)differ in 在……方面不同 differ from 与……不同 (2)be different from...(in...) 与……(在……方面)不同 (3)make a difference 有影响；很重要 【佳句必背】　In our daily life，he teaches us how to tell the difference between right and wrong.(读后续写之人物描写) 在日常生活中，他教导我们如何辨别是非。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①He differs from his twin brother in character. ②Different (difference) from traditional fables, Carson's story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. 【写成佳句】　完成句子/同义句转换 ③(读后续写之动作描写)无论何时我都会帮忙清理路边的垃圾，我希望(我的行为)能起到作用。 I will help clean up the roadside litter whenever possible, hoping to make a difference． ④What I will choose differs from what you have suggested. →What I will choose is different from what you have suggested.(different) favour vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n．帮助；恩惠；赞同(联想：favourite adj.最喜欢的 n．特别喜爱的人或事物 favourable adj.给人好印象的；赞许的；有利的 favourably adv.赞许地；有利地) 【教材原句】　Elsewhere, people favour shaking hands, bowing from the waist, or nodding the head when they meet someone else.在其他地区， 与别人见面时， 人们更喜欢握手、 鞠躬或点头。 【用法归纳】 (1)favour sth/doing sth 较喜欢某物/做某事 (2)do sb a favour＝do a favour for sb 帮某人忙 in favour (of sb/sth) 赞同； 支持 in sb's favour 有利于某人 【佳句必背】　 I'm writing this letter，hoping that you can do me a favour/do a favour for me with my coming interview.With the help of you，the whole situation will be in my favour.(应用文之求助信) 我写这封信是希望您能够在即将到来的面试中帮到我。在您的帮助下，整个形势会对我有利。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)I liked traveling in France, but when it came to picking my favourite (favour) spot to settle, Italy was the clear winner. ②We would view favourably (favourable) any sensible suggestion for maintaining the business. 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ③(读后续写之主旨升华)毫无疑问，成功和机遇往往青睐那些有准备的人。 There is no doubt that success and opportunities tend to favour those who are ready． ④(读后续写之情绪描写)当听到他们大多数人不赞成他的意见时，他勃然大怒。 He boiled with anger when hearing that most of them weren't in favour of his opinion． reliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的(联想：rely v．信任；信赖；依赖；依靠 reliably adv.可靠地) 【教材原句】　Which is a more reliable guide for understanding someone's feelings，their body language or the words they speak? 要了解一个人的情绪，哪一种渠道更可靠，他们的肢体语言还是他们说的话？ 【用法归纳】 rely on/upon 依靠；依赖 rely on sb to do sth 指望某人做某事 rely on it that... 相信/指望…… 【佳句必背】　He is an extremely reliable person, so you can always turn to him for help without hesitation.(读后续写之人物描写) 他是个非常可靠的人，所以你任何时候都能毫不犹豫向他求助。 【练透考点】　 单句语法填空 ①You can rely on him to help (help) you when you are in trouble. ②You can rely on it that the talks between the two countries will not break down. ③We are looking for someone who is reliable (rely) and hard­working. 【写成佳句】　一句多译 ④你可以相信当你有困难时我会帮助你。 →You can rely on me to help you when you are in trouble.(rely on sb to do sth) →You can rely on it that I will help you when you are in trouble.(rely on it that...) →You can rely on my helping you when you are in trouble.(rely on one's doing) break down 消除；分解；打破；(机器、车辆)出故障；垮掉；(计划、会谈)失败；感情失控(痛哭起来) 【教材原句】　A smile can break down barriers. 微笑可以打破隔阂。 【用法归纳】 break up 打碎；拆散；结束；分裂；解散 break in 强行进入；打断 break into 强行闯入；突然开始；顺利进入 break out 突然开始；爆发 break through 取得突破；取得新的重大发现 break away (from sb/sth) 逃脱；脱离；背叛 【佳句必背】　Tears welling up, I could hardly contain myself and broke down.(读后续写之心理描写) 眼泪夺眶而出，我几乎控制不住自己，突然痛哭起来。 【练透考点】　写出句中加黑部分的汉语意思 ①Talks with business leaders broke down last night.(计划、会谈)失败 ②When we told her the bad news, she broke down and cried.感情失控(痛哭起来) ③It takes hundreds of years for plastic to break down, but much less time for paper.分解 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④(读后续写之环境描写)在前往偏远村庄的路上，他们的车抛锚了，把他们困在了荒郊野外。 On the way to the isolated village, their car broke down, leaving them trapped in the middle of nowhere. 否定词与比较级连用表示最高级含义 【教材原句】　And if we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend. 当我们感到沮丧或孤单时，最美好的事情莫过于看到好友的笑脸。 【用法归纳】 本句中否定词nothing与比较级better连用，表示最高级含义。表示最高级含义的几种特殊结构： (1)“否定词＋比较级”意为“没有比……更……；没有像……一样……”，常用的否定词有no、 not、 never、 nothing、 nobody、 hardly等。 (2)“can/could＋never/not...enough/too...”意为“再……也不过分”。 【佳句必背】　The rice fields around me look like a golden sea.I have never seen more beautiful scenery than it！(读后续写之环境描写) 周围的稻田像一片金色的海洋，我从来没看见过比这更漂亮的景象！ 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①I decided to go with them, mainly because I had nothing better (good) to do. ②There is no greater (great) love than that of a man who lays down his life for his friends. ③For scientists and dinosaur fans, there has never been a more exciting (exciting) time. 【写成佳句】　完成句子/一句多译 ④(读后续写之心理描写)再也没有比因为别人未能遵守诺言而让你失望更糟的事了。 There is nothing worse than to be let down by others because they have not kept their promises. ⑤地铁是最好的公共交通工具。 →The subway is the best means of public transportation. →No other means of public transportation is better than the subway. employ A.v.使用，利用 B. v.雇用 C. v.忙于 ①When did the company start to employ new people？ B ②Every day I employ myself in doing homework. C ③(全国卷Ⅰ)The likables' plays­well­with­others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump­start interpersonal skills and，when tapped early，are employed ever after in life and work. A [课后分层练10] (时间：45分钟　满分：77.5分) Ⅰ.单词拼写(每小题1分，共10分) 1．If I hadn't been faced with so many barriers (障碍), I wouldn't be where I am. 2．In the recent years, Chinese people have witnessed (见证) the rapid improvement in the new technology. 3．Please remember to offer the favour (帮助) actively when he or she needs your help. 4．The man was filled with anger (愤怒) when he found he had been cheated. 5．He bows (鞠躬) to the nurse and the nurse returns the compliment every time they meet. 6．By comparison (比较) with last year, the price of the house has slightly increased. 7．You can turn to your parents or teachers, who will help you choose the appropriate (合适的) strategies to cope with your stress effectively. 8．By contrast，American English differs (不同于) from British English in many small ways. 9．As the train was pulling out, the boy waved his hands at his parents, with tears rolling down both his cheeks (脸颊). 10．John is a reliable (可靠的) employee who always finishes his work on time and with high quality. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) 1．(2024·全国甲卷)For instance，almost all animals have distinct vocals (声音) that they rely on to either ask for help, scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter. 2．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Though they are useful for detecting shifts in the number and variety (vary) of species in an area, a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect. 3．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Volunteers under the age of 18 must have the parent/guardian approval (approve) section signed. 4．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)BMF employees (employee) live out sustainability in their everyday lives. 5．Recent cloudy and rainy days helped lower water temperatures slightly (slight). 6．What an interesting novel！I have never read a more moving (moving) story. 7．There are two witnesses (witness) who happened to be on the spot when the accident happened. 8．Ocean color varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton. 9．The school bus broke down and had to be towed to the nearest garage. 10．Eye­witness accounts of the fighting are different (differ) markedly from police reports of what happened. Ⅲ.完成句子(每小题2分，共10分) 1．主人有可能不喜欢你在餐桌旁就餐的方式。 The host may not like the way that/in which you have dinner at the table. 2．认识到你自己的优缺点是自我提高的第一步。 Recognizing your own advantages and disadvantages is the first step to improve yourself. 3．我想知道你是否能帮我一个忙，指导我们修改一部短剧。 I was wondering if you could do me a favour by guiding us to revise a short play. 4．我几乎崩溃了，因为我不知道如何适应高中的新环境。 I have almost broken down，as I don't know how to adjust to the new surroundings in senior high school. 5．我们的英语口语俱乐部经常组织各种各样的有意义的活动，鼓励我们开口讲英语，同时也能获得乐趣。 Our Spoken English Club regularly organizes a variety of/varieties of/various meaningful activities，encouraging us to speak English as well as get pleasure. Ⅳ.课文语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) We can learn a lot about 1 what people are thinking by watching their body language.Body language varies from culture to culture.The crucial thing is 2 using (use) body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in.For example，making eye contact is a way 3 to display (display) interest in some countries while in other countries，eye contact is not always approved of.4 The gesture for“OK”has different meanings in different cultures.In Japan，someone who witnesses another person 5 employing (employ) the gesture might think it means money.However，you should avoid 6 making (make) this gesture in Brazil and Germany，as it is not considered polite.Even the gestures we use 7 for “yes” and “no” differ around the world.In many countries, shaking one's head means “no” and nodding means “yes”．By 8 comparison (compare), in Bulgaria and southern Albania, the gestures have the opposite meaning.Some gestures seem 9 to have (have) the same meaning everywhere.Some body language has many different uses.Perhaps the best example is smiling.If we are feeling down or lonely，there is nothing 10 better (good) than seeing the smiling face of a good friend. Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共17.5分) A Believe it or not, you could be creating a bad impression on others, whether at your job or in your personal life, with what you don't say, even if you are saying and doing the right things.That's because many of our reactions to others are based on body language.If your body language is communicating a negative message, that's the message others could be getting, regardless of what actual words come out of your mouth. What are some of the negative messages sent via body language? Things like having your arms folded across the chest can show hostility (敌意).Lack of eye contact can indicate shiftiness (奸诈).An unsmiling face could communicate a variety of things, like anger, disappointment or sadness, depending upon what other facial expressions are included at the same time.Want to know what body language communicates? An interesting approach is to watch a TV show or a movie with the sound off, and see how much you can figure out of the plot, or at least you can get a sense of what is going on. However, many of the clues that indicate negativity could also be the result of nervousness or other issues.For example, somebody who doesn't make eye contact could simply be nervous.The same is true of a not­so­firm handshake.Someone folding his arms could simply be more comfortable with the arms that way.Someone who doesn't smile could be self­conscious about his teeth.The person who sends off bad body gestures may not even realize that they're doing it. Unfortunately, some people who do recognize what body language communicates are scam (欺诈) artists.They may have the firmest handshake you've ever had, the shiniest smile you've ever seen and make the greatest eye contact so that you find their sincerity so convincing and their schemes so irresistible.They can achieve what they desire because they know how much this nonverbal communication matters in communicating a sense of trustworthiness.People fall for them, because their body language seems so truthful. If you're not sure what your body language is communicating, better ask a trusted friend for help.You can also concentrate on standing up straight and sitting up straight, if posture (姿势) is a problem.What's more, practicing in front of a mirror can also help you get rid of some bad habits.Also, remember to smile and nod if needed.And try to learn how to relax.Pay more attention to these details in your daily communications, and you will send more positive messages with your body language. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了肢体语言在日常交流中的重要性及其影响。 1．We can learn from Paragraph 4 that ． A．a person with great eye contact will be seen a scam artist B．people can make use of body language for wrong purposes C．one should not put trust in a person with a shiny smile D．you will be regarded as a scam artist if you shake hands firmly 解析：选B。推理判断题。由文章第四段可推知，人们可能会利用肢体语言来达到不正当的目的。故选B。 2．The underlined phrase “fall for” is closest in meaning to “ ”． A．be taken in B．be given up C．be used to D．be fully dropped 解析：选A。词句猜测题。由画线词组上文“Unfortunately, some people who do recognize what body language communicates are scam (欺诈) artists.”以及下文“because their body language seems so truthful”可知，因为他们的肢体语言看起来很真实，所以人们会上当受骗，由此可知，画线词组fall for意思是“上当受骗”，与选项A“be taken in (受骗，上当受骗)”意思一致。故选A。 3．Which is the best title for this passage? A．The Secret of Body Language B．Body Language and Messages C．Is Body Language Serving You Well? D．What Can Body Language Convey? 解析：选C。标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段可知，本文主要讲的是肢体语言在传达信息方面的重要性，并讨论了如何正确使用肢体语言来传达积极的信息。由此可知，C选项“Is Body Language Serving You Well? (肢体语言对你有好处吗？)”适合作本文最佳标题。故选C。 B You may regard a wave as a common gesture, but what happens when you wave to your European friend across the street and she turns to walk the other way? It isn't because your friend is tired of your company.While most Americans interpret a wave as a friendly greeting or goodbye, the same movement is just as likely to express no in parts of Europe and Latin America.The same dissonance is true of other signals: showing the number two by holding up two fingers with the palm facing inward is inoffensive in most of the world, but it's a rude gesture in the United Kingdom and Australia. The most common understanding of the subject relates body language to spoken language.Gestures with specific meanings, while informally called “body language”， belong to the field of kinesics (人体动作学), an area of study that distinguishes these movements from instinctive actions, such as smiling when happy.Developed by Ray Birdwhistell in the 1950s, kinesics uses the building blocks of linguistics to understand how gestures produce meaning.As the units of sound that form spoken words are called phonemes (音素), the units of movement that form kinesic gestures are called kinemes—and, as the same phoneme can communicate a different meaning across languages, the same kineme can also communicate different meanings in different cultures or contexts.For example, the thumbs­up kineme indicates praise in North America, but it means something extremely rude in Australia. There's one more mess in understanding nonverbal communication, though.Although body language isn't universal, the emotions behind it may be.In a study performed by American researcher Paul Ekman, participants from the West, insular African communities, and New Guinea were shown a collection of more than 10，000 images illustrating different facial expressions.When 90 percent of participants regardless of cultural background, identified the same emotions in the photos, Ekman concluded that there were at least seven universal facial expressions: anger, disgust, fear, surprise, happiness, sadness, and contempt. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述语言不是通用的，但其背后的情感却有互通之处。 4．What does the underlined word in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Comparison. B．Disharmony. C．Theory. D．Discomfort. 解析：选B。词义猜测题。根据第二段画线词下文“showing the number two by holding up two fingers with the palm facing inward is inoffensive in most of the world, but it's a rude gesture in the United Kingdom and Australia.”可知，下文在解释这一名词，即同一肢体语言，在不同的地方含义不相同，因此推断画线单词含义是“不一致，差异”。故选B。 5．What is the similarity between body and spoken language? A．They can be divided into the field of kinesics together. B．They are based on movements from instinctive actions. C．They convey different meanings with the same element. D．They can unite people in different countries and regions. 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第三段可知，肢体语言与口语的相似之处是，它们用同样的元素传达了不同的含义。故选C。 6．How did Paul Ekman reach his conclusion? A．By interviewing participants from diverse backgrounds. B．By asking participants to show many facial expressions. C．By observing how participants reacted to those images. D．By judging if participants recognized the same emotions. 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，Paul Ekman通过判断参与者是否能辨别相同的情绪得出结论。故选D。 7．What might be discussed in the following text? A．Other types of facial expressions. B．Applications of facial expressions. C．Drawbacks of Paul Ekman's study. D．Forms of nonverbal communication. 解析：选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段“When 90 percent of participants regardless of cultural background, identified the same emotions in the photos, Ekman concluded that there were at least seven universal facial expressions: anger, disgust, fear, surprise, happiness, sadness, and contempt.”可知，Paul Ekman发现，在不同的文化背景下，有些面部表情是通用的，因此可以推断接下来文章应该讲述这些通用的面部表情可以有哪些应用。故选B。 Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) At times we all wish that we knew what other people were thinking. 1 ， people's facial expressions, movements and posture (姿势) can communicate a lot about what is going on in their minds.Understanding these messages hidden in people's body language can require a lot of skill, but Joe Navarro's book What EVERY BODY is Saying can help 2 that ability. Small changes in body language can help you recognize if someone is 3 ．Even when people don't lie directly, they sometimes try to hide their feelings.Whether you are 4 with people in business or in your personal life, recognizing these feelings can help you look out for their interests and your own. According to Navarro, establishing a baseline for how a person behaves is important to avoid 5 their body language.Most facial expressions and gestures can mean several different things, so 6 when people use certain expressions.Recognizing this baseline can help you understand whether expressions and gestures indicate a(n) 7 to something you said or not.For example, rubbing one's eyes may be a sign of 8 with a topic.But if the person has been rubbing their eyes 9 ， they might just be tired. When people think of body language, facial expressions tend to come to mind, and these can tell you a lot.For example, if someone keeps looking away from you, they might be distracted or uncomfortable, and pressing one's lips together often indicates 10 ．And if someone keeps looking away or covering their mouth, it might mean they are 11 something. Some people have become good at controlling their facial expressions to conceal their 12 ．When dealing with someone like them, look at the rest of their body, especially their feet and legs.Many people bounce their feet when they are happy or excited. 13 ， if someone feels uncomfortable, they may point their feet away from the person they are speaking to. Proximity (接近，亲近) to other people is also part of body language.People stand closer to people they like or feel comfortable with than to strangers or people they don't like.And posture also 14 ．Sitting or standing up straight can show that someone feels confident, while sitting with crossed arms indicates that they feel 15 or uncomfortable. Body language can communicate a lot about people's thoughts and feelings, and thus, help you relate to them. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了肢体语言在人际交往中的重要性，以及如何通过观察和理解他人的肢体语言来更好地与周围人相处。 1． A．Frequently B．Generally C．Fortunately D．Frankly 解析：选C。根据前文“At times we all wish that we knew what other people were thinking.”以及后文“people's facial expressions, movements and posture (姿势) can communicate a lot about what is going on in their minds.”可知，人们希望知道他人在想什么，而人们的面部表情、动作和姿势可以很好地传达他们的想法，所以是幸运的。故选C。 2． A．provide B．develop C．discover D．arouse 解析：选B。根据前文“Joe Navarro's book What EVERY BODY is Saying”可知，书籍应是帮助培养这种能力。故选B。 3． A．lying B．thinking C．changing D．wishing 解析：选A。根据后文“Even when people don't lie directly, they sometimes try to hide their feelings.”可知，细微的变化可以帮助你识别某人是否在撒谎。故选A。 4． A．cooperating B．negotiating C．investigating D．interacting 解析：选D。根据后文“recognizing these feelings can help you look out for their interests and your own”可知，识别这些感觉，也就是撒谎，而撒谎需要先互动，所以是在工作中还是在个人生活中与人互动。故选D。 5． A．misguiding B．misinterpreting C．mistrusting D．mismanaging 解析：选B。根据后文“Recognizing this baseline can help you understand whether expressions and gestures indicate a(n) 7 to something you said or not.”可知，认识到这个基线可以帮助理解他人，也就是避免误解。故选B。 6． A．look out B．give out C．figure out D．put out 解析：选C。根据前文“According to Navarro, establishing a baseline for how a person behaves is important to avoid 5 their body language.”可知，为一个人的行为建立一个底线，需要先弄清楚(figure out)人们什么时候会使用特定的表情。look out “当心，小心”；give out“释放；用完；耗尽”；put out“扑灭”。故选C。 7． A．reaction B．result C．instinct D．insight 解析：选A。根据前文“According to Navarro, establishing a baseline for how a person behaves is important to avoid 5 their body language.”可知，为一个人的行为建立一个基线对于避免误解他们的肢体语言很重要，因为这可以帮助你理解表情和手势是否是对你所说的事情的反应。故选A。 8． A．satisfaction B．anxiety C．appreciation D．discomfort 解析：选D。根据前文“rubbing one's eyes”结合选项可知，揉眼睛表示不专注，也就是对话题不感兴趣，对某个话题感到不舒服。故选D。 9． A．occasionally B．constantly C．suddenly D．gradually 解析：选B。根据后文“they might just be tired.”根据常识，一个人累了，可能会一直揉眼睛。故选B。 10．A．agreement B．excitement C．depression D．displeasure 解析：选D。根据前文“and pressing one's lips together”根据常识可知，噘起嘴唇通常表示不高兴。故选D。 11．A．hiding B．criticizing C．transferring D．explaining 解析：选A。根据前文“if someone keeps looking away or covering their mouth”可知，有人一直看别处或捂住嘴，是心虚的表现，所以是意味着他们在隐瞒什么。故选A。 12．A．habits B．expressions C．emotions D．advantages 解析：选C。根据前文“When people think of body language, facial expressions tend to come to mind, and these can tell you a lot.”以及第四段内容可知，面部表情会泄露本身情绪，所以此处是控制他们的面部表情来隐藏他们的情绪。故选C。 13．A．In principle B．In contrast C．In all D．In reality 解析：选B。根据前文“Many people bounce their feet when they are happy or excited.”以及后文“if someone feels uncomfortable, they may point their feet away from the person they are speaking to.”可知，前后文是相反的例子。故选B。 14．A．adjusts B．follows C．moves D．matters 解析：选D。根据后文“Sitting or standing up straight can show that someone feels confident”可知，可以从姿势判断人的情绪，所以姿势也很重要。故选D。 15．A．defensive B．ambitious C．dependent D．aggressive 解析：选A。根据后文“or uncomfortable”可知，空处和uncomfortable并列，意思相近，所以应是“defensive防御性的”符合语境。故选A。 Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language— The ­ing form (4) as the object and the predicative 分析下列课文原句 1．Perhaps the best example is smiling. 2．The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in. 3．She enjoys learning about body language in different cultures. 4．However, you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil and Germany, as it is not considered polite. 5．Elsewhere, people favour shaking hands，bowing from the waist, or nodding the head when they meet someone else. 6．A good way of saying “I am full” is moving your hand in circles over your stomach after a meal. 【我的感悟】 一、动词­ing形式作宾语 1．作动词的宾语 一些及物动词之后只能接动词­ing形式作宾语， 不能接不定式。此处列举部分常用词汇。 avoid, miss, delay 避免错过少延期 advise, finish, practise 建议完成多练习 enjoy, imagine, appreciate 喜欢想象要欣赏 admit, deny, require 承认否定与要求 escape, risk, consider 逃避冒险莫考虑 stand, keep, mind 忍受保持不介意 ①He advised renting a house in the country for the summer. 他建议在乡下租一所房子避暑。 ②She imagined walking into the office and telling everyone what she thought of them. 她想象自己走进办公室，对每个人说出自己对他们的看法。 2．作动词短语的宾语 常见跟动词­ing形式作宾语的动词短语有insist on, object to, lead to, carry on, put off, give up, look forward to, feel like, devote oneself to, get/be used to, pay attention to, be worth等。 ①He insisted on doing the work in his own way. 他坚持按照自己的方法做这项工作。 ②I have been looking forward to seeing you． 我一直盼望见到你。 ————即学即练1———— 用所给词的适当形式填空 ①She feels like going (go) abroad for further education next year. ②The police delayed making (make) any announcement until the girl's relatives had been contacted. ③The boy was lucky to escape being punished (punish) for breaking the window. ④We should form the habit of discussing (discuss) our problems with others to understand them better. 3．在有些动词后面，如：start, begin, continue等既可接动词­ing形式也可接动词不定式作宾语，两者意义区别不大。 They continued working/to work as if nothing had happened. 他们继续工作，就好像什么事也没发生过。 4．在love, hate, prefer, like等动词后接动词­ing形式作宾语时指经常性的动作，用动词不定式作宾语时指具体的动作。 ①He preferred staying in the house when it rained. 下雨时他更愿待在家里。(用动词­ing形式作宾语，指每逢下雨都待在家里) ②I prefer to stay at home this afternoon. 今天下午我宁愿留在家里。(用动词不定式作宾语，表示今天下午留在家里这一具体的动作) 5．有些动词(短语)后跟动词不定式和动词­ing形式作宾语均可，但含义不同。常见的有： 动词 宾语的形式 意义 forget to do 忘记要做 doing 忘记做过 remember to do 记着要去做 doing 记得做过 regret to do 遗憾/抱歉要做 doing 后悔做了 try to do 尽力做 doing 尝试做 mean to do 打算做 doing 意味着 go on to do 接着做(另外一件事) doing 接着做(同一件事) stop to do 停下来去做(另一件事) doing 停止做某事 ①Remember to email your video to www.campusart123 @gmail.com if you are interested in it. 如果你感兴趣的话， 记得要把你的视频发送至www.campusart123 @gmail.com。 ②I still remember visiting the museum for the first time. 我仍记得第一次参观这座博物馆时的情景。 ————即学即练2———— 用所给词的适当形式填空 ①It is very cool in autumn and cold in winter, so don't forget to bring (bring) different kinds of clothes with you. ②I forgot to give (give) the book to you yesterday. ③In the early evening we always stop to make (make) camp. ④I remembered locking (lock) the door before I left the office, but I forgot to turn (turn) off the lights. 二、动词­ing形式作表语 1．动词­ing形式作表语， 表示抽象的一般性的行为， 用来说明主语的内容， 与主语通常是同一概念， 表语和主语通常可以交换位置。 In the ant kingdom, the queen's job is laying eggs. ＝In the ant kingdom, laying eggs is the queen's job. 在蚂蚁王国， 蚁后的工作是产卵。 2．动词­ing形式作表语， 可以表示主语的某种性质或特征， 这类词可以看作形容词。 What should be stressed is the dragon­boat racing, which is very interesting and exciting. 应该强调的是龙舟赛， 它非常有趣， 且激动人心。 ————即学即练3———— 单句语法填空 ①The unique scenery in Vancouver is so amazing (amaze) that people say it is the most beautiful city in Canada. ②What makes me very amused is sitting (sit) on the beach, staring at the blue sky. ③The purpose of the meeting is to elect (elect) a new captain. ④The speech you delivered was inspiring (inspire) and touched my heart. 阅读下面短文，填入括号内单词的正确形式 My hobby is 1.collecting (collect) stamps.I find it interesting and 2.relaxing (relax).When I was a child, I started 3.collecting/to collect (collect) stamps from my father's old letters.Since then, I have been addicted to 4.searching (search) for special stamps.I enjoy 5.looking (look) through different kinds of stamps, each of which tells a story. Not only is stamp­collecting a great way of 6.killing (kill) time, but it also helps me learn about different cultures.I remember 7.visiting (visit) a stamp exhibition last year.It was so fascinating that I spent the whole day there.What's more, I consider 8.joining (join) a stamp­collecting club so that I can share my passion with others. In my opinion, 9.collecting (collect) stamps is more than just a hobby; it's a way of life.It enriches my knowledge and broadens my horizons.I can't imagine 10.living (live) without this wonderful hobby. 写出黑体部分在句中所作句子成分 1．(2025·浙江1月卷)One of the most common mistakes in communication is trying to do too much.(作表语) 2．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Feeling motivated, I started running silently, but then two things happened.(作宾语) 3．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷改编) According to the woman，the problem with some parents is overprotecting their children.(作表语) 4．(2024·全国甲卷)We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art­making activities.(作宾语) 5．(2024·全国甲卷)It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full.(作宾语) 6．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷改编)The speaker thinks the key to Mr.Rochester's success is valuing human relationships.(作表语) 7．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)However, most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table.(作宾语) 8．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single­use plastic.(作宾语) [课后分层练11] (时间：40分钟　满分：77.5分) Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) 1．Would you mind turning (turn) down your radio a little, please? 2．I remember being taken (take) to the zoo by my mother when I was a child. 3．He succeeded in persuading (persuade) her to take the job. 4．Her job is keeping (keep) the lecture hall as clean as possible. 5．The parents suggested sleeping (sleep) in the hotel room but their kids were anxious to camp out during the trip. 6．If we get up early, we don't need to be in a hurry to go to school without having (have) breakfast. 7．I'm sure you can speak Chinese fluently before you come to China if you insist on acting (act) as I told you. 8．The key to successful small talk is learning (learn) how to connect with others, not just communicate with them. 9．During her life, she devoted herself to working (work) for the blind and the deaf. 10．My duties will include introducing (introduce) British visitors to the pandas at Chengdu. Ⅱ.完成句子(每小题2分，共20分) 1．穿这么少的衣服我禁不住打起哆嗦。 I couldn't help shaking with so few clothes on. 2．看了飞机模型一段时间后，这个男孩转过身来，发现他的父母不见了。 After looking at the model plane for some time, the boy turned around and found his parents were missing. 3．自从退休以来他就一直梦想着沿丝绸之路旅行。 He has been dreaming of travelling along the Silk Road since he retired. 4．我知道作为一名高中生，我必须更加努力学习，并且要习惯于承担更多的责任。 I know I have to study harder as a senior high school student and get used to being responsible for a lot more. 5．他将不断地试验新方法，以帮助全中国的农民。 He will keep trying out new methods so that he can help farmers around China. 6．新技术将有助于提高生产效率。 The new technology will contribute to improving the efficiency of the production. 7．很多人都建议制定更多规则以保护动物权益。 Many people have suggested setting up more rules to protect animal rights. 8．他的任务之一就是为爬山准备一些食物和饮用水。 One of his tasks is preparing some food and drinking water for the climbing. 9．这次演讲的主题是打破组与组之间的障碍。 The theme of the lecture is breaking down barriers between groups. 10．为了保护野生动物免于灭绝，我们要建立更多的自然保护区。 To protect the wildlife from dying out, we should build more nature reserves. Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A Body language is an essential part of communication and can be just as important as our verbal (口头的) exchanges.Body language can be conscious or unconscious actions, so it is important to make sure your body is sending the same messages as your words to ensure good communication.These nonverbal cues can strengthen the verbal messages you're sending or lead to mistrust or confusion—signs of poor communication and misunderstanding. Body language can make interacting with others and expressing yourself much easier, but it can also introduce new challenges.Some nonverbal signs unintentionally communicate parts of ourselves that we don't want others to know.For example, bad posture or fidgeting (坐立不安) may communicate lack of confidence, something we may not intend others to know about us.But body language can strengthen our verbal messages and solidify what we are telling others.Facing someone with eye contact or taking notes while someone is speaking can communicate genuine interest.Without these signs, teachers may not be able to assess a student's understanding. When you're speaking sincerely, it's natural for your body language to respond to your words through gestures or facial expressions．We also use gestures in conversations to tell stories or describe objects, often using hand signals to show how big or small something is.These are largely unconscious, naturally occurring forms of body language. It can be difficult to communicate confidence in your actions when you may not feel it internally.When you display confident body language, such as good posture or eye contact, even if you're making a conscious effort, studies have shown that it can lead to feeling more confident.When speaking to others, practice controlling impulses to fidget and planting your feet confidently to increase self­esteem. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是肢体语言在我们生活中的作用。 1．What will your body language tell if it doesn't go with your speech? A．Wrong information. B．True meaning behind words. C．A broken relationship. D．A dull speech. 解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第一段“These nonverbal cues can strengthen the verbal messages you're sending or lead to mistrust or confusion—signs of poor communication and misunderstanding.”可知，如果肢体语言与我们的口头语言不一致，就有可能导致疑虑或困惑。故选A。 2．Why does the author give some examples in Paragraph 2? A．To prove body language is necessary. B．To state how to assess a student's understanding. C．To tell body language can show the true side of us. D．To explain how challenging it is to read body language. 解析：选C。推理判断题。根据第二段“Some nonverbal signs unintentionally communicate parts of ourselves that we don't want others to know.”可以推断出，作者举例说明有些非语言性的符号能展现我们真实的一面。故选C。 3．What does the author intend to tell in the last two paragraphs? A．Proper body language can help us in gaining confidence. B．Hand signals are essential ways to make ourselves understood. C．Naturally occurring forms of body language make us confident. D．When speaking to others, try your best to hide your body language. 解析：选A。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段以及最后一段可知，作者讲述的合适的肢体语言能让我们展现自信的一面可推断，合适的身体语言能让我们变得自信。故选A。 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Keeping proper body language B．Using your body to communicate C．Understanding others by body language D．Being smart in showing your body language 解析：选B。标题归纳题。根据第一段以及下文可知，文章讲述了肢体语言在帮助我们沟通上的作用。所以B项“用肢体语言沟通”符合标题。故选B。 B (2025·四川眉山检测)A facial expression results from one or more motions of the muscles of the face.These movements convey the emotional nonverbal communication.They are a primary means of conveying social information among humans, but also occur in most other mammals and some other animal species. In the business world, much emphasis is placed on your first words, but it isn't all about what you say.You only have seconds to make a first impression that can make or break a relationship in business.Since the face is the first thing we notice about a person, it's vital to use your face to make that important connection. Researchers have shown that 55 percent of non­verbal communication is facial.People generally try to mask negative expressions such as disappointment, fear or envy, but these feelings are often reflected in their eyes, or the downward turn of the mouth. Genuine expressions of anger and surprise can be quite brief, lasting for only a few seconds.If an expression remains longer, it may be a sign of insincerity (不真诚).In general, a genuine expression matches the beginnings of a feeling, so watch for expressions that come after the words. The research conducted last year by a team from Glasgow University, suggested that people from different cultures read facial expressions differently.Not only can that mean confusion in everyday life, but it can lead to confusion when conducting business. The study found that East Asian participants tended to focus on the eyes of the other person, while Western subjects took in the whole face, including the eyes and the mouth.The work, which was published in Current Biology journal challenged the idea that facial expressions are universally understood.In the study, East Asians were more likely than Westerners to read the expression for “fear” as “surprise”， and “disgust” as “anger”． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了面部表情的形成及其传达情感等信息的功能，指出在商界，面部表情对建立关系很重要，而不同文化的人解读表情的方式存在差异且这种差异会影响商业交流。 5．According to the text, in the business world ． A．people focus more on your words than your facial expressions B．people usually have no time to make a first impression C．the relationship between people is very sensitive D．facial expressions are very important in creating business connections 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第二段“In the business world...the face is the first thing we notice about a person, it's vital to use your face to make that important connection.”可知，在商界，面部表情对于建立商业联系非常重要。故选D。 6．From the fourth paragraph, we can learn that ． A．genuine expressions usually last for a short time B．the expressions that come after the words are not genuine C．55 percent of people use facial expressions as non­verbal communication D．negative expressions are very easy to hide 解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第四段中“Genuine expressions of anger and surprise can be quite brief, lasting for only a few seconds.”可知，真诚的表情通常持续很短的时间。故选A。 7．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A．The result of the study makes it difficult to do business. B．Only humans can convey information through facial expressions. C．Negative emotions are easily reflected in the eyes. D．Current Biology financially supports the study. 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第三段中“People generally try to mask negative expressions such as disappointment, fear or envy, but these feelings are often reflected in their eyes, or the downward turn of the mouth.”可知，消极情绪很容易反映在眼睛里。故选C。 8．The text is mainly about ． A．facial expressions in business B．how to convey negative expressions C．facial expressions and social skills D．how to increase cross­cultural understanding 解析：选A。主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章开篇介绍了面部表情的形成及其传达情感等信息的功能；然后重点阐述在商界，面部表情有着关键作用，接着提到面部表情在非言语交流中的占比，以及不同面部表情的特征；最后指出不同文化对表情解读存在差异，这在商业交流中会造成困惑。由此可知，这篇文章主要是关于商业中的面部表情。故选A。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) Body Language Mistakes You Should Avoid at Work Communication is not only about words but also gestures.Therefore, you should be careful about how you use your body when expressing yourself.1( ) Avoiding eye contact When speaking with a workmate, avoiding eye contact makes you look unprofessional.2( ) It also shows that you are not interested in the topic.Therefore, you should always keep eye contact especially when you are making a point. Crossing your arms 3( ) In some cases, doing so may reveal that you want to put a distance between yourself and them.This is generally considered as a position of defence which will probably result in unharmonious working atmosphere.So just keep your arms open to give others a warm feeling. Checking the time Checking the time every few minutes makes people feel you are in a hurry or would rather be somewhere else.It looks like you are not interested in being there.Therefore, when you are speaking to your workmates, try not to look at the clock very often. Bad body posture Having a bad posture can mean that you are not interested in what is going on around you.4( ) It is important to stand or sit up straight when speaking to somebody.Also, keep your head high. Weak handshake A weak handshake means that you don't care much about the person you are shaking hands with.5( ) However, don't forget that a handshake that is too firm can be impolite.Therefore, try to find the right balance. A．Nod your head to show that you are listening. B．It may indicate that you are not self­confident. C．Try to greet the people with a strong handshake. D．This shows that you have confidence in yourself. E．Crossing your arms shows that you are not open to others. F．Here are some body language mistakes you should avoid at work. G.For instance, dropping shoulders or a lowering neck may indicate you are indifferent． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些在工作中应避免的肢体语言错误。 1．解析：选F。根据上文“Therefore, you should be careful about how you use your body when expressing yourself.”可知，上文讲到要小心如何使用自己的身体。根据下文小标题“Avoiding eye contact”“Crossing your arms”“Bad body posture” “Weak handshake”可知，空格处承上启下，引出肢体的一些注意事项。F项“Here are some body language mistakes you should avoid at work.”承上启下，符合语境，故选F。 2．解析：选B。根据本段小标题“Avoiding eye contact”可知，本段主要介绍避免眼神交流这一肢体语言错误。根据下文“It also shows that you are not interested in the topic.”可知，下文进一步说明为什么避免眼神交流是一个肢体语言错误。所以B项“It may indicate that you are not self­confident.”承上启下，符合语境，故选B。 3．解析：选E。根据本段小标题“Crossing your arms”可知，本段主要介绍交叉双臂这一肢体语言错误。根据下文“In some cases doing so may reveal that you want to put a distance between yourself and them.”中的“doing so”可知，上文应说明这个做法是什么。E项“Crossing your arms shows that you are not open to others.”承接下文，符合语境，故选E。 4．解析：选G。根据上文“Having a bad posture can mean that you are not interested in what is going on around you.”可知，上文说明不合适的身体姿势的影响。G项“For instance, dropping shoulders or a lowering neck may indicate you are indifferent.”举例说明一些不合适的身体姿势，故选G。 5．解析：选C。根据本段小标题“Weak handshake”可知，本段主要介绍握手无力这一肢体语言错误。根据下文“However, don't forget that a handshake that is too firm can be impolite.Therefore, try to find the right balance.”可知，空格处与下文构成转折关系。C项“Try to greet the people with a strong handshake.”符合本段主旨，承上启下，符合语境，故选C。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) You may not want to admit it，but actually at one time in your life，you've talked to an animal.Maybe it was letting a dog know it was a good dog 1 asking a cat where it had been.Maybe you gave words of 2 (encourage) to an elephant or scolded a sheep.Whichever animal it was you talked to，one thing is for sure：it probably didn't talk back.What if it could? 3 (science) are working on ways to not only understand what animals are saying，but also study whether they can talk back one day.Maybe their work will change 4 way we think about animals in the future. So far，no one 5 (prove) that an animal or a species has a language，partly because there is no 6 (universe)idea of what can be considered as a language.But 7 (broad) speaking，language should be a distinct and organized form of communication, 8 has been learned and used willingly.When your dog barks，you don't consider it as language.The reason is that dogs are born with the ability.But some studies suggest that some animals do communicate in a very complex manner 9 (show) characteristics of language.So，maybe we are close 10 talking with animals. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。生活中存在人和动物对话的情况，其实动物也有自己的语言表达形式。科学家们不仅在研究动物们说什么，而且还在研究有朝一日它们是否会回应。 1．解析：or。 考查连词。句意：也许是让一只狗知道它是一只好狗，或者是问一只猫它去了哪里。此处指你和动物谈话的内容，二者是选择关系，故填or。 2．解析：encouragement。考查名词。此处和of连用修饰名词words，用名词，指“鼓励的话”。故填encouragement。 3．解析：Scientists。考查名词。此处作主语用名词，根据句意可知，此处表示“科学家”，与谓语are一致用复数。故填Scientists。 4．解析：the。考查冠词。此处特指我们未来对动物的看法，表特指用定冠词，故填the。 5．解析：has proved/proven。考查动词时态。句中时间状语So far与现在完成时连用，与主语no one一致用单数，故填has proved/proven。 6．解析：universal。 考查形容词。修饰句中名词idea用形容词，指“普遍的想法”，故填universal。 7．解析：broadly。考查副词。修饰speaking用副词，指“一般地说，广义地说”，故填broadly。 8．解析：which。考查定语从句。句意：语言应该是人们乐于学习和使用的一种独特的、有组织的交流方式。根据句意和标点可知，句中包含非限制性定语从句，指代前面form用关系代词which引导，故填which。 9．解析：showing。考查非谓语动词。宾语从句中已有谓语动词communicate，此处用非谓语动词。manner和动词show之间是主动关系，用现在分词作定语。故填showing。 10．解析：to。 考查介词。句意：所以，也许我们在向和动物说话靠近。表示“接近”是close to，是固定短语。故填to。 Section Ⅲ　Using Language tendency n．趋势；倾向(联想：tend vi.往往， 趋向； 招待 vt.照看， 护理) 【教材原句】　People have a tendency to lean towards whatever they are interested in. 人们在对某个事物感兴趣时，往往会身体前倾。 【用法归纳】 (1)have a tendency to do sth 有做某事的倾向 there is a tendency that 有……的倾向 (2)tend to do... 倾向于做……； 往往会…… 【佳句必背】　There is a growing tendency for teenagers to read books by computers or phones rather than go to libraries.(应用文之说明文) 青少年通过电脑或手机读书而不是去图书馆读书的趋势正在增长。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①The gap between the rich and the poor has a tendency (tend) to become smaller and smaller. ②He is always very rude, which is why people tend to avoid (avoid) him. ③It means that more heat energy tends to be released (release) to the atmosphere, causing the global temperature to go up. 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④由于吸烟的不良影响，现如今许多人倾向于戒烟。 Nowadays many people have a tendency to/tend to give up smoking due to its bad effects. occupy vt.占据；占用；使忙于(做某事)(联想：occupied adj.忙于……的；从事……的 occupation n．占领；职业；工作) 【教材原句】　With their chins on their hands，they occupy themselves by staring out of the window or up at the ceiling. 他们托着下巴， 全神贯注地盯着窗外或天花板。 【用法归纳】 (1)occupy oneself/sb with sth 使自己/某人忙于某事 occupy oneself/sb (in) doing sth 使自己/某人忙于做某事 occupy one's mind/thoughts/attention 占据某人的脑海/思想/注意力 (2)be occupied/busy keep sb occupied 使某人忙碌 【佳句必背】　Because they were occupied in making and selling popcorn，they spared no time to play around.(读后续写之动作描写) 因为他们忙于制作和售卖爆米花，他们没时间到处玩。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)The twins soon found themselves occupied (occupy) in cleaning up the kitchen while their father was occupying himself with the breakfast. ②Ultimately，you must state your full name，age and occupation (occupy). 【写成佳句】　同义句转换 ③She is occupied in looking after three children at home, so she has no time to take part in various activities in the club. →Occupied in looking after three children at home，she has no time to take part in various activities in the club.(过去分词短语作状语) →Occupying herself in looking after three children at home，she has no time to take part in various activities in the club.(现在分词短语作状语) distinguish vi.& vt.区分；辨别(联想：distinguished adj.卓越的；著名的；杰出的) 【教材原句】　While it is easy to perceive when students are interested, bored, or distracted, it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled. 尽管学生们何时(对讲课)感兴趣、何时感到无聊或精力不集中是容易察觉的，但要发现学生何时有困扰有时会难得多。 【用法归纳】 (1)distinguish between A and B 区分A和B distinguish...from... 把……与……区分开来 distinguish oneself (as...) (作为……)而出名 (2)be distinguished for... 因……而出名 be distinguished as... 作为……而出名 【佳句必背】　Here was a chance for me to distinguish myself by inventing something merciful that would catch snakes but not harm them.(读后续写之心理描写) 这回我有机会来表现一下自己了。我要发明某种仁慈的东西，既可以把蛇抓住又不会伤害到它们。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①As far as we all know, Lang Ping has already distinguished herself as a great volleyball coach in the world. ②Distinguished (distinguish) for its attractive scenery, Hangzhou witnesses large numbers of tourists every year. ③It's my pleasure to introduce Chinese painting to our distinguished (distinguish) guests. ④Reading good books can not only enrich our minds but also teach us to distinguish between right and wrong. ⑤They can even distinguish their mother's voice from that of a female stranger. 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ⑥(读后续写之人物描写)这位科学家因勤奋和勇气而出名。 The scientist is distinguished for his diligence and courage. anxiety n．焦虑；担心；害怕(联想：anxious adj.担心；渴望 anxiously adv.焦虑地) 【教材原句】　Students who are angry, afraid, or experiencing anxiety may have their arms crossed in front of their chests and their legs closed or crossed, like they are guarding their bodies. 愤怒、害怕或焦虑的学生会双臂交叉放在胸前， 双腿并拢或交叉， 像是在保护自己的身体。 【用法归纳】 (1)with anxiety＝anxiously 焦虑地 (2)be anxious for/about 为……担心/担忧 be anxious to do sth 渴望做某事 【佳句必背】　The day that I met my best friend for the first time, I was full of anxiety.(读后续写之心理描写) 第一次碰到我最好的朋友的那天，我特别焦虑。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①I was told the Learning Center provides help for students and I'm anxious to get (get) help from you. ②Anxiously (anxious), she took the dress out of the package and tried it on and found it didn't fit. ③We were anxious for/about our safety，and therefore，we were anxious to find our way home. 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④(读后续写之心理描写)她焦虑地站着，忍不住探身看向远处，等候着她丈夫的到来。 Waiting for her husband's coming，she stood there anxiously/with anxiety and couldn't help leaning forward to look into the distance. embarrassed adj.难堪的；尴尬的(联想：embarrass v．使尴尬； 使窘迫 embarrassing adj.令人不安的； 令人尴尬的 embarrassment n．尴尬； 难堪； 惹麻烦的人或事) 【教材原句】　They may also hide their faces in their hands like they are embarrassed or ashamed. 他们也会双手捂脸， 一副尴尬或羞愧的样子。 【用法归纳】 (1)be/feel embarrassed at/about 因……感到尴尬 be embarrassed to do sth 尴尬地做某事 (2)embarrass sb by doing sth 通过做某事使某人尴尬 (3)to one's embarrassment 令某人尴尬的是 【佳句必背】　The embarrassed look on his face suggested he was in an embarrassing situation.(读后续写之表情描写) 他脸上尴尬的表情表明他处于尴尬的境地。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①Embarrassed (embarrass) and ashamed，she opened her mouth with her eyes widening and face turning red. ②The wife stood there with embarrassment (embarrass)，feeling the blood rushing to her face. ③After a few awkward seconds, she cleared her throat and explained that there had been an embarrassing (embarrass) mistake. 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④(读后续写之表情描写)受到学生们的捉弄后，这位新来的女教师似乎很尴尬，脸都红了。 Played a trick on by her students, the new woman teacher seemed very embarrassed with her face red． ashamed adj.羞愧；惭愧(联想：shame n．羞耻；惭愧；遗憾的事 shameful adj.可耻的；不道德的) 【教材原句】　They may also hide their faces in their hands like they are embarrassed or ashamed. 他们也会双手捂脸， 一副尴尬或羞愧的样子。 【用法归纳】 (1)be ashamed of... 为……而感到羞耻 be ashamed to do sth 羞于/耻于做某事 be ashamed that... 对……感到羞愧 (2)It's a shame that... ……真让人遗憾。 【佳句必背】　Ashamed and frustrated，I felt as if a knife were piercing my heart and tears blurred my eyes.(读后续写之心理描写) 既羞愧又沮丧，我心如刀绞，泪眼婆娑。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①She was ashamed of making so many conflicts with her classmate Tom. ②She was ashamed to tell (tell) her mother that she had failed again. ③I cried at the end and I'm not ashamed (shame) to admit it. ④It is a shame that they should abandon the project halfway. 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ⑤(读后续写之心理描写)那个男孩为自己在开幕式上的可耻行为感到羞愧。 The boy is ashamed of his shameful behaviour at the opening ceremony. bother vi.& vt.费心；麻烦；因……操心 n．烦恼；麻烦 【教材原句】　However, if a student does not bother to brush her hair and her eyes are red from weeping, then I can infer that there are deeper issues at work. 但是， 要是学生都懒得梳头， 并且两眼因哭泣而发红， 那么我能够推断她遇到了更严重的问题。 【用法归纳】 (1)bother sb about/with sth 用某事麻烦某人 bother to do/doing sth 费心做某事 why bother 何苦；何必麻烦 It bothers sb that... ……让某人心烦。 (2)put sb to bother 给某人添乱 It's no bother. 不麻烦。 have no/much/little bother (in) doing sth 做……不费力/很费力/几乎不费力 【佳句必背】　I do need your valuable suggestions, hoping it won't bother you much.(应用文之求助信) 我确实需要你的宝贵建议，希望不会给你带来太大的麻烦。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①I didn't want to bother her with/about work matters on her day off. ②Why bother to go/going (go) to Italy and Denmark, when there are so many appealing places here? ③It bothered me that I couldn't break down the barriers among my relatives. 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④(读后续写之语言描写)她的朋友打电话来建议出去看电影。“我懒得去，” 莉莉打着哈欠说，“我就想待在家里放松一下。” Her friend called and suggested going out for a movie.“I can't be bothered，” Lily yawned, “I just want to stay home and relax.” ⑤我费了很大的劲才找到他的办公室。 I had much bother (in) finding his office. adjust vt.调整；调节 vi.& vt.适应；(使)习惯(联想：adjustable adj.可调整的；可调节的 adjustment n．调节；调整；校正) 【教材原句】　Their body language lets me know when to adjust class activities，when to intervene，and when to talk to students individually，so they can all get the most out of school.他们的肢体语言让我知道何时调整课堂活动、何时干预、何时与学生单独谈话， 从而让他们在校收获最大。 【用法归纳】 (1)adjust sth to sth 调整……以适应…… adjust to sth/doing sth 适应(做)…… adjust oneself to... 使某人自己适应……(to)为介词 (2)make adjustments to 对……做出调整 【佳句必背】　Knowing that you have some difficulty adjusting yourself to the new school life, I'm writing to give you some tips.(应用文之建议信) 了解到你很难适应新的学校生活，我写信给你一些建议。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment (adjust). ②It also has a voice control setting that enables you to stay hands­free, while its waterproof band is fully adjustable (adjust) so that it is comfortable to wear. ③When Riley moves to a new city, she has a hard time adjusting to her new surroundings. 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④作为一名交换生，我花了很长时间去适应新的环境。 As an exchange student, it took me a long time to adjust to/adjust myself to the new surroundings． have＋宾语＋宾语补足语 【教材原句】　So if a student has his head lowered to look at his watch，it implies he is bored and just counting the minutes for the class to end. 所以，如果学生低头看手表，这意味着他感到厌倦，数着时间，只盼早点下课。 【用法归纳】 本句中的has his head lowered为“have＋宾语＋宾补”结构。本句中过去分词作宾补，表示被动。 “have＋宾语＋宾补”结构： (1)have sth done 使……被…… (2)have sb do sth 让某人做某事 (3)have sb doing sth 允许某人做某事(常用于否定句中)；使某人一直做某事(多用于肯定句中) (4)have sth to do 有某事要做(主语自己做) 【佳句必背】　I must apologize to you for having you waiting for such a long time.Today，I have so many urgent things to attend to.(应用文之道歉信) 让你等了这么长时间，我必须向你道歉。今天，我有太多紧急的事情要处理。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①He managed to have the work finished (finish) yesterday. ②With the New Year approaching, you should have your hair cut (cut). ③My uncle was depressed because he had his car stolen (steal). ④The manager had the staff preparing (prepare) for the big event all week. ⑤He had his son clean (clean) the garage yesterday. 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ⑥(应用文之建议信)遵循以下建议，你就可以使你的问题得以解决。 Take the following advice and you can have your problems solved． ⑦(读后续写之动作描写)教练让球员们在操场上跑了一个小时。 The coach had the players running around the field for an hour. 部分否定 【教材原句】　Of course, not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class. 当然，不是所有抬着头的学生都是在认真听课。 【用法归纳】 (1)英语中的all、 both、 every、 everybody、 everything、 completely、 always、 whole、 entirely 等与否定词not连用，无论not位置如何，均构成部分否定，表示“并非……都……”的意思。 (2)英语中的no、 none、 never、 nobody、 nothing、 neither、 no one、 nowhere等表否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用构成完全否定。 【佳句必背】　A recent survey shows that not all the students in our school take physical exercise in their spare time.(应用文之调查报告) 最近的一项调查显示，并非我们学校的所有学生都在空闲时间进行体育锻炼。 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ①你看到桌子上的东西并不都是我的。 Not everything you saw on the table belongs to me. ②并不是两个答案都是正确的。 Both of the answers are not right. ③并非所有希望都破灭了。 All hope was not lost. ④所有的申请人都能得到这些工作是不可能的，因为不是所有的人都适合这些工作。 It's impossible for all the applicants to get the jobs, because not all of them are fit for them. ⑤没有一个学生能理解他的意思。 None of the students can understand what he means. ⑥(读后续写之场景描写)并非班上所有学生都对历史讲座感兴趣。 Not all the students in the class were interested in the history lecture. 描述肢体语言 ◎ HOW DO I KNOW MY STUDENTS? As an educator，people often ask me how I know what is going on in the minds of my students.Many students are quite shy and don't speak all that much.At the same time，in a classroom of more than forty students, it is hard to have many one­on­one conversations with each person.So, how can I really know what makes each student tick? My answer？I look at their body language. It is easy to recognise when students are interested in a lesson.Most tend to look up and make eye contact.When I make a joke, they smile.When I talk about something difficult, they look confused.I know when students are really interested, however, because they lean forward and look at me.People have a tendency to lean towards whatever they are interested in.So if a student has his head lowered to look at his watch, it implies he is bored and just counting the minutes for the class to end.If two friends are leaning their heads together, they are probably writing notes to each other.Of course, not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class.Some students look up, but there is an absence of eye contact.Their eyes barely move, and they always have the same distant expression on their faces.It is as though they are asleep with their eyes open. Some students are amused by something else.They spend all their time looking anywhere but at me.Then again, some students' favourite activity is daydreaming.With their chins on their hands, they occupy themselves by staring out of the window or up at the ceiling.They are certainly interested in something, but who knows what.The main thing is reminding distracted students that they need to pay attention in class. While it is easy to perceive when students are interested, bored, or distracted, it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled.Students who are angry, afraid, or experiencing anxiety may have their arms crossed in front of their chests and their legs closed or crossed, like they are guarding their bodies.Students who are sad or worried will nearly always wear a frown.They may also hide their faces in their hands like they are embarrassed or ashamed.Some students act this way merely because they are afraid of being called on by the teacher.However, if a student does not bother to brush her hair and her eyes are red from weeping, then I can infer that there are deeper issues at work.It could be that she is having serious conflicts with other students or at home.Whatever it is, I know I need to inquire and assess what is going on. Ultimately, my duty is helping every student to learn.Their body language lets me know when to adjust class activities, when to intervene, and when to talk to students individually, so they can all get the most out of school.Reacting to body language is an important component of being a teacher. ◎ 1．描述性与分析性相结合 文章通过具体的描述来展现学生在课堂上的各种肢体语言，如“look up and make eye contact”“lean forward”“head lowered”“arms crossed”等，生动地描绘了学生在不同情绪状态下的肢体表现。在描述的基础上，作者进一步分析这些肢体语言所代表的含义，如“People have a tendency to lean towards whatever they are interested in.”“Students who are angry, afraid, or experiencing anxiety may have their arms crossed in front of their chests”，这种分析性语言帮助读者理解肢体语言背后的心理状态。 2．使用专业术语与通俗语言相结合 文章中使用了一些教育和心理学的专业术语，如“body language”“distracted”“anxiety”“conflicts”等，使文章具有一定的专业性。同时，作者也使用了通俗易懂的语言，如“tick”“amused by”“counting the minutes for the class to end”等，使文章更加贴近读者，易于理解。 3．语言简洁明了，富有感染力 文章语言简洁，避免冗长的句子和复杂的结构，如“Most tend to look up and make eye contact.”“Their eyes barely move”等，使读者能够快速理解作者的观点。通过生动的描述和具体的例子，如“It is as though they are asleep with their eyes open.”“her eyes are red from weeping”等，唤起读者的情感共鸣，增强了文章的感染力。 4．多次使用条件句 文章中多次使用条件句来表达假设的情况和结果，如“if a student has his head lowered”“If two friends are leaning their heads together”“if a student does not bother to brush her hair”等，这种句式增强了文章的逻辑性和说服力。 ◎ 总分总结构：文章开头提出问题，中间分段详细阐述不同情绪状态下的肢体语言表现及教师的应对措施，最后总结教师的责任和肢体语言的重要性。主体部分按照学生的情绪状态(兴趣、无聊、情绪问题)进行分类，每一段都有明确的主题句和具体的肢体语言描述，逻辑连贯。 ◎ 我是如何了解我的学生的？ 作为一名教育工作者，人们经常问我，我是怎么知道学生的脑子里在想什么的。许多学生生性腼腆，沉默寡言。同时，班上有四十多名学生，想与每位学生一对一谈话不是那么容易。那么，我是如何搞清楚每个学生为何会这样的呢？ 想知道我的答案吗？我观察他们的肢体语言。 学生对一堂课感兴趣时，很容易就可以看出来。大部分学生会抬头看，并且有眼神交流。我开玩笑时，他们露出笑容。我讲到难点时，他们一脸茫然。然而，学生兴趣盎然时，我也看得出来，因为他们会身体前倾，注视着我。人们在对某个事物感兴趣时，往往会身体前倾。所以，如果学生低头看手表，这意味着他感到厌倦，数着时间，只盼早点下课。如果两个好朋友把头靠在一起，那么他们很可能是在互相写纸条。当然，不是所有抬着头的学生都是在认真听课。有些学生虽然抬着头，却没有眼神交流。他们的眼睛几乎不动，脸上表情疏远呆滞，好像在睁着眼睛睡觉。 有些学生(注意力)转向别的东西。整节课他们始终盯着别的东西， 没看我一眼。此外， 有些学生最喜欢的活动就是做白日梦。他们托着下巴， 全神贯注地盯着窗外或天花板。一定是什么东西吸引了他们的注意力， 但是谁也不知道到底是什么。重要的是提醒走神的学生专心听讲。 尽管学生们何时(对讲课)感兴趣、何时感到无聊或精力不集中是容易察觉的， 但要发现学生何时有困扰有时会难得多。愤怒、害怕或焦虑的学生会双臂交叉放在胸前， 双腿并拢或交叉， 像是在保护自己的身体。伤心或忧虑的学生几乎总是皱着眉头。他们也会双手捂脸， 一副尴尬或羞愧的样子。有些学生这副模样， 只是因为他们害怕老师提问。但是， 要是学生都懒得梳头， 并且两眼因哭泣而发红， 那么我能够推断她遇到了更严重的问题。极有可能她与同学或家人发生了很大的冲突。不管是什么， 我知道我必须去探个究竟， 搞明白发生了什么事情。 最后， 我的职责是帮助每一位学生学习。他们的肢体语言让我知道何时调整课堂活动、何时干预、何时与学生单独谈话， 从而让他们在校收获最大。对肢体语言作出反应是教师职责的重要组成部分。 ◎ 肢体语言在人与人的交流中起到非常重要的作用，请用英语对肢体语言作一个简单的介绍。应包括如下要点： 1．肢体语言很重要； 2．文化背景不同，肢体语言的含义也不同； 3．跨文化交流时一定要注意肢体语言的使用，以免造成误解。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2．短文首句已为你写好。 Body language is used by people for sending messages to one another.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Step 1　审题谋篇·定框架 Step 2　要点翻译·用佳句 1．它非常有用，因为它可以帮助你让自己很容易被理解。 It is very useful because it can help you make yourself easily understood． 2．在不同的文化下，肢体语言也不尽相同。 Body language is different in different cultures． [升级]　用高级词汇vary来表达句2中的different Body language varies from culture to culture. 3．一些国家的人见面时会亲吻对方。 People in some countries kiss each other when they meet. 4．中国人会握手而不是亲吻。 The Chinese people shake hands instead of kissing． [升级]　用并列连词合并句3和句4 People in some countries kiss each other when they meet，while the Chinese people shake hands instead of kissing. 5．当谈话时，有些人喜欢彼此站得近一些。但英国人必须要保持一定距离。 When they are talking，some people like standing closer to each other, but British people must keep a distance away． [升级]　用省略结构改写句5 When talking，some people like standing closer to each other, but British people must keep a distance away. 6．当你在国外时，了解手势的含义将有助于你避免误解而且让你在那儿待得更舒适。 When you are in a foreign country，knowing the meanings of gestures will help you avoid misunderstandings and make your stay there much more comfortable． Step 3　连句成篇·达美文 Body language is used by people for sending messages to one another.It is very useful because it can help you make yourself easily understood. Body language varies from culture to culture.For example，people in some countries kiss each other when they meet，while the Chinese people shake hands instead of kissing.When talking，some people like standing closer to each other，but British people must keep a distance away. So when you are in a foreign country，knowing the meanings of gestures will help you avoid misunderstandings and make your stay there much more comfortable. [课后分层练12] (时间：35分钟　满分：78.5分) Ⅰ.单词拼写(每小题1分，共8分) 1．She found herself in conflict (冲突) with her parents over her future career in fashion design. 2．He made a silly mistake，so he lowered (降低) his head，not daring to look up. 3．There is no need for you to bother (费心) yourself about such small things. 4．The twins are so alike.It's difficult to distinguish (辨别) one from the other. 5．Hearing the result of the competition，she couldn't help weeping (哭泣) in her bedroom. 6．Exercise is one of the key components (组成部分) of a healthy lifestyle. 7．Someone allergic to milk is likely to react (有不良反应) to cheese. 8．Ultimately (最后), you have to make your own judgements. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每小题1分，共8分) 1．When it was his turn to give his speech, nervous and embarrassed (embarrass)，he walked onto the stage. 2．In China's history of agriculture, soybeans have long occupied (occupy) an important position. 3．There is a tendency (tend) for people to spend more and more time on their mobile phones. 4．In the street, she found herself stared (stare) at by a stranger, which made her a little nervous. 5．A lecturer, or professor, is an educator (educate) who teaches in colleges or universities. 6．A week before Earth Day，posters were put up around our school，calling (call) on us to join in the activity for a greener earth. 7．With some encouragement from my colleagues, I had one of my poems published (publish). 8．They were merely (mere) children when their father died. Ⅲ.完成句子(每小题2分，共10分) 1．我们用语言和肢体语言与他人交流，试图更生动地表达我们的思想和观点。 We use both words and body language to interact with others, trying to express our thoughts and opinions more vividly． 2．这些孩子的身高从100厘米到120厘米不等。 These kids vary in height from 100 cm to 120 cm． 3．例如，在有些国家，点头表示不同意，而在其他国家则表示赞同。 For example, in some countries, nodding means disagreement while in other countries it means approval． 4．微笑有很多作用，它不仅可以用来道歉、问候某人而且可用来打破隔阂。 Smile has many functions.Not only can it be used to apologise, to greet someone, but also it can be used to break down barriers. 5．为了更好地促进跨文化交流，我们应该恰当地使用肢体语言。 To better promote cross­culture communication, we should use body language appropriately． Ⅳ.课文语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) HOW DO I KNOW MY STUDENTS? As an 1 educator (educate), people often ask me how I know what is going on in the minds of my students.My answer is that I look at their body language.It is easy for me 2 to recognise (recognise) when students are interested in a lesson.People have a 3 tendency (tend) to lean towards whatever they are interested in.So if a student has his head 4 lowered (lower) to look at his watch, it implies he is bored and just counting the minutes for the class to end.Sometimes some students are 5 amused (amuse) by something else.So the main thing is reminding distracted students 6 that they need to pay attention in class. While 7 it is easy to perceive when students are interested, bored, or distracted, it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students 8 are troubled (trouble).Ultimately, my duty is helping every student to learn.Their body language lets me know when to adjust class activities, when to intervene, and when to talk to students 9 individually (individual).Reacting to body language is 10 an important component of being a teacher. Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共10分) (2025·广东省清远市高二上期中)Baby sign language is a growing movement.Pointing to a colorful flower, Campbell lifts her baby's soft hand, and rapidly moves it from one side of his nose to the other as she sniffs (嗅).“Flower！” she says loudly.Gregory smiles and looks carefully.It could be a year before Gregory, four months old, can speak, but now his mother hopes to communicate with her baby through sign language. Like others around the world, Campbell is part of a growing movement of parents teaching babies simple signs to communicate before they can talk.The baby sign language has been more popular in recent years.The movie, Meet the Fockers, where the main character teaches his young grandson to sign, makes it well developed. Babies generally begin to talk between 12 and 15 months, but babies can use sign language to communicate before they learn how to speak.“We know they are learning language faster than they are able to show you with their speech production because that system takes a long time to develop，” says McRoberts, director of developmental research at the Haskins Laboratories. “They are understanding words before they are able to say them.From around 16 to 18 months, they might say 50 words but understand 200.They understand short sentences well，” says McRoberts. Studies have shown deaf children learn to use sign language earlier than children learn to speak meaningfully.As to whether babies can communicate earlier with sign language, McRoberts says, “I think that's still unknown.It may not.I'm very interested in that very question.” [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了婴儿手语的兴起及其对早期沟通的重要性。 1．The first paragraph is written to ． A．show Gregory can use baby sign language B．introduce the topic—baby sign language C．show how Campbell taught her son “flower” D．explain that baby sign language is easy to learn 解析：选B。推理判断题。 根据第一段内容，尤其是“Gregory smiles and looks carefully.It could be a year before Gregory, four months old, can speak, but now his mother hopes to communicate with her baby through sign language.”可知，第一段的目的是通过Campbell教儿子手语的例子引出婴儿手语的话题。故选B。 2．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 probably refer to? A．How to teach a grandson. B．Making baby sign language meaningful. C．The movement of teaching babies sign language. D．The movie Meet the Fockers. 解析：选C。词句猜测题。根据第二段中画线词上文“Like others around the world, Campbell is part of a growing movement of parents teaching babies simple signs to communicate before they can talk.The baby sign language has been more popular in recent years.”可知，画线单词it指的是上文的“教婴儿手语的活动”。故选C。 3．What is the main reason why many parents teach their babies sign language? A．To communicate with their babies. B．To make their babies learn English fast. C．To make their babies clever. D．To make their babies interested in language. 解析：选A。 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Like others around the world, Campbell is part of a growing movement of parents teaching babies simple signs to communicate before they can talk.”可知，家长教婴儿手语的主要目的是在婴儿还不会说话之前与其进行交流。故选A。 4．Which of the following does McRoberts agree with? A．Babies learn to talk quickly. B．Babies can understand more words than they can say. C．Hearing babies can communicate earlier. D．Deaf babies understand short sentences well. 解析：选B。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“‘They are understanding words before they are able to say them.From around 16 to 18 months, they might say 50 words but understand 200.They understand short sentences well，’ says McRoberts.”可知，McRoberts会同意婴儿能理解的单词比他们能说的要多的观点。故选B。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2025·浙江绍兴期末) Body language around the world It is said that our body language exhibits information about our thoughts and feelings.But the implied meaning of these common signals we use every day can mean something wildly different in another culture.1( ) From them, you can know how to integrate and what to avoid. Greetings 2( ) Handshakes and hugs are common practices in Western societies in places like the US and UK, but in parts of Europe such as France and Italy, handshakes are a slightly more personal greeting.It's common to linger for longer, which some visitors may find uncomfortable. Hand and arm gestures As standard, Italians use their arms and hands to gesture constantly while talking, whereas in Japan, this is considered bad manners.If you're in Belgium or Northern Italy, be sure to avoid brushing your hand underneath your chin when speaking—it is a vivid way to tell someone to go away！3( ) Well, hopefully you haven't visited Greece or Sardinia yet, where it is considered to be as rude as a middle finger signal in the West. Head and eye movements In many parts of Eastern Europe, the standard nodding and shaking signifying yes and no respectively are switched, which can, of course, get very confusing.In Japan, staring too long is considered rude, invasive or even an act of aggression.Our special gesture, though, has to be this traditional signal from Xizang, China.If someone is sticking their tongue out at you in the street, all may not be as it seems！4( ) But in Western cultures, it is considered playful, silly or even bad­mannered. All in all, body language plays a significant role in communicating with people from other cultures.5( ) A．It can send signals stronger than words. B．My body utters when I try to hide something. C．In fact, it's a way of demonstrating respect. D．In the UK and Australia, the sign means victory. E．Do you think the thumbs­up sign a universal gesture for “great”？ F．Here is an introduction to the most unusual examples across the globe. G．In various parts of India, it's common to greet one another by touching feet. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界各地的肢体语言文化和差异。 1．解析：选F。根据上文“But the implied meaning of these common signals we use every day can mean something wildly different in another culture.”以及下文“From them, you can know how to integrate and what to avoid.”可知，前文提到日常肢体语言信号在不同文化中有不同含义，后文介绍了世界各地不同身体语言的例子，F项起到承上启下作用，符合语境。故选F。 2．解析：选G。此段主题是“Greetings(问候)”，G项与问候方式相关，同时与下文构成并列关系。符合该段主题。故选G。 3．解析：选E。根据下文“Well, hopefully you haven't visited Greece or Sardinia yet, where it is considered to be as rude as a middle finger signal in the West.”可知，后文提到在希腊或撒丁岛，某个手势被认为和西方竖中指一样粗鲁，且前文介绍了不同手势的含义，E项引出下文关于竖起大拇指手势在不同文化中含义不同的内容，符合语境。故选E。 4．解析：选C。根据上文“Our special gesture, though, has to be this traditional signal from Xizang, China.If someone is sticking their tongue out at you in the street, all may not be as it seems！”可知，前文提到在中国西藏，如果有人在街上向你吐舌头，情况可能并非看上去那样，C项解释了吐舌头这个动作在西藏文化中的真实含义，与后文在西方文化中的含义形成对比。故选C。 5．解析：选A。根据上文“All in all, body language plays a significant role in communicating with people from other cultures.”可知，前文强调身体语言在与其他文化的人交流中起着重要作用，A项进一步强调身体语言的重要性，总结前文。故选A。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) More than 900，000 people in Britain are severely (严重地) deaf, and an unknown number of people 1 (be) dumb (哑的), which means they lack the ability to speak.For these people, a different system of communication 2 requires neither hearing ability 3 speech is available.It is a system based on the use of signs. Little is known about how British Sign Language (BSL) developed, as it has no 4 (write) form.The first school in Britain to include sign language in its courses is 5 (general) thought to be the “Academy for the Deaf and Dumb” 6 (found) in 1760.The school's owner, Thomas Braidwood, introduced a system of sign language which is believed to have been the basis for BSL. Since that time, BSL has encountered various setbacks (周折) by comparison with spoken language.For example, during the 19th century, most deaf children learned BSL informally rather than receiving formal education at school for lack of opportunities.Then for much of the 20th century, 7 was increasing opposition to sign language.During this time deaf children were encouraged or forced 8 (understand) others by lip reading, and to “speak” 9 (use) finger spelling.Eventually it was recognised that this approach had been unsuccessful, and that BSL was a more efficient method of communication.In 2003, it 10 (give) the official position of a language. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了英国手势语的发展。 1．解析：are。考查动词时态和主谓一致。设空处所在句描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，且主语为复数，故填are。 2．解析：that/which。考查关系代词。设空处引导限制性定语从句，指代a different system of communication，且在从句中作主语，故填that或which。 3．解析：nor。考查连词。neither...nor...为固定搭配，表示“既不……也不……”，故填nor。 4．解析：written。考查形容词。设空处作定语，修饰form，应用形容词，表示“书面的”，故填written。 5．解析：generally。考查副词。设空处作状语，应用副词，表示“普遍地；广泛地”，故填generally。 6．解析：founded。考查动词­ed形式。设空处作后置定语，修饰the “Academy for the Deaf and Dumb”，且found与the “Academy for the Deaf and Dumb”之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用动词­ed形式，故填founded。 7．解析：there。考查存现句。根据语境可知，设空处所在句意为“在20世纪的大部分时间里，有越来越多反对手势语的声音”，故填there。 8．解析：to understand。考查动词不定式。be encouraged/forced to do sth为固定搭配，表示“被鼓励/强迫做某事”，故填to understand。 9．解析：using。考查动词­ing形式。设空处作状语，且deaf children与use之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用动词­ing形式，故填using。 10．解析：was given。考查时态和语态。根据In 2003可知，设空处所在句描述的是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时，且it与give之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，故填was given。 主题：羞愧的女孩 情 感 描 写 ①weep　　 vi.& vt.哭泣；流泪 ②anger n．愤怒；怒气 vt.使生气；激怒 ③anxiety n．焦虑；担心；害怕 ④embarrassed　 adj.难堪的；尴尬的 ⑤ashamed adj.羞愧；惭愧 ⑥feel down 感到沮丧 动 作 描 写 ①slump　　 vi.垂头弯腰地走(或坐等) ②bend vt.& vi.(使)弯曲；倾斜；偏向 ③lower vt.把……放低；降低；减少 adj.下面的；下方的；较小的 ④bother　　　 vi.& vt.费心；麻烦；因……操心 ⑤stare vi.盯着看；凝视 ⑥distract vt.分散(注意力)；使分心 ⑦break down 消除；分解；打破 [语段情景用]　一个骑自行车的女孩撞倒了一位老奶奶，女孩愤怒地责备她，而老奶奶却焦急万分地等待小女孩回来取她丢失的鞋子……(尽可能使用方框中归纳的教材词汇，词数80左右) A girl riding a bike knocked down an old grandma.The girl didn't bother to help her up but blamed her in anger.Then the girl rode away.A moment later，the girl found her sports shoes on the backseat missing.So she went back to the place where she bumped into the grandma.To her surprise，the old grandma was waiting for her with great anxiety.So ashamed and embarrassed was the girl that she lowered her head and stared at the ground，feeling the blood rush to her face.The girl finally broke down and wept without control.The old grandma bent forward and stroked her head gently. 单元强化练 [UNIT 4] (时间：45分钟　满分：82.5分) 【基础知识强化练】 Ⅰ.单词拼写(每小题1分，共10分) 1．I am writing in sincerity to ask you a favour (帮助) regarding the play we adapted according to the textbook. 2．Typing patterns vary (变化) from person to person. 3．We have to inform you that we can not approve (批准) it. 4．In this hall, they are not allowed to employ (使用) tools that use electricity. 5．Jeff has to pick a team to support to avoid being disturbed (打扰). 6．He is so embarrassed (尴尬的) because he made a mistake. 7．A good teacher can perceive (察觉到) his students' sorrow by the looks on their faces. 8．With the development of technology, we have a tendency (趋势) to lead a more convenient life. 9．There is tension and anxiety (焦虑) from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust. 10．Companies should be made to demonstrate (揭示) more about their financial position. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) 1．Everything will ultimately (ultimate) depend on what is said at the meeting. 2．The television producer today has to be part news person, part educator (educate). 3．About one century ago, Hitler didn't perceive the people's anxiety (anxious) about the war to end. 4．The Chinese nation is distinguished for its diligence and courage. 5．To be honest, I barely (bare) slept last night.No wonder that I feel so sleepy today. 6．The state of employment (employ)in this city is improving. 7．I do hope my suggestions will meet with your approval (approve). 8．The two animals come from the same family but differ in body shape. 9．I am in favour of your suggestion that we should spend more time on this subject. 10．News reports say peace talks between the two countries have broken down with no agreement reached. Ⅲ.完成句子(每小题2分，共10分) 1．那是我唯一掌握的法语短语，可惜我用得不多。 That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it's a shame(that) I don't have much use for it. 2．婴儿在出生前就能分辨出自己妈妈和陌生女性的声音。 Before birth, babies can even distinguish their mother's voice from that of a female stranger. 3．事实上，相比于其他肢体语言，人们通常认为笑脸更温暖、更值得信赖、更友好。 In reality, people usually perceive a smiling face as/to be warmer, more trustworthy and more sociable in contrast to other body languages. 4．你如果身体弱，可能有易感冒的倾向。 You may have a tendency to catch a cold easily if you are weak. 5．托尼觉得试图说服他妹妹不需要减肥是没有用的。 Tony feels it no use trying to persuade his sister that she doesn't need to lose weight. 【综合能力提升练】 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共10分) (2025·山东省百师联考高二上期中)When traveling to foreign countries, mastering the art of body language is key for perfect travel experience.As a body language expert, it's easy for me to see how we communicate with those around us without even saying a word. I especially believe the importance of the universal language of body talk.At most times when traveling abroad, it is the only way that connects every human being, no matter the geographic location.A simple custom or sign of respect is vital to understand before taking flight to your desired destination. For example, it is customary to simply eat the food that you have before you when we are out at a business lunch.In Asian customs, business lunches are strict.Finishing your plate or eating most of the food you ordered is considered rude in Asian culture. “Body language teaches us everything about a person，” says Benjamin Wey, a professor at two European universities.“My professional career would be entirely different if it were not for body language and my understanding of it.” Frequently visiting both Europe and the US, Wey has come to understand that internationally, our ability to actively respect cultural customs becomes the currency within business.One key element that Wey has taken away from his travels abroad is “that all people want to be treated with respect.” So, show your respect—and learn more about the local customs and traditions or the spots on your route.Gather an understanding of what gestures or expressions are considered useful, and avoid those that may be offensive to your new friends. Though we started with one language in common­body language, the cultures of the world have evolved (演化).It is important to be able to identify and appreciate these differences; it will make our world smaller as a result. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文，讲述掌握肢体语言艺术是获得完美旅行体验的关键，同时旅行者要尊重当地的风俗习惯。 1．Why does the author think body language is important? A．It makes different cultures getting more alike. B．It can effectively show your respect to others. C．It allows us to connect with people anywhere. D．It replaces the need for verbal communication. 解析： 选C。细节理解题。第二段叙述，我尤其相信肢体语言的重要性。多数时候在国外旅行时，无论地理位置如何，它是连接每个人的唯一方式。由此可知，作者认为肢体语言重要，因为它让我们在任何地方都能与人交流。 2．What does the passage advise travelers to do to improve their travel experience? A．Avoid making any gestures at all. B．Finish the food you order in the plate. C．Learn to use the local language fluently. D．Show respect by following local customs. 解析：选D。细节理解题。第二段最后一句表达，在飞往您想去的目的地之前，理解一个简单的习俗或表示尊重的手势至关重要。第三段举例说明；第四段引用 Benjamin Wey教授的表达加以证明；第五段总结说要表现出你的尊重——多了解一些当地的风俗习惯或者旅行中的景点。由此可知，这篇文章建议旅行者遵循当地风俗来表示尊重，以提升他们的旅行体验。 3．What does the underlined word “offensive” mean in Paragraph 5? A．Rude. B．Similar. C．Awesome. D．Practical. 解析：选A。词义猜测题。该句表达，了解哪些手势或表情被认为是有用的，同时避免那些可能对你的新朋友 offensive的手势或表情。与 useful相对应， avoid 避免的应是负面词汇。由此推断， offensive 意为“冒犯的；无理的”。 4．What is the best title of the text? A．Cross­cultural Body Language B．The Traditional Cuisine Culture C．A Perfect Travel Experience Abroad D．A Good Way to Learn Foreign Cultures 解析： 选A。主旨大意题。文章首段提出话题，掌握肢体语言的艺术是获得完美旅行体验的关键。下文叙述，旅行者要尊重当地风俗习惯。最后一段总结，虽然我们一开始只有一种共同的语言，肢体语言，但是世界文化已经演变了。重要的是能够识别和理解这些差异；这将使我们的世界变得更小。由此推断“跨文化肢体语言”与文本内容一致，适合作文章标题。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2025·广东广州期末) How Body Language Can Help Your Career Many businessmen often underestimate the importance of nonverbal communication—which is often half the message.1( ) Imagine how much more effective your next meeting with your boss could be if only you give your nonverbal communication a little attention.These four tips can help you avoid that common mistake so you can use your body language to gain an advantage in your career. Triple Nod to Show You're Engaged 2( ) One way you can do this non­verbally is to use the triple head nod.Three quick, small nods in a row is the nonverbal sign for “tell me more” or “I hear you, explain.” It is a great way to show that you are interested and involved. Don't Underestimate the Power of the Hands Our hands speak volumes about who we are.Our brain pays attention to hands more than any other body part because we have evolved to look at them as a safety tool to make sure people won't attack us.Whenever you have meetings, keep your hands above the table.3( ) Stop Using Nervous Behaviors Learn to stop displaying nervous body language so you don't risk appearing anxious or incompetent.The most common behaviors are: wringing hands, rubbing arms, biting lips.4( ) Ask a friend to tell you if they notice you're displaying any of the above behaviors.Once you know what they are, you can take actions to stop them. Mirror Other People Professionals who mirror clients' body language are more successful than those who don't.If you're a fast­talker, slowing down your speech to match the person you're talking to helps put you on the same level.5( ) Copying someone's closed off body language or negative tone will only increase the tension between you. A．Of course, only follow positive behaviors. B．Hold your body in a similar way as they do. C．Show you are interested in the people you speak with. D．Focus on keeping your body there unless you need to use it. E．You'll be able to use the crucial tool for delivering messages. F．Sometimes it can be hard to identify what your signs of anxiety are. G．Most people plan what they will say, but they ignore their body language. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了使用肢体语言的四个技巧，帮助你在职业生涯中获得优势。 1．解析：选G。上文“Many businessmen often underestimate the importance of nonverbal communication—which is often half the message.”讲到商人在说话时往往只注重说什么而忽略了肢体语言，下文“Imagine how much more effective your next meeting with your boss could be if only you give your nonverbal communication a little attention.”建议人们要注意肢体语言，该空应承接上下文指出人们会忽视肢体语言这一事实，G项“大多数人计划好要说什么，但他们忽略了自己的肢体语言。”切合语境。故选G项。 2．解析：选C。由小标题“Triple Nod to Show You're Engaged”和下文“Three quick, small nods in a row is the nonverbal sign for ‘tell me more’ or ‘I hear you, explain.’It is a great way to show that you are interested and involved.”可知，上下文强调要通过肢体语言(本段主讲三次点头)展现出对交流对象的兴趣，C项“表明你对与你交谈的人感兴趣。”切合语境。故选C。 3．解析：选E。由小标题“Don't Underestimate the Power of the Hands”和上文“Our hands speak volumes about who we are.Our brain pays attention to hands more than any other body part because we have evolved to look at them as a safety tool to make sure people won't attack us.Whenever you have meetings, keep your hands above the table.”可知，本段强调手部肢体语言的重要性，空前一句说要在开会时保持双手在桌子之上，推断这一空要说明为什么这样做的重要性，E项“你将能够使用这个关键工具来传递信息。”切合语境。故选E。 4．解析：选F。上文“Learn to stop displaying nervous body language so you don't risk appearing anxious or incompetent.The most common behaviors are: wringing hands, rubbing arms, biting lips.”列举了让你看起来焦虑或无能的紧张的肢体语言，下文“Ask a friend to tell you if they notice you're displaying any of the above behaviors.Once you know what they are, you can take actions to stop them.”讲到要让朋友告诉你你是否有这些紧张情绪表现，且一旦知道这些行为，就可以采取措施去阻止它们，因此该空内容与需要能够识别出这些会让人感到焦虑或无能的行为有关，F项“有时很难识别你表现出哪些焦虑的信号。”切合语境，突出表明自己难以识别，引出下文讲请朋友帮忙识别。故选F。 5．解析：选A。与下文“Copying someone's closed off body language or negative tone will only increase the tension between you.” 形成对比，结合上文“If you're a fast­talker, slowing down your speech to match the person you're talking to helps put you on the same level.”可知，该段旨在说明模仿只应该针对正面的行为，A项“当然，只模仿积极的行为。”切合语境。故选A。 Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) (2025·浙江高二上期中)“You've lost 60% of your hearing in your right ear and it's permanent (永久的).” “What？！” I stared at the doctor.So he 1 himself, louder this time.He thought I couldn't 2 him, but I had.I was just in 3 ．How had this happened? How am I supposed to live my life with one ear? I burst out 4 ． Right before Thanksgiving 2023, I got what I thought was a 5 head cold.No pain, No cough.It just made my right ear feel as if it was underwater.I told people to “talk to my 6 ear.” I figured it would resolve on its own 7 ． It didn't.One month went by, then two, and I 8 couldn't hear well, but I didn't get it 9 ．It wasn't until the end of January, when I went to an ear, nose and throat (ENT) doctor for an unrelated issue, that I thought to 10 it.As soon as I did, the doctor looked at me in alarm and told me to make a(n) 11 for a hearing test the next day.After much testing, I was 12 as having SSHL, a medical term for “I suddenly lost my hearing for no apparent reason.” A month later, I was fitted with my new hearing 13 ．I hadn't realized how much I was 14 with my damaged hearing until the moment it was given back to me.I burst into happy tears.I was so grateful for all the medical 15 and technology that gave me back my hearing. [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者突然右耳失聪，最终在医生的帮助下恢复了听力的故事。 1． A．introduced B．excused C．bent D．repeated 解析：选D。根据前文“You've lost 60% of your hearing in your right ear and it's permanent(永久的).”和后文“himself, louder this time”可知，医生在重复他前面说过的话。故选D。 2． A．hear B．see C．understand D．accept 解析：选A。根据前文“He thought I couldn't”和后文“him, but I had”可知，医生认为作者听不见他说的话。故选A。 3． A．amazement B．trouble C．shock D．fear 解析：选C。根据后文“How had this happened? How am I supposed to live my life with one ear？”可知，作者疑问这是怎么发生的，并担忧自己怎么用一只耳朵生活，由此推知，作者此时是震惊的。故选C。 4． A．crying B．laughing C．running D．cheering 解析：选A。根据前文“How had this happened? How am I supposed to live my life with one ear？”可知，作者疑问这是怎么发生的，并担忧自己怎么用一只耳朵生活，由此推知，作者此时很伤心，突然大哭起来。故选A。 5． A．critical B．minor C．awesome D．painful 解析：选B。根据后文“head cold.No pain, No cough.”可知，没有疼痛，没有咳嗽，由此推知，作者认为自己得了轻微的感冒。故选B。 6． A．.right B．nice C．left D．poor 解析：选C。根据前文“You've lost 60% of your hearing in your right ear and it's permanent(永久的).”和“It just made my right ear feel as if it was underwater.”可知，作者感觉自己的右耳好像在水下，作者的右耳失去了听力，因此别人说话时，作者只能用健康的左耳听。故选C。 7． A．permanently B．fortunately C．eventually D．hopefully 解析：选C。根据前文“I figured it would resolve on its own”和后文“It didn't.One month went by, then two, and I 8 couldn't hear well”可知，作者认为听力问题最终会自行解决，但是并没有。故选C。 8． A．even B．still C．yet D．already 解析：选B。根据后文“couldn't hear well”可知，作者仍然听不清楚。在否定句中，still位于否定词之前，强调状态的未改变；而yet位于否定词之后，强调某事尚未发生或尚未完成。此处强调作者听不清楚的状态未改变。故选B。 9． A．checked out B．lifted up C．looked into D．brought about 解析：选A。根据后文“It wasn't until the end of January, when I went to an ear, nose and throat (ENT) doctor for an unrelated issue, that I thought to 10 it.”可知，直到一月底，当我因为一个不相关的问题去看耳鼻喉科医生时，我才想到要提到自己的听力问题，由此推知，之前作者并没有去检查(check out)耳朵。lift up“抬起；举起”；look into“考查，调查；浏览翻阅”；bring about“导致”。故选A。 10．A．explain B．warn C．investigate D．mention 解析：选D。根据前文“when I went to an ear, nose and throat (ENT) doctor for an unrelated issue, that I thought to”和后文“it”可知，作者去看医生的时候，顺便提到了自己的听力问题。故选D。 11．A．break B．appointment C．preparation D．survey 解析：选B。根据后文“for a hearing test the next day”可知，医生为作者预约了第二天的听力测试。故选B。 12．A．interpreted B．labelled C．predicted D．identified 解析：选D。根据后文“as having SSHL, a medical term for ‘I suddenly lost my hearing for no apparent reason’”可知，作者被诊断为SSHL。故选D。 13．A．ability B．aid C．relief D．wear 解析：选B。根据前文“I was fitted with my new hearing”和后文“I hadn't realized how much I was 14 with my damaged hearing until the moment it was given back to me.”可知，作者听力恢复了，由此推知，作者戴上了新的助听器。故选B。 14．A．dealing B．struggling C．missing D．enjoying 解析：选C。根据后文“with my damaged hearing until the moment it was given back to me”可知，戴上助听器，直到听力恢复的那一刻，作者才意识到自己失去了多少。故选C。 15．A．professionals B．insurance C．sensors D．knowledge 解析：选A。根据后文“that gave me back my hearing”可知，作者恢复了听力，由此推知，作者很感谢医疗专家和技术。故选A。 Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2025·贵州毕节高二上期中)Body language is used by people for sending messages to one another, 1 can help you make yourself easily 2 (understand).When you are talking with others, you have a 3 (tend) to use gestures.For example, waving one's hand 4 (be) to say “Goodbye”．Nodding the head means agreement, but shaking the head means disagreement. 5 (apparent) different countries use different body language.For example, a kiss is used by men in Russia, France and Arab countries when they meet, but men in China or Australia shake hands instead of kissing.If you touch an English person, you should say “Sorry”．People in Arab countries like standing close to one another when they are talking, but English people must keep 6 distance away when they are talking.In some Asian countries, you must not touch the head of another person. When you use a foreign language, it is very important 7 (know) the meanings of body language in the foreign country.8 (follow) the customs will help you communicate 9 people and make your stay there much more pleasant and 10 (comfort). [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了肢体语言的作用以及不同国家中不同的肢体语言习惯。 1．解析：which。考查定语从句。句意：肢体语言被人们用来互相传递信息，这可以帮助你使自己更容易被理解。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，从句中缺少主语，故用关系代词which引导。故填which。 2．解析：understood。考查非谓语动词。句意见上题。此处为make＋宾语＋宾补结构，yourself与understand之间构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。故填understood。 3．解析：tendency。考查名词。句意：当你和别人交谈时，你有使用手势的倾向。根据空前have a可知，空处需填名词单数作宾语，tendency作名词，表示“倾向”，符合句意。故填tendency。 4．解析：is。考查主谓一致。句意：例如，挥手是说“再见”。空处作谓语动词，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为动名词短语，谓语用单数。故填is。 5．解析：Apparently。考查副词。句意：显然不同的国家使用不同的肢体语言。空处需填副词作状语，修饰整个句子，位于句首，首字母大写。故填 Apparently。 6．解析：a。考查冠词。句意：阿拉伯国家的人在交谈时喜欢彼此站得很近，而英国人在交谈时必须保持距离。结合句意表示“保持距离”可知短语为keep a distance。故填a。 7．解析：to know。考查非谓语动词。句意：当你使用一门外语时，了解这个国家的肢体语言是非常重要的。此处为句型it＋be＋adj.＋to do sth，不定式作真正主语，it为形式主语。故填to know。 8．解析：Following。考查非谓语动词。句意：遵守习俗将有助于你与人交流，使你住得更愉快更舒适。作句子的主语，follow应用动名词形式，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Following。 9．解析：with。考查介词。句意见上题。communicate with sb表示“和某人交流”。故填with。 10．解析：comfortable。考查形容词$