unit 5 Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking-【正禾一本通】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修1同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（人教版）

该高中英语课件围绕“科学研究之伟大成就”主题，以袁隆平“使所有人免于饥饿”的名言导入，系统呈现杂交水稻相关词汇（如hybrid, yield）及语篇知识，帮助学生在主题语境中构建语言知识框架。 其亮点在于通过“篇章助读·疑难点拨”解析核心词汇用法（如devote...to...），结合文化意识培育家国情怀，提升语言能力和思维品质。采用分层练习设计，学生能夯实基础并拓展应用，教师可高效开展词汇教学与主题探究。

My lifelong pursuit is to keep all the people away from hunger. —Yuan Longping 使所有的人免于饥饿是我毕生的追求。 ——袁隆平 WORKING THE LAND 主题语境：人与社会——科学研究之伟大成就 UNIT 5 更多模板请关注：https://haosc.taobao.com 1 ①hybrid n．杂交植(动)物；合成物；混合动力车 hybrid rice 杂交水稻 ②consider sb/sth (to be)＋n.认为……是某物 ③devote vt.把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于 devote...to...把……用于； 献身；致力；专心 ④shortage n．不足； 缺少；短缺 ⑤tackle vt.解决(难题)；应付(局面)；处理 ⑥crisis n．危机； 危急关头(pl.crises) ⑦choose(chose; chosen) vt.选择 choose to do sth 选择做某事 ⑧boost vt.使增长；使兴旺n.增长；提高；激励 ⑨yield n．产量；产出 vt.出产(作物)；产生(收益、效益等) vi.屈服；让步 ⑩convince vt.使相信；使确信；说服 convinced adj.确信的； 确定的 ⑪cross n．混合物； 杂交品种 ⑫characteristic n．特征；特点； 品质adj.典型的；独特的 ⑬attain vt.(通常经过努力)获得；得到；达到(某年龄、水平、状况) ⑭conventional adj.传统的；习惯的 ⑮self­pollinating adj.自花传粉的 ⑯assumption n．假定； 设定；(责任的)承担；(权力的)获得 ⑰intense adj.热切的；十分强烈的；激烈的 ⑱overcome (overcame, overcome) vt.克服； 解决； 战胜 ⑲expand v．扩大；增加；扩展；发展(业务) ⑳output n．产量；输出；输出量 vt.(output, output) 输出 ㉑estimate vt./n.估计；估价；估算 ㉒domestic adj.本国的；国内的；家用的；家庭的 ㉓consumption n．消耗；消耗量；消费 ㉔comprise vt.包括；包含；由……组成 be comprised of...包括；包含；由……组成(或构成) ㉕generate vt.产生；引起 ㉖strain n．(动、植物的)系；品种；拉伤；压力 ㉗leisure n．闲暇； 休闲； 空闲 ㉘deep down 在内心深处；本质上；实际上 ㉙soil n．泥土；土壤；国土；领土 ㉚celebrity n．名望；名誉；名人；名流 ㉛fulfil one's dream实现某人的梦想 ㉜envision vt.展望；想象 ㉝sorghum n．高粱；高粱米 ㉞broom n．扫把； 扫帚；金雀花 ㉟grain n．谷物；谷粒；颗粒 ㊱at home and abroad国内外 ㊲vision n．想象；视力；视野；影像 ㊳reality n．现实；实际情况；事实 ㊴open up 开辟； 打开 ㊵salty adj.含盐的；咸的 课后分层练 13 获取更多资源 请关注微信公众号“正禾一本通” 更多模板请关注：https://haosc.taobao.com 95 Xiaohe grew up watching her grandfather, a hard­working farmer, tackle the challenges of working the land.Despite facing poverty and occasional crises like poor weather, he never gave up.He taught Xiaohe the importance of healthy soil and how to boost its fertility using organic methods instead of relying on chemicals.He believed that minerals and natural nutrients were essential for a good yield.Through intense effort, he managed to overcome difficulties and attain a sustainable farm.His fields now comprise a variety of crops, generating both food and income.Xiaohe learned to digest his wisdom, understanding that the roots of success lie in patience and respect for nature. Reading and Thinking Section Ⅰ Step One　Lead­in Do you know anything about Yuan Longping? Yuan Longping was a Chinese scientist known as the “father of hybrid rice.” He developed the world's first high­yielding hybrid rice strain in 1973, which significantly increased rice production.His work helped feed nearly one­fifth of the world's population with less than 9% of the world's cultivable land. Step Two　Read for the main idea 1．Match the main idea with each part. Part 1 (Para.1) A.Yuan's ongoing ability to fulfill his dreams. Part 2 (Paras.2－4) B.Yuan's attitude towards life, celebrity and wealth. Part 3 (Para.5) C.A brief introduction to Yuan Longping. Part 4 (Para.6) D.Yuan's personal life and his scientific achievements. 答案：1～4　CDBA 2．What's the main idea of the text? A．Ways to increase the rice output. B．Yuan Longping's dreams. C．Yuan Longping's super hybrid rice. D．Yuan Longping—an agricultural pioneer. √ Step Three　Read for details Ⅰ.Read Para.1 carefully and do the following exercise. Why did Yuan Longping consider himself a farmer? A．He was born in a farming family. B．He was known as the “father of hybrid rice”． C．He was educated at an agricultural college. D．He continually worked the land in his research. √ Ⅱ.Read Paras.2－4 carefully and do the following exercises. 1．Why did Yuan decide to study agriculture? 2．What is the main advantage of hybrid crops? The main advantage of hybrid crops is that ． He wanted to deal with the crisis of food shortage. they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops 3．How has Yuan's work helped China and other countries? A．Yuan donated his rice to farmers at home and abroad. B．Yuan helped farmers at home and abroad study agriculture. C．It helped farmers produce more rice to feed the world. D．It helped farmers make a lot of money. √ Ⅲ.Read Paras.5－6 carefully and do the following exercises. 1．What was Yuan Longping's attitude towards celebrity and money? 2．What does the word “envisioned” mean in Paragraph 6? A．Saw. B．Heard. C．Touched. D．Imagined. He was not interested in celebrity or money. √ 3．What can we know from Paragraph 6? A．Yuan enjoyed his life of leisure in his later years. B．Yuan received many awards both in China and abroad. C．Yuan's seawater rice became a reality. D．Yuan dreamed to plant hybrid rice in India and Vietnam. √ Step Four　Consolidation Discuss the following questions with your partners and present your answer to the class. 1．What should we learn from great scientists like Yuan Longping? 2．If you had the chance to do something to help end hunger in the world, what would you do? Your presentation： We should learn the spirit of perseverance, innovation, and commitment from them.Yuan Longping's devotion to improving food security through hybrid rice teaches us the importance of using knowledge to benefit humans.If I had the chance to help end hunger, I would promote sustainable farming practices and support education in agriculture.By equipping farmers with modern techniques and raising awareness of reducing food waste, we can work together to create a world where no one goes hungry. A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLE Yuan Longping, known as the “father of hybrid rice①”， was one of China's most famous scientists.Yet, he considered himself a farmer ② because he continually worked the land in his research.[1]Indeed, his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to whom he had devoted③ his life. [1]是复合句。句中that为代词， 指代本句中的body; to whom为“介词＋关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句， 先行词是farmers, 关系代词whom在从句中作介词to的宾语。 Yuan Longping was born in 1930 in Beijing.His parents wanted him to pursue a career in science or medicine.[2]However, what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage④ of food to eat.To tackle⑤ this crisis⑥， he chose⑦ to study agriculture and received an education at Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing. [2]是复合句。句中what引导主语从句； that引导表语从句， 在表语从句中， and连接两个并列谓语。 After graduating in 1953, he worked as a researcher.Yuan Longping realised that larger fields were not the solution.Instead, farmers needed to boost⑧ yields⑨ in the fields they had.How this could be done was a challenging question at the time.Yuan was convinced⑩ that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice.A hybrid is a cross⑪ between two or more varieties of a species.One characteristic⑫ of hybrids is that they usually attain⑬ a higher yield than conventional⑭ crops.[3]However, whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of self­pollinating⑮ plants such as rice was a matter of great debate.The common assumption⑯ then was that it could not be done.Through intense⑰ effort, Yuan overcame⑱ enormous technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming in 1974.This hybrid enabled farmers to expand⑲ their output⑳ greatly. [3]是复合句。whether引导主语从句， it was possible to...为it作形式主语的句型。 [4]Today, it is estimated㉑ that about 60 percent of domestic㉒ rice consumption㉓ in China is comprised of㉔ crops generated㉕ from Yuan's hybrid strains㉖, and his strains have allowed China's farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year.Yuan's innovation has helped feed not just China, but many other countries that depend on rice as well, such as India and Vietnam.Because of his invaluable contributions, Yuan Longping received numerous awards both in China and abroad. [4]是固定句型： it is＋过去分词＋that“据……”， 其中it是形式主语， that 引导的主语从句是真正的主语， that从句中包含了两个由and连接的并列句。 Given that Yuan's hybrids made him quite wealthy, one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure㉗.However, this is far from the case.Deep down㉘, Yuan was still very much a farmer at heart.As a man of the soil㉙, he cared little for celebrity㉚ or money.Instead, he made large donations to support agricultural research. [5]What impressed people most about Yuan Longping was his ongoing ability to fulfil his dreams㉛.Long ago, he envisioned㉜ rice plants as tall as sorghum㉝, with each ear of rice as big as a broom㉞, and each grain㉟ of rice as huge as a peanut.He succeeded in producing a kind of rice that could feed more people at home and abroad㊱.His later vision㊲ for “seawater rice” also became a reality㊳, and potentially opened up㊴ nearly one million square kilometres of salty㊵land in China for rice production.Even in his later years, Yuan Longping was still young at heart and full of vision, and everyone was always excited to see what he would dream up next. [5]是复合句。What引导主语从句， 且在主语从句中作主语， to fulfil his dreams为不定式短语作后置定语修饰抽象名词ability。 造福全人类的开拓者 被誉为“杂交水稻之父”的袁隆平是中国最著名的科学家之一。然而，他把自己看作一位农民，因为在研究过程中他一直在土地里耕作。确实，他瘦削但结实的身躯，与其为之奉献一生的千千万万的中国农民无异。 袁隆平1930年出生于北京。他的父母希望他从事科学或医学职业，然而，他最担心的是农民经常粮食歉收，有时甚至出现严重的食物短缺。为了应对这一危机，他选择学习农业，在位于重庆的西南农学院接受教育。 1953年大学毕业后，他成为一名科研人员。袁隆平意识到，解决问题的办法并不是扩大农田面积，而是农民们需要提高他们已有土地上农作物的产量。如何实现这一目标成为当时一个颇具挑战性的问题。袁隆平确信答案可以在杂交水稻的培育中找到。杂交指的是两个或者两个以上品种的交叉。杂交作物的一个特点就是它们通常能获得比传统作物更高的产量。然而，是否可能开发出水稻等自花授粉作物的杂交品种，仍众说纷纭。当时普遍认为这是不可能实现的。历尽千辛万苦，袁隆平攻克了艰巨的技术难题，在1974年开发出了可用于耕作的第一代杂交水稻。这种杂交水稻极大地提高了农民的产量。 据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物，这些品种(形成的作物)让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。袁隆平的创新不仅养活了中国，也养活了以稻米为主食的许多其他国家，如印度和越南。袁隆平凭其不可估量的贡献，在国内外获奖无数。 鉴于袁隆平因开发杂交水稻而变得相当富有，有人会认为他会退休享受悠闲的生活。但是，事实远非如此，实际上，袁隆平在内心深处仍然是一位农民。身为土地之子，他不在乎名利，反而捐赠巨资支持农业研究。 袁隆平给人们印象最深的是他不断实现梦想的能力。很早以前，他就设想水稻长得与高粱一样高，每支稻穗与扫帚一样大，每粒稻米与花生一样饱满。他成功培育出能够养活海内外更多人的水稻品种。他晚年的“海水稻”愿景也已经成为现实，有望在中国开辟近100万平方千米的盐碱地用于水稻生产。在袁隆平晚年的时候，他仍然保持年轻的心态，而且满怀憧憬，大家都期待他的下一个不同寻常的想法。 devote vt.把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于(联想：devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的 devotion n．奉献；关爱) 【教材原句】　Indeed, his slim but strong body is just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to whom he had devoted his life. 确实，他瘦削但结实的身躯，与其为之奉献一生的千千万万的中国农民无异。 devote...to (doing) sth 把(时间、精力或注意力)投入、用于(做)某事 devote oneself to＝be devoted to 献身于；专心致力于(to是介词) 【佳句必背】　I still remember what you have devoted to improving my oral English and writing skills.(应用文之感谢信) 我仍然记得你为提高我的英语口语和写作技能所付出的努力。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①Now, she is a model and performance artist (devote) to ocean conservation. ②He devoted all his energy to (learn) and his hard work paid off. devoted learning 【写成佳句】　同义句转换 ③The young lady devotes herself to teaching the deaf children，so she has little time to care for her own daughter. → the deaf children，the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.(现在分词短语作状语) → the deaf children，the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.(过去分词短语作状语) Devoting herself to teaching Devoted to teaching convince vt.使相信；使确信；说服(联想：convincing adj.令人信服的；有说服力的 convinced adj.确信的；信服的) 【教材原句】　Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice. 袁隆平确信答案可以在杂交水稻的培育中找到。 (1)convince sb of sth 使某人相信某事 convince sb to do sth 说服某人做某事 convince sb that... 使某人确信…… (2)be convinced of sth/that... 确信…… 【佳句必背】　I am greatly convinced that I am qualified for this job and I will try my best to perform my duties if I am lucky enough to get the position.(应用文之申请信) 我深信我能胜任这份工作，如果有幸得到这个职位，我将尽最大努力履行职责。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)My teacher convinced me (take) up the challenge so I decided to participate in the writing competition. ②You'll need to convince them your enthusiasm for the job. ③There is (convince) evidence of a link between exposure to sun and skin cancer. to take of convincing 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④(读后续写之主旨升华)我坚信诚实的重要性，诚实有助于构建一个温暖和谐的社会。 the significance of honesty，which will contribute to building a warm and harmonious society. I'm firmly convinced of assumption n．假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权利的)获得(联想：assume v．假定；设想；承担；假装 assuming conj.假设……为真；假如 assumed adj.假定的；假设的) 【教材原句】　The common assumption then was that it could not be done. 当时普遍认为这是不可能实现的。 (1)on the assumption that... 假定…… make an assumption 作出臆断 (2)It is assumed that... 人们认为…… (3)assuming (that)... 假设…… (4)assumed name 化名 【佳句必背】　On the assumption that/Assuming that I am chosen to be chairman of the Student Union，I will organize more colorful after­class activities to enrich our school life.(应用文之申请信) 假如我被选为学生会主席，我将组织更多丰富多彩的课外活动以充实我们的学校生活。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)However, for maximizing learning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn't _____(assumption) all media are the same, even when they contain identical words. ②We make assumption that everyone invited will turn up at the party and is making preparations. assume an 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ③(读后续写之语言描写)“假设你对自己的课程保持着强烈的兴趣，你无疑将能够把你的梦想变成现实。”老师们反复告诉他们。 “ ，you will undoubtedly be able to turn your dream into reality，” the teachers have told them repeatedly. Assuming you maintain an intense interest in your lessons overcome vt.(overcame，overcome)克服；解决；战胜 【教材原句】　Through intense effort, Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming in 1974. 历尽千辛万苦，袁隆平攻克了艰巨的技术难题，在1974年开发出了可用于耕作的第一代杂交水稻。 overcome the enemy 战胜敌人 overcome difficulties/obstacles/problems/resistance 克服困难/克服障碍/解决难题/克服阻力 be overcome by joy/curiosity 受喜悦/好奇心驱使 【佳句必背】　Since most students encounter such difficulties in English learning very frequently, they are anxious to know how to overcome them.(应用文之邀请信) 因为大多数学生频繁遇到这类困难，他们都急于知道如何克服这些困难。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ① (overcome) by great joy，they hugged together firmly as if they would never separate again. ②I took pride in myself because I (overcome) myself.I came to realize that where there's a will, there is a way. ③Once the difficulty (overcome)，the project will go smoothly and we will finish it on time. Overcome overcame is overcome 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④(读后续写之人物描写)她凭借巨大的勇气和出色的专业技能，克服重重困难，最终赢得了比赛。 It is with great courage and outstanding professional skills that she and finally won the competition. overcame all the difficulties expand vt.& vi.扩大；增加(尺码、数量或重要性) vt.扩展；发展(业务) vi.详述(联想：expansion n．扩大，增加) 【教材原句】　This hybrid enabled farmers to expand their output greatly. 这种杂交水稻极大地提高了农民的产量。 expand one's horizons 开阔眼界 expand one's knowledge 拓宽知识面 expand one's vocabulary 扩大词汇量 expand the business 扩展业务 expand...into... 把……扩展/发展成…… expand on 详细阐述；进一步说明 【佳句必背】　What matters most is the opportunity to expand my horizons as well as make more new friends.(应用文之建议信) 最重要的是开阔视野和结交更多新朋友的机会。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①Plans (expand) the company have had to be quietly left hanging. ②I am quite satisfied with your explanation, so there's no need to expand it. ③All of these activities contributed to a great age of (expand) as trade and cultural exchanges gave people access to new goods, knowledge and ideas. to expand on expansion 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④(读后续写之动作描写)通过不断努力，他的工作室发展为一家大公司了。 Through continuous effort，his studio ． was expanded into a big company estimate vt.估计；估价；估算 n．估计；估算(联想：estimated adj.估计的；预计的 estimation n．估计；评价 underestimate v．低估 overestimate v．高估) 【教材原句】　Today, it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan's hybrid strains, and his strains have allowed China's farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year. 据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物，这些品种(形成的作物)让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。 (1)a rough estimate of sth 对……的粗略估算 a conservative estimate 保守估计 (2)It is estimated that... 据估算…… be estimated to do sth 据估计会做某事 【佳句必背】　They estimate that the journey will take at least two weeks, considering the distance, potential weather conditions, and the need for rest stops along the way.(读后续写之动作描写) 考虑到距离、可能的天气状况以及沿途需要休息的情况，他们估计这次旅行至少需要两周时间。 is estimated 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①It is difficult (estimate) how many animals lost their lives in the forest fire. ②(2022·全国甲卷) The total value of the lost items is estimated (exceed) $1 billion. ③I can give you a rough estimate the amount of wood you will need. ④It (estimate) that the project will last four years，facing challenges like funding. to estimate to exceed of that 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ⑤据估计，过去十年中这一濒危物种的数量下降了30%。 The population of the endangered species in the last decade. ⑥如今，人们一年四季都在吃盐水鸭，据估计在南京每天有几万只鸭子被吃掉！ Nowadays，people eat salted duck all year round and tens of thousands of ducks are consumed in Nanjing every day! is estimated to have dropped by 30% it is estimated comprise vt.包括；包含；由……组成(或构成) 【教材原句】　Today, it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan's hybrid strains, and his strains have allowed China's farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year. 据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物，这些品种(形成的作物)让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。 (1)be comprised/composed of ＝consist of＝be made up of 由……组成 (2)comprise＝include＝contain 包括；包含 【佳句必背】　Groups are comprised of two or more people who come together based on shared interests, goals, or common characteristics.(应用文之报道) 小组由两人或两人以上具有共同兴趣、目标或特点的人组成。 【练透考点】　 单句语法填空 ①The rescue team is comprised eight soldiers and two doctors. ②The coming­of­age ceremony held yesterday (comprise) of three parts—raising the national flag and singing the national anthem, speeches and the closing ceremony. of was comprised 【写成佳句】　一句多译 ③由专家和医务人员组成的医疗小组在地震后不久就抵达了现场。 → experts and medical staff arrived at the scene shortly after the earthquake.(comprise) → experts and medical staff arrived at the scene shortly after the earthquake.(make) → experts and medical staff arrived at the scene shortly after the earthquake.(consist) A medical team comprised of A medical team made up of A medical team consisting of given that 引导状语从句，意为“假如；考虑到；鉴于” 【教材原句】　Given that Yuan's hybrids have made him quite wealthy, one might think he would retire to a life of leisure.鉴于袁隆平因开发杂交水稻而变得相当富有，有人会认为他会退休享受悠闲的生活。 (1)given that引导状语从句，可根据语境意为“考虑到、鉴于、假如、如果、只要、在有……的情况下”，其中that可以省略； (2)其他同义表达有considering(鉴于、考虑到)、supposing(假如)、assuming(假使)、as long as(既然)等。 【佳句必背】　Usually, I am sensitive with money, as I have to be，given that I don't earn that much.(读后续写之心理描写) 考虑到自己挣得不多，我用钱通常比较精打细算，这也是迫不得已。 【写成佳句】　完成句子/一句多译 ①鉴于他们经验不足，他们做得相当不错了。 ，they've done a good job. Given that they're inexperienced contest ②(应用文之建议信)鉴于你要参加中国诗歌朗诵比赛，我想给你提供一些实用的建议。 → ，I'd like to offer you some practical advice. → ，I'd like to offer you some practical advice. → ，I'd like to offer you some practical advice. Given that you will take part in a Chinese poetry reciting contest As long as you will take part in a Chinese poetry reciting contest Considering (that) you will take part in a Chinese poetry reciting A C E 1．boost A．n.激励　B．n.增长　C．n.提高　 D．v.使增长　E．v.促进 ①These changes will help to boost food prices. ②This has given clothing prices a big boost. ③This measure will be a great boost to the economy. ④(2025·八省联考)The researchers noted that light workouts might not give the brain enough of a biochemical boost to improve learning. ⑤(2025·浙江首考)Compared to traditional garden plots, they increase carbon absorption, reduce storm water runoff and boost habitat and biodiversity significantly. D B 2．写出句中加黑单词的词性及汉语意思 ①I will never yield to the temporary difficulties I am facing now. ②(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. v.屈服；让步 n.估计，估算 Ⅰ.单词拼写 Ⅱ.单句语法填空 Ⅲ.完成句子 Ⅳ.课文语法填空 Ⅰ.阅读理解 Ⅱ.完形填空 generate shortages Ⅰ.单词拼写(每小题1分，共10分) 1．In order to (增加) my knowledge of Tianjin, such as its history, tradition and food, I spend every spare moment I have in the library. 2．The construction of China Space Station shows our country has (获得) great success in space science. 3．The wind farm may be able to (产生) enough electricity power for 2，000 homes. 4．Nowadays global water (短缺) are becoming increasingly serious. expand attained leisure output 5．Let me share with you the ancient Chinese (名人) I like best. 6．Family members will gather together and many (传统的) activities will be carried out. 7．We can surely (克服) these difficulties as long as we are closely united. 8．Undoubtedly, smart products make communication convenient and (闲暇) time colourful. 9．(2024·北京卷)There is no point in arguing if the universe is a clock, a set of particles or an (输出) of computation. celebrity conventional overcome 10．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)The reasons relate to a variety of factors, including reduced concentration, an entertainment mindset (心态) and a tendency to multitask while (消耗) digital content. consuming have been devoted shortage Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) 1．No matter what difficulties I meet, I'll gather up my courage (overcome) them. 2．My calculations were based on the (assume) that house prices would remain steady. 3．I found his speech (convince) in which he called on more people to take regular exercise. 4．Some famous artists, including Mr Li, (devote) to Beijing Opera for twenty years. 5．A (short) of medicine and medical workers meant that many soldiers would die without being treated. to overcome assumption convincing boosts conventional 6．The team (comprise) of five students occupy themselves in preparing for the Chinese Speech Competition. 7． (give) that the price is appropriate, we'll buy everything you produce. 8．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Travel promotes understanding, (expand) our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations. 9．(2024·北京卷)In humans, a greatly enlarged brain (boost) self­control, just as it boosts problem­solving skills in the social as well as the physical world. 10．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more (convention) veterinarian. comprised Given expands Ⅲ.完成句子(每小题2分，共10分) 1．我将尽一切努力照顾好我年迈的祖父，因为他把一生中的大部分时间都用来养育两代人。(devote) I will make every effort to take good care of my aged grandfather because he two generations. 2．这不仅会提高中国消费者的福利， 也可以使中国的发展更均衡。 the welfare of China's consumers, but also make China's development more balanced. has devoted most of his life to bringing up Not only will this improve 3．我认为这幅画告诉我们：一个人的理想和现实之间似乎总是有差距的。 I think the picture is telling us that there always seems to be a difference ． 4．考虑到没人帮我们吓走北极熊， 我们只得自救。 the polar bear, we had no alternative but to figure out a way ourselves. 5．我坚信您的建议将有助于我们取得良好的表现，因此我真诚地希望您能够帮助我们。(convince) I sincerely hope you can help us. between one's dream and reality Given that no one helped us frighten away Convinced that your advice will contribute to our good performance, creating higher a generated for later to fulfill Ⅳ.课文语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) Yuan Longping, 1 (know) as the“father of hybrid rice”， considered himself a farmer.When he was young, 2 concerned him most was farmers' 3 (short) of food to eat, so he chose to study agriculture at college.After graduating in 1953, he worked as a researcher and devoted himself to 4 (create) a kind of hybrid rice, which could attain a 5 (high) yield.In 1974, he succeeded in making it 6 reality.Today, about 60% of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops 7 (generate) from his hybrid strains, for which he received numerous awards both in China and abroad.But the humorous old “farmer”， caring little 8 celebrity or money, insisted on living a simple life.Even in his 9 (late) years, he kept trying 10 (fulfill) his dreams of ridding the world of hunger. known what shortage Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2025·安徽合肥检测)In early August, the sandy hills along the coast of La Libertad, in northern Peru, are alive with bluish­purple fruit.The region, thought unsuitable for blueberries just over a decade ago, is now placing Peru at the forefront of the global blueberry market. Alvaro Espinoza, an agricultural engineer, was among the first to experiment with blueberries in Peru 15 years ago, when the fruit was unknown in the country.“People called me crazy，” he recalls.Since then, Peru's blueberry industry has been growing rapidly, from planting only a few hundred acres of blueberries in 2012 to the world's top exporter of fresh blueberries for the last five years. Inspired by the success of their Chilean neighbors, Peruvian entrepreneurs began exploring a local blueberry market in the early 2000s.However, conventional wisdom held that blueberries needed temperatures below 45℉ to thrive, which the Peruvian coast lacks. Peruvian entrepreneur Carlos Gereda, a pioneer in the industry, began travelling to Chile in 2006 to learn about blueberries.On one of his trips, he brought back 14 varieties to test in Peru's desert.It took him two years to find the right one, named Biloxi.With this variety identified, he invested $300 to start a company that became a Peruvian blueberry leader, helping Peru's blueberry industry expand to over 49，000 acres.Today, Peru exports over twice as many blueberries as its nearest competitors, with over half heading to the US, where the country supplies 40% of fresh imports. But last year, this boom faced its first setback.A major heat wave driven by an El Nino event hit northern Peru, severely damaging blueberry crops and causing a 25% drop in production.This experience has accelerated efforts to develop new, genetically improved blueberry varieties that can thrive in even hotter climates.To create these robust varieties, scientists develop new seeds and evaluate them over years to select the best individuals.They aim to create heat­tolerant plants and produce “jumbo” berries—one inch or larger—to meet global demand. [语篇解读]本文是一篇新闻报道。秘鲁蓝莓产业快速增长，成为全球最大出口国，尽管面临气候变化带来的挑战，科学家们正在开发耐热的蓝莓新品种以应对未来的气候变化。 1．Why did people initially think blueberries couldn't grow in Peru? A．The soil was too salty for blueberries. B．The climate was thought to be unsuitable. C．Peru lacked the right equipment for farming. D．Blueberries were unknown to people in the country. 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“However, conventional wisdom held that blueberries needed temperatures below 45℉ to thrive, which the Peruvian coast lacks.”可知，人们最初认为蓝莓不能在秘鲁生长是因为人们认为气候不适宜。故选B。 √ 2．How did Carlos Gerda contribute to Peru's blueberry industry? A．He promoted Pera's blueberries in global markets. B．He found a suitable blueberry variety for Peruvian climate. C．He carried out researches into blueberry farming in the US. D．He created heat­tolerant plants and produced “jumbo” berries. 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第四段中的可知，Carlos Gereda找到了适合秘鲁气候的蓝莓品种，为秘鲁蓝莓产业做出了贡献。故选B。 √ 3．What major challenge did Peru's blueberry industry face last year? A．A shortage of new blueberry varieties. B．A new competitor entering the market. C．Unusually hot temperature reducing the blueberry output. D．A significant decrease in global demand for fresh blueberries. 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的第一、二句可知，去年异常高温导致蓝莓产量下降。故选C。 √ 4．What does the underlined word “robust” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Fast­growing. B．Good­quality. C．High in demand. D．Strong and adaptable. √ 解析：选D。词句猜测题。根据最后一段中可知，这里指的是能够在极端气候条件下生长并且恢复的能力，即强大且具有适应性的植物。因此，robust意思是“健壮的，适应性强的”，与选项D“Strong and adaptable (强壮且适应性强)”意思相符。故选D。 B (2025·福建宁德检测)From Scotland to Cornwall, an organic, regenerative collective of the UK farmers is looking to pair up with sustainable businesses that need access to land and tools.Pitch Up！was founded in 2021 by Tim May, of Kingsclere Estates farm in Hampshire．It offers land, resources and expertise to businesses with big ideas for sustainable projects—in other words, “no gear (设备), all the ideas”．The idea is to replicate nature's “closed loop” system, with waste being reused to create a thriving circular farming community. “Our goal is to have a diverse mix of enterprises all operating off the land—using each other's by­products or waste, and sharing knowledge, equipment and experience，” says May.“Nature thrives on diversity; it also fuels economic resilience, helps create a closed­loop system, and builds stronger rural communities.As farmers, we have an abundance of land and natural resources, and we want to share those resources and bring more people on to the land.” Pitch Up！has already helped to launch a handful of businesses.Balcaskie Estate covers 2，000 hectares of land in Fife, Scotland, and has hosted markets, a butchery, and pop­ups by Scotland The Bread, an organisation that works to get more people eating better bread. Rosie Jack, Balcaskie's business development manager, says, “We know that there's a real demand for rural land so our message is, ‘We have land, come and use it！’ We really do welcome approaches from businesses of all shapes and sizes.” This year, the Pitch Up！farming collective is keen to hear from entrepreneurs who want to use pasture land, organic milk, oats and grain, animal hides, woad, wool and even hedgerows for foraging. “We are looking for sustainable businesses at all stages of the business life cycle, but particularly those that have an idea of how they can fit into the circular systems in place at a Pitch Up！farm，” says May.“It might be a cheese maker for example, who can add value by using the organic milk from the mobile dairy business here.” [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国一个名为Pitch Up！的有机再生农业集体，它为可持续发展企业提供土地等资源，旨在打造多元化合作的循环农业社区，并已取得一定成果。 5．What does Pitch Up！offer to sustainable businesses? A．Organic food. B．Farming resources. C．Money and staff. D．Tools and workers. 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第一段可知，Pitch Up！为可持续发展企业提供农业资源。故选B。 √ 6．What's May's vision for Pitch Up！？ A．A single big company. B．More land for farming. C．Only eco­friendly farms. D．Various businesses working together. 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第二段中May的话可知，May对Pitch Up！的愿景是让各种企业共同合作。故选D项。 √ 7．Why was Balcaskie Estate mentioned in the text? A．For selling land. B．Due to program failure. C．For bread promotion. D．As a successful case of Pitch Up! √ 解析：选D。推理判断题。根据第三段“Pitch Up！has already helped to launch a handful of businesses.Balcaskie Estate covers 2，000 hectares of land in Fife, Scotland, and has hosted markets, a butchery, and pop­ups by Scotland The Bread, an organisation that works to get more people eating better bread.”可知，提到Balcaskie Estate是作为Pitch Up！成功帮助企业发展的一个案例。故选D。 8．What does May want to convey in the last paragraph? A．Cooperation expectation. B．The importance of circular systems. C．A demand for a cheese maker. D．Value of Pitch Up! 解析：选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段中May的话可推知，May在传达对合作的期待。故选A项。 √ Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) The Scientific Contributions of Marie Curie Marie Curie was a pioneering scientist whose research in the field of radioactivity 1 the way for numerous scientific advancements. 2 facing significant challenges as a woman in a male­dominated field, Curie became the first person ever to win two Nobel Prizes in different scientific 3 —physics and chemistry. Curie's interest in science began at a young age, but 4 the restrictions placed on women in Poland at the time, she was unable to 5 higher education in her home country.Determined to follow her 6 ， she moved to Paris in 1891 to study at the prestigious (有声望的) Sorbonne University.There, she earned degrees 7 physics and mathematics and met her future husband and research partner, Pierre Curie. Together, the Curies conducted 8 research on radioactivity, a term that Marie Curie herself 9 ．In 1898, they discovered two new radioactive elements, polonium—named after Marie's native country Poland—and radium. Following Pierre's untimely death in 1906, Marie continued her research, eventually 10 pure radium metal in 1910.For this achievement, she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1911, making her the first person to win two Nobel Prizes.Her discoveries had significant practical applications, 11 in the field of medicine. In addition to her scientific contributions, Marie Curie was a trailblazer (先驱) for women in science.At a time when women were often 12 from academic and scientific institutions, Curie broke barriers and became the first female professor at the Sorbonne.Her perseverance, 13 ， and passion for discovery continue to inspire generations of scientists, especially women in STEM fields.Despite the personal 14 she made—such as the health problems she suffered because of prolonged exposure to radiation—Marie Curie's contributions to science and humanity remain 15 ． [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了居里夫人对科学的热爱以及贡献。 √ √ 1． A．paved B．built C．created D．took 解析：选A。根据上文“Marie Curie was a pioneering scientist whose research in the field of radioactivity”和常识可知，居里夫人为科学进步铺平了道路，故选A。 2． A．Whether B．Although C．When D．Unless 解析：选B。根据下文可知句子前后两部分为转折关系，所以用Although引导让步状语从句，故选B。 √ √ 3． A．approaches B．methods C．abilities D．disciplines 解析：选D。根据下文“physics and chemistry”可知是不同的学科领域，故选D。 4． A．thanks to B．above all C．due to D．apart from 解析：选C。根据下文可知是由于对妇女的限制，居里夫人无法接受高等教育，thanks to侧重于感谢，due to侧重于一般原因，故选C。 √ √ 5． A．transform B．pursue C．inquire D．quit 解析：选B。根据上文“the restrictions placed on women in Poland at the time”可知是无法追求高等教育，故选B。 6． A．passion B．liberation C．power D．advice 解析：选A。根据上文“Curie's interest in science began at a young age”和下文“she moved to Paris in 1891 to study at the prestigious (有声望的) Sorbonne University”可知，为了科学她搬到了巴黎，说明是追随自己的热情，故选A。 √ √ 7． A．for B．on C．in D．of 解析：选C。根据下文“physics and mathematics”可知，居里夫人在这两个学科方面获得了学位，故选C。 8． A．breathtaking B．groundbreaking C．painstaking D．underlying 解析：选B。根据文章第一句“Marie Curie was a pioneering scientist whose research in the field of radioactivity”可知，居里夫妇对放射性进行了开创性的研究，故选B。 √ √ 9． A．copied B．discovered C．encountered D．coined 解析：选D。根据上文可知是对放射性进行了开创性的研究，所以这个术语是她自己创造的，故选D。 10．A．inventing B．delivering C．isolating D．launching 解析：选C。根据下文“pure radium metal in 1910”和常识可知是分离出纯镭金属，故选C。 √ √ 11．A．particularly B．essentially C．basically D．extremely 解析：选A。根据上文“Her discoveries had significant practical applications”和下文“in the field of medicine”可知，纯镭金属尤其对医学领域很重要，故选A。 12．A．included B．excluded C．concluded D．secluded 解析：选B。根据上文“facing significant challenges as a woman in a male­dominated field”可知，那个时代女性经常被排除在学术和科学机构之外，故选B。 √ √ 13．A．dedication B．arrogance C．ignorance D．inflexibility 解析：选A。空处与“perseverance”和“passion”并列，可知应是奉献，故选A。 14．A．efforts B．effects C．attempts D．sacrifices 解析：选D。根据下文“such as the health problems she suffered because of prolonged exposure to radiation”可知这里说的是居里夫人做出的牺牲，故选D。 15．A．worthless B．unnoticed C．invaluable D．meaningless 解析：选C。根据下文以及前后的转折关系，可知居里夫人对科学和人类的贡献仍然是无价的，故选C。 √ $