unit 4 Section Ⅱ Learning About Language-【正禾一本通】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修1同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（人教版）

What I hide by my language, my body utters. —Roland Barthes 我用语言隐藏的东西，都是我的身体说出来的。 ——罗兰·巴特 BODY LANGUAGE 主题语境：人与社会——跨文化沟通 UNIT 4 更多模板请关注：https://haosc.taobao.com 1 课后分层练 11 Section Ⅱ Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language— The ­ing form (4) as the object and the predicative 分析下列课文原句 1．Perhaps the best example is smiling. 2．The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in. 3．She enjoys learning about body language in different cultures. 4．However, you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil and Germany, as it is not considered polite. 5．Elsewhere, people favour shaking hands，bowing from the waist, or nodding the head when they meet someone else. 6．A good way of saying “I am full” is moving your hand in circles over your stomach after a meal. 宾语 宾语 宾语 【我的感悟】 表语 表语 表语 宾语 一、动词­ing形式作宾语 1．作动词的宾语 一些及物动词之后只能接动词­ing形式作宾语， 不能接不定式。此处列举部分常用词汇。 avoid, miss, delay 避免错过少延期 advise, finish, practise 建议完成多练习 enjoy, imagine, appreciate 喜欢想象要欣赏 admit, deny, require 承认否定与要求 escape, risk, consider 逃避冒险莫考虑 stand, keep, mind 忍受保持不介意 ①He advised renting a house in the country for the summer. 他建议在乡下租一所房子避暑。 ②She imagined walking into the office and telling everyone what she thought of them. 她想象自己走进办公室，对每个人说出自己对他们的看法。 2．作动词短语的宾语 常见跟动词­ing形式作宾语的动词短语有insist on, object to, lead to, carry on, put off, give up, look forward to, feel like, devote oneself to, get/be used to, pay attention to, be worth等。 ①He insisted on doing the work in his own way. 他坚持按照自己的方法做这项工作。 ②I have been looking forward to seeing you． 我一直盼望见到你。 discussing ————即学即练1———— 用所给词的适当形式填空 ①She feels like (go) abroad for further education next year. ②The police delayed (make) any announcement until the girl's relatives had been contacted. ③The boy was lucky to escape (punish) for breaking the window. ④We should form the habit of (discuss) our problems with others to understand them better. going making being punished 3．在有些动词后面，如：start, begin, continue等既可接动词­ing形式也可接动词不定式作宾语，两者意义区别不大。 They continued working/to work as if nothing had happened. 他们继续工作，就好像什么事也没发生过。 4．在love, hate, prefer, like等动词后接动词­ing形式作宾语时指经常性的动作，用动词不定式作宾语时指具体的动作。 ①He preferred staying in the house when it rained. 下雨时他更愿待在家里。(用动词­ing形式作宾语，指每逢下雨都待在家里) ②I prefer to stay at home this afternoon. 今天下午我宁愿留在家里。(用动词不定式作宾语，表示今天下午留在家里这一具体的动作) 5．有些动词(短语)后跟动词不定式和动词­ing形式作宾语均可，但含义不同。常见的有： 动词 宾语的形式 意义 forget to do 忘记要做 doing 忘记做过 remember to do 记着要去做 doing 记得做过 regret to do 遗憾/抱歉要做 doing 后悔做了 try to do 尽力做 doing 尝试做 mean to do 打算做 doing 意味着 go on to do 接着做(另外一件事) doing 接着做(同一件事) stop to do 停下来去做(另一件事) doing 停止做某事 ①Remember to email your video to www.campusart123 @gmail.com if you are interested in it. 如果你感兴趣的话， 记得要把你的视频发送至www.campusart123 @gmail.com。 ②I still remember visiting the museum for the first time. 我仍记得第一次参观这座博物馆时的情景。 locking to turn ————即学即练2———— 用所给词的适当形式填空 ①It is very cool in autumn and cold in winter, so don't forget (bring) different kinds of clothes with you. ②I forgot (give) the book to you yesterday. ③In the early evening we always stop (make) camp. ④I remembered (lock) the door before I left the office, but I forgot (turn) off the lights. to bring to give to make 二、动词­ing形式作表语 1．动词­ing形式作表语，表示抽象的一般性的行为，用来说明主语的内容，与主语通常是同一概念，表语和主语通常可以交换位置。 In the ant kingdom, the queen's job is laying eggs. ＝In the ant kingdom, laying eggs is the queen's job. 在蚂蚁王国， 蚁后的工作是产卵。 2．动词­ing形式作表语，可以表示主语的某种性质或特征，这类词可以看作形容词。 What should be stressed is the dragon­boat racing, which is very interesting and exciting. 应该强调的是龙舟赛，它非常有趣，且激动人心。 inspiring ————即学即练3———— 单句语法填空 ①The unique scenery in Vancouver is so (amaze) that people say it is the most beautiful city in Canada. ②What makes me very amused is (sit) on the beach, staring at the blue sky. ③The purpose of the meeting is (elect) a new captain. ④The speech you delivered was (inspire) and touched my heart. amazing sitting to elect collecting/to collect searching looking 阅读下面短文，填入括号内单词的正确形式 My hobby is 1. (collect) stamps.I find it interesting and 2. (relax).When I was a child, I started 3. (collect) stamps from my father's old letters.Since then, I have been addicted to 4. (search) for special stamps.I enjoy 5. (look) through different kinds of stamps, each of which tells a story. collecting relaxing collecting living Not only is stamp­collecting a great way of 6. (kill) time, but it also helps me learn about different cultures.I remember 7. (visit) a stamp exhibition last year.It was so fascinating that I spent the whole day there.What's more, I consider 8. (join) a stamp­collecting club so that I can share my passion with others. In my opinion, 9. (collect) stamps is more than just a hobby; it's a way of life.It enriches my knowledge and broadens my horizons.I can't imagine 10. (live) without this wonderful hobby. killing visiting joining 宾语 写出黑体部分在句中所作句子成分 1．(2025·浙江1月卷)One of the most common mistakes in communication is trying to do too much.(作 ) 2．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Feeling motivated, I started running silently, but then two things happened.(作 ) 3．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷改编) According to the woman，the problem with some parents is overprotecting their children.(作 ) 4．(2024·全国甲卷)We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art­making activities.(作 ) 表语 宾语 表语 宾语 5．(2024·全国甲卷)It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full.(作 ) 6．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷改编)The speaker thinks the key to Mr.Rochester's success is valuing human relationships.(作 ) 7．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)However, most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table.(作 ) 8．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single­use plastic.(作 ) 宾语 表语 宾语 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 Ⅱ.完成句子 Ⅲ.语法填空 Ⅰ.阅读理解 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 persuading keeping sleeping Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) 1．Would you mind (turn) down your radio a little, please? 2．I remember (take) to the zoo by my mother when I was a child. 3．He succeeded in (persuade) her to take the job. 4．Her job is (keep) the lecture hall as clean as possible. 5．The parents suggested (sleep) in the hotel room but their kids were anxious to camp out during the trip. turning being taken working introducing 6．If we get up early, we don't need to be in a hurry to go to school without (have) breakfast. 7．I'm sure you can speak Chinese fluently before you come to China if you insist on (act) as I told you. 8．The key to successful small talk is (learn) how to connect with others, not just communicate with them. 9．During her life, she devoted herself to (work) for the blind and the deaf. 10．My duties will include (introduce) British visitors to the pandas at Chengdu. having acting learning Ⅱ.完成句子(每小题2分，共20分) 1．穿这么少的衣服我禁不住打起哆嗦。 I with so few clothes on. 2．看了飞机模型一段时间后，这个男孩转过身来，发现他的父母不见了。 After for some time, the boy turned around and found his parents were missing. 3．自从退休以来他就一直梦想着沿丝绸之路旅行。 He has been dreaming of since he retired. couldn't help shaking looking at the model plane travelling along the Silk Road 4．我知道作为一名高中生，我必须更加努力学习，并且要习惯于承担更多的责任。 I know I have to study harder as a senior high school student and get used to a lot more. 5．他将不断地试验新方法，以帮助全中国的农民。 He will keep so that he can help farmers around China. 6．新技术将有助于提高生产效率。 The new technology will the efficiency of the production. being responsible for trying out new methods contribute to improving protect the wildlife from dying out 7．很多人都建议制定更多规则以保护动物权益。 Many people have suggested to protect animal rights. 8．他的任务之一就是为爬山准备一些食物和饮用水。 One of his tasks for the climbing. 9．这次演讲的主题是打破组与组之间的障碍。 The theme of the lecture is between groups. 10．为了保护野生动物免于灭绝，我们要建立更多的自然保护区。 To , we should build more nature reserves. setting up more rules is preparing some food and drinking water breaking down barriers Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A Body language is an essential part of communication and can be just as important as our verbal (口头的) exchanges.Body language can be conscious or unconscious actions, so it is important to make sure your body is sending the same messages as your words to ensure good communication.These nonverbal cues can strengthen the verbal messages you're sending or lead to mistrust or confusion—signs of poor communication and misunderstanding. Body language can make interacting with others and expressing yourself much easier, but it can also introduce new challenges.Some nonverbal signs unintentionally communicate parts of ourselves that we don't want others to know.For example, bad posture or fidgeting (坐立不安) may communicate lack of confidence, something we may not intend others to know about us.But body language can strengthen our verbal messages and solidify what we are telling others.Facing someone with eye contact or taking notes while someone is speaking can communicate genuine interest.Without these signs, teachers may not be able to assess a student's understanding. When you're speaking sincerely, it's natural for your body language to respond to your words through gestures or facial expressions．We also use gestures in conversations to tell stories or describe objects, often using hand signals to show how big or small something is.These are largely unconscious, naturally occurring forms of body language. It can be difficult to communicate confidence in your actions when you may not feel it internally.When you display confident body language, such as good posture or eye contact, even if you're making a conscious effort, studies have shown that it can lead to feeling more confident.When speaking to others, practice controlling impulses to fidget and planting your feet confidently to increase self­esteem. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是肢体语言在我们生活中的作用。 1．What will your body language tell if it doesn't go with your speech? A．Wrong information. B．True meaning behind words. C．A broken relationship. D．A dull speech. √ 解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第一段“These nonverbal cues can strengthen the verbal messages you're sending or lead to mistrust or confusion—signs of poor communication and misunderstanding.”可知，如果肢体语言与我们的口头语言不一致，就有可能导致疑虑或困惑。故选A。 2．Why does the author give some examples in Paragraph 2? A．To prove body language is necessary. B．To state how to assess a student's understanding. C．To tell body language can show the true side of us. D．To explain how challenging it is to read body language. 解析：选C。推理判断题。根据第二段“Some nonverbal signs unintentionally communicate parts of ourselves that we don't want others to know.”可以推断出，作者举例说明有些非语言性的符号能展现我们真实的一面。故选C。 √ 3．What does the author intend to tell in the last two paragraphs? A．Proper body language can help us in gaining confidence. B．Hand signals are essential ways to make ourselves understood. C．Naturally occurring forms of body language make us confident. D．When speaking to others, try your best to hide your body language. 解析：选A。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段以及最后一段可知，作者讲述的合适的肢体语言能让我们展现自信的一面可推断，合适的身体语言能让我们变得自信。故选A。 √ 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Keeping proper body language B．Using your body to communicate C．Understanding others by body language D．Being smart in showing your body language 解析：选B。标题归纳题。根据第一段以及下文可知，文章讲述了肢体语言在帮助我们沟通上的作用。所以B项“用肢体语言沟通”符合标题。故选B。 √ B (2025·四川眉山检测)A facial expression results from one or more motions of the muscles of the face.These movements convey the emotional nonverbal communication.They are a primary means of conveying social information among humans, but also occur in most other mammals and some other animal species. In the business world, much emphasis is placed on your first words, but it isn't all about what you say.You only have seconds to make a first impression that can make or break a relationship in business.Since the face is the first thing we notice about a person, it's vital to use your face to make that important connection. Researchers have shown that 55 percent of non­verbal communication is facial.People generally try to mask negative expressions such as disappointment, fear or envy, but these feelings are often reflected in their eyes, or the downward turn of the mouth. Genuine expressions of anger and surprise can be quite brief, lasting for only a few seconds.If an expression remains longer, it may be a sign of insincerity (不真诚).In general, a genuine expression matches the beginnings of a feeling, so watch for expressions that come after the words. The research conducted last year by a team from Glasgow University, suggested that people from different cultures read facial expressions differently.Not only can that mean confusion in everyday life, but it can lead to confusion when conducting business. The study found that East Asian participants tended to focus on the eyes of the other person, while Western subjects took in the whole face, including the eyes and the mouth.The work, which was published in Current Biology journal challenged the idea that facial expressions are universally understood.In the study, East Asians were more likely than Westerners to read the expression for “fear” as “surprise”， and “disgust” as “anger”． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了面部表情的形成及其传达情感等信息的功能，指出在商界，面部表情对建立关系很重要，而不同文化的人解读表情的方式存在差异且这种差异会影响商业交流。 5．According to the text, in the business world ． A．people focus more on your words than your facial expressions B．people usually have no time to make a first impression C．the relationship between people is very sensitive D. facial expressions are very important in creating business connections 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第二段“In the business world...the face is the first thing we notice about a person, it's vital to use your face to make that important connection.”可知，在商界，面部表情对于建立商业联系非常重要。故选D。 √ 6．From the fourth paragraph, we can learn that ． A．genuine expressions usually last for a short time B．the expressions that come after the words are not genuine C. 5 percent of people use facial expressions as non­verbal communication D．negative expressions are very easy to hide 解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第四段中“Genuine expressions of anger and surprise can be quite brief, lasting for only a few seconds.”可知，真诚的表情通常持续很短的时间。故选A。 √ 7．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A．The result of the study makes it difficult to do business. B．Only humans can convey information through facial expressions. C．Negative emotions are easily reflected in the eyes. D．Current Biology financially supports the study. 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第三段中“People generally try to mask negative expressions such as disappointment, fear or envy, but these feelings are often reflected in their eyes, or the downward turn of the mouth.”可知，消极情绪很容易反映在眼睛里。故选C。 √ 8．The text is mainly about ． A．facial expressions in business B．how to convey negative expressions C．facial expressions and social skills D．how to increase cross­cultural understanding √ 解析：选A。主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章开篇介绍了面部表情的形成及其传达情感等信息的功能；然后重点阐述在商界，面部表情有着关键作用，接着提到面部表情在非言语交流中的占比，以及不同面部表情的特征；最后指出不同文化对表情解读存在差异，这在商业交流中会造成困惑。由此可知，这篇文章主要是关于商业中的面部表情。故选A。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) Body Language Mistakes You Should Avoid at Work Communication is not only about words but also gestures.Therefore, you should be careful about how you use your body when expressing yourself.1( ) Avoiding eye contact When speaking with a workmate, avoiding eye contact makes you look unprofessional.2( ) It also shows that you are not interested in the topic.Therefore, you should always keep eye contact especially when you are making a point. Crossing your arms 3( ) In some cases, doing so may reveal that you want to put a distance between yourself and them.This is generally considered as a position of defence which will probably result in unharmonious working atmosphere.So just keep your arms open to give others a warm feeling. Checking the time Checking the time every few minutes makes people feel you are in a hurry or would rather be somewhere else.It looks like you are not interested in being there.Therefore, when you are speaking to your workmates, try not to look at the clock very often. Bad body posture Having a bad posture can mean that you are not interested in what is going on around you.4( ) It is important to stand or sit up straight when speaking to somebody.Also, keep your head high. Weak handshake A weak handshake means that you don't care much about the person you are shaking hands with.5( ) However, don't forget that a handshake that is too firm can be impolite.Therefore, try to find the right balance. A．Nod your head to show that you are listening. B．It may indicate that you are not self­confident. C．Try to greet the people with a strong handshake. D．This shows that you have confidence in yourself. E．Crossing your arms shows that you are not open to others. F．Here are some body language mistakes you should avoid at work. G．For instance, dropping shoulders or a lowering neck may indicate you are indifferent． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些在工作中应避免的肢体语言错误。 1．解析：选F。根据上文“Therefore, you should be careful about how you use your body when expressing yourself.”可知，上文讲到要小心如何使用自己的身体。根据下文小标题“Avoiding eye contact”“Crossing your arms”“Bad body posture” “Weak handshake”可知，空格处承上启下，引出肢体的一些注意事项。F项“Here are some body language mistakes you should avoid at work.”承上启下，符合语境，故选F。 2．解析：选B。根据本段小标题“Avoiding eye contact”可知，本段主要介绍避免眼神交流这一肢体语言错误。根据下文“It also shows that you are not interested in the topic.”可知，下文进一步说明为什么避免眼神交流是一个肢体语言错误。所以B项“It may indicate that you are not self­confident.”承上启下，符合语境，故选B。 3．解析：选E。根据本段小标题“Crossing your arms”可知，本段主要介绍交叉双臂这一肢体语言错误。根据下文“In some cases doing so may reveal that you want to put a distance between yourself and them.”中的“doing so”可知，上文应说明这个做法是什么。E项“Crossing your arms shows that you are not open to others.”承接下文，符合语境，故选E。 4．解析：选G。根据上文“Having a bad posture can mean that you are not interested in what is going on around you.”可知，上文说明不合适的身体姿势的影响。G项“For instance, dropping shoulders or a lowering neck may indicate you are indifferent.”举例说明一些不合适的身体姿势，故选G。 5．解析：选C。根据本段小标题“Weak handshake”可知，本段主要介绍握手无力这一肢体语言错误。根据下文“However, don't forget that a handshake that is too firm can be impolite.Therefore, try to find the right balance.”可知，空格处与下文构成转折关系。C项“Try to greet the people with a strong handshake.”符合本段主旨，承上启下，符合语境，故选C。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) You may not want to admit it，but actually at one time in your life，you've talked to an animal.Maybe it was letting a dog know it was a good dog 1 asking a cat where it had been.Maybe you gave words of 2 (encourage) to an elephant or scolded a sheep.Whichever animal it was you talked to，one thing is for sure：it probably didn't talk back.What if it could? 3 (science) are working on ways to not only understand what animals are saying，but also study whether they can talk back one day.Maybe their work will change 4 way we think about animals in the future. So far，no one 5 (prove) that an animal or a species has a language，partly because there is no 6 (universe)idea of what can be considered as a language.But 7 (broad) speaking，language should be a distinct and organized form of communication, 8 has been learned and used willingly.When your dog barks，you don't consider it as language.The reason is that dogs are born with the ability.But some studies suggest that some animals do communicate in a very complex manner 9 (show) characteristics of language.So，maybe we are close 10 talking with animals. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。生活中存在人和动物对话的情况，其实动物也有自己的语言表达形式。科学家们不仅在研究动物们说什么，而且还在研究有朝一日它们是否会回应。 1．解析：or。 考查连词。句意：也许是让一只狗知道它是一只好狗，或者是问一只猫它去了哪里。此处指你和动物谈话的内容，二者是选择关系，故填or。 2．解析：encouragement。考查名词。此处和of连用修饰名词words，用名词，指“鼓励的话”。故填encouragement。 3．解析：Scientists。考查名词。此处作主语用名词，根据句意可知，此处表示“科学家”，与谓语are一致用复数。故填Scientists。 4．解析：the。考查冠词。此处特指我们未来对动物的看法，表特指用定冠词，故填the。 5．解析：has proved/proven。考查动词时态。句中时间状语So far与现在完成时连用，与主语no one一致用单数，故填has proved/proven。 6．解析：universal。 考查形容词。修饰句中名词idea用形容词，指“普遍的想法”，故填universal。 7．解析：broadly。考查副词。修饰speaking用副词，指“一般地说，广义地说”，故填broadly。 8．解析：which。考查定语从句。句意：语言应该是人们乐于学习和使用的一种独特的、有组织的交流方式。根据句意和标点可知，句中包含非限制性定语从句，指代前面form用关系代词which引导，故填which。 9．解析：showing。考查非谓语动词。宾语从句中已有谓语动词communicate，此处用非谓语动词。manner和动词show之间是主动关系，用现在分词作定语。故填showing。 10．解析：to。 考查介词。句意：所以，也许我们在向和动物说话靠近。表示“接近”是close to，是固定短语。故填to。 $