内容正文:
The best way to predict the future is to create it.
—Peter Drucker
预测未来的最好方法就是创造未来。
——彼得·德鲁克
LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE
主题语境:人与社会——未来生活
UNIT 2
更多模板请关注:https://haosc.taobao.com
1
课后分层练 5
es
Learning About Language—
The future progressive tense
Section Ⅱ
分析下列课文原句
①However, in the nottoodistant future, we will be living in smart homes that will lock the door for us when we are away and remember to switch off the TV when we forget.
②In the future, we will be using advanced technology every day for automatic control of just about everything in our home.
③In the future, we will use advanced technology every day for automatic control of just about everything in our home.
④In addition, your smart home will be monitoring your health for you every day.
⑤Smart toilets will be keeping constant track of your health as well.
【我的感悟】
句③使用 ,仅单纯陈述将来动作,不含允诺、意愿、意图之意;其他句子使用 ,表示按照计划发展或将来有望发生,有期待感。
一般将来时
将来进行时
一、定义
将来进行时是指将来某个时间正在进行的动作。
二、基本结构
主语+will be/be going to be+doing
①I will be sleeping at 12:00 p.m.
中午十二点的时候我会在睡觉。
②I will be studying in university at the age of 20.
20岁的时候我将会在上大学。
三、基本用法
1.表示在将来的某一时间正在进行的动作
(1)将来进行时一般不表示意愿,常表示已经安排好的事,给人一种期待感;同时也可以表示离现在比较近的将来,与表示将来的时间状语连用。
①What will you be doing this time tomorrow?
你明天的这个时候会在做什么?
②I'll be taking my holiday soon.
我不久将要去度假了。
③We'll be living in London next year.
我们明年就要在伦敦住了。
④The train will be leaving in a second.
火车马上就要开了。
(2)将来进行时也可以表示较远的将来
Maybe nobody will be smoking in fifty years.
50年后,也许就没有人吸烟了。
(3)若上文清楚地表明了将来的时间,时间状语有时也可以省略。
①I'll be waiting for you.我会等你。
②They will be meeting us at the station.
他们会在车站接我们。
③You'll be hearing from me.
你会收到我的来信的。
2.表示事情的发展
将来进行时常表示事情正常的发展,是由客观情况决定的。
①I'll be seeing Mr.Smith tomorrow.
我明天就将见到史密斯先生。
②—Would it be any trouble for you to post this letter?
你方便帮我寄一下信吗?
—No, not at all.I shall be going out presently. 没问题。我正要出去呢。
3.表示原因、结果、可能,还可以表示亲切或委婉语气
(1)表示原因,可以用在because 的从句中。
①Please come tomorrow afternoon.Tomorrow morning I will be having a meeting.
请明天下午来。明天上午我将参加会议。
②You'd better borrow my bike.I won't be needing it.
你最好借我的自行车。我不用它。
③It's impossible to see him at six this evening, because he will be giving a lesson then.
今晚六点你见不到他,因为他那时将会在上课。
④I won't be able to watch the program because I will be doing my homework.
我将无法观看该节目,因为我要做我的家庭作业。
(2)表示结果,常与条件状语从句连用,也可以不与条件状语从句连用,但这样往往含有警告的性质。
①If you don't write, they will be worrying about what has happened to you.
如果你不写信,他们会担心你发生了什么事。
②If I fail to appear at 7 o'clock, I will not be coming at all.
如果我7点钟没有出现,那我就不会来了。
③Stop the child, or he will be falling over.
挡住那个孩子,要不然他会摔倒的。(警告对方)
④I'll be forgetting my name next time.
下次我连自己的名字都记不清了。(警告自己)
⑤You won't be driving any car again for several years.
你几年内都不能再开车了。(警告对方)
(3)表示可能
①He will be telling you about it tonight.
他今晚会告诉你这件事的。
②The roses will be coming out soon.
玫瑰很快就要开了。
③He won't be wanting these.
他不会要这些东西的。
④I suppose you will be leaving soon.
我估计你快要走了。
(4)表示亲切或委婉语气
①Will you be having some tea? 喝点茶吗?
②Will you be needing anything else?
你还需要什么吗?
③You will be working here tomorrow.
明天你就在这工作吧。
will be expecting
————即学即练1————
用所给词的适当形式填空
①Don't phone or text our manager between 13:00 and 15:00 tomorrow, because he (attend) an important seminar then.
②We all know that good results (wait) for you when you start doing things you love.
③The weather forecast says that it (rain) when we hold the sports meeting.
④I (expect) you at 9 tomorrow morning in front of the school gate.
will be attending
will be waiting
will be raining
四、将来进行时与一般将来时的比较
1.一般将来时
表示从现在看来将要发生的动作或存在状态,常表示一个将来的事实、意愿或打算,意为“将要,将会”。
(1)will/shall do:侧重于表示将来的事实,或一种意愿。
He'll arrive in Shanghai tomorrow morning.
他明天上午到达上海。(语气肯定,是一个将来的事实)
(2)be going to do:侧重于将来的打算,也常用来表示天气。
They are going to do the job as soon as the plan is decided.他们打算一制定出计划来就开始做这项工作。
2.将来进行时
表示从现在看在将来某个时间点或时间段可能正在进行的动作或者可能发生的事情,可以是对未来某种情景的推理或预测,意为“可能正在;可能会”。
will be sitting
————即学即练2————
用所给词的适当形式填空
①Better not call the manager between 8:00 and 9:00 this evening, for he (see) Mr.Smith then.
②Just think!This time next week we (enjoy) the sun in the south of France.
③Ladies and gentlemen, I (update) you on the current news at 7:00 pm tomorrow.
④We can't go hiking this time tomorrow, because we
(sit) in an exam.
will be seeing
will be enjoying
will be updating
will be eating
will be taking
用括号内单词的正确形式填空
Dear Tom,
I'm so excited that you're coming to China!I've planned a wonderful trip for you.When you arrive in Beijing next week, I'll meet you at the airport.On the first day, we 1. (visit) the Great Wall.It's really amazing and you'll love it.The next day, we 2. (go) to the Forbidden City in the morning and 3. (eat) Beijing Roast Duck in the evening.I'm sure you'll enjoy the delicious food.On the third day, we 4. (take) a walk in the Summer Palace.It's a beautiful place with lots of interesting things to see.
will be visiting
will be going
will have
After that, we 5. (fly) to Xi'an.In Xi'an, we 6.
(see) the Terracotta Army.It's one of the most famous attractions in China.On the last day, we 7. (shop) in Wangfujing Street.There are many shops and you can buy some souvenirs for your families and friends.
I'm sure you 8. (have) a great time in China.I'm looking forward to seeing you soon.
Yours,
Li Hua
will be flying
will be
seeing
will be shopping
用所给词的适当形式填空
1.(2024 ·新高考Ⅰ卷)Next season I (add)some pear trees to the fruit area.I'll be adding more herbs, which I can use in the kitchen.
2.(2024· 新高考Ⅱ卷)As we soon come to learn from AI by Design, AI is already supersmart and (become) more capable, moving from the current generation of “narrowAI” to Artificial General Intelligence.
will be adding
will become
3.(2024·全国甲卷) Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works (be) in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors 1880-1990: Into the Light.
4.(2022·全国乙卷)Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones of the future.They (move) on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously.
will be
will be moving
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
Ⅱ.完成句子
Ⅲ.语法填空
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
will be having
will be visiting
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每小题1分,共8分)
1.The presenter (demonstrate) his project at 15:00 next Monday.
2.We (water) the flowers at 8 tomorrow.
3.We (have) a Chinese class at 3 tomorrow afternoon.
4.We won't be available at 2 o'clock tomorrow afternoon, because we
(visit) an art workshop at that time.
will be demonstrating
will be watering
will be giving
5.Sorry, I can't meet you at five o'clock tomorrow afternoon, because I (play) soccer then.
6.I (read) the novel borrowed from the library at this time tomorrow.
7.You (lie) on the splendid beach at this time the next day, admiring the sunset.
8.I (give) a talk on artificial intelligence from 2 to 3 p.m.tomorrow.
will be playing
will be reading
will be lying
I'll be lying on the beach and enjoying the sunshine
Mary will be working in the factory
Ⅱ.完成句子(每小题2分,共10分)
1.明天我不能参加他的婚礼,因为那时我正在开会。
I can't attend his wedding tomorrow, for .
2.今天下午玛丽会一直写报告。
this afternoon.
3.后天这个时候我将飞往巴黎。
this time the day after tomorrow.
4.明天的这个时候,我正躺在沙滩上晒太阳。
This time tomorrow, .
5.接下来的两个月玛丽将在这个工厂里工作。
in the next two months.
I'll be having a meeting then
Mary will be writing a report
I shall be flying to Paris
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共20分)
A
Shortly after ChatGPT was released, in early 2023,a freelance writer named Jason Colavito posted on social media that a computer was replacing him with AI, because it could write content for free.But he is also wanted—at a small amount of his normal rate—to “rewrite” the AIgenerated text.This is not the first time that technology has slashed salaries instead of jobs, and the real problem is not AI.The problem is a culture that devalues human labor.
With the release of new AI applications, discussions about the future of work are back in full force.A recent study looked at professions in the United States, from poets to financial managers, predicting the 19 percent will soon lose 50 percent of their tasks to AI.But our precious experience with automation suggests it's much more complicated than technology simply replacing human work.
In 2019, independent research organization Data & Society studied how automation is being integrated in farm management and grocery stores.Counter to the popular belief that the technology was reducing the need for human labor, researchers Alexandra Mateescu and Madeleine Clare Elish discovered that introducing new devices was mostly changing
the nature of the work.For example, automated checkout machines kept employees busy, because now they were assisting confused customers, troubleshooting machines, and taking on other tasks to ensure their smooth operation in the store.Most importantly, Mateescu and Elish discovered that the new tasks, which helped accommodate and employ the “automated” technology, were often undervalued or even invisible.
The important thing to understand is that the current deskilling and devaluing of labor isn't because the robots are coming for us, it's cultural.As jobs get disrupted and people's livelihoods are threatened, it's easy to point fingers at technology as the unavoidable reason, whether
you're an expert or an employer.But what is actually to blame is a society that is willing to let workers be mistreated.It's a big thing to change, but it's not set in stone.And that's the real “robots and jobs” conversation we need to be having.
[语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文,主要论述的是人工智能对未来工作的影响,人工智能并不是来夺走我们的工作的,而是改变了工作的性质。
1.What does the underlined word “slashed” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A.Created.
B.Improved.
C.Reduced.
D.Removed.
解析:选C。词句猜测题。根据第一段“at a small amount of his normal rate—to ‘rewrite’ the AIgenerated text”可知,技术减少了他的薪水,因此画线词slashed的意思是“减少”,和reduced意思相近,故选C。
√
2.What did Mateescu and Elish find?
A.Automated technology was taking away almost all jobs.
B.New advanced devices were being integrated in various jobs.
C.Humans were still needed to take care of AIgenerated problems.
D.Humans couldn't understand the real value in their own jobs.
解析:选C。推理判断题。根据第三段“For example, automated checkout machines kept employees busy, because now they were assisting confused customers, troubleshooting machines, and taking on other tasks to ensure their smooth operation in the store.”可知,Mateescu和Elish发现人类仍然需要处理人工智能产生的问题。故选C。
√
3.What's the main cause of the deskilling and devaluing of labor?
A.The introduction of robots.
B.The nature of jobs.
C.The change of workers.
D.The attitude to labor.
解析:选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段“The important thing to understand is that the current deskilling and devaluing of labor isn't because the robots are coming for us, it's cultural.”和“But what is actually to blame is a society that is willing to let workers be mistreated.”可知,劳动力去技能化和贬值的主要原因是这个社会对待劳动的态度。故选D。
√
4.What's the best title for the text?
A.Work Gets Deskilled by Robots
B.Robots Aren't Coming for Our Jobs
C.A Promising Future: Humans and Robots
D.A Wanted Conversation: Humans or Robots
√
解析:选B。主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是第二段“But our precious experience with automation suggests it's much more complicated than technology simply replacing human work.”和第三段“Counter to the popular belief that the technology was reducing the need for human labor, researchers Alexandra Mateescu and Madeleine Clare Elish discovered that introducing new devices was mostly changing the nature of the work.”可知,主要论述的是人工智能对未来工作的影响,它不是来夺走我们的工作的,而是改变了工作的性质,因此最好的题目是B选项“Robots Aren't Coming for Our Jobs”。故选B。
B
(2025·山东省百师联考高二上期中)
Finding a rewarding career in life is often difficult, and for one young farmer, a disability could so easily have destroyed his dreams.But as a recent TikTok video showed, a 12yearold isn't going to let his muscular dystrophy (肌肉萎缩) stop him from rolling up his sleeves and getting dirty.
John Ray was born with a rare muscular disease that causes muscles to weaken.“When he was born, his prospect was not good.The doctors said they didn't expect him to live long,” shared John's mother, Trina Reid with Ontario Farmer.
Thankfully, however, John has proved doctors wrong by living life to the full, so much that he's able to lend a much needed hand to his father, Donny Ray on the farm.Young John used to be brought to a specific area of the farm to work, but his regular wheelchair wasn't suitable for farm life, so the family tried their best to adapt to their son's needs.
One day Donny came across an Action Trackchair wheelchair.Unfortunately the chair came with a high price tag that the family couldn't afford.With the help of Donny's employer, Wallenstein Feed & Supply Ltd., the family were able to buy the impressive piece of equipment.
Donny made a few adaptions so John could help with the feeding in the barn (谷仓).Over the next two months he's even been out in the fields helping with the potato planting.Donny shared“No disabilities here, only new abilities.We get to see a very hardworking John: in the barn and out in the fields.”
So with the love, support, and determination of John's family, the youngster's future farming career is definitely looking hopeful.And as his mom shares:“If John has taught me anything, it's that perseverance (毅力) is everything.There is nothing he says he can't do.”
[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述残疾人 John克服身体局限实现自己的梦想。
5.What did John Ray desire to do?
A.To live a long life.
B.To cure his disease.
C.To work on the farm.
D.To get family support.
解析:选C。细节理解题。文章第一段叙述在生活中找到一份有意义的事业常常是棘手的,对于一个年轻的农民来说,残疾很容易就会粉碎他的梦想。但正如最近的一个TikTok视频所显示的那样,一个12岁的孩子不会让他的肌肉萎缩症阻止他卷起袖子弄脏自己。由此可知,John Ray渴望在农场上工作。
√
6.Why did Donny change the Action Trackchair wheelchair?
A.To receive a donation from a charity.
B.To reduce the price of the equipment.
C.To make John adapt to the wheelchair.
D.To help John with more farm activities.
解析:选D。 细节理解题。根据第三段“his regular wheelchair wasn't suitable for farm life, so the family tried their best to adapt to their son's needs.”及第五段“Donny made a few adaptions so John could help with the feeding in the barn (谷仓).”可知,Donny给轮椅做了一些调整,这样约翰就可以帮忙做农场里的活了。
√
7.What can be inferred from Donny Ray's words in Paragraph 5?
A.John's disabilities limit his capabilities.
B.John's life on the farm is extremely tough.
C.John's condition has improved significantly over time.
D.John has developed new abilities despite his condition.
解析:选D。细节理解题。第五段 Donny叙述,“这里没有残疾,只有新的能力。我们可以看到一个非常勤劳的约翰在工作:在谷仓里,在田野里。”由此可知,Donny强调尽管John身体状况不佳,他还是开发出了新的能力。
√
8.What is the main message the author wants to convey in the text?
A.The huge challenges of finding a rewarding career.
B.Overcoming physical limitations to achieve one's dreams.
C.Modern equipment is essential for people with disabilities.
D.The importance of family support in living independently.
解析:选B。主旨大意题。文章首段叙述,在生活中找到一份有意义的事业常常是棘手的,对于一个年轻的农民来说,残疾很容易就会粉碎他的梦想。最后一段首句总结,有了家人的爱、支持和决心,这个年轻人未来的农业生涯绝对是充满希望的。由此推断,文章主要讲述残疾人 John克服身体局限实现自己的梦想。
√
Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分,共12.5分)
(2025·福建省厦门第一中学高二上月考)Home automation is nothing new.It's been around for years now.1( ) And when something is new, people have to be doubtful about it.So, here we are with tons of widespread myths around home automation.Let's check out what unbelievable myths we encouraged and why you need to stop believing them.
Myth 1: Home automation is too expensive.
The most common misunderstanding is—I can't afford it! It is not your fault if you think it's too expensive.2( ) Actually, home automation devices were quite pricey initially, but things have changed now.Smart home products nowadays are simple and programmable devices that are affordable to many homeowners.
Myth 2:3( )
Most people think that home automation devices and systems are some devices out of a spy movie.It is a common myth that you must be a techie to use the devices or make changes.However, it is not true.4( ) Even though it seems like a challenging task, all it takes is a simple touch to control your home.
Myth 3: Smart devices will become outdated after a few years of purchase.
Another common myth is that smart home automation technology will become out of date after some time.Firstly, all efficient home automation devices are futuristically designed.Secondly, most home automation companies provide updates that are easy to install and keep them uptodate.
Smart home automation is a new technology.5( ) Thus, don't let the myths and technical terms about home automation scare you! The products that power the smart home are light years away from the myth around them.
A.After all, it's a new technology.
B.Home automation needs technical knowledge.
C.You don't have to be a techmaster to live in a smart home.
D.This powerful technology has many benefits for homeowners.
E.Home automation devices are for every home regardless of its size and shape.
F.ou can reduce your power consumption, energy wastage and save money in the long run.
G.But smart homes with automation systems for efficient lighting, temperature, and security are new fields.
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了一些关于家居自动化的三个传言和误解。
1.解析:选G。根据上文“Home automation is nothing new.It's been around for years now.(家庭自动化并不是什么新鲜事。它已经存在好几年了)”以及后文“And when something is new, people have to be doubtful about it.So, here we are with tons of widespread myths around home automation.Let's check out what unbelievable myths we encouraged and why you need to stop believing them.(当一件新事物出现时,人们不得不对它持怀疑态度。所以,这里我们有很多关于家庭自动化的普遍误解。让我们来看看我们鼓励了哪些令人难以置信的传言,以及为什么你需要停止相信它们)”可知,上文提到了家庭自动化,而后文提到了新事物,可知本句与上文构成转折,介绍一种新的关于家庭自动化的事物。故G选项“但是,拥有高效照明、温度和安全自动化系统的智能家居是新的领域”符合语境,故选G。
2.解析:选A。根据上文“The most common misunderstanding is—I can't afford it! It is not your fault if you think it's too expensive.(最常见的误解是——我买不起!如果你觉得太贵,那不是你的错)”可知,上文提到了觉得太贵不是你的错,本句承接上文说明原因:这是一项新技术,所以昂贵。故A选项“毕竟,这是一项新技术”符合语境,故选A。
3.解析:选B。 根据本段内容“Most people think that home automation devices and systems are some devices out of a spy movie.It is a common myth that you must be a techie to use the devices or make changes.However, it is not true.(大多数人认为家庭自动化设备和系统是间谍电影中的一些设备。你必须是一个技术人员才能使用这些设备或做出改变,这是一个普遍的误解。然而,事实并非如此)”可知,本段解释的传言主要关于家庭自动化设备需要专业人士才能使用,即自动化需要技术知识。故B选项“家庭自动化需要技术知识”符合语境,故选B。
4.解析:选C。根据后文“Even though it seems like a challenging task, all it takes is a simple touch to control your home.(尽管这看起来是一项具有挑战性的任务,但只需要简单的触摸就可以控制你的家)”可知,后文提到只需要简单的触摸就可以控制你的家,说明不需要成为技术大师也能生活在智能家居中,故C选项“你不需要成为技术大师也能生活在智能家居中”符合语境,故选C。
5.解析:选D。根据上文“Smart home automation is a new technology.(智能家居自动化是一项新兴技术)”以及后文“Thus, don't let the myths and technical terms about home automation scare you! The products that power the smart home are light years away from the myth around them.(因此,不要让关于家庭自动化的传言和技术术语吓到你!为智能家居提供动力的产品离围绕它们的传言还有光年之遥)”可知,上文提到了智能家庭自动化是一项新兴技术,结合文章主要说明了智能家居自动化的一些好处,故D选项“这项强大的技术对房主有很多好处”符合语境,故选D。
Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分,共15分)
(2025·湖南省湖南师大附中高二上期中)At a bank branch in Shanghai, an elegant female receptionist is welcoming customers.“Sensing” that customers are in 1 good mood, she becomes talkative and introduces more of the 2 (bank) wealth management services.
3 (power) by an artificial intelligence system, she is the first digital employee at the Shanghai branch of Bank of Ningbo.With an average person's 4 (high), she can answer more than 550 common banking business questions and learn to answer 50 new questions every day with a camera on the screen.Thanks to rapid 5 (technology) progress, virtual humans, which used to be only seen in movies, are becoming more popular in people's daily lives and work.
The popularity of digital humans is 6 (close) related to the concept of the metaverse, a tech buzzword (流行词) that 7 (attract) the global tech industry since last year.Digital humans are considered to be the avatars (化身),
8 (promise) a combination of virtual and real worlds.AI beings developed by Xiaoice have worked as two video hosts for China's National Business Daily for more than seven months.Xiaoice said the virtual hosts' overall naturalness has been improved so much 9 they aren't almost distinguished from humans.Also, the news programs 10 (develop) entirely by AI technologies in an unmanned operation including the entire process of video editing and broadcasting.
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人工智能虚拟员工在银行的应用及其与元宇宙的关系。
1.解析:a。考查冠词。句意:“感觉到”客户心情很好,她变得健谈起来,并介绍了更多该行的理财服务。根据句意,表示“处于一种好心情中”需用不定冠词修饰名词短语good mood,表示泛指,good发音是以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a, in a good mood是习惯用法,意为“心情好”。故填a。
2.解析:bank's/banking。 考查名词所有格或形容词。句意同上。空格处需要填入一个词来修饰wealth management services。可以用名词所有格形式bank's,表示“银行的”;也可以用形容词形式banking,表示“与银行相关的”。故填bank's/banking。
3.解析:Powered。考查非谓语动词。句意:由人工智能系统驱动,她是宁波银行上海分行的第一位数字员工。句子谓语动词是is,空格处是非谓语动词,与其逻辑主语she之间是被动关系,用过去分词短语作状语,放在句首,首字母大写。故填Powered。
4.解析:height。考查名词。句意:她身高与普通人相当,能够回答550多个常见的银行业务问题,并通过屏幕上的摄像头每天学习回答50个新问题。根据句意和空前的名词所有格an average person's可知,此处需要名词height“身高”。故填height。
5.解析:technological。考查形容词。句意:由于科技的快速进步,过去只在电影中看到的虚拟人在人们的日常生活和工作中越来越受欢迎。修饰名词progress需用形容词technological“科技的”。故填technological。
6.解析:closely。考查副词。句意:数字人的流行与元宇宙的概念密切相关,元宇宙是一个自去年以来吸引了全球科技行业的技术热词。修饰动词短语 is related to需用副词closely。故填closely。
7.解析:has attracted/has been attracting。 考查时态。句意同上。此空位于修饰a tech buzzword的定语从句中,要填入谓语动词。根据时间状语since last year,可知句子时态需用现在完成时表示从过去的一个动作一直持续到现在,也可以用现在完成进行时,强调动作的延续性。主语 that 指代的a tech buzzword为单数名词,与 attract 之间为主动关系,助动词用has。故填has attracted/has been attracting。
8.解析:promising。考查非谓语动词。句意:数字人类被认为是化身,承诺虚拟和现实世界的结合。句子谓语动词是are considered,空格处为非谓语动词,与其逻辑主语Digital humans之间是主动关系,用现在分词作状语。故填promising。
9.解析:that。考查连词。句意:小冰表示,虚拟主持人的整体自然度已经提高到几乎无法与人类区分的程度。so...that...为固定搭配,表示“如此……以至于……”,引导结果状语从句。故填that。
10.解析:are developed/have been developed。考查时态和语态。句意:此外,新闻节目包括视频编辑和广播的整个过程完全由AI技术开发。空格处是句子的谓语动词,主语the news programs与develop之间是被动关系,且描述的是一般事实,需用一般现在时的被动语态,be动词用are;也可以理解为是过去的动作对现在造成的影响,用现在完成时的被动语态,助动词用have。故填are developed/have been developed。
$