UNIT 3 Section Ⅲ Using Language-【正禾一本通】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修2同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（人教版）

该高中英语课件围绕“人与社会——饮食与文化”主题，核心涵盖重点句式分析、文章结构解析等知识点。课堂导入通过玛莎·德·奥康奈尔的中英文引言引发兴趣，随后以复合句结构拆解、语言特点分析、文章结构逻辑梳理为支架，衔接实战演练与课后分层练习，构建完整学习脉络。 其亮点在于主题引领的写作培优设计，聚焦语言能力（如分析含定语从句、形式主语句型的复合句）和思维品质（如解析文章“引言-主体-结论”结构，主体四段逻辑递进）。通过实例标注句式成分、梳理论证框架，帮助学生掌握学术写作规范。学生能提升语言运用与逻辑思维，教师可借助系统资源优化教学效率。

Food brings people together on many different levels . It's nourishment of the soul and body；it's truly love. —Giada De Laurentiis 食物在许多不同层面上把人们聚集在一起，它是心灵和身体的养料，是真正的爱。 ——吉娅达 · 德 · 劳伦蒂斯 FOOD AND CULTURE 主题语境：人与社会——饮食与文化 UNIT 3 更多模板请关注：https://haosc.taobao.com 1 Ⅰ.重点句式分析 [1]是复合句。句中含有两个由who引导的定语从句； twice as likely to...为表达倍数的结构。 [2]是复合句。that在句中引导宾语从句；which引导非限制性定语从句；what引导宾语从句。 [3]是复合句。句中含有一个it作形式主语的句型：it is＋adj.＋to do sth；句中as引导原因状语从句。 [4]是复合句。What引导主语从句；that引导表语从句；who引导定语从句； because引导原因状语从句。 Ⅱ.语言特点分析 这篇文章的语言风格具有客观性、逻辑性、简洁性、指导性和互动性等特点。它通过引用权威数据和专业建议，以清晰、简洁的语言向读者传达了健康饮食的重要性和具体方法，同时鼓励读者反思自己的饮食习惯，具有很强的实用价值和启发性。 文章结构清晰，分为引言、主体和结论。引言提出健康饮食的争议，引出主题。主体部分分为四段：第一段强调糖的危害，引用数据支持观点；第二段指出糖的主要来源并给出减少糖摄入的建议；第三段提出多样化饮食和减少加工食品的建议；第四段强调慢食和规律饮食的重要性。结论部分总结健康饮食的核心，提出反思性问题，强调健康态度。整体上，文章逻辑连贯，逐步深入，既有数据支持，又有实用建议，最后通过提问引导读者反思。 课后分层练 9 Using Language Section Ⅲ association n．协会；关联；联系；联合(联想：associate vt.联想；联系；交往 adj.副的　associated adj.联合的；有关联的) 【要点归纳】 (1)in association with... 与……相联系；与……联合 (2)associate with 和……交往；和……结交 associate...with... 把……和……联系在一起 (3)be associated with... 与……有联系的 【佳句必背】　We're going to organize an exhibition on Chinese culture next Saturday in association with other classes.(应用文之活动介绍) 下周六我们班将联合其他班级组织一次中国文化展。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①A variety of student (associate) are necessary, because they surely play an important role in our growth. ②There are many serious health problems which (associate) with smoking. 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ③(应用文之活动安排)我是学生会主席李华。我将联合其他几所大学组织一次画展。 I am Li Hua，chairman of the Students' Association.I will organize a painting exhibition ． associations are associated in association with several other universities quantity n．数量；数额 【教材原句】　　Processed foods often contain less nutrition, and have higher quantities of sugar, salt, and fat than fresh ingredients.相比新鲜食材，加工食品通常营养成分较低，糖分、盐分和脂肪含量更高。 【要点归纳】 a large/small quantity of 大量的/少量的 large quantities of 大量的；许多的 in quantity 大量地 注意：a large quantity of 修饰不可数名词时谓语动词用单数，修饰复数名词时谓语动词用复数；large quantities of修饰不可数名词或复数名词，谓语动词都用复数。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①Large quantities of books (donate) to the rural school in the past few months. ②We need to order these parts quantity to get a discount. 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ③(应用文之推荐信)我想推荐成都作为你的旅游目的地，因为成都有许多景点，例如都江堰。 I'd like to recommend Chengdu as your travel destination，because Chengdu has ，such as Dujiangyan. have been donated in a large quantity of/large quantities of tourist attractions trick n．诀窍；计谋；把戏 v．欺骗；欺诈(联想：tricky adj.难对付的，棘手的) 【教材原句】　There is no one trick to healthy eating. 健康饮食没有诀窍。 【要点归纳】 (1)play a trick on sb＝play tricks on sb 捉弄某人 the trick of... ……的窍门 (2)trick sb into doing sth 哄骗某人做某事 【佳句必背】　He tricked me into making such a foolish mistake and a wave of extreme anger swept over me.(读后续写之愤怒情绪描写) 他哄骗我犯了这样一个愚蠢的错误，一阵狂怒席卷而来。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①If the neighbors don't give them candies, they will play tricks them. ②He was tricked into (tell) the place where he had hidden. 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ③(读后续写之动作描写)那位女士微笑着走了过来，耐心地向我解释更有效地分发晚餐的技巧。 The lady smilingly came over and patiently explained handing out dinners more efficiently. on telling the trick of regardless of 不管；不顾；无论；不分 【教材原句】　This is true regardless of how healthy the rest of their diet might be. 无论他们饮食的其他方面多么健康，都确实如此。 【要点归纳】 (1)regardless of＋名词/从句　 不管……， 不顾…… (2)despite＝in spite of 尽管；不管；虽然(后接名词或动名词， 不接从句) 【佳句必背】　Regardless of the fact that she was on a tight budget，she tried to bring food and medicine to the poor.(读后续写之人物描写)尽管她手头不宽裕，她仍尽力给穷人带来食物和药物。 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ①(2022·天津卷书面表达)我们的英语口语俱乐部对所有人开放，不分年龄和英语水平。 Our Spoken English Club is open to everyone ． ②(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写)不顾他们缺乏烹饪经验的事实，双胞胎仍然满怀期待地为妈妈准备一顿特别的早餐。 ，the twins still prepared an exceptional breakfast for their mother with great expectations. regardless of age or English level Regardless of the fact that they lacked cooking experience 倍数表达法 【教材原句】　And in America, people who receive 25% of their daily calories or more through sugar are twice as likely to die from heart disease than people who receive less than 10% a day.在美国，每天从糖分中摄取25%或更高卡路里的人死于心脏病的可能性是日摄取量少于10%的人的两倍。 【要点归纳】 表示倍数的句型： (1)倍数＋as＋adj./adv.的原级＋as... (2)倍数＋the＋n.(size/length/height/depth/width...)＋of＋n.(＋than...) (3)倍数＋as many/much＋n.＋as... (4)倍数＋more＋n.＋than... 【佳句必背】　The short film tells about the development of our school.Now our new school is three times as large as what it was ten years ago.(应用文之地点介绍)这部短片讲述了我们学校的发展。现在，我们新学校的面积是10年前的三倍大。 【写成佳句】　一句多译 ①(2022·天津卷书面表达)正如短视频中所显示的，现在英语口语俱乐部的成员人数是刚成立时的四倍。 →As is shown in the short video，the Spoken English Club now has when it was founded. →As is shown in the short video，the Spoken English Club now has when it was founded. →As is shown in the short video，the Spoken English Club now has when it was founded. four times as many members as four times more members than four times the number of members than twice as wide as ②这条河不仅是那条河的两倍宽，而且是那条河的三倍长。 →Not only is this river of that one but it also is of that one. →Not only is this river that one but it also is that one. three times the length twice the width three times as long as while 引导时间状语从句 【教材原句】　Put more simply，while people continue to argue over whether or not fatty food is dangerous，we already know that sugar is a killer. 简单地说，当人们还在为高脂肪食物是否有害而争论不休时，我们已经知晓糖分是健康杀手。 【要点归纳】 while作连词时的用法： (1)意为“当……时，和……同时”时，引导时间状语从句； (2)意为“尽管，虽然”时，引导让步状语从句； (3)意为“只要”时，引导条件状语从句； (4)意为“然而，可是”时，连接两个并列句，表示对比关系。 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ①我在伦敦的时候，是你帮助我尽快地适应了新环境。 it was you that helped me adapt to the new surroundings as soon as possible. ②(读后续写之环境描写)尽管天气不太完美，但我们仍然可以在蓝天下、微风中享受野餐。 we can still enjoy the picnic under the blue sky with a gentle breeze． ③我在书法方面有天赋，而我弟弟擅长画画。 I am gifted in calligraphy ． While I was in London, While the weather is not perfect, while my brother is good at drawing HEALTHY EATING There is much debate nowadays as to what makes up a healthy diet.For example, scientists have insisted for years that a big enemy of health is fatty food.However, there is increasing evidence that the real driver of poor health is not so much fatty food, as it is sugar.Heart disease is the number one killer of Americans.[1]And in America, people who receive 25% of their daily calories or more through sugar are twice as likely to die from heart disease than people who receive less than 10% a day (Journal of the 健康饮食 American Medical Association, 2014). This is true regardless of how healthy the rest of their diet might be.Put more simply, while people continue to argue over whether or not fatty food is dangerous, we already know that sugar is a killer. Much of this extra sugar comes from sweets and sweet drinks.The average American gets 1/3 of his or her sugar through sweet drinks alone.[2]The American Heart Association recommends that we limit ourselves to less than 100－150 calories a day from sugar, which is less than what is usually contained in one can of sweet drink or in a single candy bar. In other words, if you want to be healthy, you have to cut down on desserts, and cut out sweet drinks altogether. Beyond this, you can keep healthy by consuming different categories of fresh foods, especially fruit and vegetables, which are full of vitamins and fibre, rather than processed foods.Processed foods often contain less nutrition, and have higher quantities of sugar, salt, and fat than fresh ingredients.[3]Besides this, it is also important to have some meat, beans, or dairy products in your diet, as they provide the necessary protein for strong bones and muscle growth. As with everything in life, moderation is key.The ideal diet is a balanced one, without too much or too little of any one thing. Finally, a fundamental key to healthy eating is to eat slowly. It takes about twenty minutes from the time you start eating for your brain to tell your body that you are full.[4]What this means is that people who chew too quickly end up eating too much food because they still feel hungry. Eating slowly also allows your body to digest your food better, and will allow you to enjoy your food more. In addition, studies show that consistent eating habits, for example, taking three meals a day at the same time each day, are better for our health.It is also better to eat a modest amount of food each time, rather than to eat a lot in one meal, and then a little in the next. There is no one trick to healthy eating. Rather, healthy eating starts with having a healthy attitude towards food. One question you can ask yourself is, “Do I eat to live, or live to eat？” If you are using food mostly for nutrition, then you are on the right track with your diet.However, if food has become the centre of your life, you might be on the road to bad health.It is up to you to decide how you want to live, and to make the right decisions about your diet. 健康饮食 当下，何为健康饮食仍众说纷纭。例如，多年来科学家一直认为健康的大敌是高脂肪食物。然而，越来越多的证据表明，导致不良健康的真正因素并非高脂肪食物，而是糖分。心脏病是美国人的头号杀手。在美国，每天从糖分中摄取25%或更高卡路里的人死于心脏病的可能性是日摄取量少于10%的人的两倍(《美国医学会杂志》，2014年)。无论他们饮食的其他方面多么健康，都确实如此。简单地说，当人们还在为高脂肪食物是否有害而争论不休时，我们已经知晓糖分是健康杀手。 多余的糖分大多来自甜食和甜饮料。一个普通的美国人单从甜饮料中摄取的糖分就占三分之一。美国心脏协会建议我们将每日糖摄入量限制在100至150卡路里以下，少于一听甜饮料或一块糖果通常所含的糖分。换言之，要想身体健康，就必须少吃甜点，完全禁饮甜饮料。 除此以外，为了保持身体健康，你还可以食用不同种类的新鲜食物，尤其是富含维生素和纤维素的水果和蔬菜，而不是加工食品。相比新鲜食材，加工食品通常营养成分较低，糖分、盐分和脂肪含量更高。此外，饮食中摄取一些肉类 、豆类或奶制品也十分重要，因为这些食物为强壮骨骼、肌肉生长提供必要的蛋白质。适量是关键，生活中万事均如此。理想的饮食是均衡饮食，避免过多或过少摄入任何一种成分。 最后，健康饮食的基本要诀是细嚼慢咽。开始进食大约20分钟后，你的大脑才会告知你的身体“你吃饱了”。这意味着咀嚼过快的人最终会吃太多食物，因为他们仍然感到饥饿。细嚼慢咽还能让你的身体更好地消化食物、更充分地享受美食。此外，研究表明，有规律的饮食习惯对我们的健康更有好处，例如，每天固定时间食用三餐。而且最好每餐摄入适量的食物，而不是上一餐吃很多， 下一餐吃得很少。 健康饮食没有诀窍。相反，健康饮食始于健康的饮食态度。你可以问自己一个问题：“我是为了活着而吃饭，还是为了吃饭而活着？”如果你吃饭主要是为了汲取营养，那么你已经在饮食上走对了路子。然而，如果食物已成为你生活的核心，那么你可能已踏上不健康之路。你想如何生活、如何做出正确的饮食抉择，这完全取决于你自己。 假如你是李华，你的朋友王力目前正因体重暴增而苦恼不已，来信向你咨询关于健康饮食的问题。请你给他写一封回信，介绍一下你的饮食习惯。内容包括： 1．很少吃甜食和垃圾食品； 2．饮食中蔬菜、水果居多，有适量肉、蛋和奶制品； 3．一日三餐有规律。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　 Step 1　审题谋篇·定框架 审时态 以一般现在时为主 审人称 以第一人称为主 定框架 第一部分：开门见山，引入话题； 第二部分：陈述自己的饮食习惯，给出建议； 第三部分：总结全文，表达祝愿。 is closely associated with your unhealthy diet consists in a balanced diet consists of quantities of fruit Step 2　要点翻译·用佳句 1．从你的来信中知道你最近体重一直在增长，这使你沮丧。 I have learned from your letter recently.This ． [升级] (定语从句) 2．在我看来，你的问题与你的不健康饮食密切相关。 From my point of view，your problem ． 3．对于我来说，我的健康在于均衡饮食。我的饮食由大量的水果和绿色蔬菜组成。 As for me，my health ．My diet and green vegetables. that you have been gaining weight makes you depressed I have learned from your letter that you have been gaining weight recently，which makes you depressed. the tricks of my healthy diet solve your weight problem by having a balanced diet In other words，it is only by having a balanced diet that you can solve your weight problem. 4．最根本的是，我的确有始终如一的饮食习惯，不管是假期还是周末。 ，I ， or weekends. 5．以上是我健康饮食的诀窍。 The above are ． 6．换句话说，你可以通过均衡的饮食来解决你的体重问题。 In other words，you can ． [升级] (强调句型) regardless of holidays Most fundamentally do have consistent eating habits Step 3　连句成篇·达美文 Dear Wang Li， I have learned from your letter that you have been gaining weight recently，which makes you depressed.From my point of view，your problem is closely associated with your unhealthy diet. As for me，my health consists in a balanced diet.Firstly，I rarely consume desserts and junk food.Furthermore，my diet consists of quantities of fruit and green vegetables.A modest quantity of meat, eggs and dairy products also contributes to my health.Most fundamentally，I do have consistent eating habits，regardless of holidays or weekends. The above are the tricks of my healthy diet.In other words，it is only by having a balanced diet that you can solve your weight problem. Yours, Lihua Ⅰ.单词拼写 Ⅱ.单句语法填空 Ⅲ.完成句子 Ⅳ.课文语法填空 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Ⅰ.阅读理解 Ⅲ.语法填空 quantities associate Ⅰ.单词拼写(每小题1分，共8分) 1． (总体上), the results are quite interesting, indicating that language learning can be integrated with personal hobbies and entertainment. 2．As far as I'm concerned, a (基础的) key to health is to have a balanced diet. 3．My diet contains (数量) of fruit and green vegetables, which can provide me with necessary vitamins. 4．I am eager to (交往) with new classmates who share common interests with me. Overall fundamental stable 5．Chinese paintings can help people learn more about Chinese culture which are (理想的) presents. 6．Mind your own manners and remain (谦虚的) and honest when getting along with your friends. 7．In my opinion, we should buy food of high quality or famous (品牌). 8．Instead of finding a (稳定的) job in a big company, I would like to start my own business. ideal modest brands consisting Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每小题1分，共8分) 1．Generally speaking, we will associate a person's character his growing surroundings. 2．In summary, what you say should be consistent what you do, otherwise others will not believe you. 3．I hope the large quantities of readers on our website (be) of great help to you. 4．School education (consist) of not only teaching students subjects but also developing other skills in them is of vital importance. with with are to settle 5．Nothing can replace hard work, which is fundamental success. 6．There is no doubt that large quantities of waste (pour) into the ocean so far. 7．He's an (exception) talented dancer and practices for several hours every day. 8．It is up to you (settle) the prior misunderstanding between us. to have been poured exceptionally Ⅲ.完成句子(每小题2分，共10分) 1．众所周知，我们的身心健康与饮食习惯有关。 As is well known to us，our physical and mental health ． 2．建议我们每天都要食用新鲜的蔬菜和水果。 It is recommended that we ． 3．另外，我们最好每天吃少量的肉。 Besides，we had better on a daily basis. is associated with eating habits (should) eat fresh vegetables and fruit every day consume a small quantity of meat 4．总之，均衡饮食有助于我们的健康。 In a word， ． 5．当然，你想如何生活、如何做出正确的饮食抉择，这完全取决于你自己。 Of course， ，and to make the right decisions about your diet. a balanced diet contributes to our health it is totally up to you to decide how you want to live which balanced Ⅳ.课文语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) What makes up a healthy diet? Scientists have found that the real driver of poor health is sugar rather than so much 1 (fat) food.This is true regardless of how healthy the rest of people's diet might be.So if you want to be healthy, you have to cut 2 on desserts. Beyond this, you can keep healthy by consuming different 3 (category) of fresh foods.It is also important to have some meat, beans, or dairy products，4 provide the necessary protein for strong bones and muscle growth.The ideal diet is a 5 (balance) one. fatty down categories to Having Finally, a key is to eat 6 (slow), which also allows your body 7 (digest) your food better.In addition, 8 (consist) eating habits like taking three meals a day at the same time and eating a modest amount of food each time are better for our health. There is no one trick 9 healthy eating.10 (have) a healthy attitude towards food does really matter.It is up to you to make the right decisions about your diet. slowly to digest consistent Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共7.5分) (2025·广东广州期末)A mould (霉菌) that grows on food waste has been shown to completely change its taste, allowing food that would otherwise be thrown out to be eaten in a new way. Every year, about a third of food globally is wasted, with leftover responsible for around 8 per cent of greenhouse gas emissions (排放) over its lifetime.Repurposing it into new kinds of eatable food can reduce the climate impact of food production while also improving food security. Neurospora intermedia, an orange fungus (真菌) grown from the byproducts of milk production, has been used for centuries to make oncom, a traditional food in Indonesia.Vayu Hill­Maini at the University of California, and his colleagues are now working with chefs at Michelin­starred restaurants to develop new foods using the fungus. His team has shown that N．intermedia can grow well on at least 30 types of agricultural waste, including tomato and banana skin, where the fungus can transform indigestible plant waste into nutritious food in around 36 hours.Some of the research results are now appearing on their menus at the Alchemist restaurant in Copenhagen run by Rasmus Munk.N.intermedia is used in a dessert of jellied plum wine with rice custard, which is left to ferment (发酵) for 60 hours.This process has changed both the smell and taste “in quite a dramatic way”， according to Munk. When the team asked Danish consumers to try it for the first time, people consistently rated its taste above 6 on a scale of l to 9. “I found it mind­blowing to suddenly discover flavours like banana without adding anything except the fungi, ” says Hill­Maini.“Of course, all of our wild shots don't work out, but when they do, they can produce quite revolutionary results.” The chefs involved hope that by demonstrating what upcycled food can do at the highest level of gastronomy (美食学) , the concept will gain commercial appeal.“We are just at the beginning stages of unlocking its full potential，” says Hill­Maini. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种霉菌被发现可以改变食物的味道，使得原本会被丢弃的食物得以重新利用，成为新的可食用食品，并探讨了其在减少食物浪费和改善食品安全方面的潜力。 1．What can we learn about N．intermedia, according to Hill­Maini's findings? A．It significantly changes the flavor of food. B．It is primarily used to make jellied plum wine. C．It has been used to make traditional food for long. D．It can transform indigestible food within 60 hours. 解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第一段“A mould that grows on food waste has been shown to completely change its taste, allowing food that would otherwise be thrown out to be eaten in a new way.”以及第五段“When the team asked Danish consumers to try it for the first time, people consistently rated its taste above 6 on a scale of 1 to 9.”可知，这种霉菌可以改变食物的味道，提升食物的口感。故选A。 √ 2．What does the underlined word “mind­blowing” in Paragraph 6 mean? A．Annoying. B．Puzzling. C．Surprising. D．Satisfying. 解析：选C。词句猜测题。根据第六段中“‘I found it mind­blowing to suddenly discover flavours like banana without adding anything except the fungi，’ says Hill­Maini.”可知，在没有添加其他东西的情况下发现香蕉味，这种体验应该是令人惊讶的，所以mind­blowing意为“令人惊讶的”。故选C。 √ 3．What is the best title of the text? A．A New Trend in Food Industry B．A Fungus Creates Wonder C．A Mould Grows on Food Waste D．The Danger of Food Waste √ 解析：选B。标题归纳题。根据第一段“A mould that grows on food waste has been shown to completely change its taste, allowing food that would otherwise be thrown out to be eaten in a new way.”以及最后一段“The chefs involved hope that by demonstrating what upcycled food can do at the highest level of gastronomy, the concept will gain commercial appeal.‘We are just at the beginning stages of unlocking its full potential，’ says Hill­Maini.”可知，文章主要讲述了加州大学的Vayu Hill­Maini及其同事正在与米其林星级餐厅的厨师合作，利用一种霉菌将食物残渣变成美味的食物，并希望通过在最高水平的美食学上展示回收食品的作用，使这一概念具有商业吸引力。由此可知，B选项“一种霉菌创造了奇迹”最适合做文章标题。故选B。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2025·福建福州期末)Like a waving flag and the rhythms of language, food is one of the key aspects to understand culture.When looking to understand a people and their history, one can search in libraries and study books.1( ) Through ingredients, tastes, smells and colors, we are told tales of struggle, love, pride and passion.It is through the dinner plate that we can deepen our understanding of different cultures. To appreciate food's role in understanding culture, we must go back to food's basic effects on societies around the world.2( ) In every civilization around the world, humans use food as a tool to bond, socialize and connect. From our ancestors gathering around the fire for meals as their social point, food has always played a central role in our lives.3( ) For example, the Mid­Autumn Festival, the Spring Festival, and birthdays, all serve as the backdrop for our relationships. We eat family meals, a moment in the day for us to come together and share stories, struggles and successes.We help our friends get over breakups by coming over with ice cream, gift chocolates to lovers.4( ) We build deep, meaningful connections with each other, food serving as the gel (凝胶).It's the way we've evolved, making social eating deeply important for our psychological health. 5( ) It's how we identify where we're from; the history of our cultures.If food is a symbol of cultural expression, then it reflects all aspects of human nature. A．Beyond basic nutrition, food is social. B．And we celebrate weddings with grand feasts． C．Food, thus, becomes a core part of who we are. D．It continues to bond us together in modern celebrations． E．These ceremonies in cooking practices serve as cultural markers. F．Yet there exists a story not found in old books, but on the dinner table. G．When learning culture, we can see how it's changed human beings. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述食物是理解文化的关键，它不仅能提供营养，更具社交属性。从祖先围火用餐到现代庆祝活动，食物始终凝聚着人们，它是文化表达的象征，反映人性，是我们确定自身来源与文化历史的核心部分。 1．解析：选F。由上文“When looking to understand a people and their history, one can search in libraries and study books.”和下文的dinner plate可知，这里阐述了通过图书馆书籍了解文化历史的方式，空格处应引出与之不同的方式，F项符合语境，通过Yet转折，引出从餐桌食物了解文化，与上文形成对比。故选F。 2．解析：选A。由上文“we must go back to food's basic effects on societies around the world.”及下文“In every civilization around the world, humans use food as a tool to bond, socialize and connect.”可知，上文提及食物对社会的影响，下文阐述食物用于社交，A项承上启下，指出食物除营养外的社交作用，符合语境。故选A。 3．解析：选D。由上文“From our ancestors gathering around the fire for meals as their social point, food has always played a central role in our lives.”可知，这里强调从我们祖先开始食物在生活中一直起着核心作用，空格处应进一步说明在现代庆祝活动中的作用，D项符合语境，其中It指代上文的food，continues表明在现代延续其作用。故选D。 4．解析：选B。由上文“We eat family meals, a moment in the day for us to come together and share stories, struggles and successes.We help our friends get over breakups by coming over with ice cream, gift chocolates to lovers.”可知，这里列举了食物在不同人际关系中的作用，空格处应继续列举，B项符合语境，进一步说明食物在婚礼庆祝中的作用，与上文并列。故选B。 5．解析：选C。由下文 “It's how we identify where we're from; the history of our cultures.If food is a symbol of cultural expression, then it reflects all aspects of human nature.”可知，这里强调食物对我们的重要性，C项符合语境，总结食物对我们身份认同的核心意义，引出下文对其具体阐述。故选C。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) There is much debate as to what makes a healthy diet.For example, scientists 1 (insist) for years that a big enemy of health is fatty food.However, there is increasing evidence 2 the real driver of poor health is not so much fatty food, as it is sugar.In America, people who receive 25% of their 3 (day) calories or more through sugar are twice as likely to die from heart disease 4 people who receive less than 10% a day. Therefore, 5 is necessary to cut down the 6 (food) that contain high amount of sugar.The American Heart Association recommends that we limit ourselves to less than 100－150 calories a day from sugar, which is less than what is usually contained in one can of sweet drink or in 7 single candy bar. Finally, there is no trick to healthy eating.Rather, healthy eating starts with 8 (have) a healthy attitude towards food.If you are using food 9 (most) for nutrition, then you are on the right track with your diet.However, if food has become the centre of your life, you might be on the road to bad health.It is up to you 10 (decide). [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了健康饮食的问题，指出真正的健康敌人可能不是高脂肪食物，而是糖，并给出了关于减少糖分摄入的建议。 1．解析：have insisted/have been insisting。考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“for years”可知，这里表示过去几年一直持续的动作，可能现在还在继续，因此可以用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，主语为复数名词，助动词用have。故填have insisted/have been insisting。 2．解析：that。考查同位语从句。空处引导同位语从句，用来解释说明“evidence”的内容，从句不缺成分，引导词没有含义，需用连接词that引导。故填that。 3．解析：daily。考查形容词。修饰名词calories，需用形容词daily作定语。故填daily。 4．解析：than。考查介词。根据前面的“twice as likely”可知，这里是一个比较级结构，需要用“than”来连接两个被比较的对象。故填than。 5．解析：it。考查代词。It is adj.＋to do...为固定句型，It为形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语。故填it。 6．解析：foods。考查名词。根据后面的谓语动词“contain”可知，主语应该是复数形式。故填foods。 7．解析：a。考查冠词。此处泛指“一块糖果”，且single发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 8．解析：having。考查非谓语动词。空处作介词with的宾语，需用动名词形式。故填having。 9．解析：mostly。考查副词。修饰动词“using”需用副词mostly作状语。故填mostly。 10．解析：to decide。考查非谓语动词。固定句型“It is up to sb to do sth”，表示“由某人决定做某事”。故填to decide。 $