UNIT 1 Section Ⅲ Using Language-【正禾一本通】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修2同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（人教版）

To raise new questions , new possibilities , to regard old problems from a new angle requires creative imagination and marks real advance in science. —Albert Einstein & Leopold Infeld 提出新的问题，发现新的可能，从新的角度审视已经存在的问题，这些需要创造性的想象力，并标志着科学的真正进步。 ——阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦 &利奥波德 · 英费尔德 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS 主题语境：人与社会——科学与科学家 UNIT 1 更多模板请关注：https://haosc.taobao.com 1 Ⅰ.重点句式分析 [1]中Described by...为过去分词短语作状语，该短语中含有一个who引导的定语从句。 [2]是复合句。句中after引导时间状语从句，because引导原因状语从句，that引导宾语从句。 [3]中 what...scientist 是what 引导的主语从句，what 在从句中作主语，him作宾语，宾语补足语是such...scientist。“make sb sth/sb”意为“使某人成为……”。 Ⅱ.语言特点分析 1．正式性和学术性：文章整体语言风格较为正式和学术化，适合用于介绍科学家的生平和成就。例如，使用诸如“patriotic(爱国的)”“achievement(成就)”“pioneer(先驱)”“propulsion(推进)”等书面词汇，这些词汇在正式的学术或传记写作中较为常见。 2．使用比喻和形象化语言：文章在描述钱学森的贡献时，使用了一些形象化的语言，使文章更具感染力。例如：“...Qian earned the name of ‘the father of China's aerospace’．”这种比喻不仅突出了钱学森的重要地位，也使读者更容易理解他的贡献。 文章整体结构清晰，逻辑严谨，按照时间顺序和主题内容展开，层次分明。从引言部分点明主题，到早年经历、留学美国、回国贡献、主要成就、个人品质，再到结尾的缅怀，每个部分都紧密围绕钱学森的生平和成就展开，既突出了他的科学贡献，也展现了他的人格魅力。这种结构安排使读者能够系统地了解钱学森的一生，同时深刻感受到他对中国的巨大影响。 课后分层练 3 Using Language Section Ⅲ pour vt.倒出；倾泻；斟(饮料)；涌出；(雨)倾盆而下 【教材原句】　A non­Newtonian fluid is strange because you can pour it like a liquid, but if you put any pressure on it, it suddenly becomes hard as concrete.非牛顿流体非常奇特，因为你可以像倒液体一样倒它，但如果你对它施加压力，它就会突然变得像混凝土一样坚硬。 【要点归纳】 pour in/into 　　　 涌进 pour out 倒出，涌出；倾吐 pour down (雨)倾盆而下；流下 pour sth into... 朝……里面倒某物 【佳句必背】　He was so worried that sweat began to pour down his face.(读后续写之心理描写) 他很担心， 汗水沿着他的面颊流淌下来。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①When the earthquake happened, our office building shook violently and all the workers poured the street for safety. ②Senior family members, especially parents, should create an atmosphere where children can be encouraged to pour their heart happily. into/in out 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ③(读后续写之环境描写)一天，约翰和奥利弗出去散步，这时天突然黑了下来，大雨倾盆而下。 One day John went out for a walk with Oliver when the sky suddenly got dark. ． Heavy rain poured down defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解(联想：defence n．防御；保卫；辩护　defensive adj.防御的；保护的) 【教材原句】　However, after the Songhu Battle broke out in 1932, Qian made the decision to switch his major to aviation because he realised that China needed its own powerful air force to protect and defend the country.不过，1932年淞沪会战爆发后，钱学森意识到中国需要建设强大的空军来保卫国家，因此决定改学航空专业。 【要点归纳】 (1)defend oneself 自卫；为自己辩护 defend against... 抵御…… defend sb from/against... 保护某人免受…… (2)in defence (of) 保卫(……) 【佳句必背】　Mac jumped off the bike，seized the bike and threw it to the wolf with all his strength to defend himself.(读后续写之动作链描写) 麦克跳下自行车，用全力抓起自行车向那只狼丢去，以保护自己。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①People should try their best to defend the environment pollution. ②(2021·全国甲卷)After spending some time looking at all the (defense) equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history! ③The soldiers fought bravely in defence their country. against/from defensive of 【写成佳句】　一句多译 ④(读后续写之动作描写)看到那条凶猛的蛇，他像箭一样冲过去保护儿子。 →Seeing the fierce snake，he rushed like an arrow.(defend) →Seeing the fierce snake，he rushed like an arrow.(defence) to defend his son in defence of his son break out (战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发 【教材原句】　However, after the Songhu Battle broke out in 1932, Qian made the decision to switch his major to aviation... 不过，1932年淞沪会战爆发后，钱学森决定改学航空专业…… 【要点归纳】 break away from 　 脱离/挣脱…… break in 插话；破门而入 break into 强行闯入 break up 打碎；结束；(关系等)破裂 break down 出故障；失败；(身体等)垮掉 【佳句必背】　We must break away from the old customs which have a bad influence on our mental and physical health.(应用文之建议信)我们必须摆脱这些对我们身心健康有不良影响的旧风俗。 break away from 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①I was still sleeping when the fire broke and then it spread quickly. ②Last night a thief broke and stole his camera. 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ③(读后续写之动作描写)得知我的搭档病倒了，我毫不犹豫地像箭一样冲向医院。 ，I dashed to the hospital without hesitation like an arrow. ④她决定摆脱生活中的负面影响，和积极向上的人相处。 She decided to the negative influences in her life，surrounding herself with uplifting individuals. out, in Learning that my partner broke down in charge of 主管；掌管 【教材原句】　He received a hero's welcome from his homeland and was put in charge of not only developing China's rocket science but also its space and missile programme. 他受到了祖国英雄般的欢迎，受命发展中国的火箭科学以及航天和导弹项目。 【要点归纳】 (1)charge n.费用，价钱；主管，负责 in the charge of 由……负责；被……掌管 take charge of 负责/掌控(表动作) free of charge 免费 (2)charge v.收费；指控；(给……)充电 charge (sb) for sth 为……(向某人)收费/要价 charge sb with (doing) sth 指控某人(做)某事 【佳句必背】　The activity of this “Foreign Language Festival” will be in the charge of the Students' Union. 这次的“外语节”活动由学生会负责。 【写成佳句】　完成句子/一句多译 ①他被指控在比赛结束后制造骚乱。 He disturbance after the game. ②他提出免费为任何有需要的人修理自行车。 He offered to fix bikes for anyone who needed it. was charged with free of charge will be in the charge of me will be in/take charge of the English speech competition ③汤姆在老板不在时负责这家公司。 →The company is Tom while the boss is away. →Tom is the company while the boss is away. →Tom the company while the boss is away. ④这次英语演讲比赛将由我负责。 →The English speech competition ． →I ． in the charge of in charge of takes charge of come down with 患(病)；染上(小病) 【教材原句】　Since he came down with a disease which caused him to lose the use of most of his muscles, his world became one of abstract thought. 他因患病致使其大部分肌肉萎缩无力，他的世界变成了一个抽象思维的世界。 【要点归纳】 come across 　　　 (偶然)遇见，碰见 come about 发生(无被动形式) come up 走近；上来；被提及 come out 出版；结果是；(花)开放 come up with 　　　　 想出；提出 when it comes to... 当谈到…… come out 【佳句必背】　I hope you don't come down with anything while traveling.Make sure to take care of yourself.(读后续写之语言描写) 我希望你在旅行中不要生病。一定要照顾好自己。 【练透考点】　用come的相关短语填空 ①When it English learning，I have the following practical suggestions to share with you. ②Reading different books broadens your horizons and helps you your own story plots. ③One day I an old friend in the street who told me that his new book would soon. comes to come up with came across 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ⑤我得了流感，医生坚持让我在家待一个星期左右。 I and my doctor insisted that I should stay home for about a week. ④The shop manager came over and asked the customer how the quarrel had ． come about came down with the flu “否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义 【教材原句】　Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China's aerospace science than Qian Xuesen. 也许再没有哪一位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大了。 【要点归纳】 此句中的否定词no和比较级a greater impact连用，相当于最高级的意义。该句式用法如下： (1)否定词＋比较级＝最高级，意为“没有比……更……；没有像……一样……”，常用的否定词有no，not，never，nothing，nobody，hardly等。 (2)can/could＋never/not＋...＋形容词/副词＋enough＝can/could＋never/not＋...＋too＋形容词/副词，意为“再怎么……也不为过”。 nothing is more fascinating than 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ①没有一个地方比我们的自习室更适合学习了。 our self­study room. ②(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)“没有人比你更热心了。我真是太感谢你了。”大卫激动地说。 “Nobody ．I ，” David said excitedly. ③(读后续写之环境描写)繁星点点，行星闪烁，还有那闪烁的银河，没有什么比夜空更迷人了。 With its countless stars, glowing planets, and the shimmering Milky Way, the night sky. No place is more suitable for studying than is more warm­hearted than you can't thank you enough not only...but (also)...不仅……而且…… 【教材原句】　He received a hero's welcome from his homeland and was put in charge of not only developing China's rocket science but also its space and missile programme.他受到了祖国英雄般的欢迎，受命发展中国的火箭科学以及航天和导弹项目。 【要点归纳】 (1)“not only...but (also)...”连接两个并列成分，如两个主语、宾语、状语等； (2)“not only...but (also)...”连接两个分句，且“not only”位于句首时，第一个分句要部分倒装； (3)“not only...but (also)...”连接两个词作主语时，要根据but also后的词决定谓语动词的单复数形式，即遵循“就近一致”原则。 【佳句必背】　He not only won the championship but also set a new world record.(应用文之人物介绍) 他不仅赢得了冠军，还打破了世界纪录。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①Not only the students but also the English teacher (sing) an English song when I passed the classroom. 【写成佳句】　完成句子/一句多译 ②(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)我从这次比赛中学到了很多，不仅提高了写作能力，还增强了自信心。 I learned a lot from this contest, boosting my confidence. was singing not only improving my writing skills but also ③我们不仅应该为他们筹集资金，而且应该帮助他们重建家园。 →We but we should also help them rebuild their homes. → but we should also help them rebuild their homes.(倒装句) should not only raise money for them, Not only should we raise money for them, THE FATHER OF CHINA’S AEROSPACE Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China's aerospace science than Qian Xuesen.[1]Described by the authors of the Story of Qian Xuesen as a man with “great scientific thought and scientific spirit” who was patriotic and served his homeland with effort, achievement, and devotion, Qian was an extremely well­respected man. 写一篇关于科学精神的短文 Born in Shanghai in 1911, Qian attended schools in Beijing and then entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University to study Railway Mechanical Engineering.[2]However, after the Songhu Battle broke out in 1932, Qian made the decision to switch his major to aviation because he realised that China needed its own powerful air force to protect and defend the country. Qian went to the United States in 1935 to pursue his graduate studies.Over the course of the 1930s and 1940s, Qian became a pioneer in American jet and rocket technology.As a graduate assistant at the California Institute of Technology during the 1930s, Qian helped conduct important research into rocket propulsion, and in the 1940s, he and several other people founded the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, now one of NASA's leading space­exploration centres. After overcoming some difficulties during his final few years in the US, Qian returned to China in 1955.He received a hero's welcome from his homeland and was put in charge of not only developing China's rocket science but also its space and missile programme.At that time, China was poor and its rocket science was undeveloped.No institute or university in China offered rocket science as a major, and there were no talents or experts in this field in China.Nevertheless, Qian did not let that discourage him from taking on the challenge.When he was asked “Can we Chinese possibly make missiles？”， his reply was a determined “Why not? We Chinese are able to make the same things that other people make.” Under Qian's leadership, China developed the Dongfeng missiles, followed by the first generation of Long March rockets.In 1970, China successfully launched its first man­made satellite, Dong Fang Hong Ⅰ， from a Long March rocket.Because much of the technology behind the Shenzhou spacecraft can also be traced back to Qian's research, Qian earned the name of “the father of China's aerospace”． Qian read a lot and was extremely knowledgeable, especially in the area of frontier science research.[3]However, what might have made him such an outstanding and creative scientist was probably his strong interest in other things, such as music and drawing. His deep appreciation for art often gave him inspiration in his scientific research. On 31 October 2009, the whole country was saddened by Qian's death, and people honoured and remembered him in different ways. 中国航天之父 也许再没有哪一位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大了。钱学森备受人们尊敬。《钱学森的故事》一书作者称他是一位具有“伟大科学思想和科学精神”的人，并且热爱祖国、勤勉努力、甘于奉献、成就斐然。 钱学森1911年生于上海，在北京上学，后来考入上海交通大学，学习铁道机械工程。不过，1932年淞沪会战爆发后，钱学森意识到中国需要建设强大的空军来保卫国家，因此决定改学航空专业。 1935年，钱学森前往美国读研究生。二十世纪三四十年代，钱学森成为美国喷气式飞机和火箭技术的先驱人物。二十世纪三十年代担任加州理工学院的研究生助理时，钱学森协助开展火箭推进方面的重要研究工作。二十世纪四十年代，钱学森与其他几人成立了喷气推进实验室，该实验室现已成为美国宇航局领先的太空探索中心之一。 留学美国的最后几年，钱学森克服困难，于1955年回到中国。他受到了祖国英雄般的欢迎，受命发展中国的火箭科学以及航天和导弹项目。那时候，中国还很贫穷，火箭科学尚不发达。中国没有一所学院或大学开设火箭科学专业，而且没有该领域的人才或专家。然而，钱学森并不气馁，而是接受挑战。有人问他：“我们中国人有可能制造出导弹吗？”他的回答十分坚定：“有什么不能的，外国人能造出来的，我们中国人同样能造出来。” 在钱学森的领导下，中国研制出了“东风”导弹，紧接着又研制出第一代“长征”系列火箭。1970年，中国使用“长征”火箭成功发射本国第一颗人造卫星“东方红一号”。由于“神舟”系列火箭的大部分技术也可追根溯源到钱学森的研究，因此钱学森被誉为“中国航天之父”。 钱学森博览群书，尤其在前沿科学研究领域知识极其渊博。然而，他之所以能成为一名如此杰出、富有创造力的科学家，可能是因为他对音乐、绘画等其他事物的浓厚兴趣。他深厚的艺术鉴赏力时常给科研工作带来灵感。 2009年10月31日，钱学森逝世，举国哀痛，人们以各种方式纪念他、缅怀他。 牛顿是世界著名的科学家，请你根据他煮鸡蛋的故事，以“A Story of Newton”为题写一篇文章，并据此发表自己对科学精神的看法。要点如下： 1．牛顿如此投入以至于经常忘却小事； 2．为牛顿做饭的仆人想要出去，让牛顿自己煮鸡蛋； 3．仆人回来发现锅里煮的是他的怀表； 4．对科学精神的看法。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 A Story of Newton 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 Step 1　审题谋篇·定框架 审时态 以一般过去时为主，评论部分为一般现在时 审人称 以第三人称为主，评论部分为第一人称 审框架 开头：概括介绍牛顿； 主体：叙述牛顿煮鸡蛋的故事； 结尾：发表自己对科学精神的看法。 wanted to go out to cook the eggs himself A servant who cooked for Newton wanted to go out，asking Newton to cook the eggs himself. Step 2　要点翻译·用佳句 1．牛顿是最杰出、最有天赋的科学家之一。 Newton is ． 2．牛顿是如此投入以至于他在日常生活中经常忘却小事。 Newton was in his daily life. [升级] (倒装) 3．一个为牛顿做饭的仆人想要出去。他让牛顿自己煮鸡蛋。 A servant cooked for Newton.He ．He asked Newton ． [升级] (定语从句和现在分词短语作状语) one of the most outstanding and gifted scientists so devoted that he often forgot trivial things So devoted was Newton that he often forgot trivial things in his daily life. Not only should we learn to be knowledgeable but also we should focus on what we are doing. 4．当仆人回来时，他发现锅里煮的不是鸡蛋而是一块怀表。 When the servant came back， not eggs but a pocket watch was being cooked in the pot. 5．我们应该通过学习变得知识渊博。我们应该全神贯注于我们正在做的事情。 We should learn to ．We should ． [升级] (not only...but also...的倒装句) what he found was that focus on what we are doing be knowledgeable Step 3　连句成篇·达美文 A Story of Newton Newton is one of the most outstanding and gifted scientists.So devoted was Newton that he often forgot trivial things in his daily life.Once，a servant who cooked for Newton wanted to go out，asking Newton to cook the eggs himself.However，when the servant came back，what he found was that not eggs but a pocket watch was being cooked in the pot. From the story we can learn that to be an outstanding scientist，not only should we learn to be knowledgeable but also we should focus on what we are doing. Ⅰ.单词拼写 Ⅱ.单句语法填空 Ⅲ.完成句子 Ⅳ.课文语法填空 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Ⅰ.阅读理解 Ⅲ.语法填空 leadership concrete Ⅰ.单词拼写(每小题1分，共8分) 1．He just now (向……投以) an annoyed look at me，with his hands trembling． 2．As they drove, the sky grew darker and darker and suddenly the rain (倾泻) down. 3．The professor's strong (领导才能) ensured that the experiment was carried out smoothly. 4．He set a (具体的) goal for himself and spared no effort to achieve it. cast poured shadow 5．You should (转移) your focus, because paying too much attention to your grades will make you more nervous. 6．As a matter of fact, it was my (过错).So I must make an apology to you. 7．The player's (杰出的) performance left a deep impression on everyone present. 8．Thanks to her comfort, I got out of the (阴影) of the failure. shift fault outstanding asked Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每小题1分，共8分) 1．Some (talent) students will present a wonderful show at the Students' Activity Hall. 2．Thanks to your help，I succeeded in becoming a teaching (assist) in a senior high school. 3．It is thought that skills like critical (think) and analysis can be gained through practice． 4．When (ask) to explain why she went through a red light, she defended herself vigorously. talented assistant thinking Initially In my opinion, the way you suggest to deal with clothes is very (brilliance). 6．The old tea houses in Hangzhou can (trace) back to the Southern Song Dynasty. 7．All the police are trained to defend themselves knife attacks. 8． (initial), it will do harm to our health and may cause short­sightedness. brilliant be traced against/from Ⅲ.完成句子(每小题2分，共10分) 1．你必须从你来时的路回去，以免迷路。 You will have to ． 2．车辆噪声很大，她无法让人听到她的声音。 She couldn't ．(make＋宾语＋宾语补足语) 3．在等她的时候，我正在看一些旧杂志。 I was reading some old magazines.(while省略句) go back the same way that you came to avoid losing your way make herself heard above the noise of the traffic While waiting for her, 4．他不但读了这本书，而且记得所读的内容。 He ． 5．在他的领导下，越来越多的年轻人负责杂交水稻的研究。 Under his leadership, more and more young people hybrid rice. not only read the book, but also remembered what he had read take charge of/are in charge of the research of in outstanding Ⅳ.课文语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) When Qian Xuesen was young, he realised China needed air force 1 (defend) the country, so he went to America to study aviation.As a graduate 2 (assist) at the California Institute of Technology, he helped conduct important research into rocket propulsion.Finally, he became a pioneer in jet and rocket technology.3 Qian Xuesen returned to China in 1955, he was put 4 charge of not only developing China's rocket science but also its space and missile programme.Under his leadership, China made 5 (outstand) progress in rockets, missiles and man­made satellites.Because of this, he earned the name of “the father of China's aerospace”． to defend assistant When determined combination Stephen Hawking was a 6 (gift) scientist.Since he came down 7 a disease causing him to lose the use of most of his muscles, his world became one of abstract thought.There was a theory on the origin of the universe explaining the universe 8 (begin) at a single point in time and space.His own work on the big bang theory was proven by astronomers with telescopes and a new star was born.He was brilliant, brave and 9 (determine).And he was willing to admit his faults.This odd 10 (combine) of characteristics had made him one of the greatest thinkers of modern times. gifted with began Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共10分) (2025·河北衡水检测) DeepSeek: Pioneering the Future of Intelligent Solutions In the age of rapid technological development, DeepSeek has become a pioneer in artificial intelligence (AI) and data analytics.It was founded to help industries make intelligent decisions.DeepSeek focuses on creating advanced AI platforms to boost efficiency and productivity in fields like finance, healthcare, education, and logistics. DeepSeek uses advanced technologies such as machine learning, natural language processing (NLP), and predictive analytics.Its main product, an AI data analysis platform, helps organizations handle large amounts of data in real­time.It can generate useful insights and automate decision­making.For example, in healthcare, DeepSeek's algorithms can diagnose diseases more accurately.In finance, its tools can predict market trends and reduce risks. What makes DeepSeek special is its focus on adaptability and ethical AI.The company tries to create transparent AI models that users can trust.Its “Adaptive Learning Framework” allows systems to change according to new data, staying useful in changing situations. Since its start, DeepSeek has received much praise.Industry leaders like its ability to turn AI theory into practical uses.A CFO from a big company said it cut their operational costs by 30% and improved forecasting.Healthcare workers also like how it reduces diagnostic errors.But DeepSeek's success has also started discussions about AI ethics and workforce changes. In the future, DeepSeek plans to work with educational institutions to train AI talent and start community projects to solve problems like climate change.As its CEO said, they want AI to bring progress, not just profit.DeepSeek shows the bright future of AI, and it's ready to change the way industries work. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍DeepSeek作为一家人工智能和数据分析领域的先锋企业，通过先进的AI技术和平台，助力各行业提升效率和生产力，实现智能决策。 1．Why was DeepSeek founded? A．To develop new video­game technologies. B．To help industries make intelligent decisions. C．To create a social media platform. D．To build self­driving cars. 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第一段“It was founded to help industries make intelligent decisions.”可知创立DeepSeek是为了帮助行业做出明智的决策。故选B。 √ 2．How does DeepSeek help in the finance field? A．By providing free financial advice to all users. B．By promoting high­risk investments. C．By increasing the complexity of financial regulations. D．By predicting market trends and reducing risks. 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第二段“In finance, its tools can predict market trends and reduce risks.”可知在金融领域DeepSeek可以预测市场趋势，降低风险。故选D。 √ 3．What makes DeepSeek special? A．Its high­cost products that only large companies can afford. B．Its focus on adaptability and ethical AI. C．Its lack of interest in new technological developments. D．Its preference for working alone rather than collaborating. √ 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第三段“What makes DeepSeek special is its focus on adaptability and ethical AI.”可知关注适应性和道德人工智能是DeepSeek的特别之处。故选B。 4．What are DeepSeek's future plans? A．To close down its current business and start a new one. B．To focus only on making more profit without any social contributions. C．To work with educational firms to train AI talent and start community projects. D．To stop using AI technologies and switch to traditional methods. 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段“In the future, DeepSeek plans to work with educational institutions to train AI talent and start community projects to solve problems like climate change.”可知DeepSeek的未来计划是与教育公司合作，培训人工智能人才，启动社区项目。故选C。 √ Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2025·浙江杭州期中) Trash­Eating Robots It has become common knowledge that our oceans are filled with garbage.Broken objects, used plastic bottles and so on fill our beaches and cover the ocean floor.1( ) Many individuals and organizations are working to remove this garbage and recent technological developments have given them a new tool to do so: trash­eating robots. Robots of various shapes have been designed to collect garbage that they find floating in the ocean.For example, the French company IADYS has developed what it calls the jellyfishbot.2( ) It is remotely controlled and can clean up to 1，000 square meters per hour.It contains a net that can hold up to 30 liters.The jellyfishbots' small size and ability to be easily controlled make them ideal for cleaning up crowded areas such as ports. 3( ) Designed for use on rivers, the Interceptor looks like a boat with a conveyor belt that picks up trash.A shallow barrier attached to the Interceptor guides floating trash to the conveyor belt, but fish can swim under it safely.Once a sensor indicates that the dustbins are full, the Interceptor automatically sends a text message to onshore operators.4( ) Most of the garbage in the oceans comes down rivers.5( ) Hence the Interceptor helps a lot to stop pollution before it enters the ocean.The Interceptor is completely solar­powered and operates on its own, which minimizes the need for human involvement. Robots are able to clean up large amounts of garbage without humans struggling with beach cleanup by hand.Hopefully, they can be a big part of the solution to ocean pollution. A．It isn't just about removing the garbage from oceans. B．Immense damages are being caused to ocean creatures. C．If all goes well, they're hoping to expand the number of the robots. D．This small robot gathers up everything it encounters, including oil. E．To keep the oceans clean, new garbage must be stopped from getting there. F．Then the garbage will be collected and sent to local waste management facilities. G．For more open areas, a larger robot called the Interceptor has a similar function. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了海洋垃圾问题严重，并介绍了垃圾收集机器人及其应用。 1．解析：选B。由上文可知，海洋垃圾问题严重，下文“Many individuals and organizations are working to remove this garbage and recent technological developments have given them a new tool to do so: trash­eating robots.”说明人们正在采取措施，使用垃圾处理机器人来处理海洋垃圾。本空应承上启下，强调海洋垃圾问题严重的结果是海洋生物正在遭受巨大的伤害，并引出下文人们正在采取措施。B项能承上启下，符合题意。故选B。 2．解析：选D。由上文“Robots of various shapes have been designed to collect garbage that they find floating in the ocean.For example, the French company IADYS has developed what it calls the jellyfishbot.”可知，上文介绍了水母机器人的设计目的和开发者，下文“It is remotely controlled and can clean up to 1，000 square meters per hour.It contains a net that can hold up to 30 liters.”进一步介绍了水母机器人的功能和特点。本空应重点说明水母机器人的主要功能，D项说明了水母机器人的主要功能，即收集遇到的垃圾，包括石油，能承上启下，符合题意。故选D。 3．解析：选G。由下文“Designed for use on rivers, the Interceptor looks like a boat with a conveyor belt that picks up trash.”可知，本段介绍的是另一种机器人——拦截者，它是在河流上使用的。本空应介绍拦截者这种机器人的使用，G项说明了拦截者的使用场景和功能，能引出下文，符合题意。故选G。 4．解析：选F。由上文“Once a sensor indicates that the dustbins are full, the Interceptor automatically sends a text message to onshore operators.”可知，拦截者会在垃圾桶满时自动通知岸上的操作员，本空应该介绍接下来会发生什么。F项说明了垃圾被收集并处理的后续步骤，能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。 5．解析：选E。由上文“Most of the garbage in the oceans comes down rivers.”可知，海洋中的垃圾主要来自河流，下文“Hence the Interceptor helps a lot to stop pollution before it enters the ocean.”进一步说明了拦截者的作用。本空应承上启下，强调拦截者必须阻止来自河流的新的垃圾进入海洋，E项能承上启下，符合题意。故选E。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2025·浙江嘉兴期末)The world's largest three­dimensional LEGO model of “Along the River During the Qingming Festival” was displayed in Hong Kong last week. Covering 47 square meters, the exhibit became a popular attraction, artfully 1 (piece) together a wonderful world where the old and the new met. “We rolled out this exhibit mainly 2 (promote) traditional Chinese culture through creative events appealing to young people, ” said a deputy general manager of Bank of China. As people walked along the 26­meter­long and three­dimensional model made of up to 3 million lego bricks, they could picture themselves in lively ancient streets, 3 sellers were offering goods and kids were playing hide and seek. Pointing at 4 two­storey building with a front door decorated with colorful ribbons, Li Chun­tung, a 5 (lecture) at the University of Hong Kong, said, “This was one of the 6 (busy) restaurants then, with decorations that were typical 7 inns and bars in Northern Song Dynasty.” The lego model recreated many details of life over centuries ago, much the same as those presented in the painting.It combined two 8 (entire) different cultural representatives from the East and the West, 9 (offer) viewers a glimpse into the past and inspired them to explore the 10 (rich) of Chinese heritage. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在香港展出的乐高立体情景模型《清明上河图》，该模型结合了东西方文化。 1．解析：piecing。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，谓语动词是“became”，因此此处需要用非谓语动词，动词“piece”和所修饰词“the exhibit”之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填piecing。 2．解析：to promote。考查不定式。不定式作目的状语，故填to promote。 3．解析：where。考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词lively ancient streets，先行词在从句中作地点状语，应该用关系副词where。故填where。 4．解析：a。考查冠词。表示泛指“一栋前门用彩带装饰的两层楼建筑”，需要不定冠词修饰，且two的发音为辅音音素开头，这里使用不定冠词a。故填a。 5．解析：lecturer。考查名词。根据语境，需在设空处填上名词，作主语。lecturer意为“讲师”，符合句意。不定冠词a提示用名词单数形式。故填lecturer。 6．解析：busiest。考查形容词最高级。修饰名词 restaurants，位于one of the后通常用形容词最高级。busy的最高级是busiest，故填busiest。 7．解析：of。考查介词。句意：香港大学讲师李春东(Li Chun­tung)指着一栋前门用彩带装饰的两层楼建筑说：“这是当时最繁忙的饭馆之一，是北宋时期典型的客栈和酒肆样式”。表示“是……的典型特征”用typical of，故填of。 8．解析：entirely。考查副词。修饰形容词different应用副词entirely，故填entirely。 9．解析：offering。考查非谓语动词。此处用非谓语动词作状语，应用现在分词形式表示伴随状况，故填offering。 10．解析：richness。考查名词。设空处需填名词作宾语，richness是不可数名词。故填richness。 $