[课后分层练8]-【正禾一本通】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修2同步课堂高效讲义配套练习（人教版）

[课后分层练8] (时间：40分钟　满分：65.5分) Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每小题1分，共8分) 1．It was the first time that I had read (read) such brilliant fiction. 2．To our relief, we had finished (finish) most of the task by the end of last week. 3．When the air crash occurred, the plane had flown (fly) for 10 hours. 4．Arthur was surprised when he arrived home because the tornado had torn (tear) the roof of his house off. 5．The manager said at yesterday's meeting that we wouldn't start the work until all the preparations had been made (make). 6．All the furniture had been moved (move) to another room before the moving company came. 7．By the end of last year, The Three­Body Problem had been translated (translate) into more than ten languages. 8．All the fine ladies and gentlemen of the countryside had been invited (invite) before the party began. Ⅱ.完成句子(每小题2分，共10分) 1．我本打算周五下午和你一起去书店，但是一些意想不到的事情发生了。 I had intended to go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon，but something unexpected happened. 2．这是我第一次参加越野跑，兴奋之情难以言表。 It was the first time that I had got involved in the cross­country run，so my excitement was beyond description. 3．会议结束时宣布已经达成协议。 At the end of the meeting，it was announced that an agreement had been reached． 4．她告诉我这是她来这所学校以来参加过的最有教育意义的讲座。 She told me it was the most educational lecture that she had attended since she came to this school. 5．去年我去拜访苏珊的时候，她已经辞去了收入丰厚的工作，在街区做志愿者。 Susan had quit her well­paid job and was working as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last year. Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2025·浙江温州检测)Our earliest ancestors trapped or hunted what meat they ate.When we learned to domesticate (驯化)animals, we raised them on our land, or we wandered the land with our herds.No matter which tribe we belonged to, our animals were our property.We ate their flesh in small portions, and we ate almost every bit of them, especially the poorest among us. The Industrial Revolution changed meat.In the 19th century, refrigeration enabled meat to be trucked in from far away, or shipped from even further away, which eventually led to the destroying of forests in places like Brazil.Production then became more efficient.By the late 1940s, antibiotics (抗生素) became routine in chicken feed.By the late 1990s, genetically modified (转基因的) corn and soy brought abundant crops of animal feed.Animals were bred to be bigger and faster­growing.In the U．S., government subsidies (补贴) helped: free groundwater, federally backed loans, price guarantees for feed crops.And meat went big. Today the ＄1 trillion global meat industry is dominated by a handful of companies, including JBS, Cargill, and Tyson.Since 1961, meat production has increased four times, dwarfing the growth in the human population, which merely doubled. Meat went from being special to being an everyday right.The more we developed, the more flesh we ate.China's meat consumption jumped sharply, from about 6.6 pounds per person in 1961 to more than 140 pounds in 2024.But the United States became the lions of Planet Carnivore (食肉动物).On average, Americans went from eating around 207 pounds of meat in 1961 to 280 pounds in 2024, and chicken came to dominate. It wasn't just chicken consumption that changed.Follow a chicken truck to the butchery—continued forest destruction, an alarming rise in antibiotic­resistant bacteria, ever­increasing greenhouse gas emissions—and you realize what a dark shadow we have cast over where we live. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了肉类生产从早期到现在的变化，阐述了工业化对肉类生产的影响、肉类消费的增长情况以及由此带来的环境问题。 1．How did the Industrial Revolution affect meat? A．It caused a sharp fall in the price of meat. B．It decreased the nutritional value of meat. C．It restricted the use of antibiotics in meat. D．It revolutionized meat production and distribution． 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第二段中“The Industrial Revolution changed meat.In the 19th century, refrigeration enabled meat to be trucked in from far away, or shipped from even further away, which eventually led to the destroying of forests in places like Brazil.Production then became more efficient.By the late 1940s, antibiotics became routine in chicken feed.By the late 1990s, genetically modified corn and soy brought abundant crops of animal feed.Animals were bred to be bigger and faster­growing.”可知，工业革命在肉类的生产(如培育动物、饲料变化等)和运输(制冷技术使远距离运输成为可能)方面带来了巨大变革。故选D。 2．What does the underlined word “dwarfing” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Making something seem small. B．Greatly expanding something. C．Matching something in number. D．Negatively impacting something. 解析：选A。词句猜测题。根据画线词所在句“Since 1961, meat production has increased four times, dwarfing the growth in the human population, which merely doubled.”可知，肉类产量增长四倍，而人口只增长一倍，对比之下，人口增长就显得很少了。所以“dwarfing”意思是“使某物显得小”。故选A。 3．How does the author show the rapid increase in meat consumption? A．By making a comparison. B．By giving explanations. C．By introducing a concept. D．By making a prediction. 解析：选A。推理判断题。根据第四段中“China's meat consumption jumped sharply, from about 6.6 pounds per person in 1961 to more than 140 pounds in 2024.But the United States became the lions of Planet Carnivore.On average, Americans went from eating around 207 pounds of meat in 1961 to 280 pounds in 2024, and chicken came to dominate.”可知，作者通过对比同一阶段中国和美国的人均肉类消费量，来体现肉类消费的快速增长。故选A。 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Antibiotics Has Transformed Chicken Feed B．Global Companies Dominate Meat Industry C．Our Taste for Flesh Has Exhausted the Earth D．Meat Production Results in Forest Destruction 解析：选C。标题归纳题。通读全文，结合最后一段中“Follow a chicken truck to the butchery—continued forest destruction, an alarming rise in antibiotic­resistant bacteria, ever­increasing greenhouse gas emissions—and you realize what a dark shadow we have cast over where we live.”可知，文章主要讲述了人类对肉类的大量需求和消费导致了一系列环境问题，地球不堪重负。C选项“Our Taste for Flesh Has Exhausted the Earth(我们对肉类的喜好让地球不堪重负)”能概括文章主旨，适合做标题。故选C。 B (2025·湖南长沙检测)A new report connects eating eggs to an increased risk of heart disease.The results follow several earlier studies that found eating eggs was generally healthy.The study collects data from six other earlier studies.It shows a 6 percent increased risk of heart disease when the number of eggs a person ate each day increased by half an egg. Norrina Allen, an associate professor at Northwestern University said that, in the United States, eggs are generally one of the top sources of cholesterol (胆固醇) in a person's daily food.People with higher levels of cholesterol in their food are at increased risk of the development of heart disease later in life.However, Allen added that she would not say that eggs are completely unhealthy.“I'm not saying that people should take them completely out of their food，” she said.“I'm just suggesting that people eat them in a proper amount.” Some experts believe the new study does not prove that eggs are causing heart disease.“Cholesterol's role in the development of heart disease has been discussed for more than 30 years，” said Dennis Bruemmer, an associate professor of medicine at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center.“This study does have clear shortcomings, including self­reporting at a single time point，” he added. Bruemmer said, “Eggs in moderation (适度) are probably acceptable from a nutritional standpoint.” “Moderation，” he added, “is less than one egg a day, including eggs in foods such as bread.” Holly Andersen, a doctor at the New York­Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center, agrees that the study has “real shortcomings”．One problem Andersen has with the study is that a lot of the egg­eating people in the study also appeared to be eating much meat and processed meat.“If you're taking a lot of processed meat, it doesn't matter how many eggs you're eating，” Andersen said. Also, Andersen said, “The study can only show there is a relation between eggs eating and heart disease.But it cannot prove eggs are the cause of the disease.It may just be that people eating a lot of eggs are also taking a lot of bacon.” [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了鸡蛋与心脏病风险之间的关系，并引用了多位专家的观点。 5．What does Norrina Allen agree with? A．Eggs are completely unhealthy. B．Eggs contain the most cholesterol. C．Eggs should be eaten in a right amount. D．Eggs have no connection with heart disease． 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“I'm just suggesting that people eat them in a proper amount.”可知，Norrina Allen认为鸡蛋应该适量食用。故选C。 6．What is Bruemmer's attitude towards the study? A．Interested. B．Doubtful. C．Indifferent. D．Hopeful. 解析：选B。推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“This study does have clear shortcomings, including self­reporting at a single time point，”可推知，Bruemmer对这项研究持怀疑态度。故选B。 7．What can we learn from Holly Andersen's words? A．Eggs and meat cannot be eaten together. B．Processed meat may cause heart disease. C．Processed meat should be avoided. D．The study is supported by evidence. 解析：选B。推理判断题。根据文章第五段中Holly Andersen说的话可知，Holly Andersen提到研究中食用鸡蛋较多的人群可能同时摄入大量加工肉类，并指出“若摄入大量加工肉，吃的鸡蛋数量无关紧要”，暗示加工肉可能是心脏病的诱因。由此推知，Holly Andersen认为加工肉类可能导致心脏病。故选B。 8．What's the best title for the text? A．Do Eggs Cause Heart Disease? B．Are Eggs the Top Source of Cholesterol? C．What's the Proper Amount of Eggs Eaten? D．Is the Cholesterol to Blame for Heart Disease? 解析：选A。标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“A new report connects eating eggs to an increased risk of heart disease.”可知，本文主要讨论了鸡蛋与心脏病之间的关系，并引用了多位专家的观点。由此可知，最佳标题是“Do Eggs Cause Heart Disease？(鸡蛋会导致心脏病吗？)”。故选A。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) Before 2022, there was barely a whisper about it.1( ) A quick TikTok search, for instance, finds that videos related to “food noise explained” attracted 1.8 billion views as of this summer.“Food noise”， which sounds negative, actually describes some of the most basic human drives: hunger, appetite, longing．But now these are being seen as problems, rather, than features.2( ) To call something noise is to go beyond describing it: It's to prove that simply loving food, letting food occupy our thoughts and responding to our hunger is questionable.But it isn't. 3( ), Food connects us to ourselves, and with each other, and there is real harm in teaching people to view the pleasure they take such fare as a problem.English food writer Nigella Lawson wrote in a post that she “couldn't bear to live without food noise.” One commenter responded in agreement—“I believe it is called ‘food music’．” Some people who agree with the term “food noise” experience intense food thoughts, as well as engaging in harmful behaviors such as bingeing (大吃大喝) 4( ) In other words, food noise is what may happen when you're not eating enough to satisfy your appetite, often under the pressure of diet­culture. As for any of us, the joy and pleasure of food should not be discounted.We need to eat to live, of course, but it goes beyond that; to live to eat has long given many of us meaning.Food noise should not be treated as a problem.5( ) A．We should resist this definition. B．They avoid responsible thoughts on food. C．“Food noise” was invented by social media users. D．Rather, we might call it “food music”， and dance to it. E．The pleasure we take from food is an important human good. F．But according to the experts, these problems are often rooted in restriction. G．Now the concept of “food noise” seems to be everywhere on social media. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。“食物噪音”概念从鲜有人提及社交媒体热议，虽有人视其为问题，但不应如此，可称其为“食物音乐”。 1．解析：选G。由上文“Before 2022, there was barely a whisper about it.”可知，说的是之前“food noise”鲜有人提及，空格处应与之前形成对比，说明现在的情况。G项与上文形成时间上的对比，体现“食物噪音”从几乎无人提及如今在社交媒体随处可见的变化，符合语境。故选G。 2．解析：选A。由上文“‘Food noise’， which sounds negative, actually describes some of the most basic human drives: hunger, appetite, longing.But now these are being seen as problems, rather, than features.”可知，这里在阐述“食物噪音”的概念以及人们对其看法的转变，将原本正常的人类驱动力视为问题，A项符合语境，承接上文，表明不应认同这种将正常人类驱动力视为问题的定义。故选A。 3．解析：选E。由下文“Food connects us to ourselves, and with each other, and there is real harm in teaching people to view the pleasure they take such fare as a problem.”可知，此处强调从食物中获得快乐很重要，不能将其视为问题，E项符合语境，引出下文对食物带来快乐的重要性阐述。故选E项。 4．解析：选F。由上文“Some people who agree with the term ‘food noise’ experience intense food thoughts, as well as engaging in harmful behaviors such as bingeing”以及下文“In other words, food noise is what may happen when you're not eating enough to satisfy your appetite, often under the pressure of diet­culture.”可知，上文提到一些有害行为，下文解释食物噪音产生原因与节食文化压力下没吃饱有关，F项符合语境，承上启下，指出上文有害行为的根源在于限制，与下文节食文化压力下的情况相呼应。故选F。 5．解析：选D。由上文“Food noise should not be treated as a problem.”可知，这里表明对“食物噪音”不应持视为问题的态度，D项符合语境，承接上文，进一步说明不应将其视为问题，而是换一种积极的称呼并享受。故选D。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2025·海南海口期末)Herbal medicine is an important part of Chinese culture and the practice of traditional Chinese medicine.1 difficult the situation was, the emperor Shen Nong attempted to taste various herbs.This allowed him to teach the Chinese people how to use them in their diet and 2 (treat) for illness.These herbs help the body to stay in balance and goji berries are one of them. In fact, before 200 B．C., goji berries (枸杞) 3 (use) in traditional Chinese medicine.In China, goji berries are known 4 “wolfberry fruit” and they were once mentioned in the oldest book of Chinese herbs in existence, Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing.They are also known to act 5 (positive) on the organs because of the detoxifying (解毒) properties, thus 6 (contribute) to our qi and energy. Goji berries are 7 excellent source of antioxidants (抗氧化剂), amino acids and 20 other trace 8 (mineral).The list of goji berry benefits is long, making 9 possible to promote healthy skin, protect eye health, adjust blood sugar levels and fight cancer. In China, goji berries are commonly cooked and added to recipes like porridge, soups and dishes 10 (make) with chicken, pork or vegetables.They are also used to make various teas, juices and wines. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了枸杞作为一种中药材的用途和营养成分。 1．解析：However。考查让步状语从句。空处引导让步状语从句，从句中修饰difficult，“无论情况多艰难，神农氏努力去尝试各种草药”，用however。首字母大写。故填However。 2．解析：treatment。考查名词。根据空前的“their diet and”可知，此处应用名词形式treatment与diet并列，作介词in的宾语。故填treatment。 3．解析：had been used。考查时态、语态。根据时间状语“before 200 B．C.”可知，句子时态应用过去完成时，且主语“goji berries”与动词use之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；故填had been used。 4．解析：as。考查介词。此处考查固定搭配be known as，意为“作为……而出名”，符合句意。故填as。 5．解析：positively。考查副词。此处应用副词形式positively作状语，修饰动词act。故填positively。 6．解析：contributing。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词，此处应用非谓语动词作状语；主语they与动词contribute之间是主动关系，且表示自然而然的结果，应用现在分词作状语。故填contributing。 7．解析：an。考查冠词。根据空格后的单数可数名词source可知，空格处应该用不定冠词，泛指“一个”，且excellent的发音是以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 8．解析：minerals。考查名词复数。mineral意为“矿物质”，根据“20 other trace”可知，此处是可数名词，应用其复数形式。故填minerals。 9．解析：it。考查代词。make it ＋adj.to do为固定搭配，it作形式宾语。故填it。 10．解析：made。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词，此处应用非谓语动词；动词make与dishes之间为被动关系，应用其过去分词作后置定语。故填made。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $