Unit 5 Languages Around the World Reading and Thinking 分层作业-2025-2026学年高一英语人教版必修第一册

Unit 5 Period 2 Reading and Thinking 一、品句填词 1.（2023·全国甲卷）He reached the destination d　　　　　　 many hardships， including terrible weather conditions and lack of food and water. 2.The activity not only strengthened their friendship but also built up their c　　　　　　. 3.Now， as a s　　　　　　 of China， the Great Wall has become one of the most famous tourist attractions in the world. 4.The bad weather is an important f　　　　　　 in the failure of the project. 5.Our English teacher encouraged us to read English 　　　　　　（名著） to enlarge our vocabulary. 6.As is known to all， the valuable painting dates back to the Ming 　　　　　　（朝代）. 7.I am glad to know that you have joined your school’s 　　　　　　（书法） club. 8.While her 　　　　　　（本地的） language/tongue is German， she could speak English fluently. 二、阅读理解 A Many countries around the globe pride themselves on their lingual diversity. Here are a few of the most polyglot (使用多语言的) places on Earth. Aruba Aruba sits in the far southern Caribbean sea near Venezuela. Dutch is an official language and is taught in all schools, both English and Spanish are also compulsory (必修的) languages in Aruba's education system. However, none of these languages is considered the native language of Aruba on the street, at home locals communicate with one another in Papiament. Papiamento is an official language alongside Dutch, and it is used regularly in the media and in government. East Timor This tiny young nation sits in the far south­eastern corner of the Indonesian Archipelago. Once a colony (殖民地) of Portugal, Timor decided to adopt Portuguese as an official language after independence. The local tongue, Tetum, is the most widely spoken language on the street. In addition, English and Indonesian are used throughout the country, and both are officially recognized as working languages. India Hindi and English are the official national languages of India, and the majority of educated Indians have knowledge of both, though English is preferred over Hindi in southern India. Each state in India has its own official language(s), most of which differ from Hindi. These languages are used in the local media and on the street. South Africa South Africa has 11 official languages. In many urban areas, English is the lingua franca (通用语). It is also the main language of the government and the media, even though less than ten percent of South Africans speak it as a first language. Afrikaans, a Germanic language similar to Dutch, is spoken in the southern and western regions of the country. South Africa has nine official Bantu languages, of which：Zulu and Xhosa are the most common. 1．Which of the following is the official language of Aruba? A．Dutch and Spanish. B．Dutch and Papiamento. C．Spanish and English. D．English and Papiamento. 2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A．Aruba was once a colony of Portugal. B．East Timor lies in the far southern Caribbean sea. C．English is preferred over Hindi in India. D．South Africa media uses English as the main language. 3．What do these places have in common? A．They adopt English as an official language. B．They are education­centred places. C．They have no official language. D．They are multilingual communities. B Language is born of culture and in turn reflects the history of a culture.This is clear when we compare English in Britain, the United States and Australia. Of the three dialects, British English has the most confusing grammar and spelling rules.This is probably because the development of English has been under the control of the upper class.The modern English language came into being in the 18th century.The upper class who spoke French wanted to show their influence and make themselves different from the uneducated working people.In other words, British English reflects the English character with class. The US dialect is generally recognised as the easiest to understand.Compared with British English, its spelling is more connected with its pronunciation.And its grammatical rules are much easier to follow.What's more, its words are simpler to pronounce.For foreigners, it's much easier to learn.That's why American English is more popular in the world. The reason why American English is simpler than British English is connected with its special history. British English was mainly influenced by the upper class.But American upper class didn't exist when American English was born. American English was based on the dialects spoken by working people from different countries.So the formation of American English was based on a rule to help all the working people with different cultural backgrounds communicate more easily. Australian English is different from British and American English.It is the most vulgar (粗俗的) of the three.Actually, it has a tendency to show its invention, disrespect and humor.At times, this can make it almost impossible to understand and quite impolite to some educated speakers.That is partly connected with special identity of the early settlers. 4．Why is British English more confusing than American English? A．Because it was influenced by the upper class. B．Because English people are more educated. C．Because it was totally created by Frenchmen. D．Because England was more powerful in the past. 5．American English is more popular than British English worldwide because________. A．it has fewer words B．the US has a shorter history C．the US has a larger population D．it is easier to learn for foreigners 6．What can we infer from the text? A．Australian English is easy to understand. B．Australian English is preferred by educated people. C．Modern English became popular in the 18th century. D．American English may develop from working people's language. 7．Which of the following can best describe Australian English? A．Polite. B．Rude.　 C．Welcome.　 D．Special. 三、阅读七选五 As an English learner, we sometimes get questions like this: “How can I speak English with more confidence？” That is a great question. __1__ Today, we have several pieces of advice to help you. Every day, the most important person you talk to is yourself. That's to say, your own thoughts matter. If you lack confidence as an English speaker, you may say things like, “English is too hard.” “I'm so sorry for my English.” What's worse, you are sure to start believing them. ___2__ To sound more confident, speak loudly and slowly enough so that people can easily hear you. Many English learners worry that speaking too slow will make them sound inexperienced. __3__ So avoid worrying that you are speaking too slow for the people around you. __4__ If you are not confident, you may try to say as little as possible. For example, if asked what people's favorite color is, an English learner may give a short, direct response like, “blue”， while a native English speaker is likely to say, “Well, to be quite honest, I don't really have an actual color, but I guess I may go for something like blue or grey.” Reading out loud can help build confidence in how your English sounds. List words you have trouble saying and later check their pronunciation. __5__ So avoid checking word meanings in a dictionary while reading. A．But you are more likely to make mistakes if speaking too fast. B．Take a few minutes to read the materials that you enjoy aloud. C．So replace unhelpful thoughts with better ones when speaking. D．Using long sentences shows that you speak English confidently. E．Learners should read for pleasure and enjoy what they are reading. F．Speak in complete sentences and give longer responses when possible. G．Whatever language we are learning, we would all love to speak confidently. 四、读后续写 　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 　　Growing up， I wanted to be just like my mom.She was kind and caring， and always made people comfortable.For years she was a volunteer in our community.I love going to the local nursing home to help with her when I was a child.However， once I became a teenager， I was too caught up in my world to worry about helping others. One summer day when I was 12， Mom came into my room and told me to get up and meet her at the car.But I had planned to spend the day at the lake with friends.Why did she have to ruin everything？ At last， I made my way outside with my mother.Angry and annoyed， I climbed into the car and shut the door loudly.I sat in silence， too upset to talk.“Tasha， do you know where we are going？” Mom asked calmly.I remained silent.“Sweetheart， we’re going to the children’s shelter.I have been there before and I think it would benefit you，” she explained. I feel a pain slowly form in my stomach.How was I supposed to help there？ When we reached the shelter， I was rather surprised.As we approached the front door， wind bells played a calming tune while trees and flowers welcomed us.Maybe this wasn’t going to be so. Mom rang the doorbell.We were led to the front room， where all of the children were playing.Toys were spread out across the floor.I noticed a baby whose body was seriously wounded.Most of the children had noticeable physical scars such as cuts， burns and scratches.What a terrible life they must have had before they moved here！ My heart sank.As I was looking around， I felt a gentle pull on my shirt. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。 　　I looked down to find a little girl with brown eyes looking up at me.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　I returned to the shelter with Mom several times.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 一、品句填词 1.despite　2.character　3.symbol　4.factor　5.classics 6.Dynasty　7.calligraphy　8.native 二、阅读理解 1．选B　细节理解题。根据第二段“Papiamento is an official language alongside Dutch, and it is used regularly in the media and in government.”可知，荷兰语和帕皮阿门托语是阿鲁巴的官方语言。故选B。 2．选D　细节理解题。根据最后一段“In many urban areas ... first language.”可知，D选项“南非媒体使用英语作为主要语言”正确。故选D。 3．选D　细节理解题。根据第一段“Many countries around the globe pride themselves on their lingual diversity. Here are a few of the most polyglot (使用多语言的) places on Earth.”可知，这些地方的共同之处是他们是多语言社会。故选D。　 4．选A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Of the three dialects ... under the control of the upper class.”可知，是因为英式英语的发展受到上流社会的影响。 5．选D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Compared with British English, its spelling is more connected with its pronunciation ...That's why American English is more popular in the world.”可知，是因为美式英语更容易学。 6．选D　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“American English was based on ... communicate more easily.”可推测美式英语是来源于劳动人民的语言。 7．选B　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“It is the most vulgar (粗俗的) of the three.Actually, it has a tendency to show its invention, disrespect and humor.”可知答案。 三、阅读七选五 1．选G　根据前文“As an English learner ...English with more confidence？”可知，此处是讲自信地说外语，所以选项G “无论我们在学什么语言，我们都想要自信地说。”切合文意。 2．选C　根据前文“If you lack confidence as an English speaker ...I'm so sorry for my English.”可知，选项C中的unhelpful thoughts是指认为自己的英文很差，与前文相对应；再根据前文“That's to say, your own thoughts matter.”可知，因为你自己的想法很重要，所以要用好的想法代替无用的想法。所以选项C“所以说的时候，用更好的想法来代替无用的想法。”切合文意。 3．选A　根据前文“To sound more confident ...so that people can easily hear you.”可知，作者主张慢而大声地说英语；再根据前文“Many English learners worry ...make them sound inexperienced.”可知，此处应是讲说得太快会有什么坏处，选项A“但如果说得太快，你更容易出错。”切合文意。 4．选F　根据后文“For example, if asked what people's favorite color is ...but I guess I may go for something like blue or grey.”可知，作者主张用完整的句子尽可能给出较长的回答。所以选项F “用完整的句子说话，尽可能给出较长的回答。”切合文意。 5．选E　根据后文“So avoid checking word meanings in a dictionary while reading.”可知，空格处应解释在阅读的时候避免在词典里查词义的原因，所以选项E“学习者应该为快乐而阅读，享受他们正在阅读的东西。”切合文意。 四、读后续写 I looked down to find a little girl with brown eyes looking up at me.Her angelic face lighted， although there were some scars on her little arms.“Hi.I’m Ashley.Do you want to play dolls with me？” she asked.I looked over and saw Mom nodding to me with a smile.I bent toward Ashley and whispered， “Sure.I’d love to.” Her tiny hand reached up and took mine， and we walked toward the doll house.Our time together brought her great joy and fun and she also made my day. I returned to the shelter with Mom several times.During those visits， some of the children including Ashley shared their troubled pasts with me in great detail.I felt sorry for what had happened to them and treasured the friendship between us.I would like to do everything in my power to help the children there.At the same time， I learned to be grateful for all that I had.It was a meaningful time in my young life that I will never forget.It was Mom who taught me the valuable lesson that summer. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $