Unit5 Revealing nature Understanding Ideas 知识清单-2025-2026学年高中英语外研版选择性必修第一册

外研版高中英语选修一U5 Understanding Ideas知识梳理 Part 1 Unit 5 Understanding Ideas重点短语 profit by 从……中获益 distant countries yet little known 鲜为人知的遥远国家 answer the call 响应号召 a disgrace to 给……带来耻辱 be fascinated by 对……着迷 collect samples 收集样本 come to exist 形成，存在 at the same time 同时 adapt to 适应 changing environments 变化的环境 look for evidence 寻找证据 a variety of 各种各样的 new species 新物种 according to 根据…… common ancestor 共同祖先 evolve into 进化成 theory of evolution 进化论 cause a storm 引起轰动（引发争议） convincing evidence 有说服力的证据 be regarded as 被视为 change ideas about 改变关于……的看法 【巩固练习】 profit by; answer the call; be fascinated by; adapt to; look for evidence; a variety of; evolve according to; be regarded as; change ideas about; convincing evidence 1. Many people _________________ the charm of traditional Chinese culture and spend much time learning it. 2. Scientists have been _________________ to prove the connection between climate change and animal migration. 3. After years of hard work, the researcher’s discovery provided _________________ for the new medical theory. 4. Animals must _________________the changing weather if they want to survive in the wild. 5. The old man often tells his grandchildren to _________________ their mistakes and never repeat them. 6. In history, many heroes _________________ of their country and devoted their lives to protecting it. 7. There are _________________ plants and animals in the rainforest, which makes it a precious ecological treasure. 8. Darwin’s theory says that all living things _________________ the laws of nature over millions of years. 9. Einstein _________________ one of the greatest scientists in the world because of his great contributions. 10. The new research results made people _________________ how the human brain works. Part 2 语法：过去完成时 1.定义 表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作，即 “过去的过去”。 By the time I arrived, the movie had already started.（我到达时，电影已经开始了。） 2.结构 肯定式：主语 + had + 过去分词 She had finished her homework before dinner. 否定式：主语 + had not + 过去分词 He hadn’t visited Paris before 2020. 疑问式：Had + 主语 + 过去分词？ --Had they left when you called? --Yes, they had. / No, they hadn’t. 3.时间状语 0. 明确时间点：by + 过去时间（如 by last night）、before + 过去动作（如 before she came）。 0. 隐含时间关系：when/after 引导的时间状语从句（主句动作先于从句）。 After he had left, I found his keys. 4.被动语态 0. 结构：主语 + had been + 过去分词 The project had been completed by the team before the deadline. 5.固定句型 0. It was the first/second time + 过去完成时 4. 例：It was the second time he had won the award. 0. Hardly/Scarcely had + 主语 + 过去分词 + when… 5. 例：Hardly had I sat down when the phone rang. 【巩固练习】 一、用过去完成时填空。 1.By the end of last year, we ______ (learn) 2,000 English words. 2.She told me she ______ (never see) such a beautiful sunset. 3.The train ______ (leave) when I got to the station. 4.They ______ (not finish) the work before the teacher came. 5.Had you ______ (book) the tickets before the price increased? 答案： 1.had learned（by + 过去时间点，用过去完成时）。 2.had never seen（told 是过去时，see 发生在 told 之前）。 3.had left（got 是过去时，leave 先于到达）。 4.hadn’t finished（before 引导时间状语从句，主句用过去完成时）。 5.booked（疑问句结构：Had + 主语 + 过去分词）。 二、改写句子。 1.He ate breakfast. Then he went to school. → He ______ ______ breakfast before he ______ to school. 2.The team completed the project. The manager praised them. → After the team ______ ______ the project, the manager praised them. 3.She didn’t watch the movie because she had seen it before. → She ______ ______ the movie before, so she didn’t watch it. 答案 1.had eaten; went（动作先后顺序）。 2.had completed（after 引导从句，主句动作先于从句）。 3.had seen（原因状语从句，see 发生在 didn’t watch 之前）。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $