Unit 6 Seasons 语法Grammar 动词及基本句型-2025-2026学年八年级英语上册单元题型练习（译林版2024）

班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 6 Seasons 动词及基本句型 （时间：60分钟，满分：60分） 1.主语 + 谓语 （S-V） 此句型中的谓语是不及物动词，不及物动词本身有完整意义，不需要加宾语。 They walked and laughed. 2.主语 + 系动词 + 表语 （S-V-P） 此句型中系动词包括 be 动词、感官动词以及 seem、appear、remain、keep、become 等。 The flowers look beautiful. 3.主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 （S-V-O） 此句型中的谓语是及物动词，本身不具有完整意义，需要加宾语完成整个动作。 Lucy played basketball yesterday. 知识对点练习 单项选择(本大题共30小题，每小题2分，共60分) 1．I can’t see my friends on school days. A．主语 B．谓语 C．宾语 D．状语 【答案】B 【详解】句意：上学的日子我不能见我的朋友。 考查句子成分。“情态动词can’t+实义动词see”构成复合谓语，意为“不能看见”，故选B。 2．Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. A．主语 B．谓语 C．宾语 D．表语 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在阳光下阅读对你的眼睛有害。 考查句子成分。主语是句子陈述的对象；谓语是说明主语的动作/状态；宾语是动作的承受者；表语是说明主语的身份/特征。本句中“Reading in the sun”是动名词短语，在句中充当被陈述的对象，是句子的主语。故选A。 3．She is more serious than any other teacher. A．宾语 B．谓语 C．表语 D．宾补 【答案】C 【详解】句意：她比其他任何老师都更严肃。 考查句子成分。句中下划线部分“more serious”为形容词比较级，在系动词“is”后作表语，说明主语的特征。故选C。 4．People in the neighborhood was busy. A．谓语 B．定语 C．表语 D．主语 【答案】C 【详解】句意：附近的人很忙。 考查句子成分。 “People in the neighborhood”是主语，其中“in the neighborhood”是介词短语作后置定语，修饰People。was是系动词，构成句子的谓语部分。busy 跟在系动词 was后面，用来说明主语的状态或特征，因此是表语，表语的作用是对主语进行补充说明，通常由形容词、名词或代词充当。故选C。 5．He expected all of the passengers to get off and wait for the next bus. A．宾语 B．定语 C．主语 D．谓语 【答案】D 【详解】句意：他希望所有乘客都下车等下一班公共汽车。 考查句子成分。He（主语）发出动作“expected”（动作的核心），后接宾语“all of the passengers...”。划线词“expected”是谓语动词，表达主语的动作。故选D。 6．Learning some study skills can help students a lot with their studies. A．主语 B．谓语 C．宾语 D．状语 【答案】A 【详解】句意：学习一些学习技巧对学生的学习有很大帮助。 考查句子成分。分析句子成分可知，划线部分“Learning some study skills”为动名词作主语。故选A。 7．The food tastes really delicious, because mom cooks it with love. A．表语 B．谓语 C．状语 D．主语 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这食物尝起来真的很美味，因为妈妈是带着爱烹饪它的。 考查句子成分。delicious“美味的”，是形容词，位于系动词“tastes”之后，在句中作表语。故选A。 8．You should always help with housework at home. A．主语 B．谓语 C．宾语 D．定语 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你应该总是在家帮忙做家务。 考查句子成分。分析句子可知，housework作介词with的宾语。故选C。 9．Who should get the job? A．主语 B．谓语 C．表语 D．宾语 【答案】B 【详解】句意：“谁应该得到这份工作？”中划线部分“should get”是谓语。 考查句子成分和特殊疑问句。根据“Who should get the job?”和划线部分可知，句子为Who引导的特殊疑问句，Who为主语，“助动词should+动词原形get”为谓语，the job为宾语，划线部分should get是谓语。故选B。 10．There are some differences between my best friend and me. A．主语 B．表语 C．状语 D．谓语 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我最好的朋友和我之间有一些不同。 考查句子结构。该句是there be句型，遵循“就近原则”，后接名词，名词“some differences”是真正的主语，故选A。 11．What is the sentence pattern of “He likes English”? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+O+OC 【答案】B 【详解】句意：“He likes English”这句话的句型结构是什么？ 考查基本句型结构。S+V主语+谓语；S+V+O主语+谓语+宾语；S+V+P主语+谓语+表语；S+V+O+OC主语+谓语+宾语+宾补。根据“He likes English”可知“He”是主语；“likes”是谓语；“English”是宾语，句子结构为S+V+O。故选B。 12．Which of the following sentences has the structure (结构) of “S+V+O” (主谓宾) ? A．Hangzhou is a beautiful city. B．We like playing football. C．The courses start at the end of July. D．The little girl is dancing happily. 【答案】B 【详解】句意：下面句子中哪个是主谓宾结构的句子？ 考查句子结构。Hangzhou is a beautiful city.杭州是一座美丽的城市；We like playing football.我们喜欢踢足球；The courses start at the end of July.课程在七月底开始。“S+V+O”结构包含“主语+及物动词+宾语”。选项B“We like playing football.”中，“We”是主语，“like”为及物动词，后接宾语“playing football”（动名词短语），构成S（We）+V（like）+O（playing football）结构。故选B。 13．“We have four seasons.” The main structure of the sentence is ________. A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+DO+OC D．S+V+IO+DO 【答案】A 【详解】句意：“我们有四季。”这个句子的主要结构是S+V+O。 考查句子结构分析。在“We have four seasons.”中，We是句子的主语，have是谓语动词，four seasons是宾语。该句子结构为“主语+谓语+宾语”，即S+V+O。故选A。 14．Farmers harvest crops. The structure of the sentence is_________. A．S+V+O B．S+V+DO+OC C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+P 【答案】A 【详解】句意：农民收割庄稼。这个句子的结构是S+V+O。 考查句子结构分析。在“Farmers harvest crops.”中，Farmers是句子的主语，harvest是谓语动词，crops是宾语。该句子结构为“主语 + 谓语 + 宾语”，即S + V + O 。故选A。 15．What’s the sentence structure of “The book sells well”? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO 【答案】A 【详解】句意：“The book sells well”的句子结构是什么？ 考查句子结构。分析句子可知，“The book”是主语，“sells”是不及物动词作谓语，“well”作状语。故选A。 16．Which of the following sentences has the structure (结构) of “S+V+O” (主谓宾)? A．Hangzhou is a beautiful city. B．We like football. C．The courses start at the end of July. D．The little girl is dancing happily. 【答案】B 【详解】句意：下列哪个句子是“主谓宾”结构？ 考查句子结构。“S+V+O”表示“主谓宾”结构。Hangzhou is a beautiful city.中Hangzhou是主语，is是系动词，a beautiful city是表语，属于“主系表”结构；We like football.中We是主语，like是谓语，football是宾语，属于“主谓宾”结构；The courses start at the end of July.中The courses是主语，start是谓语，at the end of July是时间状语，属于“主谓+状语”结构；The little girl is dancing happily.中The little girl是主语，is dancing是谓语，happily是副词，修饰动词dancing，属于“主谓+状语”结构。因此，只有“We like football.”是“主谓宾”结构。故选B。 17．What is the correct structure for a sentence describing a hobby in English? A．Subject + Verb + Object + Hobby. B．Hobby + Subject + Verb + Object. C．Subject + Hobby + Verb + Object. D．Subject + Verb + Hobby + Object. 【答案】A 【详解】句意：用英语描述爱好的句子的正确结构是什么？ 考查句子结构。Subject + Verb + Object + Hobby.主语+动词+宾语+爱好；Hobby + Subject + Verb + Object.爱好+主语+动词+宾语；Subject + Hobby + Verb + Object.主语+爱好+动词+宾语；Subject + Verb + Hobby + Object.主语+动词+爱好+宾语。在英语中，描述爱好的最常用、最核心的句子结构是“主语+动词（如like或enjoy）+宾语（动名词）+爱好”，例如：I enjoy playing basketball，故选A。 18．Which of the following sentences has the structure (结构) of “S+V+O” (主谓宾)? A．Hangzhou is a beautiful city. B．The class begins. C．Hangzhou held the 19th Asian Games. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：下列哪一个句子的结构是“S+V+O”(主谓宾)？ 考查句子成分。Hangzhou is a beautiful city.该句子结构是：主+系+表；The class begins.该句子结构是：主+谓；Hangzhou held the 19th Asian Games.该句子结构是：主+谓+宾。综上分析，故选C。 19．The sentence pattern of “I enjoy living in Lanzhou” is ________ . A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 【答案】A 【详解】句意：I enjoy living in Lanzhou这句话是主谓宾结构。 考查基本句型。S+V+O主+谓+宾；S+V+P主+系+表；S+V+IO+DO主+谓+宾+宾；S+V+DO+OC主+谓+宾+宾补。根据“I enjoy living in Lanzhou”可知，主语I；谓语enjoy；宾语living in Lanzhou。所以句式结构为“S+V+O”。故选A。 20．Which of the following sentences follows the structure S+V+O? A．Dolphins swim fast. B．The dress looks shiny in the sun. C．Peter built his dog a house. D．The volunteers are cleaning the street. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：下面哪个句子是主谓宾结构? 考查句子结构。Dolphins swim fast.句子结构为S+V；The dress looks shiny in the sun.句子结构为S+V+P；Peter built his dog a house.句子结构为S+V+IO+DO；The volunteers are cleaning the street.句子结构为S+V+O，符合题目要求。故选D。 21．The sentence is long and difficult. A．表语 B．定语 C．状语 D．谓语 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个句子又长又难。 考查句子成分。long“长的”，difficult“难的”，形容词在句中作表语，故选A。 22．Which is the sentence pattern of “The cake tastes sweet.”? A．S+V+O B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V D．S+V+P 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“这块蛋糕尝起来很甜。”是下面哪个句型？ 考查英语中的句子成分。A选项为：主语+谓语+宾语；B选项为：主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语；C选项为：主语+谓语；D选项为：主语+系动词+表语。所给例句中“The cake”作主语，由感官系动词“tastes”作谓语动词，“sweet”为形容词作表语。故本句结构为：主语+系动词+表语。故选D。 23．Which of the following sentences has the structure (结构) of “S+V+O” (主谓宾)? A．Hangzhou is a beautiful city. B．The 20th Asian Games will take place in Japan. C．Hangzhou held the 19th Asian Games. D．I buy my parents two tickets. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：下列哪一个句子的结构是“S+V+O”(主谓宾)？ 考查句子成分。Hangzhou is a beautiful city.（主+系+表）；The 20th Asian Games will take place in Japan.（主+谓）；Hangzhou held the 19th Asian Games.（主+谓+宾）；I buy my parents two tickets.（主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语）。故选C。 24．句子 “Your team won a basketball game again.”属于哪种简单的基本句型? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO 【答案】B 【详解】句意：句子 “Your team won a basketball game again.”属于哪种简单的基本句型？ 考查句子基本句型。此处主语为Your team；won为谓语；a basketball game为宾语。属于“S+V+O”结构。故选B。 25．— What’s the structure of the sentence “He is flying a kite now.”? — It is ________. A．S+V B．S+V+P C．S+V+O D．S+V+DO+OC 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——“他正在放风筝”这句话的结构是什么？——它是主谓宾结构。 考查句子结构。分析“He is flying a kite now.”可知，时态是现在进行时，He是主语，is flying是谓语，a kite是宾语，now是时间状语，所以这句话的结构是“主+谓+宾”。故选C。 26．What is the sentence structure of “You can find the answer to the question easily.”? A．S+V+P. B．S+V+DO+OC． C．S+V+IO+DO. D．S+V+O. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：下面哪个是“You can find the answer to the question easily.”的句型结构？ 考查基本句型。S+V+P主系表；S+V+DO+OC主谓+直接宾语+宾语补足语；S+V+IO+DO主谓+间接宾语+直接宾语；S+V+O主谓宾。You是主语，find是谓语动词，the answer to the question是宾语，所以本句符合主谓宾结构，故选D。 27．My first wish is to learn how to get along well with others. A．主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语 B．主语+及物动词+宾语 C．主语+系动词+表语 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的第一个希望是学习如何和别人相处。 考查句子结构。My first wish主语；is谓语，系动词；to learn how to get along well with others.表语。故选C。 28．I really enjoy walking around the town. A．主语+及物动词+宾语 B．主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补 C．主语+系动词+表语 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我真的很喜欢在城里散步。 考查基本句型。I作主语； enjoy作谓语；walking是动名词作宾语。所以是“主语+及物动词+宾语”结构。故选A。 29．Here is one way to make turkey for a Thanksgiving dinner. A．主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补 B．主语+不及物动词 C．主语+系动词+表语 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这里有一种方法可以为感恩节晚餐做火鸡。 考查基本句型。分析句子结构可知，此句为倒装句，one way to make turkey for a Thanksgiving dinner是句子主语，is是系动词，here作表语。故该句的基本句型应是：主语+系动词+表语。故选C。 30．The sentence structure of “ The food tastes better than I cooked last week” is________ A．S+V+P B．S+V C．S+V+DO+ OC D．S+V+O 【答案】A 【详解】句意：“ The food tastes better than I cooked last week” 的句子结构是“主语+系动词+表语”。 考查句子成分。A. S+V+P主语+谓语+表语；B. S+V主语+谓语；C. S+V+DO+ OC主语+谓语+直接宾语+宾补；D. S+V+O主语+谓语+宾语。句中The food是主语S；tastes是系动词V；形容词better作表语P；than I cooked last week做状语，所以句子结构是主语S+动词V+表语P结构，故选 A。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 6 Seasons 动词及基本句型 （时间：60分钟，满分：60分） 1.主语 + 谓语 （S-V） 此句型中的谓语是不及物动词，不及物动词本身有完整意义，不需要加宾语。 They walked and laughed. 2.主语 + 系动词 + 表语 （S-V-P） 此句型中系动词包括 be 动词、感官动词以及 seem、appear、remain、keep、become 等。 The flowers look beautiful. 3.主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 （S-V-O） 此句型中的谓语是及物动词，本身不具有完整意义，需要加宾语完成整个动作。 Lucy played basketball yesterday. 知识对点练习 单项选择(本大题共30小题，每小题2分，共60分) 1．I can’t see my friends on school days. A．主语 B．谓语 C．宾语 D．状语 2．Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. A．主语 B．谓语 C．宾语 D．表语 3．She is more serious than any other teacher. A．宾语 B．谓语 C．表语 D．宾补 4．People in the neighborhood was busy. A．谓语 B．定语 C．表语 D．主语 5．He expected all of the passengers to get off and wait for the next bus. A．宾语 B．定语 C．主语 D．谓语 6．Learning some study skills can help students a lot with their studies. A．主语 B．谓语 C．宾语 D．状语 7．The food tastes really delicious, because mom cooks it with love. A．表语 B．谓语 C．状语 D．主语 8．You should always help with housework at home. A．主语 B．谓语 C．宾语 D．定语 9．Who should get the job? A．主语 B．谓语 C．表语 D．宾语 10．There are some differences between my best friend and me. A．主语 B．表语 C．状语 D．谓语 11．What is the sentence pattern of “He likes English”? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+O+OC 12．Which of the following sentences has the structure (结构) of “S+V+O” (主谓宾) ? A．Hangzhou is a beautiful city. B．We like playing football. C．The courses start at the end of July. D．The little girl is dancing happily. 13．“We have four seasons.” The main structure of the sentence is ________. A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+DO+OC D．S+V+IO+DO 14．Farmers harvest crops. The structure of the sentence is_________. A．S+V+O B．S+V+DO+OC C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+P 15．What’s the sentence structure of “The book sells well”? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO 16．Which of the following sentences has the structure (结构) of “S+V+O” (主谓宾)? A．Hangzhou is a beautiful city. B．We like football. C．The courses start at the end of July. D．The little girl is dancing happily. 17．What is the correct structure for a sentence describing a hobby in English? A．Subject + Verb + Object + Hobby. B．Hobby + Subject + Verb + Object. C．Subject + Hobby + Verb + Object. D．Subject + Verb + Hobby + Object. 18．Which of the following sentences has the structure (结构) of “S+V+O” (主谓宾)? A．Hangzhou is a beautiful city. B．The class begins. C．Hangzhou held the 19th Asian Games. 19．The sentence pattern of “I enjoy living in Lanzhou” is ________ . A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 20．Which of the following sentences follows the structure S+V+O? A．Dolphins swim fast. B．The dress looks shiny in the sun. C．Peter built his dog a house. D．The volunteers are cleaning the street. 21．The sentence is long and difficult. A．表语 B．定语 C．状语 D．谓语 22．Which is the sentence pattern of “The cake tastes sweet.”? A．S+V+O B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V D．S+V+P 23．Which of the following sentences has the structure (结构) of “S+V+O” (主谓宾)? A．Hangzhou is a beautiful city. B．The 20th Asian Games will take place in Japan. C．Hangzhou held the 19th Asian Games. D．I buy my parents two tickets. 24．句子 “Your team won a basketball game again.”属于哪种简单的基本句型? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO 25．— What’s the structure of the sentence “He is flying a kite now.”? — It is ________. A．S+V B．S+V+P C．S+V+O D．S+V+DO+OC 26．What is the sentence structure of “You can find the answer to the question easily.”? A．S+V+P. B．S+V+DO+OC． C．S+V+IO+DO. D．S+V+O. 27．My first wish is to learn how to get along well with others. A．主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语 B．主语+及物动词+宾语 C．主语+系动词+表语 28．I really enjoy walking around the town. A．主语+及物动词+宾语 B．主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补 C．主语+系动词+表语 29．Here is one way to make turkey for a Thanksgiving dinner. A．主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补 B．主语+不及物动词 C．主语+系动词+表语 30．The sentence structure of “ The food tastes better than I cooked last week” is________ A．S+V+P B．S+V C．S+V+DO+ OC D．S+V+O 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $