专题02 词汇“双生花” -义近形近词精准辨析 （培优讲义）（全国通用）2026年高考英语二轮复习高效培优系列

专题02 词汇“双生花”——义近形近词精准辨析 目录 第一部分 阅读理解高频同义替换词清单 第二部分 115个形近词精准辨析 第1部分 阅读理解同义替换词详解清单 中文意思 英文同义表达 (多种表达) 区分​ distinguish / tell A from B 打扰​ cause trouble to / bother / disturb 描述​ describe / give a description of 锻炼​ exercise / work out / take exercise 谋生​ make / earn a living 代表​ represent / stand for / (be) on behalf of 担心​ worry about / be concerned / anxious about 结合​ combine / mix sth up 提到​ mention / refer to / talk about / of 前进​ advance / move forward / go ahead / go forward 重要​ count / matter / be important / be of importance / significant / vital / crucial 勇敢(去做)​ be brave to / have courage to 害怕​ fear / be afraid / scared of 劝某人做​ advise sb to do / try to persuade sb to do 劝某人不要做​ discourage sb from doing / persuade sb not to do 信任, 信赖​ trust / believe / have confidence / faith in 抵制​ boycott / refuse to accept / resist / reject 下降, 减少​ decline / come down / go down / drop / fall / decrease / reduce 开始存在​ appear / come into being / come into existence 删除​ delete / cut out 移走​ remove / take away 吸收​ absorb / take in 取消​ cancel / call off 与......一致​ agree with / be consistent with / correspond with 与......不同​ differ from / be different from / vary from...to... 把......分开​ break sth apart / split / divide / separate sth 用......替换​ replace...with / use...as an alternative to 逃跑​ escape / run away 算出​ calculate / figure out 进入​ enter / come into / go into 回答​ answer / reply to 收割​ harvest / gather / get in 相对立​ contradict / be opposite to 代替​ replace / take the place of 背诵​ recite / learn...by heart 离开, 放弃​ abandon / go away from / leave / give up 退(学)​ quit / drop out of (school) 推迟​ delay / postpone / put off 置若罔闻​ turn a deaf ear to / refuse to listen to 高兴起来​ cheer up / become happy 使生气​ annoy sb / make sb angry 相匹配​ match / go with 对......有害​ do harm to / be harmful to 做出决定​ determine / decide / make a decision 怒视​ glare at / look at sth angrily 相似, 相像​ resemble / be like / be similar to 低语, 耳语​ whisper / speak in a low voice 寻找, 追求​ seek / pursuit / look for / search for / hunt for 提高, 改善​ improve / promote / make better / become better 取笑, 逗弄​ tease / make fun of / laugh at / amuse 值得, 应得​ deserve sth / be worthy of sth / be worth doing sth 熟悉​ know...well / be familiar with 处理​ handle / settle / deal with / cope with (使)加速​ accelerate / speed up / quicken 去拿来​ fetch / go and bring back 占比例​ account for / make up 保证, 确保​ ensure / guarantee / make sure / make certain 澄清, 阐明​ clarify / make sth clear 使能做某事​ enable sb to do / make sb able to do 吸引某人​ interest / attract / draw sb / appeal to sb / catch sb's eye / attention 不理, 忽视​ ignore / overlook / pay no attention to 宁做A不做B​ do A rather than do B / do A instead of doing B 挨饿, 饿死​ starve / go hungry / die from hunger 充当; 起……的作用​ act as / serve as 完成, 实现​ accomplish / get through / succeed in / complete / achieve 弄明白​ figure out / find out 试验​ try out / test 反对​ be against / oppose / object to / disagree with / disapprove of 认为​ think that / believe that / hold the view that / argue that / claim that 缺席​ be absent from / be not present at 优于, 胜过​ have the advantage over / have the edge over / be better than 突然笑起来​ burst into laughter / burst out laughing 对某人生气​ get angry with sb / get cross with sb / be annoyed with sb 使某人高兴​ cheer sb up / make sb happy 雇用某人​ employ / hire sb / take sb on 对......全然不知​ be in the dark about / know nothing about 充满​ be full of / be filled with / be flooded with / be crowded with 宣布​ announce / declare sth / make sth known to the public 告诉某人某事​ tell sb sth / inform sb of sth / keep sb informed of sth 控告某人犯有​ accuse sb of sth / charge sb with sth 把某物分配给某人​ allocate sth to sb / divide sth among sb 成功做某事​ manage to do sth / succeed in doing sth 有机会使用/做​ have access to sth / have the chance of doing sth 满足需要​ cater to / meet / satisfy the need 用完某物​ run out of sth / lack sth / sth run out / sth be used up 制订计划​ make a plan / work out a plan / draw up a plan 防止疾病​ protect...from sickness / avoid / prevent sickness 庆祝​ celebrate / hold a celebration 长胖​ put on / gain weight / grow fat 看医生​ go to see / consult a doctor 更喜欢​ prefer sth / like sth better 报道此事​ cover / report the event 影响交通​ hold up / block traffic 出国​ go abroad / go to a foreign country 得出结论​ conclude / draw a conclusion 辍学, 退学​ drop out of / leave school 做报告​ give a presentation / talk / speech 旨在做​ aim at doing / be aimed at doing / be designed to do / be intended to do / be meant to do sth 致力于​ apply oneself to / bend oneself to / commit oneself to / devote oneself to / be bent on / be committed to / be devoted to / bury oneself in 十年​ decade / ten years 两周​ fortnight / two weeks 二十​ score / twenty 十二​ dozen / twelve 重力​ gravity / the pull of the earth 方式, 方法​ way / solution / approach / method / means 榜样​ model / example 想法, 设想​ theory / idea 成人​ adult / grown-up 青少年​ adolescent / teenager 老年人​ old people / the old / senior citizens / the aged / the elderly 舒适的​ comfortable / at ease 违法的​ illegal / not legal / against the law 精力充沛的​ energetic / be full of energy 气喘吁吁的​ breathless / (be) out of breath 抽象的​ abstract / not specific 平静的​ calm / not excited 积极的​ active / not passive 复杂的​ complicated / not simple / complex 人造的​ artificial / man-made 可得到的​ be available / be easily got 聪明的​ clever / bright / wise / smart 受欢迎的​ be popular / be well received 一年一次的​ annual / yearly / every year 可进入/接近的​ be accessible / be easy to enter / reach / use 少数的​ a minority of / a small number of 很多, 很​ a lot (of) / a great deal (of) / a large amount of 亲自​ personally / in person 只有​ only / nobody but / nothing but 目前​ nowadays / at present / at the present time 后来​ afterwards / after that / later on 独自地​ alone / by oneself 尤其​ particularly / in particular 残酷地​ cruelly / without mercy 故意地​ deliberately / on purpose / purposely 偶然地​ incidentally / accidentally / by chance / by accident / by coincidence / casually / occasionally 再一次​ again / once more / once again / over and over again 到处​ everywhere / here and there 无论如何​ anyhow / in any way 在......后面​ behind / at the back of 无论什么​ whatever / no matter what 除......之外​ besides / as well as / in addition to / apart from 展览着​ on show / on display / on exhibition 农村/城市​ in the countryside / in the city / rural areas / urban areas 全世界​ all over the world / around the world / internationally / worldwide / globally 情况良好​ in (a) good condition / in a good state / situation 有危险​ in danger / at risk 乱七八糟​ in a mess / in disorder 茫然, 困惑​ at a loss / puzzled / confused 一......就......​ on doing / immediately / directly / instantly / the moment / the minute / the second / the instant / as soon as / no sooner...than / hardly...when / scarcely...when 第一部分 115个形近词精准辨析 1）abstract  a. 抽象的     n. 摘要，梗概subtract  vt. (from) 减去 2）abrupt adj.突然的;唐突的   bankrupt ad.j 破产的 corrupt adj. 腐败的  erupt vi. 爆发  interrupt v打断 2）accelerate vt.加速，促进celebrate vt.庆祝  3）accuse vt.指控，控告excuse v.给 ...找理由；原谅   n.借口，理由 4）access n.进入；接近（或进入）的机会（或条件) assess v. 估定…的价值；对…进行估价 5） accessible adj可接近的;可进入的;可使用的;可获得的;易于理解的 available adj可获得的；可使用的；有空的 6） accident n事故    incident  n. 事件            7）  acquire vt. 取得，获得，学得       require  vt. 需要；要求，规定 enquire = inquire v. (of, about) 打听，询问；(into)调查，查问    8） accent n. 口音account n. 账户 ;描述        accountant n.会计     counter n.柜台discount vt.打折  n.折扣 9）adapt vt. 适应         adopt vt.采用  10）admit v.承认    permit v. 允许，许可   n.许可证 11）afford v.买得起，出得起  effort n.努力；尽力 12）affect v. 影响；使感染effect n. 结果；影响 13）infect   vt. 传染，感染inject vt.注射 14）agent n.代理人urgent adj.紧急的       15）alive adj.活着的 lively adj活波的，生动的   live adv现场直播的，实况的  living ad.j活着的，健在的, 现行的 16）alter v.改变，改动，变更alert adj. 警觉的    v.报警 n.警报    17）altitude n. 海拔；高度           attitude n. 态度；看法 18）angel n.  天使       angle n.  角度     19）appeal v/n 吸引; 呼吁   appear vi 出现; 似乎     approach v. 靠近,;接近     n.方式，方法 20）appropriate adj 适当的appreciate v. 欣赏;感激approximately 大约 21）arise vi. 出现，产生；站起来rise  vi.起身；起床；升起，上升；上涨， raise vt. 举起；使升起；增加，提高arouse vt. 惊醒；引起；唤起，唤醒 aspect n.方面      expect vt.期望 except v. & conj.除外                   inspect vt. 检查，视察   respect 尊重;方面 suspect vt怀疑       24）assign vt.分配  design vt.设计         resign v.辞职 ;屈从（to）=submit to  25）assist v. 帮助      insist（on） v. 坚持   persist(in) v. 坚持不懈resist v. 抵制    26）assure v. 使确信；使放心;承诺ensure v.确保，保证insure v.给......保险（经济意义上的） 27）assume v. 假设 认为 consume v. 消费，消耗resume n. 简历          28）attain vt. 达到        obtain vt. 获得 29）attach v.附属于                attack v.袭击，攻击attract v.吸引，招引 30）attend v.参加 intend v. 打算            pretend v.假装tend v倾向      31）attribute  vt.(to) 把…归功于，把…咎于 n. 属性 contribute   v. 捐献，捐助，贡献；投稿  distribute    vt. 分发，分配，分布 32）award  v.授予， n.奖品，奖金    reward  n..奖赏，报酬；赏金  v酬报，酬谢（某人）； 33）barely adv.几乎不;仅仅  rarely adv.很少   34）bear n. & v. 熊，忍受              beard n. 胡须 35）belief n.信念 ;看法    brief adj.简短的    chief adj.主要的，最重要的；最高级的  n.首领 relief vt.宽慰; 减轻   36）break v. 破坏        brake v/n刹车 37）broad adj.宽阔的,宽广的board  n. 木板；委员会，董事会  vt. 上（船，车或飞机）  vi. 登机，上船；搭伙，膳宿 abroad adv.在国外，到国外  aboard adv.在/上船（车／飞机）上  prep.在（船／车／飞机）上 38）boast v/n自夸，吹牛   boot n靴子     boost v./n. 增加；推进；鼓励   39）bone n.骨头bonus n.奖金 40）bride  n. 新娘       bridge n.桥     41）button n.纽扣      mutton n.羊肉     42）certain adj. 确信，相信        curtain n.窗帘 43）champion n. 冠军          campaign n. 战役 44）clarify  vt阐明，澄清         classify  vt分类，归类 45）complain vi.抱怨       explain vt.解释plain n.平原 adj.清楚的；朴素的 46）comparative adj. 比较而言的， 相当的    comprehensive adj.全面的， 综合的 complex adj.复杂的   complicated adj.复杂的       47）compulsory adj.强制的compromise （to） v妥协   compensate （for）v补偿    48）commit v.投入 奉献 承诺 犯（罪），干（坏事）committee n. 委员会      49）comment v/n评论command v命令 控制 掌握   50）demand v要求 需要          recommend v推荐 建议 51）compete v. 竞争 competition complete vt. 完成 adj.完全的，完整的        competent adj. 有能力的   complement n.补偿，弥补，补充compliment n.赞美，称赞 51）concert n.音乐会concrete n.混凝土 adj.具体的 52）contest n 比赛   context n上下文 背景 53）contact n 联系，接触contract n 合同         contrast n 对比 in/by contrast相比之下 54）conserve vt.保存,保护（环境）observe vt观察，观测，遵守；庆祝    reserve vt.储备；预定，预留     deserve vt.值得       53）conservation n保存conservative adj.保守的 controversial adj 有争议的contradictory adj矛盾的conventional adj传统的 54）constant adj不断的  consistent adj 一致的 不断的 53）contemporary a.当代的,同时代的 n. 同代人 temporary  a.暂时的permanent a.永久的，固定的 54）continual adj.连续的,频繁的  continuous adj.连续(指从不间断的)  55）content n.&adj. 内容；满足的                 contain v.包含context n.上下文contest n.竞争, 比赛 56）costume n.服装  custom n. 习惯  57）continent  n.洲,大陆              convenient adj.方便的 58）collar n. 领子         color n. 颜色 59）counsel v商议,劝告；    counsellor n.顾问council n.地方议会，委员会 60）coast n.海岸，滑坡roast v在火上)烤，烘; 焙    toast v烘暖；烤热 ，敬酒，祝酒    61）contrary adj.相反的        country n.国家   county n县     62）crash v. 碰撞，坠落，坠毁  n. 碰撞，坠落，坠毁 crush  vt. 压碎，碾碎；镇压，压倒cruel adj.残忍的rude adj.粗鲁的    63）dam n. 大坝    damp adj. 潮湿的    dumb adj. 哑的  64）lamb n. 羔羊  lamp n. 灯      lame adj.瘸的     65）dairy n.牛奶diary n.日记 66）decisive adj果断的，断然的”】 decided adj.明确的，无疑的deceive v.欺骗；欺诈;对…不忠;使失望; 67）deed n.行为  indeed adv.的确 68）dedicate   v. 奉献，献身 delicate  a. 纤细的；易碎的；微妙的 69）desert n.沙漠；不毛之地  v.开小差；擅离职守;背弃；放弃;dessert n. 甜点 70）decent adj. 得体的descent n.下降；下坡路；血统；出身；世系 71）definite  n. 明确的，确定的 infinite   a. 无限的，无穷的，无边无际的 72）depress vt.使沮丧process v/n过程 ;处理;加progress v/n进步       73）procedure n.程序，步骤press vt.按，压 n.出版社，新闻界pressure n. 压力 74）distinct adj.明显的， 清晰的      distinctive adj.独特的， 有区别的 75）drought n. 旱灾draught n. 通风气流；穿堂风  76）economy  n. 经济；节约，节省   economic    a. 经济上的；合算的，有利可图的economical   a. 节约的，节省的 economics    n. 经济学economist   n. 经济学家     economize   v. 节约，省钱 77）emerge v. 出现，露出emergence   n. 出现，露出 emergency  n. 情况紧急，不测事件，非常时刻 78）emigrate vt. 移民到（外国）    emigrant n. 移民（指人）adj. 移居的; 移民的,  immigrate vi. 移居到（某国），移入   immigration  n. 移民，移居[不可数] migrate vi. 迁移（到其它地区）；（鸟类）迁往 migration n . 迁移，迁徙[多作不可数名词]     migrant   a. 流动的， 79）evolve v.进化               evaluate v.评估revolve v.（天体）旋转 革命    80）explode v. 爆炸            explore v.探险expose 使暴露，揭露， 使接触  81）extensive adj. 广泛的intensive adj. 彻底的 82）flesh n.（人或动物的）肉；果肉fresh adj.新鲜的；淡的refresh vt.使恢复精力，使提神 83）habit n.习惯habitat n.（动植物的）生活环境，栖息地 84）industrial adj.工业的    industrious adj.努力的       85）initial  adj.开始的；最初的.initiative  adj.起始的; 初步的; 自发的 86）institute n.学院；学会；协会       institution n.制定；制度；机构substitute n.替补队员;替代物；vt.用…代替； 87）interpret v.解释;口译   interfere v.干涉       interrupt v.打断      interact v.互动 88）invitation n. 邀请invention n.发明；创造 intention n.意图，动机   89）investment n. 投资,投入 investigate vt.调查 90）inspiration n. 灵感aspiration n. 渴望 91）intense adj.激烈的，强烈的，紧张的”  tense adj.绷紧的，紧张的 92）issue n.问题；议题；（报刊的一期）  vt.颁布；发现；出版tissue n.（细胞的）组织；面巾纸 93）liberal adj.博学的；开明的，自由的慷慨的  liberate v解放；释放 （常与from连用） liberty n. 自由    literal adj字面上的，文字的    literary adj著作的；研究文学的   literature n. 文学literate n有文化的人   adj.有读写能力的;有学问的;文笔好的; 94）lighting   照明设备；照明系统lightning adj闪电般的；极快的;仓促的；简短的; n.闪电 95）loyal adj忠诚的，忠实的 （常与to连用）royal adj王室的；皇家的 96）loose adj.松的                lose v.丢失loss n. 损失         97）machine n.机器            medicine n.药；医学 98）marriage n.婚姻     carriage n.马车 99）march n. & v.三月；前进    match n. 比赛 100）message n.音讯，口信         passage n. 通道；章节passenger n. 乘客 101）measure n.& v.量度，测量   treasure n. 金银财宝 102）medal n. 勋章，奖牌    model n.& adj.模型，模特moral adj精神上的；道义上的   103）metal n.金属   mental adj.精神上的mutual adj.互相的；彼此的 neutral adj.中间的，中立的，浅色的；无色的  104）multiply v(by)乘，乘以multiple adj数量多的；多种多样的；n倍数 105）patent n.专利       pattern n.格式，样式    106）personnel n.人事          personal adj.个人的 107）perspective n.洞察力, 眼力，观点, 看法prospective adj.未来的；盼望中的 108）philosophy n.哲学      physiology n. 生理学  psychology n.心理学 109）precious adj.珍贵的   previous adj.以前的；先的 110）particular adj独特的，详细的  peculiar adj奇特的，罕见的  111）specific adj明确的，特效的special adj 特别的，专门的  112） median 中央的，中线的 medium 媒体 113）tax 税  taxi 出租 114）through 通过  thorough 彻底的  thought (think 过去分词)（al）though 尽管 115）vacation 假期  vocation 职业  116）version 版本 ；变体 vision 视觉 17 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $