精品解析：上海市复旦大学附属中学2025-2026学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题

复旦大学附属中学2025学年第一学期 高三年级英语学科 期中考试试卷 I. Grammar and vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Are touchscreens in cars dangerous? It might not have been the first to have a touchscreen but it was Tesla’s Model S that set the trend. For years almost every new car sold ____1____ (come) with a high-tech, futuristic screen, which controls everything from the air conditioning to even safety features like automatic lane-keeping. But are touchscreens safe? The case against them is straightforward. If using the screen of a smartphone while driving is distracting, and therefore dangerous, then doing likewise with your car’s, ____2____ use requires similar visual attention, is probably risky too. Drivers can learn the location of physical controls and press buttons without taking their eyes ____3____ the road. A touchscreen offers no physical feedback, making that much harder. And because a screen ____4____ do dozens of jobs, finding a particular setting often means tapping through several sub-menus. The result, say critics, is a dangerous distraction ____5____ (build) into the car itself. Research backs that up. In 2022 Vi Bilagare, a Swedish motoring magazine, measured ____6____ it took drivers to do things like switching to a new radio station or changing the temperature, while driving at 110 kilometres per hour. While a driver in an older car with buttons could perform tasks within about ten seconds, the same tasks using modern touchscreens took up to 45 seconds. Safety organisations are beginning to notice. From January new rules from Euro NCAP, an organisation that provides safety ratings, will mean no car can get a full five-star score ____7____ certain crucial functions are controlled by real switches. Many drivers dislike touchscreens for reasons other than safety, finding them inconvenient and annoying ____8____ (use). Volkswagen has begun restoring at least some buttons to their new models, ____9____ (cite) drivers’ dislike of screens. But innovation never stops. Even as touchscreens ____10____ (fall) out of favour, many manufacturers are turning their attention to voice control—though that is a subject for another story. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. stimulating B. springing C. capacity D. associated E. infectious F. resolute G. satisfying H. sweat I. bottles J. lights K. reframe Find your happy place: How to outsmart stress If you’re all too familiar with the physical sense of being stressed, it may be time to make some changes. Over time, this can negatively affect your body, leading to fatigue and headaches. Here are a few ways that research suggests can help you keep calm and carry on. Work up a (n) ____11____. When we’re stressed, the part of our brain that registers fear ____12____ up like a fireworks display. Regular exercise can provide a(n) ____13____ release for frustration and other negative feelings. It may reduce stress hormones and it can trigger your body to release feel-good chemicals that can help boost your mood. Be decisive We face dozens of choices every day, and each of them involves our mental ____14____ and requires us to make a decision. It turns out that being good at making decisions may be good for our health. Research shows that decisive people may have lower levels of the stress hormcne cortisol (皮质醇) than poor decision-makers. Want to be more ____15____? Simplify your decisions by focusing on facts, so you understand what’s really at stake (有风险), and then ____16____ problems as opportunities. Anxiety arises when one ____17____ up feelings The next time you’re sweating something, pause and ask yourself: What are the positives? How can I look at this as a(n) ____18____ challenge rather than a problem? Changing the way you look at a situation can help you respond a less stressful way. See every glass as at least half full Are you a pessimist? Chances are you can change your outlook through your experiences. The best strategy is to deliberately avoid other pessimists, and surround yourself with optimists whose positive emotions are ____19____. It’s also important to feel as if you have a purpose every day—whether that comes from your work, family and friends or an activity. Having something that you’re passionate about, and achieving goals ______20______ with it, can help many people have a more optimistic outlook. II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. THE LEFT-HANDED have long struggled in a right-handed world. But they are ____21____ in one field: one-to-one sports such as fencing and tennis. The conventional explanation for this is that the ____22____ of lefties means right-handed athletes lack familiarity with them as opponents. But this may be only part of the story. Tim Simon at the University of Trento, in Italy, a fan of fencing, suspected the left-handed enjoy some ____23____ advantage in these sports, over and above their unfamiliarity. As he and his colleagues describe this week in Royal Society Open Science, for some of them that turns out to be true. To test his idea Dr Simon reasoned that were unfamiliarity the sole explanation for left-hander advantage, then the difference should decline at the highest levels of a sport, where players would be ____24____ to left-handers’ tricks. If, however, some innate factor associated with left-handedness were a cause, then the difference might actually increase. He therefore analysed the ____25____ over more than a decade of the world’s top athletes in badminton, table tennis, tennis and three types of fencing (foil, épée and sabre fencing). The result was that in foil and épée fencing, and table tennis, there was indeed a (n) ____26____ in left-handedness at the top. For example, 18% of the top 200 male épée fencers and 23% of the top male foil fencers were lefties, but that went up to 28% and 31% ____27____ when only the top 100 were considered. The other three sports, ____28____, did not show this effect. The difference, Dr Simon suspects, is that foil and épée involve stabbing (刺) with small and ____29____ movements. Table tennis requires ____30____ skillfulness. Sabre fencing, by contrast, involves larger slashing movements similar to those ____31____ in tennis and badminton. He theorises that this difference may be why lefties ____32____ in the first three sports but not the others. He assumes that the explanation may ____33____ left-handed people’s greater reliance than right-handers on their brains’ right hemispheres. The right hemisphere is more important than the left for processing visual, spatial and temporal inputs, and generating ____34____ responses. Though the benefits thus ____35____ are probably tiny, they matter at the top — where being a split second faster than an opponent separates victory from defeat. In Italian, the term for a lefty is sinistro. But there is nothing evil about their ability with a blade. Their neural connections are just better. 21. A. overrepresented B. underperformed C. overemphasized D. understated 22. A. awkwardness B. competence C. scarcity D. boom 23. A. acquired B. unfair C. inborn D. strategic 24. A. subject B. wise C. opposed D. indifferent 25. A. advantages B. defeats C. tricks D. performances 26. A. plunge B. divide C. balance D. jump 27. A. accordingly B. respectively C. naturally D. proportionately 28. A. meanwhile B. therefore C. likewise D. nevertheless 29. A. frequent B. stable C. rapid D. delicate 30. A. similar B. minimum C. remarkable D. technical 31. A. dismissed B. employed C. prohibited D. equipped 32. A. survive B. dominate C. compete D. persevere 33. A. account for B. bring about C. coincide with D. arise from 34. A. motor B. emotional C. collective D. fierce 35. A. hatched B. denied C. granted D. abused Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) A friend recently shared a post from the satirical (嘲讽的) site Reductress. It depicted a woman, arms held triumphantly high, beneath the headline:“ She Did It! This Woman Was Able To Confirm That Everyone Was Not Mad At Her!” I sometimes feel the same heart-sinking insecurity. If I haven’t heard from a friend in a while, or their most recent message seemed a bit a little too direct, my mind throws up the question: did I do something wrong? In many ways it’s a senseless reaction — I’ve no real reason to believe I’ve offended or upset them; they’re probably just busy. Yet I can’t shake the feeling. Why are we so quick to assume that our friends are mad at us — or even ready to drop us? “When we fear that our friends are mad at us, it feels really convincing,” says psychotherapist Meg Josephson. “ We’re trying to relieve this anxiety, so we seek reassurance —’ Was I annoying? Was I weird?’ — but it’s not getting to the actual feeling that’s underneath it. ” In her new book Are You Mad At Me?, Josephson says this impulse is driven by a desire to please and be affirmed. The so-called“ fawn response” is one way we respond to threats, whether real (physical danger) or perceived (your friend taking longer than usual to text you back). “The fawn response is about lessening the threat, so that you can feel safe, ” says Josephson. “ Your immediate instinct is to be ‘Are we OK?’ — or to compliment them, or be helpful to them, so that you can ease the perceived tension. ” Less well known than the fight or flight response, it is often developed in childhood in response to critical or emotionally neglectful parents, or a volatile home environment, Josephson says. Women are especially susceptible (受影响的), being socialized to put others at ease. The attempted mind-reading and “anxious rumination” can become exhausting, says Josephson. It also doesn’t actually protect you against conflict. The key is understanding that it is not the end of the world — or a friendship. “Especially if we grew up in more volatile homes, where conflict was brushed under the rug or we didn’t witness disagreement handled in a safe way, we learn to fear conflict as terminal,” Josephson says. “Actually, in healthy relationships, a little bit of friction is really good because it means both people can have differing opinions.” Conflict is not only inevitable; it can even be healing, she adds, demonstrating that disagreement or discomfort doesn’t have to come at the cost of intimacy. “Repair is what leads to closeness.” 36. The author mentions her own experience (Paragraphs 2-3) primarily to ________. A. justify her initial suspicion of her friends’ intentions B. demonstrate a personal instance of offensive friends C. introduce the discussion of the fawn response D. highlight the necessity of addressing digital miscommunication 37. The underlined word “volatile” in paragraph 10 most probably means ________. A. harmonious B. unstable C. desperate D. unsupportive 38. Based on Josephson’s views as presented in the passage, what can be inferred about healthy relationships? A. They are characterized by the absence of disagreement or friction. B. They depend on constant communication to prevent misunderstandings. C. They can be strengthened by successfully navigating occasional conflicts. D. They are best maintained by consistently using the fawn response. 39. What is the passage mainly about? A. The cause and nature of the fawn response. B. The negative impact of digital communication. C. Strategies for friendship repair after conflicts. D. Differences between fight, flight and fawn responses. (B) Six Best Places for ________ in Paris Le Closerie des Lilas This restaurant/cafe/brasserie is a true literary location. On the terrace, F. Scott Fitzgerald apparently first revealed the manuscript for The Great Gatsby to Ernest Hemingway. This spot in Montparnasse was also frequented by Paul Verlaine, Max Jacob and Henry Miller, among others. 171 Boulevard du Montparnasse Les Deux Magots Located in Saint-Germain-des-Pres on the Left Bank, Les Deux Magotx gets a mention in Nabokov's novel Lolita. It was also frequented by such heavyweights as Albert Gamus, James Joyce, Bertolt Brecht and Ernest Hemingway. Even Julia Child liked the food enough to plant herself at one of its famed outdoor tables. Today, tables are occupied by tourists instead of typists, but it's worth paying a few euros for a coffee here. 6 Place Saint-Germain Des Pres Pere Lachaise Cemetery Perhaps the world's most famous resting place, Pere Lachaise is the home of Marcel Proust and Oscar Wilde, among scores of other famous people buried here. Singer and 'poet' Jim Morrison is, of course, famously six feet under in this verdant (郁郁葱葱的), ambient cemetery as well. 8 Boulevard de Menilmontant Polidor Ernest Hemingway, Paul Verlaine, James Joyce, Victor Hugo, Henry Miller, Arthur Rimbaud and Jack Kerouac all enjoyed classic French dishes like steak, beef Bourguignon, steak tartare, escargot, and foie gras at this sixth-arrondissement restaurant. In the 2011 Woody Allen film, Midnight in Paris, the protagonist meets Hemingway and Salvador Dali here. 41 Rue Monsieur Le Prince Bar Hemingway F. Scott Fitzgerald used to put 'em back at this fashionable and expensive bar in the Ritz. Musician Cole Porter would spend hours nursing cocktails at the bar and even composed a tune or two here. And, of course, the bar's namesake. Mr Ernest Hemingway, was a regular and even likened the drinking space to heaven. He also mentions the bar in The Sun Also Rises. 15 Place Vendome Shakespeare & Company Since 1951, this Left Bank bookshop has been a central meeting point for the city's English-language lovers of great literature. It's also attracted many legendary writers as well. Williams Burroughs, Anais Nin, James Baldwin, Henry Miller, Paul Auster, Martin Amis and Zadie Smith, among countless others, have shopped for books or participated in literary events here. 37 Rue de la Bucherie 40. Your friend Jenny plans to go to Paris for travelling and she is a big fan of the famous movie director Woody Allen. Which place would you recommend that she visit? A. 171 Boulevard du Montparnasse B. 41 Rue Monsieur Le Prince C. 8 Boulevard de Menilmontant D. 37 Rue de la Bucherie 41. Earnest Hemingway was a regular to the following places except ________. A. Pere Lachasise Cemetery B. Les Deux Magots C. Bar Hemingway D. Polidor 42. Which of the following phrases best complete the title? A. Literature Lovers B. Experienced Tourists C. Cuisine Enthusiasts D. History Researchers (C) Sarcasm (讽刺) and jazz have something surprisingly in common: You know them when you hear them. Sarcasm is mostly understood through tone of voice, which is used to portray the opposite of the literal words. For example, when someone says, “Well, that’s exactly what I need right now,” their tone can tell you it’s not what they need at all. Most frequently, sarcasm highlights an irritation or is, quite simply, mean. If you want to be happier and improve your relationships, cut out sarcasm. Why? Because sarcasm is actually hostility disguised as humor. Despite smiling outwardly, many people who receive sarcastic comments feel put down and often think the sarcastic person is rude, or contemptible (可鄙的). Indeed, it’s not surprising that the origin of the word sarcasm derives from the Greek word “sarkazein” which literally means “to tear or strip the flesh off.” Hence, it’s no wonder that sarcasm is often used after the word “cutting” and that it hurts. What’s more, since actions strongly determine thoughts and feelings, when a person consistently acts sarcastically it may only serve to heighten their underlying hostility and insecurity. After all, when you come right down to it, sarcasm can be used as a subtle form of bullying—and most bullies are angry, insecure, or cowardly. Alternatively, when a person stops voicing negative comments, especially sarcastic ones, they may soon start to feel happier and more self-confident. Also, other people in their life benefit even more because they no longer have to hear the emotionally hurtful language of sarcasm. Now, I’m not saying all sarcasm is bad. It may just be better used sparingly—like a powerful spice in cooking. Too much of the spice, and the dish will be overwhelmed by it. Similarly, an occasional dash of sarcastic wit can spice up a chat and add an element of humor to it. But a big or steady serving of sarcasm will overwhelm the emotional flavor of any conversation and can taste very bitter to its recipient. So, tone down the sarcasm and work on clever wit instead, which is usually without any hostility and thus more appreciated by those you’re communicating with. In essence, sarcasm is easy while true, harmless wit takes talent. Thus, the main difference between wit and sarcasm is that, as already stated, sarcasm is often hostility disguised as humor. It can be intended to hurt and is often bitter and biting. Witty statements are usually in response to someone’s unhelpful remarks or behaviors, and the intent is to untangle and clarify the issue by emphasizing its ridicule. Sarcastic statements are expressed in a cutting manner; witty remarks are delivered with undisguised and harmless humor. 43. Why does the author say sarcasm and jazz have something surprisingly in common? A. Both are recognized when heard. B. Both have exactly the same tone. C. Both mean the opposite of what they appear to. D. Both have hidden in them an evident irritation. 44. What happens when a person consistently acts sarcastically? A. They feel their dignity greatly heightened. B. They feel increasingly insecure and hostile. C. They endure hostility under the disguise of humor. D. They taste bitterness even in pleasant interactions. 45. What does the author say about people quitting sarcastic comments? A. It makes others happier and more self-confident. B. It restrains them from being irritating and bullying. C. It benefits not only themselves but also those around them. D. It shields them from negative comments and outright hostility. 46. What is the chief difference between a speaker’s wit and sarcasm? A. Their intention. B. Their appreciation. C. Their emphasis. D. Their clarity. Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Pedestrian: a word fitted to the most dull, tedious and monotonous moments of life. We don’t want to live pedestrian lives. Yet maybe we should. Many of history’s great thinkers have been pedestrians. Henry David Thoreau and William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge and Walt Whitman, Friedrich Nietzsche and Virginia Woolf — all were writers who tied the working of their minds to the steady movement of their feet. ____47____ How many of us today are able to free ourselves from the page and head out the door when we rise from our desks? Even observing the dictates of nature, breathing deeply out in the open air as we set our legs into motion, it’s likely we need to accomplish the undertaking as quickly and efficiently as possible. But in so doing, perhaps we still miss the essence of the activity itself. We abandon the art of walking. ‘Walking with a purpose’ is usually regarded as a positive thing, taken as a sign that people are focused, with eyes on an end-goal or prize. But the art of walking is not about purpose or aim. ____48____ The art of walking is all about this purposeless purpose. These days, it’s difficult to understand the point of doing something, or doing anything, without an underlying aim. The desperate attempt to get somewhere, and to be on time about it, amounts to a Sisyphean struggle against the clock: when we reach a destination, we must immediately set off again, intent on the next stopping place. The point of the journey is no more than to ‘get there’. And walking is increasingly shaped by technological gadgets worn on wrists or gripped in hands. ____49____ To live with eyes on the screen is to be attached, stuck in the frame, taking in what is presented to us and re-presented to us again. But representation is not experience. To live life through representations is to live passively, to receive rather than to experience. It is also, we fear, to live the life of a follower. Instead of asking What do I see? How might I tell you? we are told instead how to see, and often what to feel — much of that is determined by algorithm. The art of walking is contrary to ‘screening’ the world we live in, and there is no pre-programmed set of rules or calculations involved. ____50____ We don’t need to visit a museum in order to be absorbed in artful perception and contemplation. We can just step out the front door, pay attention, and perceive and feel for ourselves. A. This, according to Kant, is the freedom of any form of art. B. Walking with disinterest requires a little effort in the beginning, and it comes with practice. C. In doing so, they were in step with the opposing forces of motion and rest, a force written into the laws of nature. D. As Immanuel Kant maintained, the creation and comprehension of beauty is embodied in ‘a purposiveness without a definite purpose’. E. They walk for a variety of purposes, from practical ones like commuting or walking the dog, to symbolic acts like joining a protest march. F. We spend an increasing amount of time ‘screening’ the world — taking in most of life through a contracted frame that captures objects of immediate interest. III. Summary Writing Directions: 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. The Case for a Mentoring (指导) Program Teachers and leaders at our school are continually telling us that we should become more engaged in the community by volunteering our time. After thinking about this, I have a suggestion that would not only help high school students get involved but would also help elementary students in our district. Many of the students at our high school have excellent academic skills. With a mentoring program, these students could put their skills to use by helping younger students who are struggling academically. My own sister, who attends one of the elementary schools that feeds into our high school, is having a hard time in math. Her classroom is crowded, and she can’t always get the one-on-one attention that she needs to understand a new concept. She has told me that she has many friends who also need help. A mentoring program in which high school students tutor elementary school students could be the solution. By using a mentoring program, struggling youngsters could get the individual attention they need to master new concepts. In researching mentoring programs, I learned of several promising results. According to an article published in the November 2005 Education World, elementary school students raised their reading levels significantly in a short period of time after being tutored by high school students. Furthermore, volunteering seems to have a positive influence on the high school mentors themselves. As students learn how to be good mentors, they focus on effective communication skills, including how to share and how to listen, all boosted significantly. Generally speaking, these skills are valuable for everyone. Additionally, mentors get the satisfaction of meaningfully contributing to their community and future generations. Because mentoring programs have proven to be so successful, they are also undergoing certain changes. Some schools pair high school students with elementary students to practice computer skills, to play sports, to learn to play a musical instrument, or to discover how to be a good citizen. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 随着幕布升起，首次亮相的演员们随着音乐的节拍尽情载歌载舞。(With)(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________ 53. 从双子山可以俯瞰远处的温室花园，其光影效果增添了它的神秘氛围。(distance) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________ 54. 这个由传统手工艺工坊改造的产业园区，不仅保留了文化底蕴，还在品牌升级和转型方面打了头阵。(transform) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________ 55. 当这个身着格子衬衫的中年人在会议上发言时，与其说是他渊博的学识，倒不如说是他的幽默感给在场的贵宾留下了深刻的印象。（address）（汉译英） _______________________________________________________________________ V. Guided Writing Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假如你是旦华中学的李明，在学校的艺术节提交了一幅名为The Last Mender的画作，在提交这幅作品时，需要向评审老师给这幅画写一篇介绍词，阐述画作的创作理念。 要求： 1）简要描述图片。 2）结合现实生活，阐述你对图片的理解。 The Last Mender ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 复旦大学附属中学2025学年第一学期 高三年级英语学科 期中考试试卷 I. Grammar and vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Are touchscreens in cars dangerous? It might not have been the first to have a touchscreen but it was Tesla’s Model S that set the trend. For years almost every new car sold ____1____ (come) with a high-tech, futuristic screen, which controls everything from the air conditioning to even safety features like automatic lane-keeping. But are touchscreens safe? The case against them is straightforward. If using the screen of a smartphone while driving is distracting, and therefore dangerous, then doing likewise with your car’s, ____2____ use requires similar visual attention, is probably risky too. Drivers can learn the location of physical controls and press buttons without taking their eyes ____3____ the road. A touchscreen offers no physical feedback, making that much harder. And because a screen ____4____ do dozens of jobs, finding a particular setting often means tapping through several sub-menus. The result, say critics, is a dangerous distraction ____5____ (build) into the car itself. Research backs that up. In 2022 Vi Bilagare, a Swedish motoring magazine, measured ____6____ it took drivers to do things like switching to a new radio station or changing the temperature, while driving at 110 kilometres per hour. While a driver in an older car with buttons could perform tasks within about ten seconds, the same tasks using modern touchscreens took up to 45 seconds. Safety organisations are beginning to notice. From January new rules from Euro NCAP, an organisation that provides safety ratings, will mean no car can get a full five-star score ____7____ certain crucial functions are controlled by real switches. Many drivers dislike touchscreens for reasons other than safety, finding them inconvenient and annoying ____8____ (use). Volkswagen has begun restoring at least some buttons to their new models, ____9____ (cite) drivers’ dislike of screens. But innovation never stops. Even as touchscreens ____10____ (fall) out of favour, many manufacturers are turning their attention to voice control—though that is a subject for another story. 【答案】1. has come 2. whose 3. off 4. must##can 5. built 6. how long 7. unless 8. to use 9. citing 10. are falling 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述汽车触摸屏因需视觉关注、操作繁琐易分心，被指存在安全隐患，相关研究与新规印证此问题，部分车企已恢复实体按钮。 【1题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：多年来，几乎每辆售出的新车都配有高科技、具有未来感的屏幕，它控制着从空调到甚至像自动车道保持这样的安全功能。此空考查谓语动词，主语almost every new car与come为主动关系，再根据时间状语“For years”（多年来，强调从过去持续到现在的状态），应用现在完成时；主语为单数，助动词用has。故填has come。 【2题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：如果开车时使用智能手机屏幕会分散注意力，因此很危险，那么使用汽车的屏幕（其使用需要类似的视觉注意力）可能也同样危险。所填空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是your car’s (screen)，从句中use与先行词为所属关系，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 【3题详解】 考查介词。句意：司机可以记住物理控制按钮的位置，无需将视线离开路面就能按下按钮。这里考查“take one’s eyes off sth.”为固定搭配，意为“把视线从某物上移开”。故填off。 【4题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：而且由于一个屏幕必须（可以）完成数十项功能，找到某个特定设置通常意味着要点击多个子菜单。此处表“必须”或“能够、可以”，强调屏幕的功能属性，应用情态动词must或can。故填must或can。 【5题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：批评人士表示，结果就是汽车本身内置了一种危险的干扰因素。此空考查非谓语，a dangerous distraction与build为被动关系，过去分词作后置定语。故填built。 【6题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：2022年，瑞典汽车杂志《Vi Bilagare》测量了司机在时速110公里行驶时，切换到新电台或调节温度等操作所需的时间。所填空引导宾语从句，根据句意，应用连接代词how long，表“多久”，符合语境。故填how long。 【7题详解】 考查连词。句意：从明年1月起，提供安全评级的组织欧洲新车安全评鉴（Euro NCAP）的新规定将意味着，除非某些关键功能由实体开关控制，否则任何汽车都无法获得满分五星评级。此处表“除非、如果不”，引导条件状语从句，应用连词unless。故填unless。 【8题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：许多司机不喜欢触摸屏除了安全原因外，还觉得使用起来不方便、令人恼火。这里考查“find + 宾语 + adj. + to do” 为固定结构，其中不定式作宾语补足语，故填to use。 【9题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：大众汽车已开始在其新款车型中至少恢复部分按钮，称原因是司机不喜欢触摸屏。此空考查非谓语，Volkswagen与cite为主动关系，应用现在分词citing作伴随状语。故填citing。 【10题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：尽管触摸屏正逐渐失宠，但许多制造商正将注意力转向语音控制 —— 不过这是另一个话题了。此空考查谓语动词，主语touchscreens与fall为主动关系，再根据下文“are turning”（现在进行时），此处描述当前正在发生的趋势，应用现在进行时，且主语为复数。故填are falling。 Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. stimulating B. springing C. capacity D. associated E. infectious F. resolute G. satisfying H. sweat I. bottles J. lights K. reframe Find your happy place: How to outsmart stress If you’re all too familiar with the physical sense of being stressed, it may be time to make some changes. Over time, this can negatively affect your body, leading to fatigue and headaches. Here are a few ways that research suggests can help you keep calm and carry on. Work up a (n) ____11____. When we’re stressed, the part of our brain that registers fear ____12____ up like a fireworks display. Regular exercise can provide a(n) ____13____ release for frustration and other negative feelings. It may reduce stress hormones and it can trigger your body to release feel-good chemicals that can help boost your mood. Be decisive We face dozens of choices every day, and each of them involves our mental ____14____ and requires us to make a decision. It turns out that being good at making decisions may be good for our health. Research shows that decisive people may have lower levels of the stress hormcne cortisol (皮质醇) than poor decision-makers. Want to be more ____15____? Simplify your decisions by focusing on facts, so you understand what’s really at stake (有风险), and then ____16____ problems as opportunities. Anxiety arises when one ____17____ up feelings The next time you’re sweating something, pause and ask yourself: What are the positives? How can I look at this as a(n) ____18____ challenge rather than a problem? Changing the way you look at a situation can help you respond a less stressful way. See every glass as at least half full Are you a pessimist? Chances are you can change your outlook through your experiences. The best strategy is to deliberately avoid other pessimists, and surround yourself with optimists whose positive emotions are ____19____. It’s also important to feel as if you have a purpose every day—whether that comes from your work, family and friends or an activity. Having something that you’re passionate about, and achieving goals ______20______ with it, can help many people have a more optimistic outlook. 【答案】11. H 12. J 13. G 14. C 15. F 16. K 17. I 18. A 19. E 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了四种应对压力的方法，包括锻炼、果断决策、调整心态和保持乐观，帮助人们保持冷静、缓解压力。 【11题详解】 考查名词。句意：出一身汗。空格处需填名词，作work up的宾语，结合后文“Regular exercise”可知，此处指通过锻炼出汗缓解压力，sweat符合语境，“work up a sweat”是固定短语，意为“出汗，努力工作”。故选H。 【12题详解】 考查动词。句意：当我们感到压力时，大脑中负责感知恐惧的部分会像烟花表演一样活跃起来。空格处需填动词作谓语，结合“like a fireworks display(像烟花表演一样)”，此处形容大脑恐惧感知区域变得活跃，lights符合语境，“light up”是固定短语，意为“活跃起来，点亮”。故选J。 【13题详解】 考查形容词。句意：规律锻炼能让人满意地释放挫败感和其他负面情绪。空格处需填形容词修饰release，satisfying意为“令人满意的”，“a satisfying release”表示“令人满意的释放”，符合锻炼带来的情绪舒缓效果，与后文“提升情绪”相呼应。故选G。 【14题详解】 考查名词。句意：我们每天面临几十个选择，每个选择都需要我们的心智能力，要求我们做出决定。空格处需填名词，作involves的宾语，mental capacity表示“心智能力”，符合“做出选择需要心智支撑”的逻辑。故选C。 【15题详解】 考查形容词。句意：想要更果断吗？空格处需填形容词，作be的表语，前文提到“Be decisive(要果断)”及“果断的人皮质醇水平更低”，此处承接主题，询问如何更果断，resolute意为“果断的，坚决的”，与decisive同义，符合语境。故选F。 【16题详解】 考查动词。句意：通过关注事实简化你的决定，这样你就会明白真正的风险所在，然后将问题重新定义为机会。空格处需填动词，与simplify并列，用原形，reframe意为“重新定义，重构”，“reframe problems as opportunities”表示“将问题重新定义为机会”，符合后文“调整看待问题的方式”的建议。故选K。 【17题详解】 考查动词。句意：当一个人压抑情绪时，焦虑就会产生。空格处需填动词作谓语，“bottle up”是固定短语，意为“压抑，抑制”，“bottle up feelings”表示“压抑情绪”，结合“焦虑产生”的结果，此处指情绪压抑的危害，bottles符合语境。故选I。 【18题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我如何将这视为一个有刺激性的挑战，而不是一个问题？空格处需填形容词修饰challenge，stimulating意为“有刺激性的，令人兴奋的”，与“rather than a problem”形成对比，符合“调整心态看待压力”的主题，鼓励将压力视为有意义的挑战。故选A。 【19题详解】 考查形容词。句意：最好的策略是刻意避开其他悲观主义者，让自己置身于乐观主义者之中，他们的积极情绪具有感染力。空格处需填形容词作表语，infectious意为“有感染力的”，“positive emotions are infectious”表示“积极情绪具有感染力”，符合“围绕乐观主义者能改变心态”的逻辑。故选E。 【20题详解】 考查形容词。句意：拥有你所热爱的东西，并实现与之相关的目标，能帮助许多人拥有更乐观的心态。空格处需填形容词，作后置定语修饰goals，“associated with”表示“与……相关的”，“goals associated with it”指与热爱的事物相关的目标，符合“通过追求热爱的事物实现目标、保持乐观”的语境。故选D。 II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. THE LEFT-HANDED have long struggled in a right-handed world. But they are ____21____ in one field: one-to-one sports such as fencing and tennis. The conventional explanation for this is that the ____22____ of lefties means right-handed athletes lack familiarity with them as opponents. But this may be only part of the story. Tim Simon at the University of Trento, in Italy, a fan of fencing, suspected the left-handed enjoy some ____23____ advantage in these sports, over and above their unfamiliarity. As he and his colleagues describe this week in Royal Society Open Science, for some of them that turns out to be true. To test his idea Dr Simon reasoned that were unfamiliarity the sole explanation for left-hander advantage, then the difference should decline at the highest levels of a sport, where players would be ____24____ to left-handers’ tricks. If, however, some innate factor associated with left-handedness were a cause, then the difference might actually increase. He therefore analysed the ____25____ over more than a decade of the world’s top athletes in badminton, table tennis, tennis and three types of fencing (foil, épée and sabre fencing). The result was that in foil and épée fencing, and table tennis, there was indeed a (n) ____26____ in left-handedness at the top. For example, 18% of the top 200 male épée fencers and 23% of the top male foil fencers were lefties, but that went up to 28% and 31% ____27____ when only the top 100 were considered. The other three sports, ____28____, did not show this effect. The difference, Dr Simon suspects, is that foil and épée involve stabbing (刺) with small and ____29____ movements. Table tennis requires ____30____ skillfulness. Sabre fencing, by contrast, involves larger slashing movements similar to those ____31____ in tennis and badminton. He theorises that this difference may be why lefties ____32____ in the first three sports but not the others. He assumes that the explanation may ____33____ left-handed people’s greater reliance than right-handers on their brains’ right hemispheres. The right hemisphere is more important than the left for processing visual, spatial and temporal inputs, and generating ____34____ responses. Though the benefits thus ____35____ are probably tiny, they matter at the top — where being a split second faster than an opponent separates victory from defeat. In Italian, the term for a lefty is sinistro. But there is nothing evil about their ability with a blade. Their neural connections are just better. 21. A. overrepresented B. underperformed C. overemphasized D. understated 22. A. awkwardness B. competence C. scarcity D. boom 23. A. acquired B. unfair C. inborn D. strategic 24. A. subject B. wise C. opposed D. indifferent 25. A. advantages B. defeats C. tricks D. performances 26. A. plunge B. divide C. balance D. jump 27. A. accordingly B. respectively C. naturally D. proportionately 28. A. meanwhile B. therefore C. likewise D. nevertheless 29. A. frequent B. stable C. rapid D. delicate 30. A. similar B. minimum C. remarkable D. technical 31. A. dismissed B. employed C. prohibited D. equipped 32. A. survive B. dominate C. compete D. persevere 33. A. account for B. bring about C. coincide with D. arise from 34. A. motor B. emotional C. collective D. fierce 35. A. hatched B. denied C. granted D. abused 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. D 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，探讨了左撇子在击剑、乒乓球等一对一运动中占比偏高的现象。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他们在一个领域中占比偏高：击剑和网球等一对一运动。A. overrepresented占比偏高；B. underperformed表现不佳；C. overemphasized被过分强调；D. understated被轻描淡写。根据后文对左撇子在部分一对一运动中优势的分析，以及第四段中“18% of the top 200 male épée fencers and 23% of the top male foil fencers were lefties”等数据可知，左撇子在这些运动中“占比偏高”，故选A。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：传统的解释是，左撇子的稀缺意味着右撇子运动员缺乏与他们作为对手的熟悉度。A. awkwardness笨拙；B. competence能力；C. scarcity稀缺；D. boom繁荣。根据常识及下文“right-handed athletes lack familiarity with them”可知，左撇子在人群中占比低（稀缺），导致右撇子对其不熟悉，故选C。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：意大利特伦托大学的蒂姆·西蒙是击剑爱好者，他怀疑左撇子在这些运动中除了不被熟悉之外，还享有一些先天优势。A. acquired后天习得的；B. unfair不公平的；C. inborn先天的；D. strategic战略上的。根据后文“If, however, some innate factor associated with left-handedness were a cause”（然而，如果与左撇子相关的某些先天因素是原因的话）可知，此处指“先天的”优势，与“innate”同义呼应，故选C。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：西蒙博士为了验证他的想法，推理道，如果不熟悉是左撇子优势的唯一解释，那么在运动的最高水平上，这种差异应该会缩小，因为运动员会熟悉左撇子的技巧。A. subject受……支配的；B. wise明智的；C. opposed反对的；D. indifferent冷漠的。根据上文“at the highest levels of a sport”可知，顶尖运动员会对左撇子的技巧“熟悉”，“be wise to”为固定表达，意为“熟悉，了解”，故选B。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，他分析了十多年来羽毛球、乒乓球、网球和三种击剑（花剑、重剑、佩剑）项目中世界顶尖运动员的表现。A. advantages优势；B. defeats失败；C. tricks技巧；D. performances表现。根据后文对不同项目左撇子占比的统计以及“over more than a decade of the world’s top athletes in badminton, table tennis, tennis and three types of fencing”可知，分析的是运动员的“表现”数据，故选D。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：结果显示，在花剑、重剑和乒乓球项目中，顶尖选手中左撇子的比例确实有所上升。A. plunge暴跌；B. divide分歧；C. balance平衡；D. jump上升。根据后文“18% of the top 200 male épée fencers and 23% of the top male foil fencers were lefties, but that went up to 28% and 31%”可知，顶尖选手中左撇子比例“上升”，故选D。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：例如，在顶尖200名男子重剑击剑运动员中，18%是左撇子，在顶尖男子花剑击剑运动员中，23%是左撇子，但当只考虑前100名时，这一比例分别上升到28%和31%。A. accordingly相应地；B. respectively分别地；C. naturally自然地；D. proportionately成比例地。根据前文“18% of the top 200 male épée fencers and 23% of the top male foil fencers”及“28% and 31%”可知，这两个数据是对应重剑和花剑项目“分别”上升后的比例，故选B。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，其他三项运动并没有显示出这种效果。A. meanwhile同时；B. therefore因此；C. likewise同样地；D. nevertheless然而。前文提到花剑、重剑和乒乓球项目左撇子比例上升，后文说其他三项没有这种效果，前后为转折关系，故选D。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：西蒙博士怀疑，不同之处在于花剑和重剑涉及用小而快速的动作刺击。A. frequent频繁的；B. stable稳定的；C. rapid快速的；D. delicate微妙的。根据后文“being a split second faster than an opponent separates victory from defeat”（比对手快一瞬间就能决定胜负）可知，这些运动需要“快速的”动作，故选C。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：乒乓球需要类似的熟练技巧。A. similar类似的；B. minimum最小的；C. remarkable非凡的；D. technical技术的。根据前文花剑和重剑需要快速刺击技巧，和后文对神经机制的分析，以及后文“skillfulness”可知，乒乓球需要“类似的”熟练动作技巧，故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：相比之下，佩剑击剑涉及更大幅度的劈砍动作，类似于网球和羽毛球中使用的动作。A. dismissed驳回；B. employed使用；C. prohibited禁止；D. equipped配备。根据上文“similar to those”可知，佩剑的劈砍动作与网球、羽毛球中“使用”的动作相似，故选B。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他推测，这种差异可能就是左撇子在前三类运动中占主导地位，而在其他运动中则不然的原因。A. survive幸存；B. dominate占主导地位；C. compete竞争；D. persevere坚持。根据前文左撇子在花剑、重剑和乒乓球项目中比例上升的现象及后文“in the first three sports but not the others”可知，他们在这些运动中“占主导地位”，故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他认为，这一解释可能源于左撇子比右撇子更依赖大脑的右半球。A. account for解释；B. bring about导致；C. coincide with与……一致；D. arise from源于。根据后文“left-handed people’s greater reliance than right-handers on their brains’ right hemispheres”可知，左撇子的优势“源于”对右半球的依赖，故选D。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：右半球在处理视觉、空间和时间输入以及产生运动反应方面比左半球更重要。A. motor运动的；B. emotional情感的；C. collective集体的；D. fierce激烈的。根据前文运动中需要的动作技巧以及前文“The right hemisphere is more important than the left for processing visual, spatial and temporal inputs, and generating”可知，右半球能产生“运动”反应，故选A。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管由此获得的优势可能微乎其微，但在顶尖水平的赛事中，这至关重要——比对手快一瞬间就能决定胜负。A. hatched策划；B. denied否认；C. granted赋予，获得；D. abused滥用。根据上文“the benefits”可知，这些优势是大脑右半球“赋予”的，故选C。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) A friend recently shared a post from the satirical (嘲讽的) site Reductress. It depicted a woman, arms held triumphantly high, beneath the headline:“ She Did It! This Woman Was Able To Confirm That Everyone Was Not Mad At Her!” I sometimes feel the same heart-sinking insecurity. If I haven’t heard from a friend in a while, or their most recent message seemed a bit a little too direct, my mind throws up the question: did I do something wrong? In many ways it’s a senseless reaction — I’ve no real reason to believe I’ve offended or upset them; they’re probably just busy. Yet I can’t shake the feeling. Why are we so quick to assume that our friends are mad at us — or even ready to drop us? “When we fear that our friends are mad at us, it feels really convincing,” says psychotherapist Meg Josephson. “ We’re trying to relieve this anxiety, so we seek reassurance —’ Was I annoying? Was I weird?’ — but it’s not getting to the actual feeling that’s underneath it. ” In her new book Are You Mad At Me?, Josephson says this impulse is driven by a desire to please and be affirmed. The so-called“ fawn response” is one way we respond to threats, whether real (physical danger) or perceived (your friend taking longer than usual to text you back). “The fawn response is about lessening the threat, so that you can feel safe, ” says Josephson. “ Your immediate instinct is to be ‘Are we OK?’ — or to compliment them, or be helpful to them, so that you can ease the perceived tension. ” Less well known than the fight or flight response, it is often developed in childhood in response to critical or emotionally neglectful parents, or a volatile home environment, Josephson says. Women are especially susceptible (受影响的), being socialized to put others at ease. The attempted mind-reading and “anxious rumination” can become exhausting, says Josephson. It also doesn’t actually protect you against conflict. The key is understanding that it is not the end of the world — or a friendship. “Especially if we grew up in more volatile homes, where conflict was brushed under the rug or we didn’t witness disagreement handled in a safe way, we learn to fear conflict as terminal,” Josephson says. “Actually, in healthy relationships, a little bit of friction is really good because it means both people can have differing opinions.” Conflict is not only inevitable; it can even be healing, she adds, demonstrating that disagreement or discomfort doesn’t have to come at the cost of intimacy. “Repair is what leads to closeness.” 36. The author mentions her own experience (Paragraphs 2-3) primarily to ________. A. justify her initial suspicion of her friends’ intentions B. demonstrate a personal instance of offensive friends C. introduce the discussion of the fawn response D. highlight the necessity of addressing digital miscommunication 37. The underlined word “volatile” in paragraph 10 most probably means ________. A. harmonious B. unstable C. desperate D. unsupportive 38. Based on Josephson’s views as presented in the passage, what can be inferred about healthy relationships? A. They are characterized by the absence of disagreement or friction. B. They depend on constant communication to prevent misunderstandings. C. They can be strengthened by successfully navigating occasional conflicts. D. They are best maintained by consistently using the fawn response. 39. What is the passage mainly about? A. The cause and nature of the fawn response. B. The negative impact of digital communication. C. Strategies for friendship repair after conflicts. D. Differences between fight, flight and fawn responses. 【答案】36. C 37. B 38. C 39. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，以作者自身对朋友态度的不安经历为切入点，引入心理治疗师Meg Josephson提出的“讨好反应”这一概念，阐述了其产生的原因、群体特征、负面影响，并结合健康人际关系的特点，说明冲突并非友谊的终结，反而能通过修复增进亲密感。 【36题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“I sometimes feel the same heart-sinking insecurity. If I haven’t heard from a friend in a while, or their most recent message seemed a bit a little too direct, my mind throws up the question: did I do something wrong? (我有时也会有同样的不安全感。如果我有一段时间没有收到朋友的消息，或者他们最近的消息看起来有点太直接了，我的脑海里就会出现这样的问题：我做错了什么吗？)”，以及后文第五段“In her new book Are You Mad At Me?, Josephson says this impulse is driven by a desire to please and be affirmed. The so-called“ fawn response” is one way we respond to threats, whether real (physical danger) or perceived (your friend taking longer than usual to text you back)(在她的新书《你在生我的气吗？》Josephson说，这种冲动是由取悦和被肯定的欲望驱动的。所谓的“讨好反应”是我们对威胁的一种反应，无论是真实的（身体上的危险）还是感知的（你的朋友比平时更晚才回复你的短信）)”可知，作者提及自身经历是为了引出“讨好反应”这一核心讨论话题。故选C。 【37题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第八段“Less well known than the fight or flight response, it is often developed in childhood in response to critical or emotionally neglectful parents, or a volatile home environment(与战斗或逃跑反应相比，它鲜为人知，通常是在童年时期形成的，源于挑剔或情感忽视的父母，或是不稳定的家庭环境)”可知，“讨好反应”的形成与负面家庭环境相关，与“critical or emotionally neglectful parents”并列的“volatile home environment”应是消极含义的短语。结合选项，B“不稳定的”符合“可能引发孩子产生讨好反应”的负面家庭环境特征，且与“critical”、“emotionally neglectful”表意一致。故选B。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据第十段“Actually, in healthy relationships, a little bit of friction is really good because it means both people can have differing opinions(事实上，在健康的关系中，一点点摩擦其实是好事，因为这意味着双方可以有不同的观点)”以及第十一段“Conflict is not only inevitable; it can even be healing, she adds, demonstrating that disagreement or discomfort doesn’t have to come at the cost of intimacy. “Repair is what leads to closeness.”(冲突不仅不可避免；她补充说，这甚至可以治愈，表明分歧或不适不一定以亲密为代价。“修复是导致亲密的原因。”)”可知，Josephson认为健康的人际关系中，冲突是有益的，通过成功应对偶尔的冲突，关系可以得到巩固。故选C。 【39题详解】 主旨大意题。文章开篇以作者自身经历引入，随后通过心理治疗师的观点，详细解释了“讨好反应”的定义、产生原因（童年经历、取悦他人的渴望）、群体特征（女性更易受影响）、负面影响（令人疲惫、无法避免冲突），最后结合健康人际关系说明冲突的积极意义。核心围绕“讨好反应”的本质和成因展开。故选A。 (B) Six Best Places for ________ in Paris Le Closerie des Lilas This restaurant/cafe/brasserie is a true literary location. On the terrace, F. Scott Fitzgerald apparently first revealed the manuscript for The Great Gatsby to Ernest Hemingway. This spot in Montparnasse was also frequented by Paul Verlaine, Max Jacob and Henry Miller, among others. 171 Boulevard du Montparnasse Les Deux Magots Located in Saint-Germain-des-Pres on the Left Bank, Les Deux Magotx gets a mention in Nabokov's novel Lolita. It was also frequented by such heavyweights as Albert Gamus, James Joyce, Bertolt Brecht and Ernest Hemingway. Even Julia Child liked the food enough to plant herself at one of its famed outdoor tables. Today, tables are occupied by tourists instead of typists, but it's worth paying a few euros for a coffee here. 6 Place Saint-Germain Des Pres Pere Lachaise Cemetery Perhaps the world's most famous resting place, Pere Lachaise is the home of Marcel Proust and Oscar Wilde, among scores of other famous people buried here. Singer and 'poet' Jim Morrison is, of course, famously six feet under in this verdant (郁郁葱葱的), ambient cemetery as well. 8 Boulevard de Menilmontant Polidor Ernest Hemingway, Paul Verlaine, James Joyce, Victor Hugo, Henry Miller, Arthur Rimbaud and Jack Kerouac all enjoyed classic French dishes like steak, beef Bourguignon, steak tartare, escargot, and foie gras at this sixth-arrondissement restaurant. In the 2011 Woody Allen film, Midnight in Paris, the protagonist meets Hemingway and Salvador Dali here. 41 Rue Monsieur Le Prince Bar Hemingway F. Scott Fitzgerald used to put 'em back at this fashionable and expensive bar in the Ritz. Musician Cole Porter would spend hours nursing cocktails at the bar and even composed a tune or two here. And, of course, the bar's namesake. Mr Ernest Hemingway, was a regular and even likened the drinking space to heaven. He also mentions the bar in The Sun Also Rises. 15 Place Vendome Shakespeare & Company Since 1951, this Left Bank bookshop has been a central meeting point for the city's English-language lovers of great literature. It's also attracted many legendary writers as well. Williams Burroughs, Anais Nin, James Baldwin, Henry Miller, Paul Auster, Martin Amis and Zadie Smith, among countless others, have shopped for books or participated in literary events here. 37 Rue de la Bucherie 40. Your friend Jenny plans to go to Paris for travelling and she is a big fan of the famous movie director Woody Allen. Which place would you recommend that she visit? A. 171 Boulevard du Montparnasse B. 41 Rue Monsieur Le Prince C. 8 Boulevard de Menilmontant D. 37 Rue de la Bucherie 41. Earnest Hemingway was a regular to the following places except ________. A. Pere Lachasise Cemetery B. Les Deux Magots C. Bar Hemingway D. Polidor 42. Which of the following phrases best complete the title? A. Literature Lovers B. Experienced Tourists C. Cuisine Enthusiasts D. History Researchers 【答案】40. B 41. A 42. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要向读者介绍了巴黎著名的6个热爱文学的人值得去的地方。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章介绍的第四个地方“Polidor”中“In the 2011 Woody Allen film, Midnight in Paris, the protagonist meets Hemingway and Salvador Dali here.(在2011年的伍迪·艾伦的电影《午夜巴黎》中，主人公在这里遇到了海明威和萨尔瓦多·达利)”可知，你的朋友珍妮来巴黎旅游的话，一定最想去的是41 Rue Monsieur Le Prince。故选B。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章介绍的第二个地方“Les Deux Magots”中的“It was also frequented by such heavyweights as Albert Gamus, James Joyce, Bertolt Brecht and Ernest Hemingway.(像阿尔伯特·加穆斯，詹姆斯·乔伊斯，贝托尔特·布莱希特，欧内斯特·海明威这样的重量级人物也经常光顾这里)”可知海明威经常来这里；以及文章介绍的第四个地方“Polidor”中“In the 2011 Woody Allen film, Midnight in Paris, the protagonist meets Hemingway and Salvador Dali here.(在2011年的伍迪·艾伦的电影《午夜巴黎》中，主人公在这里遇到了海明威和萨尔瓦多·达利)”可知，这里也是海明威常来的地方；以及根据文章介绍的第五个地方“Bar Hemingway”中“Mr Ernest Hemingway, was a regular and even likened the drinking space to heaven.(欧内斯特·海明威先生是这里的常客，甚至把这里比作天堂)”可知，这里也是海明威常来的地方。所以B.Les Deux Magots以及C. Bar Hemingway以及D. Polidor都是海明威常去的地方。故选A。 【42题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一个地点中的介绍“This restaurant/cafe/brasserie is a true literary location.(这家餐馆，咖啡馆也可以称为小酒馆的地方是个真正的文学场所)”；第二个地点的介绍“It was also frequented by such heavyweights as Albert Gamus, James Joyce, Bertolt Brecht and Ernest Hemingway.(像阿尔伯特·加穆斯，詹姆斯·乔伊斯，贝托尔特·布莱希特，欧内斯特·海明威这样的重量级人物也经常光顾这里)”；第三个地点中的介绍“Perhaps the world's most famous resting place, Pere Lachaise is the home of Marcel Proust and Oscar Wilde, among scores of other famous people buried here.(也许是世界上最著名的安息之地，在埋葬在这里的其他名人中，Pere Lachaise公墓是马塞尔·普鲁斯特和奥斯卡·王尔德的家)”；第四个地方的介绍“In the 2011 Woody Allen film, Midnight in Paris, the protagonist meets Hemingway and Salvador Dali here.(在2011年的伍迪·艾伦的电影《午夜巴黎》中，主人公在这里遇到了海明威和萨尔瓦多·达利)”；第五个地方的介绍“Mr Ernest Hemingway, was a regular and even likened the drinking space to heaven.(欧内斯特·海明威先生是这里的常客，甚至把这里比作天堂)”，第六个地方的介绍“Since 1951, this Left Bank bookshop has been a central meeting point for the city's English-language lovers of great literature.(自1951年以来，这家左岸书店一直是这个城市中英语语言文学爱好者们的一个中心聚会点)”可知，这六个地方都是文学爱好者们喜欢去的地方，故标题应为：Six Best Places for Literature Lovers in Paris。故选A。 (C) Sarcasm (讽刺) and jazz have something surprisingly in common: You know them when you hear them. Sarcasm is mostly understood through tone of voice, which is used to portray the opposite of the literal words. For example, when someone says, “Well, that’s exactly what I need right now,” their tone can tell you it’s not what they need at all. Most frequently, sarcasm highlights an irritation or is, quite simply, mean. If you want to be happier and improve your relationships, cut out sarcasm. Why? Because sarcasm is actually hostility disguised as humor. Despite smiling outwardly, many people who receive sarcastic comments feel put down and often think the sarcastic person is rude, or contemptible (可鄙的). Indeed, it’s not surprising that the origin of the word sarcasm derives from the Greek word “sarkazein” which literally means “to tear or strip the flesh off.” Hence, it’s no wonder that sarcasm is often used after the word “cutting” and that it hurts. What’s more, since actions strongly determine thoughts and feelings, when a person consistently acts sarcastically it may only serve to heighten their underlying hostility and insecurity. After all, when you come right down to it, sarcasm can be used as a subtle form of bullying—and most bullies are angry, insecure, or cowardly. Alternatively, when a person stops voicing negative comments, especially sarcastic ones, they may soon start to feel happier and more self-confident. Also, other people in their life benefit even more because they no longer have to hear the emotionally hurtful language of sarcasm. Now, I’m not saying all sarcasm is bad. It may just be better used sparingly—like a powerful spice in cooking. Too much of the spice, and the dish will be overwhelmed by it. Similarly, an occasional dash of sarcastic wit can spice up a chat and add an element of humor to it. But a big or steady serving of sarcasm will overwhelm the emotional flavor of any conversation and can taste very bitter to its recipient. So, tone down the sarcasm and work on clever wit instead, which is usually without any hostility and thus more appreciated by those you’re communicating with. In essence, sarcasm is easy while true, harmless wit takes talent. Thus, the main difference between wit and sarcasm is that, as already stated, sarcasm is often hostility disguised as humor. It can be intended to hurt and is often bitter and biting. Witty statements are usually in response to someone’s unhelpful remarks or behaviors, and the intent is to untangle and clarify the issue by emphasizing its ridicule. Sarcastic statements are expressed in a cutting manner; witty remarks are delivered with undisguised and harmless humor. 43. Why does the author say sarcasm and jazz have something surprisingly in common? A. Both are recognized when heard. B. Both have exactly the same tone. C. Both mean the opposite of what they appear to. D. Both have hidden in them an evident irritation. 44. What happens when a person consistently acts sarcastically? A. They feel their dignity greatly heightened. B. They feel increasingly insecure and hostile. C. They endure hostility under the disguise of humor. D. They taste bitterness even in pleasant interactions. 45. What does the author say about people quitting sarcastic comments? A. It makes others happier and more self-confident. B. It restrains them from being irritating and bullying. C. It benefits not only themselves but also those around them. D. It shields them from negative comments and outright hostility. 46. What is the chief difference between a speaker’s wit and sarcasm? A. Their intention. B. Their appreciation. C. Their emphasis. D. Their clarity. 【答案】43. A 44. B 45. C 46. A 【解析】 【导语】本文为议论文。文章通过类比讽刺与爵士乐的共性引入主题，论证 "减少讽刺、倡导善意机智" 的观点，剖析讽刺的本质危害、与机智的核心区别，最终给出沟通建议。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“Sarcasm and jazz have something surprisingly in common: You know them when you hear them.(讽刺和爵士乐之间竟有着惊人的相似之处：当你听到它们的时候，就能立刻辨别出来。)”可知，讽刺和爵士乐之间的相似之处在于“一听就能识别出来”。故选A项。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第五段内容“What’s more, since actions strongly determine thoughts and feelings, when a person consistently acts sarcastically it may only serve to heighten their underlying hostility and insecurity.(此外，由于行为会极大地影响思想和情感，如果一个人总是以讽刺的方式行事，这可能只会加剧他们内心深处的敌意和不安感。)”可知，持续讽刺行为会强化内在的敌意和不安全感。故选B项。 【45题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第六段内容“Alternatively, when a person stops voicing negative comments, especially sarcastic ones, they may soon start to feel happier and more self-confident. Also, other people in their life benefit even more because they no longer have to hear the emotionally hurtful language of sarcasm.(另外，当一个人不再发表负面评论（尤其是带有讽刺意味的评论）时，他们很快就会开始感到更加快乐和自信。而且，他们生活中的其他人也会受益更多，因为他们不再需要听到那种充满情感伤害的讽刺话语了。)”可知，停止讽刺后，本人更快乐自信，周围人因免受伤害而获益更多，即，对自己，对周围的人都有益处。故选C项。 【46题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章末尾段内容“Thus, the main difference between wit and sarcasm is that, as already stated, sarcasm is often hostility disguised as humor. It can be intended to hurt and is often bitter and biting. Witty statements are usually in response to someone’s unhelpful remarks or behaviors, and the intent is to untangle and clarify the issue by emphasizing its ridicule.(因此，机智与讽刺的主要区别在于：正如我们之前所说，讽刺往往是以幽默的形式来掩饰敌意的。它的目的往往在于伤害他人，并且通常带有尖刻和刺耳的意味。机智的言论通常是对他人无益的言论或行为的回应，其目的在于通过强调其荒谬之处来理清并阐明问题。)”可知，讽刺是“伪装成幽默的敌意”，意图伤人；机智则“无恶意且幽默”，无敌意，意图理清问题。由此推知，二者的主要区别在于意图不同。故选A项。 Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Pedestrian: a word fitted to the most dull, tedious and monotonous moments of life. We don’t want to live pedestrian lives. Yet maybe we should. Many of history’s great thinkers have been pedestrians. Henry David Thoreau and William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge and Walt Whitman, Friedrich Nietzsche and Virginia Woolf — all were writers who tied the working of their minds to the steady movement of their feet. ____47____ How many of us today are able to free ourselves from the page and head out the door when we rise from our desks? Even observing the dictates of nature, breathing deeply out in the open air as we set our legs into motion, it’s likely we need to accomplish the undertaking as quickly and efficiently as possible. But in so doing, perhaps we still miss the essence of the activity itself. We abandon the art of walking. ‘Walking with a purpose’ is usually regarded as a positive thing, taken as a sign that people are focused, with eyes on an end-goal or prize. But the art of walking is not about purpose or aim. ____48____ The art of walking is all about this purposeless purpose. These days, it’s difficult to understand the point of doing something, or doing anything, without an underlying aim. The desperate attempt to get somewhere, and to be on time about it, amounts to a Sisyphean struggle against the clock: when we reach a destination, we must immediately set off again, intent on the next stopping place. The point of the journey is no more than to ‘get there’. And walking is increasingly shaped by technological gadgets worn on wrists or gripped in hands. ____49____ To live with eyes on the screen is to be attached, stuck in the frame, taking in what is presented to us and re-presented to us again. But representation is not experience. To live life through representations is to live passively, to receive rather than to experience. It is also, we fear, to live the life of a follower. Instead of asking What do I see? How might I tell you? we are told instead how to see, and often what to feel — much of that is determined by algorithm. The art of walking is contrary to ‘screening’ the world we live in, and there is no pre-programmed set of rules or calculations involved. ____50____ We don’t need to visit a museum in order to be absorbed in artful perception and contemplation. We can just step out the front door, pay attention, and perceive and feel for ourselves. A. This, according to Kant, is the freedom of any form of art. B. Walking with disinterest requires a little effort in the beginning, and it comes with practice. C. In doing so, they were in step with the opposing forces of motion and rest, a force written into the laws of nature. D. As Immanuel Kant maintained, the creation and comprehension of beauty is embodied in ‘a purposiveness without a definite purpose’. E. They walk for a variety of purposes, from practical ones like commuting or walking the dog, to symbolic acts like joining a protest march. F. We spend an increasing amount of time ‘screening’ the world — taking in most of life through a contracted frame that captures objects of immediate interest. 【答案】47. C 48. D 49. F 50. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章开篇指出“平庸”常与枯燥生活关联，但诸多伟大思想家均是步行者，进而批判现代步行的目的导向与科技束缚，强调“步行的艺术”核心是“无明确目的的合目的性”。 【47题详解】 上文“Henry David Thoreau and William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge and Walt Whitman, Friedrich Nietzsche and Virginia Woolf — all were writers who tied the working of their minds to the steady movement of their feet.(亨利·戴维·梭罗、威廉·华兹华斯、塞缪尔·泰勒·柯勒律治、沃尔特·惠特曼、弗里德里希·尼采和弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫——所有这些作家都将自己的思维活动与双脚的稳步移动联系在一起)”说明多位伟大作家将思维活动与步行绑定，强调步行对思考的重要性。选项C“这样一来，他们便与运动和静止这两种对立力量保持同步，这是一种写入自然法则的力量。”承接上文并解释其深层意义。故选C。 【48题详解】 上文“But the art of walking is not about purpose or aim.(但步行的艺术与目的或目标无关。)”说明步行的艺术无明确目的性，为阐释本质铺垫。选项D“正如伊曼努尔·康德所主张的，美之创造与体悟，蕴含于‘无明确目的的合目的性’之中。”引用观点定义其本质。故选D。 【49题详解】 上文“And walking is increasingly shaped by technological gadgets worn on wrists or gripped in hands.(步行正日益受到手腕上佩戴或手中紧握的科技设备的影响。)”说明科技设备对现代步行有影响。选项F“我们花费越来越多的时间‘屏幕化’看待世界——通过一个有限的框架捕捉当下感兴趣的事物，以此接纳生活的大部分内容。”具体解释设备如何改变步行体验。故选F。 【50题详解】 上文“The art of walking is contrary to ‘screening’ the world we live in, and there is no pre-programmed set of rules or calculations involved.(步行的艺术与“屏幕化”看待我们所处的世界相悖，它不涉及任何预先设定的规则或计算。)”说明步行的艺术具有无预设规则的自由性。选项A“康德认为，这正是任何艺术形式所具备的自由。”引用观点升华其自由属性，呼应前文且逻辑闭环。故选A。 III. Summary Writing Directions: 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. The Case for a Mentoring (指导) Program Teachers and leaders at our school are continually telling us that we should become more engaged in the community by volunteering our time. After thinking about this, I have a suggestion that would not only help high school students get involved but would also help elementary students in our district. Many of the students at our high school have excellent academic skills. With a mentoring program, these students could put their skills to use by helping younger students who are struggling academically. My own sister, who attends one of the elementary schools that feeds into our high school, is having a hard time in math. Her classroom is crowded, and she can’t always get the one-on-one attention that she needs to understand a new concept. She has told me that she has many friends who also need help. A mentoring program in which high school students tutor elementary school students could be the solution. By using a mentoring program, struggling youngsters could get the individual attention they need to master new concepts. In researching mentoring programs, I learned of several promising results. According to an article published in the November 2005 Education World, elementary school students raised their reading levels significantly in a short period of time after being tutored by high school students. Furthermore, volunteering seems to have a positive influence on the high school mentors themselves. As students learn how to be good mentors, they focus on effective communication skills, including how to share and how to listen, all boosted significantly. Generally speaking, these skills are valuable for everyone. Additionally, mentors get the satisfaction of meaningfully contributing to their community and future generations. Because mentoring programs have proven to be so successful, they are also undergoing certain changes. Some schools pair high school students with elementary students to practice computer skills, to play sports, to learn to play a musical instrument, or to discover how to be a good citizen. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 The author suggests a school mentoring program, where high school students with strong academic skills tutor struggling elementary students. The program benefits younger learners by providing much-needed one-on-one attention. For mentors, it boosts communication skills and brings the satisfaction of contributing to the community. Such programs have proven successful and now expand to areas like computer skills and sports. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了建立指导项目的必要性和益处。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①Teachers and leaders at our school are continually telling us that we should become more engaged in the community by volunteering our time. I have a suggestion that would not only help high school students get involved but would also help elementary students in our district. ②With a mentoring program, these students could put their skills to use by helping younger students who are struggling academically. ③Furthermore, volunteering seems to have a positive influence on the high school mentors themselves. ④Because mentoring programs have proven to be so successful, they are also undergoing certain changes. 2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行总结，作为背景引入，将2、3三个要点进行整合，作为建立指导项目的益处，第4个要点作为总结。 3.遣词造句A mentoring program enables high school students to aid struggling elementary students academically, benefiting both. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The author suggests a school mentoring program, where high school students with strong academic skills tutor struggling elementary students.运用了一个复杂的主从复合句，对原文第一、二段进行了概括。其中when引导了定语从句，表达非常高级。 【高分句型2】The program benefits younger learners by providing much-needed one-on-one attention.运用了非谓语动词，对原文第二段进行了概括。其中动名词providing，作by的宾语，表达非常高级。 IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 随着幕布升起，首次亮相的演员们随着音乐的节拍尽情载歌载舞。(With)(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________ 【答案】With the curtain rising, the actors making their debut danced and sang heartily to the rhythm of the music. 【解析】 【详解】考查with复合结构和时态。表示“随着幕布升起”用with的复合结构，“幕布”使用名词curtain作宾语，“升起”使用动词rise，和curtain之间是主动关系，使用现在分词作宾补；句子陈述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时；表示“首次亮相的演员们”用the actors making their debut，其中现在分词短语“making their debut”作后置定语修饰名词actors；表示“随着音乐的节拍”用to the rhythm of the music；表示“尽情载歌载舞”用dance and sing heartily，其中动词使用过去式，heartily作状语修饰动词danced and sang。调整语序，故翻译为With the curtain rising, the actors making their debut danced and sang heartily to the rhythm of the music. 53. 从双子山可以俯瞰远处的温室花园，其光影效果增添了它的神秘氛围。(distance) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________ 【答案】From Shuangzi Mountain, you can overlook the greenhouse garden in the distance, whose light and shadow effects add to its mysterious atmosphere. 【解析】 【详解】考查短语和定语从句。表示“从双子山”为from Shuangzi Mountain；主语为you；表示“俯瞰”用动词overlook，且can后跟动词原形；表示“温室花园”可用the greenhouse garden；表示“远处的”为in the distance；后跟非限制性定语从句修饰先行词garden，在从句作定语，故用whose引导；表示“光影效果”为light and shadow effects；表示“增添”短语为add to；表示“它的神秘氛围”为its mysterious atmosphere，陈述事实用一般现在时。故翻译为From Shuangzi Mountain, you can overlook the greenhouse garden in the distance, whose light and shadow effects add to its mysterious atmosphere. 54. 这个由传统手工艺工坊改造的产业园区，不仅保留了文化底蕴，还在品牌升级和转型方面打了头阵。(transform) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________ 【答案】This industrial park transformed from a traditional handicraft workshop not only preserves cultural heritage but also takes the lead in brand upgrading and transformation. 【解析】 【详解】考查短语和句型。表示“产业园区”用this industrial park，表示“由传统手工艺工坊改造”用transform from a traditional handicraft workshop，与park构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语；表示“不仅……而且……”句型为not only…but also…；表示“保留了文化底蕴”为preserve cultural heritage；表示“在品牌升级和转型方面打了头阵”可用take the lead in brand upgrading and transformation。陈述事实用一般现在时。故翻译为This industrial park transformed from a traditional handicraft workshop not only preserves cultural heritage but also takes the lead in brand upgrading and transformation. 55. 当这个身着格子衬衫的中年人在会议上发言时，与其说是他渊博的学识，倒不如说是他的幽默感给在场的贵宾留下了深刻的印象。（address）（汉译英） _______________________________________________________________________ 【答案】When the middle-aged man in a check shirt addressed the meeting/ delivered an address at the meeting, it was more his sense of humor than his profound/extensive knowledge that left a deep impression on the distinguished guests. 【解析】 【详解】考查时间状语从句、强调句型和动词搭配。根据句意，该句描述过去会议中的一个场景，使用一般过去时；“当这个身着格子衬衫的中年人在会议上发言时”为时间状语从句，主语“the middle-aged man in a check shirt”中，in a check shirt为介词短语作后置定语，修饰man；谓语“发言”可译为addressed the meeting或delivered an address at the meeting，其中address作动词时表示“向……发表讲话”，符合题干要求；主句采用强调句型it was...that...，表示“与其说是……倒不如说是……”，即more...than...；被强调部分为his sense of humor表示“他的幽默感”与his profound/extensive knowledge表示“他渊博的学识”；谓语“给……留下深刻印象”为left a deep impression on，表示“贵宾”为the distinguished guests作宾语，其中distinguished表示“尊贵的，杰出的”。故翻译为When the middle-aged man in a check shirt addressed the meeting / delivered an address at the meeting, it was more his sense of humor than his profound/extensive knowledge that left a deep impression on the distinguished guests. V. Guided Writing Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假如你是旦华中学的李明，在学校的艺术节提交了一幅名为The Last Mender的画作，在提交这幅作品时，需要向评审老师给这幅画写一篇介绍词，阐述画作的创作理念。 要求： 1）简要描述图片。 2）结合现实生活，阐述你对图片的理解。 The Last Mender ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 The Last Mender Hello, respected judges. Let me share my work The Last Mender. In the picture, an elderly man, who runs a toy-repair shop, is mending a red rocking horse carefully. Two boys stand by him: one holds a stuffed rabbit, waiting for their toys to be fixed. But the bold “demolish” word on the wall, which is painted next to the shop, tells us this old store will soon be torn down. I painted this because I’ve seen many such old craft shops vanish as cities expand. These menders don’t just fix toys; they mend the sweet childhood memories that modern machines can’t replace. What I want to express is that we should cherish these fading skills — they are parts of our life that shouldn’t be forgotten. That’s why I called it The Last Mender: to hold onto those warm, gentle moments. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求以李明身份介绍画作，描述画面、结合现实阐释创作理念。 【详解】1.词汇积累 受尊敬的：respected → honored 仔细地：carefully → cautiously 消失：vanish → dissipate 珍惜：cherish → treasure 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Two boys stand by him: one holds a stuffed rabbit, waiting for their toys to be fixed. 【点睛】拓展句：Standing by his side are two boys; one is gripping a stuffed rabbit, waiting for their toys to be mended. 【高分句型1】In the picture, an elderly man, who runs a toy-repair shop, is mending a red rocking horse carefully.（运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】But the bold “demolish” word on the wall, which is painted next to the shop, tells us this old store will soon be torn down.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句、省略引导词that的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $