Unit 3 Period 4 Extended reading, Project, Assessment & Further study-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册教用word（译林版）

本高中英语讲义围绕“友谊的重要性”核心主题，系统梳理语篇理解（主旨、结构、细节）、词汇（阅读词汇、核心词汇、拓展词汇）、语法（语法填空）、短语及句型（如while对比、even if让步状语从句等）知识点，以学习支架形式构建从语篇分析到语言应用的完整脉络。 该资料亮点在于分层设计与核心素养融合，通过多维度语篇理解活动提升语言能力，结合重点词汇（如count on、respect）用法解析与语法填空培养思维品质，课后分基础知识与综合能力巩固助力学习能力提升。课中辅助教师高效授课，课后帮助学生查漏补缺，强化知识落实。

Period 4 Extended reading, Project, Assessment & Further study 〈读文清障，文本助解释疑〉见分册本 精读课文 语篇理解 Activity 1 Reading for Main Idea What is the passage mainly about? A. The importance of friendship. B. The path of life. C. Our own thoughts and personal growth. D. Advice on how to make friends. [答案]A Activity 2 Structure and Clues [答案]importance； fruits； Advice Activity 3 Reading for Details 1．What can we learn from the passage? A. We should always escape into our own world. B. Friendship will help us become happier, wiser and more satisfied. C. Our true friends won't offer us any useful advice. D. We shouldn't depend on our true friends' judgements. [答案]B 2．Why may we hope to be alone sometimes in our life? A. Because we want to escape into our own world. B. Because social groups can affect our own thoughts. C. Because being alone can lead to personal improvement. D. Because close friendship can smooth out the rocky road. [答案]C 3．What can we learn about the second fruit of friendship? A. It's very easy to find out our own weaknesses. B. Our own feelings can make our judgements better. C. Our friends can help us make important decisions. D. Our friends should deal with our problems alone. [答案]C 4．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. A carefully chosen friend will bring us advantages. B. People can succeed as soon as he has friends. C. Individuals can choose friends carelessly. D. We ought to enjoy the company of a crowd. [答案]A Activity 4 Grammar Filling for the passage There are many 1.   （benefit） of friendship that we can enjoy. 2.   （general） speaking, close friendships have three “fruits”： the peace that comes from 3.   （share） with friends our joy, sadness, success and 4.   （fail）, the better understanding and 5.   （judge） that may be achieved through conversations with well-meaning and wise friends, and the help that a friend may offer 6.   many different ways. Through friendship, we can become 7.   （happy）, wiser and more satisfied humans. Finally, it should be pointed 8.   that enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same 9.   being with friends. Friends should be carefully chosen and relationships carefully 10.   （develop）. [答案] 1．benefits 2．Generally 3．sharing 4．failure 5．judgement 6．in 7．happier 8．out 9．as 10．developed 自查语基 知能落实 Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记 选出与单词对应的汉语释义 A.主题；主旋律 B.诗人 C.肤浅的，浅薄的；浅的 D.其实，实际上；的确；真正地 E.博客，网志 F.出于好心的，善意的 G.效率高的，有功效的 H.葡萄酒；果酒 I.额外的，分外的，附加的 1．shallow adj. 2．blog n. 3．theme n. 4．efficient adj. 5．extra adj. 6．indeed adv. 7．well-meaning adj. 8．poet n. 9．wine n. [答案] 1．C 2．E 3．A 4．G 5．I 6．D 7．F 8．B 9．H Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通 根据课文语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词 1．in my _ _ _ _ _ _ 在我看来 [答案]opinion 2．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ of a good friend 一个好朋友的品质 [答案]qualities 3．_ _ _ _ to be alone 寻求独处 [答案]seek 4．_ _ _ _ _ _ into our own world 逃进我们自己的世界 [答案]escape 5．_ _ _ _ _ _ of closeness 亲密时光 [答案]moments 6．_ _ _ _ _ _ of a crowd 一群人的陪伴 [答案]company Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活 根据提示写出相应的单词 1．_ _ _ _ n.基础；原因；基准→base vt.根据；以……为基础→basic adj.基本的 [答案]basis 2．_ _ _ _ _ _ vt.尊重,尊敬n.尊敬,敬意；重视→respectful adj.表示敬意的；尊敬的→respectable adj.值得尊敬的 [答案]respect 3．_ _ _ _ _ _ vt.估量,判定；测量n.措施；衡量→measurement n.衡量 [答案]measure 4．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ n.沉思；反射；映像；反映→reflect v.反思；映射；反射 [答案]reflection 5．_ _ _ _ _ _ n.优势,益处,成效 vt.使受益 vi.得益于→beneficial adj.有益的，有利的 [答案]benefit 6．_ _ _ _ _ _ vt.宽慰,抚慰n.舒服；安慰→comfortable adj.舒服的→（反义词）uncomfortable adj.不舒服的 [答案]comfort 7．_ _ _ _ n.高兴,愉快；令人高兴的人（或事）,乐趣→joyful adj.高兴的；令人愉快的 [答案]joy 8．_ _ _ _ _ _ n.失败；失败的人（或事）；未履行；故障→fail vt.& vi.失败,未能（做到）；未做，未履行（某事） [答案]failure 9．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ vt.承认,意识到；认出,辨别出→recognition n.承认；认出；认识 [答案]recognize 10．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ adj.彻底的,全面的；仔细的→thoroughly adv.彻底地 [答案]thorough 11．_ _ _ _ n.死,死亡；死亡状态→dead adj.死的→die vi.死亡 [答案]death 12．_ _ _ _ n.一伙人,一帮人；人群 vt.挤满,使拥挤 vi.聚集；挤,涌→crowded adj.人（太）多的，拥挤的；充满的，挤满的 [答案]crowd 13．_ _ _ _ _ _ vt.钦佩；欣赏→admirable adj.令人敬佩的→admiration n.钦佩；欣赏 [答案]admire Ⅳ.重点短语·再现 根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语 1．We can't _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （指望） the good weather lasting. [答案]count on 2．He didn't even have the courage to tell them _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （亲自）. [答案]in person 3．The _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （最令人愉快的部分） of this trip was a day at the beach. [答案]high point 4．His wife stuck faithfully to him _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （同甘共苦）. [答案]through thick and thin 5．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （在我看来）, the decision was wholly justified. [答案]In my opinion 6．If we can _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （克服） our present difficulties, then everything should be all right. [答案]get over 7．I want to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （使显现） clearly all the issues that are involved. [答案]bring out 8．We will be able to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （消除） our differences. [答案]smooth out 9．A liquid can _ _ _ _ _ _ （呈现） the shape of whatever container it is in. [答案]take on 10．After retirement, they enjoy the life _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （最大程度地）. [答案]in full measure Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现 根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子 1．while表示对比 Huck is a poor white boy whose father often beats him, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （而吉姆是一个渴望自由的黑人奴隶）. ［分析］ 此句中还含有whose引导的_ _ _ _ 从句。 [答案]while Jim is a black slave who longs to be free； 定语 2．even if/though引导让步状语从句 Tim is someone whom I should try my best to help, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （即使这意味着我要做更多的事情）. [答案]even if it means more work for me 3．as引导原因状语从句 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （因为我们生活在社会群体中）,there are many benefits of friendship that we can enjoy.（Para.2） [答案]As we live in social groups 4．find+it+adj./n.+to do... We often _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （发现认识别人的弱点更容易） than our own.（Para.4） [答案]find it easier to recognize other people's weaknesses 5．it作形式主语 Finally, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （应该指出的是） enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends.（Para.6） [答案]it should be pointed out that 创意课堂 点面突破 1 count on 依赖,依靠,指望 【经典例句】（教材P34）A real friend is someone whose support we can count on. 真正的朋友是我们可以信赖的人。 （1）count up 计算,算出总数 count in把……计算在内 count out不把……考虑/计算在内 （2）rely on=depend on依靠,依赖 【单句语法填空/一句多译】 （1） Count _ _ _ _ to ten before you open your eyes. （2） That was the first time Dad had counted _ _ _ _ me in a moment of emergency. （3） 在过去，许多农民不得不依靠补助来维持基本的生活需要。 →_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ subsidies to make a basic living wage in the past. →_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ subsidies to make a basic living wage in the past. →_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ subsidies to make a basic living wage in the past. [答案] （1） up （2） on （3） Many farmers had to rely on；Many farmers had to depend on；Many farmers had to count on 2 respect vt.尊重,尊敬 n.尊敬,敬意；重视 【经典例句】 ①（教材P37）I must respect and support the choices he makes. 我必须尊重和支持他做出的选择。 ②（外研必修一U3）Lawyers help people and are respected by others. 律师帮助人们并且受人尊重。 （1）respect sb./sth.for sth. 因某事尊敬/尊重某人/某物 （2）show/have respect for... 对……表示尊重/尊敬 win/gain/earn the respect of... 赢得……的尊重 out of respect for... 出于对……的尊重 give/send one's respects to... 代某人向……问候/表达敬意 （3）respectable adj. 值得尊敬的,体面的 respectful adj.表示尊敬的；恭敬的 be respectful of...尊重…… 【单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子】 （1） The Chongyang Festival also called Double Ninth Festival, is a day for people to show respect _ _ _ _ their elders. （2） Everyone in our class thinks of our English teacher as a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ teacher and we are all _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ of him.（respect） （3） I'm sorry I can't come to your home. Please _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （替我问候你的父母）.［应用文写作之道歉信］ （4） 我最尊敬的人是我的班主任，他总是不遗余力地在各个方面帮助我们。 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ，who is always sparing no effort to help us in every aspect.［应用文写作之人物描写］ [答案] （1） for （2） respectable；respectful （3） give/send my respects to your parents （4） The person I respect most is my head teacher 3 bring out 使显现，使表现出；说出，阐明；出版 【经典例句】（教材P37）And I think Tim is the one who brings out the best in me. 我认为蒂姆是那个能让我发挥出最佳状态的人。 bring up 抚养；培养；教育；提出；呕吐 bring about引起；导致 bring down使倒下；降低；减少 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 （1） Many people are beginning to reflect on why they pay so much to study abroad and what kind of consequences it will bring _ _ _ _ . （2） Brought _ _ _ _ in a small mountain village, he found it quite difficult to adapt himself to the city life. （3） Our government has taken measures to bring _ _ _ _ the prices of daily goods. （4） Please make another sentence to bring _ _ _ _ the meaning of the phrase. （5） 导师的指导真的激发了这位年轻天才隐藏的音乐潜力。 The mentor's guidance really _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in the young genius. [答案] （1） about （2） up （3） down （4） out （5） brought out the hidden musical talent 4 measure vt.估量，判定；衡量；（尺寸、长短、数量等）量度为 n.措施；衡量 【经典例句】 ①（教材P37）I'll always value these qualities of a good friend and try to measure myself by these standards as our friendship develops. 随着我们友谊的发展，我会一直珍视好朋友的这些品质，试着用这些标准来衡量自己。 ②（外研必修一U5）It uses its eyes to measure the position of the sun. 它用眼睛来测量太阳的方位。 （1）measure...by... 用……来衡量…… （2）take measures （to do sth.） 采取措施（做某事） 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 （1） [（2024·全国甲卷）]The government has struggled to come up with _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （measure） to address（处理） the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River. （2） Success is not measured _ _ _ _ how much money you have but by how you understand the true meaning of life.［读后续写之主旨升华］ （3） The Great Wall _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （measure） more than 21,000 kilometers long is known as one of the seven wonders in the world. （4） 该是我们采取措施阻止空气污染的时候了。 It is high time that we _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .［应用文写作之环境保护］ [答案] （1） measures （2） by （3） measuring （4） took/should take measures to keep the air from being polluted （1）measure意为“措施”时，常用其复数形式measures; （2）measure意为“量，有……长（宽、高等）”时，是不及物动词，后跟量的结果，不用被动语态及进行时态；如果此意义的短语作后置定语，要用现在分词形式。 5 reflection n.沉思；反射；映像；反映 【经典例句】 ①（教材P39）As we walk the “path of life”, we may sometimes wish to be alone with our own thoughts, for quiet periods of reflection can lead to personal improvement. 当我们走上“人生之路”时，有时候我们可能希望独自思考，因为安静思考期间会带来个人进步。 ②（外研必修一U2）English was invented by people, not computers, and it reflects the creativity of the human race. 英语是由人而不是电脑发明的，它反映了人类的创造力。 （1）on/upon reflection 仔细想来，经过慎重考虑 a reflection of...……的反映/映射 without reflection不假思索地 （2）reflect vi.思考 vt.思考；映射；反射 reflect on/upon思考;反省 be reflected in倒映在;反映在 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 （1） A city is the product of the human hand and mind, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （reflect） man's intelligence and creativity. （2） Literature is the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （reflect） of real life and the artists should pay attention to the times and society. （3） 不要害怕错误和失败，你必须通过反思它们来提高自己。 Don't be afraid of mistakes and failures；you have to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .［应用文写作之建议信］ [答案] （1） reflecting （2） reflection （3） improve yourself by reflecting on/upon them 6 seek vi.试图；寻找；争取 vt.寻求；寻找 【经典例句】（外研必修一U5）They migrate to find food, seek a partner, or in search of warmer weather. 它们会为了寻找食物、伴侣，或者更温暖的天气而迁徙。 （1）seek to do sth. 寻求/试图做某事 seek for/after sth.寻找/寻求某物 seek out找出,找到 seek sth. from sb.向某人寻求某物 （2）seek one's advice/help/assistance 寻求某人的建议/帮助/协助 seek one's fortune寻找发迹的机会 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 （1） More and more foreigners have sensed the great potential market and come to the country to seek _ _ _ _ cooperation. （2） Robert didn't feel well, so he had to seek advice _ _ _ _ his doctor as soon as possible. （3） 我在英语学习方面遇到了一些困难，因此我别无选择，只能寻求你的帮助。 I meet with some difficulties with my English study, so _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .［应用文写作之求助信］ [答案] （1） for （2） from （3） I have no choice but to seek your help 7 escape vi.& vt.逃脱,躲避；逃跑；避开，避免；被遗忘 n.逃离，逃脱 【经典例句】（教材P39）However， when we seek to be alone， we must be careful that we do not always escape into our own world. 然而，当我们寻求独处时，我们必须小心，不要总逃进我们自己的世界。 （1）escape from... 从……逃脱/逃跑 escape+n./doing sth.避开（做）某事 （2）a narrow escape九死一生 【单句语法填空/同义替换】 （1） Primitive humans needed to be able to react like this to escape _ _ _ _ dangerous animals. （2） They had _ _ _ _ narrow escape when a car crashed into theirs. （3） Whoever breaks the law won't escape punishment. →Whoever breaks the law won't escape _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . [答案] （1） from （2） a （3） being punished 8 benefit n.优势，益处，成效 vt.使受益 vi.得益于 【经典例句】 ①（教材P39）As we live in social groups， there are many benefits of friendship that we can enjoy. 因为我们生活在社会群体中，我们可以享受友谊带来的许多好处。 ②（外研必修一U6）What are the benefits of gardening？ 园艺的好处是什么？ （1）be of great benefit （to...）（对……）大有好处 be to one's benefit对某人有利 for the benefit of...为了……的利益 benefit from/by...从……中受益 （2）beneficial adj. 有益的,有利的 be beneficial to sth./sb.对某事/某人有益 【单句语法填空/一句多译】 （1） This performance is being held _ _ _ _ the benefit of the disabled, aimed at raising people's concern about their lives.［应用文写作之活动介绍］ （2） 我们将会从阅读英语名著中受益良多，所以我们现在就开始吧。 →Reading English classics _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ， so let's begin right now.（beneficial adj.） →Reading English classics _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ， so let's begin right now.（benefit n.）［应用文写作之建议信］ [答案] （1） for （2） is very beneficial to us；is of great benefit to us 9 comfort vt.宽慰，抚慰 n.舒服；安慰 【经典例句】 ①（教材P39）Generally speaking, close friendships have three “fruits”:they may comfort the heart, advise the head and help us achieve the goals we set for ourselves. 一般来说，亲密的友谊有三个“成果”：它们可以抚慰心灵，启迪思维，帮助我们实现我们为自己设定的目标。 ②Seeing his daughter crying, the young father took her in his arms and comforted her. 看到自己的女儿在哭泣，这位年轻的父亲把她搂在怀里安慰她。 （1）in comfort 舒适地 It is a comfort to do...做……是一件令人感到舒适的事。 （2）comfortable adj.舒服的,舒适的 comfortably adv.舒服地,舒适地 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 （1） Surely there is some way of ordering our busy lives so that we can live _ _ _ _ comfort and find spiritual harmony too. （2） Many businesses started up by college students have taken off thanks to the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （comfort） climate for business creation. （3） This kind of chair will enable the audience to sit _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （comfort） while they are watching the shows. （4） 每当她心烦意乱时,她就会向她的妈妈寻求安慰和建议。 Whenever she was upset, she would _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . [答案] （1） in （2） comfortable （3） comfortably （4） turn to her mother for comfort and advice 10 recognize vt.承认，意识到；认出，辨别出 【经典例句】 ①（教材P39）We often find it easier to recognize other people's weaknesses than our own. 我们常常发现认识别人的弱点比认识自己的更容易。 ②The fishermen were my old friends, but they were unable to recognise me. 这些渔民都是我的老朋友了，却没能认出我来。 （1）recogniz（s）e...as/to be... 承认……是……；认出……是…… It is recogniz（s）ed that...人们公认…… （2）recognition n.认出；认识；识别 beyond/out of recognition认不出来 【单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子】 （1） Today, the Great Wall is recognized _ _ _ _ one of the most impressive wonders in the world. （2） With the development of its economy, my hometown has changed _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （认不出来） in the last few years. （3） 人们公认环境污染是人类所面临的最严重的问题之一。 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ environment pollution is one of the most serious problems that people face.［应用文写作之环境保护］ [答案] （1） as （2） beyond/out of recognition （3） It is recogniz（s）ed that 11 company n.陪伴,作伴；公司 【经典例句】 ①（教材P40）Finally, it should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends. 最后,应该指出的是,与一群人在一起和与朋友在一起,不是一回事。 ②（人教必修一WELCOME UNIT）My dream is to start my own IT company！ 我的梦想是创办一家自己的信息技术公司！ for company 陪伴 keep sb. company陪伴某人；与某人结伴 in the company of...在……的陪伴下 in company with...和……一起 【单句语法填空/同义替换】 （1） During her illness，her younger sister would keep _ _ _ _ （she） company. （2） She spent her birthday _ _ _ _ the company of her family and closest friends. （3） We visited the museum yesterday with several foreign tourists. →We visited the museum yesterday _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . [答案] （1） her （2） in （3） in company with several foreign tourists 12 admire vt.钦佩；欣赏 【经典例句】 ①（教材P41）They admired each other and quickly became friends. 他们彼此欣赏，很快成了朋友。 ②（人教必修一U2）Stay in a local hotel, visit the museums, admire the architecture, enjoy the excellent local food, and go shopping at the local markets. 住在当地的酒店，参观博物馆，欣赏建筑，享受当地的美食，以及在当地的市场购物。 （1）admire sb. for... 因……而羡慕/钦佩某人 （2）admiration n.赞赏,钦佩 with/in admiration 钦佩地,赞赏地 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 （1） Jeremy has a large circle of friends and is very popular at parties. Everybody admires him _ _ _ _ his great sense of humor.［应用文写作之人物介绍］ （2） With its magical landscapes, a wide range of species and mirror-like sky, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has been attracting people's _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （admire） for centuries. （3） 长白山是一个值得探索的旅游景点，在那里你可以欣赏令人叹为观止的景色。 Changbai Mountain is a tourist attraction worth exploring, where you can _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . ［应用文写作之推荐信］ [答案] （1） for （2） admiration （3） admire the breathtaking scenery 13 even if/though引导让步状语从句 【经典例句】 ①（教材P37）Tim is someone whom I should try my best to help， even if it means more work for me. 蒂姆是我应该尽全力去帮助的人，即使这意味着我要做更多的事情。 ②（北师大必修一U1）He feels so happy that he followed his heart when choosing what to do with his life, even though it may not be what others expected of him. 他感到很高兴，在选择自己的人生道路时，他听从了自己的内心，尽管这可能不是别人对他的期望。 even if/though意为“即使、虽然”，引导让步状语从句，其用法如下： （1）从句谓语动词用一般现在时表示将来要发生的动作或存在的状态； （2）当主句和从句主语相同或从句主语为it，且从句谓语动词含有be动词时，从句可省略主语和be动词。 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 （1） He is so busy that he cannot afford enough time with his children even if he _ _ _ _ （want） to. （2） He won't come to our party even if _ _ _ _ _ _ （invite）. （3） 尽管他很忙，他还是愿意帮我们。 He is willing to help us _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .［应用文写作之人物介绍］ [答案] （1） wants （2） invited （3） even if/though he is very busy 14 find+it+adj./n.+to do... 【经典例句】 ①（教材P39）We often find it easier to recognize other people's weaknesses than our own. 我们常常发现认识别人的弱点比认识自己的更容易。 ②（人教必修一U1）But spending too much time online is unhealthy and makes it very difficult to focus on other things in life. 但在网上花太多时间不仅不利于健康，还会让人很难关注生活中的其他事情。 教材原句中it作形式宾语，形容词作宾语补足语，动词不定式作真正的宾语。 （1）常用于该结构的动词还有think、make、believe、consider、feel等; （2）宾语补足语的形式有形容词（短语）、名词（短语）和介词短语; （3）真正的宾语的形式有动词不定式（短语）、动词-ing（短语）及宾语从句。 【单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译】 （1） We thought _ _ _ _ a pity that we failed in the important competition. （2） The professor considers it no good _ _ _ _ _ _ （read） without understanding. （3） 你的建议让我轻松地克服了这个挑战。因此，我再怎么感谢你都不为过。 Your advice _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .So I can't thank you enough.［应用文写作之感谢信］ （4） 我性格外向且热心，这让我很容易与来自其他国家的学生交朋友。 →I'm outgoing and warm-hearted， so _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ students from other countries.（it作形式主语） →I'm outgoing and warm-hearted， which _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ students from other countries.（it作形式宾语）［应用文写作之申请信］ [答案] （1） it （2） reading （3） made it easy for me to overcome the challenge （4） it is easy for me to make friends with；makes it easy for me to make friends with 课堂微练 即时检验 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Our city has changed beyond all _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （recognize） in the past 20 years. [答案]recognition 2．Bob made a bird feeder _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （measure） 20 centimeters in width, put some grains in it and hung it up from the tree. [答案]measuring 3．It has been proved that tai chi is of great benefit to our health. Actually, many people have benefited _ _ _ _ _ _ this sport. [答案]from/by 4．As the journey was a long one, he took a friend with him _ _ _ _ company. [答案]for 5．He would not be _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （comfort） in any other clothes. [答案]comfortable 6．Police are still trying to establish the cause of _ _ _ _ （die）. [答案]death 7．It's a good habit for you to spend some time reflecting _ _ _ _ _ _ your successes and failures every month. [答案]on/upon 8．The parents have very definite ideas on how to bring _ _ _ _ their children. [答案]up Ⅱ.完成句子 1．在我看来，是我们拥有新电脑的时候了。 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , it is high time that we had new computers. [答案]In my opinion 2．据报道，在纸上阅读比在电子屏幕上阅读更有利于记忆和集中注意力。（it作形式主语） _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ reading on paper rather than an electronic screen is better for memory and focus. [答案]It is reported that 3．为了给自己的国家赢得荣誉，他即使在比赛中受伤也没有放弃。（even if/though引导让步状语从句） To win an honour for his country， he didn't give up _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . [答案]even if/though he got injured in the race 4．因为每天坚持写学习日记非常重要，我想把它介绍给你们。（as引导原因状语从句） _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , I would like to introduce it to you. [答案]As keeping a learning diary every day is very important 5．他的决定使我们在今天下午四点以前完成工作成为可能。［make it+adj./n.+ （for sb.） to do sth.］ His decision _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the work by four o'clock this afternoon. [答案]makes it possible for us to finish 课后巩固 多维提能 ［基础知识巩固练］ 维度一 词形转换和动词的形式变换 1．The _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （reflect） from the street lamps gave them just enough light. [答案]reflection 2．She was looking as _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （thorough） tidy as ever. [答案]thoroughly 3．My father is a highly _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ man; following the example set by him, we were brought up to be _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ of elders.（respect） [答案]respectable； respectful 4．Obviously, John has great _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （admire） for the responsible leader, who has made the company better. [答案]admiration 5．Cycling is highly _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （benefit） to health and the environment, so we should encourage more people to cycle instead of using private vehicles. [答案]beneficial 6．Their answers should be _ _ _ _ （base） on gestures, body language and facial expressions. [答案]based 维度二 固定用法和搭配 1．The city has been built up really fast, and it's changed _ _ _ _ _ _ recognition. [答案]beyond 2．At last the man decided to pay a visit to the old man _ _ _ _ person. [答案]in 3．We find _ _ _ _ very easy to get along well with our new classmates and teachers at school. [答案]it 4．He managed to escape _ _ _ _ the burning car. [答案]from 5．This proves that as long as we have a strong will, we'll be able to get _ _ _ _ any difficulty. [答案]over 6．I always want to keep up with others in studies even _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ I face many difficulties. [答案]if/though 维度三 完成句子 1．即使我们可能会面对许多困难，为实现梦想而吃苦也是值得的。 It is worthwhile to suffer for our dreams, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . [答案]even if/though we may face many difficulties 2．学好英语对我们来说很重要。 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ we should learn English well. [答案]It is important that 3．我们发现与他们一起工作很愉快。 We _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ with them. [答案]found it pleasant to work 4．我相信大家都会从这个活动中获益良多。 I am sure everyone will _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . [答案]benefit a lot from this activity 5．人们认为他是一个勤奋且诚实的人。 He _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a hardworking and honest person. [答案]is recognized to be/as 维度四 融合教材·主题探究 【改编自外研必修一U4】 “Twenty years ago tonight,” said the man, “I dined here at ‘Big Joe’ Brady's with Jimmy Wells, my best chum, and the finest chap in the world. He and I were raised here in New York, just like two brothers, together. I was eighteen and Jimmy was twenty. The next morning I was to start for the West to make my fortune. You couldn't have dragged Jimmy out of New York; he thought it was the only place on earth. Well, we agreed that night that we would meet here again exactly twenty years from that date and time, no matter what our conditions might be or from what distance we might have to come. We figured that in twenty years each of us ought to have our destiny worked out and our fortunes made, whatever they were going to be.” “It sounds pretty interesting,” said the policeman.“Rather a long time between meets, though, it seems to me. Haven't you heard from your friend since you left?” “Well, yes, for a time we corresponded,” said the other.“But after a year or two we lost track of each other. You see, the West is a pretty big proposition, and I kept hustling around over it pretty lively. But I know Jimmy will meet me here if he's alive，for he always was the truest, staunchest old chap in the world. He'll never forget. I came a thousand miles to stand in this door tonight, and it's worth it if my old partner turns up.” 1．Why did the man decide to go to the West? A. To see the world. B. To make money. C. To avoid a debt. D. To hide himself. 2．Why did Jimmy remain in New York? A. Their friendship broke up. B. Jimmy didn't want to leave. C. He had a lot to do in New York. D. He wanted to wait for his friend. 3．What happened to their friendship after they said goodbye? A. They kept in touch for at least 20 years. B. They met now and then after saying bye. C. Their friendship came to an end after that. D. They had been out of touch for many years. 4．What's the main idea of the passage? A. The appointment of the two friends. B. Why the two friends had the appointment. C. How the two friends had the appointment. D. The disappointed appointment. [答案] 1．B 2．B 3．D 4．A ［综合能力提升练］ Ⅰ.阅读理解 [（2025·安徽淮南四中第二次阶段考）]A Ritz has been teaching for nearly 10 years in a high school where the early graduation rate of the students was just 17%. He discovered a way to connect and intrigue these students, especially the ones who seemed the hardest to reach. Once, he received a package of flower bulbs （球茎） which he mistakenly thought were onions. He was afraid that they might become weapons （武器） in a classroom fight, so he hid them behind a radiator （暖气片） inside the classroom and forgot about them. Six weeks later, an angry girl ran after a boy who always made troubles. As usual, Ritz rushed towards them to break up what he thought was about to become a disaster. He saw the boy reach towards the radiator and thought he might have hidden a weapon there. To his surprise, the boy suddenly pulled out a bunch of yellow flowers and gave them to the girl as a peace offering. The girl decided to take the flowers home to her mother and peace came back. The forgotten bulbs were actually daffodils （水仙花）. The steam from the radiator had forced them into flowers. From such an experience, Ritz realized that if there was power in plants to prevent a classroom fight, there must be power in plants to change students' lives. He turned the moment of growing plants into a green course, a movement that would change his life and the lives of his students. He designed vegetable gardens in part of the school ground and on top of a building. Ritz's students now have not only near-perfect attendance and graduation rates, but also great green fingers. 1．What does the underlined word “intrigue” mean in paragraph 1? A. Interest. B. Protect. C. Punish. D. Challenge. 2．What stopped the fight between the boy and the girl? A. The radiator. B. A tasty dish. C. Some yellow flowers. D. The teacher's words. 3．How are Ritz's students affected by his green course? A. They have low attendance. B. They become the hardest to reach. C. They know how to make weapons. D. They fall in love with learning. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A. What a Classroom Needs for a Fight B. Why a Plant Has an Effect on Students C. How a Teacher Changes His Students D. How a Teacher Becomes Popular [答案] 1．A 2．C 3．D 4．C [解析] 1．词义猜测题。根据画线词前“He discovered a way to connect and”可知,画线词与connect为并列关系,再结合最后一段内容可知,里茨的学生出勤率和毕业率近乎完美。由此可推知,里茨应该是找到了方法能够让学生对学习感兴趣,画线词与interest的意思最为接近。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“To his surprise... peace came back.”可知,男孩和女孩之间的打闹是被里茨遗忘的水仙花平息的。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知,里茨的绿色种植课程使学生爱上了学习。 4．标题归纳题。本文讲述了里茨通过开设绿色种植课程提高了学生的学习兴趣,增加了其出勤率和毕业率的故事,C项最适合作文章标题。 【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了被里茨遗忘的水仙花种子平息了学生间的冲突,他由此想到开设绿色种植课程的故事。 B Before I came to the United States years ago， I had thought that culture separated people， but I have realized now that cultures are closer than we know. In the United States， there are certainly more differences than similarities when comparing it to my country. An amazing aspect of culture is the food produced. I've always been a foodie （美食家）． When I was hungry， there were many foreign signs of restaurants， but deciding which one was a difficult task. I remember reading the sign for “Chipotle” and I had no idea what was served there. Who would ever have imagined that an experience as simple as trying new food would produce thoughts of cultures？I find it truly beautiful that each culture brings different spices and tastes to the table. I have tried wonderful foods from all sorts of cultures. Each is very unique and atmospheres are also quite interesting and culturally affected. Although the food may taste different， preparation can be somewhat consistent （一致的）． Many of the foods I have tasted have had similar mechanisms of cooking （烹饪机制）． Here in the United States， it can be somewhat difficult to express all of my culture， mainly because there are many different cultures here. But I have found common ground on these matters and have learned to adapt to different cultures. I have learned how to live in two cultures. I'm not saying it's easy. I'm not saying that it's extremely hard， but it's all about balance. Each person has their own culture. Life has too many things to care. The theory of “When in Rome， do as the Romans do” is very applicable in most situations. Throughout my experiences here， I have certainly learned a lot about others. Culture is something different to many people but in the end， it connects all of us. Cultures bring others together to create new and exciting situations. 5．What does the author learn about culture after coming to the United States? A. Culture separates people. B. Culture is from local food. C. Culture is closer than he knows. D. Food is the culture that unites people. 6．What made the author confused about American food? A. The choice of proper food. B. The ways of serving food. C. The different tastes of food. D. The methods of food production. 7．What does the author find beautiful about different cultures? A. Each culture has unique atmosphere. B. Each culture brings different tastes to the table. C. All foods from different cultures taste the same. D. Preparation methods of food are similar across cultures. 8．How does the author feel about living in two cultures? A. Difficult. B. Unpleasant. C. Awkward. D. Helpful. [答案] 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．D [解析] 5．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Before I came to the United States...cultures are closer than we know.”可知，作者意识到文化之间的联系比自己所了解的更紧密。 6．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When I was hungry...which one was a difficult task.”可知，关于美国的食物，让作者感到迷茫的是如何在众多餐馆中选择适合自己的食物。 7．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I find it truly beautiful...tastes to the table.”可知，不同的文化带来不同口味的食物。 8．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Throughout my experiences here...create new and exciting situations.”可推知，作者认为生活在两种不同的文化环境中是有益的。 【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者以自己在异乡的经历告诉我们如何在不同的文化中生活。 Ⅱ.完形填空 On a heavy rainy day, I didn't have an umbrella. I had just 1 a bus and had to walk back to my house. I 2 walking in that direction, when I heard somebody shouting, “Sister, sister.” I looked back and 3 the stationery （文具） shopkeeper. I went to him and asked what was the 4 . He said that since it was raining heavily, I could take a 5 in his shop, have a look at his new 6 and go home when the rain stopped. I hesitated for a moment, but the 7 to have a look at the pens made me nod. To my surprise, I found that the shop was larger than I thought. The stationery shopkeeper 8 me a chair and took out the pens for me. I 9 a beautiful pen and had a try. It 10 so smoothly that I wanted to buy it with all my heart, 11 as expected it was very expensive. The shopkeeper said, “I can give you the pen for ninety-five dollars 12 one hundred.” I looked up and thanked him for the 13 , but refused politely as it was 14 quite expensive for me. By that time, the rain had stopped, and after 15 his kindness, I quickly walked back to my house. After that day, the shop became my favorite place to hang out. Although both of us knew nothing about each other, we had a deep friendship. 1．A. run into B. got off C. run after D. got on 2．A. started B. forgot C. considered D. preferred 3．A. called B. answered C. saw D. remembered 4．A. reason B. trouble C. event D. matter 5．A. picture B. seat C. breath D. test 6．A. umbrellas B. books C. pens D. backpacks 7．A. desire B. dream C. importance D. result 8．A. provided B. offered C. threw D. supplied 9．A. made use of B. took out of C. thought little of D. caught sight of 10．A. wrote B. ran C. walked D. moved 11．A. and B. or C. so D. but 12．A. other than B. rather than C. more than D. because of 13．A. decision B. solution C. suggestion D. expression 14．A. still B. again C. ever D. even 15．A. showing B. appreciating C. answering D. responding [答案] 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．D 10．A 11．D 12．B 13．C 14．A 15．B [解析] 1．根据下文had to walk back to my house可知,此处是指刚刚下公交车（get off）。 2．根据下文“walking...when I heard somebody shouting”可知,此处是指开始（start）朝回家的方向走去。 3．根据上文“I looked back”可知,此处是指看到（see）文具店店主。 4．根据上文的what可知,此处用固定搭配“what was the matter”来询问发生了什么事。 5．根据上文的take和下文的go home when the rain stopped可知,此处用固定短语take a seat,意为“坐下”。 6．根据下文have a look at the pens可知,此处是指看看他的新钢笔（pen）。 7．根据下文“to have a look at the pens made me nod”及语境可知,此处是指想去看一看那些钢笔的欲望（desire）。 8．根据下文me a chair并结合常识可知,此处用offer sb. sth.，意为“给某人提供某物”。 9．根据下文a beautiful pen可知,此处是指看到（catch sight of）一支漂亮的钢笔。 10．根据上文a beautiful pen and had a try和下文so smoothly可知,此处是指钢笔书写（write）流畅。 11．根据上文“I wanted to buy it with all my heart”和下文“it was very expensive”可知,上下文之间是转折关系,所以用连词but。 12．根据语境可知,此处是指这支钢笔卖给作者95美元,而不是（rather than）100美元。 13．根据上文内容可知,店主要便宜一点卖给作者,所以此处是指作者很感激他的提议（suggestion）。 14．根据上文“it was very expensive”及but refused politely和下文quite expensive for me可知,此处是指这支钢笔对作者来说仍然（still）很贵。 15．根据下文his kindness可知,此处是指作者感谢（appreciate）店主的好意。 【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在一个雨天,作者为了躲雨而进入一家文具店,店主的善意打动了作者,之后作者和文具店店主建立了深厚的友谊的故事。 Ⅲ.语法填空 Having good and close friends is very important to 1.   （teenager）.But it takes time to make a good friend. Spending time together will help you get to know your friends well so that you can feel quite 2.   （comfort） about sharing feelings. Doing things together,whether you're doing homework, kicking a soccer ball, or working on an art project, also 3.   （build） closeness. A good friend will make you feel good about yourself. On 4.   other hand, some friendships can turn unpleasant and leave you 5.   （question） your self-worth. If your friend is a person 6.   often makes you anxious, you ought to distance yourself 7.   him or her. The great thing is that there are almost always new opportunities to find other friends. It just requires some 8.   （patient） to acquire a close friend. It's also common for friendships to change as kids move to different schools or stages of life, as it takes extra effort 9.   （maintain） friendships that don't put them in close proximity （接近） to each other. In many ways, friendship comes 10.   （natural） to children. However,it also needs skills to make your friendships last long. [答案] 1．teenagers 2．comfortable 3．builds 4．the 5．questioning 6．who/that 7．from 8．patience 9．to maintain 10．naturally [解析] 1．考查名词复数。teenager是可数名词,前面没有限定词,故空处应用其复数形式。 2．考查形容词。根据空前的系动词feel以及上下文语境可知,空处应用comfort的形容词形式。 3．考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据上下文语境可知，句子用一般现在时。分析句子结构可知，Doing things together为句子的主语，空处作句子的谓语。故空处应用第三人称单数形式。 4．考查固定搭配。on the other hand意为“另一方面”,为固定搭配。 5．考查非谓语动词。leave sb. doing sth.意为“让某人做某事”，为固定搭配。 6．考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语,先行词为a person,指人，应用who或that引导。 7．考查介词。distance oneself from sb.意为“远离某人”，为固定搭配。 8．考查名词。空处作requires的宾语,并被some修饰,应用patient的名词形式patience,patience为抽象名词，不可数。 9．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用动词不定式作真正的主语,it作形式主语。 10．考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰谓语动词comes,应用natural的副词形式。 【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了拥有亲密的好朋友对青少年来说非常重要,并介绍了维系良好友谊的方法。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $