Unit 2 Period 4 Extended reading, Project, Assessment & Further study-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册教用word（译林版）

Period 4 Extended reading, Project, Assessment & Further study 〈读文清障，文本助解释疑〉见分册本 精读课文 语篇理解 Activity 1 Reading for Main Idea What is the passage mainly about？ A. The struggles of a family. B. Mother's love for her children. C. The author's Bank Account. D. The author's dreams. [答案]B Activity 2 Structure and Clues [答案]wisely； to help； draw money out； depend upon； secure Activity 3 Reading for Details 1．What's in “Little Bank”？ A. The money for Papa's cigarettes. B. The money to buy snacks in Dillon's grocery. C. The money needed for emergencies. D. The money earned by looking after the Elvington children. [答案]C 2．Why did Mama tell a lie? A. Because she disliked her children. B. Because she liked money very much. C. Because she didn't have enough money. D. Because she wanted to make her children feel secure. [答案]D 3．What can we learn from the passage? A. Nels was very selfish. B. Papa was very lazy and humorous. C. Mama was caring and wise. D. Mama had an account inside the bank. [答案]C 4．What can we learn about Mama's Bank Account? A. It was in a bank far away from the author's home. B. The author drew some money out of Mama's Bank Account. C. It was in the control of Mama and Papa. D. It didn't actually exist at all. [答案]D Activity 4 Grammar Filling for the passage Mama always sat down by the kitchen table,counting out the money that Papa 1.   （bring） home. It was typical of her to divide each part into 2.   （difference） aims. For example, the big silver pieces were for the rent. In our daily life, Mama tried her best not to draw money out 3.   her Bank Account, however hard the life was.4.   Nels wanted to go on to high school, my family members did our best to earn or save money instead of 5.   （go） to the Bank. To get enough money, Nels would volunteered 6.   （work） in Dillon's grocery after school. Papa decided to give up 7.   （smoke）, and I planned to look after the Elvington children every Friday night. However, one day twenty years later, when I asked Mama to put 8.   check of my first story in the Bank Account last year, Mama had to admit 9.   there was no account in the bank at all.10.   （actual）, Mama's Bank Account just made us children feel proud and secure. [答案] 1．had brought 2．different 3．of 4．When/As 5．going 6．to work 7．smoking 8．the 9．that 10．Actually 自查语基 知能落实 Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记 选出与单词对应的汉语释义 A.烟斗；管子；管乐器 B.大腿部 C.（戏剧等）场；场面，片段；地点，现场；景象，风光 D.出纳员；叙述者 E.食品杂货；食品杂货店 F.突发事件，紧急情况 G.在市中心，往市中心 1．grocery n. 2．emergency n. 3．pipe n. 4．downtown adv. 5．lap n. 6．teller n. 7．scene n. [答案] 1．E 2．F 3．A 4．G 5．B 6．D 7．C Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通 根据课文语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词 1．health _ _ _ _ _ _ 健康专家 [答案]experts 2．it is _ _ _ _ _ _ that 有可能 [答案]likely 3．a time for _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 冒险时刻 [答案]adventure 4．her bank _ _ _ _ _ _ 她的银行账户 [答案]account 5．for the _ _ _ _ 用于房租 [答案]rent 6．write down another _ _ _ _ _ _ 写下另一个数字 [答案]figure 7．the living room of a _ _ _ _ 一个公寓的客厅 [答案]flat Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活 根据提示写出相应的单词 1．_ _ _ _ _ _ vt.设计；制订n.设计；设计艺术→designer n.设计者；设计师 [答案]design 2．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ n.表现；表演；执行，履行→perform vt.& vi.表演；表现；执行；履行→performer n.表演者 [答案]performance 3．_ _ _ _ vt.& vi.催促，逼迫；按，压；挤，推n.报章杂志，报刊；新闻工作者，新闻界→pressure n.压力 [答案]press 4．_ _ _ _ adj.热切的，渴望的，渴求的→eagerly adv.热切地；渴望地 [答案]eager 5．_ _ _ _ _ _ adj.安心的；可靠的；牢固的→security n.安全 [答案]secure 6．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ vi.& vt.毕业n.毕业生→graduation n.毕业；毕业典礼 [答案]graduate 7．_ _ _ _ _ _ vi.聚集，集合vt.收拢；搜集， 收集；聚集→gathering n.聚会；集会 [答案]gather 8．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ vt.& vi.主动建议（或告诉）；自愿做，义务做n.志愿者→voluntary adj.志愿的；自愿的；主动的 [答案]volunteer 9．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ n.手术；运转，操作→operate v. 运转；操作；动手术→operator n.操作员；接线员 [答案]operation 10．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ n.回复；反应，响应→respond v.回答；响应 [答案]response Ⅳ.重点短语·再现 根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语 1．Even though she tried to hide them, her expression _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （公布） her true feelings. [答案]gave out 2．He encouraged the family to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （振奋起来） after the earthquake. [答案]cheer up 3．I just need some time to think, so _ _ _ _ me _ _ _ _ （不打扰……）! [答案]leave； alone 4．That means that if you're late, you don't _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （关心） them or their time. [答案]care about 5．My mom _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （责备我） my casual attitude towards life all the time. [答案]is on my back about 6．Anything made of wood needs to be _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （保护……免受……） the weather. [答案]protected from 7．When her child _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （毕业于） high school, Ann moved to a small town in Vermont. [答案]graduated from 8．They prepared to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （记下） what he would say in shorthand. [答案]write down 9．It seemed to _ _ _ _ light _ _ _ _ _ _ （从……中汲取） the darkening earth. [答案]draw； out of 10．The young birds usually _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （依靠） their parents for food for several weeks. [答案]depend upon/on Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现 根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子 1．“There's no point in doing sth.”意为“做某事是没有意义的。” _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （将你和别人比较是没有意义的） all the time. [答案]There's no point in comparing you with others 2．as if/though引导表语从句 It seems _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （好像我的成绩是最重要的事情） in her life. [答案]as if my grades are the most important thing 3．“特殊疑问词+-ever”引导让步状语从句 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （无论发生什么）, we always knew we still had the Bank to depend upon.（Para.14） ［分析］ 此句中“we still...depend upon”为省略连接词that的_ _ _ _ 从句。 [答案]Whatever happened； 宾语 创意课堂 点面突破 1 design vt.设计；制订 n.设计；设计艺术 【经典例句】 ①（教材P20）So, we have designed TeenHealthWeb to help you along the journey to adulthood. 所以，我们设计了“青少年健康网”来帮助你走向成年。 ②（外研必修一U6）The terraces are cleverly designed, with hundreds of waterways that connect with each other. 梯田设计巧妙,数百条水道相互连接。 （1）be designed for sb./sth.为某人/某事而设计 be designed to do sth.目的是做某事；被设计用于做某事 （2）by design=on purpose 故意地,蓄意地 （3）designer n. 设计者；设计师 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 （1） Many columns of the English newspaper are specially designed _ _ _ _ senior high school students to enrich our boring campus life. （2） I'm terribly sorry to say that I have hurt your feelings, but I didn't do it _ _ _ _ design.［应用文写作之道歉信］ （3） 我写信是邀请您参加我们为了帮助对中国传统文化感兴趣的国际学生而设计的活动。 I'm writing to invite you to join us in the activity _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . ［应用文写作之邀请信］ [答案] （1） for （2） by （3） （which is） designed to help the international students interested in traditional Chinese culture 2 likely adj.可能的，预料的，有希望的 adv.可能地 【经典例句】（教材P20）It is likely that the matter has already been discussed on our forum. 很可能这个问题已经在我们的论坛上讨论过了。 （1）sb./sth.be likely to do... 某人/某物可能会做…… It is likely that...很可能…… （2）unlikely adj.不可能的 【单句语法填空/一句多译】 （1） We need to put more effort into our work, or it is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （likely） to be finished inside a year. （2） Doing exercise regularly is likely _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （reduce） stress and get over negative feelings. （3） 一个表达关爱的小小举动可能会融化人们内心的孤单。 →_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a small gesture of care will melt people's inner loneliness. →A small gesture of care _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ melt people's inner loneliness.［读后续写之主旨升华］ [答案] （1） unlikely （2） to reduce （3） It is likely that；is likely to 3 performance n.表现；表演；执行，履行 【经典例句】（教材P21）Right now, it's just making you anxious and having a bad influence on your performance.现在，它只是让你感到焦虑，并对你的表现产生不良影响。 perform vt.& vi. 表演；表现；执行；履行 perform one's duty/promise尽职责/履行诺言 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 （1） I'm looking forward to your wonderful _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （perform） in the coming competition.［应用文写作之邀请信］ （2） Each person of our country has to perform _ _ _ _ （he） own duty. （3） 她这次考试的表现令人失望，但她承诺下次要提高。 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , but she promised to improve next time. [答案] （1） performance （2） his （3） Her performance in the exam was disappointing 4 cheer up （使）变得高兴，振奋起来 【经典例句】（教材P21）Cheer up, Teresa. They'll understand and everything will turn out all right! 振作起来，特蕾莎。他们会理解的，而且一切都会变好的！ （1）cheer...on 为……加油 （2）Cheers！干杯！（口语，用于祝酒） （3）cheerful adj.高兴的，快乐的 cheerfully adv.欢乐地，愉快地 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 （1） This is just for you._ _ _ _ _ _ （cheer）! （2） Debbie greeted her _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （cheerful）, and they got down to business. （3） This attractive tour takes you to some of San Francisco's most _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （cheer） holiday scenes. （4） 振作起来吧！你的困难不久就会过去的。 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ！Your troubles will soon be over. [答案] （1） Cheers （2） cheerfully （3） cheerful （4） Cheer up 5 press vt.& vi.催促，逼迫；按，压；挤，推 n.报章杂志，报刊；（the press）新闻工作者，新闻界 【经典例句】 ①（教材P22）When we're at home， she keeps pressing me to study all the time. 我们在家里时，她一直催促我学习。 ②（外研必修一U1）Challenges like this might sometimes put you under pressure. 类似这样的挑战或许有时会让你们有压力。 （1）press sb. to do/into doing sth. 催促某人做某事 press on（不顾困难）继续进行 press against/on挤，压，按 （2）pressure n.压力 under the pressure of...在……的压力下 put...under pressure=put pressure on...使……处于压力下 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 （1） [（2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ）] Here are some tips on making wise decisions to minimize（减少） _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （press） on the places we visit and improve our experience. （2） I'm busy with my studies because I have a lot of homework to do, making me _ _ _ _ a lot of pressure. （3） 你不应该给队友施加太大压力，否则他们会精疲力尽。 You should not _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ， or they may burn out.［应用文写作之建议信］ [答案] （1） pressure （2） under （3） put your teammates under too much pressure/put too much pressure on your teammates 6 eager adj.热切的，渴望的，渴求的 【经典例句】 ①I am an eager learner, always looking for new opportunities to expand my skills. 我是一个好学的人，总是寻找新机会来扩展我的技能。 ②（外研必修一U1） I woke up early and rushed out of the door in my eagerness to get to know my new school. 我早早醒来，带着想了解新学校的急切心情冲出了家门。 （1）be eager for... 渴望得到…… be eager to do sth.渴望做某事 （2）eagerness n.热切，渴望 in one's eagerness to do sth.某人渴望做某事 with eagerness热切地 （3）eagerly adv.热切地；渴望地；急切地 【单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子】 （1） On the first day, I couldn't control my _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to get to know my new classmates, so I got up early and went to the new school _ _ _ _ _ _ .（eager） （2） I'm writing to you in the hope of seeking for help. Our school will hold an English poetry reading contest on 15 May. I want to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （热切地试一下）, but I don't know which poems I should choose.［应用文写作之求助信］ （3） 我渴望找到一个好方法能在短时间内提高我的书面英语，所以我希望你能推荐一些有效的方法。 I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in a short time, so I hope you can recommend some effective methods. ［应用文写作之求助信］ [答案] （1） eagerness；eagerly （2） have a try with eagerness （3） am eager to find a good way to improve my written English 7 account n.账户；描述；解释vt.认为是，视为 【经典例句】 ①（教材P25）We were all so proud of Mama's Bank Account. 我们所有人都为妈妈的银行账户感到十分自豪。 ②（2022·全国乙卷满分作文）However, those choosing reading English books and visiting English learning websites only account for 18% and 12%. 然而，那些选择阅读英语书籍和访问英语学习网站的仅占18%和12%。 （1）on account of 由于，因为 on no account绝不（置于句首时，句子用部分倒装） give an account of描述；说明 take account of=take...into account/consideration 考虑到……，把……考虑进去 （2）account for是……的原因；解释；导致；占……（比例） 【单句语法填空/同义替换】 （1） He had to leave his beloved basketball team _ _ _ _ account of his injured legs. （2） To narrate （叙述） is to give an account _ _ _ _ what happened or is happening. （3） I sincerely hope that you will consider my suggestions.I'm looking forward to hearing from you as soon as possible. →I sincerely hope that you will _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .I'm looking forward to hearing from you as soon as possible.［应用文写作之建议信］ [答案] （1） on （2） of （3） take my suggestions into account/consideration 表示“因为，由于”的短语还有because of、thanks to、 as a result of等。 8 graduate vi.& vt.毕业 n.毕业生 【经典例句】（教材P25）When Nels graduated from grammar school, he wanted to go on to high school. 当内尔斯从文法学校毕业后，他想继续读中学。 （1）graduate from 毕业于（……学校） graduate in毕业于（……专业） （2）graduation n.毕业；毕业典礼 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 （1） _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （graduate） was a challenge for her, but it also marked her growth and development. （2） As far as I know, he graduated _ _ _ _ physics from Cambridge University. （3） （北师大必修一U1）Zhang Tian graduated _ _ _ _ university and got a teacher's certificate last year. （4） 作为市场营销专业的应届毕业生，她渴望在实际环境中应用她的技能。 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ marketing, she is eager to apply her skills in a real-world setting. [答案] （1） Graduation （2） in （3） from （4） As a recent graduate in 9 volunteer vt.& vi.主动建议（或告诉）；自愿做，义务做 n.志愿者 【经典例句】 ①（教材P25）“I will work in Dillon's grocery after school，” Nels volunteered. “我放学后可以去狄龙的杂货店打工，”内尔斯自告奋勇道。 ②（北师大必修一U1）For that reason he applied, and became a volunteer teacher in a village school. 出于那个原因，他申请并成为一所乡村学校的志愿者教师。 （1）volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事 volunteer for sth.自愿承担某事 （2）a volunteer for/of...……的志愿者 （3）voluntary adj.志愿的;自愿的；主动的 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 （1） As soon as he entered the school，the freshman applied to be a volunteer _ _ _ _ _ _ the movement. （2） I do believe I am suitable for this _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （volunteer） work, because I have a good knowledge of English. （3） 几位职员自愿提前退休让位于年轻人。 Several staff members _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to give way to the young. [答案] （1） for/of （2） voluntary （3） volunteered for early retirement 10 figure n.数字；人物；体形，身材；图表；图形；轮廓;人影 v.认为，认定；计算 【经典例句】 ①Einstein was not only a genius; he was a courageous and kind figure loved by many people. 爱因斯坦不仅是一个天才，还是一个勇敢且善良的人，受到许多人的喜爱。 ②（外研必修一U1）But then I figured I'd better just go all out and see what happens. 但是当时我认为我应该全力以赴，看看会发生什么。 （1）keep one's figure 保持体形 （2）figure out计算出；想出；弄明白,理解 【语境辨义/完成句子】 （1） Lang Ping has contributed greatly to volleyball, which made her one of the most popular figures in China and the whole world._ _ _ _ （2） Knowing that you have some troubles keeping your figure，I am writing to give some advice._ _ _ _ （3） She works as an accountant （会计师） in a big company and deals with figures every day._ _ _ _ （4） It was pouring outside. So I figured that you couldn't come to my party._ _ _ _ （5） 我已经尽力了，但还是想不通，所以希望你能好心给我一些帮助。 I have gone all out，but still _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ， so hopefully you would be so kind as to give me some help.［应用文写作之求助信］ [答案] （1） 人物 （2） 体形 （3） 数字 （4） 认为 （5） can't figure it out 11 operation n.手术；运转，操作 【经典例句】 ①（教材P26）So many things came out of the Little Bank that year:Christine's dress for the school play, my little sister Dagmar's operation... 那一年，“小金库”应付了很多事：克里斯蒂娜参加学校演出的裙子、我小妹妹达格玛的手术…… ②He is recovering from an operation on his shoulder. 他肩膀动了手术，正在恢复中。 （1）perform an operation on...给……做手术 in operation在运行 come into operation投入运营 put...into operation实施……；使……运转；启用…… （2）operate v.运转；操作；动手术 operate on sb.给某人做手术 【单句语法填空/一句多译】 （1） The new factory is scheduled to come _ _ _ _ operation in May. （2） The boy rescued from the fire should be operated _ _ _ _ as soon as possible. （3） 他一被送到医院，医生就立刻给他做了手术。 →The doctor _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ as soon as he was sent to the hospital.（operation n.） →The doctor _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ as soon as he was sent to the hospital.（operate v.） [答案] （1） into （2） on （3） performed an operation on him；operated on him 12 response n.回复；反应，响应 【经典例句】 ①（教材P27）He waits for a response but doesn't get one. 他等待回复，但没有得到回复。 ②Not everyone acts the same in response to events, and that is why what annoys one person may or may not annoy another. 不是每个人对事情的反应都一样，那就是为什么让一个人生气的事情可能会让另一个人生气，也可能不会。 （1）in response to... 回答……；响应…… make no response没作回答 （2）respond v.回答；响应；作出反应 respond to...对……作出答复/回复 【单句语法填空/一句多译】 （1） These comments came in response _ _ _ _ specific questions often asked by local newsmen. （2） I knocked on the door but there was no _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （respond）. （3） 她没有回答我的问题，这使我非常生气。 →She _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , which made me very angry.（response n.） →She _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , which made me very angry.（respond v.） [答案] （1） to （2） response （3） made no response to my question；didn't respond to my question respond主要用作不及物动词，若后接宾语应借助介词to；作及物动词时，后接that从句。 13 “There's no point in doing sth.”意为“做某事是没有意义的。” 【经典例句】（教材P21）There's no point in comparing you with others all the time. 总是将你和别人比较是没有意义的。 There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问…… There is no need...没有必要…… There is no possibility...不可能…… There is no sense in doing...做……没有意义。 It is no wonder that...难怪…… 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 （1） There is no doubt _ _ _ _ he will be anxious about his future. （2） 就这件事和他争论是没有意义的，因为他从不听他人的意见。 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ about this matter, because he never listens to other people's opinions. （3） 没有必要担心他——他很镇静。 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ —he is so calm. （4） 他赢得了一等奖。难怪他那么高兴。 He has won the first prize. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ he is so happy. [答案] （1） that （2） There's no point in arguing with him （3） There is no need to worry about him （4） It is no wonder that 14 as if/though引导表语从句 【经典例句】 ①（教材P22）It seems as if my grades are the most important thing in her life. 好像我的成绩是她生活中最重要的事情。 ②（外研必修一U1）Hi, everybody. I'm very glad to be back. I feel as if high school was only yesterday! 嗨，大家好。很高兴能回到学校，我感觉好像高中（生活）就在昨天！ （1）as if/though意为“仿佛、好像”,常用在be、look、seem、sound、smell、feel等系动词之后引导表语从句； （2）as if/though还可以引导方式状语从句。如果as if/though所引导的从句表示的是真实的或是极有可能发生或存在的情况时,从句要用陈述语气；当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极不可能发生或存在的情况时,从句用虚拟语气。虚拟语气规则如下： ①与现在事实相反,从句谓语用一般过去时（be动词用were）； ②与过去事实相反,从句谓语用过去完成时（had done）； ③与将来事实相反,从句谓语用“would/could/might+do”。 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 （1） Wearing traditional Hanfu clothing will make you feel as if you _ _ _ _ （be） in ancient times! （2） It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （do） it? （3） 看起来你好像真的对中国文化感兴趣，因此我建议你申请北京大学，它是中国最好的大学之一。 It seems _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , so I recommend you to apply for Peking University, one of the best universities in China.［应用文写作之推荐信］ [答案] （1） were （2） had done （3） as if/though you are really interested in Chinese culture 15 “特殊疑问词+-ever”引导让步状语从句 【经典例句】 ①（教材P26）Whatever happened, we always knew we still had the Bank to depend upon. 无论发生什么,我们一直都知道,最后还有妈妈的银行账户这个靠山。 ②（外研必修一U4）Whatever our hobbies, the Internet can connect us with others who also enjoy doing them, even if they live on the other side of the world. 无论我们的爱好是什么,互联网总能把我们与那些喜爱做同样事情的人联系起来,即使那些人生活在世界的另一端。 （1）wherever、whenever、however、whoever、whichever、 whatever等引导让步状语从句，相当于“no matter+疑问词”； （2）whoever、 whichever、 whatever 等也可引导名词性从句，但是“no matter+疑问词”不能引导名词性从句。 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 （1） The gold medal will be awarded to _ _ _ _ _ _ wins the first place in the bicycle race. （2） _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ we have trouble with our studies， our teachers always help us with great patience. （3） 无论她如何努力维持友谊,她都无法摆脱失望。 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , she couldn't shake off her disappointment. （4） 无论未来发生什么,我仍能保持乐观,坚持不懈地追求自己的梦想。 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , I can still remain optimistic and strive for my own dream persistently. ［读后续写之主旨升华］ [答案] （1） whoever （2） Whenever （3） No matter how hard/However hard she tried to maintain friendship （4） Whatever/No matter what will happen in the future however或no matter how后接形容词或副词时顺序应该是：however或no matter how+adj./adv.+主语+谓语+其他。 课堂微练 即时检验 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．I wasn't able to hide my _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （eager） to learn more about the subject, but I was too afraid to ask questions in class. [答案]eagerness 2．Faced with fierce _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （press） in their careers, many people said it was difficult for them to achieve a balance between work and family. [答案]pressure 3．When reading an article, you should be able to figure _ _ _ _ the meaning of the unfamiliar words from the context. [答案]out 4．It is likely _ _ _ _ the famous scientist will offer me some advice. [答案]that 5．The old man looks as _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ he were angry, but actually he's just tired. [答案]if/though 6．It was some time before the door opened in _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （respond） to his ring. [答案]response 7．When the earthquake struck, hundreds of people volunteered _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （search） for survivors despite the danger. [答案]to search 8．It's a wonderful system, and he's just the man to put it _ _ _ _ operation. [答案]into Ⅱ.完成句子 1．我的老师和同学都很热情，让我觉得自己就像在家乡一样。（as if/though引导表语从句） My teachers and classmates are so enthusiastic that I feel _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . [答案]as if/though I were in my hometown 2．[（人教必修一WELCOME UNIT）]无论你想学什么，在制订计划之前确定你的目标是很重要的。（“特殊疑问词+-ever”引导让步状语从句） _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , it is important to decide on your goal before you make a plan. [答案]Whatever you want to learn 3．很可能那个人已经知道了全部真相。 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the man has known the whole truth. [答案]It is likely that 4．在紧急情况下抱怨是没有意义的。 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in case of emergency. [答案]There's no point in complaining 5．曾经有一段时间，每位老师都会在一周中的某一天花上一个小时对学生的每门功课进行测试。（when引导定语从句） _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ each teacher spent an hour, one day a week, testing students in every subject. [答案]There was a time when 课后巩固 多维提能 ［基础知识巩固练］ 维度一 词形转换和动词的形式变换 1．The young man knocked about the world before finding a job after _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （graduate）. [答案]graduation 2．The book, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （design） for young adults, turned out to be popular with the elderly. [答案]designed 3．I _ _ _ _ _ _ （figure） that you would need some reading materials, so I brought some books with me. [答案]figured 4．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （which） day you come， we'll be pleased to meet you. [答案]Whichever 5．The government has declared a state of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （emergent） following the earthquake. [答案]emergency 6．The fans _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （gather） in the hall were waiting for the young actor. [答案]gathering 维度二 固定用法和搭配 1．Playing against a strong basketball team puts us _ _ _ _ great pressure, but at the same time it also makes us eager to win. [答案]under 2．The little girl is eager _ _ _ _ that lovely new doll. [答案]for 3．What should we do if our money gives _ _ _ _ some day? [答案]out 4．She retired early _ _ _ _ account of ill health. [答案]on 5．He is very angry now, so we'd better leave him _ _ _ _ . [答案]alone 6．What will you do when you graduate _ _ _ _ that famous university? [答案]from 维度三 完成句子 1．我给他发了一封邮件，但是他没有回应。 I sent him an email, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . [答案]but he didn't make a response 2．撒谎无济于事，因为谎言总有一天会被人们识破。 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ; people always find out. [答案]There is no point in lying 3．他无论何时来中国，都会去参观长城。（“特殊疑问词+-ever”引导让步状语从句） _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , he goes to visit the Great Wall. [答案]Whenever he comes to China 4．为响应救济地震灾民的呼吁，数百万人慷慨相助。 Millions of people gave freely _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the victims of the earthquake. [答案]in response to the appeal for 5．她感觉自己好像跑了一场马拉松，双腿沉重，呼吸急促，尽管她昨天一整天都坐在办公桌前。 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ， her legs heavy and her breath short, even though she just sat at the desk yesterday. [答案]She felt as if she had run a marathon 维度四 融合教材·主题探究 【改编自外研选必二U1】 Lin Ning 19, Shanghai, China I celebrated my 18th birthday just before I went to university. I expected to feel instantly different, as if I had closed the door on my childhood and stepped into a whole new adult world. But it wasn't like that. When I woke up the next day, there were still rules to obey and lessons to attend. In fact, the change has been more subtle and gradual than I imagined. Instead of being the selfish teenager I used to be, I have begun to feel more aware of other people and to develop a stronger sense of social responsibility. To give an example, I will be signing an organ donation agreement this time tomorrow. This was a big decision for me. Of course I asked my parents for their approval first. Turning 18 also changed the way that society viewed me. I was really surprised when a bank contacted me with a credit card offer. Of course, I would like to have more freedom with money and no doubt I will be getting a credit card at some point, but I currently don't have a steady income, so getting a credit card might tempt me to spend more money than I have! Morgan 20, Florida, the US People say that 18 marks a new chapter in our lives, and that we should become more independent. I used to believe this, but the reality for me has been very different. I assumed I'd already have a well-paid job and that I'd be moving into a rented apartment as soon as I turned 18, but how wrong I was! My librarian's salary means that I'll be living at home with my parents for a while longer. Because I have to share the family expenses and my commute to work is quite expensive, I find that saving money is very hard. I'll be starting a new job next month, however, so maybe things will get easier. I know I could get a bank loan to pay the deposit on my very own apartment, but I don't feel ready to make that kind of commitment, and I do like my mom's cooking. I guess some responsibilities are more about attitude than age. 1．Why did Lin Ning celebrate his 18th birthday? A. Because he was admitted to his dream university on that day. B. Because he signed the organ donation agreement on that day. C. Because he thought he reached the adulthood on that day. D. Because he had a steady job to earn much money on that day. 2．In which aspect has the reality been very different from Morgan's expectation? A. Independence. B. Equality. C. Salary. D. Job. 3．What difficulties does Morgan have after he turned 18? A. He has no room to live. B. He has no ability to earn any money. C. He has no enough money to support himself. D. He has no time to contact with his parents. 4．Which is the best title for the passage? A. Eighteen—the Age of Indecision B. Teenagers' Hopes for the Future C. The Right to Vote Your Views D. Turning Eighteen—What Does It Mean? [答案] 1．C 2．A 3．C 4．D ［综合能力提升练］ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Dear Dad and Mom, The time has come—I'm graduating, and I thank you both for all your help during these 15 years. I still remember when you used to say, “You can be whatever you want.” I'm so glad you are my parents, especially when I hear kids say they don't get on well with theirs. I'm glad that you support me when I decide to do anything. You always try to help, and that's important to me. Dad, I remember when you first took me fishing. I loved going even though I never caught anything. I also remember when you would get angry with me. I realise you were only trying to show me the right way. When I cried, you would always be there to try to cheer me up. That's what I call a good, loving, caring Dad. Sometimes you and Mom don't agree with me, but you are there on my side in anything that I do, and that's why I love you both so much. Mom, I enjoy going out with you and having our happy time every Friday night, and I hope that will never change. I love telling you everything and the best part about you is that you listen. I'm glad we do a lot together. You love to have fun, and Dad does, too. You always give me your opinion and I listen. Thank you for bringing me up. There may be many frustrations and setbacks on the road to the future, but the thought of your support and help fills my heart with strength. Dear Mom and Dad, I love you and I love our family. I hope and believe that we will be happy all the time. Love always, Alison 1．What does Alison want to show to her parents through the letter? A. Thanks. B. Support. C. Help. D. Wishes. 2．In Alison's opinion, other kids of her age may_ _ _ _ their parents. A. have problems with B. get on well with C. like to talk to D. like to listen to 3．What makes Alison and her mom become good friends? A. Cheering up each other. B. Going out together. C. Encouraging each other. D. Listening to each other and having fun together. [答案] 1．A 2．A 3．D [解析] 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The time has come...during these 15 years.”可知，艾莉森写这封信是为了感谢她的父母。 2．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I'm so glad...don't get on well with theirs.”可知，在艾莉森看来，其他和她同龄的孩子可能和他们的父母之间存在问题。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Mom, I enjoy going out with you...I'm glad we do a lot together.”可知，艾莉森和她母亲成了好朋友，是因为她们互相倾听、一起玩。 【解题导语】 本文是一篇应用文。文章是一封艾莉森写给父母的感谢信，信中分别列出了她的母亲和父亲给予过她的帮助以及她对未来的期待。 [（2025·山东滕州月考）]B Growing up with movies such as High School Musical and Grease, which presented（展现） the ideal（理想的）high school friendships, we sometimes expect a perfect relationship. Indeed, some high school friendships can be real and simple; while still some high school students will meet a friend who causes trouble. With failed friendships come lessons and experiences learned for the future. You will know the influence after you leave high school. “I was always worried about what my friends thought about me. Sometimes my friends would make fun of what I wore or what I would do. I always tried to get along well with them, but I realised how happy I was once I stopped contacting （联系） them after high school,” said Elisha, Class of 2020. Most teens have not realised the big question when dealing with high school problems. In five years, will this still matter? It is hard looking at the big picture when the problems are in front of you, which is understandable. However, most teens need a moment to reflect （反思） and question if the problem matters in a long time. Briana, a high school teacher, said, “Now, I am in contact with two high school friends. I think the friendship experiences I had in high school shaped who I am because I learned to be open minded and befriend all kinds of people. I learned to see people for who they are, not what they wear or who they play with. I learned most of all how to be a good friend.” High school is a small part of your life, but it has a huge influence on who you will become and where you will go. Friendships and relationships help shape who you are, whether they are good or bad. Lessons are brought, and lessons are learned. 4．Why did the author mention the two movies in the first paragraph? A. To introduce the topic of the passage. B. To explain what a high school friendship is. C. To recommend these two movies to readers. D. To attract readers' attention to these two movies. 5．What did Elisha think of her “friends”? A. They made her unhappy. B. They cared about her behavior. C. They got along well with her. D. They were always worried about her. 6．Why did Briana think her friendship experiences shaped her? A. She learned to play with her friends. B. She learned to make different friends. C. She learned to shape her friends' minds. D. She learned to wear just like her friends. 7．What's the passage mainly about? A. Failed friendships made teens worried. B. Good friendships greatly influenced teens. C. High school friendships help to shape teens. D. Friendships are difficult for teens to deal with. [答案] 4．A 5．A 6．B 7．C [解析] 4．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Indeed, some high school friendships...know the influence after you leave high school.”以及下文对高中友谊的论述可推知，第一段提到这两部电影是为了引出本文的主题——高中的友谊塑造了青少年。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，伊莉莎认为她的“朋友”让她不开心。 6．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“I think the friendship experiences...befriend all kinds of people.”可知，布里安娜认为她的友谊塑造了她是因为她学会了与各种各样的人交朋友。 7．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中的“Indeed, some high school friendships...after you leave high school.”和最后一段内容可知，本文论述了高中的友谊能够帮助塑造青少年，无论好坏。 【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了高中的友谊会塑造青少年。 Ⅱ.完形填空 [（2025·天津南开高一期中）]Before I was born, my mom had worked as a nurse. However, she resigned （辞职） shortly after my birth to 1 me. After I turned 12, she 2 to work. She left at 5:45 am, which left me 3 for waking myself up, preparing breakfast and walking to take the 7:30 am bus. I 4 being left home alone in the mornings. On days when she didn't go to the 5 , she drove me both ways. Those were the 6 days. One day, as we walked down the sidewalk, I saw an elderly man 7 us. He broke into a wide smile, but I didn't 8 him. “Leigh! Leigh!” he called my mother's name. I looked at him and smiled, unsure of my role. “I hope you know how 9 you are!” he said after some small talk with Mom. I looked at him 10 since I had no idea what he was talking about. “You have the most wonderful, 11 and lovely mother,” he said. “When I was in hospital last month, she took good care of me. Actually, young lady, I shall never 12 her.” Right then, I 13 what it meant for my mom to be a 14 . She was caring for, serving and loving total 15 , often during the darkest times in their lives. She cared for them and me, too. 1．A. send for B. wait for C. care for D. seek for 2．A. refused B. returned C. planned D. agreed 3．A. ready B. anxious C. eager D. responsible 4．A. hated B. regretted C. enjoyed D. practiced 5．A. hospital B. school C. company D. bank 6．A. busiest B. longest C. happiest D. loneliest 7．A. judging B. approaching C. comforting D. dragging 8．A. reject B. spot C. admire D. recognize 9．A. lucky B. cute C. pretty D. sweet 10．A. calmly B. excitedly C. confusedly D. disappointedly 11．A. intelligent B. caring C. attractive D. outgoing 12．A. forgive B. leave C. cheat D. forget 13．A. doubted B. understood C. ignored D. wondered 14．A. doctor B. lady C. nurse D. helper 15．A. strangers B. friends C. colleagues D. adults [答案] 1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．C 11．B 12．D 13．B 14．C 15．A [解析] 1．根据文章最后一句“She cared for them and me, too.”可知，作者出生以后，妈妈辞职开始照顾（care for）作者。 2．根据下文“She left at 5:45 am...take the 7:30 am bus.”可知,妈妈重返（return）工作岗位。 3．根据下文“I   being left home alone in the mornings.”可知,作者独自被留下来,因此一切事情由作者负责（responsible）来做。 4．根据下文“being left home alone in the mornings...Those were the   days.”可知,作者讨厌（hate）独自一人在家起床。 5．根据上文“my mom had worked as a nurse”可知，妈妈以前是一名护士,因此妈妈工作的地点是医院（hospital）。 6．根据上文“On days when she...she drove me both ways.”可知,妈妈送作者上下学的时光是最幸福的（happiest）日子。 7．根据上文“as we walked down the sidewalk, I saw an elderly man...”可知,当我们走在人行道时，有一位老人向我们走来（approach）。 8．根据上文“He broke into a wide smile”可知,他朝着作者微笑，但作者不认识（recognize）他。 9．根据下文“‘You have the most wonderful，   and lovely mother,’ he said.”可知，这位老人说作者的妈妈是最好、最可爱的母亲,此处表达老人想说的是作者多么幸运（lucky）。 10．根据下文“I had no idea what he was talking about”可知,作者不知道老人在说什么,所以困惑地（confusedly）看着他。 11．根据下文“When I was in hospital last month, she took good care of me.”可知，老人在住院时,是作者妈妈照顾他的，此处指老人评价作者的妈妈非常体贴（caring）。 12．根据上文“‘Leigh! Leigh!’ he called my mother's name.”可知,老人从未忘记（forget）过作者的妈妈。 13．根据下文“She was caring for, serving and loving total... She cared for them and me, too.”可知,作者妈妈是在照顾、服务、关爱着完全陌生的人,所以作者理解（understand）了妈妈当护士（nurse）意味着什么。 14．参见上题解析。 15．根据句意可知，由于作者妈妈是一名护士,因此照顾的人都是陌生人（stranger）。 【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者的妈妈是一名护士,因为工作忙,妈妈不能常陪伴作者。对此作者感到不理解。有一天,作者和妈妈在街上遇到一位妈妈曾经照顾过的病人,他对作者的妈妈充满了感激,在那一刻作者终于理解了妈妈。 Ⅲ.语法填空 Heated debates and cold silences usually happen between parents and their children. It is common for teenagers 1.   （have） difficult relationships with their parents. Teenagers' physical and mental changes may result 2.   such family tensions （紧张）．You may feel anxious about your 3.   （high）， your weight， your changing voice or spots. You often fall into a dilemma （困境） between a new desire for independence 4.   a continued need for your parents' love and support. When it gets too much，your parents are often the first targets of your anger. It can be 5.   big headache to balance your developing mental needs too. It can be difficult when your parents expect you to act like an adult but still treat you like a child, 6.   may lead to a breakdown in your relationship. While sometimes it may seem impossible to get along as a family， you can take action to improve the situation. The key to 7.   （keep） the peace is regular and honest communication. It is completely normal to suffer from the stress that 8.   （cause） by parent-child tensions. 9.   （lucky）， this stormy period will not last. Everything 10.   （turn） out all right in the end， and the changes and challenges of your teenage years will prepare you for adulthood. [答案] 1．to have 2．in 3．height 4．and 5．a 6．which 7．keeping 8．is caused 9．Luckily 10．will turn [解析] 1．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为“It be+adj.+for sb. to do sth.”句型，It作形式主语，空处应用动词不定式作真正的主语。 2．考查介词。result in为固定短语，意为“导致”。 3．考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处被形容词物主代词your修饰，应用名词形式。 4．考查连词。“between...and...”意为“在……和……之间”，为固定搭配，应用连词and。 5．考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰后面的可数名词headache，此处表示泛指，意为“一个令人头疼的问题”且big的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 6．考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的整个句子，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导。 7．考查非谓语动词。空前的to是介词，空处应用动名词形式作宾语。 8．考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，本句含有that引导的定语从句，空处作从句谓语，描述客观状态，应用一般现在时，且主语the stress与cause之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。主语为the stress，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。 9．考查副词。空处修饰空后的句子，应用副词形式。单词位于句首，首字母应大写。 10．考查动词的时态。根据句中的in the end和will prepare可知，空处应用一般将来时。 【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了父母和青少年关系紧张的原因，并提出了解决办法。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $