Unit 2 Period 2 Grammar and usage-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册教用word（译林版）

本讲义聚焦简单句、并列句和主从复合句核心语法点，构建从基础到复杂的学习支架。先系统梳理简单句八种句式，再解析并列句的并列连词及“祈使句+and/or+一般将来时”特殊结构，最后详解主从复合句中状语从句（九类引导词）、定语从句（关系词功能）、名词性从句（三类引导词）的规则与用法。 资料以“感知经典例句+明悉语法规则”为特色，结合教材实例提升语言理解能力，通过课堂微练即时检验、课后分层巩固（基础单句填空与综合语篇应用）培养逻辑辨析的思维品质。课中助力教师系统授课，课后便于学生自主回顾语法规则、通过练习查漏补缺，有效提升语法应用与语言表达能力。

Period 2 Grammar and usage 简单句、并列句和主从复合句 要义详析 探究语法 一、简单句 感知经典 （1）（教材P19）The whole experience was really terrible. 整个经历真的可怕。 （2）Lucy and Lily like working there. 露西和莉莉都喜欢在那里工作。 （3）She opened the door and entered the room. 她打开门进入了房间。 （4）Li Hua and Wang Lin like drawing and often draw pictures for the wall newspapers. 李华和王林喜欢画画，他们经常为墙报画画。 明悉规则 简单句：只含有一个主谓结构的句子。简单句有八种句式结构： 1.主谓：主语+谓语 2.主系表：主语+连系动词+表语 3.主谓宾：主语+谓语+宾语 4.主谓宾宾：主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 5.主谓宾宾补：主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 6.主谓状：主语+谓语+状语 7.主谓宾状：主语+谓语+宾语+状语 8.存现句：表示事物存在、出现、消失 二、并列句 感知经典 （1）（教材P20）There is a lot to see, so take some time to look around our website! 有很多值得一看的东西，所以请花些时间浏览我们的网站！ （2）I offered her my programme， and she accepted it at last. 我给她提供了我的方案，她最终接受了。 （3）She looks very young， but she is already in her 50's. 她看上去很年轻，但她已经五十多岁了。 （4）You'd better take an umbrella， for it is going to rain. 你最好带把伞，因为要下雨了。 明悉规则 并列句由并列连词连接的两个或两个以上的简单句构成。常见的并列连词有and、but、yet、or、so、for、while等。 两种特殊的并列句： 1.“祈使句+and+一般将来时”意为“如果……就……”。 ＊Study hard， and you are sure to have a good result in the exam. =If you study hard， you are sure to have a good result in the exam. 如果你努力学习，就一定能在考试中取得好成绩。 2.“祈使句+or+一般将来时”意为“如果不……就……”。 ＊Be quick， or we'll be late for class. =If you are not quick， we'll be late for class. 快点，否则我们上课要迟到了。 三、主从复合句 感知经典 （1）（教材P20）If your problem is a new one, write a post about it. 如果你的问题是一个新问题，那就写一篇关于它的帖子。 （2）When I got home， my family were having dinner. 我到家的时候，全家正在吃晚饭。 （3）The car that/which I saw this morning is my teacher's. 我今天早上看到的那辆车是我老师的。 （4）He told me （that） he would go to college the next year. 他告诉我他明年上大学。 明悉规则 主从复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。主句为句子的主体部分；从句无法独立存在，可以充当句子的主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和同位语。 1.副词性从句 副词性从句就像副词，用来修饰谓语动词或整个句子。副词性从句又称为状语从句，通常由从属连词引导。状语从句根据表达意思分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较、方式等从句。 （1）时间状语从句的引导词有when、as、while、as soon as、before、after、since、till、until、every time、the moment等。 ＊He looked behind from time to time as he went. 他一边走，一边不时地往后看。 ＊I didn't leave until she came back. 直到她回来，我才离开。 ＊The moment I see him， I'll tell him about it. 我一看见他，就会告诉他这件事。 （2）地点状语从句的引导词有where、wherever等。 ＊Wuhan lies where the Yangtze River and the Han River meet. 武汉位于长江和汉江的交汇处。 （3）原因状语从句的引导词有because、since、as、now that等。 ＊Because he did not obey the rules， he was punished. 由于不遵守规章制度，他受到了处罚。 （4）目的状语从句的引导词有so that、in order that等。 ＊Let's take the front seats so that we may see more clearly. 让我们坐前排吧，这样我们可以看得更清楚。 ＊In order that everyone present might hear her clearly， she raised her voice again. 为了使在场的每个人都能听清楚，她再次提高了声音。 （5）结果状语从句的引导词有so that、so...that、such...that等。 ＊I didn't plan the work well， so that I didn't finish it on time. 我没把工作计划好，结果没有按时完成。 ＊He made so inspiring a speech that everybody got excited. 他发表了如此鼓舞人心的演讲，以至于大家都很激动。 ＊Jenny is such a clever girl that all of us like her very much. 珍妮是一个非常聪明的女孩，我们都非常喜欢她。 （6）条件状语从句的引导词有if、unless、as/so long as等。 ＊If you ask him for help， he will help you. 如果你向他求助，他会帮助你的。 ＊They will go shopping tomorrow unless it rains. 除非下雨，否则他们明天会去购物的。 ＊As/So long as we stick to it， we'll find a way to overcome the difficulty. 只要我们坚持下去，我们就能找到克服困难的方法。 （7）让步状语从句的引导词有though/although/while、even if/though、no matter what/how/where/...、whatever/however/ wherever/...等。 ＊Though/Although/While he is young， he is very steady. 尽管他很年轻，但他很稳重。 ＊We won't lose heart even if/though we fail ten times. 即使失败十次我们也不会灰心。 （8）比较状语从句的引导词有as（同级比较）、than（不同程度的比较）。 ＊The result was not as good as I had expected. 结果不如我预料的那么好。 ＊You need the money more than I do. 你比我更需要这笔钱。 （9）方式状语从句的引导词有as、as if/though。 ＊Please do as you are told. 请按照你被告知的去做。 ＊The boy plays the piano as if/though he has a natural ear for music. 这个男孩弹起钢琴来好像他天生就有音乐天赋。 2.形容词性从句 形容词性从句就像形容词，用来修饰名词或代词。形容词性从句又称为定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。引导定语从句的关系词既起连接作用，又在定语从句中充当成分。关系词分为关系代词（that、which、who、whom、whose）和关系副词（when、where、why）。 ＊The professor who/whom you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的那位教授已经来了。 ＊He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 他有一个爸爸当医生的朋友。 ＊The day when she helped me was one of my happiest. 她帮助我的那一天是我最快乐的日子之一。 ＊The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometers away from my home. 我曾在那里学习仅两年的学校离我家有三公里远。 3.名词性从句 名词性从句相当于名词，可作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句，且都不能用逗号与主句分开。名词性从句的引导词主要有三类： 引导词 作用 从属连词：that、whether、if、as if、because等 that无词义，也不在从句中作任何成分，有时可省略 whether、if、as if、because等有词义，但在从句中不作成分 连接代词：who、whose、whom、what、 which等 都有词义且在从句中作主语、表语、宾语、定语等成分 连接副词：when、where、why、how等 都有词义且在从句中作状语 ＊Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.（宾语从句） 没有人知道他是否会通过考试。 ＊When the plane is to take off has not been announced.（主语从句） 飞机何时起飞还没有宣布。 ＊This is because he missed the train.（表语从句） 这是因为他没赶上火车。 ＊Where Tim had put the files troubled Mary.（主语从句） 蒂姆把文件放在了哪里这事让玛丽很苦恼。 课堂微练 即时检验 Ⅰ.写出下列句子的类型 1．When I turned around， I saw the beggar by the road._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ [答案]主从复合句 2．It is interesting for her to talk with such a lovely child._ _ _ _ _ _ [答案]简单句 3．I got up late that morning， but I was not late for work._ _ _ _ _ _ [答案]并列句 4．She said that she would try her best to follow me._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ [答案]主从复合句 5．Do be careful while crossing the road， or you may be hit by a car._ _ _ _ _ _ [答案]并列句 6．As the child grew up， he forgot that incident gradually._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ [答案]主从复合句 7．When the sports meeting will be held has not been announced._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ [答案]主从复合句 8．What made her angry was that her son had failed the exam._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ [答案]主从复合句 9．He found it hard to work out those problems._ _ _ _ _ _ [答案]简单句 10．I don't like the film which was directed by that young man._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ [答案]主从复合句 Ⅱ.用适当的连词填空 1．Some of us let these dreams die, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ others protect them and take care of them through bad days until they bring them to the sunshine. [答案]while/but 2．I gave you a map _ _ _ _ you wouldn't get lost. [答案]so 3．Now you can have a rest _ _ _ _ you can go to the cinema. [答案]or 4．We may not be able to recall the things we have heard or seen, _ _ _ _ they are all kept there in the storehouse of the human mind. [答案]but 5．One Friday,we were packing to leave for a weekend away _ _ _ _ my daughter heard cries for help. [答案]when Ⅲ.语法与写作 1．她告诉我们，那些老人渴望得到关心。 She told us _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . [答案]that those old people were anxious for attention 2．只要你好好保管，你就可以用我的电脑。 You can use my computer _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . [答案]as long as you take good care of it 3．他正在散步，这时突然开始下起了大雨。 He was doing some walking _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . [答案]when it began to rain heavily 4．他的力气快用光了，所以他决定休息一下。 His strength was giving out， _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . [答案]so he decided to take a rest 5．我尽量让他冷静下来，但是不管用。 I tried to calm him down， _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . [答案]but it didn't work 课后巩固 多维提能 ［基础知识巩固练］ 维度一 单句语法填空 1．The theatre faces closure _ _ _ _ _ _ it gets an urgent cash. [答案]unless 2．It may rain tomorrow, _ _ _ _ _ _ we are going home in any case. [答案]but/so 3．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a little expensive, this book is highly recommended. [答案]Though/Although 4．On our way to the house, it was raining so hard _ _ _ _ we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get there. [答案]that 5．It is not a problem _ _ _ _ _ _ we can win the battle; it's just a matter of time. [答案]whether 6．_ _ _ _ you're interested in the Chinese folk art， please email me. [答案]If 7．Two weeks went by, _ _ _ _ our exchange activities ended. [答案]and 8．They decide to have more workers for the project so _ _ _ _ it won't be delayed. [答案]that 9．Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both， _ _ _ _ is not good for health. [答案]which 10．The small children don't know _ _ _ _ is in their stockings. [答案]what 11．We listened eagerly, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ he brought news of our families. [答案]for/because 12．The prices are going up _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the purchase ability of the people is declining. [答案]while/but 13．The man _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. [答案]who/that 14．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the sun was shining,it wasn't very warm. [答案]Though/Although/While 15．A dictionary is a book _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ gives the meanings of words. [答案]which/that 16．He was a little man with thick glasses, _ _ _ _ _ _ he had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting. [答案]but/yet 17．The teacher's name is Bob, _ _ _ _ the student's name is John. [答案]and 18．August is the time of the year for rice harvest, _ _ _ _ every day I work from dawn until dark. [答案]so 19．This is the place _ _ _ _ my brother was born. [答案]where 20．The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ they were at the Great Wall. [答案]when/while/as 维度二 选词填空（每词限用一次） Group 1: and， but， or， so， for 1．Come a little earlier next time， _ _ _ _ you'll miss the best part of the TV play． 2．Surfing the Internet is fun， _ _ _ _ it's also a time waster． 3．I'd like to go with you， _ _ _ _ I'm not busy． 4．A snake bit him _ _ _ _ he went to see a doctor at once． 5．I can't tell my cousin's appearance， _ _ _ _ I have never seen her． [答案] 1．or 2．but 3．and 4．so 5．for Group 2: that， who， whom， where， whose 1．The company _ _ _ _ his uncle works is the largest one in this city． 2．He is the artist _ _ _ _ paintings are known all over the world． 3．The thing _ _ _ _ you must do is to have a meal． 4．Didn't you see the man with _ _ _ _ I talked just now？ 5．Do you know the girl _ _ _ _ is crying？ [答案] 1．where 2．whose 3．that 4．whom 5．who 维度三 请用合适的连词或关系副词把每组句子合并为一个句子 1．He was tired. He went to bed． →_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ [答案]He was tired， so he went to bed. 2．The child hid behind his mother's skirt. He was afraid of the dog． →_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ [答案]The child hid behind his mother's skirt， for/because he was afraid of the dog. 3．I still remember the day. I first went to New York on that day． →_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ [答案]I still remember the day when I first went to New York. 4．He made a promise. He didn't keep it． →_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ [答案]He made a promise， but he didn't keep it. 5．She was late．He has found out the reason. →_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ [答案]He has found out the reason why she was late. 6．We'll go to the Great Wall. It's fine tomorrow． →_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ [答案]We'll go to the Great Wall if it's fine tomorrow. 7．He didn't come yesterday. He was ill． →_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ [答案]He didn't come yesterday, for/because he was ill. 维度四 语篇练习 Dear friends， It is common that some students would eat snacks instead of meals 1.   （当吃饭的时候）. Now I suggest 2.   （你们养成一个健康的饮食习惯）. For us students， eating healthy food is of great importance 3.   （因为我们需要足够的能量） to keep our body functioning well. You will be ill and unhealthy 4.   （除非你们经常吃健康的食物）. Let's have a healthy diet from now on. 5.   （只要你们听从我的建议）， you will grow up healthily and happily. [答案] 1．when it is mealtime 2．that you form a healthy eating habit 3．because we need enough energy 4．unless you eat healthy food regularly 5．As long as you follow my advice ［综合能力提升练］ Ⅰ.阅读理解 [（2025·福建厦门三中期中）]A Researchers from the University of Western Australia recently studied 3,000 middle and high school students. Among them were 618 teenagers with one parent who lived away from home for long periods of time because of work. The researchers wanted to know how the work of these “fly-in, fly-out” parents might impact the health of their children. A higher percentage of teenagers who experienced the long work absence of a parent had emotional（情感的） or behavioral problems compared with those whose parents worked more traditional hours. This supports earlier research finding high percentages of emotional problems in teenagers who often returned to an empty house after school or whose parents seldom had a chat with them. Findings also suggest that parents don't have to be home all the time to be present in their children's lives, but it obviously helps to be home at certain times. And the best parental presence for a teenager may sometimes be like a potted （盆栽的） plant. Many parents of teenagers have known this to be true and find ways to be present without trying to start a conversation. One friend of mine quietly does housework each evening in the sitting room where her teenagers watch TV. They enjoy each other's company without the need to talk. Another friend usually accepts his daughter's invitation to work or read nearby while she sits and does her homework. Perhaps, that, at least for some families, is the best way for teenagers and their parents to stay close. In fact, many years of research suggest that children use their parents as a safe base from which to explore the world. Studies tell us that young children quietly follow their parents' movements from room to room, even while going on with their own activities. Perhaps our teens, like babies, feel most at ease when their parents are still around. They don't want to stay away from parents who allow them freedom. A new school year is at hand, so as parents, we could offer our teenagers a “potted flower” as a gift, whose quiet and steady （稳定的） presence will give them a great day. 1．What did the study find about the 618 teens? A. They had more dinners with their parents. B. They were more prepared to help themselves. C. They showed more dislike for traditional working hours. D. They were more likely to have trouble with their feelings. 2．What is the author's attitude to her two friends' behavior? A. She doubts them. B. She supports them. C. She is worried about them. D. She cares little about them. 3．What does earlier research say about young kids according to paragraph 5? A. They want their parents' presence. B. They want their parents to be safe. C. They want more freedom from parents. D. They show more interest in new activities. 4．Which can be a suitable title for the passage? A. Teens Want Potted Plant Parents B. Your Kids Still Need Conversation C. Quiet Families Raise Healthier Teenagers D. Parents Know Little About Today's Teenagers [答案] 1．D 2．B 3．A 4．A [解析] 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Among them were 618 teenagers...work.”和第二段中的“A higher percentage of teenagers ... emotional or behavioral problems”可知,这些青少年更有可能在情感方面有问题。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Perhaps, that, at least for some families...to stay close.”可知,作者对两位朋友的行为是支持的。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“In fact, many years of...to explore the world.”和“Perhaps our teens... their parents are still around.”可知,早期的研究表明,年幼的孩子希望他们的父母在场。 4．标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是根据第三段中的“Findings also suggest that ... to be home at certain times.”可知,作者鼓励父母给青少年提供安静和稳定的陪伴,就如陪护式盆栽一般。因此，A项最适合作文章标题。 【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。研究发现,父母长时间不在身边的青少年有情绪或者行为问题的比例更高。 [（2025·绵阳高一检测）]B When I was a kid, my sister and I would fight all the time over nearly everything. But as we grew older, our bond strengthened by sharing secrets, offering advice and trading clothes. Having a sister by my side while growing up taught me many lessons about the unique bond. And now, thanks to an 8-year-long study that's making the rounds on the Internet again, science is confirming what I know is true. In the study, researchers discovered that having an older or younger sister can help ease the anxiety for kids between the ages of 10 and 14. They also found that people with sisters can learn how to make up and to have control over their emotions again, which are skills that undoubtedly serve children well. The revival of this study actually comes on the heels of another newer study, which shows that it's not just the older kids and parents who influence and shape children as they grow. It turns out that younger siblings （兄弟姐妹） do too, and what's more, they may also give their older siblings a greater chance of developing empathy （同情）. The Canadian study followed 452 pairs of siblings, all between a year-and-a-half and 4 years old. The researchers found that having a younger sibling increased the older sibling's level of empathy. This research confirms that sisters are pretty amazing in making the world a much lovely place. As the mom of two boys, I often wonder what kinds of lessons they will learn from their younger sister. Perhaps they will be the same lessons I learned from mine that cooler heads always win. This study gives me hope that all those endless arguments between my kids may actually be laying the groundwork for conflict settlement skills. 5．What can we learn from the study? A. Children under four develop empathy fastest. B. It is normal for siblings to quarrel. C. Having siblings is not always a headache. D. Having sisters is helpful to mental health. 6．What does the underlined word “revival” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Reappearance. B. Beginning. C. Result. D. Significance. 7．What can we learn about the author's children? A. They love their mom very much. B. They have a higher level of empathy. C. They often quarrel with one another. D. They have learned the same lessons as the author. 8．What's the main idea of the passage? A. Siblings have a unique bond. B. Siblings have something in common. C. Having siblings is good to children. D. Children having siblings are considerate. [答案] 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．C [解析] 5．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In the study, researchers discovered...that undoubtedly serve children well.”可知，此研究表明，有姐妹对解决情绪问题是有帮助的。 6．词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句并根据第二段中的“And now,thanks to an 8-year-long study ... what I know is true.”可知,这项研究再次在网上出现,所以画线词意为“再出现”，与A项意思相近。 7．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“This study gives me hope ...for conflict settlement skills.”可知,作者的孩子经常彼此争吵。 8．主旨大意题。通读全文可知,作者结合自己的亲身经历以及一项研究的结果告诉我们，有兄弟姐妹的孩子更有同情心,并且情绪控制能力会更好。 【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。作者结合自己的亲身经历以及一项研究的结果告诉我们,有兄弟姐妹的孩子更有同情心,并且情绪控制能力会更好。 [（2025·福建漳州高一期中联考）]C As a child I was one of the 125 people at our family get-together for New Year. These days we were a much smaller group in Belle Valley, Ohio. I insisted on acting as hostess and wanted to bring back the joy I'd felt at my childhood New Year that was filled with love. As family members arrived at the hall, I handed each one of them a numbered card and said, “Time for the alphabet （字母表） game.” “What kind of game is that？” one of my great-grandchildren asked. “Well,” I said, “who's got number one?” A cousin raised her hand. “Tell us something you never forget.” I said， “Something that begins with the letter A.” My cousin smiled. “Apple pie!” she said. Great-granddaughter Mindy was next, “B,” she said. “I am impressed by Buckeye Country.” “Cookies!” Number 3 shouted. Until Number 17, “The next one is a challenge,” I said. “Who's got 17?” Ryan, my son, slowly raised his hand, “Q,” he said. “Quebec.” The room went silent. “Grandma and Grandpa met there. That's where they fell in love. That's where this whole thing started. This whole family,” Ryan looked around the room,making eye contact with everyone. “We wouldn't be here celebrating New Year together if it wasn't for Quebec.” The room burst into laughter and was full of love. “This is the best New Year we've ever had,” a great-grandson said to me secretly. Whatever their New Year would look like when they grew up, they'd remember this one. And for me, I had an unforgettable New Year to treasure（珍藏）—a memory where love started with the letter Q. 9．Why did the author organize the alphabet game? A. To enjoy the family gathering. B. To bring joy and love to the children. C. To share moving stories with family. D. To experience long-lost New Year happiness. 10．What do we know about the game? A. It is related to guessing. B. It is one of Ohio's traditional games. C. It is mainly about numbers and letters. D. It describes the history of some words. 11．Why did Ryan's story get family members' laughter? A. It reminded them of a tradition. B. It was related to their family history. C. They knew their grandparents better. D. They understood the meaning of play. 12．Which can be a suitable title for the passage? A. A Letter Full of Love B. A Celebration of New Year C. A Family Custom at New Year D. A Love Story About Quebec [答案] 9．D 10．C 11．B 12．A [解析] 9．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I insisted on ... that was filled with love.”可知,作者组织这个字母游戏是为了体验久违的新年快乐。 10．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“‘What kind of game is that?’...Number 3 shouted”可知,这是一个关于数字和字母的游戏。 11．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Grandma and Grandpa met there ... This whole family”可推知,瑞安的故事会让家人发笑是因为这与他们的家族史有关。 12．标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段内容可知,文章主要讲述的是作者组织一家人一起玩字母表游戏,来找回儿时过新年的快乐的事情。A项最适合作文章标题。 【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者组织一家人一起玩字母表游戏,来找回儿时过新年的快乐的故事。 Ⅱ.七选五 Teenage years are one of the most exciting yet confusing stages in a person's life. You are no longer a child, yet not quite an adult.1.   One of them is your pastime. Some pastimes have no moral （道德的） implications. For example, shall we play basketball or soccer? 2.   Some examples include attending a party where there will be alcohol and drugs freely given out, lying to your parents or even skipping school to watch a movie with some friends. How do you respond? Will you follow them? Wanting to feel part of a group may force you to do things against your better judgement. However, it is okay to say no to anything that is illegal, or potentially causes harm or is hurtful to you or others. 3.   But you do not let that stop you from standing up to peer pressure and being true to yourself. If your friends are true friends, they will respect your decision and not force you to join them. There are some steps you may take to keep away from negative peer pressure. Firstly, stay away from friends who force you to do things that you know are wrong. Instead, spend more time with friends who share the same value as you. 4.   And if a situation gets out of hand, do not hesitate to approach an adult you trust for help. It may not always be easy to resist peer pressure, but do know that you will feel good about yourself later. And even without you realizing it, you may have been a catalyst （催化剂） in your group to bring about a positive change.5.   A.This is when you form a new habit of making friends. B.Next, be true to yourself and stick to what you believe in. C.You are at a time of exploration, trying to find out your preferences. D.These peers no longer have the ability to develop their own personality. E.You may be afraid to refuse for fear of losing friends or being laughed at. F.However, there are other choices that need to be made based on your values in life. G.Others in your group may just follow your lead and gain courage to do the right thing. [答案] 1．C 2．F 3．E 4．B 5．G [解析] 1．上文提到青少年时期是最令人困惑的阶段之一，且下文提到了消遣，故空处旨在说明这一阶段的特点：一个探索的时期，试图找出自己的喜好。 2．上文提到了不涉及道德判断的消遣，下文则提到了关于道德判断的例子，故空处应与上文形成转折，点出有些消遣涉及道德判断。 3．上文提到想要融入群体可能会迫使你做一些违背自己正确判断的事情，再根据空后的But可知，空处应承接上文，且与下文表达的意思相反，由此可推知,空处应说明因为害怕失去朋友或被嘲笑，而不敢拒绝对方。 4．根据上下文可知，上文提到的是第一点远离消极同辈压力的措施，空处应说明第二点措施。 5．根据上文“you may have been a catalyst in your group to bring about a positive change”可知，你可能已经成为团队中的催化剂，带来了积极的改变，这说明你在带领这个团队，其他人可能会跟随你积极的领导。 【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了青少年时期的一些特点以及远离消极同辈压力的方法。 Ⅲ.语法填空 [（2025·四川成都七中期中）]Every generation in a family has a role to play. Parents and other adults are responsible for ensuring that the basic needs of the family 1.   （meet）. Their jobs also include teaching and practicing good health habits. They have a responsibility to be a model of good communication 2.   other health skills. They also should encourage young people in the family 3.   （practice） these skills. Not all responsibilities in the family fall on parents or other adults. Children's responsibilities shouldn't be ignored. In many 4.   （family）, for example, children share the household chores. Another way to contribute to the 5.   （warm） and happiness of your family is by showing appreciation. Showing appreciation 6.   （mean） valuing someone or something. Saying “thank you” to the person 7.   cooks dinner, for example, is a good way to do that. You could also help prepare the dishes, carry groceries, or 8.   （voluntary） do other tasks. As a teen, your role may also include helping other family members. You may help your grandparents when they have trouble 9.   （get） around, or help a brother or sister 10.   homework. However you choose to help, it's important to realise that your support helps make your family healthy. [答案] 1．are met 2．and 3．to practice 4．families 5．warmth 6．means 7．who/that 8．voluntarily 9．getting 10．with [解析] 1．考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,空处在that引导的宾语从句中作谓语,联系上下文并结合语境可知,此处陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时,且动词meet与主语the basic needs之间为被动关系,应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语为复数形式，be动词用are。 2．考查连词。分析句子结构可知，空前good communication与空后other health skills之间为并列关系,共同作of的宾语,应用并列连词and。 3．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用动词不定式形式作宾语补足语，encourage sb. to do sth.意为“鼓励某人做某事”,为固定搭配。 4．考查名词复数。根据空前的限定词many可知,空处应用名词复数形式。 5．考查名词。空处与空后的名词happiness并列,应用名词形式。 6．考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时；句子主语为动名词短语,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。 7．考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the person,且在从句中作主语，指人,应用关系代词who或that。 8．考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰动词，应用副词，作状语。 9．考查非谓语动词。have trouble （in） doing sth.意为“做某事有困难”,为固定搭配。 10．考查介词。help sb. with sth.意为“帮助某人处理某事”,为固定搭配。 【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了每个家庭成员都应在家庭中承担力所能及的责任和义务。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $