UNIT 4 HUMOUR Section Ⅲ Grammar(1)-【正禾一本通】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修2同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（北师大版）

UNIT 4　 HUMOUR 主题语境：人与自我——人生态度 Section Ⅲ Grammar(1) 进行时态 内容索引 初识语法　品语篇 1 精研语法　巧点拨 2 课时测评 3 初识语法　品语篇 返回 语法串烧 Boys and girls！Today I will be speaking① to you about drones(无人机). During the last few years，scientists have been developing② many kinds of drones，which have already been used for all kinds of fields，such as photography，scientific research and military operations. At the moment，delivery drones that are mainly used for military action and disaster relief are the most popular.Just before the 20th century，most people had been using ③ trains and boats for long traveling.But now we can assume that with improved technology in passenger drones，we will be entering④ the age of personal flying vehicles. 我的发现 返回 句中黑体部分在时态上均属进行时态，其中句①④是将来进行时态，其构成是____________；句②是现在完成进行时态，其构成是_____________ ______；句③是过去完成进行时态，其构成是______________ 。 will be doing have/has been had been doing doing 精研语法　巧点拨 返回 　 考点1　现在完成进行时 1．构成：have/has＋been＋动词-ing形式 2．用法 (1)表示动作或状态从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在，将来还可能延续下去，强调动作的延续性。这种时态常和all the time，this week，this month，all day，all the morning，these days，recently等时间状语连用，还常与since和for构成的时间状语连用。 The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts will be rewarded with success in the end. 学生们一直在努力学习功课，他们的努力最终将会获得成功的回报。 (2)表示从过去某时开始到现在这一段时间内动作一再重复发生。 He has been writing articles to the newspapers and magazines since he became a teacher. 自任教以来，他一直在为报刊和杂志撰稿。 (3)表示动作刚刚结束，该动作一般不再继续，有时会指出结果。 I have been playing ping-pong all morning，so I’m sweating. 整个上午我一直在打乒乓球，所以我浑身是汗。 (4)表示某种感情色彩。 You know，you really have been making things terribly difficult for him. 你要知道，你真是太为难他了。 3．现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别 　　区别 时态　　 基本语法功能 动作的反复 感情色彩 现在完成进行时 强调动作的持续性 可表示动作的反复 可表示强烈的感情色彩 现在完成时 强调动作对现在的影响或产生的结果 不表示动作的反复 一般平铺直叙，不含有感情色彩 巧学活用1——单句语法填空 1．She ________________ (sneeze) constantly these days. She might have caught a cold and should go to the hospital. 2．He ________________ (paint) landscapes since he retired. He finds it a great way to spend his free time. 3．A lot of tourists ________________ (visit) this ancient town without knowing its full history for years. 4．His friends all look worried. Maybe they __________ (hear) some bad news about him. has been sneezing has been painting have been visiting have heard 　 考点2　过去完成进行时 1．构成：had＋been＋动词­ing形式 2．用法 表示动作在过去某一时间之前开始，到过去某一时间仍在进行或刚刚结束。和过去完成时一样，过去完成进行时也必须以过去的时间为前提。上下文清楚时，可省略时间状语。 They had only been waiting for the bus a few moments when it came. 他们只等了一会儿，公交车就来了。 3．过去完成进行时与过去完成时的区别 过去完成时通常表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已完成的动作或状态；过去完成进行时表示从过去某一时间开始持续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。 She had cleaned the office，so it was very tidy. 她已经打扫过办公室了，所以很整洁。(强调结果) She had been cleaning the office，so we had to wait outside. 她一直在打扫办公室，所以我们不得不在外面等着。(强调动作一直在进行) 巧学活用2——补全句子 1．The teacher told us that he _______________________ (一直教英语) since he came here. 2．He ______________________ (一直在做研究) in the US for many years，but when he came back，he became a businessman. 3．I _______________ (一直在等) here for an hour before she called on me. 4．He ___________________ (完成了这份报告) before I came back. had been teaching English had been doing research had been waiting had finished the report 　 考点3　将来进行时 1．构成：will/shall be＋动词­ing形式 2．用法 (1)表示将来某一时间段内或某一时刻正在进行的动作或存在的状态。常与表示将来的时间状语连用。 Don't phone me between 8：00 and 9：00 tomorrow.I'll be having classes then. 明天8点到9点之间不要给我打电话，那时我正在上课。 (2)表示已经安排好将来某一时间段内或某一时刻要发生的动作。 Tom will be seeing his friend off at the airport at 6 o'clock this afternoon. 汤姆今天下午六点将在机场为他的朋友送行。 (3)用于询问别人的计划、打算，这比用一般将来时显得更礼貌；也可用于表示语气较缓和的命令。 Will you be staying here long? 你会长时间待在这儿吗？ If you will be needing me for help，please let me know. 如果你需要我的帮助，请告诉我。 3．将来进行时与一般将来时的区别 将来进行时表示将来某一时刻正在进行的动作；而一般将来时表示将来要做的事，不表示动作正在进行。 I will be reading a book at 10：00 tomorrow morning. 明天上午10点我将正在看书。 It is a terribly heavy box.Don't worry.I'll help you to carry it. 这是一个很重的箱子。别担心，让我来帮你搬它。 巧学活用3——单句语法填空 1．It ______________ (snow) all night tomorrow, so we'd better stay indoors and keep warm. 2．This game is so fascinating that I ______________(play) it at the same time next week! 3．Mr. Li ____________ (stay) with his relatives when he travels to Shanghai. 4．You _________(relax) better if you listen to some soft music before going to bed. will be snowing will be playing will be staying will relax 知识网络 返回 课时测评 返回 维度一　单句语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) 1．I _____________(wait)for you at the airport at 8 pm tomorrow. 2．I _____________ (lie) to myself，pretending that everything was fine. 3．He ________________(work) on the project for two years before it was finally completed. 4．By this time next month，we ___________(lie) on the beach sunbathing. 5．She _______________(run)every morning for the past month. 6．It is about strengthening my time management in study，to which I ________________ (stick) for about a month. 语境基础练 will be waiting 　 had been lying had been working　 will be lying has been running have been sticking 7．Since my early age，I _________________ (admire) tour guides who travel worldwide. 8．With a rapid spread of the virus，schools _________________________ (take) various preventive measures. 9．There are many good qualities that _______________(pass) from generation to generation in my family. 10．Seeing this，I couldn't help wondering how she ______________ (go) to great lengths to give such a fantastic performance. have been admiring　 have been taking/have taken have been passed　 had been going 维度二　语法与写作(每小题2分，共10分) 1．自我对绘画感兴趣以来，我一直在利用业余时间练习。 I __________________ in my spare time since I became interested in painting. 2．我们已经通过邮件交流数月了，然而我从未与他在电话中交谈过。 We ______________________________ by email for months，but I've never actually talked to him on the phone. 3．很抱歉今晚我不能和你去看电影，因为那时我要代表学校参加一场演讲比赛。 I am sorry for being unable to go to the movies with you tonight because I _________________________________ on behalf of the school at that time. have been practicing have communicated with each other will be participating in a speech contest 4．你在这个项目上工作已经三个月了，在这期间你一定取得了不少进展。 You_____________________________ for three months, during which you must have made a lot of progress. 5．焦急的乘客们已经耐心地等了三个小时，他们要等到航班起飞。 The anxious passengers ______________________________________， and they would wait till the flight took off. have been working on this project had been waiting with patience for three hours 维度三　语法与语篇(每小题1分，共5分) 用所给词的正确形式完成语段 The studious students 1．__________(arrive) at the library before it opened. They 2．_______________(wait) outside for 30 minutes before they could enter. Now they 3．___________(study) attentively and they 4．________________ (work) on their research projects for 3 hours already. They hope they 5．_____________ (make) significant progress in their studies by the end of the semester. had arrived had been waiting are studying will be making have been working Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题5分，共35分) A (2025·广东高二检测) The British are known for their sense of humour. However， it is often difficult for foreigners to understand their jokes. The main point to remember is that the British often use understatement. Understatement means saying less than you think or feel. For example， if someone gets very wet in a shower of rain， he might say， “It’s a little damp (潮湿的) outside.” Or， if someone is very impolite and shouts at another person， someone else might say， “She isn’t exactly friendly.” Understatement is often used in an annoying situation or to make another person look silly. Understatement plays an important part in British humour. 素能提升练 Another key to understanding British humour is that the British like to make fun of themselves as well as others. They often laugh about the silly things that happen to our everyday life when someone falls over in the street. They also like to make jokes of people from different classes of society. They like to make jokes about their accents (口音)， the way they dress and the way they behave. What’s more， the British love to watch comedies (喜剧) about people who do not know how to behave in society. The famous Mr Bean is a good example of this kind of humour. Mr Bean is the role played by British actor Rowan Atkinson in 1990. Mr Bean doesn’t talk often， and instead he uses his body movement and facial expressions to make people laugh. Perhaps what makes Mr Bean so funny is that he does things that adults in the real world wouldn’t do. Mr Bean is popular in many countries round the world because you do not have to speak English to understand the humour. As a result， British sense of humour has become well known to many people. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了理解英国人幽默的关键点是轻描淡写和喜欢开自己和他人的玩笑。 1．Why is it difficult for foreigners to understand British jokes？ A．British jokes cover too many cultures. B．Foreigners cannot speak English fluently. C．The British seldom fully express how they really feel. D．British jokes are not as funny as those in other countries. √ 细节理解题。根据第一段“However， it is often difficult for foreigners to understand their jokes. The main point to remember is that the British often use understatement.”和第二段中的“Understatement means saying less than you think or feel.”可知，外国人很难理解英国的笑话是因为英国人经常使用轻描淡写(即说得比你想的或感觉的要少)，说明英国人很少充分表达他们的真实感受。故选C。 2．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about？ A．Humour in British daily life . B．The kinds of British humour. C．Explanation of understatement. D．The purpose of understatement. √ 段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，第二段的主要内容是轻描淡写的解释。故选C。 3．How does Mr Bean make people laugh？ A．By telling funny stories. B．By making fun of himself. C．By copying others’ behaviour. D．By using body movements and facial expressions. √ 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Mr Bean doesn’t talk often， and instead he uses his body movement and facial expressions to make people laugh.”可知，憨豆先生通过身体动作和面部表情让人发笑。故选D。 4．What can be the best title for the text？ A．Humour Across Cultures B．Developing a Sense of Humour C．British Humour in Comedies D．Understanding British Humour √ 标题归纳题。根据第一段“The British are known for their sense of humour. However， it is often difficult ...use understatement.”并结合全文内容可知，本文介绍了理解英国人幽默的关键点是轻描淡写和英国人喜欢取笑自己，也喜欢取笑别人，旨在帮助读者更好地了解英国人的幽默。故D项“了解英国幽默”为文章最佳标题。故选D。 B (2025·河南驻马店高二联考) Telling jokes requires intelligence，creativity，imagination and the ability to tell a story，while listening to jokes is more passive behaviour but one that demands attention，intelligence and being in the right mood in order to enjoy jokes.Besides，there are also clear similarities between joke tellers and appreciators.A new study takes this further and tries to find other connections between creating humour and appreciating humour. The author carried on the cartoon caption (字幕) task.159 participants were shown more than 30 cartoons without captions and were asked to come up with a funny caption for each one of them.Later，independent judges classified those captions based on how funny they were. The results showed that those who produced the funniest captions also produced more captions overall.What was more interesting was that creating funny captions was negatively related to appreciation of humour.In other words，funny people tend to find jokes less funny than other people do.It is not clear why this is the case，but it might be because creators of great humour have higher standards of humour creativity and expect higher levels of creativity from people who tell jokes，compared to those who are not so good at creating humour. Moreover，outgoing people and those who are open to new experiences found the cartoons funnier，but surprisingly，outgoing people are less likely to be funny.This is consistent with my own research that comedians were more introverted than the general population.They usually don’t like to express themselves in social situations. Appreciation and production of humour are two different cognitive (认知的) tasks，each with unique characteristics.This is why when someone tells you he or she has a great sense of humour，you may ask，“Are you good at telling jokes or do you tend to laugh more？” 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了讲笑话的人和欣赏笑话的人的共同之处是聪明才智，一项新的研究对此进行了进一步研究，并试图找到创造幽默和欣赏幽默之间的其他联系。文章解释了研究开展的过程以及研究的发现。 5．What qualities do joke tellers and appreciators have in common？ A．Attention. B． Creativity. C．Imagination. D．Intelligence. √ 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Telling jokes requires intelligence...in the right mood in order to enjoy jokes.”可知，讲笑话的人和欣赏笑话的人的共同之处是聪明才智。故选D。 6．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about？ A．The results of the study. B．The process of the study. C．The judgement of the study. D．The importance of the study. √ 段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，第二段的主要内容是研究的过程。故选B。 7．According to the text，outgoing people_____. A．are good at appreciating humour B．are more likely to be comedians C．are more likely to be funny D．are unwilling to express themselves in social situations √ 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Moreover，outgoing people and those...are less likely to be funny.”可推知，外向的人善于欣赏幽默。故选A。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2分，共10分) (2025·山东枣庄高二阶段练习) If you think your life is too boring to be funny， the joke’s on you: Humor is all around us. Creating more humor in your everyday life is “one of the fastest and most powerful ways to increase overall health and wellbeing，” says Steven M. Sultanoff， a clinical psychologist. 1 ． Figure out what makes you laugh. Think about what kind of humor appeals to you most， then seek it out as often as possible. Go to comedy shows， spend more time with people who make you laugh， and watch a funny movie. 2 ： Create a folder on Instagram where you can save the most amusing videos， and then return to them when you need to. Identify at least one funny thing a day. 3 ， so set a daily intention to look for humor. When you wake up in the morning， say，“I’m going to find one thing today that I can at least smile about.” You’ll likely find the funny in unexpected places. 4 ． Next time you feel down， consider this instruction from Sultanoff. “Tell me about three times you laughed so hard you fell down.” Visualizing a favorite funny moment is like a form of meditation (冥想). You can do it anywhere， and it’s almost guaranteed to boost your mood. Train yourself to be quick-witted (机灵的). Sultanoff issued a challenge in his psychotherapy (心理疗法) practice: If a man could go back to his awkward moments， what might he say？ The funnier， the better. Sultanoff was always delighted by what his clients came up with. It’s an easy exercise to repeat after uncomfortable experiences. 5 ． A．Take a comedy class B．Social media can also be useful C．Relive your favorite funny moment D．We’re often unaware of what’s in front of us until we start looking for it E．Below are what Sultanoff suggests about his favorite ways to lighten up everyday life F．Many of us love to make others laugh， and doing so doesn’t require great comedic skill G．Brainstorm witty remarks and you’ll train yourself to be able to use them when awkwardness happens 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何让自己变幽默的方法。 If you think your life is too boring to be funny， the joke’s on you: Humor is all around us. Creating more humor in your everyday life is “one of the fastest and most powerful ways to increase overall health and wellbeing，” says Steven M. Sultanoff，a clinical psychologist. ___________ _______________________________________________________________. 根据空前“Creating more humor in your everyday life ...a clinical psychologist.”和下文分段给出的建议内容可知，空处应承上启下，引出下文关于提升幽默感的方法，E项“以下是Sultanoff对他最喜欢的让日常生活变轻松的方法的建议”符合语境。故选E。 E．Below are what Sultanoff suggests about his favorite ways to lighten up everyday life Figure out what makes you laugh. Think about what kind of humor appeals to you most， then seek it out as often as possible. Go to comedy shows， spend more time with people who make you laugh， and watch a funny movie. ___________________________ ______ ： Create a folder on Instagram where you can save the most amusing videos， and then return to them when you need to. 根据空前“Go to comedy shows， spend more time with people who make you laugh， and watch a funny movie.”和空后“Create a folder on Instagram where you can save the most amusing videos， and then return to them when you need to.”可知，空处应介绍利用社交媒体这种方式，B项“社交媒体也很有用”符合语境。故选B。 B．Social media can also be useful Identify at least one funny thing a day. _________________________________________________________________ ， so set a daily intention to look for humor. When you wake up in the morning， say， “I’m going to find one thing today that I can at least smile about.” You’ll likely find the funny in unexpected places. 根据空后“so set a daily intention to look for humor”可知，前后之间是因果关系，空处应讲述我们在寻找幽默的时候才会发现幽默的事情，D项“在我们开始寻找之前，我们往往意识不到眼前的东西”符合语境，选项中的looking for it照应空后的look for humor。故选D。 D．We’re often unaware of what’s in front of us until we start looking for it _________________________________ ． Next time you feel down， consider this instruction from Sultanoff. “Tell me about three times you laughed so hard you fell down.” Visualizing a favorite funny moment is like a form of meditation (冥想). You can do it anywhere， and it’s almost guaranteed to boost your mood. 空处是本段小标题。根据下文中的“Visualizing a favorite funny moment is like a form of meditation (冥想).”可知，本段主要建议回忆你最喜欢的有趣时刻，C项“重温你最喜欢的有趣时刻”符合语境。故选C。 C．Relive your favorite funny moment Train yourself to be quick-witted (机灵的). Sultanoff issued a challenge in his psychotherapy (心理疗法) practice: If a man could go back to his awkward moments， what might he say？ The funnier， the better. Sultanoff was always delighted by what his clients came up with. It’s an easy exercise to repeat after uncomfortable experiences. ___________________________ _______________________________________________________________ ． 根据本段小标题 Train yourself to be quick-witted (机灵的).和空前的“It’s an easy exercise to repeat after uncomfortable experiences.”可知，空处应讲述训练自己在尴尬发生时可以快速说出幽默的话，G项“头脑风暴出妙趣横生的评语，当尴尬发生时，你会训练自己能够使用它们”符合语境。故选G。 G．Brainstorm witty remarks and you’ll train yourself to be able to use them when awkwardness happens Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题2分，共30分) (2025·湖北省沙市中学高二质检) It was a cool October evening.Excitement and family members filled the hall.I was only a 7-year-old girl，but I was the center of 1 ．Finally，after weeks of preparation，I would 2 all my hard work in a dance of performance.Everything would be 3 — so I thought.I waited backstage all 4 in my black tights with a golden belt.In a loud and clear voice，the master of ceremonies announced that my class was next. My dance class was doing a routine on wooden boxes two feet by two feet，facing the 5 ．All I had to do in the next move was put one foot on the box next to mine and keep my other foot on my box.It really was a(n) 6 move.I was concentrating so much keeping the huge smile on my face and holding my head up that I did not look where I was going.I missed my partner’s box altogether and 7 ．There I was standing on the stage floor when my classmates were on top of their boxes.I could hear giggles coming from the audience，and I felt the 8 rush to my face.I remembered my dance teacher had told us，“If you make a mistake，keep smiling so the audience will not 9 ．” I did my best to follow her 10 as I continued with the routine. When the curtain dropped，so did my 11 for the evening. I 12 bitterly，tasting the salt from the tears that streamed down my face.I ran backstage，but no one could calm me down. Recently I realized I had been a 13 that night.I was 14 ，but I fought the urge to run off the stage. 15 ，I finished the routine with a smile on my face.Now when friends and family laugh about the time I slipped during a dance performance，I can laugh too. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者7岁时的一次演出，在舞台上因为失误而滑倒，但是采用老师的建议，面带微笑，继续把动作完成的故事。 1．A．pressure　　　　　 B．impression C．debate D．attention 2．A．take over B． show off C．look after D．give up √ 根据后文“Finally，after weeks of preparation，I would _____ all my hard work in a dance of performance.”可知，作者将要进行舞蹈表演，所以成为众人关注的焦点。故选D。 √ 根据后文“in a dance of performance”可知，作者要展示自己的努力成果。故选B。 3．A．reasonable B． suitable C．obvious D．perfect 4．A．dressed up B． folded up C．covered up D．mixed up √ 根据前文“Finally，after weeks of preparation，I would all my hard work in a dance of performance.”可知，作者经过认真准备，和刻苦练习，相信表演会很完美。故选D。 √ 根据后文“in my black tights with a golden belt”可知，此处指作者的穿着打扮。故选A。 5．A．music B． audience C．curtain D．stage 6．A．easy B． active C．adventurous D．extra √ 根据常识以及前文facing可知，作者的演出要面向观众。故选B。 √ 根据常识和前文“All I had to do in the next move was put one foot on the box next to mine and keep my other foot on my box.”并结合选项可知，作者认为这是个很容易的动作。故选A。 7．A．wandered B． slipped C．waved D．skipped √ 根据语境和前文“I missed my partner’s box altogether”及后文“I could hear giggles coming from the audience”和“I slipped during a dance performance”并结合选项可知，作者应该是失误了——滑倒了。故选B。 8．A．blood B． pleasure C．pride D．tear √ 根据前文“I could hear giggles coming from the audience”可知，作者认为自己的失误引起了观众的嘲笑，紧张而羞愧，所以感到血液涌向脸上。故选A。 9．A．leave B． cheer C．believe D．notice 10．A．gesture B． example C．advice D．plan √ 根据语境以及前文“If you make a mistake，keep smiling so the audience”可知，老师的意思是，如果失误后仍能保持微笑，继续演出，这样观众就会忽视失误，不会注意到失误。故选D。 √ 根据前文“If you make a mistake，keep smiling so the audience will not _____.”可知，前文叙述了老师的建议，此处指作者听从老师的建议，继续演出。故选C。 11．A．doubts B． hopes C．voice D．patience 12．A．argued B． shouted C．begged D．sobbed √ 根据上文可知，作者在舞台上失误滑倒了，根据后文“I _____bitterly，tasting the salt from the tears that streamed down my face.”可知，作者认为自己失败了，所以原来对演出所抱的希望破灭了。故选B。 √ 根据后文“tasting the salt from the tears that streamed down my face”可知，作者在哭泣。故选D。 13．A．star B． pioneer C．loser D．fool √ 根据后文“I was _____，but I fought the urge to run off the stage. _____ ，I finished the routine with a smile on my face.”可知，作者没有逃离舞台，并且带着微笑完成了舞蹈动作，这也是表演成功，所以后来作者意识到那天晚上自己是成功的，像个明星。故选A。 14．A．satisfied B．moved C．embarrassed D．confused 15．A．However B． Instead C．Therefore D．Though √ 根据前文“I missed my partner’s box altogether and _____.”可知，作者在表演中失误滑倒了，作为舞蹈演员，这是很尴尬的事情。故选C。 √ 根据前文“run off the stage”以及后文“I finished the routine with a smile on my face”可知，此处前后动作行为是相反的，空格处意为“相反”。故选B。 返回 谢 谢 观 看 UNIT 4　 HUMOUR 返回 $