Unit 1 Section 3 Using Language（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（人教版）

[对应知能达标训练P8] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．For a shortage of concrete(具体的) evidence，I can't persuade them to trust me. 2．(2025·北京卷)In the ninth grade，I went in for my first group interview for a leadership (领导) position as a shy girl. 3．(2025·北京卷)What is adulthood? Societies all over the world view the concept (概念) of an adult as self-supporting and self-directed，because it identifies a point in the life cycle. 4．Thanks to her comfort，I got out of the shadow (阴影) of the failure. 5．The player's outstanding (杰出的) performance left a deep impression on everyone present. 6．(2025·全国一卷)I realized it was me who was at fault(错误). 7．It is acknowledged that reading lays a solid foundation for further learning. 8．There was a big storm after midnight and the rain poured down. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．Affected (affect) by smartphones and computers，more and more students choose to learn English beyond the classroom in various ways. 2．Some talented(talent) students will present a wonderful show at the Students' Activity Hall. 3．When I was a teenager，I met the same problem as you，so you don't have to worry so much. 4．It is thought that skills like critical thinking(think) and analysis can be gained through practice. 5．(2025·浙江卷1月)In her study，Martin asked participants to rate their attachment to male，female，and genderless versions of a digital voice assistant(assist) and a self-driving car known as “Miuu”． 6．Initially (initial)，it will do harm to our health and may cause short-sightedness. 7．No matter how gifted (gift) you are，you alone cannot change the world. 8．The old tea houses in Hangzhou can be traced (trace) back to the Southern Song Dynasty. Ⅲ. 单句写作(介绍杂交水稻之父——袁隆平) 1．作为“杂交水稻之父”而著名，袁隆平终生致力于研究水稻。 Known as “the father of hybrid rice”，Yuan Longping devoted his whole life to studying rice. 2．我们从没见过比他更杰出的农业科学家了。 We have never seen a more outstanding agricultural scientist than him． 3．即使遇到数不清的困难，他也决不屈服。 Even if encountering countless difficulties，he would never give in. 4．在他的领导下，越来越多的年轻人负责杂交水稻的研究。 Under his leadership，more and more young people take charge of/are in charge of the research of hybrid rice. 5．不幸的是，他患上了严重的疾病，于2021年5月22日与世长辞。 Unfortunately，he came down with a severe illness and passed away on May 22，2021. Ⅳ.课文语法填空 When Qian Xuesen was young，he realised China needed a strong air force 1.to defend(defend) the country，so he went to America to study aviation. As a graduate 2.assistant(assist) at an institute，he helped conduct important research into rocket propulsion. Finally，he became 3.a pioneer in jet and rocket technology. After Qian Xuesen returned to China in 1955，he was put 4.in charge of developing China's rocket science，space and missile programme. Under his leadership，China made outstanding progress in rockets，missiles and man-made satellites，because of 5.which，he earned the name of “the father of China's aerospace”. Stephen Hawking was a 6.gifted(gift) scientist. Since he came down with a disease 7.causing(cause) him to be unable to walk or speak，his world became one of abstract thought. There were two main theories on the origin of the universe. One of them explains the universe 8.began(begin) at a single point in time and space. His own work on the big bang theory was proven by astronomers with 9.telescopes(telescope) and a new star was born. He was brilliant，brave and determined. And he was willing to admit his faults. This 10.combination(combine) of his characteristics made him one of the greatest thinkers of modern times. Ⅰ. 阅读理解 A (2025·江西景德镇期中)When Stanford University student Ellen Xu，now 18，was a five-year-old in San Diego，California，she clearly remembers that her parents rushed her little sister to the hospital.Three-year-old Kate had fallen seriously ill; she had a fever，reddened eyes，and some swelling in her hands and tongue. At first，the puzzled doctors thought she had flu，but when her condition didn't improve，the Xus returned to the clinic room，where a doctor by chance had a similar earlier experience with such symptoms in the blood known as Kawasaki disease.Though rare，it's the leading cause of the heart disease in babies and young children，and its causes remain unknown. The doctor knew how to treat it: He ordered some medicine for Kate，and finally she shook off the illness without suffering damage to her heart. Xu remembers being curious about her sister's illness condition and was amazed that the grown-ups couldn't answer her questions about why it was so hard to check.“In my mind，it was this puzzle I wanted to solve，” she says. Ten years later，wanting to enter a high school science fair，she had an idea：“What if we had a doctor in our pocket？”So she created just that: Using AI，Xu designed a program that uses visual facts to check the disease based on five physical symptoms. The technology works the same way as apps that can identify birds and plants with photos you've taken on your cellphone.Worried parents can upload a photo that they have taken of their child，and the technology will scan the picture for symptoms of the disease，which often have strong visual factors，such as a swollen tongue. Xu's invention has been applied as a web app on the website.“The technology could also be developed for recognizing some other diseases，” she says.“It means a lot to me.I want to use AI to help people live happier and healthier lives.” Xu says that her sister Kate，now in her third year of high school with dreams of becoming an environmental engineer，is strong and healthy. 1．When Kate was three years old，she had the symptoms EXCEPT ． A．a fever B．a cough C．reddened eyes D．swelling in hands 2．What inspired Ellen to start the program? A．To win a medal. B．To save her sister. C．To scan unique plants. D．To help people in need. 3．How does Ellen's program work? A.By asking detailed questions about the symptoms. B.By analyzing the text description of the symptoms. C.By identifying the symptoms in uploaded photos. D.By directly communicating with doctors for diagnosis. 4．Which words can best describe Ellen according to the text? A．Stubborn but careful. B．Warm-hearted and outgoing. C．Hardworking and committed. D．Innovative and caring. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了18岁的斯坦福大学学生Ellen Xu在回忆起5岁时妹妹Kate患川崎病的经历后，因对当时大人们无法回答自己关于这种疑难病症的疑问而感到好奇，于是在10年后利用AI设计了一个基于五种身体症状的视觉信息来检查疾病的程序。 1．解析　B　细节理解题。根据第一段中“Three-year-old Kate had fallen seriously ill; she had a fever，reddened eyes，and some swelling in her hands and tongue.”可知，Kate的症状有a fever，reddened eyes，and some swelling in her hands and tongue，没有提到a cough。故选B。 2．解析　D　推理判断题。根据第五段中“‘What if we had a doctor in our pocket？’So she created just that: Using AI，Xu designed a program that uses visual facts to check the disease based on five physical symptoms.”可知，Ellen看到妹妹生病时大人们无法解答她的疑问，后来想要有个“口袋医生”，她创造了利用AI识别疾病的程序，目的是帮助有需要的人。故选D。 3．解析　C　细节理解题。根据第六段中“Worried parents can upload a photo that they have taken of their child，and the technology will scan the picture for symptoms of the disease，which often have strong visual factors，such as a swollen tongue.”可知，Ellen的程序通过识别上传照片中的症状来运作的。故选C。 4．解析　D　推理判断题。根据第七段可知，Ellen创造了利用AI识别疾病的程序，体现了她的创新；她想帮助人们过上更幸福、更健康的生活，说明她有爱心。故选D。 B (2025·海南海口期中)Yellowstone National Park is boiling.Scientists agree the Yellowstone super volcano is unlikely to blow anytime soon.Should it erupt，it would be a disaster.The eruption would shoot out enough rock and ash to cover most of the United States. So in 2017，NASA scientists ran a thought experiment to see if they could stop a future super-eruption.The team came up with the idea of drilling a series of wells around the edge of the park and pumping cold water down into the hot rock.This would cool the boiling rock and prevent a disaster.As a bonus，the system would provide enough geothermal (地热的) energy to power the entire country.The idea，however，has reached a standstill．Yellowstone and other national parks have long been protected from commercial energy development to ensure that these regions remain untouched. Nowhere has geothermal energy had a greater effect on the environment than in New Zealand.Much like Yellowstone，the Wairakei Basin of the country was once a bubbling scene where 70 geysers periodically fired jets of water into the air.That is，until 1958，when a geothermal power plant was developed nearby.Today，Wairakei does not host a single geyser.The power plant destroyed all 70 of them，along with 240 hot springs. Should a project like this take place at the edges of Yellowstone National Park，it could easily leave the surface features untouched and still drill deep enough to generate geothermal power.Indeed，that was NASA's supposed solution. But Richards does not like the idea.Even if a geothermal power plant did not destroy the region's features—from geysers and hot springs to mud pots—the plant would not go unnoticed in such an untouched area. 5．Why did the NASA scientists carry out the study? A.To discover more clean and sustainable energy. B.To estimate Yellowstone super volcano's danger. C.To seek how to prevent a future volcanic eruption. D.To drill wells to provide easier access to hot water. 6．What does the underlined phrase “reached a standstill” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Come to a temporary stop. B．Won governmental approval. C．Led to a major breakthrough. D．Aroused much public concern. 7．What happened to geysers in the Wairakei Basin since a power plant was built? A．They disappeared completely. B．They mixed with hot springs. C．They became more powerful. D．They were put into better use. 8．Why does Richards disapprove of building a power plant there? A．It could destroy the geysers in the park. B．It would conflict with NASA's solution. C．It might result in violent volcanic eruptions. D.It would hurt the original scenery of the park. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是科学家对黄石国家公园火山是否会爆发的思维实验。 5．解析　C　推理判断题。根据第二段中“So in 2017，NASA scientists ran a thought experiment to see if they could stop a future super-eruption.”可知，科学家研究的目的是寻找如何防止未来的火山爆发的方法。故选C。 6．解析　A　词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Yellowstone and other national parks have long been protected from commercial energy development to ensure that these regions remain untouched.”可知，黄石公园和其他国家公园长期以来一直受到保护以免受到商业能源开发的影响，所以这个主意应该是受到搁置，画线短语reached a standstill 的意思是“停滞不前”，与come to a temporary stop的意思相近。故选A。 7．解析　A　细节理解题。根据第三段中“That is，until 1958，when a geothermal power plant was developed nearby.Today，Wairakei does not host a single geyser.The power plant destroyed all 70 of them，along with 240 hot springs.”可知，自从建立发电厂以来，怀拉基盆地的间歇泉完全消失了。故选A。 8．解析　D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Even if a geothermal power plant did not destroy the region's features—from geysers and hot springs to mud pots—the plant would not go unnoticed in such an untouched area.”可推知，理查兹不赞成在那里建发电厂是因为这样会破坏公园原有的风景。故选D。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2025·辽宁丹东期末)Louis Pasteur was born on December 27，1822，in Dole，France，into a poor family.The French chemist and microbiologist made remarkable scientific 1 regarding the principles of vaccination (疫苗接种)，microbial fermentation，and pasteurization (巴氏灭菌法). The family was on a very tight 2 ．However，his parents 3 education and found support to send him to the best schools they could afford.Pasteur had a 4 for painting and drawing.When he realized that art was 5 to earn a living，he changed to 6 ． He was not a(n) 7 student，but he worked very hard once he put his mind to it.It took him three tries to pass the exam to get into his 8 school.Later，he owed his success to his 9 ．He impressed senior scientists with his hard work and willpower in 10 some of the most difficult scientific problems. Pasteur's 11 research was completely self-funded.His wife，Marie， 12 supported his work and acted as his assistant in the lab. As he became famous gradually，he was able to 13 research positions at more great institutions.Eventually，he was able to establish the Pasteur Institute to 14 and prevent the causes of disease，particularly rabies. He was highly respected and won just about every award 15 in his field.As a consequence，Pasteur greatly advanced the science of his day. 1．A.predictions B．discoveries C．methods D．performances 2．A.turn B．schedule C．relationship D．budget 3．A.valued B．overestimated C．sharpened D．assigned 4．A.demand B．temptation C．passion D．inspiration 5．A.unavoidable B．unlikely C．unexpected D．uneventful 6．A.geography B．arithmetic C．politics D．chemistry 7．A.considerate B．intelligent C．lifelong D．intimate 8．A.desired B．approved C．engaged D．varied 9．A.fame B．routine C．perseverance D．blessing 10．A.fundraising B．tackling C．motivating D．occupying 11．A.overnight B．joint C．monthly D．early 12．A.actively B．objectively C．humbly D．nobly 13．A.turn down B．cope with C．work out D．take up 14．A.dedicate B．treat C．find D．commit 15．A.available B．memorable C．favorable D．knowledgeable 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇人物传记。文章主要介绍了Louis Pasteur的生平、成就和贡献，包括他在化学和微生物学领域的卓越发现、对疫苗接种和巴氏灭菌法的贡献，以及他建立巴斯德研究所的初衷和目的。 1．解析　B　根据下文“regarding the principles of vaccination (疫苗接种)，microbial fermentation，and pasteurization (巴氏灭菌法)”可知，这些都是科学发现。故选B。 2．解析　D　根据空后的“however”以及下文的“his parents 3 education and found support to send him to the best schools they could afford”可推断，Pasteur家的经济条件并不好，也就是说预算很紧张。故选D。 3．解析　A　根据空后的“found support to send him to the best schools they could afford”可推断，他的父母很重视教育，所以送他去好的学校。故选A。 4．解析　C　根据下文“When he realized that art was 5 to earn a living，he changed to 6 ．”可知，Pasteur对艺术有着热情。故选C。 5．解析　B　根据上文可知，他家经济条件并不好，而根据常识可知，艺术并不太可能谋生。故选B。 6．解析　D　根据上文可知，他后来成了一个化学家，所以此时他是从艺术转向化学。故选D。 7．解析　B　根据下文“but he worked very hard once he put his mind to it”以及“It took him three tries to pass the exam to get into his 8 school.”可知，他并不是一个很聪明的学生。故选B。 8．解析　A　根据上文“It took him three tries to pass the exam”以及常理可知，他是最终进入了心仪的学校。故选A。 9．解析　C　根据上文“It took him three tries to pass the exam to get into his 8 school.”以及下文“He impressed senior scientists with his hard work and willpower”可推测，他认为自己的成功源自于自己的毅力。故选C。 10．解析　B　根据空后的“some of the most difficult scientific problems”可推测，空处指的是“解决、处理”。故选B。 11．解析　D　这两段内容描述了Pasteur的研究进展，所以，空处指的是最初的情况。故选D。 12．解析　A　根据下文“acted as his assistant in the lab”可推测，他的妻子积极支持其工作。故选A。 13．解析　D　根据空前的“As he became famous gradually”以及空后的“research positions at more great institutions”可推测，随着他越来越出名，他可以在大机构担任研究职位。故选D。 14．解析　C　根据空后的“prevent the causes of disease，particularly rabies”可推测，空处指的是“找到”疾病的起因。故选C。 15．解析　A　根据上文的“He was highly respected and won just about every award”可推测，他是赢得了所在领域能有的所有奖项。故选A。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $