Unit 1 Section 2 Learning About Language（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（人教版）

[对应知能达标训练P4] Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．The question is whether I should go to the cinema with him，or go shopping with her. 2．He was injured by a car this morning. This is why he was absent from school. 3．His suggestion is that another meeting (should) be held (hold) to discuss the problem. 4．The impression he makes on me is that he is a reliable person. 5．The reason why he was fired was that he was suspected of stealing the computer of his company. 6．Everything in my childhood crowded into my mind as if/though it had just happened. 7．His advice to his grandma is that she should make (make) good use of her spare time. 8．We should love our school because this is where we live and study every day. 9．David was injured in the training. That was why he didn't take part in the Olympic Games. 10．The truth is that everyone will have one of those periods when things seem to be going wrong. 11．What you should keep in mind is that most people feel nervous like you. 12．That is what I would like to recommend to you，and I hope my idea can be taken. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．Respecting others is what we should value when getting along with others. 与人相处时，尊重他人是我们应该重视的。 2．That's why I think the trip along the Yangtze River will be a better choice. 那就是为什么我认为沿长江旅行会是一个更好的选择。 3．The fact is that he is quite qualified for the position advertised in the newspaper. 事实是他非常有资格担任报纸上刊登的职位。 4．It seems as if every body else knew except me. 似乎每个人也都知道除了我。 5．I am more than delighted. This is because I have won the first prize in the speech competition held last Sunday. 我非常高兴。这是因为我在上周日举行的演讲比赛中获得了一等奖。 6．My suggestion is that we (should) live a low-carbon life to protect the environment. 我的建议是我们应该为了保护环境过低碳生活。 7．The most important advice is that you (should) read English books before the class and after the class. (应用文之建议信) 最重要的建议是你应该在课前和课后读英语书。 8．Good news is that an exhibition of Chinese paintings is to be held this weekend. 好消息是本周末要举办一场中国画展。 9．What puzzles me most is what I should pay attention to when choosing majors. (应用文之求助信) 我最困惑的是我在选择专业时应该注意什么。 Ⅲ.语篇语法填空 阅读下面短文，用适当的连接词填空。 The fact is 1.that Wendy was a famous writer，but no one knew 2.where she came from and the question remained 3.whether she was born in 1961.4.What they did know was 5.that she was loved by poor people because she always helped 6.whoever was in need of money. Despite this，some people thought she was chasing fame. Why they were so narrow-minded was 7.what Wendy couldn't understand，but it seemed as if she didn't care. The most important was 8. that she just wanted to do 9.what (ever) she thought was right. She thought that was 10.where the meaning of life lay. Ⅰ. 阅读理解 A (2025·广东清远期中)Louis Pasteur was a world-famous French chemist and biologist. He is particularly famous for his work on rabies vaccine (狂犬病疫苗).The rabies virus enters the body through the bite of an infected animal or through infected saliva (唾液) entering an existing wound.After experimenting with the saliva of animals suffering from the disease，Pasteur concluded that the disease rests in the central nervous system of the body.By studying the tissue of infected animals — rabbits，Pasteur was able to produce a form of the virus.This could be used for inoculation (接种). On July 6，1885，Pasteur tested his vaccine on a man for the first time.He saved the life of a young man called Joseph Meister who had been bitten by a rabid dog.Pasteur was urged to treat him with his new method.The treatment lasted 10 days and in the end he recovered and remained healthy.Since then，thousands have been saved by this treatment. On March 1886，Pasteur was invited to present his results to the Academy of Sciences and in 1888 went on to found the Pasteur Institute in Paris.This was a pioneering clinic for the study of infectious diseases，the treatment of rabies and a centre for teaching.Pasteur directed the institute personally until he died.The Pasteur Institute is still one of the most important centres in the world. Pasteur became a national hero and was honored in many ways.He died at Saint-Cloud on September 28，1895 and was given a state funeral at the Cathedral of Notre Dame. Modifications of the Pasteur method are still used in rabies treatment today.A newer vaccine which contains the virus prepared from human cells grown in the laboratory is safer and requires a shorter course of injections. 1．Rabies probably can destroy a person's ． A．nervous system B．blood C．skin D．saliva 2．What can we learn about Pasteur's test of his vaccine on the man? A．It didn't save the man's life. B．The man was his second patient. C．It proved to be a great success. D．The man was sent to a clinic ten days later. 3．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Pasteur's rabies vaccine is out of date. B．A new rabies vaccine has already been tested on patients. C．Injections of vaccine still take much time. D．Much improvement has been made on rabies vaccine. 4．What's the text mainly about? A．The treatment for rabies. B．The introduction to rabies vaccine. C．An analysis of the cause of rabies. D．Pasteur's devotion to rabies vaccine. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了路易·巴斯德发明狂犬病疫苗的过程及其影响。 1．解析　A　细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“After experimenting with the saliva of animals suffering from the disease，Pasteur concluded that the disease rests in the central nervous system of the body.”可知，狂犬病可能会破坏人的神经系统。故选A。 2．解析　C　细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“He saved the life of a young man called Joseph Meister who had been bitten by a rabid dog.”和“The treatment lasted 10 days and in the end he recovered and remained healthy.Since then，thousands have been saved by this treatment.”可知，巴斯德的疫苗测试取得了巨大成功。故选C。 3．解析　D　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Modifications of the Pasteur method are still used in rabies treatment today.A newer vaccine which contains the virus prepared from human cells grown in the laboratory is safer and requires a shorter course of injections.”可推知，狂犬病疫苗已经有了很大的改进。故选D。　 4．解析　D　主旨大意题。根据文章第二段中的“He is particularly famous for his work on rabies vaccine (狂犬病疫苗).”和文章最后一段可知，文章主要围绕路易·巴斯德为狂犬病疫苗所作出的奉献来展开。故选D。 B (2025·黑龙江佳木斯期中)Archacologists in Norway have discovered a 1，300-year-old ship burial that exists before the Viking Age.It's now the oldest known ship burial in Scandinavia，according to a statement from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology. Researchers discovered the ship burial while investigating a large，grassy hill in the coastal community of Leka.Known as the Herlaugshagen burial mound (墓地)，it measures 23 feet tall and 197 feet in diameter.Given its size，researchers have long suspected it contained a ship.Ship burials were once a traditional custom that involved burying the dead person inside their ship and covering the ship with dirt.The practice was “believed to make the person's way to the afterlife a safe one.” After surveying the site this summer，archaeologists finally confirmed their suspicions.Working on behalf of the Norwegian Directorate for Cultural Heritage，the team dug part of the mound and found large nails and pieces of wood that were likely once part of a ship. Radiocarbon dating (碳年代测定法) of the wood suggests the mound was built around 700 C.E.during the Merovingian Period (roughly 550 to 800 C．E.).This period immediately comes before the Viking Era (around 793 to 1066 C．E.).“This dating is really exciting because it pushes the whole tradition of ship burials quite far back in time，” says Geir Gronnesby，an archaeologist at the university's museum，in the statement.“The find suggests that people who lived in the region at that time were skilled sailors who could build big ships much earlier than we previously thought.” Researchers aren't sure what the ship buried at Herlaugshagen was used for.However，they do know Leka is situated along a centuries-old shipping route.“We know that the exchange of goods must have been extensive at this time，and the most logical thing is that the goods were transported by ship along the coast，” Geir Gronnesby adds. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了挪威的考古学家发现了一个1300年前的船葬。 5．What is a ship burial intended to do according to the passage? A．To honor the owner of the ship. B．To remind us to remember ancestors. C．To observe a long-held traditional practice. D．To safeguard the dead from being discovered. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Ship burials were once a traditional custom that involved burying the dead person inside their ship and covering the ship with dirt.”可知，船葬的目的是遵守一项长期的传统习俗。故选C。 6．Why is the discovery of the ship burial at Herlaugshagen considered significant? A.It is the earliest evidence of big ship construction. B.It highlights the importance of coastal communities. C．It is the largest burial mound in Scandinavia. D．It marks the beginning of the Viking Age. 解析　A　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The find suggests that people who lived in the region at that time were skilled sailors who could build big ships much earlier than we previously thought.”可知，这一发现意义重大，因为这是建造大船的最早证据。故选A。 7．What can be inferred about this buried ship according to Geir Gronnesby? A．It was used to transport soldiers. B．It explored many areas. C．It was destroyed in a storm. D．It may be used to carry goods. 解析　D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“‘We know that the exchange of goods must have been extensive at this time，and the most logical thing is that the goods were transported by ship along the coast，’ Geir Gronnesby adds.”可知，根据Geir Gronnesby所说，这艘被掩埋的船原来可以用来运载货物。故选D。 8．What is the most suitable title for the passage? A.1，300-Year-Old Ship Burial Unearthed in Norway B．The Origin of Ancient Exploration in Norway C．The Custom of Burying People in Their Ships D．The Ship Burial Traditions in Scandinavia 解析　A　标题归纳题。根据第一段中“Archacologists in Norway have discovered a 1，300-year-old ship burial that exists before the Viking Age.”可知，本文主要介绍了挪威的考古学家发现了一个1300年前的船葬，所以标题“1300年前的船葬在挪威出土”符合主题。故选A。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2025·黑龙江鸡西期末联考)If you've spent more time outside in the past couple of years，you might have noticed a lot more of what happens naturally in your neighborhood，from the songs of birds outside your window to the flowers in a nearby park. 1 That's called “citizen (公民)” or “community” science.With our observations (观察)，we can help scientists do research. 2 A single scientist can work for years trying to collect as many observations as a community project could collect in a month.There are thousands of community science projects out there.Here's how to get started： 3 Ask yourself: “What gets me excited about nature？” You might be really into birds or trees.Do you love observing the weather? Do you care about the water quality (质量) where you live? There's going to be a project for you out there. Get your tools ready. 4 From there，check out CitizenScience.gov or SciStarter to learn more and find projects in their databases (数据库).If you have a good idea of what you're interested in，you can turn right to a specialized app.There are plenty of apps and websites to meet your interests. Step outside and start recording what you see outside. 5 People often see nature，especially if you live in a city，as something that is far away or hard to get to.You can study nature in the cracks (裂缝) of the sidewalk ...There are birds everywhere.You don't have to be out in the wilderness. A．Why would scientists need common people's observations of nature? B．Turn your hobby into a service for scientists. C．Think about what you enjoy or find interesting in nature. D．Are you a fan of bird watching? E．All you need is a smartphone or a computer for most community science projects. F．You can be a citizen scientist no matter where you live. G．We can share what we see with scientists through apps and websites. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了普通民众通过观察参与社区科学项目的方式。 1．解析　G　根据后文“这被称为‘公民’或‘社区’科学。通过我们的观察，我们可以帮助科学家进行研究。”可知，空处的内容属于“公民”或“社区”科学，与我们通过观察帮助科学家进行研究有关，G项“我们可以通过应用程序和网站与科学家分享我们所看到的。”衔接下文。故选G。 2．解析　A　后文解释了社区项目对科学家的研究所起的帮助作用，由此可知，空处应是询问科学家需要普通人观察事物的原因，A项“为什么科学家需要普通人对自然的观察？”符合题意。故选A。 3．解析　C　根据后文“Ask yourself: ‘What gets me excited about nature？’”可知，空处讲述的应是观察前要思考自己对大自然中感兴趣的事物，C项“想想你在大自然中喜欢什么或发现什么有趣。”符合题意。故选C。 4．解析　E　前文讲述了要准备好工具，后文讲述了从该工具上查看CitizenScience.gov或SciStarter，由此可知，空处应介绍能够使用CitizenScience.gov或SciStarter的工具，E项“对于大多数社区科学项目，你只需要一部智能手机或电脑。”符合题意。故选E。 5．解析　F　根据下文可知，并不需要到野外才能观察大自然，到处都可以，由此可知，不管住在哪里都可以观察，F项“无论你住在哪里，你都可以成为一名公民科学家。”符合题意。故选F。 Ⅲ.语法填空 (2025·湖南长沙联考)China launched a mission (任务) Friday that aims to bring back samples (样品) from the far side of the moon for the first time，a major step forward for the country's space program. The Chang'e-6 probe (探测器) 1. (send) up yesterday on a Long March-5 rocket from the Wenchang Space Launch Center，in which space fans gathered to watch the historic moment.The launch was 2. huge success. The 53-day task will see the Chang'e-6 lander touch down on the moon's far side，3. never faces Earth.Any far-side samples can 4. (potential) help scientists look back into the evolution of the moon and the solar system. It is a key test for China's space abilities in its effort 5. (build) the country into a space power.China has made rapid space advancements in recent years，in a field traditionally 6. (lead) by the United States and Russia. China has long said it stands 7. the peaceful use of space and hopes to better work with other countries in the space field.This time，China has said the Chang'e-6 task carries scientific 8. (instrument) from France，Italy，Pakistan and the European Space Agency. In addition to 9. (return) samples that could help people study the origin and early history of the moon and the solar system，the mission also serves as a robotic practice for these steps to get astronauts to the moon 10. back. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了中国发射嫦娥六号探测器以首次从月球背面带回样本的任务，这标志着中国航天计划的一大进步。 1．解析　was sent　考查时态语态和主谓一致。send(发送)是谓语动词，与主语The Chang'e-6 probe之间是被动关系，根据时间状语yesterday可知，描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填was sent。 2．解析　A　考查冠词。可数名词success在句中表示“一次巨大的成功”，泛指，且huge是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 3．解析　which　考查定语从句。“ never faces Earth”为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the moon's far side，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。 4．解析　potentially　考查副词。提示词修饰动词help，用副词potentially作状语，意为“可能地，潜在地”。故填potentially。 5．解析　to build　考查非谓语动词。名词effort后常用不定式作后置定语，effort to do...“做……的努力”。故填to build。 6．解析　led　考查非谓语动词。lead(引领，领导)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语a field之间是被动关系，应用过去分词led表被动，作后置定语。故填led。 7．解析　for　考查介词。stand for是固定短语，意为“支持，代表”。故填for。 8．解析　instruments　考查名词复数。可数名词instrument作宾语，意为“仪器”，由后文“from France，Italy，Pakistan and the European Space Agency”可知，应用复数形式表示多个国家的仪器。故填instruments。 9．解析　returning　考查非谓语动词。提示词作复合介词In addition to的宾语，用动名词形式returning。故填returning。 10．解析　and　考查连词。这次任务还为这些步骤提供了机器人实践，以便让宇航员登上月球并返回。“(get astronauts) to the moon”和“(get astronauts) back”是并列关系，用连词and连接。故填and。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $