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专题01 Units 1~4 重点词汇句型语法&写作通用表达
Unit 1-4
重点单词
词性
单词
音标
词义
变形
n.
_________
/vəˈkeɪʃn/
假期
n.
_________
/ˈdaɪəri/
日记
________(复数)
n.
_________
/ˈfəʊtəʊ/
照片
________ (复数)
n.
_________
/ˈwʌndə(r)/
奇观;奇迹
________ (复数)
n.
_________
/ˈweðə(r)/
天气
n.
_________
/tʃɔː(r)/
家务
________ (复数)
n.
_________
/ˈrʌbɪʃ/
垃圾
不可数名词
n.
_________
/plɑːnt/
植物
________ (复数)
n.
_________
/dɪʃ/
盘子
________ (复数)
n.
_________
/praɪz/
奖品
________ (复数)
n.
_________
/ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃn/
比赛
________ (复数)
n.
_________
/ˈænɪml/
动物
________ (复数)
n.
_________
/ˈpændə/
熊猫
________ (复数)
n.
_________
/ˌbæmˈbuː/
竹子
________ (复数)
v.
_________
/fiːl/
感觉
________ (过去式/过去分词)
v.
_________
/swiːp/
扫
________ (过去式/过去分词)
v.
_________
/fəʊld/
折叠
________ (过去式/过去分词)
v.
_________
/hæŋ/
悬挂
________ (过去式/过去分词)
v.
_________
/kliːn/
打扫
________ (过去式/过去分词)
v.
_________
/ɪnˈvaɪt/
邀请
________ (过去式/过去分词);________ (n.)
v.
_________
/ˈbɒrəʊ/
借入
________ (过去式/过去分词)
v.
_________
/lend/
借出
________ (过去式/过去分词)
v.
_________
/keə(r)/
关心
________ (过去式/过去分词);________ (adj.)
v.
_________
/ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ/
鼓励
________ (过去式/过去分词);________ (n.)
v.
_________
/prəˈtekt/
保护
________ (过去式/过去分词);________ (n.)
v.
_________
/dɪˈpend/
依靠
________ (过去式/过去分词);________ (adj.)
v.
_________
/kəˈnekt/
连接
________ (过去式/过去分词);________ (n.)
v.
_________
/lɪv/
居住
________ (过去式/过去分词);________ (n.)
adj.
_________
/ˈeɪnʃənt/
古老的
adj.
_________
/fænˈtæstɪk/
极好的
adj.
_________
/ɪmˈpɔːtnt/
重要的
________ (n.)
adj.
_________
/ˈtaɪəd/
疲惫的
________ (adj. 修饰物)
adj.
_________
/ɪkˈsaɪtɪd/
兴奋的
________ (adj. 修饰物)
adj.
_________
/ˈaʊtɡəʊɪŋ/
外向的
______________ (比较级);___________(最高级)
adj.
_________
/ˈsɪəriəs/
严肃的
________ (比较级);________ (最高级)
adj.
_________
/ˈfrendli/
友好的
________ (比较级);________ (最高级)
adj.
_________
/ʃaɪ/
害羞的
________ (比较级);________ (最高级)
adj.
_________
/ˈtæləntɪd/
有天赋的
________ (n.)
adj.
_________
/ˈsɪmələ(r)/
相似的
________ (n.)
adj.
_________
/ˈdɪfrənt/
不同的
________ (n.)
adj.
_________
/ˈkɒmən/
共同的
adj.
_________
/waɪld/
野生的
adj.
_________
/diːp/
深的
________ (比较级);________ (最高级)
prep.
_________
/bɪˈkɒz əv/
因为
后接名词/代词/动名词
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重点词汇词性转换
1. diary (n. 日记) →_________(n. 日记,复数)
2. feel (v. 感觉) → _________ (v. 感觉,过去式/过去分词)
3. sweep (v. 扫) → _________(v. 扫,过去式/过去分词)
4. hang (v. 悬挂) →_________ (v. 悬挂,过去式/过去分词)
5. invite (v. 邀请) → _________ (n. 邀请函); _________(v. 邀请,过去式/过去分词)
6. care (v. 关心) → _________ (adj. 小心的); _________(adv. 小心地);_________ (v. 关心,过去式/过去分词)
7. encourage (v. 鼓励) → _________ (n. 鼓励); _________ (v. 鼓励,过去式/过去分词)
8. protect (v. 保护) →_________ (n. 保护);_________(v. 保护,过去式/过去分词)
9. depend (v. 依靠) → _________(adj. 依赖的); _________ (n. 依赖);_________ (v. 依靠,过去式/过去分词)
10. connect (v. 连接) → _________(n. 联系); _________ (v. 连接,过去式/过去分词)
11. live (v. 居住) → _________ (n. 生活; 生命);_________(v. 居住,过去式/过去分词)
12. important (adj. 重要的) → _________(n. 重要性)
13. tired (adj. 疲惫的) →_________ (adj. 令人疲惫的)
14. excited (adj. 兴奋的) → _________ (adj. 令人兴奋的)
15. outgoing (adj. 外向的) → _________ (adj. 更外向的,比较级); _________ (adj. 最外向的,最高级)
16. serious (adj. 严肃的) → _________ (adj. 更严肃的,比较级); _________(adj. 最严肃的,最高级)
17. friendly (adj. 友好的) → _________(adj. 更友好的,比较级); _________ (adj. 最友好的,最高级)
18. shy (adj. 害羞的) → _________ (adj. 更害羞的,比较级); _________ (adj. 最害羞的,最高级)
19. talented (adj. 有天赋的) → _________(n. 天赋)
20. similar (adj. 相似的) → _________(n. 相似性)
21. different (adj. 不同的) → _________(n. 差异)
重点短语
1. _________ 去度假
2. _________待在家里
3. _________ 参观古建筑
4. _________ 记日记
5. _________ 因为
6._________想要做某事
7._________ 拍照
8. _________ 查明;弄清
9._________ 玩得开心
10. _________四处走走
11. _________重要的事
12. _________ 做家务
13._________扫地
14. _________ 倒垃圾
15. _________ 叠衣服
16. _________ 整理床铺
17. _________ 洗碗
18._________挂照片
19. _________给植物浇水
20. _________ 打扫干净
21. _________ 邀请某人去某地
22._________ 向某人借某物
23. _________ 让某人搭便车
24. _________ 更外向
25. _________和……一样
26. _________ 与……不同
27. _________ 与……相似
28. _________ 关心;在意
29. _________ 在……方面有天赋
30. _________ 只要
31. _________ 使某人展现出最好的一面
32. _________ 有共同之处
33. _________ 歌唱比赛
34. _________ 参加
35. _________获得一等奖
36. _________ 祝贺
37. _________生长最快的植物
38. _________最有用的植物
39. _________ 在……中起作用
40. _________是……的栖息地
41. _________ 美德的象征
42. _________ 成千上万的
43. _________ 保护野生动物
44. _________ 可以随便做某事
45._________与……有关联
46. _________帮助(某人)
47. _________ 依靠;依赖
48. _________在深海里
49. _________ 在高山上
50. _________ 生活在森林里
重点句型
1. _____________________________________ 你去哪里度假了?
_____________________________________ 我和家人去了山里。
2. _____________________________________ 你在那里做了有趣的事吗?
_____________________________________ 是的,我尝试了滑翔伞,很刺激!
3. _____________________________________ 你旅行时天气怎么样?
4. _____________________________________ 你记假期日记了吗?
_____________________________________ 是的,我记下了每天做的所有事。
5. _____________________________________ 当然!面条和饺子太好吃了。
6. _____________________________________我太无聊了,所以决定找些东西来读。
7. _____________________________________俄罗斯人建造这座博物馆是为了纪念他们二战期间与纳粹的斗争。
8. _____________________________________ 你能给植物浇水吗?
_____________________________________ 当然,我马上就去做。
9. _____________________________________ 你多久做一次家务?
_____________________________________ 我一周打扫一次房间。
10. _____________________________________ 我等不及带他们看我们的新房子了。
11. _____________________________________
无论我离开多久,家总是会满心欢喜地迎接我归来。
12. _____________________________________ 我最好的朋友帮助我展现出最好的一面。
13. _____________________________________ 没有必要完全一样。
14. _____________________________________ 朱莉和我一样苗条。
15. _____________________________________我爸爸比我妈妈忙得多。
16. _____________________________________ 你越细心,得分就越多。
17. _____________________________________埃拉跳舞比艾玛好,但艾玛唱歌比她响亮。
18. _____________________________________ 真正的朋友会向你伸出援手,触动你的心灵。
19. _____________________________________
我们需要彼此才能生存,蜜蜂就是这种关联的最佳例子之一。
20. _____________________________________
事实上,没有它们的劳作,世界上约80%的植物无法生长。
21. _____________________________________
蜜蜂在地球生态系统中扮演着至关重要的角色。
22. _____________________________________
然而,蜜蜂的数量在下降,科学家们都很担心。
23. _____________________________________蓝鲸可以活到90岁。
24. _____________________________________
想想你能做些什么来保护地球上最神奇的动物之一。
25. _____________________________________
很多人喜欢看蓝鲸游泳,并且认为这是最值得观赏的美妙景象之一。
重点语法
一般过去时
项目
具体内容
核心功能
表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态
时间标志词
yesterday、last week/month/year、...ago、in+过去年份、just now(刚才)
动词变化
规则变化:
加-ed(play→played)、
e结尾加-d(live→lived)、
辅音+y变i加-ed(study→studied)、
重读闭音节双写尾字母加-ed(stop→stopped);
不规则变化:go→went、have→had、see→saw等
句型结构
肯定句:主语+动词过去式;
否定句:主语+didn’t+动词原形;
疑问句:Did+主语+动词原形;
特殊疑问句:疑问词+did+主语+动词原形
典型例句
肯定:She visited Paris last year.(她去年去了巴黎。);
否定:They didn’t go to the party.(他们没去参加派对。);
疑问:Did you finish your homework?(你完成作业了吗?)
易错点
助动词did后需用动词原形;be动词(was/were)疑问句直接提前,不与实义动词混用
复合不定代词
项目
具体内容
构成形式
Some/Any/Every/No + -thing(指事物)/-body/-one(指人),如something、anyone、everyone、nothing
核心规则
谓语动词用单数;定语需后置(修饰词放代词后);否定用no-系列,避免双重否定
使用场景
some-用于肯定句或期待肯定回答的疑问句;
any-用于否定句、疑问句或肯定句表“任何”;
every-表“全部”;no-表“完全否定”
典型例句
There is something interesting in the book.(书里有有趣的内容。);
Is there anything wrong?(有什么问题吗?);
Everyone likes this story.(每个人都喜欢这个故事。)
易错点
混淆some-和any-的疑问句用法;定语位置放错;主谓不一致用复数谓语
一般现在时
项目
具体内容
核心功能
表示习惯性、经常性的动作或客观事实、常态
搭配词
常与always、usually、often、sometimes、every day/week等频度副词或时间状语连用
动词变化
主语为第三人称单数时,谓语动词加-s/-es(watch→watches、go→goes);
其余人称用动词原形
句型结构
肯定句:主语+动词原形/三单形式;
否定句:主语+don’t/doesn’t+动词原形;
疑问句:Do/Does+主语+动词原形
典型例句
He plays basketball every Saturday.(他每周六打篮球。);
She doesn’t like coffee.(她不喜欢咖啡。);
Do you get up early?(你起得早吗?)
易错点
第三人称单数主语遗漏动词三单变化;否定句/疑问句中未用动词原形
情态动词can/could
对比项目
can
could
表示能力
现在/将来的能力
例:I can swim.
过去的能力
例:She could swim at 5.
表示请求
语气直接、口语化
例:Can I help you?
更委婉、礼貌
例:Could you help me?
表示推测
多用于否定/疑问:can’t 不可能
例:He can’t be late.
委婉猜测(可能)
例:He could be in the office.
否定形式
can’t / cannot
couldn’t / could not
易错点
1. 不能说 can to do,必须是 can do
2. can 没有人称变化,不能说 cans
1. could 表委婉请求时不是过去时
2. could 后也必须加动词原形
形容词比较级
项目
具体内容
核心功能
用于两者之间的比较,表示“更……”“较……”
变化规则
单音节词加-er(tall→taller);
e结尾加-r(nice→nicer);
重读闭音节双写尾字母加-er(thin→thinner);
“辅音+y”变y为i加-er(happy→happier);
多音节词前加more(more outgoing);
不规则变化:good/well→better、bad→worse
常用句型
A+be+比较级+than+B;
比较级+and+比较级(越来越……);
the+比较级,the+比较级(越……越……)
修饰词
可被much、a lot、a little、even等修饰,如much taller(高得多)、a little earlier(早一点)
典型例句
Tom is taller than Jim.(汤姆比吉姆高。);
The weather is getting colder and colder.(天气越来越冷。);
She is more outgoing than her sister.(她比她姐姐外向。)
易错点
多音节词直接加-er;不规则变化混淆;比较级前误用very修饰
原级比较
项目
具体内容
核心功能
表示两者在某方面“相同”或“不同”,不涉及比较等级差异
常用句型
肯定式:as+原级+as(和……一样);
否定式:not as/so+原级+as(不如……)
句型特点
as...as中间必须用形容词/副词原级,不可用比较级或最高级
典型例句
She is as quiet as her brother.(她和她哥哥一样安静。);
He isn’t so tall as his father.(他不如他爸爸高。);
This pen writes as smoothly as that one.(这支笔和那支笔写起来一样流畅。)
易错点
否定式中混淆as与so的用法;中间误用比较级形式(如as taller as)
形容词/副词最高级
项目
具体内容
核心功能
用于三者及以上的比较,表示“最……”
变化规则
单音节词加-est(short→shortest);
e结尾加-st(fine→finest);
重读闭音节双写尾字母加-est(big→biggest);
多音节词前加most(most beautiful);
不规则变化:good/well→best、bad→worst
常用句型
主语+be+the+形容词最高级+in/of短语;
one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数(最……之一);
the+序数词+形容词最高级(第几最……)
典型例句
This is the best movie theater in town.(这是镇上最好的电影院。);
She runs the fastest in our class.(她在我们班跑得最快。);
Beijing is one of the most beautiful cities in China.(北京是中国最美的城市之一。)
易错点
遗漏定冠词the;多音节词直接加-est;副词最高级多余the(可省略)
选择疑问句
项目
具体内容
核心功能
用于在两个或多个选项中提问,询问“哪一个……”
结构形式
疑问词+一般疑问句;
选项用or连接,可接名词、代词或从句
回答方式
不用yes/no回答,直接选择其中一个选项作答
典型例句
Which is cheaper, the red shirt or the blue one?(红衬衫和蓝衬衫,哪个更便宜?);
What’s the best way to go to school, by bus, by bike or on foot?(上学的最佳方式是什么,乘公交、骑自行车还是步行?)
易错点
回答时误用yes/no;选项之间缺少or连接;句子末尾用问号而非句号
单元写作通用表达&范文背诵
Unit 1 假期旅行经历
写作任务
围绕“过去的假期旅行”展开记叙文写作,需清晰说明旅行的时间、地点、同行人员、具体活动及个人感受,核心是正确运用一般过去时,完整呈现事件要素与逻辑顺序。
一、常用句式
1. Last summer vacation/winter holiday, I went to... with my parents/friends.
去年暑假/寒假,我和父母/朋友一起去了……
2. We took a plane/train/bus to get there, and the journey was really wonderful/relaxing.
我们乘飞机/火车/公交车去的那里,旅途非常愉快/放松。
3. When we arrived, the weather was sunny/windy/cool, which made us feel happy.
我们到达时,天气晴朗/有风/凉爽,让我们心情愉悦。
4. During the trip, we visited famous scenic spots, took a lot of photos and tasted delicious local food.
旅行期间,我们参观了著名景点,拍了很多照片,还品尝了美味的当地美食。
5. What impressed me most was the beautiful scenery and the friendly local people.
最让我印象深刻的是美丽的风景和友好的当地人。
6. I felt so excited because I tried something new like paragliding/riding a horse.
我感到非常兴奋,因为我尝试了滑翔伞/骑马这样的新鲜事物。
7. Although we were a little tired, we had a great time throughout the trip.
虽然我们有点累,但整个旅行过程中我们都玩得很开心。
8. It was an unforgettable experience that I will remember forever.
这是一次我会永远铭记的难忘经历。
二、核心短语
1. go on vacation 去度假
2. places of interest 名胜古迹
3. take photos 拍照
4. try local food 品尝当地美食
5. have a good time 玩得开心
6. arrive at/in 到达
7. build a sandcastle 堆沙堡
8. enjoy the sunset 欣赏日落
9. buy souvenirs 买纪念品
10. meet new friends 结识新朋友
三、必背范文
A Wonderful Trip to Lijiang
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Unit 2 家庭责任与家务劳动
写作任务
本单元核心话题为“家庭责任与家务劳动”,常见写作任务:以“Doing Housework Is Good for Us”为题阐述做家务的好处并呼吁分担家务;给笔友写一封信介绍自己常做的家务及感受并询问对方情况;描述一次帮父母做家务的经历和收获。
一、常用句式
1. Could you please sweep the floor? 你能扫一下地吗?
2. I want to help my parents with housework on weekends. 我想在周末帮父母做家务。
3. It’s our duty to share housework in the family. 分担家务是我们在家庭中的责任。
4. I usually take out the rubbish and fold the clothes after school. 放学后我通常会倒垃圾、叠衣服。
5. My mother asks me to water plants every morning. 妈妈让我每天早上给植物浇水。
6. Last Sunday, I cleaned up the living room and washed the dishes. 上周日,我打扫了客厅还洗了碗。
7. Doing housework can make us more independent. 做家务能让我们变得更独立。
8. It helps us understand how hard our parents work. 这能帮助我们体会到父母工作的辛苦。
9. Sharing housework is a good way to show our love to family. 分担家务是向家人表达爱意的好方式。
二、核心短语
1. do chores 做家务
2. sweep the floor 扫地
3. take out the rubbish 倒垃圾
4. fold the clothes 叠衣服
5. make the bed 整理床铺
6. do the dishes 洗碗
7. clean up 打扫干净
8. water plants 给植物浇水
9. share housework 分担家务
10. learn to be independent 学会独立
三、必背范文
Doing Housework Is Good for Us
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Unit 3 人物比较(自己与朋友/家人)
写作任务
以对比类说明文形式,分析自己与朋友、家人在性格、外表、爱好、能力等方面的异同,核心运用形容词/副词比较级、原级比较句型,逻辑清晰呈现对比点。
一、常用句式
1. My best friend is Li Ming. He/She is as friendly/quiet as me.
我最好的朋友是李明,他/她和我一样友好/安静。
2. I am more outgoing/active than him/her, while he/she is more careful/patient than me.
我比他/她更外向/活跃,而他/她比我更细心/有耐心。
3. We both like playing sports, but he/she prefers playing basketball and I prefer swimming.
我们都喜欢运动,但他/她更喜欢打篮球,我更喜欢游泳。
4. He/She is better at playing the piano than me, and he/she often helps me practice it.
他/她弹钢琴比我好,而且经常帮我练习。
5. Although we have many differences in hobbies, we still get along well with each other.
虽然我们在爱好上有很多不同,但我们仍然相处得很好。
6. The most obvious difference between us is that he/she likes staying at home, but I enjoy going out with friends.
我们之间最明显的不同是他/她喜欢待在家里,而我喜欢和朋友出去。
7. We are similar to each other in that we both love reading and sharing stories.
我们的相似之处在于都喜欢读书和分享故事。
8. He/She always brings out the best in me, making me more confident in myself.
他/她总能激发我最好的一面,让我对自己更有信心。
二、核心短语
1. be similar to 与……相似
2. be different from 与……不同
3. be good at 擅长
4. prefer to do 更喜欢做
5. get along well 相处融洽
6. bring out the best in sb. 激发某人最好的一面
7. help each other 互相帮助
8. have the same hobby 有相同的爱好
9. stay at home 待在家里
10. go out with friends 和朋友出去
三、必背范文
My Best Friend and Me
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Unit 4 奇妙的动植物与生态保护
写作任务
本单元核心话题为“奇妙的动植物与生态保护”,常见写作任务:以“The Most Amazing Plant I Know”为题介绍一种神奇植物的特征与生长习性;写一份保护野生动植物的校园倡议书;围绕“Wild Animals in Danger”分析野生动物濒危原因并提出保护建议。
一、常用句式
1. Bamboo is one of the fastest-growing plants in the world.
竹子是世界上生长最快的植物之一。
2. The panda is a kind of lovely animal that lives mainly on bamboo.
熊猫是一种主要以竹子为食的可爱
3. This kind of flower can open and close its petals according to the temperature.
这种花能根据温度开合花
4. Many wild animals are in danger because of human activities like cutting down forests.
由于砍伐森林等人类活动,许多野生动物处于濒危状态。
5. Their living areas are becoming smaller and smaller.
它们的生存区域正变得越来越小。
6. Some people hunt wild animals for their fur or meat.
一些人为了皮毛或肉而猎杀野生动物。
7. We should set up more nature reserves to protect wild animals.
我们应该建立更多自然保护区来保护野生动物。
8. It’s important for us to stop polluting the environment.
对我们来说,停止污染环境很重要。
9. We can tell more people about the importance of protecting wild animals.
我们可以告诉更多人保护野生动物的重要性。
二、核心短语
1. the fastest-growing plant 生长最快的植物
2. live mainly on 主要以……为食
3. open and close petals 开合花瓣
4. in danger 处于危险中
5. cut down forests 砍伐森林
6. living areas 生存区域
7. hunt wild animals 猎杀野生动物
8. set up nature reserves 建立自然保护区
9. stop polluting the environment 停止污染环境
10. the importance of ……的重要性
三、必背范文
Wild Animals in Danger
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专题01 Units 1~4 重点词汇句型语法&写作通用表达
Unit 1-4
重点单词
词性
单词
音标
词义
变形
n.
vacation
/vəˈkeɪʃn/
假期
n.
diary
/ˈdaɪəri/
日记
diaries (复数)
n.
photo
/ˈfəʊtəʊ/
照片
photos (复数)
n.
wonder
/ˈwʌndə(r)/
奇观;奇迹
wonders (复数)
n.
weather
/ˈweðə(r)/
天气
n.
chore
/tʃɔː(r)/
家务
chores (复数)
n.
rubbish
/ˈrʌbɪʃ/
垃圾
不可数名词
n.
plant
/plɑːnt/
植物
plants (复数)
n.
dish
/dɪʃ/
盘子
dishes (复数)
n.
prize
/praɪz/
奖品
prizes (复数)
n.
competition
/ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃn/
比赛
competitions (复数)
n.
animal
/ˈænɪml/
动物
animals (复数)
n.
panda
/ˈpændə/
熊猫
pandas (复数)
n.
bamboo
/ˌbæmˈbuː/
竹子
bamboos (复数)
v.
feel
/fiːl/
感觉
felt (过去式/过去分词)
v.
sweep
/swiːp/
扫
swept (过去式/过去分词)
v.
fold
/fəʊld/
折叠
folded (过去式/过去分词)
v.
hang
/hæŋ/
悬挂
hung (过去式/过去分词)
v.
clean
/kliːn/
打扫
cleaned (过去式/过去分词)
v.
invite
/ɪnˈvaɪt/
邀请
invited (过去式/过去分词);invitation (n.)
v.
borrow
/ˈbɒrəʊ/
借入
borrowed (过去式/过去分词)
v.
lend
/lend/
借出
lent (过去式/过去分词)
v.
care
/keə(r)/
关心
cared (过去式/过去分词);careful (adj.)
v.
encourage
/ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ/
鼓励
encouraged (过去式/过去分词);encouragement (n.)
v.
protect
/prəˈtekt/
保护
protected (过去式/过去分词);protection (n.)
v.
depend
/dɪˈpend/
依靠
depended (过去式/过去分词);dependent (adj.)
v.
connect
/kəˈnekt/
连接
connected (过去式/过去分词);connection (n.)
v.
live
/lɪv/
居住
lived (过去式/过去分词);life (n.)
adj.
ancient
/ˈeɪnʃənt/
古老的
adj.
fantastic
/fænˈtæstɪk/
极好的
adj.
important
/ɪmˈpɔːtnt/
重要的
importance (n.)
adj.
tired
/ˈtaɪəd/
疲惫的
tiring (adj. 修饰物)
adj.
excited
/ɪkˈsaɪtɪd/
兴奋的
exciting (adj. 修饰物)
adj.
outgoing
/ˈaʊtɡəʊɪŋ/
外向的
more outgoing (比较级);most outgoing (最高级)
adj.
serious
/ˈsɪəriəs/
严肃的
more serious (比较级);most serious (最高级)
adj.
friendly
/ˈfrendli/
友好的
friendlier (比较级);friendliest (最高级)
adj.
shy
/ʃaɪ/
害羞的
shyer (比较级);shyest (最高级)
adj.
talented
/ˈtæləntɪd/
有天赋的
talent (n.)
adj.
similar
/ˈsɪmələ(r)/
相似的
similarity (n.)
adj.
different
/ˈdɪfrənt/
不同的
difference (n.)
adj.
common
/ˈkɒmən/
共同的
adj.
wild
/waɪld/
野生的
adj.
deep
/diːp/
深的
deeper (比较级);deepest (最高级)
prep.
because of
/bɪˈkɒz əv/
因为
后接名词/代词/动名词
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重点词汇词性转换
1. diary (n. 日记) → diaries (n. 日记,复数)
2. feel (v. 感觉) → felt (v. 感觉,过去式/过去分词)
3. sweep (v. 扫) → swept (v. 扫,过去式/过去分词)
4. hang (v. 悬挂) → hung (v. 悬挂,过去式/过去分词)
5. invite (v. 邀请) → invitation (n. 邀请函); invited (v. 邀请,过去式/过去分词)
6. care (v. 关心) → careful (adj. 小心的); carefully (adv. 小心地); cared (v. 关心,过去式/过去分词)
7. encourage (v. 鼓励) → encouragement (n. 鼓励); encouraged (v. 鼓励,过去式/过去分词)
8. protect (v. 保护) → protection (n. 保护); protected (v. 保护,过去式/过去分词)
9. depend (v. 依靠) → dependent (adj. 依赖的); dependence (n. 依赖); depended (v. 依靠,过去式/过去分词)
10. connect (v. 连接) → connection (n. 联系); connected (v. 连接,过去式/过去分词)
11. live (v. 居住) → life (n. 生活; 生命); lived (v. 居住,过去式/过去分词)
12. important (adj. 重要的) → importance (n. 重要性)
13. tired (adj. 疲惫的) → tiring (adj. 令人疲惫的)
14. excited (adj. 兴奋的) → exciting (adj. 令人兴奋的)
15. outgoing (adj. 外向的) → more outgoing (adj. 更外向的,比较级); most outgoing (adj. 最外向的,最高级)
16. serious (adj. 严肃的) → more serious (adj. 更严肃的,比较级); most serious (adj. 最严肃的,最高级)
17. friendly (adj. 友好的) → friendlier (adj. 更友好的,比较级); friendliest (adj. 最友好的,最高级)
18. shy (adj. 害羞的) → shyer (adj. 更害羞的,比较级); shyest (adj. 最害羞的,最高级)
19. talented (adj. 有天赋的) → talent (n. 天赋)
20. similar (adj. 相似的) → similarity (n. 相似性)
21. different (adj. 不同的) → difference (n. 差异)
重点短语
1. go on vacation 去度假
2. stay at home 待在家里
3. visit ancient buildings 参观古建筑
4. keep a diary 记日记
5. because of 因为
6. feel like doing sth. 想要做某事
7. take photos 拍照
8. find out 查明;弄清
9. have a fantastic time 玩得开心
10. walk around 四处走走
11. something important 重要的事
12. do chores 做家务
13. sweep the floor 扫地
14. take out the rubbish 倒垃圾
15. fold the clothes 叠衣服
16. make the bed 整理床铺
17. do the dishes 洗碗
18. hang up photos 挂照片
19. water plants 给植物浇水
20. clean up 打扫干净
21. invite sb. to sp. 邀请某人去某地
22. borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物
23. give sb. a lift 让某人搭便车
24. more outgoing 更外向
25. as…as… 和……一样
26. be different from 与……不同
27. be similar to 与……相似
28. care about 关心;在意
29. be talented in 在……方面有天赋
30. as long as 只要
31. bring out the best in sb. 使某人展现出最好的一面
32. have…in common 有共同之处
33. the singing competition 歌唱比赛
34. take part in 参加
35. win the first prize 获得一等奖
36. congratulations on 祝贺
37. the fastest-growing plant 生长最快的植物
38. the most useful plant 最有用的植物
39. play a part in 在……中起作用
40. be home to 是……的栖息地
41. a symbol of goodness 美德的象征
42. thousands of 成千上万的
43. protect wild animals 保护野生动物
44. feel free to do sth. 可以随便做某事
45. be connected with 与……有关联
46. lend (sb.) a hand 帮助(某人)
47. depend on 依靠;依赖
48. in the deep sea 在深海里
49. on high mountains 在高山上
50. live in forests 生活在森林里
重点句型
1. Where did you go on vacation? 你去哪里度假了?
I went to the mountains with my family. 我和家人去了山里。
2. Did you do anything interesting there? 你在那里做了有趣的事吗?
Yes, I tried paragliding—it was exciting! 是的,我尝试了滑翔伞,很刺激!
3. How was the weather during your trip? 你旅行时天气怎么样?
4. Did you keep a diary of your holiday? 你记假期日记了吗?
Yes, I wrote down everything I did each day. 是的,我记下了每天做的所有事。
5. Absolutely! The noodles and dumplings tasted great. 当然!面条和饺子太好吃了。
6. I was so bored that I decided to find something to read. 我太无聊了,所以决定找些东西来读。
7. The Russian people built this museum to remember their fight against the Nazis during World War II.
俄罗斯人建造这座博物馆是为了纪念他们二战期间与纳粹的斗争。
8. Could you please water the plants? 你能给植物浇水吗?
Sure. I'll do it right away. 当然,我马上就去做。
9. How often do you do chores? 你多久做一次家务?
I clean my room once a week. 我一周打扫一次房间。
10. I can't wait to show them our new house. 我等不及带他们看我们的新房子了。
11. No matter how long I’m away, home is always glad to see me again.
无论我离开多久,家总是会满心欢喜地迎接我归来。
12. My best friend helps to bring out the best in me. 我最好的朋友帮助我展现出最好的一面。
13. It's not necessary to be the same. 没有必要完全一样。
14. Julie is as slim as me. 朱莉和我一样苗条。
15. My father is much busier than my mother. 我爸爸比我妈妈忙得多。
16. The more careful you are, the more points you will get. 你越细心,得分就越多。
17. Ella dances better than Emma, but Emma sings louder than her. 埃拉跳舞比艾玛好,但艾玛唱歌比她响亮。
18. A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart. 真正的朋友会向你伸出援手,触动你的心灵。
19. We need each other to live, and bees are one of the best examples of this connection.
我们需要彼此才能生存,蜜蜂就是这种关联的最佳例子之一。
20. In fact, without their work, about 80 percent of the plants in the world cannot grow.
事实上,没有它们的劳作,世界上约80%的植物无法生长。
21. Bees play an important part in the ecosystem of our planet.
蜜蜂在地球生态系统中扮演着至关重要的角色。
22. However, the number of bees is dropping, and scientists are worried.
然而,蜜蜂的数量在下降,科学家们都很担心。
23. Blue whales can live up to 90 years. 蓝鲸可以活到90岁。
24. Think about what you can do to protect one of the most amazing animals on earth.
想想你能做些什么来保护地球上最神奇的动物之一。
25. Many people like watching blue whales swim, and they think it is one of the most beautiful things to see.
很多人喜欢看蓝鲸游泳,并且认为这是最值得观赏的美妙景象之一。
重点语法
一般过去时
项目
具体内容
核心功能
表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态
时间标志词
yesterday、last week/month/year、...ago、in+过去年份、just now(刚才)
动词变化
规则变化:
加-ed(play→played)、
e结尾加-d(live→lived)、
辅音+y变i加-ed(study→studied)、
重读闭音节双写尾字母加-ed(stop→stopped);
不规则变化:go→went、have→had、see→saw等
句型结构
肯定句:主语+动词过去式;
否定句:主语+didn’t+动词原形;
疑问句:Did+主语+动词原形;
特殊疑问句:疑问词+did+主语+动词原形
典型例句
肯定:She visited Paris last year.(她去年去了巴黎。);
否定:They didn’t go to the party.(他们没去参加派对。);
疑问:Did you finish your homework?(你完成作业了吗?)
易错点
助动词did后需用动词原形;be动词(was/were)疑问句直接提前,不与实义动词混用
复合不定代词
项目
具体内容
构成形式
Some/Any/Every/No + -thing(指事物)/-body/-one(指人),如something、anyone、everyone、nothing
核心规则
谓语动词用单数;定语需后置(修饰词放代词后);否定用no-系列,避免双重否定
使用场景
some-用于肯定句或期待肯定回答的疑问句;
any-用于否定句、疑问句或肯定句表“任何”;
every-表“全部”;no-表“完全否定”
典型例句
There is something interesting in the book.(书里有有趣的内容。);
Is there anything wrong?(有什么问题吗?);
Everyone likes this story.(每个人都喜欢这个故事。)
易错点
混淆some-和any-的疑问句用法;定语位置放错;主谓不一致用复数谓语
一般现在时
项目
具体内容
核心功能
表示习惯性、经常性的动作或客观事实、常态
搭配词
常与always、usually、often、sometimes、every day/week等频度副词或时间状语连用
动词变化
主语为第三人称单数时,谓语动词加-s/-es(watch→watches、go→goes);
其余人称用动词原形
句型结构
肯定句:主语+动词原形/三单形式;
否定句:主语+don’t/doesn’t+动词原形;
疑问句:Do/Does+主语+动词原形
典型例句
He plays basketball every Saturday.(他每周六打篮球。);
She doesn’t like coffee.(她不喜欢咖啡。);
Do you get up early?(你起得早吗?)
易错点
第三人称单数主语遗漏动词三单变化;否定句/疑问句中未用动词原形
情态动词can/could
对比项目
can
could
表示能力
现在/将来的能力
例:I can swim.
过去的能力
例:She could swim at 5.
表示请求
语气直接、口语化
例:Can I help you?
更委婉、礼貌
例:Could you help me?
表示推测
多用于否定/疑问:can’t 不可能
例:He can’t be late.
委婉猜测(可能)
例:He could be in the office.
否定形式
can’t / cannot
couldn’t / could not
易错点
1. 不能说 can to do,必须是 can do
2. can 没有人称变化,不能说 cans
1. could 表委婉请求时不是过去时
2. could 后也必须加动词原形
形容词比较级
项目
具体内容
核心功能
用于两者之间的比较,表示“更……”“较……”
变化规则
单音节词加-er(tall→taller);
e结尾加-r(nice→nicer);
重读闭音节双写尾字母加-er(thin→thinner);
“辅音+y”变y为i加-er(happy→happier);
多音节词前加more(more outgoing);
不规则变化:good/well→better、bad→worse
常用句型
A+be+比较级+than+B;
比较级+and+比较级(越来越……);
the+比较级,the+比较级(越……越……)
修饰词
可被much、a lot、a little、even等修饰,如much taller(高得多)、a little earlier(早一点)
典型例句
Tom is taller than Jim.(汤姆比吉姆高。);
The weather is getting colder and colder.(天气越来越冷。);
She is more outgoing than her sister.(她比她姐姐外向。)
易错点
多音节词直接加-er;不规则变化混淆;比较级前误用very修饰
原级比较
项目
具体内容
核心功能
表示两者在某方面“相同”或“不同”,不涉及比较等级差异
常用句型
肯定式:as+原级+as(和……一样);
否定式:not as/so+原级+as(不如……)
句型特点
as...as中间必须用形容词/副词原级,不可用比较级或最高级
典型例句
She is as quiet as her brother.(她和她哥哥一样安静。);
He isn’t so tall as his father.(他不如他爸爸高。);
This pen writes as smoothly as that one.(这支笔和那支笔写起来一样流畅。)
易错点
否定式中混淆as与so的用法;中间误用比较级形式(如as taller as)
形容词/副词最高级
项目
具体内容
核心功能
用于三者及以上的比较,表示“最……”
变化规则
单音节词加-est(short→shortest);
e结尾加-st(fine→finest);
重读闭音节双写尾字母加-est(big→biggest);
多音节词前加most(most beautiful);
不规则变化:good/well→best、bad→worst
常用句型
主语+be+the+形容词最高级+in/of短语;
one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数(最……之一);
the+序数词+形容词最高级(第几最……)
典型例句
This is the best movie theater in town.(这是镇上最好的电影院。);
She runs the fastest in our class.(她在我们班跑得最快。);
Beijing is one of the most beautiful cities in China.(北京是中国最美的城市之一。)
易错点
遗漏定冠词the;多音节词直接加-est;副词最高级多余the(可省略)
选择疑问句
项目
具体内容
核心功能
用于在两个或多个选项中提问,询问“哪一个……”
结构形式
疑问词+一般疑问句;
选项用or连接,可接名词、代词或从句
回答方式
不用yes/no回答,直接选择其中一个选项作答
典型例句
Which is cheaper, the red shirt or the blue one?(红衬衫和蓝衬衫,哪个更便宜?);
What’s the best way to go to school, by bus, by bike or on foot?(上学的最佳方式是什么,乘公交、骑自行车还是步行?)
易错点
回答时误用yes/no;选项之间缺少or连接;句子末尾用问号而非句号
单元写作通用表达&范文背诵
Unit 1 假期旅行经历
写作任务
围绕“过去的假期旅行”展开记叙文写作,需清晰说明旅行的时间、地点、同行人员、具体活动及个人感受,核心是正确运用一般过去时,完整呈现事件要素与逻辑顺序。
一、常用句式
1. Last summer vacation/winter holiday, I went to... with my parents/friends.
去年暑假/寒假,我和父母/朋友一起去了……
2. We took a plane/train/bus to get there, and the journey was really wonderful/relaxing.
我们乘飞机/火车/公交车去的那里,旅途非常愉快/放松。
3. When we arrived, the weather was sunny/windy/cool, which made us feel happy.
我们到达时,天气晴朗/有风/凉爽,让我们心情愉悦。
4. During the trip, we visited famous scenic spots, took a lot of photos and tasted delicious local food.
旅行期间,我们参观了著名景点,拍了很多照片,还品尝了美味的当地美食。
5. What impressed me most was the beautiful scenery and the friendly local people.
最让我印象深刻的是美丽的风景和友好的当地人。
6. I felt so excited because I tried something new like paragliding/riding a horse.
我感到非常兴奋,因为我尝试了滑翔伞/骑马这样的新鲜事物。
7. Although we were a little tired, we had a great time throughout the trip.
虽然我们有点累,但整个旅行过程中我们都玩得很开心。
8. It was an unforgettable experience that I will remember forever.
这是一次我会永远铭记的难忘经历。
二、核心短语
1. go on vacation 去度假
2. places of interest 名胜古迹
3. take photos 拍照
4. try local food 品尝当地美食
5. have a good time 玩得开心
6. arrive at/in 到达
7. build a sandcastle 堆沙堡
8. enjoy the sunset 欣赏日落
9. buy souvenirs 买纪念品
10. meet new friends 结识新朋友
三、必背范文
A Wonderful Trip to Lijiang
Last winter holiday, I went to Lijiang in Yunnan with my best friend Lucy. We took a plane there, and the journey took about three hours. When we arrived, the air was fresh and the scenery was breathtaking—there were snow-capped mountains in the distance and ancient streets lined with wooden houses.
During our five-day trip, we did many interesting things. On the first day, we visited the Old Town of Lijiang. We walked on the stone roads, visited traditional courtyards, and listened to the sound of running water from the streams along the streets. We also tried Yunnan rice noodles and roasted yogurt, which were delicious. On the second day, we went to Jade Dragon Snow Mountain. We took a cable car to the halfway point and walked up the rest of the way. Although the air was thin and we felt a little tired, the view from the top was totally worth it—white snow covered the mountains, and the sky was so blue. We took a lot of photos to remember this amazing moment. In the evening, we watched a local dance show, which showed the culture of the Naxi people.
On our last day, we bought some souvenirs like hand-painted fans and silver jewelry for our families. When we left Lijiang, I felt a little sad because I didn’t want to leave this beautiful place. It was an unforgettable trip that taught me a lot about different cultures. I will always remember the friendly people, delicious food, and stunning scenery of Lijiang.
Unit 2 家庭责任与家务劳动
写作任务
本单元核心话题为“家庭责任与家务劳动”,常见写作任务:以“Doing Housework Is Good for Us”为题阐述做家务的好处并呼吁分担家务;给笔友写一封信介绍自己常做的家务及感受并询问对方情况;描述一次帮父母做家务的经历和收获。
一、常用句式
1. Could you please sweep the floor? 你能扫一下地吗?
2. I want to help my parents with housework on weekends. 我想在周末帮父母做家务。
3. It’s our duty to share housework in the family. 分担家务是我们在家庭中的责任。
4. I usually take out the rubbish and fold the clothes after school. 放学后我通常会倒垃圾、叠衣服。
5. My mother asks me to water plants every morning. 妈妈让我每天早上给植物浇水。
6. Last Sunday, I cleaned up the living room and washed the dishes. 上周日,我打扫了客厅还洗了碗。
7. Doing housework can make us more independent. 做家务能让我们变得更独立。
8. It helps us understand how hard our parents work. 这能帮助我们体会到父母工作的辛苦。
9. Sharing housework is a good way to show our love to family. 分担家务是向家人表达爱意的好方式。
二、核心短语
1. do chores 做家务
2. sweep the floor 扫地
3. take out the rubbish 倒垃圾
4. fold the clothes 叠衣服
5. make the bed 整理床铺
6. do the dishes 洗碗
7. clean up 打扫干净
8. water plants 给植物浇水
9. share housework 分担家务
10. learn to be independent 学会独立
三、必背范文
Doing Housework Is Good for Us
Now many students don’t like doing housework at home. They think it’s their parents’ job. But I think doing housework is good for us.
First, doing housework can make us more independent. We can’t depend on our parents all the time. We should learn to look after ourselves. Second, it helps us keep healthy and strong. For example, sweeping the floor and folding clothes are good exercise. Third, doing housework can make our parents happy. They work hard every day. If we help them with housework, they will feel relaxed.
In a word, doing housework is not only a kind of responsibility, but also a kind of ability. Let’s start doing housework from now on!
Unit 3 人物比较(自己与朋友/家人)
写作任务
以对比类说明文形式,分析自己与朋友、家人在性格、外表、爱好、能力等方面的异同,核心运用形容词/副词比较级、原级比较句型,逻辑清晰呈现对比点。
一、常用句式
1. My best friend is Li Ming. He/She is as friendly/quiet as me.
我最好的朋友是李明,他/她和我一样友好/安静。
2. I am more outgoing/active than him/her, while he/she is more careful/patient than me.
我比他/她更外向/活跃,而他/她比我更细心/有耐心。
3. We both like playing sports, but he/she prefers playing basketball and I prefer swimming.
我们都喜欢运动,但他/她更喜欢打篮球,我更喜欢游泳。
4. He/She is better at playing the piano than me, and he/she often helps me practice it.
他/她弹钢琴比我好,而且经常帮我练习。
5. Although we have many differences in hobbies, we still get along well with each other.
虽然我们在爱好上有很多不同,但我们仍然相处得很好。
6. The most obvious difference between us is that he/she likes staying at home, but I enjoy going out with friends.
我们之间最明显的不同是他/她喜欢待在家里,而我喜欢和朋友出去。
7. We are similar to each other in that we both love reading and sharing stories.
我们的相似之处在于都喜欢读书和分享故事。
8. He/She always brings out the best in me, making me more confident in myself.
他/她总能激发我最好的一面,让我对自己更有信心。
二、核心短语
1. be similar to 与……相似
2. be different from 与……不同
3. be good at 擅长
4. prefer to do 更喜欢做
5. get along well 相处融洽
6. bring out the best in sb. 激发某人最好的一面
7. help each other 互相帮助
8. have the same hobby 有相同的爱好
9. stay at home 待在家里
10. go out with friends 和朋友出去
三、必背范文
My Best Friend and Me
My best friend is Zhang Hao, and we have been classmates since primary school. Although we are good friends, we are quite different in many ways, but we also have some similarities.
First, in terms of personality, I am more outgoing than Zhang Hao. I like making new friends and taking part in different activities, while Zhang Hao is quieter and more careful. He prefers staying at home reading books or doing puzzles in his free time. Second, our hobbies are different. I am crazy about sports, especially playing football. I play football with my friends every weekend. Zhang Hao, however, likes playing the piano. He has played the piano for five years and is very good at it. He often plays piano music for me, and I always enjoy listening to it. Third, our study strengths are different. I am better at math and science, while Zhang Hao does well in Chinese and English. We often help each other with our studies—he teaches me how to write better Chinese compositions, and I help him solve difficult math problems.
Despite these differences, we have some similarities. We both like reading history books and watching documentaries. We also both believe that honesty is the most important thing in friendship. Whenever we have problems, we talk to each other and try to solve them together. Zhang Hao always brings out the best in me—he makes me more patient and careful. I am lucky to have such a good friend. I hope our friendship will last forever.
Unit 4 奇妙的动植物与生态保护
写作任务
本单元核心话题为“奇妙的动植物与生态保护”,常见写作任务:以“The Most Amazing Plant I Know”为题介绍一种神奇植物的特征与生长习性;写一份保护野生动植物的校园倡议书;围绕“Wild Animals in Danger”分析野生动物濒危原因并提出保护建议。
一、常用句式
1. Bamboo is one of the fastest-growing plants in the world.
竹子是世界上生长最快的植物之一。
2. The panda is a kind of lovely animal that lives mainly on bamboo.
熊猫是一种主要以竹子为食的可爱
3. This kind of flower can open and close its petals according to the temperature.
这种花能根据温度开合花
4. Many wild animals are in danger because of human activities like cutting down forests.
由于砍伐森林等人类活动,许多野生动物处于濒危状态。
5. Their living areas are becoming smaller and smaller.
它们的生存区域正变得越来越小。
6. Some people hunt wild animals for their fur or meat.
一些人为了皮毛或肉而猎杀野生动物。
7. We should set up more nature reserves to protect wild animals.
我们应该建立更多自然保护区来保护野生动物。
8. It’s important for us to stop polluting the environment.
对我们来说,停止污染环境很重要。
9. We can tell more people about the importance of protecting wild animals.
我们可以告诉更多人保护野生动物的重要性。
二、核心短语
1. the fastest-growing plant 生长最快的植物
2. live mainly on 主要以……为食
3. open and close petals 开合花瓣
4. in danger 处于危险中
5. cut down forests 砍伐森林
6. living areas 生存区域
7. hunt wild animals 猎杀野生动物
8. set up nature reserves 建立自然保护区
9. stop polluting the environment 停止污染环境
10. the importance of ……的重要性
三、必背范文
Wild Animals in Danger
Many wild animals are in danger now. The main reason is human activities. People cut down a lot of forests, so the animals have no place to live. Some people also hunt them for money.
Wild animals are our friends. They play an important role in the ecosystem. To save them, we should set up more nature reserves. We also need to stop buying products made from wild animals. What’s more, we can ask our friends and family to join in the protection.
Let’s act now to save wild animals. Together, we can make a big difference.
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