Unit 5 Section Ⅱ Lesson 1（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册（北师大版）

[对应知能达标训练P23] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Knowing that you are rather keen on Chinese poetry(诗词)，I'm writing to invite you to go with me.(应用文之邀请信) 2．Very quietly but determinedly she waved(挥手) goodbye to him and went alone.(动作描写) 3．During the special period，we had to survive (活下来) on very little. 4．He serves the public heart and soul(灵魂)，regardless of his personal gain or loss.(人物描写) 5．The next following days，she felt like she was floating(漂浮) in an ocean of sadness，not wanting to do anything.(比喻句) 6．Every file (档案) on the same disk must have a different name. 7．Don't put the glass so near the edge (边缘) of the table. 8．It was a complete mystery (难以理解的事) to me why they chose him to do the job. 9．The boy was frightened (害怕的) at the great noise at midnight. 10．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations(观察) of different species with the aid of a mobile application. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．He behaved as if nothing had happened (happen). 2．The director had her assistant pick up some hot dogs for the meeting. 3．I don't feel equal to doing (do) the job. 4．The less careful you are，the more (many) mistakes you will make. 5．(译林选必一U3)The first time I saw her，I was struck by her beautiful smile. 6．Charles often attempts to escape being fined (fine) whenever he breaks traffic regulations. 7．In other words，the way to stay stable through the process of change is by changing，at least to some extent. 8．They can survive on very little money. 9．We didn't know why the machine stopped all at once. 10．People all over the world recognise Mao Zedong as a great man. Ⅲ.完成句子 1．Do you remember that time she picked up my daughter when I was ill? 你还记得我生病的时候她去接我女儿吗？ 2．I wrote my wish on a piece of cloth and tied it to the tree． 我把我的愿望写在一块布上，然后把它绑在树上。 3．This text is adapted from a story in Chinese literature. 这篇文章改编自中国文学中的一个故事。 4．My garden was covered with so many butterflies that I could hardly see the flowers. 我的花园里飞满了许多蝴蝶，使我几乎看不见那些花。 5．The giant panda is known as a national treasure of China． 大熊猫被称为中国的国宝。 Ⅳ.课文语法填空 About three years ago，the storyteller experienced a horrible storm，1.which had broken his body and soul.One day，he was out fishing around some islands with his two brothers when the sky 2.was covered (cover) with clouds.They were in a terrible storm in less than a minute.His younger brother fell into the sea.He and his elder brother were pushed 3.in the direction of the whirlpool and went round and round.It may appear strange，but at that moment，when they were on the edge of the whirlpool，he felt 4.calmer (calm) than when they were moving towards it.After 5.a while，he made three important 6.observations (observe).7.Based (base) on what he had found，he tied himself to a barrel，which helped him to float.Although he tried 8.to make (make) his elder brother understand that he should do the same，his brother was too 9.frightened (frighten) and stayed in the heavy boat.10.Finally (final)，the storyteller was saved. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·辽宁铁岭高一上阶段练习)Tokyo University researchers Yuya Sakai and Kota Machida have developed a technology to turn food waste into edible “cement” (可食用“水泥”) to build things.It's the world's first process for making cement completely from food waste.The researchers say the strength of their product is nearly four times as great as that of ordinary concrete (混凝土). Sakai，with his student Machida，developed the technology while researching sustainable (可持续的) materials that could take the place of cement­based concrete.Previous tests using food waste to make cement required plastics to be mixed in to get the materials to stick together.After months of failures，they realized they could get the cement to form by changing the temperature and pressure used.“The most challenging part was that each type of food waste requires different temperatures and pressure levels，” Sakai said. Sakai and Machida say they have successfully made cement using tea leaves，orange and onion skins，coffee grounds and even lunchbox leftovers.By adding different spices (香料)，the color，smell and taste of the cement can be quite nice.To prevent water from going through the cement and protect it from being eaten by animals and insects，it might be coated with special paint.To be able to eat the material，a person would need to break it into pieces and cook them in water，Sakai said. Sakai says the process could be used to make edible emergency housing for disasters.“For example，if food cannot be sent to the people in disaster areas，they could eat beds made out of food cement，” he said. Machida started a company called Fabula Inc.this year with two of his childhood friends.They are working with other companies to make articles for daily use out of food cement，such as cups，forks，spoons，tables and beds. The food cement can be reused and is biodegradable，so it can be buried when it is no longer needed.“Our best hope is that this cement takes the place of plastic products and other cement products，which have worse environmental effects，” said Machida. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了东京大学研究人员开发的一项新技术，即将食物垃圾转化为可食用的“水泥”来建造物品，并详细阐述了这项技术的特点、制作过程、应用场景以及环保意义。 1．According to the first paragraph，the edible cement ． A．is not the first of its kind B．is widely used in buildings C．is fully made out of food waste D．is not as hard as ordinary concrete 解析　C　细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Tokyo University researchers Yuya Sakai and Kota Machida have developed a technology to turn food waste into edible ‘cement’ (可食用‘水泥’) to build things.It's the world's first process for making cement completely from food waste.(东京大学的研究人员Yuya Sakai和Kota Machida开发了一项技术，可以将食物垃圾转化为可食用的‘水泥’来建造物品。这是世界上第一种完全由食物垃圾制成的水泥制造过程。)”可知，可食用水泥是完全由食物垃圾制成的。故选C。 2．What is the most difficult part of making the cement? A．To make it look，smell and taste good. B．To prevent it from being eaten by animals. C．The process of choosing which materials can be used. D．The need to treat different materials in different ways. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据文章第二段“‘The most challenging part was that each type of food waste requires different temperatures and pressure levels，’ Sakai said.(‘最具挑战性的是，每种类型的食物垃圾都需要不同的温度和压力水平，’Sakai说。)”可知，制作这种水泥最困难的部分是需要以不同的方式处理不同的材料。故选D。 3．What is Sakai and Machida's attitude to the future of the cement? A．Worried. B．Carefree. C．Positive. D．Uncertain. 解析　C　推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Sakai says the process could be used to make edible emergency housing for disasters.( Sakai表示，该过程可用于制造可食用的应急住房以应对灾害。)”以及第五段“Machida started a company called Fabula Inc.this year with two of his childhood friends.They are working with other companies to make articles for daily use out of food cement，such as cups，forks，spoons，tables and beds.(Machida今年与他的两位童年好友一起创办了一家名为Fabula Inc.的公司。他们正在与其他公司合作，使用食物水泥制造日常用品，如杯子、叉子、勺子、桌子和床。)”可知，Sakai和Machida正在积极研究、推广和应用这种水泥。由此推知，他们对这种水泥的未来持积极态度。故选C。 4．What is the purpose of the text? A．To ask people to save food. B．To promote the use of cement. C．To introduce a new green technology. D．To encourage people to support a company. 解析　C　推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Tokyo University researchers Yuya Sakai and Kota Machida have developed a technology to turn food waste into edible ‘cement’ (可食用‘水泥’) to build things.It's the world's first process for making cement completely from food waste.The researchers say the strength of their product is nearly four times as great as that of ordinary concrete (混凝土).(东京大学的研究人员Yuya Sakai和Kota Machida开发了一项技术，可以将食物垃圾转化为可食用的‘水泥’来建造物品。这是世界上第一种完全由食物垃圾制成的水泥制造过程。研究人员表示，他们产品的强度几乎是普通混凝土的近四倍。)”可知，文章详细介绍了东京大学研究人员开发的一种新技术，该技术能够将食物垃圾转化为可食用的“水泥”，并强调了其环保意义和应用前景。由此推知，文章主要目的是介绍一种新的绿色环保技术。故选C。 B (2025·广东江门高一上阶段练习)It was February 2023，and Tropical Cyclone Gabrielle had been hitting New Zealand for days.While I was making breakfast for my husband Matty and my son Morgan，the power suddenly went out.Looking out the window，I saw a sea of dirty chocolate brown. In 20 minutes，our front yard was underwater.We put old clothes under the door to stop the water，but it didn't work.Morgan lives with autism (孤独症) and didn't understand what was happening.Within 45 minutes，floodwater moved quickly into our home.“We have to get Morgan up on the roof (房顶)！” Matty said.As we held the ladder steady (把梯子扶稳)，Morgan carefully climbed up onto the wet roof.“Keep dry with your umbrella！” I told my boy.With Morgan on the roof，Matty and I tried to put valuable things onto higher levels.The water was now higher.“Get on the roof！” Matty shouted.With Matty holding the ladder steady，I made my way up.With the water reaching up to Matty's neck，the ladder was carried away by it.I tried my best to pull him up. We could see our neighbours about 40 metres away on their roof.“Are we going to die，Mum？” Morgan cried.“We will be okay.We just have to wait it out，” I said.Far away I could hear helicopters.I waved hard，but no one was coming for us.Finally，at 2：30 p.m.，I noticed a bar of reception (一格信号) on my phone.Madly calling 911，I said，“We need someone now！” An hour later，a helicopter landed in the middle of the roof，and we all carefully climbed in. The floodwaters went down，and a few days later，Matty and I visited our house.It looked terrible and smelled awful.We were able to get back a few things，such as Matty's bikes.Three weeks later，we found a new place to live.We didn't have much but felt so glad to be alive. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一家人在热带气旋导致的洪水灾害中的经历，包括洪水来袭时的紧急应对措施、在屋顶等待救援的紧张过程以及灾后重建生活的情景。 5．What happened around breakfast time? A．The electricity failed. B．The window was broken. C．The strong wind weakened. D．The sea nearby kept rising. 解析　A　细节理解题。根据文章第一段“While I was making breakfast for my husband Matty and my son Morgan，the power suddenly went out.(当我正在为丈夫Matty和儿子Morgan做早餐时，突然停电了。)”可知，早餐时间发生了电力故障。故选A。 6．What did the author do after getting Morgan on the roof? A．She dried her valuable things. B．She went back to get an umbrella. C．She positioned the ladder in a different place. D．She moved some prized things to safer places. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据文章第二段“With Morgan on the roof，Matty and I tried to put valuable things onto higher levels.(Morgan上了屋顶后，Matty和我试着把贵重物品放到更高的地方。)”可知，作者把Morgan弄到屋顶上之后，把一些珍贵的东西搬到了更安全的地方。故选D。 7．What can we say about the author on the roof? A．She showed care for her neighbours. B．She asked for help actively. C．She got completely lost. D．She calmed herself. 解析　B　细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Far away I could hear helicopters.I waved hard，but no one was coming for us.Finally，at 2：30 p.m.，I noticed a bar of reception (一格信号) on my phone.Madly calling 911，I said，‘We need someone now！’ An hour later，a helicopter landed in the middle of the roof，and we all carefully climbed in.(远处，我能听到直升机的声音。我使劲挥手，但没有人过来救我们。终于，在下午2点30分，我注意到手机上有一格信号。我疯狂地拨打911，说：‘我们现在需要人救援！’一个小时后，一架直升机降落在屋顶中央，我们小心翼翼地爬了进去。)”可知，作者在屋顶的时候积极寻求帮助。故选B。 8．How did the author feel after the flood? A．Regretful. B．Surprised. C．Lucky. D．Tired. 解析　C　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Three weeks later，we found a new place to live.We didn't have much but felt so glad to be alive.(三个星期后，我们找到了一个新住处。我们虽然没什么财产，但能活下来就感到很庆幸。)”可知，作者一家三周后在别处找到了住处，虽然他们没什么财产，但能活下来就感到很庆幸，这说明作者感到幸运。故选C。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2025·山西朔州高一上检测)A pair of best friends from Texas are proving adventure doesn't have an age limit－even when you're 81.Elie Hamby and Sandy Hazelip，encouraged by Jules Verne's novel Around the World in 80 Days，are on a(n) 1 to see seven continents (大陆) in just over two and a half months. Their first stop was a place that eludes (使达不到) even many 2 travellers: Antarctica.Getting to the southernmost continent first required 3 the Drake Passage，the extremely rough waters.“For almost two days，we were a slipping and sliding (跌落并下滑)，which was a 4 ，” Hamby said.“But when we stepped on the Antarctic，we 5 all of that.The beauty of the Antarctic is just unbelievable and 6 ．” Over the past three months，the pair have 7 camels in Egypt，met elephants in Bali，and danced in Nepal.But for Hamby，the best 8 of the trip was the people they met along the way. And they shared an important piece of 9 for travellers who worried about the language barrier on their own adventures.Hamby said，“There's one language: 10 ．We found that 11 because we were often aware there was not English spoken.But a smile 12 all languages.” They also encouraged other older travellers not to let age 13 them.She said，“Get up out of your easy chair， 14 your comfort zone，make some changes and live.Remember that age is only a 15 ．” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述的是两位来自得克萨斯州的81岁老友，Elie Hamby和Sandy Hazelip，受到Jules Verne小说《八十天环游地球》的启发，展开了一场在两个半月多一点的时间内游览七大洲的冒险之旅。 1．A.trip B．article C．honour D．example 解析　A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：在Jules Verne的小说《80天环游世界》的鼓舞下，Elie Hamby和Sandy Hazelip在两个半月的时间里踏上了七大洲之旅。A.trip旅行；B.article文章；C.honour荣誉；D.example例子。根据下文“to see seven continents”可知，Elie Hamby和Sandy Hazelip是去旅行。故选A。 2．A.new B．experienced C．rich D．elderly 解析　B　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们的第一站是一个连很多有经验的旅行者都不敢去的地方：南极洲。A.new新的；B.experienced有经验的；C.rich富有的；D.elderly老年的。根据下文“Antarctica”和“the extremely rough waters”可知，南极洲是一个连很多有经验的旅行者都不敢去的地方。故选B。 3．A.leaving B．researching C．crossing D．searching 解析　C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：要到达最南端的大陆，首先要穿过Drake Passage，这是一片波涛汹涌的水域。A.leaving离开；B.researching研究；C.crossing穿过；D.searching搜索。根据上文“Getting to the southernmost continent”和下文“the Drake Passage，the extremely rough waters”可知，他们要达到最南端的大陆，首先要穿过Drake Passage。故选C。 4．A.shock B．memory C．try D．challenge 解析　D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：“在将近两天的时间里，我们一直处于不断滑倒的状态，这是一个挑战，”Hamby说。A.shock震惊；B.memory记忆；C.try尝试；D.challenge挑战。根据上文“For almost two days，we were a slipping and sliding”可知，他们不断滑倒，因此这对他们来说是一个挑战。故选D。 5．A.reviewed B．forgot C．changed D．found 解析　B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是当我们踏上南极时，我们忘记了这一切。A.reviewed复习；B.forgot忘记；C.changed改变；D.found发现。根据下文“The beauty of the Antarctic is just unbelievable”可知，作者看到南极很美，就忘记了之前不停滑倒的事情。故选B。 6．A.amazing B．funny C．powerful D．priceless 解析　A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：南极的美丽令人难以置信，令人惊叹。A.amazing令人惊叹的；B.funny有趣的；C.powerful强大的；D.priceless无价的。根据上文“The beauty of the Antarctic is just unbelievable”可知，南极的美丽令人难以置信，令人惊叹。故选A。 7．A.sold B．raised C．bought D．ridden 解析　D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的三个月里，这两人在埃及骑过骆驼，在巴厘岛见过大象，在尼泊尔跳舞。A.sold卖；B.raised提高；C.bought买；D.ridden骑。根据下文“camels in Egypt”可知，此处是指骑骆驼。故选D。 8．A.day B．problem C．part D．education 解析　C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：但对Hamby来说，这次旅行最精彩的部分是他们一路上遇到的人。A.day一天；B.problem问题；C.part部分；D.education教育。根据下文“the people they met along the way”可知，这次旅行最精彩的部分是他们一路上遇到的人。故选C。 9．A.advice B．warning C．news D．plan 解析　A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们还分享了一条重要的建议，给那些在自己的冒险中担心语言障碍的旅行者。A.advice建议；B.warning警告；C.news新闻；D.plan计划。根据上文“they shared an important piece of”和下文“for travellers who worried about the language barrier on their own adventures”可知，此处表示他们还分享了一条重要的建议。故选A。 10．A.body B．smile C．English D．silence 解析　B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：世界上有一种语言：微笑。A.body身体；B.smile微笑；C.English英语；D.silence安静。根据下文“But a smile”和“all languages”可知，世界上有一种语言，就是微笑。故选B。 11．A.worked B．appeared C．failed D．worsened 解析　A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们发现这很有效，因为我们经常意识到没有人说英语。A.worked有效；B.appeared出现；C.failed失败；D.worsened(使)更糟。根据下文“because we were often aware there was not English spoken”可知，没有人说英语，那么微笑就会很起作用，空处应用“有效”。故选A 12．A.creates B．decides C．covers D．ends 解析　C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是微笑可以覆盖所有的语言。A.creates创造；B.decides决定；C.covers覆盖；D.ends结束。根据上文“there was not English spoken”和下文“all languages”可知，没有人说英语，微笑能覆盖所有的语言。故选C。 13．A.help B．stop C．push D．hurt 解析　B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们还鼓励其他年长的旅行者不要让年龄阻碍他们。A.help帮助；B.stop停止；C.push推；D.hurt伤害。根据下文“Get up out of your easy chair”可知，他们鼓励老年的旅行者不要被年龄阻碍，空处应用“停止”。故选B。 14．A.go back to B．miss out on C．step out of D．break in to 解析　C　考查动词短语辨析。句意：从安乐椅上站起来，走出你的舒适区，做出一些改变，好好生活。A.go back to回到；B.miss out on错过；C.step out of走出；D.break in to闯入。根据下文“make some changes”可知，此处是指要走出舒适区。故选C。 15．A.record B．number C．dream D．reason 解析　B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：记住，年龄只是一个数字。A.record记录；B.number数字；C.dream梦想；D.reason原因。根据上文“age”以及两位来自得克萨斯州的81岁老友的冒险可知，此处表示年龄只是一个数字。故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $