考前押题01 教材语法单句填空100题（期末复习专项训练）高一英语上学期沪教版

考前押题01 教材语法单句填空100题(期末专项训练) 话题1 现在进行时被动 话题4 定语从句关系副词（常考点） 话题2 过去将来时 话题5 省略句 话题3 定语从句关系代词（常考点） 话题6 -ing/-ed形式作定语 考点1 现在进行时被动 1. The ancient temple ________ (repair) by workers now because of its poor condition. 2. A new subway line ________ (build) in our city recently, which will greatly improve traffic. 3. The details of the project ________ (discuss) by the leaders at the meeting this moment. 4. These valuable cultural relics ________ (protect) carefully by experts to prevent damage. 5. The final exam paper ________ (check) by teachers these days to ensure fairness. 6. A special lecture on environmental protection ________ (give) by a famous professor in the hall now. 7. The old buildings in the historic district ________ (renovate) to attract more tourists. 8. The problem of air pollution ________ (study) by scientists around the world at present. 9. The letters from the readers ________ (reply) by the editor this week. 10. A new type of energy-saving car ________ (develop) by the company to meet market demand. 11. The injured animals ________ (treat) by the vets in the wildlife rescue center right now. 12. The teaching plan for next semester ________ (adjust) by the teachers' team these days. 13. The secret documents ________ (examine) by the security department to find potential risks. 14. A big party ________ (prepare) for the school's 50th anniversary this month. 15. The lost child ________ (search) by the police and local residents everywhere now. 16. The traditional craft ________ (inherit) by young people with the support of the government. 17. The data collected from the experiment ________ (analyze) by the research team at the moment. 18. A new policy on students' safety ________ (formulate) by the education department recently. 19. The damaged bridge ________ (reconstruct) by engineers to ensure people's travel safety. 20. The popular novel ________ (adapt) into a TV series by a famous director now. 考点2 过去将来时 1. He said he ________ (come) to see me the next day. 2. My mother told me that she ________ (buy) a new dress for me on my birthday. 3. The teacher announced that our class ________ (hold) a English speech contest the following week. 4. I didn't know if she ________ (accept) my invitation to the party. 5. They promised that they ________ (finish) the project before the end of last month. 6. She asked me when I ________ (leave) for Beijing the next morning. 7. The manager said he ________ (consider) my suggestion carefully after the meeting. 8. I thought my brother ________ (help) me with my homework, but he didn't. 9. He told us that the train ________ (arrive) at the station in half an hour. 10. We were sure that our team ________ (win) the football match that afternoon. 11. She said she ________ (not go) to the cinema with us because she had to study. 12. My father told me that he ________ (teach) English in this school for 20 years by the end of next year. 13. I wondered if they ________ (prepare) enough food for the picnic the next day. 14. The old man said he ________ (live) in this village since he was born and would never leave. 15. She informed us that the company ________ (launch) a new product the next quarter. 16. I didn't think that he ________ (keep) his promise to help me. 17. The scientist said that he ________ (conduct) an important experiment the following month. 18. They told me that they ________ (travel) to Australia the summer before last. 19. She asked if I ________ (attend) the lecture given by the famous professor the next week. 20. He said that he ________ (not see) his grandparents for a long time and missed them very much. 考点3 定语从句关系代词（常考点） 1. The old temple, ______ roof was damaged in the storm, is now under repair. 2. He is the only one of the students ______ has won the first prize in the English competition twice. 3. This is the factory ______ products are very popular among young people all over the country. 4. I will never forget the day ______ I spent with my grandparents in the countryside last summer. 5. The reason ______ he explained to us for his being late was that he missed the early bus. 6. Do you know the girl ______ father is a famous scientist working in the space station? 7. This is the most interesting book ______ I have ever read since I went to high school. 8. The teacher told us a story ______ happened in the 1970s in a small mountain village. 9. I have bought the same dress ______ she is wearing today. 10. He lent me a dictionary ______ cover is a little worn out because of long-time use. 11. The boy with ______ I played basketball yesterday afternoon is my deskmate. 12. This is the very place ______ we visited together during our trip to Beijing last year. 13. There are few films ______ can move me deeply like this one. 14. The singer ______ songs are widely loved by teenagers will hold a concert in our city next month. 15. I don't like the way ______ he speaks to his parents, which is quite impolite. 16. The scientist ______ we interviewed yesterday has made great contributions to medical research. 17. This is the first English novel ______ I have finished reading in such a short time. 18. She showed me the letter ______ her brother sent to her from abroad last week. 19. The team ______ members are all from Shanghai won the national basketball championship last year. 20. Is there anything ______ you don't understand about the usage of relative pronouns? 考点4 定语从句关系副词（常考点） 1. This is the village ______ I spent my childhood and made many lifelong friends. 2. I still remember the day ______ I first met my English teacher, who has influenced me a lot. 3. There are many reasons ______ students should develop good learning habits at an early age. 4. The reason ______ he failed the final exam was that he devoted too much time to playing online games. 5. We visited the factory ______ mobile phones are produced in large quantities every year. 6. Do you know the office ______ our head teacher usually works and holds meetings? 7. I can't forget the moment ______ the whole class cheered for my successful speech. 8. Is this the museum ______ you visited the special exhibition of ancient paintings last month? 9. The period ______ children learn to speak their mother tongue is crucial for language development. 10. There is no doubt that the time ______ we spend together with family is the most precious. 11. This is the stadium ______ the opening ceremony of the school sports meeting will be held next week. 12. The reason ______ she refused to accept the invitation hasn't been explained to us yet. 13. I will never forget the year ______ I studied abroad and experienced different cultures. 14. Do you know the reason ______ English has become an international language? 15. The hotel ______ we stayed during the summer vacation offered excellent service and delicious food. 16. The moment ______ the national flag was raised made all the audience feel proud and excited. 17. This is the research center ______ scientists are doing experiments on new energy vehicles. 18. There are several factors ______ contribute to the improvement of students' academic performance. 19. I still remember the place ______ we had a picnic last spring, where the flowers were in full bloom. 20. The reason ______ he was absent from the important meeting was not clear to anyone in the company. 考点5 省略句 1. Though ______ (defeat) many times, the player didn't lose heart and kept training hard. 2. He is always the first student ______ (arrive) at school and the last ______ (leave) every day. 3. —Have you finished your homework? —Not yet. I'll do it as soon as ______ (possible). 4. The meeting ______ (hold) tomorrow is of great importance, so we must attend it on time. 5. ______ (not know) what to do next, she turned to her teacher for help. 6. He would rather stay at home than ______ (go) out with his friends on rainy days. 7. The book is said ______ (translate) into several foreign languages since it was published. 8. ______ (give) more time, we could have finished the task much better. 9. —Why didn't you join us in the party last night? —I ______ (invite), but I was too busy with my work. 10. She suggested ______ (hold) a class meeting to discuss the problem, but no one agreed. 11. ______ (see) from the top of the mountain, the city looks more beautiful at night. 12. He stood there silently, as if ______ (think) about something important. 13. The teacher told us that the earth ______ (go) around the sun, which is a universal truth. 14. ______ (not receive) his reply, I decided to call him to ask about the progress of the work. 15. He is such a kind person that he is always ready ______ (help) those in trouble. 16. ______ (walk) along the street, I met an old friend of mine who I hadn't seen for years. 17. The little girl was so frightened that she didn't dare ______ (speak) a word. 18. ______ (compare) with other students, he is more hard-working and always gets better grades. 19. I wish I ______ (have) more time to travel around the world after I graduate from college. 20. ______ (not have) enough money, he couldn't afford to buy the new computer he needed badly. 考点6 -ing/-ed形式作定语 1. The novel ______ (write) by Mo Yan has been translated into over 30 languages. 2. Do you know the girl ______ (stand) at the school gate with a red umbrella? 3. The building ______ (build) last year will be used as a new library for the students. 4. I have a friend ______ (live) in Paris who often sends me postcards of the Eiffel Tower. 5. The lecture ______ (give) by the famous professor tomorrow will focus on environmental protection. 6. We need to find a solution ______ (solve) the problem of air pollution in big cities. 7. The books ______ (donate) by the local community were distributed to the children in rural areas. 8. There is a notice ______ (stick) on the wall saying that the meeting will be postponed. 9. The boy ______ (injure) in the traffic accident was sent to the hospital immediately. 10. She showed me a photo ______ (take) during her trip to Iceland last summer. 11. The machine ______ (produce) by this factory has been exported to more than 50 countries. 12. I met an old man ______ (carry) a heavy bag on his back when I walked in the park. 13. The report ______ (base) on the latest research data has attracted widespread attention. 14. There are many people ______ (wait) for the bus at the bus stop in the rush hour. 15. The film ______ (direct) by Zhang Yimou won several awards at the international film festival. 16. We should pay attention to the warnings ______ (put) forward by the weather forecast center. 17. The student ______ (win) the first prize in the English competition is from our class. 18. The bridge ______ (connect) the two cities was completed after three years of construction. 19. The letter ______ (receive) yesterday has been replied to by the manager. 20. The music ______ (play) by the pianist made the audience feel deeply moved. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $考前押题01 教材语法单句填空100题(期末专项训练) 话题1 现在进行时被动 话题4 定语从句关系副词（常考点） 话题2 过去将来时 话题5 省略句 话题3 定语从句关系代词（常考点） 话题6 -ing/-ed形式作定语 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 考点1 现在进行时被动 1. The ancient temple ________ (repair) by workers now because of its poor condition. 2. A new subway line ________ (build) in our city recently, which will greatly improve traffic. 3. The details of the project ________ (discuss) by the leaders at the meeting this moment. 4. These valuable cultural relics ________ (protect) carefully by experts to prevent damage. 5. The final exam paper ________ (check) by teachers these days to ensure fairness. 6. A special lecture on environmental protection ________ (give) by a famous professor in the hall now. 7. The old buildings in the historic district ________ (renovate) to attract more tourists. 8. The problem of air pollution ________ (study) by scientists around the world at present. 9. The letters from the readers ________ (reply) by the editor this week. 10. A new type of energy-saving car ________ (develop) by the company to meet market demand. 11. The injured animals ________ (treat) by the vets in the wildlife rescue center right now. 12. The teaching plan for next semester ________ (adjust) by the teachers' team these days. 13. The secret documents ________ (examine) by the security department to find potential risks. 14. A big party ________ (prepare) for the school's 50th anniversary this month. 15. The lost child ________ (search) by the police and local residents everywhere now. 16. The traditional craft ________ (inherit) by young people with the support of the government. 17. The data collected from the experiment ________ (analyze) by the research team at the moment. 18. A new policy on students' safety ________ (formulate) by the education department recently. 19. The damaged bridge ________ (reconstruct) by engineers to ensure people's travel safety. 20. The popular novel ________ (adapt) into a TV series by a famous director now. 答案： 1. is being repaired 解析：now 是现在进行时的标志，主语 the ancient temple 与 repair 是被动关系，故用现在进行时被动语态，结构为“am/is/are + being + 过去分词”，主语为单数，所以填 is being repaired。 2. is being built 解析：recently 可与现在进行时连用，主语 a new subway line 与 build 是被动关系，单数主语对应 is，故填 is being built。 3. is being discussed 解析：this moment 表示“此刻”，是现在进行时的时间标志，主语 the details 与 discuss 为被动关系，复数主语用 are，故填 is being discussed（此处 details 为复数，正确形式应为 are being discussed，原答案笔误修正）。 4. are being protected 解析：结合语境“此刻专家正在精心保护”，主语 these valuable cultural relics 是复数，与 protect 为被动关系，故填 are being protected。 5. are being checked 解析：these days 表示“这些天”，强调动作正在进行，主语 the final exam paper 若视为单数，填 is being checked；若强调多份试卷，也可用 are being checked，结合语境单数更合适，故填 is being checked。 6. is being given 解析：now 提示现在进行时，主语 a special lecture 是单数，与 give 为被动关系，give 的过去分词为 given，故填 is being given。 7. are being renovated 解析：语境暗示“正在翻新”，主语 the old buildings 是复数，与 renovate 为被动关系，故填 are being renovated。 8. is being studied 解析：at present 表示“目前”，是现在进行时标志，主语 the problem 是单数，与 study 为被动关系，故填 is being studied。 9. are being replied to 解析：this week 结合语境表“本周正在回复”，主语 the letters 是复数，reply 是不及物动词，与 letters 连用需加介词 to，被动结构为 are being replied to。 10. is being developed 解析：语境表“公司正在研发”，主语 a new type of energy-saving car 是单数，与 develop 为被动关系，故填 is being developed。 11. are being treated 解析：right now 是现在进行时标志，主语 the injured animals 是复数，与 treat 为被动关系，故填 are being treated。 12. is being adjusted 解析：these days 提示动作正在进行，主语 the teaching plan 是单数，与 adjust 为被动关系，故填 is being adjusted。 13. are being examined 解析：语境表“安全部门正在检查”，主语 the secret documents 是复数，与 examine 为被动关系，故填 are being examined。 14. is being prepared 解析：this month 结合语境表“本月正在筹备”，主语 a big party 是单数，与 prepare 为被动关系，故填 is being prepared。 15. is being searched for 解析：now 提示现在进行时，主语 the lost child 是单数，search 是不及物动词，与 child 连用需加介词 for，被动结构为 is being searched for。 16. is being inherited 解析：语境表“年轻人正在传承”，主语 the traditional craft 是单数，与 inherit 为被动关系，故填 is being inherited。 17. is being analyzed 解析：at the moment 是现在进行时标志，主语 the data 是不可数名词，与 analyze 为被动关系，故填 is being analyzed。 18. is being formulated 解析：recently 可与现在进行时连用，主语 a new policy 是单数，与 formulate 为被动关系，故填 is being formulated。 19. is being reconstructed 解析：语境表“工程师正在重建”，主语 the damaged bridge 是单数，与 reconstruct 为被动关系，故填 is being reconstructed。 20. is being adapted 解析：now 提示现在进行时，主语 the popular novel 是单数，与 adapt 为被动关系，adapt 的过去分词为 adapted，故填 is being adapted。 考点2 过去将来时 1. He said he ________ (come) to see me the next day. 2. My mother told me that she ________ (buy) a new dress for me on my birthday. 3. The teacher announced that our class ________ (hold) a English speech contest the following week. 4. I didn't know if she ________ (accept) my invitation to the party. 5. They promised that they ________ (finish) the project before the end of last month. 6. She asked me when I ________ (leave) for Beijing the next morning. 7. The manager said he ________ (consider) my suggestion carefully after the meeting. 8. I thought my brother ________ (help) me with my homework, but he didn't. 9. He told us that the train ________ (arrive) at the station in half an hour. 10. We were sure that our team ________ (win) the football match that afternoon. 11. She said she ________ (not go) to the cinema with us because she had to study. 12. My father told me that he ________ (teach) English in this school for 20 years by the end of next year. 13. I wondered if they ________ (prepare) enough food for the picnic the next day. 14. The old man said he ________ (live) in this village since he was born and would never leave. 15. She informed us that the company ________ (launch) a new product the next quarter. 16. I didn't think that he ________ (keep) his promise to help me. 17. The scientist said that he ________ (conduct) an important experiment the following month. 18. They told me that they ________ (travel) to Australia the summer before last. 19. She asked if I ________ (attend) the lecture given by the famous professor the next week. 20. He said that he ________ (not see) his grandparents for a long time and missed them very much. 答案： 1. would come 解析：主句谓语said为一般过去时，从句表“过去将要发生的动作”，用过去将来时would+动词原形；come的原形不变。 2. would buy 解析：主句told是一般过去时，从句“买裙子”是过去视角下“将来要做的事”，用would buy；buy为原形。 3. would hold 解析：announced为一般过去时，从句“举办演讲比赛”是过去计划中未来的动作，用过去将来时would hold。 4. would accept 解析：主句didn't know是一般过去时，if引导的宾语从句表“过去是否会发生的动作”，用would accept。 5. would finish 解析：promised为一般过去时，从句“完成项目”是过去承诺的未来动作，用would finish；before the end of last month是过去的时间节点，适配过去将来时。 6. would leave 解析：asked为一般过去时，when引导的宾语从句表“过去未来的时间点要发生的动作”，用would leave。 7. would consider 解析：主句said是一般过去时，从句“考虑建议”是过去视角下“会议后将要做的事”，用would consider。 8. would help 解析：主句thought是一般过去时，从句“帮我写作业”是过去预想中未来会发生的动作，用would help；后文“but he didn't”验证了是过去的预想，适配过去将来时。 9. would arrive 解析：told为一般过去时，从句“火车到达”是过去告知的未来动作，用would arrive；in half an hour在过去语境中表“半小时后”，适配时态。 10. would win 解析：were sure是一般过去时，从句“赢得比赛”是过去确信的未来结果，用would win。 11. would not go / wouldn't go 解析：said为一般过去时，从句表“过去将要不做的动作”，过去将来时的否定式为would not+动词原形，可缩写为wouldn't go。 12. would have taught 解析：主句told是一般过去时，从句by the end of next year（过去视角下的“明年年底”）是将来完成时的时间标志，对应过去将来完成时would have+过去分词；teach的过去分词为taught。 13. would prepare 解析：wondered是一般过去时，if从句“准备食物”是过去担忧的未来动作，用would prepare。 14. would live 解析：said为一般过去时，从句后半句“never leave”表未来的状态，结合前文“since he was born”，此处“住村里”是过去视角下未来会持续的动作，用would live。 15. would launch 解析：informed是一般过去时，从句“推出新产品”是过去通知的未来计划，用would launch。 16. would keep 解析：主句didn't think是一般过去时，从句“遵守承诺”是过去预判的未来动作，用would keep。 17. would conduct 解析：said为一般过去时，从句“做实验”是过去告知的未来研究计划，用would conduct。 18. would travel 解析：told是一般过去时，从句“去澳大利亚旅行”是过去计划的未来动作，the summer before last是过去视角下的“前年夏天”，适配过去将来时would travel。 19. would attend 解析：asked为一般过去时，if从句“参加讲座”是过去询问的未来动作，用would attend。 20. would not see / wouldn't see 解析：said为一般过去时，从句“没见到祖父母”是过去视角下“之前持续的状态+未来的感受”，此处表过去将要持续的“未见”状态，用过去将来时的否定式wouldn't see；for a long time适配动作的持续性。 考点3 定语从句关系代词（常考点） 1. The old temple, ______ roof was damaged in the storm, is now under repair. 2. He is the only one of the students ______ has won the first prize in the English competition twice. 3. This is the factory ______ products are very popular among young people all over the country. 4. I will never forget the day ______ I spent with my grandparents in the countryside last summer. 5. The reason ______ he explained to us for his being late was that he missed the early bus. 6. Do you know the girl ______ father is a famous scientist working in the space station? 7. This is the most interesting book ______ I have ever read since I went to high school. 8. The teacher told us a story ______ happened in the 1970s in a small mountain village. 9. I have bought the same dress ______ she is wearing today. 10. He lent me a dictionary ______ cover is a little worn out because of long-time use. 11. The boy with ______ I played basketball yesterday afternoon is my deskmate. 12. This is the very place ______ we visited together during our trip to Beijing last year. 13. There are few films ______ can move me deeply like this one. 14. The singer ______ songs are widely loved by teenagers will hold a concert in our city next month. 15. I don't like the way ______ he speaks to his parents, which is quite impolite. 16. The scientist ______ we interviewed yesterday has made great contributions to medical research. 17. This is the first English novel ______ I have finished reading in such a short time. 18. She showed me the letter ______ her brother sent to her from abroad last week. 19. The team ______ members are all from Shanghai won the national basketball championship last year. 20. Is there anything ______ you don't understand about the usage of relative pronouns? 答案： 1. whose 解析：先行词为the old temple，关系词在从句中作roof的定语，表“……的”，故用whose，可指代人或物的所有格。 2. who 解析：先行词为the only one（of the students），“the only one + of + 复数名词”作先行词时，定语从句的谓语动词用单数，且关系词指代人，在从句中作主语，故用who。 3. whose 解析：先行词为the factory，关系词在从句中作products的定语，表“工厂的产品”，故用whose引导定语从句。 4. which/that 解析：先行词为the day，关系词在从句中作spent的宾语（spend the day），指代物，故可用which或that，也可省略。 5. which/that 解析：先行词为the reason，关系词在从句中作explained的宾语（explain the reason），而非作原因状语，故用which或that，不可用why。 6. whose 解析：先行词为the girl，关系词在从句中作father的定语，表“女孩的父亲”，故用whose。 7. that 解析：先行词为the most interesting book，被形容词最高级修饰，定语从句中关系词指代物且作宾语，故只能用that，不能用which。 8. which/that 解析：先行词为a story，关系词在从句中作主语（happen的逻辑主语是story），指代物，故可用which或that。 9. as 解析：先行词前有the same修饰，且从句中缺少宾语（wearing the dress），故用as引导定语从句，构成“the same + 名词 + as”结构，表“和……一样的”。 10. whose 解析：先行词为a dictionary，关系词在从句中作cover的定语，表“字典的封面”，故用whose。 11. whom 解析：先行词为the boy，关系词在介词with之后，作介词的宾语，指代人，故用宾格形式whom。 12. which/that 解析：先行词为the very place，被the very修饰，关系词指代物且在从句中作visited的宾语，故可用which或that。 13. that 解析：先行词为few films，被few（表否定意义的词）修饰，关系词指代物且在从句中作主语，故只能用that，不能用which。 14. whose 解析：先行词为the singer，关系词在从句中作songs的定语，表“歌手的歌曲”，故用whose。 15. that/which 解析：先行词为the way，关系词在从句中作speaks的方式状语时，可用that、in which或省略；但此处从句中speaks后缺少宾语（speak the way），故用that或which指代the way并作宾语。 16. whom/who/that 解析：先行词为the scientist，关系词在从句中作interviewed的宾语，指代人，故可用whom（宾格）、who（主格亦可作宾格）或that。 17. that 解析：先行词为the first English novel，被序数词the first修饰，关系词指代物且在从句中作宾语，故只能用that。 18. which/that 解析：先行词为the letter，关系词在从句中作sent的宾语（send the letter），指代物，故可用which或that，也可省略。 19. whose 解析：先行词为the team，关系词在从句中作members的定语，表“团队的成员”，故用whose引导定语从句。 20. that 解析：先行词为anything（不定代词），关系词指代物且在从句中作understand的宾语，故只能用that，不能用which。 考点4 定语从句关系副词（常考点） 1. This is the village ______ I spent my childhood and made many lifelong friends. 2. I still remember the day ______ I first met my English teacher, who has influenced me a lot. 3. There are many reasons ______ students should develop good learning habits at an early age. 4. The reason ______ he failed the final exam was that he devoted too much time to playing online games. 5. We visited the factory ______ mobile phones are produced in large quantities every year. 6. Do you know the office ______ our head teacher usually works and holds meetings? 7. I can't forget the moment ______ the whole class cheered for my successful speech. 8. Is this the museum ______ you visited the special exhibition of ancient paintings last month? 9. The period ______ children learn to speak their mother tongue is crucial for language development. 10. There is no doubt that the time ______ we spend together with family is the most precious. 11. This is the stadium ______ the opening ceremony of the school sports meeting will be held next week. 12. The reason ______ she refused to accept the invitation hasn't been explained to us yet. 13. I will never forget the year ______ I studied abroad and experienced different cultures. 14. Do you know the reason ______ English has become an international language? 15. The hotel ______ we stayed during the summer vacation offered excellent service and delicious food. 16. The moment ______ the national flag was raised made all the audience feel proud and excited. 17. This is the research center ______ scientists are doing experiments on new energy vehicles. 18. There are several factors ______ contribute to the improvement of students' academic performance. 19. I still remember the place ______ we had a picnic last spring, where the flowers were in full bloom. 20. The reason ______ he was absent from the important meeting was not clear to anyone in the company. 答案： 1. where 解析：先行词是the village（地点名词），从句中缺少地点状语（spent my childhood in the village），故用关系副词where引导。 2. when 解析：先行词是the day（时间名词），从句中缺少时间状语（first met my English teacher on the day），故用关系副词when引导。 3. why 解析：先行词是reasons（原因名词），从句中缺少原因状语（students should develop... for the reasons），故用关系副词why引导。 4. why 解析：先行词是the reason（原因名词），从句中缺少原因状语（he failed... for the reason），故用关系副词why引导。注意：reason后接定语从句时，优先用why引导，若从句缺主语/宾语则用that/which。 5. where 解析：先行词是the factory（地点名词），从句中缺少地点状语（mobile phones are produced in the factory），故用where引导。 6. where 解析：先行词是the office（地点名词），从句中缺少地点状语（our head teacher works in the office），故用where引导。 7. when 解析：先行词是the moment（时间名词），从句中缺少时间状语（the whole class cheered at the moment），故用when引导。 8. where 解析：先行词是the museum（地点名词），从句中缺少地点状语（visited the exhibition in the museum），注意区分：若从句中visited后无宾语，需用where；若有宾语则用that/which。 9. when 解析：先行词是the period（时间名词），从句中缺少时间状语（children learn... during the period），故用when引导。 10. that/which 解析：先行词是the time（时间名词），但从句中缺少宾语（spend the time together），故不用关系副词when，需用关系代词that/which（可省略）。此处为易错点，需判断从句成分。 11. where 解析：先行词是the stadium（地点名词），从句中缺少地点状语（the opening ceremony will be held in the stadium），故用where引导。 12. why 解析：先行词是the reason（原因名词），从句中缺少原因状语（she refused... for the reason），故用why引导。 13. when 解析：先行词是the year（时间名词），从句中缺少时间状语（studied abroad in the year），故用when引导。 14. why 解析：先行词是the reason（原因名词），从句中缺少原因状语（English has become... for the reason），故用why引导。 15. where 解析：先行词是the hotel（地点名词），从句中缺少地点状语（stayed in the hotel），故用where引导。 16. when 解析：先行词是the moment（时间名词），从句中缺少时间状语（the national flag was raised at the moment），故用when引导。 17. where 解析：先行词是the research center（地点名词），从句中缺少地点状语（scientists are doing experiments in the research center），故用where引导。 18. that/which 解析：先行词是factors（指物），从句中缺少主语（factors contribute to...），故不用关系副词，需用关系代词that/which。此处为难点，需区分“缺状语用副词”和“缺主/宾语用代词”。 19. where 解析：先行词是the place（地点名词），从句中缺少地点状语（had a picnic in the place），故用where引导；后半句where引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明place的特点。 20. why 解析：先行词是the reason（原因名词），从句中缺少原因状语（he was absent... for the reason），故用why引导。 考点5 省略句 1. Though ______ (defeat) many times, the player didn't lose heart and kept training hard. 2. He is always the first student ______ (arrive) at school and the last ______ (leave) every day. 3. —Have you finished your homework? —Not yet. I'll do it as soon as ______ (possible). 4. The meeting ______ (hold) tomorrow is of great importance, so we must attend it on time. 5. ______ (not know) what to do next, she turned to her teacher for help. 6. He would rather stay at home than ______ (go) out with his friends on rainy days. 7. The book is said ______ (translate) into several foreign languages since it was published. 8. ______ (give) more time, we could have finished the task much better. 9. —Why didn't you join us in the party last night? —I ______ (invite), but I was too busy with my work. 10. She suggested ______ (hold) a class meeting to discuss the problem, but no one agreed. 11. ______ (see) from the top of the mountain, the city looks more beautiful at night. 12. He stood there silently, as if ______ (think) about something important. 13. The teacher told us that the earth ______ (go) around the sun, which is a universal truth. 14. ______ (not receive) his reply, I decided to call him to ask about the progress of the work. 15. He is such a kind person that he is always ready ______ (help) those in trouble. 16. ______ (walk) along the street, I met an old friend of mine who I hadn't seen for years. 17. The little girl was so frightened that she didn't dare ______ (speak) a word. 18. ______ (compare) with other students, he is more hard-working and always gets better grades. 19. I wish I ______ (have) more time to travel around the world after I graduate from college. 20. ______ (not have) enough money, he couldn't afford to buy the new computer he needed badly. 答案： 1. defeated 解析：though引导让步状语从句，从句主语与主句主语the player一致，且从句含被动关系（被打败），故省略从句主语和be动词，直接用过去分词defeated。 2. to arrive; to leave 解析：序数词the first, the last后接不定式作后置定语，表“第一个做某事的人”“最后一个做某事的人”，故两处均填不定式形式。 3. possible 解析：as soon as possible为固定省略结构，完整形式为as soon as it is possible，此处省略it is，直接用possible。 4. to be held 解析：句中已有谓语动词is，故hold需用非谓语形式；meeting与hold为被动关系，且动作发生在将来，故用不定式的被动式to be held作后置定语，表“即将被召开的会议”。 5. Not knowing 解析：主句主语she与know为主动关系，故用现在分词作原因状语；否定形式需在现在分词前加not，即Not knowing。 6. go 解析：would rather do sth. than do sth.为固定句型，than后接动词原形，表“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”，故填go。 7. to have been translated 解析：sb./sth. is said to do sth.为固定结构，表“据说某人/某物做某事”；由since it was published可知，translate的动作发生在said之前，且book与translate为被动关系，故用不定式的完成被动式to have been translated。 8. Given 解析：主句主语we与give为被动关系（被给予更多时间），故用过去分词Given作条件状语，完整形式为If we were given more time。 9. was invited 解析：由but后的语境“但我忙于工作”可知，此处表“我被邀请了”，需用被动语态；结合last night可知时态为一般过去时，主语I为单数，故填was invited。 10. holding 解析：suggest后接动名词作宾语，固定搭配为suggest doing sth.，表“建议做某事”，故填holding。 11. Seen 解析：主句主语the city与see为被动关系（被从山顶看），故用过去分词Seen作状语，完整形式为When the city is seen from the top of the mountain。 12. thinking 解析：as if引导方式状语从句，从句主语与主句主语he一致，且从句含主动关系（正在思考），故省略从句主语和be动词，用现在分词thinking，完整形式为as if he was thinking。 13. goes 解析：宾语从句中，若从句表述客观真理、客观事实，无论主句时态如何，从句均用一般现在时；“地球绕太阳转”为客观真理，主语the earth为单数，故填goes。 14. Not having received 解析：主句主语I与receive为主动关系，且receive的动作发生在decide之前，故用现在分词的完成式作原因状语；否定形式在前面加not，即Not having received。 15. to help 解析：be ready to do sth.为固定搭配，表“愿意做某事、准备好做某事”，故填to help。 16. Walking 解析：主句主语I与walk为主动关系，故用现在分词Walking作时间状语，完整形式为When I was walking along the street。 17. to speak 解析：dare此处为实义动词，固定搭配为dare to do sth.，表“敢于做某事”；否定形式为didn't dare to do sth.，故填to speak。 18. Compared 解析：主句主语he与compare为被动关系（被与其他学生比较），故用过去分词Compared作状语，完整形式为When he is compared with other students。 19. had 解析：wish后接宾语从句时，从句需用虚拟语气；此处表对现在的虚拟，从句谓语动词用过去式，故填have的过去式had。 20. Not having 解析：主句主语he与have为主动关系，且have的动作发生在couldn't afford之前，故用现在分词的完成式作原因状语；否定形式在前面加not，即Not having。 考点6 -ing/-ed形式作定语 1. The novel ______ (write) by Mo Yan has been translated into over 30 languages. 2. Do you know the girl ______ (stand) at the school gate with a red umbrella? 3. The building ______ (build) last year will be used as a new library for the students. 4. I have a friend ______ (live) in Paris who often sends me postcards of the Eiffel Tower. 5. The lecture ______ (give) by the famous professor tomorrow will focus on environmental protection. 6. We need to find a solution ______ (solve) the problem of air pollution in big cities. 7. The books ______ (donate) by the local community were distributed to the children in rural areas. 8. There is a notice ______ (stick) on the wall saying that the meeting will be postponed. 9. The boy ______ (injure) in the traffic accident was sent to the hospital immediately. 10. She showed me a photo ______ (take) during her trip to Iceland last summer. 11. The machine ______ (produce) by this factory has been exported to more than 50 countries. 12. I met an old man ______ (carry) a heavy bag on his back when I walked in the park. 13. The report ______ (base) on the latest research data has attracted widespread attention. 14. There are many people ______ (wait) for the bus at the bus stop in the rush hour. 15. The film ______ (direct) by Zhang Yimou won several awards at the international film festival. 16. We should pay attention to the warnings ______ (put) forward by the weather forecast center. 17. The student ______ (win) the first prize in the English competition is from our class. 18. The bridge ______ (connect) the two cities was completed after three years of construction. 19. The letter ______ (receive) yesterday has been replied to by the manager. 20. The music ______ (play) by the pianist made the audience feel deeply moved. 答案： 1. written 解析：novel 与 write 是被动关系（小说被写），故用过去分词 written 作定语，修饰 the novel。 2. standing 解析：the girl 与 stand 是主动关系（女孩站在门口），且动作正在进行，故用现在分词 standing 作定语。 3. built 解析：building 与 build 是被动关系（建筑被建造），且动作发生在过去（last year），故用过去分词 built 作定语。 4. living 解析：a friend 与 live 是主动关系（朋友住在巴黎），且动作持续进行，故用现在分词 living 作定语。 5. to be given 解析：lecture 与 give 是被动关系（讲座被举办），且动作发生在将来（tomorrow），故用 to be given（不定式被动式）作定语，表将来的被动。 6. solving 解析：solution 与 solve 是主动关系（解决问题的方案），此处用现在分词 solving 作定语，修饰 solution，表功能用途。 7. donated 解析：books 与 donate 是被动关系（书籍被捐赠），故用过去分词 donated 作定语。 8. stuck 解析：notice 与 stick 是被动关系（通知被贴在墙上），stick 的过去分词为 stuck，故填 stuck。 9. injured 解析：the boy 与 injure 是被动关系（男孩在事故中受伤），故用过去分词 injured 作定语。 10. taken 解析：photo 与 take 是被动关系（照片被拍摄），且动作发生在过去（last summer），故用过去分词 taken 作定语。 11. produced 解析：machine 与 produce 是被动关系（机器被生产），故用过去分词 produced 作定语，修饰 the machine。 12. carrying 解析：an old man 与 carry 是主动关系（老人背着袋子），且动作正在进行，故用现在分词 carrying 作定语。 13. based 解析：report 与 base 是被动关系（报告基于研究数据），固定搭配 be based on，此处省略 be 动词，用过去分词 based 作定语。 14. waiting 解析：many people 与 wait 是主动关系（人们在等公交），且动作正在进行（rush hour 期间），故用现在分词 waiting 作定语。 15. directed 解析：film 与 direct 是被动关系（电影被导演），故用过去分词 directed 作定语，修饰 the film。 16. put 解析：warnings 与 put forward 是被动关系（警告被提出），put 的过去分词为 put，故填 put。 17. winning 解析：the student 与 win 是主动关系（学生赢得奖项），且动作已完成，故用现在分词 winning 作定语。 18. connecting 解析：the bridge 与 connect 是主动关系（桥连接两座城市），此处用现在分词 connecting 作定语，表功能。 19. received 解析：the letter 与 receive 是被动关系（信件被收到），且动作发生在过去（yesterday），故用过去分词 received 作定语。 20. played 解析：the music 与 play 是被动关系（音乐被演奏），故用过去分词 played 作定语，修饰 the music。 $