考前押题01 教材语法单句填空100题（期末复习专项训练） 高一英语上学期沪外版

考前押题01 教材语法单句填空100题(期末专项训练) 话题1 时态 话题4 被动语态 话题2 基本句子结构 话题5 定语从句关系代词（常考点） 话题3 状语从句 话题6 定语从句关系副词（常考点） 考点1 时态 1. By the time we arrive at the airport, the plane ________ (take) off already. 2. The scientist ________ (devote) himself to researching the new virus for ten years before he made a breakthrough last month. 3. This is the third time I ________ (remind) you of the importance of hand-washing since the outbreak. 4. Look at the dark clouds! It seems as if it ________ (rain) heavily in a minute. 5. When I got to the meeting room, the discussion ________ (go) on for half an hour and no conclusion had been reached. 6. Over the past decade, great changes ________ (take) place in my hometown and it has become almost unrecognizable. 7. I ________ (read) the novel for three chapters, but I haven't decided whether to finish it or not. 8. By 2030, scientists ________ (probably, find) a way to cure this kind of chronic disease. 9. The old man ________ (live) in this small village all his life and he has no intention of moving to the city. 10. I ________ (plan) to attend the lecture yesterday, but an unexpected emergency prevented me from going. 11. Whenever I visit my grandparents, they ________ (always, cook) my favorite dishes to welcome me. 12. By the end of last term, we ________ (learn) more than 3,000 English words and phrases. 13. The manager ________ (have) a meeting with the clients at this time tomorrow morning, so don't disturb him. 14. She ________ (teach) English in this high school for 15 years by next summer and she still loves the job. 15. I didn't realize that I ________ (leave) my keys at home until I arrived at the office. 16. This kind of mobile phone ________ (sell) well in the market because of its high performance and low price. 17. While I ________ (walk) along the street yesterday, I met an old friend who I hadn't seen for years. 18. The project ________ (complete) by the end of next year if everything goes smoothly. 19. He ________ (just, finish) his homework when his mother asked him to help with the housework. 20. It is the first time that she ________ (travel) abroad alone and she feels a little nervous. 考点2 基本句子结构 1. Having been told that the concert was cancelled, the fans, who had waited outside the stadium for three hours, felt extremely disappointed and even ______ (argue) with the staff. 2. It is the first time that the young scientist ______ (win) the international award, which is highly praised by the academic circle. 3. The reason why he failed in the final exam was that he ______ (devote) too much time to playing online games rather than reviewing his lessons. 4. Only when we realize the importance of environmental protection ______ we take effective measures to reduce pollution and protect wildlife. 5. The novel ______ (write) by the famous author last year has been translated into ten languages and is popular among readers worldwide. 6. It remains a mystery ______ the ancient civilization suddenly disappeared without leaving any obvious traces. 7. She suggested that we ______ (hold) a meeting to discuss the problem as soon as possible, but no one responded positively. 8. With more and more people choosing to work from home, the demand for high-speed internet services ______ (increase) sharply in recent years. 9. The little girl was so frightened by the thunderstorm that she kept ______ (cry) until her mother came back home. 10. ______ (compare) with the traditional teaching method, the new approach can better arouse students' interest in learning English. 11. If I ______ (know) the truth earlier, I would have warned him not to make such a silly mistake. 12. The number of students who take part in the English corner ______ (reach) 200 so far, which is beyond our expectation. 13. It is necessary that every student ______ (master) basic computer skills to adapt to the development of the information age. 14. The teacher asked the students ______ (not talk) in class and focus on the lecture carefully. 15. ______ (not finish) his homework, Tom was not allowed to watch TV for a week by his parents. 16. The book, the cover of ______ is designed by a famous artist, tells the story of a brave boy fighting against difficulties. 17. By the time he graduates from university next year, he ______ (study) English for twelve years. 18. It was not until she got home late at night ______ she realized she had lost her wallet on the way. 19. The more you practice speaking English, the ______ (fluent) you will become in daily communication. 20. Many experts believe that the new policy ______ (help) to improve the quality of education in rural areas in the long run. 考点3 状语从句 1. ______ he had failed many times, he didn't lose heart and kept trying. 2. You will not pass the exam ______ you study hard from now on. 3. It was ______ cold a day that few people went out to do outdoor activities. 4. ______ the sun rose, the farmers began to work in the field. 5. She spoke ______ slowly that everyone in the room could understand her clearly. 6. ______ difficult the task may be, we must finish it on time as planned. 7. I won't go to the party tonight ______ I am invited. 8. He has been working in this company ______ he graduated from college ten years ago. 9. ______ you have any questions, please feel free to ask me for help. 10. The little girl won't stop crying ______ her mother comes back. 11. It is so long since we met last time ______ I can hardly remember your appearance. 12. ______ taking exercise every day, he still looks weak because of poor eating habits. 13. You can borrow my book ______ you promise to return it before next Friday. 14. ______ the weather is fine tomorrow, we will go hiking in the mountain. 15. She didn't go to bed ______ she finished all her homework last night. 16. ______ hard you try, you can't change the fact that you made a mistake. 17. He talked about the film ______ he had seen it many times. 18. ______ I got to the station, the train had already left. 19. The teacher raised his voice ______ that all the students could hear him. 20. ______ she is only a child, she knows how to take care of her younger brother. 考点4 被动语态 1. The ancient temple, which ______ (build) in the Ming Dynasty, has been well-preserved by the local government. 2. By the time the rescue team arrived, all the trapped people ______ (rescue) by the villagers. 3. It is reported that a new subway line ______ (construct) in our city next year to ease the traffic pressure. 4. The valuable painting ______ (steal) last night, and the police are now investigating the case. 5. This kind of smart phone ______ (not sell) well since it was launched, so the company plans to lower the price. 6. The meeting ______ (hold) in the conference room at 9 tomorrow morning; please be there on time. 7. Great changes ______ (take) place in my hometown over the past decade, and many new buildings have been put up. 8. The letter ______ (write) by my father yesterday afternoon, and it will be sent to my grandma tomorrow. 9. By the end of next month, all the courses ______ (finish), and we will start preparing for the final exam. 10. The little girl was heard ______ (sing) an English song in the room when her mother came back. 11. The problem ______ (discuss) at the meeting right now, and we are waiting for the final decision. 12. If we don't take action immediately, more wild animals ______ (kill) by humans in the near future. 13. The novel ______ (translate) into several foreign languages since it was published in 2010. 14. It is said that the famous actor ______ (invite) to attend the opening ceremony of the film festival next week. 15. The old bridge ______ (repair) for three months, and it will be open to the public next month. 16. The students ______ (tell) not to use mobile phones in class many times, but some of them still ignore the rule. 17. This machine ______ (not use) for a long time, so it needs to be checked carefully before it works again. 18. When I got to the airport, I was told that my flight ______ (delay) because of the bad weather. 19. The results of the exam ______ (announce) next Monday, so all the students are very nervous. 20. A lot of attention ______ (pay) to the environmental protection in recent years, and the air quality has improved greatly. 考点5 定语从句关系代词（常考点） 1. This is the only one of the novels ______ was written by Mo Yan that I have read. 2. He is the man ______ daughter won the first prize in the English competition last week. 3. The reason ______ he explained at the meeting for his absence didn’t sound reasonable. 4. Do you still remember the day ______ we spent together in the countryside last summer? 5. The factory ______ his father works is located in the western part of the city. 6. There are many people ______ faces I can recognize, but I can’t remember their names. 7. This is the very dictionary ______ I have been looking for since last term. 8. The girl with ______ I went shopping yesterday is my cousin. 9. He talked about the teachers and schools ______ he had visited in the town. 10. The house ______ windows face south belongs to my grandparents. 11. Is there any room ______ walls are painted blue in this building? 12. The scientist ______ achievements we all admire will give a lecture in our school tomorrow. 13. This is the same book ______ I lost last month. I can’t believe I found it! 14. She is the only student in our class ______ has been to the United States. 15. The film ______ we saw last night is based on a true story. 16. I don’t like the way ______ he speaks to his parents. It’s really rude. 17. The man ______ you shook hands just now is our new headmaster. 18. There is no person ______ is always right in the world. 19. The book, ______ cover is broken, is still a valuable one for me. 20. We visited the village ______ name is closely related to a famous historical figure. 考点6 定语从句关系副词（常考点） 1. This is the village ______ I spent my childhood and developed a deep love for nature. 2. I still remember the day ______ I first met my senior high school teacher, who inspired me a lot. 3. There are many reasons ______ students should develop good learning habits in senior high school. 4. The reason ______ he failed the English exam was that he didn't pay attention to grammar learning. 5. We visited the museum last week ______ a lot of cultural relics from the Tang Dynasty are displayed. 6. Is this the classroom ______ our English teacher will give us the college entrance exam review lecture? 7. I can't forget the moment ______ I received the admission notice from my dream university. 8. The time ______ we need to prepare for the college entrance exam is getting more and more limited. 9. This is the reason ______ many students choose to take after-school tutoring classes. 10. The hotel ______ we stayed during the summer vacation is located by the sea and has a beautiful view. 11. Do you know the year ______ the first college entrance exam was restored in China? 12. There is no doubt that there are some factors ______ affect students' academic performance. 13. The place ______ the ancient emperors held important ceremonies is now a famous tourist attraction. 14. I still keep the letter ______ my best friend wrote to me on the day ______ we graduated from junior high school. 15. The reason ______ he was absent from class yesterday was not clear to his teacher. 16. This is the stadium ______ the school sports meeting will be held next month. 17. I remember the afternoon ______ we had a heated discussion about our future career plans. 18. The reason ______ English is widely used in international communication is its practicality. 19. Is there any place ______ we can buy some reference books for the college entrance exam? 20. The moment ______ the national flag is raised in the morning always makes me feel proud. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $考前押题01 教材语法单句填空100题(期末专项训练) 话题1 时态 话题4 被动语态 话题2 基本句子结构 话题5 定语从句关系代词（常考点） 话题3 状语从句 话题6 定语从句关系副词（常考点） 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 考点1 时态 1. By the time we arrive at the airport, the plane ________ (take) off already. 2. The scientist ________ (devote) himself to researching the new virus for ten years before he made a breakthrough last month. 3. This is the third time I ________ (remind) you of the importance of hand-washing since the outbreak. 4. Look at the dark clouds! It seems as if it ________ (rain) heavily in a minute. 5. When I got to the meeting room, the discussion ________ (go) on for half an hour and no conclusion had been reached. 6. Over the past decade, great changes ________ (take) place in my hometown and it has become almost unrecognizable. 7. I ________ (read) the novel for three chapters, but I haven't decided whether to finish it or not. 8. By 2030, scientists ________ (probably, find) a way to cure this kind of chronic disease. 9. The old man ________ (live) in this small village all his life and he has no intention of moving to the city. 10. I ________ (plan) to attend the lecture yesterday, but an unexpected emergency prevented me from going. 11. Whenever I visit my grandparents, they ________ (always, cook) my favorite dishes to welcome me. 12. By the end of last term, we ________ (learn) more than 3,000 English words and phrases. 13. The manager ________ (have) a meeting with the clients at this time tomorrow morning, so don't disturb him. 14. She ________ (teach) English in this high school for 15 years by next summer and she still loves the job. 15. I didn't realize that I ________ (leave) my keys at home until I arrived at the office. 16. This kind of mobile phone ________ (sell) well in the market because of its high performance and low price. 17. While I ________ (walk) along the street yesterday, I met an old friend who I hadn't seen for years. 18. The project ________ (complete) by the end of next year if everything goes smoothly. 19. He ________ (just, finish) his homework when his mother asked him to help with the housework. 20. It is the first time that she ________ (travel) abroad alone and she feels a little nervous. 答案： 1. will have taken 解析：by the time引导时间状语从句，从句用一般现在时表将来，主句需用将来完成时，表示“到将来某时已完成的动作”。 2. had devoted 解析：before引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时（made），主句动作发生在从句动作之前，需用过去完成时，体现“过去的过去”。 3. have reminded 解析：“this is the + 序数词 + time + that从句”为固定句型，从句需用现在完成时，强调动作对现在的影响。 4. will rain 解析：in a minute为将来时间状语，结合“look at the dark clouds”的语境，此处用一般将来时表即将发生的动作。 5. had been going 解析：when引导的从句用一般过去时（got），主句动作“讨论”在“到达”之前已开始且持续了一段时间，需用过去完成进行时，体现“过去某时前已持续的动作”。 6. have taken 解析：over the past decade为现在完成时的标志性时间状语，强调动作从过去持续到现在，“take place”无被动语态，直接用主动形式。 7. have read 解析：for three chapters体现动作已完成的部分成果，结合后半句“未决定是否读完”，用现在完成时表示“已读了三章”这一现状。 8. will probably have found 解析：by 2030为将来完成时的标志性时间状语，此处需用将来完成时，表示“到2030年将已完成的发现”，副词probably置于助动词will之后、实义动词之前。 9. has lived 解析：all his life结合“无搬家打算”的语境，说明动作从过去持续到现在，用现在完成时体现“一生都住在这里”的持续状态。 10. had planned 解析：“计划参加讲座”发生在“突发紧急情况阻止”之前，后者用一般过去时（prevented），前者需用过去完成时，体现“过去的过去”的动作。 11. always cook 解析：whenever引导时间状语从句，此处描述“每次拜访祖父母”的习惯性动作，用一般现在时，always置于实义动词之前，体现常态。 12. had learned 解析：by the end of last term为过去完成时的标志性时间状语，强调“到上学期末已完成的动作”，需用过去完成时。 13. will be having 解析：at this time tomorrow morning为将来进行时的标志性时间状语，强调“明天上午这个时间正在进行的动作”，用将来进行时。 14. will have been teaching 解析：by next summer为将来完成时的时间状语，结合for 15 years，此处用将来完成进行时，强调“到明年夏天将已持续15年的教学动作”，体现动作的持续性。 15. had left 解析：“忘记带钥匙”发生在“到达办公室”之前，后者用一般过去时（arrived），前者需用过去完成时，体现“过去的过去”的动作。 16. sells 解析：此处“sell well”表示“畅销”，为不及物动词短语，用主动形式表被动含义，结合语境描述客观事实，用一般现在时。 17. was walking 解析：while引导时间状语从句，强调“主句动作发生时，从句动作正在进行”，主句用一般过去时（met），从句需用过去进行时。 18. will have been completed 解析：by the end of next year为将来完成时的时间状语，主语the project与complete为被动关系，需用将来完成时的被动语态。 19. had just finished 解析：“刚完成作业”发生在“妈妈让帮忙做家务”之前，后者用一般过去时（asked），前者需用过去完成时，just置于助动词had之后、实义动词之前。 20. has traveled 解析：“it is the first time that从句”为固定句型，从句需用现在完成时，强调“第一次出国”这一动作对现在的影响（感到紧张）。 考点2 基本句子结构 1. Having been told that the concert was cancelled, the fans, who had waited outside the stadium for three hours, felt extremely disappointed and even ______ (argue) with the staff. 2. It is the first time that the young scientist ______ (win) the international award, which is highly praised by the academic circle. 3. The reason why he failed in the final exam was that he ______ (devote) too much time to playing online games rather than reviewing his lessons. 4. Only when we realize the importance of environmental protection ______ we take effective measures to reduce pollution and protect wildlife. 5. The novel ______ (write) by the famous author last year has been translated into ten languages and is popular among readers worldwide. 6. It remains a mystery ______ the ancient civilization suddenly disappeared without leaving any obvious traces. 7. She suggested that we ______ (hold) a meeting to discuss the problem as soon as possible, but no one responded positively. 8. With more and more people choosing to work from home, the demand for high-speed internet services ______ (increase) sharply in recent years. 9. The little girl was so frightened by the thunderstorm that she kept ______ (cry) until her mother came back home. 10. ______ (compare) with the traditional teaching method, the new approach can better arouse students' interest in learning English. 11. If I ______ (know) the truth earlier, I would have warned him not to make such a silly mistake. 12. The number of students who take part in the English corner ______ (reach) 200 so far, which is beyond our expectation. 13. It is necessary that every student ______ (master) basic computer skills to adapt to the development of the information age. 14. The teacher asked the students ______ (not talk) in class and focus on the lecture carefully. 15. ______ (not finish) his homework, Tom was not allowed to watch TV for a week by his parents. 16. The book, the cover of ______ is designed by a famous artist, tells the story of a brave boy fighting against difficulties. 17. By the time he graduates from university next year, he ______ (study) English for twelve years. 18. It was not until she got home late at night ______ she realized she had lost her wallet on the way. 19. The more you practice speaking English, the ______ (fluent) you will become in daily communication. 20. Many experts believe that the new policy ______ (help) to improve the quality of education in rural areas in the long run. 答案： 1. argued 解析：句子主语为the fans，谓语由and连接两个并列动词felt和argue，时态需一致，均用一般过去时，故填argued。 2. has won 解析：固定句型“It is the first time that...”中，that从句需用现在完成时，主语为单数，故填has won。 3. had devoted 解析：主语从句中，devote动作发生在failed之前，即“过去的过去”，需用过去完成时，故填had devoted。 4. will 解析：only+状语从句置于句首时，主句需部分倒装，结合句意“只有意识到环保重要性，我们才会采取措施”，用一般将来时，故填will。 5. written 解析：空格处为非谓语动词作后置定语，novel与write为被动关系，且动作已完成，故填过去分词written。 6. why/that 解析：it为形式主语，空格引导主语从句，从句中不缺成分，结合句意“古老文明突然消失的原因仍是谜”，可用why表原因，也可用that仅起连接作用，故填why/that。 7. (should) hold 解析：suggest表示“建议”时，其后宾语从句需用虚拟语气，谓语用“(should)+动词原形”，should可省略，故填(should) hold。 8. has increased 解析：时间状语in recent years为现在完成时的标志，主语demand为不可数名词，故填has increased。 9. crying 解析：固定搭配keep doing sth. 表示“持续做某事”，故填crying。 10. Compared 解析：空格处为非谓语动词作状语，compare与逻辑主语the new approach为被动关系（“被比较”），故填过去分词Compared。 11. had known 解析：此句为虚拟条件句，从句表示“与过去事实相反”，谓语需用过去完成时，故填had known。 12. has reached 解析：时间状语so far为现在完成时的标志，主语the number of...（……的数量）为单数，故填has reached。 13. (should) master 解析：固定句型“It is necessary that...”中，that从句需用虚拟语气，谓语用“(should)+动词原形”，should可省略，故填(should) master。 14. not to talk 解析：固定搭配ask sb. not to do sth. 表示“要求某人不要做某事”，故填not to talk。 15. Not having finished 解析：空格处为非谓语动词作原因状语，Tom与finish为主动关系，且finish动作发生在was not allowed之前，需用现在分词的完成式，否定形式在前面加not，故填Not having finished。 16. which 解析：空格引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the book，从句中the cover of后缺宾语，故填关系代词which。 17. will have studied 解析：by the time引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时表将来，主句需用将来完成时，故填will have studied。 18. that 解析：此句为强调句型“It was not until...that...”，强调时间状语，故填that。 19. more fluent 解析：固定句型“The+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越……，越……”，fluent的比较级为more fluent，故填more fluent。 20. will help 解析：时间状语in the long run表示“从长远来看”，需用一般将来时，故填will help。 考点3 状语从句 1. ______ he had failed many times, he didn't lose heart and kept trying. 2. You will not pass the exam ______ you study hard from now on. 3. It was ______ cold a day that few people went out to do outdoor activities. 4. ______ the sun rose, the farmers began to work in the field. 5. She spoke ______ slowly that everyone in the room could understand her clearly. 6. ______ difficult the task may be, we must finish it on time as planned. 7. I won't go to the party tonight ______ I am invited. 8. He has been working in this company ______ he graduated from college ten years ago. 9. ______ you have any questions, please feel free to ask me for help. 10. The little girl won't stop crying ______ her mother comes back. 11. It is so long since we met last time ______ I can hardly remember your appearance. 12. ______ taking exercise every day, he still looks weak because of poor eating habits. 13. You can borrow my book ______ you promise to return it before next Friday. 14. ______ the weather is fine tomorrow, we will go hiking in the mountain. 15. She didn't go to bed ______ she finished all her homework last night. 16. ______ hard you try, you can't change the fact that you made a mistake. 17. He talked about the film ______ he had seen it many times. 18. ______ I got to the station, the train had already left. 19. The teacher raised his voice ______ that all the students could hear him. 20. ______ she is only a child, she knows how to take care of her younger brother. 答案： 1. Though/Although/While 解析：句意“尽管他失败了很多次，但他没有灰心，继续努力”。此处引导让步状语从句，“失败多次”与“不灰心”为转折关系，三者均可引导让步状语从句，though/although不能与but连用，while强调对比，此处均可使用。 2. unless 解析：句意“除非你从现在开始努力学习，否则你不会通过考试”。此处引导条件状语从句，“努力学习”是“通过考试”的必要条件，unless意为“除非”，相当于if not，符合语境。 3. so 解析：句意“天气如此冷，以至于很少有人出去做户外活动”。此处考查“so+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数+that从句”结构，表“如此……以至于……”，cold是形容词，故用so，注意区分such（such+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+that从句）。 4. As/When 解析：句意“太阳一升起，农民们就开始在田里干活了”。此处引导时间状语从句，as/when均可表示“当……的时候”，as强调主从句动作同时发生，when可接短暂性或延续性动词，“太阳升起”是短暂性动作，二者均适用。 5. so 解析：句意“她说话如此慢，以至于房间里的每个人都能清楚地听懂她的话”。考查“so+adv.+that从句”结构，slowly是副词，故用so引导结果状语从句。 6. However 解析：句意“无论这项任务可能有多难，我们都必须按计划按时完成”。此处引导让步状语从句，“however+adj./adv.+主语+谓语”表示“无论多么……”，difficult是形容词，故用however，注意首字母大写。 7. even if/even though 解析：句意“即使受到邀请，我今晚也不会去参加派对”。此处引导让步状语从句，“被邀请”与“不去派对”为转折关系，even if/even though意为“即使”，符合语境，强调假设的让步。 8. since 解析：句意“自从十年前大学毕业以来，他一直就在这家公司工作”。此处引导时间状语从句，主句用现在完成进行时，从句用一般过去时，since意为“自从……以来”，符合时态搭配和语境。 9. If 解析：句意“如果你有任何问题，请随时向我求助”。此处引导条件状语从句，“有问题”是“求助”的前提条件，if意为“如果”，符合语境，注意首字母大写。 10. until 解析：句意“直到妈妈回来，这个小女孩才停止哭泣”。此处考查“not...until...”结构，意为“直到……才……”，引导时间状语从句，强调“妈妈回来”这个动作发生后，“哭泣”的动作才停止。 11. that 解析：句意“自从我们上次见面已经过去太久了，以至于我几乎记不清你的样子了”。此处考查“so...that...”结构，so修饰前面的long（形容词），that引导结果状语从句，注意此处since引导时间状语从句，整体为“so+adj.+that从句”的复合结构。 12. Despite 解析：句意“尽管每天锻炼，他因为不良的饮食习惯看起来仍然很虚弱”。此处后接名词短语“taking exercise”，despite是介词，意为“尽管”，后接名词或名词性短语；若用though/although，需接从句（Though he takes exercise...），故用Despite。 13. as long as/so long as 解析：句意“只要你承诺下周五之前归还，你就可以借我的书”。此处引导条件状语从句，as long as/so long as意为“只要”，强调“按时归还”是“借书”的条件，二者可互换。 14. If 解析：句意“如果明天天气好，我们就去山里徒步旅行”。此处引导条件状语从句，“天气好”是“去徒步”的假设条件，if意为“如果”，符合语境，注意首字母大写。 15. until 解析：句意“昨晚她直到完成所有作业才上床睡觉”。考查“not...until...”结构，意为“直到……才……”，引导时间状语从句，强调“完成作业”后“上床睡觉”的动作才发生。 16. No matter how/However 解析：句意“无论你多么努力，都无法改变你犯错的事实”。此处引导让步状语从句，“no matter how+adj./adv.+主语+谓语”与“however+adj./adv.+主语+谓语”同义，均可表示“无论多么……”，hard是副词，故二者均可，注意首字母大写。 17. as if/as though 解析：句意“他谈论那部电影，好像他已经看了很多次一样”。此处引导方式状语从句，as if/as though意为“好像、仿佛”，从句用了过去完成时，表示与过去事实相符的虚拟或真实情况，二者可互换。 18. When 解析：句意“当我到达车站时，火车已经开走了”。此处引导时间状语从句，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时，强调“到达车站”这个动作发生时，“火车离开”的动作已完成，when可接短暂性动词“got”，符合语境；as强调同时发生，while接延续性动词，故用when。 19. so 解析：句意“老师提高了声音，以便所有学生都能听到他说话”。此处考查“so that”引导目的状语从句，意为“以便、为了”，从句常含can/could等情态动词，表动作的目的，故填so。 20. Though/Although/While 解析：句意“尽管她只是个孩子，但她知道如何照顾弟弟”。此处引导让步状语从句，“是孩子”与“会照顾弟弟”为转折关系，though/although/while均可引导让步状语从句，符合语境。 考点4 被动语态 1. The ancient temple, which ______ (build) in the Ming Dynasty, has been well-preserved by the local government. 2. By the time the rescue team arrived, all the trapped people ______ (rescue) by the villagers. 3. It is reported that a new subway line ______ (construct) in our city next year to ease the traffic pressure. 4. The valuable painting ______ (steal) last night, and the police are now investigating the case. 5. This kind of smart phone ______ (not sell) well since it was launched, so the company plans to lower the price. 6. The meeting ______ (hold) in the conference room at 9 tomorrow morning; please be there on time. 7. Great changes ______ (take) place in my hometown over the past decade, and many new buildings have been put up. 8. The letter ______ (write) by my father yesterday afternoon, and it will be sent to my grandma tomorrow. 9. By the end of next month, all the courses ______ (finish), and we will start preparing for the final exam. 10. The little girl was heard ______ (sing) an English song in the room when her mother came back. 11. The problem ______ (discuss) at the meeting right now, and we are waiting for the final decision. 12. If we don't take action immediately, more wild animals ______ (kill) by humans in the near future. 13. The novel ______ (translate) into several foreign languages since it was published in 2010. 14. It is said that the famous actor ______ (invite) to attend the opening ceremony of the film festival next week. 15. The old bridge ______ (repair) for three months, and it will be open to the public next month. 16. The students ______ (tell) not to use mobile phones in class many times, but some of them still ignore the rule. 17. This machine ______ (not use) for a long time, so it needs to be checked carefully before it works again. 18. When I got to the airport, I was told that my flight ______ (delay) because of the bad weather. 19. The results of the exam ______ (announce) next Monday, so all the students are very nervous. 20. A lot of attention ______ (pay) to the environmental protection in recent years, and the air quality has improved greatly. 答案： 1. was built 解析：主语the ancient temple与build为被动关系，且“建造”发生在明朝（过去时间），用一般过去时的被动语态。 2. had been rescued 解析：by the time+过去时从句，主句用过去完成时；主语all the trapped people与rescue为被动关系，故用过去完成时的被动语态。 3. will be constructed 解析：主语a new subway line与construct为被动关系，且时间状语为next year，用一般将来时的被动语态。 4. was stolen 解析：主语the valuable painting与steal为被动关系，时间状语为last night，用一般过去时的被动语态。 5. has not sold 解析：sell为不及物动词，此处“sell well”表示“畅销”，无被动语态；since引导的时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时。 6. will be held 解析：主语the meeting与hold为被动关系，时间状语为at 9 tomorrow morning，用一般将来时的被动语态。 7. have taken 解析：take place为不及物动词短语，无被动语态；over the past decade为现在完成时的标志词，故用现在完成时。 8. was written 解析：主语the letter与write为被动关系，时间状语为yesterday afternoon，用一般过去时的被动语态。 9. will have been finished 解析：by the end of next month为将来完成时的标志词；主语all the courses与finish为被动关系，故用将来完成时的被动语态。 10. singing 解析：hear sb. doing sth.的被动结构为be heard doing sth.，表示“被听到正在做某事”，此处强调妈妈回来时女孩正在唱歌，用singing。 11. is being discussed 解析：主语the problem与discuss为被动关系，时间状语为right now，用现在进行时的被动语态。 12. will be killed 解析：if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时；主语more wild animals与kill为被动关系，故用一般将来时的被动语态。 13. has been translated 解析：主语the novel与translate为被动关系，since引导的时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，故用现在完成时的被动语态。 14. will be invited 解析：主语the famous actor与invite为被动关系，时间状语为next week，用一般将来时的被动语态；it is said that从句中，时态根据实际时间判断。 15. has been being repaired 解析：主语the old bridge与repair为被动关系，时间状语for three months且动作仍在进行，用现在完成进行时的被动语态。 16. have been told 解析：主语the students与tell为被动关系，时间状语many times表示动作反复发生，用现在完成时的被动语态。 17. has not been used 解析：主语this machine与use为被动关系，for a long time为现在完成时的标志词，故用现在完成时的被动语态。 18. had been delayed 解析：主语my flight与delay为被动关系；“航班延误”发生在“我被告知”之前，即过去的过去，用过去完成时的被动语态。 19. will be announced 解析：主语the results of the exam与announce为被动关系，时间状语为next Monday，用一般将来时的被动语态。 20. has been paid 解析：主语a lot of attention与pay为被动关系，in recent years为现在完成时的标志词，故用现在完成时的被动语态；pay attention to的被动结构为attention be paid to。 考点5 定语从句关系代词（常考点） 1. This is the only one of the novels ______ was written by Mo Yan that I have read. 2. He is the man ______ daughter won the first prize in the English competition last week. 3. The reason ______ he explained at the meeting for his absence didn’t sound reasonable. 4. Do you still remember the day ______ we spent together in the countryside last summer? 5. The factory ______ his father works is located in the western part of the city. 6. There are many people ______ faces I can recognize, but I can’t remember their names. 7. This is the very dictionary ______ I have been looking for since last term. 8. The girl with ______ I went shopping yesterday is my cousin. 9. He talked about the teachers and schools ______ he had visited in the town. 10. The house ______ windows face south belongs to my grandparents. 11. Is there any room ______ walls are painted blue in this building? 12. The scientist ______ achievements we all admire will give a lecture in our school tomorrow. 13. This is the same book ______ I lost last month. I can’t believe I found it! 14. She is the only student in our class ______ has been to the United States. 15. The film ______ we saw last night is based on a true story. 16. I don’t like the way ______ he speaks to his parents. It’s really rude. 17. The man ______ you shook hands just now is our new headmaster. 18. There is no person ______ is always right in the world. 19. The book, ______ cover is broken, is still a valuable one for me. 20. We visited the village ______ name is closely related to a famous historical figure. 答案： 1. 答案：that 解析：先行词为the only one of the novels，先行词被the only修饰，且关系代词在从句中作主语，故用that（不用which）。 2. 答案：whose 解析：先行词为the man，关系代词在从句中作daughter的定语，表“某人的”，故用whose。 3. 答案：that/which 解析：先行词为the reason，关系代词在从句中作explained的宾语（而非状语），故可用that或which，也可省略。 4. 答案：that/which 解析：先行词为the day，关系代词在从句中作spent的宾语，故可用that或which，也可省略。 5. 答案：where 解析：先行词为the factory，关系代词在从句中作地点状语（his father works in the factory），故用where（相当于in which）。 6. 答案：whose 解析：先行词为many people，关系代词在从句中作faces的定语，表“人们的”，故用whose。 7. 答案：that 解析：先行词为the very dictionary，先行词被the very修饰，且关系代词在从句中作宾语，故用that（不用which）。 8. 答案：whom 解析：先行词为the girl，关系代词在从句中作介词with的宾语，指人，故用whom。 9. 答案：that 解析：先行词为the teachers and schools，既有人又有物，关系代词在从句中作visited的宾语，故用that（不用which）。 10. 答案：whose 解析：先行词为the house，关系代词在从句中作windows的定语，表“房子的”，故用whose。 11. 答案：whose 解析：先行词为any room，关系代词在从句中作walls的定语，表“房间的”，故用whose。 12. 答案：whose 解析：先行词为the scientist，关系代词在从句中作achievements的定语，表“科学家的”，故用whose。 13. 答案：that 解析：先行词为the same book，先行词被the same修饰，且关系代词在从句中作宾语，故用that（不用which）。 14. 答案：that 解析：先行词为the only student，先行词被the only修饰，且关系代词在从句中作主语，故用that（不用who）。 15. 答案：that/which 解析：先行词为the film，关系代词在从句中作saw的宾语，故可用that或which，也可省略。 16. 答案：that/in which/不填 解析：先行词为the way，关系代词在从句中作方式状语，固定用法：可用that、in which，也可省略。 17. 答案：with whom 解析：先行词为the man，从句还原为“you shook hands with the man”，关系代词作介词with的宾语，指人，故用with whom。 18. 答案：that 解析：先行词为no person，先行词为不定代词，且关系代词在从句中作主语，故用that（不用who）。 19. 答案：whose 解析：先行词为the book，关系代词在从句中作cover的定语，表“书的”，此处为非限制性定语从句，故用whose（不可省略）。 20. 答案：whose 解析：先行词为the village，关系代词在从句中作name的定语，表“村庄的”，故用whose。 考点6 定语从句关系副词（常考点） 1. This is the village ______ I spent my childhood and developed a deep love for nature. 2. I still remember the day ______ I first met my senior high school teacher, who inspired me a lot. 3. There are many reasons ______ students should develop good learning habits in senior high school. 4. The reason ______ he failed the English exam was that he didn't pay attention to grammar learning. 5. We visited the museum last week ______ a lot of cultural relics from the Tang Dynasty are displayed. 6. Is this the classroom ______ our English teacher will give us the college entrance exam review lecture? 7. I can't forget the moment ______ I received the admission notice from my dream university. 8. The time ______ we need to prepare for the college entrance exam is getting more and more limited. 9. This is the reason ______ many students choose to take after-school tutoring classes. 10. The hotel ______ we stayed during the summer vacation is located by the sea and has a beautiful view. 11. Do you know the year ______ the first college entrance exam was restored in China? 12. There is no doubt that there are some factors ______ affect students' academic performance. 13. The place ______ the ancient emperors held important ceremonies is now a famous tourist attraction. 14. I still keep the letter ______ my best friend wrote to me on the day ______ we graduated from junior high school. 15. The reason ______ he was absent from class yesterday was not clear to his teacher. 16. This is the stadium ______ the school sports meeting will be held next month. 17. I remember the afternoon ______ we had a heated discussion about our future career plans. 18. The reason ______ English is widely used in international communication is its practicality. 19. Is there any place ______ we can buy some reference books for the college entrance exam? 20. The moment ______ the national flag is raised in the morning always makes me feel proud. 答案： 1. 答案：where 解析：先行词为the village（地点名词），从句中不缺主语或宾语，spent my childhood（度过童年）为不及物动词短语，需用关系副词where指代地点，在从句中作地点状语。 2. 答案：when 解析：先行词为the day（时间名词），从句中不缺主干成分，met my teacher（遇见老师）的动作发生在具体时间，关系副词when指代时间，在从句中作时间状语。 3. 答案：why 解析：先行词为reasons（原因名词），从句中主谓宾结构完整，需用关系副词why指代原因，在从句中作原因状语，表“……的原因”。 4. 答案：why 解析：先行词为the reason，从句“he failed the English exam”主干完整，关系副词why引导定语从句，修饰reason，在从句中作原因状语。 5. 答案：where 解析：先行词为the museum（地点名词），从句中“a lot of cultural relics... are displayed”（很多文物被展出）的地点是博物馆，where在从句中作地点状语。 6. 答案：where 解析：先行词为the classroom（地点名词），从句中“our English teacher will give... lecture”（老师讲课）的地点是教室，从句缺地点状语，用where引导。 7. 答案：when 解析：先行词为the moment（时间名词），从句中“received the admission notice”（收到录取通知书）的动作发生在某个时刻，when在从句中作时间状语。 8. 答案：when 解析：先行词为the time（时间名词），从句中“we need to prepare...”（我们需要准备）的动作对应具体时间，when指代时间，在从句中作时间状语。 9. 答案：why 解析：先行词为the reason，从句“many students choose to take...”（很多学生选择参加）主干完整，why引导定语从句，修饰reason，表原因。 10. 答案：where 解析：先行词为the hotel（地点名词），从句中“we stayed”（我们居住）为不及物动词短语，缺地点状语，where指代hotel，在从句中作地点状语。 11. 答案：when 解析：先行词为the year（时间名词），从句中“the first college entrance exam was restored”（高考恢复）的动作发生在特定年份，when在从句中作时间状语。 12. 答案：why 解析：先行词为factors（表原因的名词），从句“affect students' academic performance”（影响学生学业表现）主干完整，why指代factors，在从句中作原因状语。 13. 答案：where 解析：先行词为the place（地点名词），从句中“the ancient emperors held... ceremonies”（古代皇帝举行仪式）的地点是该地方，where作地点状语。 14. 答案：that/which；when 解析：第一空先行词为the letter（物），从句中wrote（写）缺宾语，用关系代词that/which；第二空先行词为the day（时间），从句中graduated（毕业）缺时间状语，用关系副词when。 15. 答案：why 解析：先行词为the reason，从句“he was absent from class”（他缺课）主干完整，why引导定语从句，在从句中作原因状语，表“缺课的原因”。 16. 答案：where 解析：先行词为the stadium（地点名词），从句中“the school sports meeting will be held”（学校运动会将举行）的地点是体育场，where作地点状语。 17. 答案：when 解析：先行词为the afternoon（时间名词），从句中“had a heated discussion”（进行激烈讨论）的动作发生在下午，when在从句中作时间状语。 18. 答案：why 解析：先行词为the reason，从句“English is widely used...”（英语被广泛使用）主干完整，why引导定语从句，修饰reason，表“英语被广泛使用的原因”。 19. 答案：where 解析：先行词为place（地点名词），从句中“we can buy some reference books”（我们能买参考书）的地点是该地方，where在从句中作地点状语。 20. 答案：when 解析：先行词为the moment（时间名词），从句中“the national flag is raised”（国旗升起）的动作发生在该时刻，when指代时间，在从句中作时间状语。 $