专题08 被动语态（复习讲义）（上海专用）2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

该初中英语中考复习讲义聚焦“被动语态”专题，覆盖中考核心考点，包括不同时态被动结构、特殊用法（情态动词被动、感官/使役动词to还原）及主动表被动场景。通过考情剖析明确命题规律，思维导图构建知识网络，考点分层突破强化易混点，真题训练提升实战能力，体现复习的系统性与针对性。 亮点在于“三维突破”教学策略，通过“时态结构速记公式”（如“be+done”对应时态变化）强化语言能力，“还原to”规则对比训练（如see sb. do→sb. be seen to do）提升思维品质，分层设计真题链接、名校试题及创新拔高题保障学习能力。特设5分钟限时专项训练与即时反馈，助力学生精准突破考点，教师可据此把控复习节奏，高效提升应考能力。

专题08 被动语态 目录 01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02 思维导图·网络构建 3 03 考点通关·靶向突破 3 ★ 考点一 被动语态的构成 3 ★ 考点二 一般过去时 12 04 优题精选·练能提分 14 考点 课标要求 复习目标 1. 被动语态的基本结构（不同时态：一般现在 / 过去 / 将来时、现在 / 过去进行时、现在 / 过去完成时的被动形式） 2. 被动语态的特殊用法（情态动词 + 被动；感官 / 使役动词的被动（还原 to）；不定式的被动 3. 主动表被动的常见情况（sell/wash 等动词表 “属性” 的主动表被动；need doing 等固定搭配） 1. 掌握被动语态在不同时态下的核心结构，能正确转换主动与被动语态2. 熟悉被动语态的特殊用法，明确感官 / 使役动词被动的 “to 还原” 规则 3. 区分主动表被动的语境与词汇，准确运用被动相关表达 1. 系统梳理被动语态的时态结构，强化不同时态下被动形式的精准运用 2. 熟练掌握被动语态的特殊规则（情态动词被动、to 还原等），厘清易混点 3. 精准区分主动表被动的场景，提升语境中被动表达的语用准确性 命题规则 被动语态是中考英语的高频基础考点之一。主要命题角度：不同时态的被动结构辨析（高频）、特殊结构的被动形式（如情态动词 + 被动、感官动词的被动，高频）、主动表被动的语境辨析（中频）。 解题锦囊 锦囊 1：判断被动的核心标志—— 出现 “by + 动作执行者”、语境体现 “动作承受者作主语” 时，优先考虑被动语态； 锦囊 2：时态被动结构速记—— 核心公式：“be（对应时态形式）+ 动词过去分词”，如： 一般现在时：am/is/are + done 一般过去时：was/were + done 一般将来时：will be + done 锦囊 3：特殊情况易错点—— 1. 情态动词被动：“情态动词 + be + done”（如 must be finished）；—— 2. 感官 / 使役动词被动：还原 to（如 sb. was seen to go out）；—— 3. 主动表被动：sell/wash 等词表 “属性” 时用主动（如 The shirt washes well） 考点一 被动语态的构成 一、被动语态的构成形式 被动语态由“be＋过去分词”构成，be动词有人称、数和时态的变化。被动语态的构成形式还有：get/become＋过去分词。各种时态的被动语态形式如下： 　　形式 时间　　 一般式 进行式 完成式 现在 am/ is/ are done am/ is/are being done have/has been done 过去 was/were done was/were being done had been done 将来 shall/will be done shall/will have　been done 被动语态的使用场合：(1)不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时；(2)强调动作的承受者时。 It is reported that a space station will be built on the moon in years to come. 据报道，一个空间站将在未来的几年内在月球上被建成。 In my hometown，there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat has been cut. 在我的家乡，所有的麦子被收割后，总是要给农民们准备一顿收获的晚餐。 With many forests being destroyed，huge quantities of good earth are being washed away each year. 因为许多森林被毁，每年大量肥沃的泥土被冲走。 二、初中被动语态的各类形式 结构： 1. 一般现在时 2. 一般过去时 3. 一般将来时 4. 过去将来时 5. 现在进行时 6. 过去进行时 7. 现在完成时 8. 过去完成时 9. 带情态动词 １.The article is written (by her). ２.The article was written (by her). ３.The article will be written (by her). 4. Our teacher said the article would be written (by her). 5. The article is being written (by her). 6. The article was being written (by her). 7. The article has been written (by her). 8. The teacher said the article had been written (by her). 9. The article might be written by her. 还原to 使役动词make /let /have及感官动词hear ,see ,find ,watch, feel, etc的特殊用法 1. Mother often makes me do some housework. →I am often made to do some housework by mother. 2. We saw him run into the classroom. →He was seen to run into the classroom by us. 主动表被动： 1. 不及物动词write, sell, wash, open, lock, read, clean, cut, burn, drive，prove, grow（长得），而且主语为物 2. 大多数系动词：be ,feel (摸起来)，sound(听起来)，look(看起来)，smell(闻起来) ，taste（尝起来）, become, fall (asleep), get, keep, remain, seem, stay, turn, grow (变得), appear (呈现) 等 3. 在need/ want/ require doing或be worth doing句型中 1. This kind of shoes sells well.这种鞋子很好卖。 2. This skirt washes easily. 这件裙子很容易洗。 3. The pen writes well.这支钢笔很好写。 4. Ｔhe skirt feels very soft. 这件裙子摸起来很柔软。 5. The mooncakes taste delicious.(这些月饼尝起来很好吃。) 6. My watch needs mending. = My watch needs to be mended. · need/want/require doing = need/want/require to be done 7. The book is worth reading. (这本书值得一读。) 没有被动语态的词: 1. vi.: happen (= take place), break out(爆发)，break down(坏了), result from(缘于)，belong to, consist of, come true, come out，die ,disappear, end (vi. 结束), fail, last, lie, remain, sit, spread（传播）, stand, etc. 2.vt.: cost, fit, have, suit等 3.vt.: 带同源宾语，宾语为反身代词，相互代词  4. vt.: 宾语为不定式或doing 1.The film lasted for 3 hours. 2. Many changes have happened in our hometown. 3. His dream has come true. 4. My photos will come out tomorrow. 5. This car costs 100,000 dollars. 6. We will have a meeting. (但hold a meeting 可以改被动)。 7. She dreamed a bad dream last night.  8. The man introduced himself to everyone. 9. They help each other study English. 10. She likes to swim.  　　 11. She enjoys watching TV. 　　  辨认是否为被动语态 “be+过去分词”有时不能表示被动语态,而只能是系表结构。被动语态表示主语为动作的承受者，而系表结构则表示主语的特点或所处的状态。 1. He is pleased / worried / tired /…(系表结构)(他高兴/焦虑/疲劳……) 2. The door was closed last night. (系表结构，强调状态) 3. The door was closed by Tom last night. （被动语态，强调动作） 【易错提醒】 (1)有些及物动词(短语)不能用于被动语态。常见的有：have有；cost花费；lack缺少；own拥有；belong to属于；take part in参加。 (2)不及物动词(短语)不能用于被动语态。常见的有：happen/take place/occur发生；remain剩下；break out爆发；last持续；come out出版；come up被提出；lose heart失去信心；date from/back to追溯到；run out用完。 一、单项选择 1．（2025·上海闵行·三模）Since the English corner ______ up last month, we have organized six activities. A．has been set B．is set C．was set D．will be set 【答案】C 【详解】句意：自从上个月英语角成立以来，我们已经组织了六次活动。 考查句子时态。has been set现在完成时的被动语态；is set一般现在时的被动语态；was set一般过去时的被动语态；will be set一般将来时的被动语态。“since”引导的从句表示动作的起点，主句用现在完成时have + 过去分词，从句通常用一般过去时，表示过去发生的具体动作。从句中有明确的时间状语“last month”（上个月），强调动作发生在过去，因此从句需用一般过去时。故选C。 2．（2025·上海闵行·三模）It will be a great honor if I ________ to the opening ceremony next week. A．invite B．will invite C．am invited D．will be invited 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果我下周被邀请参加开幕式，那将是一种极大的荣幸。    考查动词时态和语态辨析。invite邀请，动词原形，主动语态；will invite将邀请，一般将来时，主动语态；am invited被邀请，一般现在时，被动语态；will be invited将被邀请，一般将来时，被动语态。根据“It will be a great honor if I ... to the opening ceremony next week.”  可知，句子主语“I”与“邀请”之间是被动关系，因此需用被动语态，句中“next week”表示将来时间，但在“if”引导的条件状语从句中，需用一般现在时表将来。故选C。 3．（2025·上海杨浦·二模）The businessman bought all the pictures that ______ by the famous artist. A．draw B．drew C．were drawn D．were drawing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这位商人买下了所有由这位著名艺术家创作的画作。 考查动词时态和语态。根据题干“that ... by the famous artist”可知，此处需要填入一个被动语态，表示“画作是被艺术家创作的”，且主句时态为过去时（bought），因此应选择一般过去时的被动语态were drawn，故选C。 4．（2025·上海宝山·二模）The International Cartoon Exhibition ________ here every year for fans from all over the world. A．is held B．has been held C．will be held D．was held 【答案】A 【详解】句意：国际卡通展览每年都在这里举办，以迎接来自世界各地的粉丝。   考查动词的时态和语态。is held​​被举办，一般现在时被动语态；has been held现在完成时的被动语态；will be held一般将来时的被动语态；was held一般过去时的被动语态。根据“every year”可知，这是一个经常性、习惯性的动作，所以句子时态应用一般现在时。同时，“The International Cartoon Exhibition”与“hold”之间是被动关系，即展览是被举办的，所以要用一般现在时的被动语态“be + 过去分词”结构。故选A。 5．（2025·上海松江·二模）How beautiful these photos are! I wonder where they ________. A．are taken B．were taken C．will be taken D．had been taken 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这些照片多漂亮啊！我想知道它们在哪里拍的。 考查时态及语态。根据语境可知，拍摄照片的事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时，they指代照片，与谓语为被动关系，用被动语态。故选B。 6．（2025·上海长宁·一模）I think that the kid will do it better if he ________ another chance. A．will be given B．is given C．has been given D．was given 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我认为如果再给这个孩子一次机会，他会做得更好。 考查时态和语态。该句是if引导的是条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，因为主语“he”和“give”之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，因此用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为“he”，填is given。故选B。 7．（2025·上海静安·一模）A speech on AI technology ________ in the coming Tech Festival. A．is given B．was given C．has been given D．will be given 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在即将来到的技术节将会有一个关于AI技术的讲座。 考查一般将来时被动语态。根据“in the coming Tech Festival”可知，本句应该用一般将来时，主语A speech是动作give的承受者，要用一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。 8．（2025·上海嘉定·一模）Shakespeare’s plays on stage more than a million times. A．will be performed B．were performed C．are being performed D．have been performed 【答案】D 【详解】句意：莎士比亚的戏剧已经在舞台上演出了100多万次。 考查动词的时态和语态。will be performed将被表演，一般将来时的被动语态；were performed被表演，一般过去时的被动语态；are being performed正在被表演，现在进行时的被动语态；have been performed已经被表演，现在完成时的被动语态。根据题干中的“more than a million times”可知，表示动作发生在过去，强调对现在造成的影响，故使用现在完成时。故选D。 9．（2024·上海金山·二模）If Kitty another 30 minutes, I think she can finish the oil painting. A．gives B．will give C．is given D．will be given 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果再给Kitty30分钟，我想她能完成这幅油画。 考查动词时态和语态。句子是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时，主语Kitty和谓语give之间是被动关系，所以此处应用一般现在时的被动语态“am/is/are done”。故选C。 10．（2024·上海徐汇·二模）A new kindergarten _________ in the local area in the coming year. A．is built B．was built C．has been built D．will be built 【答案】D 【详解】句意：明年将会有一所新的幼儿园在本地建造。 考查被动语态。is built被建立，为一般现在时的被动语态；was built过去被建立，为一般过去时的被动语态；has been built，已经被建立，为现在完成时的被动语态；will be built将被建立，为一般将来时的被动语态。根据“in the coming year”可知，本句时态为一般将来时，主语A new kindergarten是动作build的承受者，应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为will be +done。故选D。 11．（2024·上海奉贤·二模）Our school sports meeting ________ next month. Now we’re all looking forward to it. A．is held B．will be held C．was held D．has been held 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们学校下个月将召开运动会。现在我们都很期待。 考查时态。is held一般现在时的被动语态；will be held一般将来时的被动语态；was held一般过去的被动语态；has been held现在完成时的被动语态。根据空后的“next month”可知，时态应用一般将来时。故选B。 12．（2024·上海浦东新·二模）It is reported that a new supermarket _______ in our community in about two years. A．be opened B．has been opened C．was opened D．will be opened 【答案】D 【详解】句意：据报道，两年后我们社区将会建一个新超市。 考查时态和语态。根据“in about two years”可知，要用一般将来时，且“supermarket”与“open”之间是被动关系，因此要用一般将来时的被动语态，故选D。 13．（2024·上海黄浦·二模）It is reported that the third airport ________ in Shanghai in two years. A．is built B．was built C．has been built D．will be built 【答案】D 【详解】句意：据报道，上海将在两年内建造第三个机场。 考查时态和语态。根据“in two years”可知，表示两年内将要发生的动作，用一般将来时态，主语airport是谓语动词build的承受者，应用一般将来时被动语态，一般将来时的被动语态结构为wii+be+done。故选D。 14．（2024·上海奉贤·一模）I’m not sure whether the newspaper _____________once a week or not. A．has published B．will publish C．is published D．publishes 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我不确定这份报纸是否每周出版一次。 考查被动语态。主语newspaper和动词publish之间是被动关系，结合“once a week”可知，应用一般现在时的被动语态，故选C。 15．（2024·上海松江·一模）The sea _________ if people keep throwing wastes into it. A．is polluted B．was polluted C．has been polluted D．will be polluted 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如果人们不停地往海里扔垃圾，大海就会被污染。 考查被动语态。句子是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现，故此处主句用一般将来时的被动语态will be done。故选D。 16．（2024·上海宝山·一模）Many graduates ________ by the headmaster to celebrate the school’s 80 birthday last month. A．invited B．have invited C．were invited D．were inviting 【答案】C 【详解】句意：许多毕业生上个月受校长邀请为学校庆祝80岁生日。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。invited邀请，一般过去时；have invited已经邀请，现在完成时；were invited被邀请，一般过去时的被动语态。were inviting正在邀请，过去进行时。根据句意，结合“Many graduates…by the headmaster”可知，主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系，表示毕业生被邀请，结合“last month”可知，本句是一般过去时的被动语态。一般过去时的被动语态的基本结构：was/were+过去分词。主语graduates是复数，所以be动词用were。故选C。 二、完成句子 1．（2025·上海虹口·三模）The volunteers will organize a charity run for homeless children. (改为被动语态) A charity run for homeless children will by the volunteers. 【答案】 be organized 【详解】句意：志愿者们将为无家可归的孩子们组织一次慈善活动。被动语态结构为“be done”，此句时态为一般将来时，空格前有will，因此be用原形，organize的过去分词是organized。故填be；organized。 2．（2025·上海金山·三模）We should keep the hand-made chocolate in a low temperature. （改为被动语态） The hand-made chocolate should in a low temperature. 【答案】 be kept 【详解】句意：我们应将手工巧克力保存在低温环境中。根据“should”可知，这里是含有情态动词的被动语态，结构是：should be done。故填be；kept。 3．（2025·上海闵行·三模）The government will organize an activity to encourage green energy use. (改为被动语态) An activity will by the government to encourage green energy use. 【答案】 be organized 【详解】句意：政府将组织一项活动以鼓励使用绿色能源。原句为主动语态，时态为一般将来时（will + 动词原形）。改为被动语态时，需将主动语态的宾语“an activity”变为被动语态的主语，结构为“will be + 过去分词”。“organize”的过去分词为“organized”，因此空白处应填“be organized”。故填be；organized。 4．（2025·上海杨浦·三模）They sent the letter of invitation to the wrong address. (改为被动语态) The letter of invitation to the wrong address. 【答案】 was sent 【详解】句意：他们把邀请信寄错了地址。原句是一般过去时，其被动语态结构为：was/were done。主语是三单，be动词用was；send的过去分词是sent。故填was；sent。 5．（2025·上海奉贤·二模）Shakespeare wrote Hamlet over 400 years ago, yet it remains famous today.  (改为被动语态) Hamlet by Shakespeare over 400 years ago, yet it remains famous today. 【答案】 was written 【详解】句意：莎士比亚在 400 多年前创作了《哈姆雷特》，然而它在今天依然很著名。被动语态结构是be done，且由原句中“wrote”可知，时态是一般过去时，主语“Hamlet”是三单，故be动词用was，write的过去分词是written。故填was；written。 6．（2025·上海嘉定·二模）The workers had to stop the machine to check for any problem. (改为被动语态) The machine had to by workers to check for any problem. 【答案】 be stopped 【详解】句意：工人们不得不停下机器检查是否有问题。改为被动语态，机器必须被工人停下来检查是否有问题。该句是情态动词的被动语态be stopped“被停下”，情态动词后用动词原形。故填be；stopped。 7．（2025·上海青浦·二模）That sign means: Don’t smoke inside the library! (保持句意基本不变) That sign means isn’t inside the library. 【答案】 smoking allowed 【详解】句意：那个标志的意思是：禁止在图书馆内吸烟！根据“Don’t smoke inside the library!”可知，此句可表达为“在图书馆内吸烟是不被允许的”；动名词smoking“吸烟”作主语；allow“允许”，此处应用过去分词allowed，与“isn’t”构成被动语态。故填smoking；allowed。 8．（2025·上海青浦·二模）Alice got excited when Mrs Wang read her writing as a model in class. (改为被动语态) Alice got excited when her writing as a model in class. 【答案】 was read 【详解】句意：当王老师在课堂上朗读她的作品时，爱丽丝很兴奋。改为被动语态，将原句中的短语read…as“把……读作”，改为被动结构be done，时态为一般过去时，主语为单数，be动词用was，动词read的过去分词为原形。故填was；read。 9．（2025·上海崇明·二模）The local TV station reported the news about the fire last night. (改为被动语态) The news about the fire by the local TV station last night. 【答案】 was reported 【详解】句意：当地电视台昨晚报道了火灾的消息。改为被动语态，需用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were done，主语是The news，be动词用was，was reported“被报道”。故填was；reported。 10．（2025·上海浦东新·二模）The boss will choose the right person to take charge of the sales. (改为被动语态) The right person will by the boss to take charge of the sales. 【答案】 be chosen 【详解】句意：老板会选择合适的人来负责销售。被动语态的结构为“be+动词的过去分词”，根据空前的“will”可知，此处应填be chosen。故填be；chosen。 11．（2025·上海长宁·二模）The government has made laws to stop children under 12 from riding shared bicycles. (改为被动语态) Laws made by the government to stop children under 12 from riding shared bicycles. 【答案】 have been 【详解】句意：政府已经制定法律，禁止12岁以下的儿童骑共享单车。根据“has made”可知，原句时态是现在完成时，改为被动语态，应用现在完成的被动语态have/has been done，主语Laws是复数，助动词用have。故填have；been。 12．（2025·上海宝山·二模）The delivery man left the package at the door yesterday. (改为被动语态) The package at the door by the delivery man yesterday. 【答案】was left 【详解】句意：昨天快递员把包裹留在了门口。根据“The delivery man left...”可知句子应用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done，主语“The package”是第三人称单数，be动词用was，leave的过去分词为left。故填was left。 13．（2025·上海静安·二模）Chinese engineers have tested a new-energy-powered ship in Shanghai recently.（改为被动语态） A new-energy-powered ship tested in Shanghai recently. 【答案】 has been 【详解】句意：中国工程师最近在上海测试了一艘新能源动力船。 现在完成时的被动语态结构为have/has been + 过去分词，原句主语变为被动句的宾语，宾语变为被动句的主语，主语A new-energy-powered ship是单数，助动词用has，故填has；been。 14．（2025·上海金山·二模）People use different apps to help in work and study. (改为被动语态) Different apps to help in work and study by people. 【答案】 are used 【详解】句意：人们使用不同的应用程序来帮助工作和学习。根据“People use”可知，原句时态为一般现在时，且谓语动词为“use”，变为被动语态用一般现在时态的被动语态，结构为am/is/are done。主语为复数的“Different apps”，be动词用are；use的过去分词为used。故填are；used。 15．（2025·上海徐汇·二模）How AI will affect the job market has been discussed by the researchers. (改为主动语态) The researchers how AI will affect the job market. 【答案】 have discussed 【详解】句意：研究人员已经讨论了人工智能将如何影响就业市场。原句是现在完成时的被动语态，改为主动语态时，时态仍为现在完成时，现在完成时主动语态的结构是 “have/has + 过去分词”，主语the researchers是复数，所以用have discussed。故填have；discussed。 考点二 get +done构成被动的用法 get构成的表示被动语态的短语：get paid/lost/hurt等 While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted，Henry did his best to perform his duty. 在等待机会被提拔期间，亨利尽量履行好自己的职责。 We get paid by the week. 我们按周获得薪酬。 1．“系动词feel，sound，taste，look，smell，appear，seem，turn，stay，become，get，grow，keep等＋形容词/名词”构成系表结构，常常以主动形式表示被动意义。 This kind of wool shirt feels soft and sells well. 这种羊毛衫摸起来很软，卖得很好。 2．当sell，read，cut，wash，write，open，wear，run，burn等不及物动词后带状语(well/easily等)修饰，用来表示主语内在的品质或性能时用主动形式表示被动含义。 Have you bought the book that sells well these days? I think it is suitable for us teenagers. 你买最近销售很好的那本书了吗？我认为它非常适合我们青少年。 主动表示被动意义 1．在need，want，require，deserve，bear等动词、worth等形容词的后面，动名词主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。 The house needs repairing/to be repaired. 这房子需要修理。 2．be to rent/blame/let主动形式表被动意义。 Who is to blame for the mistake? 谁应为此错误接受谴责？ The house is to let. 此房出租。 【易错提醒】 1.判断动作的主动 / 被动：若中文强调 “被影响”，直接用被动语态（注意时态与被动的结合，如 “昨天被批评”→一般过去时被动 “was/were criticized”）； 2.检查动词形式（确保过去分词、第三人称单数等细节正确，如被动语态中过去分词的拼写）。 【真题链接】 一、句型转换 （2022·上海中考真题） 1. The research group discovered a new kind of insect last week. （改为被动语态） A new kind of insect _________ _________ by the research group last week. 【答案】 ①. was ②. discovered 【解析】 【详解】句意：该研究小组上周发现了一种新的昆虫。原句是一般过去时，被动语态是一般过去时的被动语态，主语中心词是“kind”，be动词用was。故填was；discovered。 （2021·上海中考真题） 2．Doctor Wu Mengchao saved a lot of patients’ lives. （改为被动语态） A lot of patients’ lives ________ ___________ by Doctor Wu Mengchao. 【答案】were saved 【详解】 句意：吴医生挽救了很多病人的生命。此处改为被动语态，saved是一般过去时，主语a lot of patients' lives是复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式，故填were saved。 （2020·上海中考真题） 3．The 13-year-old one-armed basketball player attracted a lot of fans. （改为被动语态） A lot of fans_____ _____by the 13-year-old one- armed basketball player. 【答案】were attracted 【解析】句意：这位13岁的独臂篮球运动员吸引了许多球迷。原句是一般过去时，改为一般过去时态的被动语态，结构是was/were+过去分词；主语fans复数，助动词用were；故填were attracted。 （2019·上海中考真题） 4. The scientists released the picture of a black hole to the world on April10.（改为被动语态） The picture of a black hole______ ______to the world by the scientists on April 10. 【答案】 (1). was (2). released 【解析】 The scientists released the picture of a black hole to the world on April10.意思是“科学家们于10年4月10日向世界公布了一张黑洞的照片。”这里是改为一般过去时态的被动语态，其结构是was/were done的形式。主语是The picture of a black hole，be动词用单数was。根据题意，故填was released。 （2018·上海中考真题） 5. We will hold a class meeting to talk about team work next Friday(改为被动语态) A class meeting will _____ ______ to talk about team work next Friday. 【答案】be held 【解析】原句为一般将来时，改为被动语态后使用 be 动词原形，hold 改为过去分词 held。 （2017·上海中考真题） 6．The local government organizes the film festival every autumn．（改为被动语态） The film festival　 　 ___________by the local government every autumn． 【答案】is organized 【解析】句意：﹣﹣当地政府每年秋天组织电影节．﹣﹣电影节每年秋天由当地政府组织． 考查被动语态．由organizes 组织，第三人称单数，可知是一般现在时态的被动语态，结构是is/am/are+动词的过去分词．主语是The film festival电影节，单数，因此用be动词单数is．organize的过去分词是organized．答案是is organized．　 （2016·上海中考真题） 7．A middle school student invented a new robot last term. （改为被动语态） A new robot ________ ________ by a middle school student last term. 【答案】     was     invented 【详解】句意；上学期一个中学生发明了一种新的机器人。被动语态的结构是be done，原句中invented是动词过去式，故改为一般过去式被动语态，主语是单数形式，助动词用was，故填was；invented。 二、单选选择 1．（2019·上海·中考真题）Worries in life if you speak out to your close friend. A．will reduce B．were reducing C．will be reduced D．were reduced 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果你和你的密友说话，生活中的忧虑就会减少。 A. will reduce会减少，一般将来时；B. were reducing正在减少，过去进行时；C. will be reduced将被减少，将来时被动语态；D. were reduced被减少，一般过去时态被动语态。这里是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时态，根据主语是Worries可知这里是将来时的被动语态，其结构是will be done的形式。根据题意，故选C。 2．（2017·上海·中考真题）The museum ____________ next month to celebrate the Science & Technology Festival. A．is decorated B．will decorate C．is decorating D．will be decorated 【答案】D 【详解】句意：为庆祝即将举行的科学技术节，这个博物馆下个月就要装修。根据题意，博物馆下个月要进行装修，属于打算，应该用一般将来时，排除A和C选项。同时，博物馆是“被装修”，要用decorate的被动语态，即be decorated，而B是主动式，可排除。故选D。 3．（2015·上海·中考真题）Over $30,000 ______ for a children’s hospital by a British girl several months ago. A．is raised B．was raised C．will be raised D．has been raised 【答案】B 【详解】句意：几个月以前，一个英国女孩为一所儿童医院筹集了三万多美元。… ago多久以前，过去的时间，根据several months ago可知用一般过去时态；主语和谓语动词之间是动宾关系，所以用被动语态。所以选择一般过去时态的被动结构，故选B。 4．（2012·上海·中考真题）I'm sure that stricter roles to control cigarette smoking______ very soon. A．made B．will make C．were made D．will be made 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我相信很快就会有更严格的控制吸烟的措施。 考查被动语态。根据“very soon”可知此句是一般将来时，结合句意可知此句是被动语态，故此句是一般将来时的被动语态，答案选D。 【名校 最新试题】 1．The criminal _________ for his terrible crimes in the 19th century. A．was hanged B．was hung C．hanged D．hung 【来源】上海市实验中学2025-2026学年九年级上学期英语期中阶段成果展示 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个罪犯在19世纪因他的可怕罪行被绞死。 考查词汇辨析和被动语态，hanged绞死；hung悬挂。句子主语“the criminal”是动作承受者，需用被动语态“was hanged”表示被处决。故选A。 2．The students _________ five groups to complete the project together. A．divided into B．were divided into C．were separated into D．divided by 【来源】上海市实验中学2025-2026学年九年级上学期英语期中阶段成果展示 【答案】B 【详解】句意：学生们被分成五个小组一起完成这个项目。   考查一般过去时的被动语态。divided into分成……，过去式；were divided into被分成……，被动语态；were separated into被分离成……，被动语态；divided by被……除。根据“students”和“five groups”可知，是“学生被分成小组”，需用被动语态，“were divided into”符合语义，故选B。 3．The fishing rod _________ catch fish when Sam was a fisherman in England. A．got used to B．used to C．was used to D．is used to 【来源】上海市静安区上海市久隆模范中学2025-2026学年九年级上学期11月期中英语试题 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当山姆在英国是一个渔夫的时候，这个鱼竿被用来捕鱼。 考查动词短语辨析。got used to开始习惯于；used to过去常常做某事；was used to被用来做某事；is used to被用来做某事（一般现在时）。根据语境可知，此处是在描述过去鱼竿的用途，即被用来捕鱼，所以应该用一般过去时的被动语态“was used to”。故选C。 4．Don’t worry. Your package ________ here until you come back, so enjoy shopping here. A．kept B．can keep C．could keep D．can be kept 【来源】上海市市西初级中学2025-2026学年九年级上学期11月期中英语试题 【答案】D 【详解】句意：不要担心。你的包裹可以被保存在这里直到你回来，所以请享受在这里购物。 考查被动语态。主语Your package与谓语keep之间是被动关系，用被动语态，结构为be done，情态动词can后面加be动词原形，keep的过去分词为kept。故选D。 5．The old school building ________ next year. A．rebuild B．will rebuild C．are rebuilt D．will be rebuilt 【来源】上海市回民中学2025-2026学年九年级上学期期中英语试题 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这座旧的教学楼将在明年被重建。 考查动词时态和语态。根据时间状语“next year”可知，句子应用一般将来时；主语“The old school building”是动作rebuild的承受者，因此用被动语态。一般将来时的被动语态结构为：will be + 过去分词。故选D。 6．In the past ten years, different ways ________ to recycle the plastic waste. A．tried B．were tried C．have tried D．have been tried 【来源】上海市浦东新区2025-2026学年九年级上学期期中英语试卷 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在过去的十年里，已经尝试了不同的方法来回收塑料废料。 考查现在完成时的被动语态。根据时间状语“in the past ten years”表示从过去持续到现在，需用现在完成时；主语“different ways”是动作的受动者，所以应用现在完成时的被动语态“have/has been done”。故选D。 7．Computers can ________ a lot of things A．used to do B．be used to do C．used to doing D．be used to doing 【来源】上海市陆行中学南校2025-2026学年九年级上学期期中考试英语试卷 【答案】B 【详解】句意：电脑可以被用来做很多事情。 考查动词短语。used to do过去常常做某事；be used to do被用来做某事；used to doing表述错误，正确形式为be used to doing，意为“习惯于做某事”；be used to doing习惯于做某事，主语是人，后接动名词。本句主语“Computers”是物，表示“被用来做很多事情”，需用被动语态的“be used to do”表用途。故选B。 8．The foreign guests ________ around our city by our school bus this afternoon. A．will show B．will be shown C．are shown D．are going to show. 【来源】上海市浦东新区2025-2026学年九年级上学期期中英语试卷 【答案】B 【详解】句意：今天下午，外宾将乘坐我们的校车被带领参观我们的城市。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据“this afternoon”可知动作还未进行，所以用一般将来时；show sb. around表示“带某人参观” ，主语“The foreign guests”与动词“show”之间存在被动关系，应使用被动语态。故选B。 9．The sick commuters ________ one after another by the farmers this morning. A．examine B．are examined C．examined D．were examined 【来源】上海市金山区2025-2026学年九年级上学期期中考试英语试卷 【答案】D 【详解】句意：今天早上，生病的通勤者们被农民们一个接一个地检查。 考查被动语态和时态。分析句子可知，主语“The sick commuters”是动作的承受者，需用被动语态；时间状语“this morning”表示过去的时间，因此用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were+动词的过去分词”，主语是复数，be动词用were。故选D。 10．Do you know that bamboo can ________ wonderful furniture? A．used to make B．used to making C．be used to make D．be used to making 【来源】上海市进才中学北校2025-2026学年九年级上学期期中评价英语学科试卷 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你知道竹子可以被用来制作精美的家具吗？ 考查被动语态和动词用法。used to do sth.过去常常做某事；be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事；be used to do sth.被用来做某事。根据“bamboo can...wonderful furniture?”可知，竹子能够被用来制作家具，应用“be used to do sth.”这一结构，且情态动词can后接动词原形。故选C。 11．This kind of flower ________ every day, or it will die. A．must water B．must be watered C．should water D．can be watered 【来源】上海市嘉定区七校联考2025-2026学年九年级上学期期中英语试题 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这种花必须每天浇水，否则它会死。 考查被动语态和情态动词的用法。must water必须浇水；must be watered必须被浇水；should water应该浇水；can be watered能够被浇水。主语“this kind of flower”与动词“water”之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，需用被动语态，结构为be done。排除选项A和C；根据“or it will die”可知，不浇水，花就会死，此处强调必要性，用must be watered。故选B。 12．A lot of fish are often ________up on the tree in the countryside when Chinese New Year is coming. A．are hanged B．are hanging C．is hanged D．are hung 【来源】上海市市北初级中学教育集团联考2025-2026学年九年级上学期11月期中英语试题 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当春节来临时，在农村，许多鱼经常被挂在树上。 考查主谓一致、被动语态和词汇辨析。are hanged被绞死；are hanging正在悬挂；is hanged被绞死；are hung被悬挂。主语“A lot of fish”表示复数概念，需用复数动词；鱼是被人悬挂在树上的，因此需用被动语态；hang表示“悬挂”时过去分词为hung，而hanged意为“绞死”，所以D项符合。故选D。 13．Personalized learning plans ________ for every student by AI systems in the near future. A．are created B．have been created C．were created D．will be created 【来源】上海市普陀区2025-2026学年九年级上学期期中英语考试卷 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在不久的将来，人工智能系统将为每个学生创建个性化学习计划。 考查动词时态和语态。根据时间状语“in the near future”可知，句子应用一般将来时；且主语“Personalized learning plans”是动作的承受者，应用被动语态，一般将来时的被动语态结构为will be done，故选D。 14．The annual English speech competition in our school _________ by the Students’ Union every November. A．organizes B．is organized C．organized D．was organized 【来源】上海市博世凯及20校联考2025-2026学年九年级上学期期中英语试题 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们学校的一年一度英语演讲比赛每年十一月由学生会组织。 考查被动语态。organizes一般现在时；is organized一般现在时的被动语态；organized一般过去时；was organized一般过去时的被动语态。根据“The annual English speech competition in our school...by the Students’ Union every November.”可知，句中主语“The annual English speech competition”与动词“organize”是被动关系，时间状语“every November”表明句子时态是一般现在时，因此使用一般现在时的被动语态。故选B。 15．The students are having a discussion about a problem and answers ________ after that. A．are collecting B．will collect C．were collected D．will be collected 【来源】上海市建平中学西校2025-2026学年九年级上学期10月月考英语试卷 【答案】D 【详解】句意：学生们正在讨论一个问题，然后答案将会被收集。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。主语“answers”与动词“collect”之间是被动关系，且“after that”表示将来时间，需用将来时被动语态（will be done）。are collecting正在收集，是现在进行时主动语态；will collect将收集，是一般将来时主动语态；were collected被收集，是一般过去时被动语态；will be collected将被收集，是一般将来时被动语态，符合句意和语法。故选D。 16．It was reported that a new library ________ by the mayor in our community in about three months. A．would open B．will open C．would be opened D．will be opened 【来源】上海市华二前滩五校联考2024-2025学年九年级上学期期中考试英语试卷 【答案】C 【详解】句意：据报道，大约三个月后，我们社区的新图书馆将由市长主持开放。 考查时态和语态。根据“It was reported”可知，主句为一般过去时，从句需用过去的某种时态；再根据“in about three months”可知，从句需用将来时，因此此处需用过去将来时；又因为主语“a new library”和动词“open”之间是被动关系，表示“图书馆被开放”，所以此处需用过去将来时的被动语态，其结构为“would be+动词的过去分词”。故填C。 17．It was reported that a variety of new weapons ________ for the first time during the recent Tian’anmen parade. A．has shown B．have shown C．was shown D．were shown 【来源】上海市徐汇区四校联考2025-2026学年上学期九年级9月英语月考题 【答案】D 【详解】句意：据报道，在最近的天安门阅兵中，多种新武器首次亮相。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。分析句子可知，主语a variety of new weapons与谓语动词之间是被动关系，再由“during the recent Tian’anmen parade”可知，时态是一般过去时，此处用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语动词构成是was/were done，主语是复数，be动词用were。故选D。 18．Red lanterns ________ in stores to attract customers during the Spring Festival. A．hang B．hanged C．are hanged D．are hung 【来源】上海市实验学校2025-2026学年九年级上学期9月月考英语试卷 【答案】D 【详解】句意：春节期间，红灯笼被挂在商店里以吸引顾客。 考查被动语态。hang“悬挂”，其过去式和过去分词为hung；hang“绞死”，其过去式和过去分词为hanged。根据“Red lanterns...in stores to attract customers during the Spring Festival.”可知，这里是指挂红灯笼，“红灯笼”与“挂”之间是被动关系，其结构是“be + 过去分词”；又因为主语“Red lanterns”是复数，且句子描述的是春节期间经常发生的事情，时态为一般现在时，所以be动词用are，过去分词用hung。故选D。 19．He looks worried because his notebook ________ by mistake yesterday. A．took B．was taken C．takes D．is taken 【来源】上海 建平西校 2024-2025学年九年级上学期 期中考试英语试题 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他看起来很担心，因为他的笔记本昨天被错拿了。 考查时态和语态。根据“yesterday”可知，此句时态为一般过去时，主语notebook和动词take是被动关系，应该用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词用was。故选B。 20．Great progress ________ by the research team in fighting against cancer in the past few years. A．has made B．have been made C．have made D．has been made 【来源】上海浦东部分学校2023--2024学年九年级上学期12月联考英语试卷 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在过去的几年里，研究团队在抗击癌症方面已经取得巨大进步。 考查被动语态和现在完成时态。has made为现在完成时态的主动语态；have been made为现在完成时态的被动语态；have made为现在完成时态的主动语态；have been made为现在完成时态的被动语态。根据“Great progress...by the research team”可知，主语“Great progress”与谓语动词“make”之间为动宾关系，谓语动词用被动语态，排除AC选项，且“progress”为不可数名词，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，have的第三人称单数形式为has。故选D。 【创新 拔高题】（适合参考高中名校自招及学霸） 1．She (ban) from athletics for two years after failing a drug test. 【答案】was banned 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：由于药检不合格，她被禁赛两年。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定短语ban from，意为“禁止进入；禁止参加”，主语she和ban之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，且根据语境可知，该句陈述过去事实，因此可使用一般过去时。故填was banned。 2．Children under fourteen must (accompany) by an adult. 【答案】be accompanied 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：14岁以下的儿童必须由成人陪同。主语children与谓语accompany之间是被动关系，使用被动语态be done，空前有情态动词must，后用动词原形。故填be accompanied。 3．Mary (employ) at this job since she graduated from college. 【答案】has been employed 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：玛丽大学毕业后就一直从事这份工作。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，时间状语为since she graduated from college，表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在，时态应用现在完成时，employ和主语Mary之间是被动关系，需用被动语态，且主语为单数，助动词用has。故填has been employed。 4．It was the first time that I (ask) to sing in public and I was a bit nervous. 【答案】had been asked 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：这是我第一次被要求在公共场合唱歌，我有点紧张。it was the first time that...为固定句型，表示“这是第一次……”，其中that引导的从句应用过去完成时，结合语意，ask与主语I之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填had been asked。 5．It (estimate) that more than 20 million shared bikes will have been put into operation nationwide by 2025. 【答案】is estimated 【详解】考查时态和被动。句意：据估计，到2025年，全国将有超过2000万辆共享单车投入运营。分析可知，所填动词为主句的谓语动词，结合语境在讲述客观事实，用一般现在时。“It”为形式主语，真正主语为that引导的从句“more than 20 million shared bikes will have been put into operation nationwide by 2025(到2025年，全国将有超过2000万辆共享单车投入运营)”，指代一件事，与动词“estimate(估计)”之间为被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态：is done。故填is estimated。 6．The manager commanded that measures (take) immediately to correct all the mistakes made in marketing. 【答案】should be taken/be taken 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：经理命令立即采取措施纠正营销中所犯的一切错误。分析句子结构可知，此处为宾语从句的谓语动词，宾语从句作command的宾语时，其谓语动词应使用“should+动词原形”，且should可以省略，take与句子主语measures之间为被动关系，所以从句中的谓语动词应为should be taken，或者省去should为be taken。故填(should) be taken。 7．As you diverse cultures, you may feel transported through time and space.(expose) 【答案】are exposed 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：当你接触到不同的文化时，你可能会觉得穿越了时间和空间。主语you和动词expose之间是被动关系，且句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，be动词用are，故填are exposed。 8．Yesterday the invitation to the party (turn) down by Linda because she had another plan. 【答案】was turned 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：昨天，琳达拒绝了参加晚会的邀请，因为她另有计划。根据“Yesterday”可知，句子在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，turn down“拒绝”和主语invitation之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是单数名词，be动词应用was。故填was turned。 9．Three women and their children (rescue) from the burning house by the firemen since the fire broke out. 【答案】have been rescued 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：自从火灾发生后，消防队员已经从着火的房子里救出了三个妇女和她们的孩子。此句为主从复合句，设空处在主句中作谓语，由时间状语从句since the fire broke out可知主句为现在完成时，主语Three women and their children与动词rescue之间为被动关系，此主句谓语用现在完成时的被动语态，Three women and their children作主语，谓语动词用复数。故填have been rescued。 10．A pink river dolphin leapt out of the Amazon River and (spot) by a local fisherman. 【答案】was spotted 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：一只粉红色的河豚从亚马逊河跃出，并且被当地一个渔民发现。主语A pink river dolphin与谓语spot构成被动关系，根据上文A pink river dolphin leapt out of the Amazon River可知为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为A pink river dolphin是单数，be动词用was。故填was spotted。 21 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题08 被动语态 目录 01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02 思维导图·网络构建 3 03 考点通关·靶向突破 3 ★ 考点一 被动语态的构成 3 ★ 考点二 一般过去时 12 04 优题精选·练能提分 14 考点 课标要求 复习目标 1. 被动语态的基本结构（不同时态：一般现在 / 过去 / 将来时、现在 / 过去进行时、现在 / 过去完成时的被动形式） 2. 被动语态的特殊用法（情态动词 + 被动；感官 / 使役动词的被动（还原 to）；不定式的被动 3. 主动表被动的常见情况（sell/wash 等动词表 “属性” 的主动表被动；need doing 等固定搭配） 1. 掌握被动语态在不同时态下的核心结构，能正确转换主动与被动语态2. 熟悉被动语态的特殊用法，明确感官 / 使役动词被动的 “to 还原” 规则 3. 区分主动表被动的语境与词汇，准确运用被动相关表达 1. 系统梳理被动语态的时态结构，强化不同时态下被动形式的精准运用 2. 熟练掌握被动语态的特殊规则（情态动词被动、to 还原等），厘清易混点 3. 精准区分主动表被动的场景，提升语境中被动表达的语用准确性 命题规则 被动语态是中考英语的高频基础考点之一。主要命题角度：不同时态的被动结构辨析（高频）、特殊结构的被动形式（如情态动词 + 被动、感官动词的被动，高频）、主动表被动的语境辨析（中频）。 解题锦囊 锦囊 1：判断被动的核心标志—— 出现 “by + 动作执行者”、语境体现 “动作承受者作主语” 时，优先考虑被动语态； 锦囊 2：时态被动结构速记—— 核心公式：“be（对应时态形式）+ 动词过去分词”，如： 一般现在时：am/is/are + done 一般过去时：was/were + done 一般将来时：will be + done 锦囊 3：特殊情况易错点—— 1. 情态动词被动：“情态动词 + be + done”（如 must be finished）；—— 2. 感官 / 使役动词被动：还原 to（如 sb. was seen to go out）；—— 3. 主动表被动：sell/wash 等词表 “属性” 时用主动（如 The shirt washes well） 考点一 被动语态的构成 一、被动语态的构成形式 被动语态由“be＋过去分词”构成，be动词有人称、数和时态的变化。被动语态的构成形式还有：get/become＋过去分词。各种时态的被动语态形式如下： 　　形式 时间　　 一般式 进行式 完成式 现在 am/ is/ are done am/ is/are being done have/has been done 过去 was/were done was/were being done had been done 将来 shall/will be done shall/will have　been done 被动语态的使用场合：(1)不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时；(2)强调动作的承受者时。 It is reported that a space station will be built on the moon in years to come. 据报道，一个空间站将在未来的几年内在月球上被建成。 In my hometown，there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat has been cut. 在我的家乡，所有的麦子被收割后，总是要给农民们准备一顿收获的晚餐。 With many forests being destroyed，huge quantities of good earth are being washed away each year. 因为许多森林被毁，每年大量肥沃的泥土被冲走。 二、初中被动语态的各类形式 结构： 1. 一般现在时 2. 一般过去时 3. 一般将来时 4. 过去将来时 5. 现在进行时 6. 过去进行时 7. 现在完成时 8. 过去完成时 9. 带情态动词 １.The article is written (by her). ２.The article was written (by her). ３.The article will be written (by her). 4. Our teacher said the article would be written (by her). 5. The article is being written (by her). 6. The article was being written (by her). 7. The article has been written (by her). 8. The teacher said the article had been written (by her). 9. The article might be written by her. 还原to 使役动词make /let /have及感官动词hear ,see ,find ,watch, feel, etc的特殊用法 1. Mother often makes me do some housework. →I am often made to do some housework by mother. 2. We saw him run into the classroom. →He was seen to run into the classroom by us. 主动表被动： 1. 不及物动词write, sell, wash, open, lock, read, clean, cut, burn, drive，prove, grow（长得），而且主语为物 2. 大多数系动词：be ,feel (摸起来)，sound(听起来)，look(看起来)，smell(闻起来) ，taste（尝起来）, become, fall (asleep), get, keep, remain, seem, stay, turn, grow (变得), appear (呈现) 等 3. 在need/ want/ require doing或be worth doing句型中 1. This kind of shoes sells well.这种鞋子很好卖。 2. This skirt washes easily. 这件裙子很容易洗。 3. The pen writes well.这支钢笔很好写。 4. Ｔhe skirt feels very soft. 这件裙子摸起来很柔软。 5. The mooncakes taste delicious.(这些月饼尝起来很好吃。) 6. My watch needs mending. = My watch needs to be mended. · need/want/require doing = need/want/require to be done 7. The book is worth reading. (这本书值得一读。) 没有被动语态的词: 1. vi.: happen (= take place), break out(爆发)，break down(坏了), result from(缘于)，belong to, consist of, come true, come out，die ,disappear, end (vi. 结束), fail, last, lie, remain, sit, spread（传播）, stand, etc. 2.vt.: cost, fit, have, suit等 3.vt.: 带同源宾语，宾语为反身代词，相互代词  4. vt.: 宾语为不定式或doing 1.The film lasted for 3 hours. 2. Many changes have happened in our hometown. 3. His dream has come true. 4. My photos will come out tomorrow. 5. This car costs 100,000 dollars. 6. We will have a meeting. (但hold a meeting 可以改被动)。 7. She dreamed a bad dream last night.  8. The man introduced himself to everyone. 9. They help each other study English. 10. She likes to swim.  　　 11. She enjoys watching TV. 　　  辨认是否为被动语态 “be+过去分词”有时不能表示被动语态,而只能是系表结构。被动语态表示主语为动作的承受者，而系表结构则表示主语的特点或所处的状态。 1. He is pleased / worried / tired /…(系表结构)(他高兴/焦虑/疲劳……) 2. The door was closed last night. (系表结构，强调状态) 3. The door was closed by Tom last night. （被动语态，强调动作） 【易错提醒】 (1)有些及物动词(短语)不能用于被动语态。常见的有：have有；cost花费；lack缺少；own拥有；belong to属于；take part in参加。 (2)不及物动词(短语)不能用于被动语态。常见的有：happen/take place/occur发生；remain剩下；break out爆发；last持续；come out出版；come up被提出；lose heart失去信心；date from/back to追溯到；run out用完。 一、单项选择 1．（2025·上海闵行·三模）Since the English corner ______ up last month, we have organized six activities. A．has been set B．is set C．was set D．will be set 2．（2025·上海闵行·三模）It will be a great honor if I ________ to the opening ceremony next week. A．invite B．will invite C．am invited D．will be invited 3．（2025·上海杨浦·二模）The businessman bought all the pictures that ______ by the famous artist. A．draw B．drew C．were drawn D．were drawing 4．（2025·上海宝山·二模）The International Cartoon Exhibition ________ here every year for fans from all over the world. A．is held B．has been held C．will be held D．was held 5．（2025·上海松江·二模）How beautiful these photos are! I wonder where they ________. A．are taken B．were taken C．will be taken D．had been taken 6．（2025·上海长宁·一模）I think that the kid will do it better if he ________ another chance. A．will be given B．is given C．has been given D．was given 7．（2025·上海静安·一模）A speech on AI technology ________ in the coming Tech Festival. A．is given B．was given C．has been given D．will be given 8．（2025·上海嘉定·一模）Shakespeare’s plays on stage more than a million times. A．will be performed B．were performed C．are being performed D．have been performed 9．（2024·上海金山·二模）If Kitty another 30 minutes, I think she can finish the oil painting. A．gives B．will give C．is given D．will be given 10．（2024·上海徐汇·二模）A new kindergarten _________ in the local area in the coming year. A．is built B．was built C．has been built D．will be built 11．（2024·上海奉贤·二模）Our school sports meeting ________ next month. Now we’re all looking forward to it. A．is held B．will be held C．was held D．has been held 12．（2024·上海浦东新·二模）It is reported that a new supermarket _______ in our community in about two years. A．be opened B．has been opened C．was opened D．will be opened 13．（2024·上海黄浦·二模）It is reported that the third airport ________ in Shanghai in two years. A．is built B．was built C．has been built D．will be built 14．（2024·上海奉贤·一模）I’m not sure whether the newspaper _____________once a week or not. A．has published B．will publish C．is published D．publishes 15．（2024·上海松江·一模）The sea _________ if people keep throwing wastes into it. A．is polluted B．was polluted C．has been polluted D．will be polluted 16．（2024·上海宝山·一模）Many graduates ________ by the headmaster to celebrate the school’s 80 birthday last month. A．invited B．have invited C．were invited D．were inviting 二、完成句子 1．（2025·上海虹口·三模）The volunteers will organize a charity run for homeless children. (改为被动语态) A charity run for homeless children will by the volunteers. 2．（2025·上海金山·三模）We should keep the hand-made chocolate in a low temperature. （改为被动语态） The hand-made chocolate should in a low temperature. 3．（2025·上海闵行·三模）The government will organize an activity to encourage green energy use. (改为被动语态) An activity will by the government to encourage green energy use. 4．（2025·上海杨浦·三模）They sent the letter of invitation to the wrong address. (改为被动语态) The letter of invitation to the wrong address. 5．（2025·上海奉贤·二模）Shakespeare wrote Hamlet over 400 years ago, yet it remains famous today.  (改为被动语态) Hamlet by Shakespeare over 400 years ago, yet it remains famous today. 6．（2025·上海嘉定·二模）The workers had to stop the machine to check for any problem. (改为被动语态) The machine had to by workers to check for any problem. 7．（2025·上海青浦·二模）That sign means: Don’t smoke inside the library! (保持句意基本不变) That sign means isn’t inside the library. 8．（2025·上海青浦·二模）Alice got excited when Mrs Wang read her writing as a model in class. (改为被动语态) Alice got excited when her writing as a model in class. 9．（2025·上海崇明·二模）The local TV station reported the news about the fire last night. (改为被动语态) The news about the fire by the local TV station last night. 10．（2025·上海浦东新·二模）The boss will choose the right person to take charge of the sales. (改为被动语态) The right person will by the boss to take charge of the sales. 11．（2025·上海长宁·二模）The government has made laws to stop children under 12 from riding shared bicycles. (改为被动语态) Laws made by the government to stop children under 12 from riding shared bicycles. 12．（2025·上海宝山·二模）The delivery man left the package at the door yesterday. (改为被动语态) The package at the door by the delivery man yesterday. 13．（2025·上海静安·二模）Chinese engineers have tested a new-energy-powered ship in Shanghai recently.（改为被动语态） A new-energy-powered ship tested in Shanghai recently. 14．（2025·上海金山·二模）People use different apps to help in work and study. (改为被动语态) Different apps to help in work and study by people. 15．（2025·上海徐汇·二模）How AI will affect the job market has been discussed by the researchers. (改为主动语态) The researchers how AI will affect the job market. 考点二 get +done构成被动的用法 get构成的表示被动语态的短语：get paid/lost/hur等 While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted，Henry did his best to perform his duty. 在等待机会被提拔期间，亨利尽量履行好自己的职责。 We get paid by the week. 我们按周获得薪酬。 1．“系动词feel，sound，taste，look，smell，appear，seem，turn，stay，become，get，grow，keep等＋形容词/名词”构成系表结构，常常以主动形式表示被动意义。 This kind of wool shirt feels soft and sells well. 这种羊毛衫摸起来很软，卖得很好。 2．当sell，read，cut，wash，write，open，wear，run，burn等不及物动词后带状语(well/easily等)修饰，用来表示主语内在的品质或性能时用主动形式表示被动含义。 Have you bought the book that sells well these days? I think it is suitable for us teenagers. 你买最近销售很好的那本书了吗？我认为它非常适合我们青少年。 主动表示被动意义 1．在need，want，require，deserve，bear等动词、worth等形容词的后面，动名词主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。 The house needs repairing/to be repaired. 这房子需要修理。 2．be to rent/blame/let主动形式表被动意义。 Who is to blame for the mistake? 谁应为此错误接受谴责？ The house is to let. 此房出租。 【易错提醒】 1.判断动作的主动 / 被动：若中文强调 “被影响”，直接用被动语态（注意时态与被动的结合，如 “昨天被批评”→一般过去时被动 “was/were criticized”）； 2.检查动词形式（确保过去分词、第三人称单数等细节正确，如被动语态中过去分词的拼写）。 【真题链接】 一、句型转换 （2022·上海中考真题） 1. The research group discovered a new kind of insect last week. （改为被动语态） A new kind of insect _________ _________ by the research group last week. （2021·上海中考真题） 2．Doctor Wu Mengchao saved a lot of patients’ lives. （改为被动语态） A lot of patients’ lives ________ ___________ by Doctor Wu Mengchao. （2020·上海中考真题） 3．The 13-year-old one-armed basketball player attracted a lot of fans. （改为被动语态） A lot of fans_____ _____by the 13-year-old one- armed basketball player. （2019·上海中考真题） 4. The scientists released the picture of a black hole to the world on April10.（改为被动语态） The picture of a black hole______ ______to the world by the scientists on April 10. （2018·上海中考真题） 5. We will hold a class meeting to talk about team work next Friday(改为被动语态) A class meeting will _____ ______ to talk about team work next Friday. （2017·上海中考真题） 6．The local government organizes the film festival every autumn．（改为被动语态） The film festival　 　 ___________by the local government every autumn． （2016·上海中考真题） 7．A middle school student invented a new robot last term. （改为被动语态） A new robot ________ ________ by a middle school student last term. 二、单选选择 1．（2019·上海·中考真题）Worries in life if you speak out to your close friend. A．will reduce B．were reducing C．will be reduced D．were reduced 2．（2017·上海·中考真题）The museum ____________ next month to celebrate the Science & Technology Festival. A．is decorated B．will decorate C．is decorating D．will be decorated 3．（2015·上海·中考真题）Over $30,000 ______ for a children’s hospital by a British girl several months ago. A．is raised B．was raised C．will be raised D．has been raised 4．（2012·上海·中考真题）I'm sure that stricter roles to control cigarette smoking______ very soon. A．made B．will make C．were made D．will be made 【名校 最新试题】 1．The criminal _________ for his terrible crimes in the 19th century. A．was hanged B．was hung C．hanged D．hung 【来源】上海市实验中学2025-2026学年九年级上学期英语期中阶段成果展示 2．The students _________ five groups to complete the project together. A．divided into B．were divided into C．were separated into D．divided by 【来源】上海市实验中学2025-2026学年九年级上学期英语期中阶段成果展示 3．The fishing rod _________ catch fish when Sam was a fisherman in England. A．got used to B．used to C．was used to D．is used to 【来源】上海市静安区上海市久隆模范中学2025-2026学年九年级上学期11月期中英语试题 4．Don’t worry. Your package ________ here until you come back, so enjoy shopping here. A．kept B．can keep C．could keep D．can be kept 【来源】上海市市西初级中学2025-2026学年九年级上学期11月期中英语试题 5．The old school building ________ next year. A．rebuild B．will rebuild C．are rebuilt D．will be rebuilt 【来源】上海市回民中学2025-2026学年九年级上学期期中英语试题 6．In the past ten years, different ways ________ to recycle the plastic waste. A．tried B．were tried C．have tried D．have been tried 【来源】上海市浦东新区2025-2026学年九年级上学期期中英语试卷 7．Computers can ________ a lot of things A．used to do B．be used to do C．used to doing D．be used to doing 【来源】上海市陆行中学南校2025-2026学年九年级上学期期中考试英语试卷 8．The foreign guests ________ around our city by our school bus this afternoon. A．will show B．will be shown C．are shown D．are going to show. 【来源】上海市浦东新区2025-2026学年九年级上学期期中英语试卷 9．The sick commuters ________ one after another by the farmers this morning. A．examine B．are examined C．examined D．were examined 【来源】上海市金山区2025-2026学年九年级上学期期中考试英语试卷 10．Do you know that bamboo can ________ wonderful furniture? A．used to make B．used to making C．be used to make D．be used to making 【来源】上海市进才中学北校2025-2026学年九年级上学期期中评价英语学科试卷 11．This kind of flower ________ every day, or it will die. A．must water B．must be watered C．should water D．can be watered 【来源】上海市嘉定区七校联考2025-2026学年九年级上学期期中英语试题 12．A lot of fish are often ________up on the tree in the countryside when Chinese New Year is coming. A．are hanged B．are hanging C．is hanged D．are hung 【来源】上海市市北初级中学教育集团联考2025-2026学年九年级上学期11月期中英语试题 13．Personalized learning plans ________ for every student by AI systems in the near future. A．are created B．have been created C．were created D．will be created 【来源】上海市普陀区2025-2026学年九年级上学期期中英语考试卷 14．The annual English speech competition in our school _________ by the Students’ Union every November. A．organizes B．is organized C．organized D．was organized 【来源】上海市博世凯及20校联考2025-2026学年九年级上学期期中英语试题 15．The students are having a discussion about a problem and answers ________ after that. A．are collecting B．will collect C．were collected D．will be collected 【来源】上海市建平中学西校2025-2026学年九年级上学期10月月考英语试卷 16．It was reported that a new library ________ by the mayor in our community in about three months. A．would open B．will open C．would be opened D．will be opened 【来源】上海市华二前滩五校联考2024-2025学年九年级上学期期中考试英语试卷 17．It was reported that a variety of new weapons ________ for the first time during the recent Tian’anmen parade. A．has shown B．have shown C．was shown D．were shown 【来源】上海市徐汇区四校联考2025-2026学年上学期九年级9月英语月考题 18．Red lanterns ________ in stores to attract customers during the Spring Festival. A．hang B．hanged C．are hanged D．are hung 【来源】上海市实验学校2025-2026学年九年级上学期9月月考英语试卷 19．He looks worried because his notebook ________ by mistake yesterday. A．took B．was taken C．takes D．is taken 【来源】上海 建平西校 2024-2025学年九年级上学期 期中考试英语试题 20．Great progress ________ by the research team in fighting against cancer in the past few years. A．has made B．have been made C．have made D．has been made 【来源】上海浦东部分学校2023--2024学年九年级上学期12月联考英语试卷 【创新 拔高题】（适合参考高中名校自招及学霸） 1．She (ban) from athletics for two years after failing a drug test. 2．Children under fourteen must (accompany) by an adult. 3．Mary (employ) at this job since she graduated from college. 4．It was the first time that I (ask) to sing in public and I was a bit nervous. 5．It (estimate) that more than 20 million shared bikes will have been put into operation nationwide by 2025. 6．The manager commanded that measures (take) immediately to correct all the mistakes made in marketing. 7．As you diverse cultures, you may feel transported through time and space.(expose) 8．Yesterday the invitation to the party (turn) down by Linda because she had another plan. 9．Three women and their children (rescue) from the burning house by the firemen since the fire broke out. 10．A pink river dolphin leapt out of the Amazon River and (spot) by a local fisherman. 21 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $