专题04 阅读理解 （记叙文）（期末真题汇编，山东专用）高二英语上学期

专题04 阅读理解（记叙文） 主题01 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·山东青岛·期末） The last time I visited my parents, I borrowed a novel from the shelves in my old bedroom. The books there once belonged to me, but over the decades, my father has taken over the space. It’s fitting. I grew up in a house full of books, free to explore anything, as long as I returned it. But that’s harder now. My parents, in their 80s, still live in Manhattan, while I’m in Los Angeles. The book I grabbed was a novel by S. A．Cosby. At first, I was surprised my father knew of him, but why not? For as long as I can remember, he’s been a regular at his neighborhood bookstore. He used to say he wouldn’t mind aging as long as he could read. Even now, I often find him with a book, though I fear he’s begun to fall out of the narrative (叙述). I didn’t read the book until I was back in Southern California. I didn’t want my father to know I had the book. I didn’t want him to feel any stress about it, though the two of us have been talking books ever since I was 12. I didn’t want to know what he might or might not recall. Opening it felt like opening a conversation with my father, retracing his steps and reading through his eyes. I enjoyed the novel, though that’s beside the point. What struck me most was a plotline about feeling sad for one’s parents, a process I’m beginning to understand. When I finished, I ran my fingers over my father’s mark on the cover, those letters he’d pressed into the cover with a hand-held metal press, spelling out a name the same as mine. Then I slipped the book into my suitcase, certain to return it next time I visit. 1．Why is it fitting for the father to take over the author’s old space? A．Because both are attached to reading. B．Because the father loves collecting books. C．Because the author’s books are preserved there. D．Because the father needs space for bookshelves. 2．Why did the author not want his father to know he had the book? A．To put the book into his own collection. B．To avoid pressure on his father to discuss it. C．To free his father from too much reading. D．To maintain a sense of privacy in reading. 3．How did the author feel while reading Cosby’s novel? A．Inspired by the plotline. B．Connected to his father. C．Eager to share with others. D．Surprised at his father’s mark. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Returning Home B．Love through Pages C．The Power of Books D．My Father, a Great Reader Passage 2 （24-25学年高二上·山东济南·期末） For decades, Jean Moffatt has been reaching out over the airwaves. As an amateur radio operator, Moffatt has connected with people worldwide. “By sending signals to satellites, I’ve talked to people from the Arctic to the Antarctic,” Moffatt said. And on Wednesday at the Ontario Science Centre, the 96-year-old got to go even further. An amateur radio connection allowed the senior and students to speak with Commander Luca aboard the International Space Station. By connection, Moffatt told the astronaut she was very excited, admitting that this was a bucket-list wish she had for many years. Then Moffatt asked if Luca could keep the space station clean and tidy, adding that as a “mature woman” she had done lots of cleaning in her life. When Moffatt was a young girl, she moved to Toronto with her family, hoping there would be chances for a girl interested in science. She desperately wanted to go to university, but moving house placed a significant burden on their finances. Not discouraged, she took a course in amateur radio, then a popular technology, and shortly after she got her license. After retiring, Moffatt started volunteering at the Ontario Science Centre. Armed with her radio license, she helped set up the centre’s first radio shack (无线电设备室). The idea to connect with the International Space Station came just after Moffatt’s 36th birthday. Finally after 60 years with the help of amateur radio operators and NASA, Moffatt made her connection. While the connection wasn’t very clear, she was S moved to tears, telling those who had gathered to watch that it was the “highlight” of her life. Moffatt plans to keep volunteering at the centre, introducing younger people to the older form of technology, and to keep speaking to anyone who can pick up her signal. “It’s a technology even older than me and I love amateur radio,” Moffatt added. 1．What can we learn about Moffatt from the first two paragraphs? A．She attempted an Internet talk. B．She was an environmentalist. C．She was into space exploration. D．She achieved a lifetime goal. 2．Why did Moffatt and her family move to Toronto? A．To pursue a radio license. B．To seek better opportunities. C．To attend a radio school. D．To survive financial troubles. 3．What does Moffatt plan to do further? A．Promote radio communication. B．Continue her passion for radio. C．Start her radio shack business. D．Acquire new scientific ability. 4．Which of the following can best describe Moffatt? A．Creative and ambitious. B．Out-spoken and energetic. C．Passionate and determined. D．Broad-minded and generous. Passage 3 （24-25学年高二上·山东烟台·期末） Having spent numerous hours of her middle school days working on the SmartCane, a sensor-enabled walking assistance stick intended for people with vision problems, Riya Karumanchi made it and won multiple awards for it. Her inspiration for the cane was stimulated when she visited a friend’s house and spotted his blind grandmother struggling with her moving and sensing. She found herself feeling sympathy for her helplessness and bitterness. Riya’s initial idea began with smart shoes, which would provide feedback in the form of vibration (震动) to guide the wearers to their destinations. However, if the shoes were to lose power, it would leave the users stuck where they were. “The reason why we chose to adopt the technology on the SmartCane was that if it failed to work, we wouldn’t be putting the user at risk,” said Riya. Her next idea built upon the traditional white cane for the blind by adding an ultrasonic sensor that could detect barriers above the knee level. Vibration motors in the cane’s handle indicate barriers to the user. However, Riya didn’t want to stop there and added a panic button that would alert emergency services, as well as GPS navigation through haptic (触觉的) feedback. For example, the cane’s handle would vibrate twice for “turn right", and once for “turn left’. Along the way to developing her full-featured design, Riya took advantage of every opportunity she had to get exposure for her design, to receive feedback on it and advance it. She first presented it at her school and regional science fair with her partner. She then took her design to a challenge to create a health-care product, where Riya joined a team of eight participants and set to work developing the SmartCane’s cutting-edge features. “I met with many real-world challenges in the project. For example, people may not always like your idea. So you have to put in effort and time to improve it continually. I got a taste of real life. Now I’ve got used to presenting my ideas, talking to judges, answering questions, and managing my time between school and the SmartCane projects,” said Riya. 1．What set off Riya’s idea for the invention of SmartCane? A．Her wish for a prize. B．The request from her friend. C．The school assignment. D．Her pity for a visually disabled lady. 2．What is the problem with smart shoes? A．Their power failure will trap users. B．They can’t give real-time feedback. C．They’re heavy and uncomfortable to wear. D．Their sensors will lead users to wrong positions. 3．What quality of Riya is highlighted in paragraph 3 and 4? A．Her generosity. B．Her innovative spirit. C．Her cooperativeness. D．Her optimistic attitude. 4．How has the project affected Riya? A．It has shifted her personality. B．She has acquired many skills. C．She has experienced loneliness. D．It has solidified her belief in humanity. Passage 4 （24-25学年高二上·山东德州·期末） Jack, a 14-year-old from Salt Lake City, was born with Down syndrome (唐氏综合征), which brought him physical and cognitive challenges. However, with the proper support and resources, many people with Down syndrome are able to live fulfilling lives, participate in their communities, and achieve personal goals. Since Jack is a little smaller and slower than many of his peers, his parents, Devon and Kimberly, often worry that other kids might leave him out, fearing he could get hurt. But they do hope there are certain activities to keep Jack engaged. Devon suggested playing kickball, a sport he enjoyed growing up with his friends. The couple invited kids from the neighborhood, dividing them into two teams. And Jack’s only job was to kick the ball. This way, while the other kids were running, they didn’t have to worry about accidentally knocking Jack over, but he could still be involved in every play and every kick. Thus the kickball team, named the Inclusion FC, was established by the couple and a group of kids in the community to involve more kids like Jack and make them all feel included. They played and trained like professional players, often amusing that the Inclusion FC helped develop their talents and achieve their athletic dreams. After one game, Kimberly posted a video about the experience online, where it has gone viral with more than 1.5 million views and almost 3,000 comments. “Best Dad Ever! Inclusion Matters!” she titled the video. “The cool thing for us is that Jack now has relationships with all the kids in the neighborhood,” Devon continues. “With the Inclusion FC taking off, I thought, this is so amazing because it has got to be that glimpse of hope for those with Down syndrome, and every kid is a special gift.” As for Jack’s future, the parents hope that he continues to grow up in a world where he’s accepted and included. “There’s so many possibilities out there,” Kimberly says. 1．What does the author intend to imply about Jack in paragraph 1? A．He may be left out by his peers. B．He will get rid of Down syndrome. C．He can enjoy his life and himself with support. D．He might face challenges due to his personality. 2．Which of the following describes Jack’s parents best? A．Strict. B．Devoted. C．Innocent. D．Modest. 3．Why was the kickball team set up? A．To attract more sponsors. B．To welcome more kids to join in. C．To achieve kids’ professional dreams. D．To treat children’s disabilities in sports. 4．What does the couple stress when talking about their efforts? A．The importance of competition in sports. B．The need for constant practice to succeed. C．The significance of posting videos online. D．The value of celebrating kids’ unique ability. Passage 5 （24-25学年高二上·山东威海·期末） When I first joined Facebook, I saw it as a cool way to keep in touch with my friends and family. In the early days, I had largely positive views and feelings when I went on the app. But over time, things changed for the worse. Besides getting bored of the app, other big problems came up. Firstly, Facebook weakened my creativity. Because I was spending so much time on Facebook, I wasn’t doing anywhere near as much as I could have been with my big creative dreams and ideas. And even when I did, it was in service of social media (for example, I took photos that would get likes from my Facebook friends instead of what I actually wanted to capture). Facebook also made me feel intense FOMO (Fear Of Missing Out), especially when I saw how everyone else was doing. For example, I quit my job and started my first business at a time when my friends were getting job promotions. While I knew that leaving my job was the right long-term decision, I was also broke at the time. Combine that with others getting pay rises, etc., and you can see the problem here. I also felt like I had to post whenever I did anything interesting. For example, if I was traveling, I had to tell my friends where I was going. Since deleting Facebook, I’m much happier not feeling like I need to share all of my life. This is one of the biggest mistakes you could make on Facebook. Deleting my Facebook account was a huge decision, but I can say with certainty that it was one of my best long-term decisions. I have better relationships with the people who matter, and I’m no longer exposed to anywhere near as much negativity as I was. Not oversharing my personal life is also a huge advantage. I suggest deleting your account for three months and seeing how you feel thereafter; if you enjoy your life offline, don’t hesitate to permanently delete it. 1．Why did the author start to use Facebook? A．To strengthen bonds. B．To share updates. C．To inspire creativity. D．To get latest news. 2．What made the author feel FOMO? A．Starting the first business. B．Noticing the gap with friends. C．Struggling to make a living. D．Losing track of former friends. 3．What does the underlined word “This” refer to in paragraph 4? A．Sharing all the life. B．Posting something interesting. C．Deleting Facebook. D．Telling friends travel destinations. 4．What’s the purpose of the text? A．To discuss social media’s advance. B．To list negative effects of Facebook. C．To recommend a social media detox. D．To urge immediate removal of Facebook. Passage 6 （24-25学年高二上·山东泰安·期末） Wang Haoze, a crew member of the Shenzhou XIX mission and China’s first female spaceflight engineer, studied energy and power engineering at Southeast University before receiving a bachelor’s degree in 2012 and then continued to take part in a three-year postgraduate program in thermal engineering at the same school. Before her graduation, Wang submitted her resume to the Beijing Aerospace Propulsion Institute. At the institute, Wang was part of the research and development of new models of rocket engines, a new field that she had never been involved in. Faced with new challenges and knowledge, she enjoyed learning and overcoming difficulties, which appeared as an intriguing game to her. Hard work and perseverance always pay off. She gradually became the backbone of her team. Three years after working on rocket engines, she was told by human resources colleagues that the country would recruit the third generation of astronauts. Wang and 17 male candidates were selected and divided into three groups: seven spacecraft pilots, another seven spaceflight engineers and four mission payload specialists. At the Astronaut Center of China, Wang has faced grueling challenges. She has spent tough times with teammates in survival drills in deserts and at sea, and has endured a 72-hour sleepless test. Despite the difficulties, she said she has never considered quitting. Looking into her first orbital journey, the astronaut said: “I want to float inside Tiangong to experience the excitement of weightlessness. I also hope that I can complete each and every task successfully and make our ‘space home’ better. ” 1．What did Wang Haoze major in before 2012? A．Space engineering. B．Thermal engineering. C．Aerospace propulsion. D．Energy and power engineering. 2．What can be learned about Wang from paragraph 2? A．She did research into rocket engines before. B．She shrank from difficulties she encountered. C．She played a key role in her team at the institute. D．She saw an astronaut recruitment advertisement. 3．What can be used to describe Wang Haoze? A．Courageous and humble. B．Determined and generous. C．Perseverant and determined. D．Approachable and influential. 4．What can we infer about Wang? A．Wang handles the test easily. B．Wang desires for her space mission. C．Wang wants to abandon her training. D．Wang contributes a lot to space fields. 主题01 人与社会——生活与文化 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·山东菏泽一中·期末） In the 15th century, in a small village near Nuremberg, there lived a family with eighteen children. To provide for them, the father, a goldsmith (金匠), worked almost eighteen hours a day at his shop and took on any extra work he could find. Despite their hopeless condition, two of the eldest children had a dream. They both wanted to pursue their talent for art, but they knew well that their father would never be able to send either of them to Nuremberg to study in the academy. After many discussions, the two boys came up with a plan. They would toss (投掷) a coin. The loser would work in the nearby mines to support the other brother, who would attend the academy. When the winner finished his study, he would help the other one by selling art or working in the mines if necessary. Albrecht Dürer, the winner, went to Nuremberg to study, while his brother, Albert, worked in the mines. For the next four years, Albert funded his brother’s education. By the time Albrecht graduated, his works were considered better than many of his professors’. When the young artist returned to his village, the family celebrated with a festive dinner. At the end of the meal, Albrecht stood to toast his brother, saying, “Now, Albert, it’s your turn to pursue your dream.” With tears on his face, Albert shook his head. He looked at the faces he loved, and then quietly said, “No, brother. It’s too late for me. Look what four years in the mines have done to my hands I cannot even hold a glass to return your toast, let alone a pen or a brush.” Over 450 years later, Albrecht Dürer’s artworks were shown and admired in museums all over the world. Among all these works, one got particularly famous because of the story behind it. Albrecht named his powerful drawing simply The Praying Hands. He painted his brother’s hands which were abused and thin, but supported him in his time of need. 1．Why couldn’t the father send both sons to the academy? A．He disliked art. B．The sons refused to go. C．The family was too poor. D．The academy rejected them. 2．How did Albert support his brother’s education? A．He worked at a local shop. B．He borrowed money from friends. C．He worked in the mines for four years. D．He sold his art to fund Albrecht’s study. 3．What does the underlined word “abused” in paragraph 6 refer to? A．Rarely used. B．Badly injured. C．Skillfully drawn. D．Beautifully shaped. 4．What might be the image of Albert in Albrecht’s mind according to the text? A．The family’s source of income. B．The artist who wasted his talent. C．The base of his own achievement. D．The symbol of suffering caused by bad luck. Passage 2 （23-24学年高二上·山东临沂·期末） In the remote town of Yangla, located over 3,000 meters above sea level in the mountains of Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, 32-year-old doctor Nasheng is devoted to providing healthcare to more than 5,400 villagers. Nasheng graduated in Tibetan medicine from Qinghai University in Qinghai Province. Her passion for the field was inspired after witnessing the difficulties faced by her fellow villagers. “I saw how difficult it was for my family to access medical treatment in inland areas — long journeys, language barriers, and cultural differences made it even harder,” she said. When she arrived at the Yangla Town health center in September 2021, she was struck by the isolation (隔绝) of the area. Her accommodation is a simple room inside the inpatient ward. Other than a barbecue restaurant, there are no other entertainment options in town. Although Yangla Town has a small population, its villages are spread across more than 1,000 square kilometers, often requiring several hours of travel by car to reach each one. This made Nasheng aware that even though the village had a health station, many residents still struggled to reach it due to the area’s vastness. “What if there were another station here?” she wondered. After submitting a proposal, and with support from the local government, a basic health station was established in June 2022. “Now the service station has moved into a new building, and a village doctor is seeing patients there,” Nasheng said. The Yangla Town health center also organizes mobile free clinics in different villages every month, supported by a committed team of over 20 staff members. Looking ahead, she hopes to continue her studies. “I want to pursue a master’s degree and learn more about acupuncture (针灸) techniques,” she said. “But no matter what, I’ll always come back — this is my home.” 1．What motivated Nasheng to study Tibetan medicine? A．Cultural differences. B．Healthcare challenges. C．Her family’s pressure. D．Fellow villagers’ poverty. 2．What can we know about Yangla Town? A．It is cut off from big cities. B．It is an entertainment center. C．It has various medical facilities. D．It has a concentrated population. 3．How did Nasheng improve healthcare? A．By launching an initiative. B．By training a medical team. C．By building a new health station. D．By organizing mobile free clinics. 4．What might be the best title for the text? A．Home Above 3,000 Meters B．Building Trust in a Remote Village C．The Challenges of Rural Medical Services D．Bringing Hope to a Remote Mountain Town Passage 3 （23-24学年高二上·山东泰安·期末） A boy couldn’t wear shoes until the age of 13 due to a childhood accident that left his foot seriously injured. He has recently undergone a life-changing surgery. Thanks to the floating medical charity Mercy Ships, Tera is now able to wear shoes for the first time and play football with his friends. From a fishing village in Madagascar, Tera’s family was unable to afford proper medical treatment after he accidentally tipped over a pot of boiling water onto his left leg at the age of one. He suffered third-degree burns, which caused his leg to grow attached to his ankle, making it difficult to walk and impossible to wear shoes. His family had previously sought help from three local traditional healers, each offering their own methods, but none of them proved effective. Later, his mother learned that the international hospital charity Mercy Ships had docked (停靠) its floating hospital, Africa Mercy, in Madagascar. After applying and strict pre-surgical screening, Tera was confirmed fit for surgery. So when volunteers from Mercy Ships informed Tera’s mother about the free surgery available on board, she wrapped Tera’s baby brother on her back and began a two-day journey with her children to reach the ship. Tera was given an appointment on the Africa Mercy and underwent surgery on June 27th,2024, to release the burn contracture (挛缩). He is now able to wear shoes for the first time since he was a baby. “He should have a normally functioning ankle now, which means he will be able to wear regular shoes and play like any other child,” said Dr. Venter, the physician who performed the operation. Before the surgery, Tera was often teased for going barefoot and couldn’t join his friends in football — his favorite sport. “Now I am happy,” he said. “My friends don’t make fun of me anymore. We all play together now.” Since the surgery, not only has Tera been making up for lost games on the pitch, he’s also been able to go fishing with his dad. 1．What made it difficult for Tera to walk or wear shoes? A．He injured his foot while fishing. B．He was born with a foot problem. C．He was badly burned by boiling water. D．His family didn’t treat his burns in time. 2．What did Tera’s family do before they found proper medical care? A．They thought home care might help. B．They waited for Mercy Ships to come. C．They visited different surgeons for treatment. D．They tried traditional methods that didn’t work. 3．What can be inferred about Mercy Ships from the text? A．It needs an appointment beforehand. B．It offers free treatment on board the ship. C．It sails around Africa offering medical care. D．It treats people only when docked at big cities. 4．Which of the following words can best describe Tera’s mother? A．Brave. B．Proud. C．Cautious. D．Persistent. Passage 4 （24-25学年高二上·山东菏泽·期末） Locals who frequent a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) hospital in Zhengzhou, Henan province, are often surprised when they are treated by a German doctor specializing in TCM with fluent Henan dialect. He is Joel Mikael Walker, a master’s student nearing graduation in the Henan University of Chinese Medicine. He skillfully performs techniques such as acupuncture (针灸), pulse diagnosis, and cupping therapy. Walker came to Henan province in 2015 when he was 20, because it is widely considered to be an important center for medical practice, education and research for traditional Chinese medicine. Now, he has fully adopted the lifestyle in Henan. On Chinese social media platforms, Walker is committed to promoting traditional Chinese medicine. His expertise in TCM fascinates Chinese netizens and he often uses ancient Chinese medical texts, for example, Huangdi Neijing, one of Chinese great medical works, to explain the philosophy behind the treatments. Other Chinese classics, such as Yijing, Zhuangzi, and Lunyu, which have long been foundation of Chinese philosophy, are also on Walker’s reading list. He takes pleasure in absorbing ancient wisdom because he finds many ideas deeply intertwined (交织) with TCM practices. One fundamental worldview of TCM highlights the balance, from which Walker himself benefited. In the past, he experienced significant emotional ups and downs, and tended to be somewhat stubborn, often viewing things from his own perspective. Now he has become more tolerant and approached issues from multiple angles with a more inclusive (包容的) perspective. In other words, his personality has also become more balanced. According to Walker, the unique wisdom rooted in Chinese culture can not only benefit physical well-being but can also extend beyond medicine and offer excellent guidance for the whole world. He stressed, “If more people could understand the TCM wisdom, the world would become more peaceful.” 1．What do we know about Walker? A．He is surprised at the locals’ dialect. B．He has gained a master’s degree in Henan. C．He has great skills of making acupuncture needles. D．He is a German good at traditional Chinese medicine. 2．Why did Walker come to Henan province? A．He intended to be popular online. B．Henan province is a centre for TCM. C．He desired to learn about its lifestyles. D．Henan province has rich natural resources. 3．What is the purpose of mentioning Walker’s emotional experiences? A．To show his positive changes. B．To prove the world is more peaceful. C．To introduce Chinese ancient classics. D．To share his ups and downs with the netizens. 4．Which of the following best describes Walker? A．Enthusiastic and kind. B．Courageous and calm. C．Cooperative and generous. D．Devoted and professional. Passage 5 （23-24学年高二上·山东东营·期末） In 17th-century Europe, it was unheard of for a woman to travel by herself, but that didn’t stop Maria Sibylla Merian. In 1699, she and her 21-year-old daughter Dorothea sailed from Amsterdam to Surinam in South America. The three-month voyage was dangerous but she was determined to go. Besides, she was on a bold mission. She would be the first person to go to a foreign country to study and paint insects directly from nature. When they arrived in Surinam, Maria and Dorothea started working. Day after day, they took their painting materials into the hot, humid rainforest to collect and draw insects and plants. Artists had never done such a thing before. Still life painters drew from dead specimens (标本). But Merian had always been interested in painting living animals and plants, and her favourite subjects were insects. In the rainforest, she climbed high to study and collect insects. She had trees cut down so she could see what lived at the top level of the forest more than a hundred feet overhead. Merian combined both art and science in her work. A skilled observer, she kept detailed notes. Merian planned to stay in Surinam for five years, painting and collecting insects and plants that Europeans had never seen. She learnt about the medicinal plants of the area and expanded her interest to spiders, birds, lizards and snakes. She planned to publish a book of her new work on her return to Amsterdam. After two years, she had to leave Surinam. The heat was unbearable and she was ill with malaria. But she had more than enough material for a book. Maria and Dorothea sailed back to Amsterdam with many paintings and specimens — butterflies preserved in brandy, bottles with crocodiles and snakes, lizards’ eggs and boxes of pressed insects. Four years later, in 1705, Merian published the book for which she is best known, Metamorphosis of the Insects of Surinam. The paintings of insects and plants in their natural habitats transformed scientific illustration and advanced the scientific study of insects. 1．What did Maria Sibylla Merian sail to Surinam for? A．Adventuring on the sea with her daughter. B．Challenging the traditional opinion on women. C．Becoming the first traveler to a foreign country. D．Creating pictures of insects in their natural habitats. 2．What can we know about Merian’s stay in Surinam? A．She drew animals and plants from dead specimens. B．She brought local medicinal plants back to Amsterdam. C．She struggled to collect and paint living animals and plants. D．She published the book Metamorphosis of the Insects of Surinam. 3．When did Merian return to Amsterdam? A．In 1704. B．In 1699. C．In 1701. D．In 1705. 4．What contributes to the publishing of Merian’s best known book? A．Her interest and creativity. B．Her curiosity and imagination. C．Her ambition and eagerness for success. D．Her adventurous spirit and determination. Passage 6 （24-25学年高二上·山东聊城·期末） The morning after an evening struggle to care for my three-year-old daughter, I couldn’t wait to set her to school. I, as a mother, was tired from the anger and her inability to communicate because of her slowed language development. As I accompanied her into the car, I felt desperate. Nothing was right with our world. She’d been born around the same time when the nation was witnessing the birth of another Great Recession (大萧条). My job and my house had been victims (牺牲品). Then this happened. My child’s language delay (语言发育迟缓) was identified, but doctors struggled to properly help her. I felt like we both needed to be rescued. I returned that afternoon as desperate with my little girl as when I left. Walking slowly toward the school’s playground gate, I found her preschool teacher racing to greet me. “You should have seen her today!” His breathy words were supported by excitement. I didn’t interrupt. “See that climber.” He pointed to a wooden piece of playground equipment that looked like a rock wall. I nodded. “Well, every day since she started school, she’s tried and failed to make it to the top.” He took a breath. “And today she did it!” He expressed his joy just as he’d witnessed her conquering Mount Everest! “She cheered and celebrated! I wish I’d recorded it!” His words comforted me. My daughter had conquered her mountain. As she ran toward me. I recognized something I hadn’t before. I saw her perseverance. I saw her strength. I saw a Hero. Everyday greatness celebrates ordinary people who do unusual things in big and small ways, showing courage, kindness, love and selflessness. We encourage you to click these brief accounts and invite you to share your own story. 1．Why couldn’t the author wait to rush her daughter to school? A．She was tired out when dealing with her daughter. B．She had a fight with her daughter last night. C．She was busy with her work as a doctor. D．She had to sell their house due to Great Recession. 2．What can we know about the author from paragraph 2? A．She was hopeless. B．She was alarmed. C．She looked frightened. D．She felt comfortable. 3．Why did the little girl’s preschool teacher feel excited? A．She succeeded in standing on Mount Everest. B．She began to communicate with others normally. C．She got the first place in the school sports meet. D．She managed to climb up the wooden equipment. 4．From which is the text most probably taken? A．The radio. B．The Internet. C．A newspaper. D．A magazine. 主题02 人与自然——自然环境 Passage 1 （22-23学年高二上·山东菏泽·期末） In Antarctica, my team really wanted to capture the moment when emperor penguin (企鹅) chicks jump into the ocean for their first swim. We had been in Antarctica for two months before it was time for these chicks to fledge. Fledging is when birds grow feathers that help them fly or, in the case of penguins, swim. Mom and Dad have headed out to sea for good, and the five-month-old chicks are realizing their parents aren’t coming back: They must hunt for themselves. So these penguin “teenagers” form little groups and start waddling (摇摆) toward the sea together. The young penguins look messy as they shed the soft feathers that keep them warm and grow out their adult swimming feathers. Each has a unique boy-band-style haircut. The penguins must walk about 15 miles from the home atop an enormous ice shelf to reach the water’s edge. We follow the birds from afar on snowmobiles. They crowd together at the end of the path and stare down like, “what’s that?” They’ve never seen the ocean before! To my amazement, I see several hundred chicks gather at the edge of a 50-foot ice cliff! They stand together for four hours, staring at the rough water below. Finally one chick steps in front of the others, waddles to the edge of the cliff and dives off the side. I watch in fear, afraid the bird won’t resurface in the water after the long fall. But then it makes it, back up! It swims farther out to sea, never looking back. At first the other penguins are like “Oh my gosh, what did Steve just do?” But then they realize it’s safe to jump. They begin to pour off the cliff, several little soft balls at a time. Some jump off stylishly, and others slip and fall backward. Some even flap their wings as if they’ll fly. This dive is their entrance into adulthood. They’ll swim out to sea and won’t return to the home for several years. How lucky we are to see this huge moment in their lives. 1．What does fledging mean for penguins? A．They’ll fly like other birds. B．They’ll look for their parents. C．They’ll look cooler than ever. D．They’ll live an independent life. 2．How does the author feel about the young penguins at the cliff? A．Frightened. B．Concerned. C．Exited. D．Confused. 3．Who does “Steve” in the last paragraph refer to? A．The father penguin. B．The author. C．The first penguin to dive. D．The author’s teammate. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．Dive into Adulthood B．Legends of Penguins C．Scenery in Antarctica D．Adventures in Antarctica Passage 2 （24-25学年高二上·山东淄博·期末） On a full-moon night in 1988, a young park keeper named Bruce Barnes paddled a boat into the wetlands of Louisiana’s Barataria Preserve. It was 2 a. m. when he pulled out his instrument and played it attentively. First, Barnes recalled, the frogs joined in. Then the turtles approached. Several of them stayed at the boat’s edge as he sang for them during the next two hours. Barnes, now 61, is known today as a musician. He is also a naturalist who spends most of his career working for the National Park Service. His early interest in the natural world led him to major in biology at Henderson State University and to start working at national parks as an undergraduate. He arrived at Barataria in 1987 when he was 23. Barnes surveyed the park’s plants and animals and led daytime boat trips. Hours after sunset, he returned to the water by himself. For Barnes, music and nature don’t inhabit separately. Louisiana’s rhythms, he says, are as place-specific as its marshes and forests. The wetlands even produce their own music. Barnes has visited Barataria at night with a sound engineer, capturing wildlife sounds to weave into his recordings. Barnes retired from the National Park Service in 2015. He still plays music full time, and he remains a naturalist, leading walking tours and photographing medicinal plants. Some of those photographs are currently on display in New Orleans. Plants and music, to Barnes, all have magic power. In his adopted home, they are never far from each other. “When you roll into New Orleans, you can hear some of the world’s greatest music,” he says. “And you can get in your car and drive 25 minutes and be in the wetlands, completely surrounded by nature and water, and feel like you’re 1,000 miles from civilization.” 1．How does the author introduce the topic? A．By listing some figures. B．By giving some examples. C．By describing a scene. D．By comparing two situations. 2．What does the underlined word “inhabit” mean in paragraph 3? A．Exist. B．Unite. C．Form. D．Originate. 3．Which words can best describe Barnes? A．Adventurous and outgoing. B．Nature-loving and artistic. C．Determined and independent. D．Creative and generous. 4．What does the text mainly tell us? A．A hidden musical world in Barataria. B．The secrets of Barataria’s wetlands. C．The role of music in Barataria’s wildlife. D．A park keeper’s passion for nature and music. 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解（记叙文） 主题01 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·山东青岛·期末） The last time I visited my parents, I borrowed a novel from the shelves in my old bedroom. The books there once belonged to me, but over the decades, my father has taken over the space. It’s fitting. I grew up in a house full of books, free to explore anything, as long as I returned it. But that’s harder now. My parents, in their 80s, still live in Manhattan, while I’m in Los Angeles. The book I grabbed was a novel by S. A．Cosby. At first, I was surprised my father knew of him, but why not? For as long as I can remember, he’s been a regular at his neighborhood bookstore. He used to say he wouldn’t mind aging as long as he could read. Even now, I often find him with a book, though I fear he’s begun to fall out of the narrative (叙述). I didn’t read the book until I was back in Southern California. I didn’t want my father to know I had the book. I didn’t want him to feel any stress about it, though the two of us have been talking books ever since I was 12. I didn’t want to know what he might or might not recall. Opening it felt like opening a conversation with my father, retracing his steps and reading through his eyes. I enjoyed the novel, though that’s beside the point. What struck me most was a plotline about feeling sad for one’s parents, a process I’m beginning to understand. When I finished, I ran my fingers over my father’s mark on the cover, those letters he’d pressed into the cover with a hand-held metal press, spelling out a name the same as mine. Then I slipped the book into my suitcase, certain to return it next time I visit. 1．Why is it fitting for the father to take over the author’s old space? A．Because both are attached to reading. B．Because the father loves collecting books. C．Because the author’s books are preserved there. D．Because the father needs space for bookshelves. 2．Why did the author not want his father to know he had the book? A．To put the book into his own collection. B．To avoid pressure on his father to discuss it. C．To free his father from too much reading. D．To maintain a sense of privacy in reading. 3．How did the author feel while reading Cosby’s novel? A．Inspired by the plotline. B．Connected to his father. C．Eager to share with others. D．Surprised at his father’s mark. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Returning Home B．Love through Pages C．The Power of Books D．My Father, a Great Reader 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过阅读父亲的书，感受到与父亲之间的情感联系。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“I grew up in a house full of books, free to explore anything, as long as I returned it. (我在一个充满书籍的房子里长大，可以自由探索任何书籍，只要我归还它们)”和“For as long as I can remember, he’s been a regular at his neighborhood bookstore. He used to say he wouldn’t mind aging as long as he could read. Even now, I often find him with a book, though I fear he’s begun to fall out of the narrative (叙述). (从我记事起，他就一直是附近书店的常客。他过去常说，只要还能阅读，他就不介意变老。即使现在，我经常看到他手里拿着一本书，尽管我担心他已经开始跟不上故事情节了)”可知，父亲接管作者的旧空间是合适的，因为两人都对阅读有着深厚的感情。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“I didn’t want my father to know I had the book. I didn’t want him to feel any stress about it, though the two of us have been talking books ever since I was 12. I didn’t want to know what he might or might not recall. (我不想让父亲知道我拿了这本书。我不想让他因此感到任何压力，尽管我们俩从我12岁起就一直在讨论书籍。我也不想知道他可能记得或可能不记得的内容)”可知，作者这样做事希望避免让父亲感到需要讨论这本书的压力。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Opening it felt like opening a conversation with my father, retracing his steps and reading through his eyes. (打开它就像打开了与父亲的对话，追溯他的脚步，通过他的眼睛阅读)”可知，作者在阅读时感到与父亲有某种联系。故选B项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要以作者拿了一本父亲读过的书来阅读为线索展开，讲述了作者读这本书前不希望父亲知道自己拿了这本书，在阅读时感受到与父亲的对话，并通过父亲的视角理解故事，决定之后和父亲一起讨论这本书，这展现了父子之间通过书籍建立的情感联系。因此，B项“通过书籍传递的爱”最契合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选B项。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二上·山东济南·期末） For decades, Jean Moffatt has been reaching out over the airwaves. As an amateur radio operator, Moffatt has connected with people worldwide. “By sending signals to satellites, I’ve talked to people from the Arctic to the Antarctic,” Moffatt said. And on Wednesday at the Ontario Science Centre, the 96-year-old got to go even further. An amateur radio connection allowed the senior and students to speak with Commander Luca aboard the International Space Station. By connection, Moffatt told the astronaut she was very excited, admitting that this was a bucket-list wish she had for many years. Then Moffatt asked if Luca could keep the space station clean and tidy, adding that as a “mature woman” she had done lots of cleaning in her life. When Moffatt was a young girl, she moved to Toronto with her family, hoping there would be chances for a girl interested in science. She desperately wanted to go to university, but moving house placed a significant burden on their finances. Not discouraged, she took a course in amateur radio, then a popular technology, and shortly after she got her license. After retiring, Moffatt started volunteering at the Ontario Science Centre. Armed with her radio license, she helped set up the centre’s first radio shack (无线电设备室). The idea to connect with the International Space Station came just after Moffatt’s 36th birthday. Finally after 60 years with the help of amateur radio operators and NASA, Moffatt made her connection. While the connection wasn’t very clear, she was S moved to tears, telling those who had gathered to watch that it was the “highlight” of her life. Moffatt plans to keep volunteering at the centre, introducing younger people to the older form of technology, and to keep speaking to anyone who can pick up her signal. “It’s a technology even older than me and I love amateur radio,” Moffatt added. 1．What can we learn about Moffatt from the first two paragraphs? A．She attempted an Internet talk. B．She was an environmentalist. C．She was into space exploration. D．She achieved a lifetime goal. 2．Why did Moffatt and her family move to Toronto? A．To pursue a radio license. B．To seek better opportunities. C．To attend a radio school. D．To survive financial troubles. 3．What does Moffatt plan to do further? A．Promote radio communication. B．Continue her passion for radio. C．Start her radio shack business. D．Acquire new scientific ability. 4．Which of the following can best describe Moffatt? A．Creative and ambitious. B．Out-spoken and energetic. C．Passionate and determined. D．Broad-minded and generous. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍的是96岁的业余无线电爱好者Jean Moffatt通过无线电与国际空间站实现通话，达成毕生梦想的故事及其对科学的热爱。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中的““By sending signals to satellites, I’ve talked to people from the Arctic to the Antarctic,” Moffatt said. And on Wednesday at the Ontario Science Centre, the 96-year-old got to go even further.(“通过向卫星发送信号，我与来自北极到南极的人们进行了对话，” Moffatt说道。而在周三的安大略科学中心，这位96岁的老人得以走得更远。)”以及第二段中的“By connection, Moffatt told the astronaut she was very excited, admitting that this was a bucket-list wish she had for many years.(通过这次连接，Moffatt告诉宇航员她非常激动，并承认这是她多年来的愿望清单之一。)”可知，Moffatt通过业余无线电与国际空间站的指挥官进行了对话，这是她多年来的愿望之一，由此可知，通过前两段我们可以了解到Moffatt实现了毕生的梦想。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“When Moffatt was a young girl, she moved to Toronto with her family, hoping there would be chances for a girl interested in science.(当Moffatt还是个小女孩时，她和家人搬到多伦多，希望那里能为对科学感兴趣的女孩子提供机会。)”可知，Moffatt和她的家人搬到多伦多是为了寻求更好的机会。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据尾段中的“Moffatt plans to keep volunteering at the centre, introducing younger people to the older form of technology, and to keep speaking to anyone who can pick up her signal. “It’s a technology even older than me and I love amateur radio,” Moffatt added.(Moffatt计划继续在中心做志愿者，向年轻人介绍这种较老的技术，并继续与任何能够接收到她信号的人交谈。“这是一项甚至比我年纪还大的技术，我热爱业余无线电，” Moffatt补充道。)”可知，Moffatt打算继续她在业余无线电领域的热情，并继续她的志愿工作。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“When Moffatt was a young girl, she moved to Toronto with her family, hoping there would be chances for a girl interested in science. She desperately wanted to go to university, but moving house placed a significant burden on their finances. Not discouraged, she took a course in amateur radio, then a popular technology, and shortly after she got her license.(当Moffatt还是个小女孩时，她和家人搬到多伦多，希望那里能为对科学感兴趣的女孩子提供机会。她非常渴望上大学，但搬家给家庭财务带来了沉重负担。尽管如此，她并未气馁，而是参加了一门当时很流行的业余无线电课程，并很快获得了执照。)”可知，Moffatt面对财务困难仍然追求自己的兴趣，说明她是非常坚定而又充满激情的，结合尾段中的“Moffatt plans to keep volunteering at the centre, introducing younger people to the older form of technology, and to keep speaking to anyone who can pick up her signal. “It’s a technology even older than me and I love amateur radio,” Moffatt added.(Moffatt计划继续在中心做志愿者，向年轻人介绍这种较老的技术，并继续与任何能够接收到她信号的人交谈。“这是一项甚至比我年纪还大的技术，我热爱业余无线电，”Moffatt补充道。)”可知，96岁的Moffatt仍然计划继续在中心做志愿者，继续与任何能够接收到她信号的人交谈，由此表明她对业余无线电的热情，综合以上信息可知，Moffatt是一位拥有热情和决心的人。故选C项。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高二上·山东烟台·期末） Having spent numerous hours of her middle school days working on the SmartCane, a sensor-enabled walking assistance stick intended for people with vision problems, Riya Karumanchi made it and won multiple awards for it. Her inspiration for the cane was stimulated when she visited a friend’s house and spotted his blind grandmother struggling with her moving and sensing. She found herself feeling sympathy for her helplessness and bitterness. Riya’s initial idea began with smart shoes, which would provide feedback in the form of vibration (震动) to guide the wearers to their destinations. However, if the shoes were to lose power, it would leave the users stuck where they were. “The reason why we chose to adopt the technology on the SmartCane was that if it failed to work, we wouldn’t be putting the user at risk,” said Riya. Her next idea built upon the traditional white cane for the blind by adding an ultrasonic sensor that could detect barriers above the knee level. Vibration motors in the cane’s handle indicate barriers to the user. However, Riya didn’t want to stop there and added a panic button that would alert emergency services, as well as GPS navigation through haptic (触觉的) feedback. For example, the cane’s handle would vibrate twice for “turn right", and once for “turn left’. Along the way to developing her full-featured design, Riya took advantage of every opportunity she had to get exposure for her design, to receive feedback on it and advance it. She first presented it at her school and regional science fair with her partner. She then took her design to a challenge to create a health-care product, where Riya joined a team of eight participants and set to work developing the SmartCane’s cutting-edge features. “I met with many real-world challenges in the project. For example, people may not always like your idea. So you have to put in effort and time to improve it continually. I got a taste of real life. Now I’ve got used to presenting my ideas, talking to judges, answering questions, and managing my time between school and the SmartCane projects,” said Riya. 1．What set off Riya’s idea for the invention of SmartCane? A．Her wish for a prize. B．The request from her friend. C．The school assignment. D．Her pity for a visually disabled lady. 2．What is the problem with smart shoes? A．Their power failure will trap users. B．They can’t give real-time feedback. C．They’re heavy and uncomfortable to wear. D．Their sensors will lead users to wrong positions. 3．What quality of Riya is highlighted in paragraph 3 and 4? A．Her generosity. B．Her innovative spirit. C．Her cooperativeness. D．Her optimistic attitude. 4．How has the project affected Riya? A．It has shifted her personality. B．She has acquired many skills. C．She has experienced loneliness. D．It has solidified her belief in humanity. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者Riya因为朋友的奶奶失明而产生了制作智能手杖的想法，以及她制作智能手杖的过程。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Her inspiration for the cane was stimulated when she visited a friend's house and spotted his blind grandmother struggling with her moving and sensing. She found herself feeling sympathy for her helplessness and bitterness. (当她去朋友家时，看到他失明的祖母在移动和感知方面挣扎时，她产生了制作手杖的灵感。她发现自己同情她的无助和痛苦。)”可知，Riya在朋友家看到朋友失明的奶奶行动和感知困难，对她的无助和痛苦感到同情，从而激发了她发明智能手杖的灵感。所以是她对一位视障女士的同情引发了她发明智能手杖的想法。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Riya’s initial idea began with smart shoes, which would provide feedback in the form of vibration (震动) to guide the wearers to their destinations. However, if the shoes were to lose power, it would leave the users stuck where they were. ( Riya最初的想法是从智能鞋开始的，它会以振动的形式提供反馈，引导穿着者到达目的地。然而，如果鞋子失去动力，使用者就会被困在原地。)”可知，智能鞋的问题是如果它们没电了，会让使用者被困在原地。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Her next idea built upon the traditional white cane for the blind by adding an ultrasonic sensor that could detect barriers above the knee level. Vibration motors in the cane’s handle indicate barriers to the user. However, Riya didn’t want to stop there and added a panic button that would alert emergency services, as well as GPS navigation through haptic (触觉的) feedback. (她的下一个想法是在盲人使用的传统白色手杖的基础上，增加一个超声波传感器，可以探测到膝盖以上的障碍物。手杖手柄上的振动马达向使用者指示障碍物。然而，Riya并不想就此止步，她增加了一个紧急按钮，可以提醒紧急服务，以及通过触觉反馈的GPS导航。)”以及第四段中“Along the way to developing her full-featured design, Riya took advantage of every opportunity she had to get exposure for her design, to receive feedback on it and advance it. (在开发她的全功能设计的过程中，Riya利用了她所拥有的每一个机会来曝光她的设计，接受反馈并推进它。)”可知，Riya 在传统盲人手杖基础上不断创新，添加各种功能，并且利用各种机会改进设计，这体现了她的创新精神。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Now I’ve got used to presenting my ideas, talking to judges, answering questions, and managing my time between school and the SmartCane projects,” said Riya. (现在我已经习惯了展示我的想法，与评委交谈，回答问题，管理我在学校和SmartCane项目之间的时间，”Riya说。)”可知，通过这个项目，Riya习惯了展示自己的想法、与评委交流、回答问题以及管理自己在学校和智能手杖项目之间的时间，即她获得了很多技能。故选B项。 Passage 4 （24-25学年高二上·山东德州·期末） Jack, a 14-year-old from Salt Lake City, was born with Down syndrome (唐氏综合征), which brought him physical and cognitive challenges. However, with the proper support and resources, many people with Down syndrome are able to live fulfilling lives, participate in their communities, and achieve personal goals. Since Jack is a little smaller and slower than many of his peers, his parents, Devon and Kimberly, often worry that other kids might leave him out, fearing he could get hurt. But they do hope there are certain activities to keep Jack engaged. Devon suggested playing kickball, a sport he enjoyed growing up with his friends. The couple invited kids from the neighborhood, dividing them into two teams. And Jack’s only job was to kick the ball. This way, while the other kids were running, they didn’t have to worry about accidentally knocking Jack over, but he could still be involved in every play and every kick. Thus the kickball team, named the Inclusion FC, was established by the couple and a group of kids in the community to involve more kids like Jack and make them all feel included. They played and trained like professional players, often amusing that the Inclusion FC helped develop their talents and achieve their athletic dreams. After one game, Kimberly posted a video about the experience online, where it has gone viral with more than 1.5 million views and almost 3,000 comments. “Best Dad Ever! Inclusion Matters!” she titled the video. “The cool thing for us is that Jack now has relationships with all the kids in the neighborhood,” Devon continues. “With the Inclusion FC taking off, I thought, this is so amazing because it has got to be that glimpse of hope for those with Down syndrome, and every kid is a special gift.” As for Jack’s future, the parents hope that he continues to grow up in a world where he’s accepted and included. “There’s so many possibilities out there,” Kimberly says. 1．What does the author intend to imply about Jack in paragraph 1? A．He may be left out by his peers. B．He will get rid of Down syndrome. C．He can enjoy his life and himself with support. D．He might face challenges due to his personality. 2．Which of the following describes Jack’s parents best? A．Strict. B．Devoted. C．Innocent. D．Modest. 3．Why was the kickball team set up? A．To attract more sponsors. B．To welcome more kids to join in. C．To achieve kids’ professional dreams. D．To treat children’s disabilities in sports. 4．What does the couple stress when talking about their efforts? A．The importance of competition in sports. B．The need for constant practice to succeed. C．The significance of posting videos online. D．The value of celebrating kids’ unique ability. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了来自盐湖城的14岁男孩Jack患有唐氏综合征，他的父母为了让他融入社区，组织踢球活动并成立球队，通过这项活动让Jack和其他孩子建立关系。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Jack, a 14-year-old from Salt Lake City, was born with Down syndrome (唐氏综合征), which brought him physical and cognitive challenges. However, with the proper support and resources, many people with Down syndrome are able to live fulfilling lives, participate in their communities, and achieve personal goals. (Jack是来自盐湖城的一名14岁少年，他出生时患有唐氏综合征，这给他带来了身体和认知上的挑战。然而，在适当的支持和资源帮助下，许多患有唐氏综合征的人能够过上充实的生活，参与社区活动，并实现个人目标)”可知，尽管Jack患有唐氏综合征，但在适当的支持和资源帮助下，许多像他这样的人能够过上充实的生活，实现个人目标。因此，作者暗示杰克在支持下可以享受生活和自己。故选C项。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段中“But they do hope there are certain activities to keep Jack engaged. Devon suggested playing kickball, a sport he enjoyed growing up with his friends. The couple invited kids from the neighborhood, dividing them into two teams. And Jack’s only job was to kick the ball. (但他们确实希望有一些活动能让Jack参与其中。Devon建议玩踢球，这是他小时候和朋友们一起喜欢的运动。这对夫妇邀请了附近的孩子，将他们分成两队。而Jack唯一的任务就是踢球)”和第三段中“Thus the kickball team, named the Inclusion FC, was established by the couple and a group of kids in the community to involve more kids like Jack and make them all feel included. (因此，这对夫妇和社区里的一群孩子共同成立了名为“Inclusion  FC”的踢球队，旨在让更多像Jack这样的孩子参与其中，并让他们感受到被包容)”可知，Jack的父母为了让他融入社区，组织踢球活动并成立球队，展现了他们对Jack的关心和付出。因此，“Devoted (奉献的)”最能描述他们。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thus the kickball team, named the Inclusion FC, was established by the couple and a group of kids in the community to involve more kids like Jack and make them all feel included. (因此，这对夫妇和社区里的一群孩子共同成立了名为“Inclusion  FC”的踢球队，旨在让更多像Jack这样的孩子参与其中，并让他们感受到被包容)”可知，他们成立球队的目的是欢迎更多孩子加入。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据第四段中Devon所说的话“With the Inclusion FC taking off, I thought, this is so amazing because it has got to be that glimpse of hope for those with Down syndrome, and every kid is a special gift. (随着“Inclusion FC”的成功，我想，这真是太棒了，因为它为唐氏综合征患者带来了希望的曙光，而每个孩子都是一份特别的礼物)”可知，Jack的父母认为他们的努力是值得的，指出每个孩子都是特别的礼物。这表明他们强调赞美孩子独特能力的价值。故选D项。 Passage 5 （24-25学年高二上·山东威海·期末） When I first joined Facebook, I saw it as a cool way to keep in touch with my friends and family. In the early days, I had largely positive views and feelings when I went on the app. But over time, things changed for the worse. Besides getting bored of the app, other big problems came up. Firstly, Facebook weakened my creativity. Because I was spending so much time on Facebook, I wasn’t doing anywhere near as much as I could have been with my big creative dreams and ideas. And even when I did, it was in service of social media (for example, I took photos that would get likes from my Facebook friends instead of what I actually wanted to capture). Facebook also made me feel intense FOMO (Fear Of Missing Out), especially when I saw how everyone else was doing. For example, I quit my job and started my first business at a time when my friends were getting job promotions. While I knew that leaving my job was the right long-term decision, I was also broke at the time. Combine that with others getting pay rises, etc., and you can see the problem here. I also felt like I had to post whenever I did anything interesting. For example, if I was traveling, I had to tell my friends where I was going. Since deleting Facebook, I’m much happier not feeling like I need to share all of my life. This is one of the biggest mistakes you could make on Facebook. Deleting my Facebook account was a huge decision, but I can say with certainty that it was one of my best long-term decisions. I have better relationships with the people who matter, and I’m no longer exposed to anywhere near as much negativity as I was. Not oversharing my personal life is also a huge advantage. I suggest deleting your account for three months and seeing how you feel thereafter; if you enjoy your life offline, don’t hesitate to permanently delete it. 1．Why did the author start to use Facebook? A．To strengthen bonds. B．To share updates. C．To inspire creativity. D．To get latest news. 2．What made the author feel FOMO? A．Starting the first business. B．Noticing the gap with friends. C．Struggling to make a living. D．Losing track of former friends. 3．What does the underlined word “This” refer to in paragraph 4? A．Sharing all the life. B．Posting something interesting. C．Deleting Facebook. D．Telling friends travel destinations. 4．What’s the purpose of the text? A．To discuss social media’s advance. B．To list negative effects of Facebook. C．To recommend a social media detox. D．To urge immediate removal of Facebook. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者使用脸书（Facebook）的经历、感受以及最终决定删除脸书账户的原因。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“When I first joined Facebook, I saw it as a cool way to keep in touch with my friends and family.(当我第一次加入Facebook时，我认为这是一种与朋友和家人保持联系的很酷的方式)”可知，作者开始使用Facebook是为了加强联系。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Facebook also made me feel intense FOMO (Fear Of Missing Out), especially when I saw how everyone else was doing. For example, I quit my job and started my first business at a time when my friends were getting job promotions. While I knew that leaving my job was the right long-term decision, I was also broke at the time. Combine that with others getting pay rises, etc., and you can see the problem here.(Facebook也让我产生了强烈的FOMO（害怕错过），尤其是当我看到其他人是怎么做的时候。例如，当我的朋友们升职的时候，我辞去了工作，开始了我的第一次创业。虽然我知道，从长远来看，辞职是正确的决定，但当时我也身无分文。把这一点与其他人加薪等结合起来，你就能看到问题所在了)”可知，注意到与朋友之间的差距让作者产生了FOMO。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“I also felt like I had to post whenever I did anything interesting. For example, if I was traveling, I had to tell my friends where I was going. Since deleting Facebook, I’m much happier not feeling like I need to share all of my life.(我也觉得只要我做了什么有趣的事情，我就必须发布。例如，如果我要去旅行，我必须告诉我的朋友我要去哪里。自从删除了Facebook后，我更开心了，因为我不需要分享我所有的生活)”可知，作者曾经喜欢在Facebook上分享自己的生活，自从删除了Facebook后，不需要分享所有的生活了，所以作者认为在Facebook上可能犯的最大错误之一是分享生活。故划线词指的是“分享生活”。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Deleting my Facebook account was a huge decision, but I can say with certainty that it was one of my best long-term decisions. I have better relationships with the people who matter, and I’m no longer exposed to anywhere near as much negativity as I was. Not oversharing my personal life is also a huge advantage. I suggest deleting your account for three months and seeing how you feel thereafter; if you enjoy your life offline, don’t hesitate to permanently delete it.(删除我的Facebook账户是一个重大的决定，但我可以肯定地说，这是我最好的长期决定之一。我和重要的人有了更好的关系，我也不再像以前那样暴露在任何地方的消极情绪中。不过度分享我的个人生活也是一个巨大的优势。我建议删除你的账户三个月，然后看看你感觉如何；如果你喜欢离线生活，不要犹豫，把它永久删除吧)”以及文章主要讲述了作者使用脸书（Facebook）的经历、感受以及最终决定删除脸书账户的原因。可知，文章的目的是建议戒掉社交媒体。故选C。 Passage 6 （24-25学年高二上·山东泰安·期末） Wang Haoze, a crew member of the Shenzhou XIX mission and China’s first female spaceflight engineer, studied energy and power engineering at Southeast University before receiving a bachelor’s degree in 2012 and then continued to take part in a three-year postgraduate program in thermal engineering at the same school. Before her graduation, Wang submitted her resume to the Beijing Aerospace Propulsion Institute. At the institute, Wang was part of the research and development of new models of rocket engines, a new field that she had never been involved in. Faced with new challenges and knowledge, she enjoyed learning and overcoming difficulties, which appeared as an intriguing game to her. Hard work and perseverance always pay off. She gradually became the backbone of her team. Three years after working on rocket engines, she was told by human resources colleagues that the country would recruit the third generation of astronauts. Wang and 17 male candidates were selected and divided into three groups: seven spacecraft pilots, another seven spaceflight engineers and four mission payload specialists. At the Astronaut Center of China, Wang has faced grueling challenges. She has spent tough times with teammates in survival drills in deserts and at sea, and has endured a 72-hour sleepless test. Despite the difficulties, she said she has never considered quitting. Looking into her first orbital journey, the astronaut said: “I want to float inside Tiangong to experience the excitement of weightlessness. I also hope that I can complete each and every task successfully and make our ‘space home’ better. ” 1．What did Wang Haoze major in before 2012? A．Space engineering. B．Thermal engineering. C．Aerospace propulsion. D．Energy and power engineering. 2．What can be learned about Wang from paragraph 2? A．She did research into rocket engines before. B．She shrank from difficulties she encountered. C．She played a key role in her team at the institute. D．She saw an astronaut recruitment advertisement. 3．What can be used to describe Wang Haoze? A．Courageous and humble. B．Determined and generous. C．Perseverant and determined. D．Approachable and influential. 4．What can we infer about Wang? A．Wang handles the test easily. B．Wang desires for her space mission. C．Wang wants to abandon her training. D．Wang contributes a lot to space fields. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是中国首位女太空工程师王浩泽的职业历程，从学术研究到火箭发动机开发，再到成为神舟十九号任务的宇航员，及其对太空探索的热情与贡献。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Wang Haoze, a crew member of the Shenzhou XIX mission and China’s first female spaceflight engineer, studied energy and power engineering at Southeast University before receiving a bachelor’s degree in 2012 and then continued to take part in a three-year postgraduate program in thermal engineering at the same school.(王浩泽是神舟十五号的机组成员，也是中国第一位女航天工程师，她在东南大学学习能源与动力工程，后于2012年获得学士学位，然后继续在同一所学校攻读为期三年的热能工程研究生课程)”可知，王浩泽在2012年前主修专业为能源与动力工程专业。故选 D。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“She gradually became the backbone of her team.(她逐渐成为了团队的骨干)”可知，王浩泽逐渐成为团队中的主心骨，即她在团队中发挥着重要作用。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段“Faced with new challenges and knowledge, she enjoyed learning and overcoming difficulties, which appeared as an intriguing game to her.(面对新的挑战和知识，她喜欢学习和克服困难，这对她来说是一种有趣的游戏)”以及第四段“Despite the difficulties, she said she has never considered quitting.(尽管困难重重，她说她从未考虑过放弃)”可知，王浩泽具有坚韧不拔和信念坚定的品质。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Looking into her first orbital journey, the astronaut said: “I want to float inside Tiangong to experience the excitement of weightlessness. I also hope that I can complete each and every task successfully and make our ‘space home’ better. ”(回顾她的第一次轨道旅行，这位宇航员说：“我想在天宫里漂浮，体验失重的兴奋。我也希望我能成功完成每一项任务，让我们的‘太空家园’变得更好。”)”可知，王浩泽对自己的太空探索任务充满期待。故选B。 主题01 人与社会——生活与文化 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·山东菏泽一中·期末） In the 15th century, in a small village near Nuremberg, there lived a family with eighteen children. To provide for them, the father, a goldsmith (金匠), worked almost eighteen hours a day at his shop and took on any extra work he could find. Despite their hopeless condition, two of the eldest children had a dream. They both wanted to pursue their talent for art, but they knew well that their father would never be able to send either of them to Nuremberg to study in the academy. After many discussions, the two boys came up with a plan. They would toss (投掷) a coin. The loser would work in the nearby mines to support the other brother, who would attend the academy. When the winner finished his study, he would help the other one by selling art or working in the mines if necessary. Albrecht Dürer, the winner, went to Nuremberg to study, while his brother, Albert, worked in the mines. For the next four years, Albert funded his brother’s education. By the time Albrecht graduated, his works were considered better than many of his professors’. When the young artist returned to his village, the family celebrated with a festive dinner. At the end of the meal, Albrecht stood to toast his brother, saying, “Now, Albert, it’s your turn to pursue your dream.” With tears on his face, Albert shook his head. He looked at the faces he loved, and then quietly said, “No, brother. It’s too late for me. Look what four years in the mines have done to my hands I cannot even hold a glass to return your toast, let alone a pen or a brush.” Over 450 years later, Albrecht Dürer’s artworks were shown and admired in museums all over the world. Among all these works, one got particularly famous because of the story behind it. Albrecht named his powerful drawing simply The Praying Hands. He painted his brother’s hands which were abused and thin, but supported him in his time of need. 1．Why couldn’t the father send both sons to the academy? A．He disliked art. B．The sons refused to go. C．The family was too poor. D．The academy rejected them. 2．How did Albert support his brother’s education? A．He worked at a local shop. B．He borrowed money from friends. C．He worked in the mines for four years. D．He sold his art to fund Albrecht’s study. 3．What does the underlined word “abused” in paragraph 6 refer to? A．Rarely used. B．Badly injured. C．Skillfully drawn. D．Beautifully shaped. 4．What might be the image of Albert in Albrecht’s mind according to the text? A．The family’s source of income. B．The artist who wasted his talent. C．The base of his own achievement. D．The symbol of suffering caused by bad luck. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了15世纪德国纽伦堡附近一个小村庄里，一个有18个孩子的金匠家庭中，两个年龄最大的儿子通过抛硬币决定谁去艺术学院学习，输者下矿支持赢者，最终赢者成名后创作《祈祷之手》纪念哥哥牺牲的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“To provide for them, the father, a goldsmith (金匠), worked almost eighteen hours a day at his shop and took on any extra work he could find. (为了养活他们，父亲是一名金匠，他每天在店里工作近18个小时，还承担他能找到的任何额外工作)”和第二段中“They both wanted to pursue their talent for art, but they knew well that their father would never be able to send either of them to Nuremberg to study in the academy. (他们都想追求自己的艺术天赋，但他们很清楚，他们的父亲永远无法送他们中的任何一个去纽伦堡的艺术学院学习)”可知，父亲无法送两个儿子去艺术学院学习是因为家庭贫困。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Albrecht Dürer, the winner, went to Nuremberg to study, while his brother, Albert, worked in the mines. (获胜者阿尔布雷希特·杜勒去纽伦堡学习，而他的兄弟阿尔伯特在矿井里工作)”和第四段中“For the next four years, Albert funded his brother’s education. (在接下来的四年里，阿尔伯特资助他兄弟的教育)”可知，阿尔伯特在矿井里工作了四年，以此资助他兄弟的教育。故选C项。 3．词句猜测题。根据前文可知，为资助兄弟的教育，阿尔伯特在矿井里工作了四年。结合常识和划线词所在句“He painted his brother’s hands which were abused and thin, but supported him in his time of need. (他画了他哥哥那双abused而瘦削的手，这双手在他需要的时候支持了他)”可推知，阿尔伯特的手因在矿井工作多年而受伤且瘦削。故划线词“abused”意为“严重受伤的”，与“Badly injured”意思相近。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据前文可知，阿尔伯特放弃了自己的梦想，在矿井里工作了四年来资助兄弟阿尔布雷希特的教育，让他得以追求艺术梦想并取得成功。结合最后一段中“He painted his brother’s hands which were abused and thin, but supported him in his time of need. (他画了他哥哥那双受伤而瘦削的手，这双手在他需要的时候支持了他)”可推知，在阿尔布雷希特心中，是哥哥的牺牲和支持让他得以追求艺术梦想并取得成功，所以哥哥阿尔伯特是他成功的基石。故选C项。 Passage 2 （23-24学年高二上·山东临沂·期末） In the remote town of Yangla, located over 3,000 meters above sea level in the mountains of Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, 32-year-old doctor Nasheng is devoted to providing healthcare to more than 5,400 villagers. Nasheng graduated in Tibetan medicine from Qinghai University in Qinghai Province. Her passion for the field was inspired after witnessing the difficulties faced by her fellow villagers. “I saw how difficult it was for my family to access medical treatment in inland areas — long journeys, language barriers, and cultural differences made it even harder,” she said. When she arrived at the Yangla Town health center in September 2021, she was struck by the isolation (隔绝) of the area. Her accommodation is a simple room inside the inpatient ward. Other than a barbecue restaurant, there are no other entertainment options in town. Although Yangla Town has a small population, its villages are spread across more than 1,000 square kilometers, often requiring several hours of travel by car to reach each one. This made Nasheng aware that even though the village had a health station, many residents still struggled to reach it due to the area’s vastness. “What if there were another station here?” she wondered. After submitting a proposal, and with support from the local government, a basic health station was established in June 2022. “Now the service station has moved into a new building, and a village doctor is seeing patients there,” Nasheng said. The Yangla Town health center also organizes mobile free clinics in different villages every month, supported by a committed team of over 20 staff members. Looking ahead, she hopes to continue her studies. “I want to pursue a master’s degree and learn more about acupuncture (针灸) techniques,” she said. “But no matter what, I’ll always come back — this is my home.” 1．What motivated Nasheng to study Tibetan medicine? A．Cultural differences. B．Healthcare challenges. C．Her family’s pressure. D．Fellow villagers’ poverty. 2．What can we know about Yangla Town? A．It is cut off from big cities. B．It is an entertainment center. C．It has various medical facilities. D．It has a concentrated population. 3．How did Nasheng improve healthcare? A．By launching an initiative. B．By training a medical team. C．By building a new health station. D．By organizing mobile free clinics. 4．What might be the best title for the text? A．Home Above 3,000 Meters B．Building Trust in a Remote Village C．The Challenges of Rural Medical Services D．Bringing Hope to a Remote Mountain Town 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了32岁的医生纳西（Nasheng）在云南省迪庆藏族自治州海拔3,000多米的偏远乡村羊拉，致力于为5,400多名村民提供医疗服务的故事，她为改善当地医疗条件做出了积极贡献。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Her passion for the field was inspired after witnessing the difficulties faced by her fellow villagers. “I saw how difficult it was for my family to access medical treatment in inland areas — long journeys, language barriers, and cultural differences made it even harder,” she said. (她目睹了乡亲们面临的困难后，激发了她对这个领域的热情。“我看到我的家人在大山深处就医有多困难 —— 路途遥远、语言障碍和文化差异使就医更加困难，”她说。)”可知，是乡亲们面临的医疗挑战激发了纳西学习藏医的热情。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“When she arrived at the Yangla Town health center in September 2021, she was struck by the isolation (隔绝) of the area. (2021年1月，当她到达羊拉乡卫生中心时，她被该地区的与世隔绝所震惊。)”可知，羊拉乡地处偏远，与外界隔绝，即与大城市相隔绝。故选A项。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段中“This made Nasheng aware that even though the village had a health station, many residents still struggled to reach it due to the area’s vastness. “What if there were another station here?” she wondered. After submitting a proposal, and with support from the local government, a basic health station was established in June 2022. (这让纳西意识到，尽管村里有一个卫生站，但由于该地区幅员辽阔，许多居民仍然难以到达。“要是在这里再建一个卫生站呢？”她思忖着。提交提议后，在当地政府的支持下，2022年6月，一个基础卫生站建成了。)”可知，纳西通过提出倡议，即建立另一个卫生站来改善医疗条件。故选A项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段“In the remote town of Yangla, located over 3,000 meters above sea level in the mountains of Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, 32-year-old doctor 纳西 is devoted to providing healthcare to more than 5,400 villagers. (在云南省迪庆藏族自治州海拔3,000多米的偏远小镇羊拉，32岁的医生纳西致力于为5,400多名村民提供医疗服务。)”以及最后一段中“But no matter what, I’ll always come back — this is my home. (但无论如何，我都会回来的 —— 这是我的家。)”可知，文章主要讲述了医生纳西在偏远乡村羊拉为村民提供医疗服务，并努力改善当地医疗条件，给这个偏远的山城带来了希望的故事，D项“Bringing Hope to a Remote Mountain Town (给偏远的山城带来希望)”符合文章主旨，适宜作为标题。故选D项。 Passage 3 （23-24学年高二上·山东泰安·期末） A boy couldn’t wear shoes until the age of 13 due to a childhood accident that left his foot seriously injured. He has recently undergone a life-changing surgery. Thanks to the floating medical charity Mercy Ships, Tera is now able to wear shoes for the first time and play football with his friends. From a fishing village in Madagascar, Tera’s family was unable to afford proper medical treatment after he accidentally tipped over a pot of boiling water onto his left leg at the age of one. He suffered third-degree burns, which caused his leg to grow attached to his ankle, making it difficult to walk and impossible to wear shoes. His family had previously sought help from three local traditional healers, each offering their own methods, but none of them proved effective. Later, his mother learned that the international hospital charity Mercy Ships had docked (停靠) its floating hospital, Africa Mercy, in Madagascar. After applying and strict pre-surgical screening, Tera was confirmed fit for surgery. So when volunteers from Mercy Ships informed Tera’s mother about the free surgery available on board, she wrapped Tera’s baby brother on her back and began a two-day journey with her children to reach the ship. Tera was given an appointment on the Africa Mercy and underwent surgery on June 27th,2024, to release the burn contracture (挛缩). He is now able to wear shoes for the first time since he was a baby. “He should have a normally functioning ankle now, which means he will be able to wear regular shoes and play like any other child,” said Dr. Venter, the physician who performed the operation. Before the surgery, Tera was often teased for going barefoot and couldn’t join his friends in football — his favorite sport. “Now I am happy,” he said. “My friends don’t make fun of me anymore. We all play together now.” Since the surgery, not only has Tera been making up for lost games on the pitch, he’s also been able to go fishing with his dad. 1．What made it difficult for Tera to walk or wear shoes? A．He injured his foot while fishing. B．He was born with a foot problem. C．He was badly burned by boiling water. D．His family didn’t treat his burns in time. 2．What did Tera’s family do before they found proper medical care? A．They thought home care might help. B．They waited for Mercy Ships to come. C．They visited different surgeons for treatment. D．They tried traditional methods that didn’t work. 3．What can be inferred about Mercy Ships from the text? A．It needs an appointment beforehand. B．It offers free treatment on board the ship. C．It sails around Africa offering medical care. D．It treats people only when docked at big cities. 4．Which of the following words can best describe Tera’s mother? A．Brave. B．Proud. C．Cautious. D．Persistent. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了来自马达加斯加渔村的男孩Tera因幼时被开水烫伤导致脚部问题，在国际慈善组织“仁慈号”的帮助下成功手术，得以穿鞋和正常玩耍的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“From a fishing village in Madagascar, Tera’s family was unable to afford proper medical treatment after he accidentally tipped over a pot of boiling water onto his left leg at the age of one. He suffered third-degree burns, which caused his leg to grow attached to his ankle, making it difficult to walk and impossible to wear shoes.(在马达加斯加的一个渔村，Tera一岁的时候不小心打翻了一壶开水，溅到了他的左腿上，他的家人无法负担适当的医疗费用。他遭受了三度烫伤，导致腿部与脚踝粘连，行走困难且无法穿鞋)”可知，是被开水严重烫伤使得Tera走路和穿鞋困难。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“His family had previously sought help from three local traditional healers, each offering their own methods, but none of them proved effective.(他的家人此前曾向三位当地的传统治疗师寻求帮助，他们各自提供了自己的方法，但都没有效果)”可知，在找到合适的医疗护理之前，Tera的家人尝试了传统方法但都没有效果。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“So when volunteers from Mercy Ships informed Tera’s mother about the free surgery available on board, she wrapped Tera’s baby brother on her back and began a two day journey with her children to reach the ship.(所以当“仁慈号”的志愿者告知Tera的母亲船上有免费的手术时，她把Tera的弟弟背在背上，带着孩子们开始了为期两天的旅程前往这艘船)”可知，“仁慈号”在船上提供免费治疗。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据第四段中“After applying and strict pre-surgical screening, Tera was confirmed fit for surgery. So when volunteers from Mercy Ships informed Tera’s mother about the free surgery available on board, she wrapped Tera’s baby brother on her back and began a two-day journey with her children to reach the ship.(在申请并经过严格的术前筛查后，Tera被确认适合手术。所以当“仁慈号”的志愿者告知Tera的母亲船上有免费的手术时，她把Tera的弟弟背在背上，带着孩子们开始了为期两天的旅程前往这艘船)”可知，当Tera的母亲得知有免费手术的消息后，立即带着孩子们踏上两天的旅程前往，她克服困难坚持带着孩子去船上接受手术，由此可推知，Tera的母亲是一个坚持不懈的人(persistent)。故选D项。 Passage 4 （24-25学年高二上·山东菏泽·期末） Locals who frequent a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) hospital in Zhengzhou, Henan province, are often surprised when they are treated by a German doctor specializing in TCM with fluent Henan dialect. He is Joel Mikael Walker, a master’s student nearing graduation in the Henan University of Chinese Medicine. He skillfully performs techniques such as acupuncture (针灸), pulse diagnosis, and cupping therapy. Walker came to Henan province in 2015 when he was 20, because it is widely considered to be an important center for medical practice, education and research for traditional Chinese medicine. Now, he has fully adopted the lifestyle in Henan. On Chinese social media platforms, Walker is committed to promoting traditional Chinese medicine. His expertise in TCM fascinates Chinese netizens and he often uses ancient Chinese medical texts, for example, Huangdi Neijing, one of Chinese great medical works, to explain the philosophy behind the treatments. Other Chinese classics, such as Yijing, Zhuangzi, and Lunyu, which have long been foundation of Chinese philosophy, are also on Walker’s reading list. He takes pleasure in absorbing ancient wisdom because he finds many ideas deeply intertwined (交织) with TCM practices. One fundamental worldview of TCM highlights the balance, from which Walker himself benefited. In the past, he experienced significant emotional ups and downs, and tended to be somewhat stubborn, often viewing things from his own perspective. Now he has become more tolerant and approached issues from multiple angles with a more inclusive (包容的) perspective. In other words, his personality has also become more balanced. According to Walker, the unique wisdom rooted in Chinese culture can not only benefit physical well-being but can also extend beyond medicine and offer excellent guidance for the whole world. He stressed, “If more people could understand the TCM wisdom, the world would become more peaceful.” 1．What do we know about Walker? A．He is surprised at the locals’ dialect. B．He has gained a master’s degree in Henan. C．He has great skills of making acupuncture needles. D．He is a German good at traditional Chinese medicine. 2．Why did Walker come to Henan province? A．He intended to be popular online. B．Henan province is a centre for TCM. C．He desired to learn about its lifestyles. D．Henan province has rich natural resources. 3．What is the purpose of mentioning Walker’s emotional experiences? A．To show his positive changes. B．To prove the world is more peaceful. C．To introduce Chinese ancient classics. D．To share his ups and downs with the netizens. 4．Which of the following best describes Walker? A．Enthusiastic and kind. B．Courageous and calm. C．Cooperative and generous. D．Devoted and professional. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了德国人Walker在河南学习并推广中医的故事。 1．细节理解题。由文章第一段中“Locals who frequent a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) hospital in Zhengzhou, Henan province, are often surprised when they are treated by a German doctor specializing in TCM with fluent Henan dialect. He is Joel Mikael Walker, a master’s student nearing graduation in the Henan University of Chinese Medicine. (在河南省郑州市的一家传统中医医院，当地人经常惊讶地发现，他们接受治疗的是一位精通河南方言的德国医生。他叫Joel Mikael Walker，是河南中医药大学即将毕业的硕士研究生。)”可知，Walker是一个擅长中医的德国人。故选D。 2．细节理解题。由文章第二段中“Walker came to Henan province in 2015 when he was 20, because it is widely considered to be an important center for medical practice, education and research for traditional Chinese medicine. (沃克于2015年20岁时来到河南省，因为这里被广泛认为是中医实践、教育和研究的重要中心。)”可知，他来到河南的原因是因为河南是中医的中心。故选B。 3．推理判断题。由文章第四段“One fundamental worldview of TCM highlights the balance, from which Walker himself benefited. In the past, he experienced significant emotional ups and downs, and tended to be somewhat stubborn, often viewing things from his own perspective. Now he has become more tolerant and approached issues from multiple angles with a more inclusive (包容的) perspective. In other words, his personality has also become more balanced. (中医的一个基本世界观强调平衡，Walker本人也从中受益。过去，他经历了显著的情绪波动，并且有些固执，常常从自己的角度看待问题。如今，他变得更加宽容，能够从多个角度看待问题，拥有更加包容的视角。换句话说，他的性格也变得更加平衡。)”可知，提到Walker的情绪经历是为了展示他从一个固执己见的人变得更为包容和平衡，即展示他的积极变化。故选A。 4．推理判断题。由文章第一段中“He skillfully performs techniques such as acupuncture (针灸), pulse diagnosis, and cupping therapy. (他熟练地掌握了针灸、脉诊和拔罐等中医技术。)”、第二段中“On Chinese social media platforms, Walker is committed to promoting traditional Chinese medicine. (在中国的社交媒体平台上，沃克致力于推广中医。)”可知，Walker不仅努力学习中医知识和技能，还致力于在中国社交媒体上推广中医。这些都表明Walker是一个敬业且专业的人。故选D。 Passage 5 （23-24学年高二上·山东东营·期末） In 17th-century Europe, it was unheard of for a woman to travel by herself, but that didn’t stop Maria Sibylla Merian. In 1699, she and her 21-year-old daughter Dorothea sailed from Amsterdam to Surinam in South America. The three-month voyage was dangerous but she was determined to go. Besides, she was on a bold mission. She would be the first person to go to a foreign country to study and paint insects directly from nature. When they arrived in Surinam, Maria and Dorothea started working. Day after day, they took their painting materials into the hot, humid rainforest to collect and draw insects and plants. Artists had never done such a thing before. Still life painters drew from dead specimens (标本). But Merian had always been interested in painting living animals and plants, and her favourite subjects were insects. In the rainforest, she climbed high to study and collect insects. She had trees cut down so she could see what lived at the top level of the forest more than a hundred feet overhead. Merian combined both art and science in her work. A skilled observer, she kept detailed notes. Merian planned to stay in Surinam for five years, painting and collecting insects and plants that Europeans had never seen. She learnt about the medicinal plants of the area and expanded her interest to spiders, birds, lizards and snakes. She planned to publish a book of her new work on her return to Amsterdam. After two years, she had to leave Surinam. The heat was unbearable and she was ill with malaria. But she had more than enough material for a book. Maria and Dorothea sailed back to Amsterdam with many paintings and specimens — butterflies preserved in brandy, bottles with crocodiles and snakes, lizards’ eggs and boxes of pressed insects. Four years later, in 1705, Merian published the book for which she is best known, Metamorphosis of the Insects of Surinam. The paintings of insects and plants in their natural habitats transformed scientific illustration and advanced the scientific study of insects. 1．What did Maria Sibylla Merian sail to Surinam for? A．Adventuring on the sea with her daughter. B．Challenging the traditional opinion on women. C．Becoming the first traveler to a foreign country. D．Creating pictures of insects in their natural habitats. 2．What can we know about Merian’s stay in Surinam? A．She drew animals and plants from dead specimens. B．She brought local medicinal plants back to Amsterdam. C．She struggled to collect and paint living animals and plants. D．She published the book Metamorphosis of the Insects of Surinam. 3．When did Merian return to Amsterdam? A．In 1704. B．In 1699. C．In 1701. D．In 1705. 4．What contributes to the publishing of Merian’s best known book? A．Her interest and creativity. B．Her curiosity and imagination. C．Her ambition and eagerness for success. D．Her adventurous spirit and determination. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 4．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述女艺术家Maria Sibylla Merian为了研究和绘画活的昆虫，和女儿航行三个月到达南美洲，并且成为此领域的先驱的事。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Besides, she was on a bold mission. She would be the first person to go to a foreign country to study and paint insects directly from nature.(此外，她正在执行一项大胆的任务。她将是第一个去国外直接从大自然中研究和绘制昆虫的人)”可知，Maria Sibylla航海去Surinam是为了创作昆虫在自然栖息地的图片。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Day after day, they took their painting materials into the hot, humid rainforest to collect and draw insects and plants.(日复一日，他们带着绘画材料进入炎热潮湿的雨林，收集和绘制昆虫和植物)”及“But Merian had always been interested in painting living animals and plants, and her favourite subjects were insects.(但梅里安一直对画活的动物和植物很感兴趣，她最喜欢的主题是昆虫)”可知，Merian待在Surinam时努力收集和画活的动植物。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“After two years, she had to leave Surinam.(两年后，她不得不离开苏里南)”及最后一段“Four years later, in 1705, Merian published the book for which she is best known, Metamorphosis of the Insects of Surinam.(四年后的1705年，梅里安出版了她最著名的著作Metamorphosis of the Insects of Surinam)”可知，Merian于1701年离开Surinam。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The three-month voyage was dangerous but she was determined to go. Besides, she was on a bold mission. She would be the first person to go to a foreign country to study and paint insects directly from nature.(三个月的航行很危险，但她决心要去。此外，她正在执行一项大胆的任务。她将是第一个去国外直接从大自然中研究和绘制昆虫的人)”及全文介绍了Merian和女儿研究和绘画活的昆虫的探险经历，并最后发表著作的故事，因此，是她的冒险精神和决心让她成功发表了著作。故选D。 Passage 6 （24-25学年高二上·山东聊城·期末） The morning after an evening struggle to care for my three-year-old daughter, I couldn’t wait to set her to school. I, as a mother, was tired from the anger and her inability to communicate because of her slowed language development. As I accompanied her into the car, I felt desperate. Nothing was right with our world. She’d been born around the same time when the nation was witnessing the birth of another Great Recession (大萧条). My job and my house had been victims (牺牲品). Then this happened. My child’s language delay (语言发育迟缓) was identified, but doctors struggled to properly help her. I felt like we both needed to be rescued. I returned that afternoon as desperate with my little girl as when I left. Walking slowly toward the school’s playground gate, I found her preschool teacher racing to greet me. “You should have seen her today!” His breathy words were supported by excitement. I didn’t interrupt. “See that climber.” He pointed to a wooden piece of playground equipment that looked like a rock wall. I nodded. “Well, every day since she started school, she’s tried and failed to make it to the top.” He took a breath. “And today she did it!” He expressed his joy just as he’d witnessed her conquering Mount Everest! “She cheered and celebrated! I wish I’d recorded it!” His words comforted me. My daughter had conquered her mountain. As she ran toward me. I recognized something I hadn’t before. I saw her perseverance. I saw her strength. I saw a Hero. Everyday greatness celebrates ordinary people who do unusual things in big and small ways, showing courage, kindness, love and selflessness. We encourage you to click these brief accounts and invite you to share your own story. 1．Why couldn’t the author wait to rush her daughter to school? A．She was tired out when dealing with her daughter. B．She had a fight with her daughter last night. C．She was busy with her work as a doctor. D．She had to sell their house due to Great Recession. 2．What can we know about the author from paragraph 2? A．She was hopeless. B．She was alarmed. C．She looked frightened. D．She felt comfortable. 3．Why did the little girl’s preschool teacher feel excited? A．She succeeded in standing on Mount Everest. B．She began to communicate with others normally. C．She got the first place in the school sports meet. D．She managed to climb up the wooden equipment. 4．From which is the text most probably taken? A．The radio. B．The Internet. C．A newspaper. D．A magazine. 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了因为语言发育迟缓女儿的努力，一个生活绝望的母亲重新燃起了希望的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The morning after an evening struggle to care for my three-year-old daughter, I couldn’t wait to set her to school. (为了照顾我三岁的女儿，我花了一晚上的时间。第二天早上，我迫不及待地想送她去上学)”可知，在处理她女儿的事务时，她累坏了，所以作者迫不及待送她的女儿去学校。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“As I accompanied her into the car, I felt desperate. (当我陪着她上车时，我感到绝望)”可知，作者很绝望。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中““You should have seen her today!” His breathy words were supported by excitement. I didn’t interrupt. “See that climber.” He pointed to a wooden piece of playground equipment that looked like a rock wall. I nodded. “Well, every day since she started school, she’s tried and failed to make it to the top.” He took a breath. “And today she did it!” (“你今天真该看看她！”他激动得气喘吁吁地说。我没有打断他的话。“看到那个攀爬架了吗？”他指着一个看起来像岩石墙的木质设备。我点了点头。“嗯，自从她开始上学以来，每天她都尝试爬上顶端，但每次都失败了。”他深吸了一口气，“而今天，她做到了！”)”可知，小女孩的学前班老师感到兴奋是因为她设法爬上了木制设备。故选D。   4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“We encourage you to click these brief accounts and invite you to share your own story. (我们鼓励您点击这些简短的帐户，并邀请您分享自己的故事)”可推断，这篇文章来自网络。故选B。 主题02 人与自然——自然环境 Passage 1 （22-23学年高二上·山东菏泽·期末） In Antarctica, my team really wanted to capture the moment when emperor penguin (企鹅) chicks jump into the ocean for their first swim. We had been in Antarctica for two months before it was time for these chicks to fledge. Fledging is when birds grow feathers that help them fly or, in the case of penguins, swim. Mom and Dad have headed out to sea for good, and the five-month-old chicks are realizing their parents aren’t coming back: They must hunt for themselves. So these penguin “teenagers” form little groups and start waddling (摇摆) toward the sea together. The young penguins look messy as they shed the soft feathers that keep them warm and grow out their adult swimming feathers. Each has a unique boy-band-style haircut. The penguins must walk about 15 miles from the home atop an enormous ice shelf to reach the water’s edge. We follow the birds from afar on snowmobiles. They crowd together at the end of the path and stare down like, “what’s that?” They’ve never seen the ocean before! To my amazement, I see several hundred chicks gather at the edge of a 50-foot ice cliff! They stand together for four hours, staring at the rough water below. Finally one chick steps in front of the others, waddles to the edge of the cliff and dives off the side. I watch in fear, afraid the bird won’t resurface in the water after the long fall. But then it makes it, back up! It swims farther out to sea, never looking back. At first the other penguins are like “Oh my gosh, what did Steve just do?” But then they realize it’s safe to jump. They begin to pour off the cliff, several little soft balls at a time. Some jump off stylishly, and others slip and fall backward. Some even flap their wings as if they’ll fly. This dive is their entrance into adulthood. They’ll swim out to sea and won’t return to the home for several years. How lucky we are to see this huge moment in their lives. 1．What does fledging mean for penguins? A．They’ll fly like other birds. B．They’ll look for their parents. C．They’ll look cooler than ever. D．They’ll live an independent life. 2．How does the author feel about the young penguins at the cliff? A．Frightened. B．Concerned. C．Exited. D．Confused. 3．Who does “Steve” in the last paragraph refer to? A．The father penguin. B．The author. C．The first penguin to dive. D．The author’s teammate. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．Dive into Adulthood B．Legends of Penguins C．Scenery in Antarctica D．Adventures in Antarctica 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者团队在南极记录帝企鹅幼崽首次跳海游泳，见证它们步入成年这一重要时刻。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Fledging is when birds grow feathers that help them fly or, in the case of penguins, swim. Mom and Dad have headed out to sea for good, and the five-month-old chicks are realizing their parents aren’t coming back: They must hunt for themselves.(长羽是鸟类长出有助于它们飞翔的羽毛，对于企鹅来说，就是有助于它们游泳的羽毛。爸爸妈妈已经永远地出海了，五个月大的企鹅宝宝意识到它们的父母不会回来了：它们必须自己捕猎)”可知，对于企鹅来说，长羽意味着它们将独立生活。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段中“I watch in fear, afraid the bird won’t resurface in the water after the long fall. But then it makes it, back up!(我惊恐地看着，担心这只鸟在长时间坠落后不会再次浮出水面。但后来它成功了，又浮了上来!)”可知，作者对于在悬崖边上的小企鹅是担心的。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Finally one chick steps in front of the others, waddles to the edge of the cliff and dives off the side.(最后，一只雏鸟走到其他雏鸟前面，摇摇摆摆地走到悬崖边，从侧面跳入水中)”及第三段中“At first the other penguins are like “Oh my gosh, what did Steve just do?” But then they realize it’s safe to jump.(一开始，其他企鹅会说：“哦，我的天哪，Steve刚刚做了什么？”但随后它们意识到跳下去是安全的)”可知，“Steve”指的是第一只跳水的企鹅。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“This dive is their entrance into adulthood. They’ll swim out to sea and won’t return to the home for several years. How lucky we are to see this huge moment in their lives.(这次跳水是它们进入成年的标志。它们将游向大海，几年内不会回家。我们很幸运能看到它们生命中的这个重要时刻)”可知，文章主要讲述的是作者在南极洲观察帝企鹅幼鸟第一次跳入海洋游泳的情景，展现了企鹅成长过程中的一个重要时刻。所以A项“Dive into Adulthood(跃入成年)”作为标题最合适。故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二上·山东淄博·期末） On a full-moon night in 1988, a young park keeper named Bruce Barnes paddled a boat into the wetlands of Louisiana’s Barataria Preserve. It was 2 a. m. when he pulled out his instrument and played it attentively. First, Barnes recalled, the frogs joined in. Then the turtles approached. Several of them stayed at the boat’s edge as he sang for them during the next two hours. Barnes, now 61, is known today as a musician. He is also a naturalist who spends most of his career working for the National Park Service. His early interest in the natural world led him to major in biology at Henderson State University and to start working at national parks as an undergraduate. He arrived at Barataria in 1987 when he was 23. Barnes surveyed the park’s plants and animals and led daytime boat trips. Hours after sunset, he returned to the water by himself. For Barnes, music and nature don’t inhabit separately. Louisiana’s rhythms, he says, are as place-specific as its marshes and forests. The wetlands even produce their own music. Barnes has visited Barataria at night with a sound engineer, capturing wildlife sounds to weave into his recordings. Barnes retired from the National Park Service in 2015. He still plays music full time, and he remains a naturalist, leading walking tours and photographing medicinal plants. Some of those photographs are currently on display in New Orleans. Plants and music, to Barnes, all have magic power. In his adopted home, they are never far from each other. “When you roll into New Orleans, you can hear some of the world’s greatest music,” he says. “And you can get in your car and drive 25 minutes and be in the wetlands, completely surrounded by nature and water, and feel like you’re 1,000 miles from civilization.” 1．How does the author introduce the topic? A．By listing some figures. B．By giving some examples. C．By describing a scene. D．By comparing two situations. 2．What does the underlined word “inhabit” mean in paragraph 3? A．Exist. B．Unite. C．Form. D．Originate. 3．Which words can best describe Barnes? A．Adventurous and outgoing. B．Nature-loving and artistic. C．Determined and independent. D．Creative and generous. 4．What does the text mainly tell us? A．A hidden musical world in Barataria. B．The secrets of Barataria’s wetlands. C．The role of music in Barataria’s wildlife. D．A park keeper’s passion for nature and music. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是前国家公园管理员Bruce Barnes将他对自然的热爱与音乐才华融合，展现其独特的生活哲学和艺术追求。 1．推理判断题。根据首段中的“On a full-moon night in 1988, a young park keeper named Bruce Barnes paddled a boat into the wetlands of Louisiana’s Barataria Preserve. It was 2 a. m. when he pulled out his instrument and played it attentively.(1988年的一个满月之夜，一位名叫Bruce Barnes的年轻公园管理员划船进入了路易斯安那州巴塔里亚保护区的湿地。凌晨2点时，他拿出乐器，专心致志地演奏起来。)”可知，作者描绘了Bruce Barnes在一个满月夜晚划船进入湿地的具体情景，从而引出了故事的主题，由此可知，本文是通过描述一个场景来引入话题。故选C项。 2．词句猜测题。根据划线单词后的“Louisiana’s rhythms, he says, are as place-specific as its marshes and forests. The wetlands even produce their own music. Barnes has visited Barataria at night with a sound engineer, capturing wildlife sounds to weave into his recordings.(他说，路易斯安那州的节奏与其沼泽和森林一样具有地方特色。湿地甚至会产出它们自己的音乐。Barnes曾在夜间与一位声音工程师一起访问巴塔里亚，捕捉野生动物的声音，并将这些声音编织进他的录音作品中。)”可知，在他看来，音乐与沼泽和森林一样具有地方特色，湿地会产出自己的音乐，他还和音乐工程师将野生动物的声音编进音乐中，由此可知，大自然和音乐是分不开的，也就是不会单独存在，所以划线单词与“存在”的意义相近。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Barnes, now 61, is known today as a musician. He is also a naturalist who spends most of his career working for the National Park Service.(如今61岁的Barnes作为一名音乐家而为人所知。他同时也是一位自然学家，职业生涯的大部分时间都在国家公园管理局工作。)”以及倒数第二段中的“Barnes retired from the National Park Service in 2015. He still plays music full time, and he remains a naturalist, leading walking tours and photographing medicinal plants.(Barnes于2015年从国家公园管理局退休。他现在仍然全职演奏音乐，并持续作为一名自然学家，带领徒步旅行团和拍摄药用植物的照片。)”可知，Barnes的职业生涯是在国家公园服务，同时他也是个音乐家；此外，退休后他仍然演奏音乐，带领徒步旅行团，拍摄药用植物的照片等，都显示了他对自然和艺术的热爱，所以Barnes是热爱自然且富有艺术细胞。故选B项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段中的“On a full-moon night in 1988, a young park keeper named Bruce Barnes paddled a boat into the wetlands of Louisiana’s Barataria Preserve.(1988年的一个满月之夜，一位名叫Bruce Barnes的年轻公园管理员划船进入了路易斯安那州巴塔里亚保护区的湿地。)”以及倒数第二段中的“Barnes retired from the National Park Service in 2015. He still plays music full time, and he remains a naturalist, leading walking tours and photographing medicinal plants.(Barnes于2015年从国家公园管理局退休。他现在仍然全职演奏音乐，并持续作为一名自然学家，带领徒步旅行团和拍摄药用植物的照片。)”和最后一段中的“Plants and music, to Barnes, all have magic power. Plants and music, to Barnes, all have magic power. In his adopted home, they are never far from each other.(对Barnes来说，植物和音乐都有魔力。对Barnes来说，植物和音乐都有魔力。在他的第二故乡，他们从不远离彼此。)”可知，本文通过描述一个场景引出全文的主题，从Barnes在Barataria的工作经历开始，到他退休后依然坚持音乐创作和自然探索，体现了他对自然和音乐不变的热爱，由此可知，本文主要讲述了公园管理员对自然和音乐的热情。故选D项。 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $