2026届高三英语一轮复习:介词知识梳理+练习

2025-12-03
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学段 高中
学科 英语
教材版本 -
年级 高三
章节 -
类型 题集-专项训练
知识点 介词
使用场景 高考复习-一轮复习
学年 2026-2027
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 ZIP
文件大小 69 KB
发布时间 2025-12-03
更新时间 2025-12-03
作者 匿名
品牌系列 -
审核时间 2025-12-02
下载链接 https://m.zxxk.com/soft/55232581.html
价格 1.00储值(1储值=1元)
来源 学科网

内容正文:

高三英语尖子生培优学案: 介词板块专项突破+语法填空真题综合训练 核心目标: 1. 系统梳理介词核心考点及易混点,构建精准用法体系 2. 结合语法填空真题及模拟题,掌握介词类考题的解题逻辑与技巧 3. 提升在语境中灵活运用介词的能力,实现“零失误”突破。 第一部分:介词核心基础知识点精要(语法填空高频导向) 一、高频介词分类及核心用法(结合语法填空语境) 1. 时间类介词:侧重“时态呼应”与“固定搭配” in: 世纪/年/月/季节/早/午/晚;一段时间内(与完成时连用) 1. He was born in 2005.(年份) 2. We have made great progress in the past three years.(完成时+一段时间) on:具体日期(日/星期/节日);具体某天的上午/下午/晚上(有修饰词) 1. They will have a party on Christmas Eve.(具体节日前夕) 2. We met on a rainy morning.(有修饰词的上午) at:具体时刻;固定搭配(at dawn/noon/night);短暂动作 1. The train leaves at 8:30 a.m.(具体时刻) 2. He often reads books at night.(固定搭配) for:持续一段时间(与完成时/一般过去时连用,表“动作持续时长”) She has studied English for 10 years.(完成时+持续时长) since:自从……(后接过去时间点/从句,与现在完成时连用) He has lived here since 2018.(过去时间点+完成时) 2. 地点类介词:侧重“空间关系”与“固定搭配” in: 大地点(国家/城市/省份);封闭空间内部 1. She was born in China.(大地点) 2. There is a book in the box.(封闭空间) at: 小地点(车站/机场/学校/具体地址);门牌号前 1. We waited at the bus stop.(小地点) 2. He lives at 105 Main Street.(门牌号) on: 物体表面;街道/路名前;交通工具(强调“在表面”) 1. The cup is on the table.(表面) 2. She lives on Park Road.(街道名) to: 朝向(从A到B,表方向);目的地 He is walking to the library.(朝向目的地) into: 进入(从外部到内部,表动作过程) She walked into the classroom.(动作过程) 3. 逻辑关系类介词:语法填空最高频,侧重“语境语义” 此类介词是语法填空的“重中之重”,需结合前后文逻辑(因果、方式、伴随、让步等)判断,务必掌握以下高频词: with: 伴随(表“带有/具有”);工具;原因(情感类) 1. A girl with long hair is reading.(伴随) 2. He cut the paper with a knife.(工具)3. She was shaking with cold.(原因) without: 否定伴随(“没有”);条件(“如果没有”) We can’t live without water.(否定伴随) by:方式(“通过……手段”);被动语态中“被”;执行者 1. He learns English by reading aloud.(方式) 2. The book was written by Lu Xun.(被动执行者) for: 目的(“为了”);原因(“因为”);对象(“给……”) 1. He works hard for his family.(目的) 2. I’m sorry for being late.(原因) of: 所属关系;特征;数量(“……的”) 1. The roof of the house is red.(所属) 2. He is a man of courage.(特征) from: 来源(“来自……”);区别(“与……不同”);时间起点 1. She is from America.(来源) 2. Different from him, I like reading.(区别) against反对;靠着;抵御 1. He fought against the enemy.(反对) 2. The rain beat against the window.(靠着) beyond: 超过;超出(能力/范围);在……另一边 The problem is beyond my ability.(超出能力) 4. 固定搭配类介词:语法填空“送分题”,需精准记忆 此类考点无太多逻辑可寻,需结合动词、名词、形容词的固定搭配记忆,以下为高频搭配(按“词类+搭配”分类,便于复盘): (1)动词+介词:depend on(依靠)、focus on(聚焦)、insist on(坚持)、succeed in(成功)、apologize for(道歉)、care about(关心)、hear of(听说)、look forward to(期待)、devote...to(致力于)、contribute to(促成) (2)名词+介词:advantage of(……的优势)、solution to(……的解决方案)、key to(……的关键)、interest in(……的兴趣)、attention to(对……的关注)、comment on(对……的评论)、belief in(对……的信念) (3)形容词+介词:good at(擅长)、famous for(因……著名)、different from(与……不同)、similar to(与……相似)、afraid of(害怕)、proud of(为……骄傲)、responsible for(对……负责)、worthy of(值得……) 二、介词易混点辨析(尖子生“避坑”关键) 语法填空中的“易错点”往往是命题人设置的“区分题”,需精准辨析以下几组易混介词: 1. in/on/to(表位置关系): * in:在范围“内”(Shanghai is in the east of China.) * on:在范围“外且相邻”(Jiangsu is on the north of Zhejiang.) * to:在范围“外且不相邻”(Japan is to the east of China.) 2. by/with/in(表方式): * by:通过“手段/方法/交通工具”(by car/by working hard) * with:用“工具/身体部位”(with a pen/with hands) * in:用“语言/材料/颜色”(in English/in ink) 3. between/among(表范围): * between:两者之间(between you and me); 三者及以上中“两两之间”(between the three students) * among:三者及以上“之中”(among the crowd) 4. since/for(表时间): * since:后接“过去时间点/从句”,与现在完成时连用(since 2020/since he came) * for:后接“时间段”,与完成时/一般过去时连用(for 5 years) 第二部分:语法填空真题结合演练(从“知识”到“能力”) 核心思路:先独立完成,再结合“考点溯源+解题逻辑”复盘,重点标注“固定搭配”“语境逻辑”“易混点”三类考点,形成解题思维定式。 一、真题基础演练(聚焦单一考点,巩固基础) 1. In China, it's a tradition to give red envelopes ______ children during the Spring Festival.(2024·浙江卷) 2. The study shows that people who sleep well are more likely to succeed ______ their work.(2023·全国甲卷) 3. A new bridge has been built ______ the two cities, making travel easier.(2023·山东卷) 4. She is famous ______ her paintings that reflect the life of ordinary people.(2022·全国乙卷) 5. ______ the help of modern technology, we can communicate with people from all over the world easily.(2022·新高考I卷) 6. He has been working in this company ______ he graduated from college.(2021·全国卷) 7. The key ______ solving the problem lies in effective communication.(2021·浙江卷) 8. They walked ______ the forest and found a small village at last.(2020·全国卷) 二、真题提升演练(聚焦复合考点,突破难点) 1. (2024·新高考I卷)My grandmother often tells me stories ______ her childhood, which are full of fun. These stories have made me more interested ______ the history of our family. 2. (2023·新高考II卷)______ a cold winter morning, we set off for the mountain village. The journey was long, but we were excited because we would meet the children who lived ______ the mountains. 3. (2022·新高考I卷)The library is a place where people can read ______ free. Many students come here to study, and some even stay ______ the whole day. The librarian is always ready to help those who have difficulty ______ finding books. 4. (2021·新高考II卷)As a student, I devote most of my time ______ studying. I believe that hard work will lead ______ success. My teacher often encourages me to learn ______ my mistakes. 【解题步骤总结】 1. 第一步:判断是否为固定搭配:若空格前后为动词、名词、形容词,先联想其固定介词搭配(如“devote...to”“be interested in”),直接锁定答案; 2. 第二步:结合语境分析逻辑关系:若不是固定搭配,分析空格前后的语义逻辑(时间、地点、伴随、原因等),选择对应介词(如“具体某天早晨”用on); 3. 第三步:规避易混点陷阱:若涉及易混介词(如in/on/to、since/for),根据具体语境(范围、时间类型等)精准辨析; 4. 第四步:代入验证:将答案代入空格,通读句子,检查语义是否通顺、搭配是否合理。 三、尖子生拓展演练(预测考点,拔高能力) 以下题目结合近年命题趋势(侧重“语境化+固定搭配结合”),难度略高于真题。 1. The film is based ______ a true story that happened ______ the 1980s. Many people were moved ______ the hero's spirit of devotion. 2. ______ the development of AI technology, more and more jobs will be changed. However, we should not be afraid ______ the changes but learn to adapt ______ them. 3. The meeting will be held ______ 3 p.m. ______ Friday afternoon. All participants are required to arrive ______ time and bring a notebook ______ them. 4. The difference ______ the two methods lies ______ their efficiency. The one based ______ new technology is more effective. 第三部分:总结与复盘(核心要点回顾) 一、核心考点清单 * 1. 固定搭配:动词/名词/形容词+介词(语法填空“送分题”,务必记熟高频搭配); * 2. 语境逻辑:时间、地点、伴随、原因等关系(需结合上下文分析); * 3. 易混点:in/on/to、by/with/in、between/among、since/for(命题人“区分题”,需精准辨析)。 二、复盘建议 1. 整理“错题本”:将做错的题目按“固定搭配错误”“逻辑分析错误”“易混点错误”分类,标注错误原因及正确思路; 2. 每日积累:每天记忆10组高频“动词/名词/形容词+介词”搭配,结合例句理解; 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 高三英语尖子生培优学案: 介词板块专项突破+语法填空真题综合训练 核心目标: 1. 系统梳理介词核心考点及易混点,构建精准用法体系 2. 结合语法填空真题及模拟题,掌握介词类考题的解题逻辑与技巧 3. 提升在语境中灵活运用介词的能力,实现“零失误”突破。 第一部分:介词核心基础知识点精要(语法填空高频导向) 一、高频介词分类及核心用法(结合语法填空语境) 1. 时间类介词:侧重“时态呼应”与“固定搭配” in: 世纪/年/月/季节/早/午/晚;一段时间内(与完成时连用) 1.He was born in 2005.(年份) 2. We have made great progress in the past three years.(完成时+一段时间) on:具体日期(日/星期/节日);具体某天的上午/下午/晚上(有修饰词) 1.They will have a party on Christmas Eve.(具体节日前夕) 2. We met on a rainy morning.(有修饰词的上午) at:具体时刻;固定搭配(at dawn/noon/night);短暂动作 1.The train leaves at 8:30 a.m.(具体时刻) 2. He often reads books at night.(固定搭配) for:持续一段时间(与完成时/一般过去时连用,表“动作持续时长”) She has studied English for 10 years.(完成时+持续时长) since:自从……(后接过去时间点/从句,与现在完成时连用) He has lived here since 2018.(过去时间点+完成时) 2. 地点类介词:侧重“空间关系”与“固定搭配” in: 大地点(国家/城市/省份);封闭空间内部 1.She was born in China.(大地点) 2. There is a book in the box.(封闭空间) at: 小地点(车站/机场/学校/具体地址);门牌号前 1.We waited at the bus stop.(小地点) 2. He lives at 105 Main Street.(门牌号) on: 物体表面;街道/路名前;交通工具(强调“在表面”) 1.The cup is on the table.(表面) 2. She lives on Park Road.(街道名) to: 朝向(从A到B,表方向);目的地 He is walking to the library.(朝向目的地) into: 进入(从外部到内部,表动作过程) She walked into the classroom.(动作过程) 3. 逻辑关系类介词:语法填空最高频,侧重“语境语义” 此类介词是语法填空的“重中之重”,需结合前后文逻辑(因果、方式、伴随、让步等)判断,务必掌握以下高频词: with: 伴随(表“带有/具有”);工具;原因(情感类) 1.A girl with long hair is reading.(伴随) 2. He cut the paper with a knife.(工具)3. She was shaking with cold.(原因) without: 否定伴随(“没有”);条件(“如果没有”) We can’t live without water.(否定伴随) by:方式(“通过……手段”);被动语态中“被”;执行者 1.He learns English by reading aloud.(方式) 2. The book was written by Lu Xun.(被动执行者) for: 目的(“为了”);原因(“因为”);对象(“给……”) 1.He works hard for his family.(目的) 2. I’m sorry for being late.(原因) of: 所属关系;特征;数量(“……的”) 1.The roof of the house is red.(所属) 2. He is a man of courage.(特征) from: 来源(“来自……”);区别(“与……不同”);时间起点 1.She is from America.(来源) 2. Different from him, I like reading.(区别) against反对;靠着;抵御 1.He fought against the enemy.(反对) 2. The rain beat against the window.(靠着) beyond: 超过;超出(能力/范围);在……另一边 The problem is beyond my ability.(超出能力) 4. 固定搭配类介词:语法填空“送分题”,需精准记忆 此类考点无太多逻辑可寻,需结合动词、名词、形容词的固定搭配记忆,以下为高频搭配(按“词类+搭配”分类,便于复盘): (1)动词+介词:depend on(依靠)、focus on(聚焦)、insist on(坚持)、succeed in(成功)、apologize for(道歉)、care about(关心)、hear of(听说)、look forward to(期待)、devote...to(致力于)、contribute to(促成) (2)名词+介词:advantage of(……的优势)、solution to(……的解决方案)、key to(……的关键)、interest in(……的兴趣)、attention to(对……的关注)、comment on(对……的评论)、belief in(对……的信念) (3)形容词+介词:good at(擅长)、famous for(因……著名)、different from(与……不同)、similar to(与……相似)、afraid of(害怕)、proud of(为……骄傲)、responsible for(对……负责)、worthy of(值得……) 二、介词易混点辨析(尖子生“避坑”关键) 语法填空中的“易错点”往往是命题人设置的“区分题”,需精准辨析以下几组易混介词: 1. in/on/to(表位置关系): * in:在范围“内”(Shanghai is in the east of China.) * on:在范围“外且相邻”(Jiangsu is on the north of Zhejiang.) * to:在范围“外且不相邻”(Japan is to the east of China.) 2. by/with/in(表方式): * by:通过“手段/方法/交通工具”(by car/by working hard) * with:用“工具/身体部位”(with a pen/with hands) * in:用“语言/材料/颜色”(in English/in ink) 3. between/among(表范围): * between:两者之间(between you and me); 三者及以上中“两两之间”(between the three students) * among:三者及以上“之中”(among the crowd) 4. since/for(表时间): * since:后接“过去时间点/从句”,与现在完成时连用(since 2020/since he came) * for:后接“时间段”,与完成时/一般过去时连用(for 5 years) 第二部分:语法填空真题结合演练(从“知识”到“能力”) 核心思路:先独立完成,再结合“考点溯源+解题逻辑”复盘,重点标注“固定搭配”“语境逻辑”“易混点”三类考点,形成解题思维定式。 一、真题基础演练(聚焦单一考点,巩固基础) 1. In China, it's a tradition to give red envelopes ______ children during the Spring Festival.(2024·浙江卷) 2. The study shows that people who sleep well are more likely to succeed ______ their work.(2023·全国甲卷) 3. A new bridge has been built ______ the two cities, making travel easier.(2023·山东卷) 4. She is famous ______ her paintings that reflect the life of ordinary people.(2022·全国乙卷) 5. ______ the help of modern technology, we can communicate with people from all over the world easily.(2022·新高考I卷) 6. He has been working in this company ______ he graduated from college.(2021·全国卷) 7. The key ______ solving the problem lies in effective communication.(2021·浙江卷) 8. They walked ______ the forest and found a small village at last.(2020·全国卷) 【真题基础演练解析】 1. to(考点:固定搭配,give sth. to sb. 给某人某物) 2. in(考点:固定搭配,succeed in sth. 在某事上成功) 3. between(考点:语境逻辑,两者之间用between,指代“两座城市之间”) 4. for(考点:固定搭配,be famous for 因……著名) 5. With(考点:固定搭配,with the help of 在……的帮助下) 6. since(考点:易混点辨析,since后接过去时间点“毕业”,与现在完成时连用) 7. to(考点:固定搭配,the key to sth. ……的关键) 8. through(考点:语境逻辑,walk through the forest 穿过森林,强调“从内部穿过”) 二、真题提升演练(聚焦复合考点,突破难点) 1. (2024·新高考I卷)My grandmother often tells me stories ______ her childhood, which are full of fun. These stories have made me more interested ______ the history of our family. 2. (2023·新高考II卷)______ a cold winter morning, we set off for the mountain village. The journey was long, but we were excited because we would meet the children who lived ______ the mountains. 3. (2022·新高考I卷)The library is a place where people can read ______ free. Many students come here to study, and some even stay ______ the whole day. The librarian is always ready to help those who have difficulty ______ finding books. 4. (2021·新高考II卷)As a student, I devote most of my time ______ studying. I believe that hard work will lead ______ success. My teacher often encourages me to learn ______ my mistakes. 【真题提升演练解析】 1. of; in(第一空:语境逻辑,“关于童年的故事”用of;第二空:固定搭配,be interested in 对……感兴趣) 2. On; in(第一空:时间介词辨析,具体某天的早晨用on;第二空:地点介词,“在山里”用in) 3. for; for; in(第一空:固定搭配,for free 免费;第二空:时间介词,“持续一整天”用for;第三空:固定搭配,have difficulty in doing sth. 做某事有困难) 4. to; to; from(第一空:固定搭配,devote...to 致力于;第二空:固定搭配,lead to 导致;第三空:语境逻辑,“从错误中学习”用from) 【解题步骤总结】 1. 第一步:判断是否为固定搭配:若空格前后为动词、名词、形容词,先联想其固定介词搭配(如“devote...to”“be interested in”),直接锁定答案; 2. 第二步:结合语境分析逻辑关系:若不是固定搭配,分析空格前后的语义逻辑(时间、地点、伴随、原因等),选择对应介词(如“具体某天早晨”用on); 3. 第三步:规避易混点陷阱:若涉及易混介词(如in/on/to、since/for),根据具体语境(范围、时间类型等)精准辨析; 4. 第四步:代入验证:将答案代入空格,通读句子,检查语义是否通顺、搭配是否合理。 三、尖子生拓展演练(预测考点,拔高能力) 以下题目结合近年命题趋势(侧重“语境化+固定搭配结合”),难度略高于真题。 1. The film is based ______ a true story that happened ______ the 1980s. Many people were moved ______ the hero's spirit of devotion. 2. ______ the development of AI technology, more and more jobs will be changed. However, we should not be afraid ______ the changes but learn to adapt ______ them. 3. The meeting will be held ______ 3 p.m. ______ Friday afternoon. All participants are required to arrive ______ time and bring a notebook ______ them. 4. The difference ______ the two methods lies ______ their efficiency. The one based ______ new technology is more effective. 【拓展演练答案】 1. on; in; by(based on 基于;in the 1980s 在20世纪80年代;be moved by 被……感动) 2. With; of; to(with the development of 随着……的发展;be afraid of 害怕;adapt to 适应) 3. at; on; on; with(at 3 p.m. 下午3点;on Friday afternoon 周五下午;on time 准时;with 表伴随“随身携带”) 4. between; in; on(between 两者之间;lie in 在于;based on 基于) 第三部分:总结与复盘(核心要点回顾) 一、核心考点清单 * 1. 固定搭配:动词/名词/形容词+介词(语法填空“送分题”,务必记熟高频搭配); * 2. 语境逻辑:时间、地点、伴随、原因等关系(需结合上下文分析); * 3. 易混点:in/on/to、by/with/in、between/among、since/for(命题人“区分题”,需精准辨析)。 二、复盘建议 1. 整理“错题本”:将做错的题目按“固定搭配错误”“逻辑分析错误”“易混点错误”分类,标注错误原因及正确思路; 2. 每日积累:每天记忆10组高频“动词/名词/形容词+介词”搭配,结合例句理解; 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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2026届高三英语一轮复习:介词知识梳理+练习
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2026届高三英语一轮复习:介词知识梳理+练习
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