考前押题04 七选五6大常考话题（期末复习专项训练）高一英语上学期人教版

专题04 七选五6大常考话题 话题1 学校生活（重点） 话题4 运动与健康（常考点） 话题2 亲子关系（常考点） 话题5 科技与生活（重点） 话题3 友谊（常考点） 话题6 环境保护 话题1 学校生活 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·重庆·期末）We have to admit that not everyone is born with the ability to learn quickly. But anyone can develop and promote their learning and memorization skills. 1 ·Take an active interest in what you’re learning. While learning something new, try finding ways to relate the subject matter to something you are personally interested in. 2 If you can find ways to explore the subject on your own terms, you may find yourself more engaged and interested over time. ·Break information down into manageable chunks. 3 Studies have shown, though, that breaking information down into more manageable parts, called “chunks”, can make it much easier to learn new information rather quickly. For example, if you’ re trying to learn 20th Century world history, you might break it down into major wars or conflicts, notable people in politics, etc. ·Seek out immediate feedback. 4 Similarly, when you’re studying how to play a new instrument in music class or performing drills with a sports team, find partners or coaches who can help you sharpen your skills and find ways to improve immediately. · 5 A good way to measure your progress is by testing what you know, which can help you locate the areas that call for improvement while also reinforcing the ones that are working well. For example, try testing your vocabulary with flash cards, and as you quiz yourself pay attention to which words you struggle with. A．Improve your memorization abilities. B．Quiz yourself to identify what needs improving. C．Even looking for the connections may make the subject more charming to you. D．Learning new information can be difficult, especially if the information is vast and complex. E．Being told immediately when you’ re doing incorrectly can help you identify what needs to change. F．When you learn something new in school, you have a teacher there to correct you when you’ re mistaken. G．With proper practice and patience of the techniques below, you can surely improve your learning and comprehension skills. Passage 2 （24-25高一上·广东江门·期末）How to Concentrate on Your Homework Focusing on homework can be tough, especially when you’d rather do anything else. Maybe your attention keeps wandering back to your phone or you just want to take a nap. 1 . Here are some tips on how to concentrate on your homework. Put away anything that might make it hard to concentrate. If you can’t stop looking at your phone, put it out of reach. 2 Close your computer or switch off your tablet unless you need them for your homework. Turn off the TV or any music that might make it hard for you to focus. If you find that it distracts you, turn it off. 3 Multitasking will actually make you less productive. If you’re doing your math homework, don’t try to listen to a video lecture about biology at the same time. You might feel like you’re getting more done, but it’ll actually slow you down! Wrap up one assignment before you move on to the next. Study in a quiet, comfortable spot. Try to find a space with lots of light and room to spread out. If you can, choose an area where you won’t be bothered by lots of distractions, like a loud TV or noisy siblings. But be careful studying in your room — if you use a space where you usually sleep or relax, it’ll be hard to get into homework mode! 4 Reward yourself with something fun when you’re done.   5 For example, you could watch your favorite TV show, play a game you like, or call up a friend. When you treat yourself every time you get your work done, you might start looking forward to the work a little more! A．Work on one assignment at a time. B．Break your assignments into smaller tasks. C．You could stick it in a desk drawer or inside your bag. D．However, it’s a vital element in your academic journey. E．Moreover, a well-lit room can boost your energy levels. F．You can pick something good so you’ll be motivated to finish your task. G．Thus, set aside a spot just for homework, and don’t do your work in bed. Passage 3 （24-25高一上·江苏徐州·期末）Why you should join a study group Studying alone sometimes feels like aimlessly wandering a lonely island. You start to feel burnt out and run out of fresh ideas. However, studying in groups can change this situation. 1 It makes learning fun It can be boring and tiring to study long hours alone. 2 So join a study group and liven up your study sessions. 3 Since everyone has individual talents and unique insights, group members can learn from each other. Study groups provide students with an opportunity to benefit from the talents and knowledge of the other group members. It offers a support system School can be very stressful, so it is advantageous to seek support from people in similar situations. Joining or forming a study group is a great way to give and receive motivation and support from fellow students and group members. 4 It covers more material 5 Many groups decide to assign topics to individual group members to research, study and then provide a summary for the group. In this way, multiple people can review more material than just one. This strategy allows students to learn a lot more in a much shorter time. A．It enables talent sharing B．It helps you become a talent C．People prefer to study in the library. D．Working in groups helps you learn more. E．Studying with a group can make leaning fulfilling and enjoyable. F．Leave the single study room and hug the benefits of group study! G．You can get notes from group members when you are absent from class. Passage 4 （24-25高一上·湖南·期末）High school is an extremely important period in a teenager’s life, marked by academics (学业), social experiences, and personal growth. It is a time filled with opportunities and challenges that shape the path toward adulthood. Academics are central to high school life. Students take a variety of subjects. 1 . For example, science includes experiments and research, while English classes focus on reading literature and writing practice. Dealing with schoolwork, projects, and exams requires good time management skills, which help students develop problem-solving abilities. 2 . High school is a time for self- discovery and setting personal goals. Students begin to explore their interests, which can guide their future choices. They start thinking about their future jobs, college choices, and what they want to achieve in life. This period of growth is important for building confidence and preparing for the transition (过渡) to adulthood. After-school activities play an important role in high school life. Students can join clubs, or arts programs. Clubs like debate team, or chess club allow students to meet like minded people. Activities like drama or music enable students to express their creativity and perform in the school play. 3 . Challenges are also a part of high school life. Students might face academic pressure, or other problems. 4 . Teachers, schoolmates, or friends are a good help. Students will benefit a lot from managing challenges. Community involvement (参与) is another important part of high school. 5 . This involvement helps them understand the importance of giving back and being part of a larger community. It also provides practical experience in working with others and addressing real-world issues. A．Make the most of your education B．It’s important to ask for support when necessary C．Personal growth is another key part of high school D．Each subject comes with its own set of requirements E．There’s always a way to be part of something you love F．Many schools encourage students to do volunteer work G．These activities help students build skills and friendships 话题2 亲子关系 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·河北张家口·期末）Everybody wants a healthy relationship with their dad. When your dad is happy with you, you’ll get the best treatment from him and most likely be happy too, 1 However, it’s important to do so for a healthy family. Spend time with him. It can be hard, especially during school days as your schedule is busy and your dad is at work. Making that extra effort to spend time with him and share your opinions and thoughts will strengthen the bond (联系) between you. 2 This can be a great time to talk and discuss the events of the day, anything that you’re worried about or anything that’s important. Ask him for advice. Consider asking your dad for advice on school work or friendships. 3 Even if your dad doesn’t have experience with a certain situation, he can still give you advice on how to deal with it or where you can best learn how to deal with it. 4 It can be difficult not to answer back, especially if you don’t agree with something your dad is saying. If you’re feeling angry, take slow, deep breaths to help you calm down. If you can, sit down and have a drink of cool water. This should help you calm down. Show your dad that you love him. Speak to him in caring words, in a warm tone (语气) of voice, or through hugs and kisses. Some dads don’t like showing too much emotion and even you might find it strange to have physical touch. Try to find a level that you’re comfortable with. 5 A．Respect him even if you disagree. B．It can be difficult pleasing your dad. C．This will show him his opinion matters. D．Ask your dad to show photos from his youth, E．Know that caring human touch is a basic need. F．Try to have at least one meal with him in a day. G．You don’t have to hug your dad in public if you don’t like to. Passage 2 （24-25高一上·吉林长春·期末）Problems between parents and children are common. Developing a better relationship with your parents involves knowing the causes of the problems and focusing on changing how you think and behave. 1 And the following are some ways to help you develop a better relationship with your parents. Act first. 2 If you want to improve your relationship with your parents, you should start right away and act first. Be appreciative. Consider everything that your parents have done for you. You may find yourself feeling grateful to your parents. Show your appreciation with your actions. Give them a nice gift, or if you live with them, do some extra housework without being asked. 3 . Be open and honest. One way to improve your relationship with your parents is to be more willing to talk to them about things that you care about and your feelings and views about these things. Keep in regular contact with them, so that they can get a better understanding of what upsets you and what makes you happy. 4 And it’s hard for them to discuss things that can attract your interest and develop the relationship between you and themselves. 5 They grow up in a different generation with different technologies and ways of thinking. Think about how these differences may contribute to problems in your relationship. See if they can recall any problem in their relationships with their parents that is due to these generational differences. And try using this information when you talk about improving your relationship with them. A．Accept that your parents are different. B．Focus more on seeking your parents’ agreement. C．They will likely be happy with you for these actions. D．There are a number of ways that can help you stay positive. E．Don’t wait for your parents to try to improve the relationship. F．If you don’t share your stories with your parents, they will not know you well. G．If you are looking to improve your relationship with your parents, you are not alone. Passage 3 （23-24高一上·辽宁锦州·期末）There are countless articles online that will give you advice on how to deal with homesickness. Here are some of my favorite tips that have helped me. 1 Learn to cook with your friends or find new places to eat. Eating with friends makes things so much better. It’s a way to bond and an excuse to get closer. You even get rewarded for it. Call home—but not every minute of every day. I saw so many online sources express it in this way, “Talk to your parents—but not too much. Call home—but not too often.” 2 However, it’s a problem when you’re talking to them so much that it’s stopping you from having real experiences in this new place. Explore. 3 It took me a while to do this because I focused so much on my studies, but it’s really important. To me, being homesick was a sign that I needed to organize my time better. So I could take a break and go for a walk. Find a way to deal with your emotions. I got a guitar during my sophomore (大学二年级) year of university because that’s what I like doing when I’m by myself. I keep a journal because it makes me feel better and productive if I need time by myself but I don’t want to feel lonely. An outlet(发泄方式) for your emotions can take any shape or form. Whatever it is, it’s important that you find a way to deal with your emotions. Don’t avoid them, but try to understand them. 4 If you focus too much on the negatives, you might forget to see the positives. Talk to someone. There is nothing wrong with finding someone to talk to about how you’re feeling. 5 Or it may mean talking to a counselor(顾问) if that’s what you think you need. There is nothing wrong with being homesick. It’s normal. It’s part of the experience. We all feel things differently, but everything you learn while you are abroad will help you grow. A．Make food from your home country. B．Going abroad may cost you a lot of money. C．It’s good to keep in touch with your family and friends. D．It’s also a good way to distract(使分心) you in a healthy way. E．After the first few weeks abroad, many students will feel a little worse. F．On that line of thought, truly try to explore the city that you’re studying in. G．It can be friends, family, mentors or professors who you feel can understand you. Passage 4 （23-24高一上·广东广州·期末）When it comes to relationships, conflict(冲突)is unavoidable. Couples can disagree and even fight while still showing respect for each other. 1 ·Be curious about your fights 2 A common cause of“the 5:30 fight” is one partner wanting to tell the other about their day, and the other partner avoiding it --needing a minute to reduce the pressure after getting home from work. Psychologists encourage couples to find out what causes this fight again and again, and try out ways to compromise (妥协)instead of allowing the conflict to erupt. ·Schedule a time for conflict 3 And when they do, it’s helpful to choose a time to talk through problems. Setting aside time to work out disagreements allows both partners to think about the best way to communicate their feelings in a calmer, more reasonable way. ·Make requests instead of complaints Fights often start with the same two words“You always.” It’s easier for people to ask their partner why they never do something than it is to simply request that they do it. Saying, “I’m not feeling happy about the way the house looks. Would you mind picking some stuff up？”is more direct and respectful than putting your loved one down. 4 ·Learn the right way to apologize to your partner Just as people have different love languages, we have different apology languages, too. It’s not enough to recognise that you’ve hurt your loved one and you owe them an apology. 5 Some people want big gestures and some people just want a simple promise. The process is figuring out what’s meaningful for your partner. A．Apologies should be made to them face to face. B．It’s also more likely to result in your partner completing the task. C．Married couples often don’t have the skills to talk about their conflicts properly. D．However, you can deal with conflicts with your partner in a healthier way. E．You have to know them enough to make your apology right for their needs. F．Couples often have the same fight over and over without solving anything. G．Though they even have the most open lines of communication, conflicts still happen. 话题3 友谊 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·浙江衢州·期末）How to Keep a Long-Distance Friendship Perhaps a friend you’ve known for years has moved away, or you’ve made a new friend from another part of the world. Don’t let distance stop you from staying close. Here are some tips on how to stay in touch. Write letters. Receiving a letter from someone you care about can brighten your friend’s day. While technology makes it easy to stay in touch, writing a letter shows how much you value the relationship. You don’t need to write a long letter. 1 Share a show. Do you both enjoy a specific TV show? Although you can’t watch it together, you can agree to watch it at the same time and discuss it later. 2 After talking about the show, you can share others in your lives. 3 There are many interesting things about where your friend is from. If you get the chance to visit, explore together. Your friend might enjoy showing you around. This can deepen your understanding of their life and create shared memories. Think of your friend. 4 Maybe you saw a video or heard their favorite song on the radio. Use these moments to reach out with a simple message like, “Hi, I just saw/heard this, and it reminded me of you.” Such conversations keep your connection strong and remind them that they are in your mind. Make the effort to reconnect. Sometimes, distance leads to losing touch. It’s natural to feel awkward about regaining the friendship. 5 Send a message saying you’ve been thinking about them and wondering how they are doing. They will likely be thrilled to hear from you. A．But it’s never too late. B．Explore with them together. C．Learn about their hometown. D．Postcards are a lovely way to stay connected. E．Has something you did recently reminded you of your friend? F．This helps you stay in touch and provides a topic for conversation. G．This makes you feel cared about despite the distance between you. Passage 2 （24-25高一上·江苏连云港·期末）I’ve moved about 20 times in my life. And each time I move to a new place, it seems to get harder and harder to keep the friendships I left behind. But right now, keeping those friendships seems especially important. 1 How can I maintain those friendships? According to one study, friendships often disappear for lack of opportunity to meet, hang out and connect. 2 But actually, things are not as discouraging as sounds. The size of our friendship group remains unchanged. 52% of those faces, though, will be different seven years later. 3 A recent study found that you have to spend 40-60 hours with someone to turn an acquaintance (熟人) into a casual friend. To become a best friend, you spend at least 200 hours of quality time together. 4 You might say “Hi” to a neighbor every morning or be polite to a coworker, but you wouldn’t necessarily invite them over for dinner. But will all the friends get further and further if you are not meeting them? I don’t think so. There are always special ones that don’t disappear because of the time or the distance. They will be there for you if you need them. 5 A．Making new friends takes time. B．And time will show you who cares. C．And the focus here is on quality time. D．So I’m wondering what is manageable? E．Is there a way to follow for making new friends? F．And we lose half of our friends every seven years. G．I don’t think there’s a secret to keeping friendships, either. Passage 3 （24-25高一上·湖南湘西·期末）Movies and TV shows would have you believe that friendships just develop effortlessly. However, in real life, friendship takes a lot of work and can be complicated sometimes! 1 . ● Be positive and supportive Keep a positive outlook in conversations. While it’s acceptable to discuss emotional issues, also include cheerful topics like books or games. For example, after a heavy discussion about a sad event, you can shift to asking, “Have you tried that new video game? It seems really fun.” 2 . If a friend has lost a job, offer kind words and practical help like helping with their resume. ● Show sincerity and trust Be genuine with your friends. When they ask for your opinion on their work, such as writing a story, give honest feedback. Instead of just saying it’s good, you could say, “The plot is interesting, but the character development could be deeper.” Also, always keep their secrets. 3 . ● Solve conflicts (冲突) properly and accept differences When conflicts occur, talk calmly and directly. If a friend uses your things without asking, say, “I feel a bit uncomfortable when you use my stuff without permission. Let’ s talk about it.” 4 . Also, respect your differences. If you like action movies and your friend prefers comedies, take turns choosing the movie for a movie night. ● 5 Practice active listening. When a friend is talking about a problem, first ask about their feelings. For instance, if a friend is having an issue with a neighbor, ask “How does that make you feel?” before giving advice. Additionally, show interest in their hobbies. For example, asking “What made you start painting?” makes them feel you want to know about them. A．Moreover, support your friends in difficult times B．Listen and show interest C．Avoid being aggressive D．If a friend tells you about a personal family issue, don’t share it with others E．Here are four essential points for getting along with friends F．In the meantime, whatever your friend needs, give him a hand G．Deal with personal affairs honestly face to face Passage 4 （24-25高一上·辽宁沈阳·期末）Keeping friendship can be a real challenge for many. Some people find that even when they connect well with others, those friends eventually lose interest. But don’t worry! 1 •Be upbeat around your friends. Optimistic people tend to have more friends and stronger relationships. 2 By spreading your optimism, you can lift the spirits of your group and make your interactions even more rewarding. To maintain this positive outlook, always look on the bright side. •Don’t try to be the problem solver. Bear in mind that advice given without being asked for can be bothersome and upsetting. 3 Therefore, always try to put yourself in your friends’ shoes before giving advice. •Be ready to suggest alternative plans. Make it a personal rule to accept social invitations unless you have a reason not to. Frequent rejection might lead to fewer invitations. 4 For instance, suggest a Sunday meet-up for a missed Thursday dinner. This shows you value their company. • 5 Self-development and personal growth make you more interesting and improve your confidence, which means you’ll be more desirable as a friend. As you continue to learn and develop new skills, you’ll have fresh perspectives and stories to share with your friends. With more life experiences under your belt, it will indeed be easier to find commonalities with other people and bond over shared interests. Adopting even one of these tips can make a big difference. Following them helps build strong, long-lasting bonds. A．Keep growing as a person. B．Boost your self-confidence. C．If you can’t attend, express interest and reschedule. D．Being pleasant to be around strengthens this positivity. E．Another important aspect is to respect your friends’ privacy. F．Sometimes, your friends just want a listening ear, not quick solutions. G．Here are some useful tips for you to improve and maintain your friendship. 话题4 运动与健康 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·湖北荆州·期末）Do You Have to Exercise to Lose Weight? Many factors (因索) influence when and how a person loses weight. To lose weight, you need to burn more calories than you take in daily. 1 However, exercising or taking part in other physical activities will help you burn more calories. It’s also important to always ask your doctor about your choices and what methods will be most helpful for your body. Some medical conditions require extra considerations. 2 Genetics (遗传学) also plays a factor in how successful an individual’s diet and exercise plan is. In one study, researchers discovered that genes could account for up to 80% of a person’s tendency (倾向) to be overweight. 3 Eating a healthy diet and getting regular exercise are important to maintain your health and wellness. 4 The latter reduces risks of having heart disease, cancer and Type 2 diabetes (糖尿病). While exercising is great for your health, it’s not always a choice for everyone. 5 Gym memberships can also be costly and some people just simply don’t have the time they need to dedicate (把……奉献给) to a regular fitness routine (常规). You may have a hard time losing weight quickly and safely without exercise, but it is possible. A．You can lose weight by eating less without exercise. B．Some kinds of nutrients prove to contribute to mental health. C．However, diet and exercise doesn’t always ensure weight loss. D．It is unbelievable that some people eat much but still keep slim. E．Some people find exercising challenging due to a lack of interest in it. F．Getting the right nutrients (营养物) in your body fuels your cells and helps you feel better. G．Other findings show that genes are helpful for determining a person’s ability to build muscle mass (肌肉量). Passage 2 （24-25高一上·重庆长寿·期末）Healthy living is important for everyone. Here are some tips for a healthy lifestyle. 1 Eat different foods like fruits, veggies, whole grains and proteins. They give good things to your body. Try not to eat processed foods or those with much sugar and fat. Regular exercise is a must. Try to do 30 minutes of moving around most days. 2 It can be walking, running, cycling or swimming. Sleep is key too. Teens usually need 8-10 hours of sleep at night. 3 Good sleep makes you feel good and ready for the day. Drinking water is important. Drink a lot of water during the day. 4 Don’t drink too many sugary drinks. Finally, dealing with stress is good for health. There are ways, like taking deep breaths or meditating. 5 A．A balanced diet matters. B．You can pick a fun activity. C．It helps your body work. D．Eating more makes you stronger. E．You can do it indoors or outdoors. F．Don’t stay up late and have a set sleep time. G．You can also talk to others about your problems. Passage 3 （24-25高一上·福建三明·期末）Taking Care of Yourself to Get Better Grades It is often said that achieving a good grade comes at a price, especially for students. It might take some efforts: take notes in class and study a little every day, 1 Remember your health is important to your performance at school, so eat a balanced diet, get plenty of sleep, and exercise daily. 2 . Your brain needs lots of energy (能量) to stay at excellent performance. Make sure it gets the energy it needs by eating your daily required servings of fruits and vegetables, dairy products, and grains. Breakfast is especially important, so have a cup of yogurt with fruit and nuts before school. Get enough sleep. It’s attractive to stay up all night texting your best friend, but a lack of sleep is terrible for your grades. Try to stick to a normal sleep schedule, go to bed early, and make sure of 8 to 10 hours of sleep per night. 3 . Exercise at least half an hour per day. Physical activity can help to reduce stress, improve concentration, and promote happiness. 4 . If you don’t play a sport or have gym class every day, set aside 30 minutes after school for a walk, jog, or bike ride. These activities can stimulate (激发) creativity. 5 . Hugo liked to walk along the street of Paris at night, thinking up new works. A．Eat a healthy diet. B．Health is better than wealth. C．However, that is not enough. D．It can also help students improve their grades. E．If necessary, you could catch some extra sleep on the weekends. F．If you’re trying to come up with a idea, why not go for a walk? G．Only in this way can you keep energetic and run faster than others. Passage 4 （24-25高一上·江苏宿迁·期末）Most people will suffer from memory loss and failure in brain function as they grow older. 1 Here’s the best of what to do for better brain health. Eat like you’re vacationing in Italy. Dr. Carolyn Fredericks, an assistant professor of neurology, always recommends her patients follow a Mediterranean diet, which includes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fish and nuts. She says omega-3s in the fish or the vitamin E in the nuts is not what makes the Mediterranean diet work. 2     Rest up. Lack of sleep is a key factor for memory loss. People who sleep less per night are 30% more likely to be diagnosed with dementia (痴呆) than those who have enough sleep. 3 Try improving your sleep hygiene (卫生) by taking steps like avoiding caffeine in the evening, limiting naps and putting away electronics before bed. 4 Should we put together puzzles or play Sudoku (数独) every day? Actually, rather than focusing on one pursuit, a “diet of intellectual activities” is better. It is compared to asking a nutritionist. what to eat for a healthy diet: the answer wouldn’t be carrots, more carrots, and only carrots. Make it a point to exercise your brain in a variety of ways, just as you feast on lots of different snacks and meals. 5 Simple daily habits mentioned above can help you effortlessly achieve it. And there’s no such thing as “too young” to start. Even if you’re in your 20s or younger, what you’re doing now will help you maintain brain health later in life. A．Challenge your mind. B．Do puzzles to stay active. C．Taking care of your brain health is a no-brainer. D．Luckily, changing our lifestyle habits can go a long way. E．You may lie awake at night counting sheep, at a loss what to do. F．Only a minority of people believe they can take action to help control. G．It is the style of eating and focus on whole foods instead that really matter. 话题5 科技与生活 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·期末）Do you know that many teenagers around us like to do volunteer work in their free time? 1 ? They think that it’s a great way to spend time. If you have an interest in volunteering, or if you would like to do something to help others, you will find that volunteering is a good choice (选择). 2 It gives you a chance to meet with new people. And when you volunteer with a willing and open heart, you will get many thanks from others. That helps you to grow and be happy at the same time. Second, volunteering helps you learn. When you volunteer, you get to learn not only from other volunteers, but also from the people you are helping. 3 . Third, volunteering makes a great difference to others, For example, when you volunteer to help disabled people, they feel happier. 4 . Fourth, you can find you might be interested in what you volunteer. For example, if you have an interest in becoming a vet (兽医), working at an animal hospital helps you learn what it is like to work with animals, As you can see, volunteering is good. 5 . A．It's our duty (责任) to love our earth B．It can make the world a better place C．First, volunteering makes you feel good D．Do you think that it is good for these teenagers E．Do you like to do volunteer work with your friends F．When you help at an animal hospital, animals there get care and love G．After all, everyone can learn something from the life experiences of others Passage 2 （24-25高一上·广东广州·期末）We all have times when it feels impossible to look away from our screens, whether we’re swiping our way through dating apps or Pinterest boards or doomscrolling through our news feeds. 1 The Internet even has a name for it: brain rot (脑腐). And brain rot happens so often to so many of us that it just got named the 2024 Oxford word of the year. 2 but the unhealthy amount of screen time it describes can definitely lead to a wide variety of cognitive and emotional problems. Excessive screen time can negatively affect attention, concentration, learning, memory, emotional regulation, and social functioning. Warning signs of brain rot in people of all ages can be similar to what happens in older adults who are developing cognitive impairment (损伤). However, there are some things you can do to prevent it and try to reverse some of its impact. 3 . Screen breaks, time limits, and restrictions for using certain unhealthy apps can be useful. There are lots of apps that can help you track total screen time, and enforce digital detox periods (数字戒毒期) to help you unplug and engage with activities in real life. This is more of a short-term fix, however, and you may need to take a hard look at your daily habits in order to improve your mood and cognitive function once brain rot sets in. 4 . A good suggestion is to replace screen time with other activities like meditation, exercise, reading, joining in-person social groups, learning new skills, playing with animals, engaging with nature. 5 A．Brain rot isn’t an official medical diagnosis (诊断). B．Whatever substitutes, remember to do them regularly. C．Changing digital media habits can improve well-being. D．Brain rot can be caused by the way we use our screens. E．Children and teens are most at risk because their brains are still developing. F．This urge can be so strong that it messes with our focus and our cognitive (认知的) health. G．For real change, one should consider lifestyle changes that are sustainable in the long-term. Passage 3 （24-25高一上·浙江嘉兴·期末）Why does one plus one equal two? One possible answer is “It just does! ” That’s just like saying “Because I said so! ” 1 It is quite right to feel frustrated (沮丧的) by that idea. 2 However, my love of math is somewhat driven by my love of breaking roles, or at least pushing against them. Both of those reasons play an important role in advancing human understanding, and especially mathematical understanding. 3 Sometimes, one plans one is just one, like if you put a pile (堆) of sand on top of another pile of mind, then you just get one the of sand. Or, as an art student of mine pointed out, if you mix one color with one color, you get one color. 4 If you have enough money on you to buy one cup of coffee, and your friend has enough to buy one, thon together you still might have enough to buy three. Now, you might think that these aren’t really situations in which one plus one equals something else, because they aren’t really addition, or because those aren’t really numbers. You’re welcome to think that, but that’s not what math does. Math instead says: 5 And in doing so, we’ll understand something about the world more deeply than we did before. A．Math isn’t really about getting the right answer. B．Sometimes, one plus one can equal more than two. C．And in some situations, one plus one is actually zero. D．This answer has been frustrating children for generations. E．Let’s work out when one plus one equals two and when it doesn’t. F．Math can feel like a boring world of strict rules you just have to follow. G．Instead of asking why one plus one is two, let’s question if it’s always true. Passage 4 （24-25高一上·北京·期末）Confirmation bias is people’s tendency to process information by looking for information that is consistent (一致的) with their existing beliefs. This biased approach to decision making results in a person ignoring information that is inconsistent with their beliefs. One explanation for why people are likely to be affected by confirmation bias is that it is an efficient way to process information. Humans are forever receiving information and cannot possibly take the time to carefully process each piece of information to form an unbiased conclusion. 1 It is adaptive for humans to rely on instinctive behaviours that keep them out of harm’s way. Another reason why people show confirmation bias is to protect their pride. People like to feel good about themselves, and discovering that a belief that they highly value is incorrect makes them feel bad about themselves. 2 Confirmation bias occurs in several contexts. In decision making, once an individual makes a decision, they will look for information that supports it. 3 Therefore, the person will ignore it or give it little consideration. In studies examining my-side bias, people were able to generate and remember more reasons supporting their side of a controversial issue than the opposing side. 4 If people are told what to expect from a person they are about to meet, such as that the person is friendly and outgoing, people will look for information that supports their expectations. For example, if Maria expects her roommate to be outgoing, Maria may ask her if she likes to go to parties rather than asking if she often studies in the library. Confirmation bias is important because it may lead people to give more weight to information that supports their beliefs than what the evidence justifies. However, in reality they have ignored a great deal of evidence contradicting their beliefs. These factors may lead to risky decision making and lead people to overlook warning signs. Actively challenging your beliefs is one of the most effective ways to reduce confirmation bias. For example, if you believe a certain practice is beneficial, seek out reliable sources that criticize it and evaluate their arguments. 5 This involves engaging in conversations with people who hold opposing views or reading materials from unfamiliar perspectives. A．Confirmation bias also operates in impression formation. B．Exposing yourself to diverse viewpoints can help reduce bias. C．Information that conflicts with a person’s decision may cause discomfort. D．Therefore, people will seek information that supports their existing beliefs. E．They need to process information quickly to protect themselves from harm. F．People shouldn’t overlook evidence that leads them to question their beliefs. G．Improving these skills can empower individuals to make more objective judgments. 话题6 环境保护 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·河北保定·期末）People hate packaging. And, yes, there’s a lot of bad and wasteful packaging out there. 1 When it comes to protecting and dispensing (分发) food, the right package can greatly reduce waste. Here are a few examples. Packaging keeps the meat fresh. We throw away a fifth of the beef we buy — the equivalent (等量) of 8 million cows each year — often because it goes bad before we cook it. The solution? 2 Case-ready packaging can lengthen that shelf life to up to 21 days. If the meat you bought isn’t going to be eaten within a few days, case-ready packaging is the better choice for the environment. 3 This dairy waste can be avoided with packaging technology such as Tetra Pak (利乐包装纸盒), which is commonly used in Europe and Asia to keep milk from spoiling, even without refrigeration. Recycled or not, Tetra Pak is a good environmental bet because it can lengthen the shelf life of milk up to nine months. 4 Once again, the environmental benefit of the food-protection technology outweighs the harmful impact of the packaging itself. Packaging Fixes Sticky Situations. 5 One example of waste-reducing packaging is the concept project shown from designer Drew Stanley. He designed a peanut butter jar made of a soft material which can be turned inside out and scraped (刮掉) clean, avoiding sticky food sticking to your fingers. A．Packaging protects milk. B．Using Tetra Pak packaging. C．But packaging isn’t always the enemy. D．We should pay attention to the rubbish produced by packaging. E．Scientists have developed packaging that can keep refrigerated meat fresh for weeks. F．It can reduce the need for refrigeration and the amount of milk that goes wasted. G．Food left behind in jars and bottles makes up a surprising amount of waste. Passage 2 （23-24高一上·河南新乡·期末）World Water Day Everyone needs water, and every drop is precious. On 22 March, World Water Day draws attention to the essential role of water in our lives. 1    We all need water to stay alive, but about two billion people around the world live without clean water in their homes 2 Many of them live in rural communities or in places where there are wars and conflicts. Meanwhile, climate change is making the little water they have access to less and less. 3 Thousands of children worldwide die every day from diarrhea caused by dirty water. In some countries, people walk many kilometers every day to get water, and sometimes the water isn’t clean. If children spend most of their day walking for water, they can’t go to school. In 1992, the United Nations made a special day for water, and World Water Day has been celebrated on 22 March every year since 1993. On this day, many countries hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water. 4 Some charities organize fundraising events for World Water Day. People do things like sponsored walks, cycles and swims. 5 , where people walk four, eight or 12 kilometers each day in March to see how it feels when they have to walk a long way to get their drinking water. People give them money to do these things, and all this money helps provide clean water to as many people as possible around the world. So, this World Water Day, what will you do? A．We all need to join in some events B．We should drink lots of water to be healthy C．People may get sick from drinking dirty water D．That’s around a quarter of the world’s population E．Other groups organize events like “Walk for Water” F．It also focuses on the difficulty many people have getting clean water G．They try to find solutions to providing everyone in the world with clean water Passage 3 （23-24高一上·浙江衢州·期末）Four Tips for Using Less Plastic(塑料) As we all know, the world has a plastic problem — and it is increasing. Scientists are working to find along-term solution by making plastic more biodegradable(生物可降解的). 1 Quit using plastic bags. 2 People use a trillion plastic bags worldwide every year About 10 percent a reused in the United States alone. That’s almost one bag per American per day. In contrast, the average Danish uses four single-use bags per year. Today, other countries (such as Germany and New Zealand) either make customers pay for plastic bags or have stopped using them completely. 3 Today, around 8 3 billion plastic straws(吸管) pollute the world’s beaches. So when you order a drink, say no to the straw, or bring your own reusable one. In 2018, Seattle became the first major U. S. city to ban plastic straws, and many other cities are set to follow its example. Don’t use plastic bottles. Buy a reusable bottle and fill it with any type of drink you like. Some cities, like Bundanoon in Australia and San Francisco in the U. S., have completely or partially(部分地) started quitting bottled water 4 . Avoid plastic packaging. Buy bar soap instead of liquid soap in plastic containers. Don’t buy fruit or vegetables in plastic packaging. 5 They also want to tax plastic take out containers. A．Don’t use plastic straws. B．Don’t pollute the beaches. C．Instead, take your own reusable shopping bag to the store. D．Therefore, pollution has been largely decreased across the world. E．In the U. K., leaders are calling for supermarkets to have plastic-free areas. F．Globally, however, people still buy nearly a million plastic bottles every minute. G．But in the meantime, here are four things you can do to reduce plastic waste now. Passage 4 （23-24高一上·广东江门·期末）Used clothing that you no longer wear can be donated to charities. And clothing with broken zippers or missing buttons can be repaired and worn again. But what do you do when your favorite shirt is too torn to wear or your socks have too many holes? Every year in the UK, 336, 000 tons of unwanted old clothing and shoes are thrown out and sent to landfills (废物填埋场), according to Recycle Now. 1 So, instead of throwing away these old clothes, try one of these eco-friendly ways to give them a second chance. One of the best ways to deal with unwanted clothing is to make it into something completely different. You can use pieces of old cloth as filling for pillows. 2 Another very good way to reuse old textiles (纺织品) made of cotton like T-shirts is to cut the clothing up and use it as cleaning cloths around your home. 3 And they are greener than using microfiber cleaning towels that drop fibers when washed. Besides, animal shelters are always looking for used towels and blankets to keep their animals warm. 4 And while you are throwing away your textiles, remember that shelters could use donations of unopened pet food and things too. 5 Green Life is one of them. For a small fee, Green Life will ship you a bag that can be filled with up to 25 pounds of used clothing and sent to the company for reuse. When the bag is received, the sender receives a small amount of money to be used on the company’s website. Everything Green Life sells is made of recycled fibers. A．You can bring your clothing to Green Life. B．Or you can turn something you like into a doll. C．So you can donate your unwanted clothing to such places. D．Some clothing companies have their own recycling services. E．The cleaning cloths can be washed and reused, unlike paper towels. F．Check to see whether certain items you are throwing out can be donated. G．This leads to greenhouse gases and allows chemicals to get into the soil. 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 七选五6大常考话题 话题1 学校生活（重点） 话题4 运动与健康（常考点） 话题2 亲子关系（常考点） 话题5 科技与生活（重点） 话题3 友谊（常考点） 话题6 环境保护 话题1 学校生活 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·重庆·期末）We have to admit that not everyone is born with the ability to learn quickly. But anyone can develop and promote their learning and memorization skills. 1 ·Take an active interest in what you’re learning. While learning something new, try finding ways to relate the subject matter to something you are personally interested in. 2 If you can find ways to explore the subject on your own terms, you may find yourself more engaged and interested over time. ·Break information down into manageable chunks. 3 Studies have shown, though, that breaking information down into more manageable parts, called “chunks”, can make it much easier to learn new information rather quickly. For example, if you’ re trying to learn 20th Century world history, you might break it down into major wars or conflicts, notable people in politics, etc. ·Seek out immediate feedback. 4 Similarly, when you’re studying how to play a new instrument in music class or performing drills with a sports team, find partners or coaches who can help you sharpen your skills and find ways to improve immediately. · 5 A good way to measure your progress is by testing what you know, which can help you locate the areas that call for improvement while also reinforcing the ones that are working well. For example, try testing your vocabulary with flash cards, and as you quiz yourself pay attention to which words you struggle with. A．Improve your memorization abilities. B．Quiz yourself to identify what needs improving. C．Even looking for the connections may make the subject more charming to you. D．Learning new information can be difficult, especially if the information is vast and complex. E．Being told immediately when you’ re doing incorrectly can help you identify what needs to change. F．When you learn something new in school, you have a teacher there to correct you when you’ re mistaken. G．With proper practice and patience of the techniques below, you can surely improve your learning and comprehension skills. 【答案】1．G 2．C 3．D 4．F 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了提高学习和记忆能力的几种方法，并详细阐述了每种方法的具体操作和效果，旨在帮助读者提升他们的学习和理解能力。 1．根据上文“We have to admit that not everyone is born with the ability to learn quickly. But anyone can develop and promote their learning and memorization skills.(我们不得不承认，并非每个人生来就具备快速学习的能力。但任何人都可以培养和提升自己的学习与记忆技能。)”可知，上文提到每个人都可以培养和提升他们的学习和记忆技能。选项G“With proper practice and patience of the techniques below, you can surely improve your learning and comprehension skills.(通过对以下技巧的适当练习和耐心实践，你肯定可以提高你的学习和理解能力。)”起到了承上启下的作用，引出下文要介绍的方法。故选G。 2．根据上文“Take an active interest in what you’re learning. While learning something new, try finding ways to relate the subject matter to something you are personally interested in.(在学习新事物时，试着找到将所学内容与你个人感兴趣的事物联系起来的方法。)”可知，上文提到在学习新事物时，试着找到将所学内容与你个人感兴趣的事物联系起来的方法。选项C“Even looking for the connections may make the subject more charming to you.(即使只是寻找这些联系，也可能会让这个学科对你更有吸引力)”进一步说明了寻找联系的好处，与前文衔接紧密。故选C。 3．根据上文“Break information down into manageable chunks.(将信息分解为可管理的组块。)”和下文“Studies have shown, though, that breaking information down into more manageable parts, called “chunks”, can make it much easier to learn new information rather quickly.(不过，研究表明，将信息分解成更易于管理的部分，即“组块”，可以让快速学习新信息变得容易得多。)”可知，下文指出可以将信息分解为更易于管理的小块。选项D“Learning new information can be difficult, especially if the information is vast and complex.(学习新信息可能很困难，尤其是当信息量大且复杂时。)”为后文提出分解信息的方法做了铺垫。故选D。 4．根据上文“Seek out immediate feedback.(寻求即时反馈。)”和下文“Similarly, when you’re studying how to play a new instrument in music class or performing drills with a sports team, find partners or coaches who can help you sharpen your skills and find ways to improve immediately.(同样，当你在音乐课上学习演奏一种新乐器或在运动队中进行训练时，找到可以帮助你提高技能并找到立即提高的方法的合作伙伴或教练。)”可知，下文举例说明在学校学习时，你可以找到帮助你提高技能并找到立即提高的方法的合作伙伴或教练，去寻求即时反馈。选项F“When you learn something new in school, you have a teacher there to correct you when you’ re mistaken.(你在学校学习新东西时，当你犯错时会有老师来纠正你)”与后文都在阐述寻求即时反馈的情况，前后逻辑一致。故选F。 5．空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文“A good way to measure your progress is by testing what you know, which can help you locate the areas that call for improvement while also reinforcing the ones that are working well.(衡量你进步的一个好方法是测试你所知道的内容，这可以帮助你找出需要改进的地方，同时也强化那些做得好的地方。)”可知，本段讲述测试所知道的内容可以衡量我们的进步。选项B“Quiz yourself to identify what needs improving.(自我测验以确定需要改进的地方)”是本段内容的概括。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·广东江门·期末）How to Concentrate on Your Homework Focusing on homework can be tough, especially when you’d rather do anything else. Maybe your attention keeps wandering back to your phone or you just want to take a nap. 1 . Here are some tips on how to concentrate on your homework. Put away anything that might make it hard to concentrate. If you can’t stop looking at your phone, put it out of reach. 2 Close your computer or switch off your tablet unless you need them for your homework. Turn off the TV or any music that might make it hard for you to focus. If you find that it distracts you, turn it off. 3 Multitasking will actually make you less productive. If you’re doing your math homework, don’t try to listen to a video lecture about biology at the same time. You might feel like you’re getting more done, but it’ll actually slow you down! Wrap up one assignment before you move on to the next. Study in a quiet, comfortable spot. Try to find a space with lots of light and room to spread out. If you can, choose an area where you won’t be bothered by lots of distractions, like a loud TV or noisy siblings. But be careful studying in your room — if you use a space where you usually sleep or relax, it’ll be hard to get into homework mode! 4 Reward yourself with something fun when you’re done.   5 For example, you could watch your favorite TV show, play a game you like, or call up a friend. When you treat yourself every time you get your work done, you might start looking forward to the work a little more! A．Work on one assignment at a time. B．Break your assignments into smaller tasks. C．You could stick it in a desk drawer or inside your bag. D．However, it’s a vital element in your academic journey. E．Moreover, a well-lit room can boost your energy levels. F．You can pick something good so you’ll be motivated to finish your task. G．Thus, set aside a spot just for homework, and don’t do your work in bed. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．G 5．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何专注于家庭作业给出了一些建议。 1．上文“Focusing on homework can be tough, especially when you’d rather do anything else. Maybe your attention keeps wandering back to your phone or you just want to take a nap.(专注于家庭作业可能很难，尤其是当你宁愿做其他任何事情的时候。也许你的注意力一直徘徊在手机上，或者你就是想小睡一会儿。)”说明了专注于家庭作业很难，人们容易被其他事物分散注意力。下文“Here are some tips on how to concentrate on your homework.(以下是一些如何专注于家庭作业的建议。)”引出了下文关于如何专注于家庭作业的建议，所以空白处应该起到承上启下的作用，说明虽然专注于家庭作业很难，但是很重要，因此需要一些方法来帮助我们专注于家庭作业。选项D“然而，它是你学术旅程中的一个重要元素”符合语境。故选D。 2．上文“If you can’t stop looking at your phone, put it out of reach.(如果你忍不住看手机，就把它放在够不着的地方。)”说明了要把手机放在够不着的地方以避免分心。选项C“你可以把它放在书桌抽屉里或包里”具体说明了如何把手机放在够不着的地方，与上文紧密相连。下文“Close your computer or switch off your tablet unless you need them for your homework(关闭你的电脑或平板电脑，除非你做作业需要它们。)”说明了除了手机，其他可能分散注意力的东西也要处理好。选项C起到了承上启下的作用。故选C。 3．下文“Multitasking will actually make you less productive. If you’re doing your math homework, don’t try to listen to a video lecture about biology at the same time. You might feel like you’re getting more done, but it’ll actually slow you down! Wrap up one assignment before you move on to the next.(多任务处理实际上会降低你的效率。如果你在做数学作业，不要同时听生物学的视频讲座。你可能会觉得你做得更多了，但实际上这会减慢你的速度！在完成一项任务后再进行下一项。)”说明了不要同时做多项任务，要一次只做一件事。选项A“一次只做一项作业”能够概括这段话的意思，且能够引出下文。故选A。 4．上文“But be careful studying in your room — if you use a space where you usually sleep or relax, it’ll be hard to get into homework mode.(但是在你的房间里学习要小心——如果你使用一个你通常睡觉或放松的空间，就很难进入做作业的状态。)”说明了不要在自己通常睡觉或放松的地方学习，因为这样很难进入学习状态。选项G“因此，留一个地方专门做作业，不要在床上做作业”与上文的意思一致。故选G。 5．上文“Reward yourself with something fun when you’re done.(完成后用一些有趣的事情奖励自己。)”说明了完成作业后要给自己一些奖励。选项F“你可以选择一些好东西，这样你就有动力完成任务”说明了选择奖励的作用，且与上文紧密相连。下文“For example, you could watch your favorite TV show, play a game you like, or call up a friend.(例如，你可以看你最喜欢的电视节目，玩你喜欢的游戏，或者给朋友打电话。)”是对选项F的举例说明。所以选项F起到了承上启下的作用。故选F。 Passage 3 （24-25高一上·江苏徐州·期末）Why you should join a study group Studying alone sometimes feels like aimlessly wandering a lonely island. You start to feel burnt out and run out of fresh ideas. However, studying in groups can change this situation. 1 It makes learning fun It can be boring and tiring to study long hours alone. 2 So join a study group and liven up your study sessions. 3 Since everyone has individual talents and unique insights, group members can learn from each other. Study groups provide students with an opportunity to benefit from the talents and knowledge of the other group members. It offers a support system School can be very stressful, so it is advantageous to seek support from people in similar situations. Joining or forming a study group is a great way to give and receive motivation and support from fellow students and group members. 4 It covers more material 5 Many groups decide to assign topics to individual group members to research, study and then provide a summary for the group. In this way, multiple people can review more material than just one. This strategy allows students to learn a lot more in a much shorter time. A．It enables talent sharing B．It helps you become a talent C．People prefer to study in the library. D．Working in groups helps you learn more. E．Studying with a group can make leaning fulfilling and enjoyable. F．Leave the single study room and hug the benefits of group study! G．You can get notes from group members when you are absent from class. 【答案】1．F 2．E 3．A 4．G 5．D 【导语】本文是说明文。主要阐述了加入学习小组的好处。 1．设空位于首段段尾，应是承接上文，点明主题，根据前文“Studying alone sometimes feels like aimlessly wandering a lonely island. You start to feel burnt out and run out of fresh ideas. However, studying in groups can change this situation.(独自学习有时感觉就像在孤岛上漫无目的地游荡。你开始感到精疲力竭，没有新的想法。然而，小组学习可以改变这种情况)”可知，本文主要讲述参加学习小组的好处，所以F项“Leave the single study room and hug the benefits of group study!(离开单独的自习室，拥抱小组学习的好处！)”符合文意，承接上文，点出本文主题。故选F项。 2．根据本段小标题“It makes learning fun(它让学习变得有趣)”可知，本段主要讲述参加学习小组会让学习变得有趣，所以E项“Studying with a group can make leaning fulfilling and enjoyable.(和一群人一起学习可以使学习变得充实和愉快)”符合本段主题，承接前文“It can be boring and tiring to study long hours alone.(长时间独自学习是很无聊和累的)”符合文意。故选E项。 3．设空为本段小标题，根据后文“Since everyone has individual talents and unique insights, group members can learn from each other. Study groups provide students with an opportunity to benefit from the talents and knowledge of the other group members.(因为每个人都有自己的才能和独特的见解，所以小组成员可以相互学习。学习小组为学生提供了一个从其他小组成员的才能和知识中受益的机会)”可知，本段讲述参加学习小组可以共享彼此的才能和见解，所以A项“It enables talent sharing(它使才能共享成为可能)”符合本段主题。故选A项。 4．根据前文“School can be very stressful, so it is advantageous to seek support from people in similar situations. Joining or forming a study group is a great way to give and receive motivation and support from fellow students and group members.(学校的压力很大，所以向有类似情况的人寻求帮助是有益的。加入或组建一个学习小组是一种很好的方式，可以从同学和小组成员那里获得动力和支持)”可知，G项“You can get notes from group members when you are absent from class.(当你缺课时，你可以从小组成员那里得到笔记)”是对前文提到小组成员的支持的具体举例，符合文意。故选G项。 5．设空位于段首，为本段中心句，根据后文“Many groups decide to assign topics to individual group members to research, study and then provide a summary for the group. In this way, multiple people can review more material than just one. This strategy allows students to learn a lot more in a much shorter time.(许多小组决定将主题分配给个别小组成员进行研究，然后为小组提供总结。通过这种方式，多人可以复习比一个人更多的材料。这种策略可以让学生在更短的时间内学到更多的东西)”可知，本段主要讲述多人复习学到的会比单独一人更多，所以D项“Working in groups helps you learn more.(小组合作可以帮助你学到更多)”符合本段主题。故选D项。 Passage 4 （24-25高一上·湖南·期末）High school is an extremely important period in a teenager’s life, marked by academics (学业), social experiences, and personal growth. It is a time filled with opportunities and challenges that shape the path toward adulthood. Academics are central to high school life. Students take a variety of subjects. 1 . For example, science includes experiments and research, while English classes focus on reading literature and writing practice. Dealing with schoolwork, projects, and exams requires good time management skills, which help students develop problem-solving abilities. 2 . High school is a time for self- discovery and setting personal goals. Students begin to explore their interests, which can guide their future choices. They start thinking about their future jobs, college choices, and what they want to achieve in life. This period of growth is important for building confidence and preparing for the transition (过渡) to adulthood. After-school activities play an important role in high school life. Students can join clubs, or arts programs. Clubs like debate team, or chess club allow students to meet like minded people. Activities like drama or music enable students to express their creativity and perform in the school play. 3 . Challenges are also a part of high school life. Students might face academic pressure, or other problems. 4 . Teachers, schoolmates, or friends are a good help. Students will benefit a lot from managing challenges. Community involvement (参与) is another important part of high school. 5 . This involvement helps them understand the importance of giving back and being part of a larger community. It also provides practical experience in working with others and addressing real-world issues. A．Make the most of your education B．It’s important to ask for support when necessary C．Personal growth is another key part of high school D．Each subject comes with its own set of requirements E．There’s always a way to be part of something you love F．Many schools encourage students to do volunteer work G．These activities help students build skills and friendships 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．G 4．B 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是高中生活的重要性和多样性。 1．空后“For example, science includes experiments and research, while English classes focus on reading literature and writing practice.(例如，科学课程包括实验和研究，而英语课程则侧重于文学阅读和写作练习。)”说明了科学和英语课程的要求，因此不同的课程有不同的要求，D选项“Each subject comes with its own set of requirements(每个科目都有自己的一套要求)”说明了每个科目都有自己的要求，引起下文，符合语境，故选D。 2．空格处是本段主旨句，由空后“High school is a time for self- discovery and setting personal goals. Students begin to explore their interests, which can guide their future choices.(高中是自我发现和设定个人目标的时期。学生开始探索他们的兴趣，这可以指导他们未来的选择)”可知，本段主要讲的是高中的重要性，C选项“Personal growth is another key part of high school(个人成长是高中生活的另一个关键部分)”说明了高中的一个关键部分是个人成长，概括了本段内容，可作为主旨句，故选C。 3．空前“Activities like drama or music enable students to express their creativity and perform in the school play.(像戏剧或音乐这样的活动可以让学生表达他们的创造力，并在学校的戏剧中表演。)”说明了像戏剧或音乐这样的活动对学生的好处，空格处也应该继续说这些活动的好处，G选项“These activities help students build skills and friendships(这些活动帮助学生建立技能和友谊)”进一步说明了这些活动的好处，承接上文，符合语境，故选G。 4．空后“Teachers, schoolmates, or friends are a good help.(老师、同学或朋友都是很好的帮手。)”说明了老师、同学或朋友是很好的帮手，所以完全可以向他们寻求帮助，B选项“It’s important to ask for support when necessary(必要时寻求支持是很重要的)”说明了寻求支持是很重要的，引起下文，符合语境，故选B。 5．空前“Community involvement (参与) is another important part of high school.(社区参与是高中生活的另一个重要部分。)”说明了参与社区活动是重要的，空格处应该和社区活动有关，F选项“Many schools encourage students to do volunteer work(许多学校鼓励学生做志愿者工作)”说明的是志愿者活动，和社区活动相关，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选F。 话题2 亲子关系 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·河北张家口·期末）Everybody wants a healthy relationship with their dad. When your dad is happy with you, you’ll get the best treatment from him and most likely be happy too, 1 However, it’s important to do so for a healthy family. Spend time with him. It can be hard, especially during school days as your schedule is busy and your dad is at work. Making that extra effort to spend time with him and share your opinions and thoughts will strengthen the bond (联系) between you. 2 This can be a great time to talk and discuss the events of the day, anything that you’re worried about or anything that’s important. Ask him for advice. Consider asking your dad for advice on school work or friendships. 3 Even if your dad doesn’t have experience with a certain situation, he can still give you advice on how to deal with it or where you can best learn how to deal with it. 4 It can be difficult not to answer back, especially if you don’t agree with something your dad is saying. If you’re feeling angry, take slow, deep breaths to help you calm down. If you can, sit down and have a drink of cool water. This should help you calm down. Show your dad that you love him. Speak to him in caring words, in a warm tone (语气) of voice, or through hugs and kisses. Some dads don’t like showing too much emotion and even you might find it strange to have physical touch. Try to find a level that you’re comfortable with. 5 A．Respect him even if you disagree. B．It can be difficult pleasing your dad. C．This will show him his opinion matters. D．Ask your dad to show photos from his youth, E．Know that caring human touch is a basic need. F．Try to have at least one meal with him in a day. G．You don’t have to hug your dad in public if you don’t like to. 【答案】1．B 2．F 3．C 4．A 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍如何与父亲建立和维护一种健康的关系。文章通过多个具体的建议，指导学生如何在日常生活中加强与父亲的联系和沟通，从而促进家庭关系的和谐。 1．上文“Everybody wants a healthy relationship with their dad.(每个人都希望与父亲建立健康的关系。)”提到与父亲建立健康的关系，此空承上启下，引出后文“However, it’s important to do so for a healthy family.(然而，对于一个健康的家庭来说，这样做很重要。)”及下面几段关于如何与父亲建立健康关系的内容。B项“取悦你的父亲可能很难”与下文构成转折，即尽管困难，但为了家庭的健康，这样做是很重要的。故选B。 2．上文“Making that extra effort to spend time with him and share your opinions and thoughts will strengthen the bond (联系) between you.(多花点时间和他在一起，分享你的观点和想法会加强你们之间的联系)”提到与父亲共度时光的重要性，F项“尝试每天至少与他共进一餐”具体提出了一个实现这一目标的方法，符合上下文逻辑。故选F。 3．上文“Consider asking your dad for advice on school work or friendships.(考虑向你的父亲征求关于学业或友谊的建议)”建议向父亲寻求关于学业或友谊的建议，C项“这会让他知道他的意见很重要”解释了为何要这么做，即通过征求他的意见来表达对他看法的重视。故选C。 4．根据本段内容“It can be difficult not to answer back, especially if you don’t agree with something your dad is saying. If you’re feeling angry, take slow, deep breaths to help you calm down. If you can, sit down and have a drink of cool water. This should help you calm down.(忍住不回答是很难的，尤其是当你不同意爸爸说的话的时候。如果你感到愤怒，慢慢深呼吸，让自己冷静下来。如果可以的话，坐下来喝点凉水。这能让你冷静下来)”可知，本段介绍与父亲意见有分歧时应如何处理。本段中“especially if you don’t agree with something your dad is saying(尤其是当你不同意爸爸说的话的时候)”与A项中“if you disagree(即使你不同意)”相呼应。A项“即使你不同意也要尊重他”能概括本段内容，符合语境。故选A。 5．上文“Some dads don’t like showing too much emotion and even you might find it strange to have physical touch. Try to find a level that you’re comfortable with.(有些爸爸不喜欢表现出太多的情感，甚至你可能会觉得身体接触很奇怪。试着找到一个你觉得舒服的水平)”介绍了通过让双方舒服的言语或身体接触向父亲表达爱意，G项“如果你不喜欢，不必在公共场合拥抱你的父亲”呼应上文“Try to find a level that you’re comfortable with.(试着找到一个你觉得舒服的水平)”符合语境。故选G。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·吉林长春·期末）Problems between parents and children are common. Developing a better relationship with your parents involves knowing the causes of the problems and focusing on changing how you think and behave. 1 And the following are some ways to help you develop a better relationship with your parents. Act first. 2 If you want to improve your relationship with your parents, you should start right away and act first. Be appreciative. Consider everything that your parents have done for you. You may find yourself feeling grateful to your parents. Show your appreciation with your actions. Give them a nice gift, or if you live with them, do some extra housework without being asked. 3 . Be open and honest. One way to improve your relationship with your parents is to be more willing to talk to them about things that you care about and your feelings and views about these things. Keep in regular contact with them, so that they can get a better understanding of what upsets you and what makes you happy. 4 And it’s hard for them to discuss things that can attract your interest and develop the relationship between you and themselves. 5 They grow up in a different generation with different technologies and ways of thinking. Think about how these differences may contribute to problems in your relationship. See if they can recall any problem in their relationships with their parents that is due to these generational differences. And try using this information when you talk about improving your relationship with them. A．Accept that your parents are different. B．Focus more on seeking your parents’ agreement. C．They will likely be happy with you for these actions. D．There are a number of ways that can help you stay positive. E．Don’t wait for your parents to try to improve the relationship. F．If you don’t share your stories with your parents, they will not know you well. G．If you are looking to improve your relationship with your parents, you are not alone. 【答案】1．G 2．E 3．C 4．F 5．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了与父母之间发展良好关系的一些方法。 1．根据上文“Developing a better relationship with your parents involves knowing the causes of the problems and focusing on changing how you think and behave.(与父母建立更好的关系需要了解问题的原因，并专注于改变你的思维和行为方式)”以及后文“And the following are some ways to help you develop a better relationship with your parents.(以下是一些帮助你与父母建立更好关系的方法)”可知，此空是在强调改善与父母的关系并不是只有自己在做，即你并不孤单，故G选项“如果你想改善与父母的关系，你并不孤单”符合语境，故选G。 2．根据上文“Act first.(先行动)”以及后文“If you want to improve your relationship with your parents, you should start right away and act first.(如果你想改善你和父母的关系，你应该马上开始行动)”可知，本段的主旨是先采取行动，即不要等待对方先开始改善关系。故E选项“不要等着你的父母来改善你们的关系”符合语境，故选E。 3．根据上文“Be appreciative. Consider everything that your parents have done for you. You may find yourself feeling grateful to your parents. Show your appreciation with your actions. Give them a nice gift, or if you live with them, do some extra housework without being asked.(感激。想想你的父母为你所做的一切。你可能会发现自己对父母心存感激。用行动表达你的感激。给他们一份漂亮的礼物，或者如果你和他们住在一起，不要被要求做一些额外的家务)”可知，本句承接上文，说明父母对上述行为的可能态度。故C选项“他们可能会对你的这些行为感到高兴”符合语境，故选C。 4．根据上文“Keep in regular contact with them, so that they can get a better understanding of what upsets you and what makes you happy.(与他们保持定期联系，这样他们就能更好地了解什么让你心烦，什么让你快乐)”以及后文“And it’s hard for them to discuss things that can attract your interest and develop the relationship between you and themselves.(他们很难讨论能吸引你兴趣的事情，也很难发展你和他们之间的关系)”可知，本句主要强调和父母分享的重要性，让父母了解你。故F选项“如果你不和父母分享你的故事，他们就不会很了解你”符合语境，故选F。 5．根据后文“They grow up in a different generation with different technologies and ways of thinking. Think about how these differences may contribute to problems in your relationship. See if they can recall any problem in their relationships with their parents that is due to these generational differences. And try using this information when you talk about improving your relationship with them.(他们成长在不同的时代，有着不同的技术和思维方式。想想这些差异是如何导致你们的关系出现问题的。看看他们是否能回忆起由于代际差异而导致的与父母关系中的任何问题。当你谈论改善你和他们的关系时，试着使用这些信息)”可知，此空是在强调接受父母与自己的不同，故A选项“接受你父母的不同”符合语境，故选A。 Passage 3 （23-24高一上·辽宁锦州·期末）There are countless articles online that will give you advice on how to deal with homesickness. Here are some of my favorite tips that have helped me. 1 Learn to cook with your friends or find new places to eat. Eating with friends makes things so much better. It’s a way to bond and an excuse to get closer. You even get rewarded for it. Call home—but not every minute of every day. I saw so many online sources express it in this way, “Talk to your parents—but not too much. Call home—but not too often.” 2 However, it’s a problem when you’re talking to them so much that it’s stopping you from having real experiences in this new place. Explore. 3 It took me a while to do this because I focused so much on my studies, but it’s really important. To me, being homesick was a sign that I needed to organize my time better. So I could take a break and go for a walk. Find a way to deal with your emotions. I got a guitar during my sophomore (大学二年级) year of university because that’s what I like doing when I’m by myself. I keep a journal because it makes me feel better and productive if I need time by myself but I don’t want to feel lonely. An outlet(发泄方式) for your emotions can take any shape or form. Whatever it is, it’s important that you find a way to deal with your emotions. Don’t avoid them, but try to understand them. 4 If you focus too much on the negatives, you might forget to see the positives. Talk to someone. There is nothing wrong with finding someone to talk to about how you’re feeling. 5 Or it may mean talking to a counselor(顾问) if that’s what you think you need. There is nothing wrong with being homesick. It’s normal. It’s part of the experience. We all feel things differently, but everything you learn while you are abroad will help you grow. A．Make food from your home country. B．Going abroad may cost you a lot of money. C．It’s good to keep in touch with your family and friends. D．It’s also a good way to distract(使分心) you in a healthy way. E．After the first few weeks abroad, many students will feel a little worse. F．On that line of thought, truly try to explore the city that you’re studying in. G．It can be friends, family, mentors or professors who you feel can understand you. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．F 4．D 5．G 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍如何应对想家的几种方法。 1．根据下文“Learn to cook with your friends or find new places to eat. (学会和朋友一起做饭或找新的地方吃饭。)”可知，这里是建议人们用学着做饭的方法来应对想家。选项A“做家乡菜。”和下文意思一致。故选A。 2．根据上文“I saw so many online sources express it in this way, “Talk to your parents—but not too much. Call home—but not too often.” (我看到很多网上消息来源都是这样表达的，“和你的父母谈谈，但不要太多。给家里打电话，但不要经常打。”)”可知，这一段建议和家人保持联系。选项C“与家人和朋友保持联系是很好的。”和上文意思一致。故选C。 3．根据上文“Explore. (探索。)”可知，这一段是建议人们多了解一下未知的东西。选项F“按照这种思路，真正尝试探索你正在学习的城市。”和上文意思一致。故选F。 4．根据上文“An outlet(发泄方式) for your emotions can take any shape or form Whatever it is, it’s important that you find a way to deal with your emotions. Don’t avoid them, but try to understand them. (情绪的发泄可以采取任何形式。无论是什么，找到一种处理情绪的方法都很重要。不要回避它们，但要努力理解它们。)”可知，这一段建议人们利用发泄情绪的方式来分散想家的注意力。选项D“这也是以健康的方式分散注意力的好方法。”和上文意思一致。故选D。 5．根据下文“Or it may mean talking to a counselor(顾问) if that’s what you think you need. (或者，如果你认为你需要的话，那可能意味着要和咨询师谈谈。) ”可知，这一段建议人们找人聊聊你想家的情绪。选项G“可以是你觉得可以理解你的朋友、家人、导师或教授。”和下文意思一致。故选G。 Passage 4 （23-24高一上·广东广州·期末）When it comes to relationships, conflict(冲突)is unavoidable. Couples can disagree and even fight while still showing respect for each other. 1 ·Be curious about your fights 2 A common cause of“the 5:30 fight” is one partner wanting to tell the other about their day, and the other partner avoiding it --needing a minute to reduce the pressure after getting home from work. Psychologists encourage couples to find out what causes this fight again and again, and try out ways to compromise (妥协)instead of allowing the conflict to erupt. ·Schedule a time for conflict 3 And when they do, it’s helpful to choose a time to talk through problems. Setting aside time to work out disagreements allows both partners to think about the best way to communicate their feelings in a calmer, more reasonable way. ·Make requests instead of complaints Fights often start with the same two words“You always.” It’s easier for people to ask their partner why they never do something than it is to simply request that they do it. Saying, “I’m not feeling happy about the way the house looks. Would you mind picking some stuff up？”is more direct and respectful than putting your loved one down. 4 ·Learn the right way to apologize to your partner Just as people have different love languages, we have different apology languages, too. It’s not enough to recognise that you’ve hurt your loved one and you owe them an apology. 5 Some people want big gestures and some people just want a simple promise. The process is figuring out what’s meaningful for your partner. A．Apologies should be made to them face to face. B．It’s also more likely to result in your partner completing the task. C．Married couples often don’t have the skills to talk about their conflicts properly. D．However, you can deal with conflicts with your partner in a healthier way. E．You have to know them enough to make your apology right for their needs. F．Couples often have the same fight over and over without solving anything. G．Though they even have the most open lines of communication, conflicts still happen. 【答案】1．D 2．F 3．G 4．B 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四种解决夫妻间冲突的方法。 1．由空格前的句子“When it comes to relationships, conflict(冲突)is unavoidable. Couples can disagree and even fight while still showing respect for each other.（当涉及到人际关系时，冲突是不可避免的。夫妻可以在彼此尊重的同时产生分歧甚至争吵）”可知，夫妻间的分歧甚至争吵是不可避免的，而下文接着介绍的是解决夫妻间冲突的方法，所以空格处的句子应该是一个承上启下的句子，引出下文的解决方法。而D项“However, you can deal with conflicts with your partner in a healthier way.（然而，你可以用一种更健康的方式来处理与伴侣的冲突）”填入空格处，可以起到承上启下的作用。故选D项。 2．根据空格后的句子“A common cause of ‘the 5:30 fight’ is one partner wanting to tell the other about their day, and the other partner avoiding it --needing a minute to reduce the pressure after getting home from work. Psychologists encourage couples to find out what causes this fight again and again, and try out ways to compromise (妥协)instead of allowing the conflict to erupt.（‘五点半吵架’的一个常见原因是，一方想告诉另一方一天的事情，而另一方则避而不谈——下班回家后需要一分钟来缓解压力。心理学家鼓励夫妻们反复寻找争吵的原因，并尝试妥协的方法，而不是让冲突爆发）”可知，夫妻可能因同一问题反复争吵，而F项“Couples often have the same fight over and over without solving anything.（夫妻之间经常发生同样的争吵，但却无法解决任何问题）”同样是说夫妻之间经常发生同样的争吵，所以把F项填入空格处，和下文形成顺接关系。故选F项。 3．根据空格后的句子“And when they do, it’s helpful to choose a time to talk through problems.（当它们确实发生时，选择一个时间来讨论问题是很有帮助的）”可知，句中的代词they应该代指空格处句子中的内容，代动词do应该代替空格处句子中的动词。而G项“Though they even have the most open lines of communication, conflicts still happen.（尽管他们有最开放的沟通渠道，但冲突仍然会发生）”和下文是顺接关系，下一句中的代词they就是代替G项中的conflicts，下一句中的do代替的是动词happen。故选G项。 4．根据空格前的句子“It’s easier for people to ask their partner why they never do something than it is to simply request that they do it. Saying, ‘I’m not feeling happy about the way the house looks. Would you mind picking some stuff up？’ is more direct and respectful than putting your loved one down.（人们更容易问他们的伴侣为什么他们从不做某事，而不是简单地请求他们做。说：‘我对房子的样子不满意。你能帮我拿点东西吗?’比贬低你爱的人更直接更尊重）”可知，以请求的方式要求对方做某事，效果会跟好，空格处的内容也应该是说这样做的好处，而B项“It’s also more likely to result in your partner completing the task.（这也更有可能导致你的伴侣完成任务）”就是说，以请求的方式更有可能让你的伴侣去完成一件事，所以B项填入空格处和上文是顺接关系。故选B项。 5．根据空格前的句子“It’s not enough to recognise that you’ve hurt your loved one and you owe them an apology.（仅仅意识到你伤害了你爱的人，你欠他们一个道歉是不够的）”可知，仅仅知道你欠你爱的人一个道歉是不够的。而空格后的句子“Some people want big gestures and some people just want a simple promise.（有些人想要大动作，而有些人只想要一个简单的承诺）”以实例说明有人想要的正确方式，所以空格处的句子应该谈到“以正确的方式道歉”，所以E项“You have to know them enough to make your apology right for their needs.（你必须足够了解他们，才能让你的道歉符合他们的需要）”填入空格处，符合题意。故选E项。 话题3 友谊 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·浙江衢州·期末）How to Keep a Long-Distance Friendship Perhaps a friend you’ve known for years has moved away, or you’ve made a new friend from another part of the world. Don’t let distance stop you from staying close. Here are some tips on how to stay in touch. Write letters. Receiving a letter from someone you care about can brighten your friend’s day. While technology makes it easy to stay in touch, writing a letter shows how much you value the relationship. You don’t need to write a long letter. 1 Share a show. Do you both enjoy a specific TV show? Although you can’t watch it together, you can agree to watch it at the same time and discuss it later. 2 After talking about the show, you can share others in your lives. 3 There are many interesting things about where your friend is from. If you get the chance to visit, explore together. Your friend might enjoy showing you around. This can deepen your understanding of their life and create shared memories. Think of your friend. 4 Maybe you saw a video or heard their favorite song on the radio. Use these moments to reach out with a simple message like, “Hi, I just saw/heard this, and it reminded me of you.” Such conversations keep your connection strong and remind them that they are in your mind. Make the effort to reconnect. Sometimes, distance leads to losing touch. It’s natural to feel awkward about regaining the friendship. 5 Send a message saying you’ve been thinking about them and wondering how they are doing. They will likely be thrilled to hear from you. A．But it’s never too late. B．Explore with them together. C．Learn about their hometown. D．Postcards are a lovely way to stay connected. E．Has something you did recently reminded you of your friend? F．This helps you stay in touch and provides a topic for conversation. G．This makes you feel cared about despite the distance between you. 【答案】1．D 2．F 3．C 4．E 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了维持一段异地友谊的一些方法。 1．根据上文“Write letters. Receiving a letter from someone you care about can brighten your friend’s day. While technology makes it easy to stay in touch, writing a letter shows how much you value the relationship. You don’t need to write a long letter.(写信。收到来自你关心的人的信可以让你朋友的一天变得愉快。虽然科技让保持联系变得很容易，但写信能表明你有多重视这段关系。你不必写一封长信)”可知，上文主要讲述的是通过写信来维持友谊，且不必写长信，故空白处应承接上文，继续说明还有什么方式可以写信。选项D“明信片是保持联系的一种可爱方式”符合语境。故选D。 2．根据上文“Although you can’t watch it together, you can agree to watch it at the same time and discuss it later.(虽然你们不能一起看，但你们可以约定同时看，然后再讨论)”和下文“After talking about the show, you can share others in your lives.(聊完节目后，你们可以分享生活中的其他事情)”可知，空白处的内容应与同时看节目并讨论有关，且这个行为对维持友谊有好处。选项F“这有助于你们保持联系，并为对话提供一个话题”符合语境，其中的“This”指代上文的“同时看节目并讨论”这件事。故选F。 3．根据下文“There are many interesting things about where your friend is from. If you get the chance to visit, explore together. Your friend might enjoy showing you around. This can deepen your understanding of their life and create shared memories.(你朋友的家乡有很多有趣的事情。如果你有机会去拜访，就一起去探索。你的朋友可能会喜欢带你四处看看。这可以加深你对他们生活的理解，并创造共同的回忆)”可知，本段主要讲述的是要了解朋友的家乡，如果有机会，可以一起去探索。选项C“了解他们的家乡”能够概括本段主旨。故选C。 4．根据下文“Maybe you saw a video or heard their favorite song on the radio. Use these moments to reach out with a simple message like, ‘Hi, I just saw/heard this, and it reminded me of you.’ Such conversations keep your connection strong and remind them that they are in your mind.(也许你在视频上或收音机上听到了他们最喜欢的歌。利用这些时刻，发送一条简单的信息，比如‘嗨，我刚看到/听到这个，它让我想起了你。’这样的对话能让你们的联系保持紧密，并提醒他们，你在想着他们)”可知，空白处的内容应与某件事让你想起了朋友有关。选项E“你最近做的某事有没有让你想起你的朋友？”符合语境，且引出下文。故选E。 5．根据上文“Sometimes, distance leads to losing touch. It’s natural to feel awkward about regaining the friendship.(有时，距离会导致失去联系。重新获得友谊时感到尴尬是很自然的)”和下文“Send a message saying you’ve been thinking about them and wondering how they are doing. They will likely be thrilled to hear from you.(发一条信息说你一直在想他们，想知道他们过得怎么样。他们收到你的信息可能会很激动)”可知，空白处的内容应与虽然失去联系，但现在重新联系也不晚有关。选项A“但永远都不晚”符合语境，承上启下。故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·江苏连云港·期末）I’ve moved about 20 times in my life. And each time I move to a new place, it seems to get harder and harder to keep the friendships I left behind. But right now, keeping those friendships seems especially important. 1 How can I maintain those friendships? According to one study, friendships often disappear for lack of opportunity to meet, hang out and connect. 2 But actually, things are not as discouraging as sounds. The size of our friendship group remains unchanged. 52% of those faces, though, will be different seven years later. 3 A recent study found that you have to spend 40-60 hours with someone to turn an acquaintance (熟人) into a casual friend. To become a best friend, you spend at least 200 hours of quality time together. 4 You might say “Hi” to a neighbor every morning or be polite to a coworker, but you wouldn’t necessarily invite them over for dinner. But will all the friends get further and further if you are not meeting them? I don’t think so. There are always special ones that don’t disappear because of the time or the distance. They will be there for you if you need them. 5 A．Making new friends takes time. B．And time will show you who cares. C．And the focus here is on quality time. D．So I’m wondering what is manageable? E．Is there a way to follow for making new friends? F．And we lose half of our friends every seven years. G．I don’t think there’s a secret to keeping friendships, either. 【答案】1．D 2．F 3．A 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者结合自己由于经常搬家难以维持友谊的经历，探讨了该如何维持友情。研究表明，友谊的消失往往因为缺乏见面和交流的机会，建立友谊需要高质量的时间，而作者认为真正的朋友不会因为时间和距离而消失。 1．根据上文“I’ve moved about 20 times in my life. And each time I move to a new place, it seems to get harder and harder to keep the friendships I left behind. But right now, keeping those friendships seems especially important.(我这辈子搬了大约20次家。每次我搬到一个新的地方，似乎越来越难保持我留下的友谊。但现在，保持这些友谊似乎尤为重要)”以及后文“How can I maintain those friendships?(我怎样才能维持这些友谊？)”可知，本句与后文并列，都是作者在反问自己如何维持友谊的问题。故D选项“所以我想知道什么是可管理的？”符合语境，故选D。 2．根据上文“According to one study, friendships often disappear for lack of opportunity to meet, hang out and connect.(根据一项研究，友谊经常因为缺乏见面、闲逛和联系的机会而消失)”以及后文“But actually, things are not as discouraging as sounds. The size of our friendship group remains unchanged. 52% of those faces, though, will be different seven years later.(但实际上，事情并不像听起来那么令人沮丧。我们朋友圈的规模没有改变。然而，其中52%的面孔在七年后会有所不同)”可知，后文提到了52%的朋友在七年后会有所不同；F选项“我们每七年就会失去一半的朋友”承接上文，进一步描述友谊可能消失的情况，选项中lose half of our friends every seven years与下文中“52% of those faces, though, will be different seven years later”相对应。故选F。 3．后文“A recent study found that you have to spend 40-60 hours with someone to turn an acquaintance (熟人) into a casual friend. To become a best friend, you spend at least 200 hours of quality time together.(最近的一项研究发现，你必须花40到60个小时和一个人在一起，才能把一个熟人变成普通朋友。要成为最好的朋友，你们至少要共度200个小时的美好时光)”主要介绍了结交朋友需要的时间问题。故A选项“结交新朋友需要时间”符合语境，起到引领下文的作用，故选A。 4．根据上文“To become a best friend, you spend at least 200 hours of quality time together.(要成为最好的朋友，你们至少要共度200个小时的高质量时光)”以及后文“You might say “Hi” to a neighbor every morning or be polite to a coworker, but you wouldn’t necessarily invite them over for dinner.(你可能每天早上都对邻居说‘嗨’，或者对同事彬彬有礼，但你不一定会邀请他们过来吃晚饭)”可知，上文提到了成为最好的朋友需要共度高质量时光，C选项“这里的重点是高质量的时间”承接上文，强调“高质量时间”对于建立真正友谊的重要性。符合语境，故选C。 5．上文“But will all the friends get further and further if you are not meeting them? I don’t think so. There are always special ones that don’t disappear because of the time or the distance. They will be there for you if you need them.(但是，如果你不去见他们，所有的朋友都能走得越来越远吗？我不这么想。总有一些特别的人，不会因为时间和距离而消失。如果你需要他们，他们会在你身边)”提到有一些特别的人，不会因为时间和距离而消失。如果你需要他们，他们会在你身边，说明时间会考验出真正的友谊。故B选项“时间会告诉你谁在乎”符合语境，故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25高一上·湖南湘西·期末）Movies and TV shows would have you believe that friendships just develop effortlessly. However, in real life, friendship takes a lot of work and can be complicated sometimes! 1 . ● Be positive and supportive Keep a positive outlook in conversations. While it’s acceptable to discuss emotional issues, also include cheerful topics like books or games. For example, after a heavy discussion about a sad event, you can shift to asking, “Have you tried that new video game? It seems really fun.” 2 . If a friend has lost a job, offer kind words and practical help like helping with their resume. ● Show sincerity and trust Be genuine with your friends. When they ask for your opinion on their work, such as writing a story, give honest feedback. Instead of just saying it’s good, you could say, “The plot is interesting, but the character development could be deeper.” Also, always keep their secrets. 3 . ● Solve conflicts (冲突) properly and accept differences When conflicts occur, talk calmly and directly. If a friend uses your things without asking, say, “I feel a bit uncomfortable when you use my stuff without permission. Let’ s talk about it.” 4 . Also, respect your differences. If you like action movies and your friend prefers comedies, take turns choosing the movie for a movie night. ● 5 Practice active listening. When a friend is talking about a problem, first ask about their feelings. For instance, if a friend is having an issue with a neighbor, ask “How does that make you feel?” before giving advice. Additionally, show interest in their hobbies. For example, asking “What made you start painting?” makes them feel you want to know about them. A．Moreover, support your friends in difficult times B．Listen and show interest C．Avoid being aggressive D．If a friend tells you about a personal family issue, don’t share it with others E．Here are four essential points for getting along with friends F．In the meantime, whatever your friend needs, give him a hand G．Deal with personal affairs honestly face to face 【答案】1．E 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了与现实相反，友谊并非轻易发展，并给出了与朋友相处的四个要点。 1．由上文“Movies and TV shows would have you believe that friendships just develop effortlessly. However, in real life, friendship takes a lot of work and can be complicated sometimes! (电影和电视剧会让你相信友谊是自然而然发展起来的。然而，在现实生活中，友谊需要大量的努力，而且有时会很复杂！)”和下文“Be positive and supportive (保持积极和支持)”可知，上文提到友谊需要付出很多努力，下文给出一些具体的建议，本空应强调下文有与朋友相处的建议。E选项“Here are four essential points for getting along with friends (这里有四个与朋友相处的要点)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选E。 2．由下文“If a friend has lost a job, offer kind words and practical help like helping with their resume. (如果一个朋友失业了，请提供善意的话语和实际的帮助，比如帮助他们写简历。)”可知，下文举例说如果朋友失业了要提供善意的话语和实际的帮助，本空应强调在困难时期支持朋友，A选项“Moreover, support your friends in difficult times (此外，在困难时期支持你的朋友)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选A。 3．由上文“Also, always keep their secrets. (此外，要始终保守他们的秘密。)”可知，上文提到要保守秘密，本空应进一步举例说明保守朋友的秘密，D选项“If a friend tells you about a personal family issue, don’t share it with others (如果一个朋友告诉你一个家庭私事，不要告诉别人)”进一步说明如何保守秘密，即不要将朋友的家庭私事告诉别人，符合题意。故选D。 4．由上文“When conflicts occur, talk calmly and directly. If a friend uses your things without asking, say, “I feel a bit uncomfortable when you use my stuff without permission. Let’ s talk about it.” (当冲突发生时，要冷静直接地交谈。如果朋友不经过你的允许就用你的东西，就说：“你未经允许就用我的东西，我有点不舒服。我们谈谈吧。”)”可知，上文提到冲突发生时，要冷静交谈，本空应强调冲突时的态度要好，不要咄咄逼人，C选项“Avoid being aggressive (避免咄咄逼人)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选C。 5．由下文“Practice active listening. When a friend is talking about a problem, first ask about their feelings. (练习积极倾听。当朋友在谈论一个问题时，首先询问他们的感受)”可知，本段主要讲述如何倾听朋友的感受，B选项“Listen and show interest (倾听并表现出兴趣)”能概括本段大意，符合题意。故选B。 Passage 4 （24-25高一上·辽宁沈阳·期末）Keeping friendship can be a real challenge for many. Some people find that even when they connect well with others, those friends eventually lose interest. But don’t worry! 1 •Be upbeat around your friends. Optimistic people tend to have more friends and stronger relationships. 2 By spreading your optimism, you can lift the spirits of your group and make your interactions even more rewarding. To maintain this positive outlook, always look on the bright side. •Don’t try to be the problem solver. Bear in mind that advice given without being asked for can be bothersome and upsetting. 3 Therefore, always try to put yourself in your friends’ shoes before giving advice. •Be ready to suggest alternative plans. Make it a personal rule to accept social invitations unless you have a reason not to. Frequent rejection might lead to fewer invitations. 4 For instance, suggest a Sunday meet-up for a missed Thursday dinner. This shows you value their company. • 5 Self-development and personal growth make you more interesting and improve your confidence, which means you’ll be more desirable as a friend. As you continue to learn and develop new skills, you’ll have fresh perspectives and stories to share with your friends. With more life experiences under your belt, it will indeed be easier to find commonalities with other people and bond over shared interests. Adopting even one of these tips can make a big difference. Following them helps build strong, long-lasting bonds. A．Keep growing as a person. B．Boost your self-confidence. C．If you can’t attend, express interest and reschedule. D．Being pleasant to be around strengthens this positivity. E．Another important aspect is to respect your friends’ privacy. F．Sometimes, your friends just want a listening ear, not quick solutions. G．Here are some useful tips for you to improve and maintain your friendship. 【答案】1．G 2．D 3．F 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何提升和维护友谊的几种方法。 1．此空设于段尾，引出下文将要介绍的内容。根据下文提供的几个具体的建议“Be upbeat around your friends.(在朋友面前保持乐观)”“Don’t try to be the problem solver. (不要试图成为问题解决者)”“Be ready to suggest alternative plans.(准备好提出替代计划)”可以推断出此处应为引出话题的句子，G选项“Here are some useful tips for you to improve and maintain your friendship.(以下是一些有用的建议，帮助你提升和维护友谊)”为读者提供了一个清晰的指引，说明接下来的文章将提供一些实用的建议，符合语境。故选G。 2．此空设于段中，需要与前文“Be upbeat around your friends.(在朋友面前保持乐观)”相衔接。根据前文提到的“Optimistic people tend to have more friends and stronger relationships.(乐观的人往往有更多的朋友和更牢固的关系)”说明乐观的人拥有更多朋友和更强的关系，以及后文“By spreading your optimism, you can lift the spirits of your group and make your interactions even more rewarding.(通过传播你的乐观情绪，你可以振奋团队的士气，让你们的互动变得更加有意义)”说明本段主要讨论如何在朋友周围保持乐观的态，D选项“Being pleasant to be around strengthens this positivity.(让人感到愉快的人会增强这种积极性)”强调了保持乐观态度对于增强友谊的重要性，其中的“this positivity”呼应前文中的“optimism”，且与前文构成顺承关系。符合语境。故选D。 3．此空设于段中，需要与前文“Don’t try to be the problem solver. (不要试图成为问题解决者)”相衔接。根据前文提到的“Bear in mind that advice given without being asked for can be bothersome and upsetting.(请记住，未经询问而给出的建议可能会令人烦恼和不安)”说明未经请求给出的建议可能会令人烦恼和沮丧，空处应进一步解释说明为什么不要随意给建议，F项“Sometimes, your friends just want a listening ear, not quick solutions.(有时候，你的朋友只是想要一个倾听的耳朵，而不是快速的解决方案)”提醒读者在某些情况下，朋友可能更需要一个倾听者而不是一个解决问题的人，使得段落主题更加明确，前后衔接自然，符合语境。故选F。 4．此空设于段中，需要与前文“Be ready to suggest alternative plans.(准备好提出替代计划)”相衔接。根据前文提到的“Frequent rejection might lead to fewer invitations.(频繁拒绝可能会导致邀请减少)”可知，空处应说明如果无法参加活动时应该如何处理，C项“If you can`t attend, express interest and reschedule.(如果你不能参加，表达兴趣并重新安排)”，这句话建议读者如果不能参加某个活动，应该表达出对活动的兴趣并尝试重新安排，承接上文，符合语境。故选C。 5．此空设于段首，作为段落的小标题，概述了本段的主旨。根据下文提到“Self-development and personal growth make you more interesting and improve your confidence, which means you`ll be more desirable as a friend.(自我发展和个人成长使你变得更加有趣，并提升你的自信心，这意味着你会成为一个更有吸引力的朋友)”说明本段讨论自我发展和个人成长的重要性，A项“Keep growing as a person.(作为人要不断成长)”符合段落的整体逻辑，强调了个人成长对于友谊的重要性，符合语境。故选A。 话题4 运动与健康 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·湖北荆州·期末）Do You Have to Exercise to Lose Weight? Many factors (因索) influence when and how a person loses weight. To lose weight, you need to burn more calories than you take in daily. 1 However, exercising or taking part in other physical activities will help you burn more calories. It’s also important to always ask your doctor about your choices and what methods will be most helpful for your body. Some medical conditions require extra considerations. 2 Genetics (遗传学) also plays a factor in how successful an individual’s diet and exercise plan is. In one study, researchers discovered that genes could account for up to 80% of a person’s tendency (倾向) to be overweight. 3 Eating a healthy diet and getting regular exercise are important to maintain your health and wellness. 4 The latter reduces risks of having heart disease, cancer and Type 2 diabetes (糖尿病). While exercising is great for your health, it’s not always a choice for everyone. 5 Gym memberships can also be costly and some people just simply don’t have the time they need to dedicate (把……奉献给) to a regular fitness routine (常规). You may have a hard time losing weight quickly and safely without exercise, but it is possible. A．You can lose weight by eating less without exercise. B．Some kinds of nutrients prove to contribute to mental health. C．However, diet and exercise doesn’t always ensure weight loss. D．It is unbelievable that some people eat much but still keep slim. E．Some people find exercising challenging due to a lack of interest in it. F．Getting the right nutrients (营养物) in your body fuels your cells and helps you feel better. G．Other findings show that genes are helpful for determining a person’s ability to build muscle mass (肌肉量). 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．G 4．F 5．E 【导语】这是一篇议论文。本文探讨了减肥是否需要运动。文章指出，减少卡路里摄入可以帮助减肥，但运动可以加速这一过程。遗传因素也影响减肥效果，基因可能决定一个人是否容易超重。保持健康饮食和定期锻炼对整体健康至关重要，但并非所有人都能做到。有些人可能因为缺乏兴趣、时间或经济原因而无法坚持运动。尽管如此，即使不运动，通过控制饮食也能实现减肥目标。 1．根据上文“To lose weight, you need to burn more calories than you take in daily.( 为了减肥，你需要燃烧比你每天摄入更多的卡路里。)”以及下文“However, exercising or taking part in other physical activities will help you burn more calories.( 然而，锻炼或参加其他体育活动会帮助你燃烧更多的卡路里。)”可知，这里说的是减肥的方式，“However”表示转折，说明前一句应是说不运动也能减肥，A选项You can lose weight by eating less without exercise.( 你可以通过少吃而不运动来减肥。)可知，符合此推断，起到上下文的承上启下作用，符合语境。故选A项。 2．根据下文“Genetics (遗传学) also plays a factor in how successful an individual’s diet and exercise plan is.( 遗传学也是决定个人饮食和锻炼计划成功与否的一个因素。)”可知，遗传学在个人的饮食和锻炼计划的成功与否中也起作用，说明饮食和锻炼并不总是能确保减肥成功，C 选项However, diet and exercise doesn’t always ensure weight loss.( 然而，饮食和锻炼并不总是能确保减肥。)可知，符合语境，引出下文关于遗传学的内容。故选C项。 3．根据上文“Genetics (遗传学) also plays a factor in how successful an individual’s diet and exercise plan is. In one study, researchers discovered that genes could account for up to 80% of a person’s tendency (倾向) to be overweight.( 遗传学也是决定个人饮食和锻炼计划成功与否的一个因素。在一项研究中，研究人员发现，遗传学可能占一个人超重倾向的80%。)”可知，这里在说遗传学对减肥的影响，G 选项Other findings show that genes are helpful for determining a person’s ability to build muscle mass (肌肉量).(其他研究结果表明，基因有助于确定一个人增加肌肉量的能力。)可知，也是在说基因的作用，与上文衔接紧密。故选G项。 4．根据上文“Eating a healthy diet and getting regular exercise are important to maintain your health and wellness.( 吃健康的饮食和经常锻炼对保持身体健康很重要。)”可知，这里说的是健康饮食和定期锻炼对保持健康的重要性，下文“The latter reduces risks of having heart disease, cancer and Type 2 diabetes (糖尿病).(后者可以降低患心脏病、癌症和2型糖尿病的风险。)”中“the latter”指的是“getting regular exercise”，那么前一句应是说健康饮食的作用，F选项Getting the right nutrients (营养物) in your body fuels your cells and helps you feel better.(在你的身体中获取正确的营养物质能为你的细胞提供能量并帮助你感觉更好。)可知，符合此推断，上下文语意连贯，符合语境。故选F项。 5．根据上文“While exercising is great for your health, it’s not always a choice for everyone.( 虽然锻炼对你的健康有好处，但并不是每个人都适合。)”以及下文“Gym memberships can also be costly and some people just simply don’t have the time they need to dedicate (把…… 奉献给) to a regular fitness routine (常规).( 健身房会员也很贵，有些人只是没有时间去做常规的健身计划。)”可知，这里在说有些人不选择运动的原因，E选项Some people find exercising challenging due to a lack of interest in it.( 有些人因为对运动缺乏兴趣而觉得运动具有挑战性。)可知，也是不选择运动的一个原因，符合语境。故选E项。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·重庆长寿·期末）Healthy living is important for everyone. Here are some tips for a healthy lifestyle. 1 Eat different foods like fruits, veggies, whole grains and proteins. They give good things to your body. Try not to eat processed foods or those with much sugar and fat. Regular exercise is a must. Try to do 30 minutes of moving around most days. 2 It can be walking, running, cycling or swimming. Sleep is key too. Teens usually need 8-10 hours of sleep at night. 3 Good sleep makes you feel good and ready for the day. Drinking water is important. Drink a lot of water during the day. 4 Don’t drink too many sugary drinks. Finally, dealing with stress is good for health. There are ways, like taking deep breaths or meditating. 5 A．A balanced diet matters. B．You can pick a fun activity. C．It helps your body work. D．Eating more makes you stronger. E．You can do it indoors or outdoors. F．Don’t stay up late and have a set sleep time. G．You can also talk to others about your problems. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．F 4．C 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章提出了一些健康生活的建议。 1．根据空后“Eat different foods like fruits, veggies, whole grains and proteins. They give good things to your body. Try not to eat processed foods or those with much sugar and fat. (吃不同的食物，比如水果、蔬菜、全谷物和蛋白质。他们给你的身体好东西。尽量不要吃加工食品或含糖量和脂肪含量高的食品。)”可知，本段是关于均衡饮食，A项“均衡饮食很重要。”符合语境，故选A。 2．上文“Try to do 30 minutes of moving around most days. (尽量每天活动30分钟。)”提到尽量每天活动30分钟，下文“It can be walking, running, cycling or swimming. (它可以是散步、跑步、骑自行车或游。泳)”列举了具体的活动形式，推知空处和活动形式有关，B项“你可以选择一个有趣的活动。”符合语境，故选B。 3．上文“Teens usually need 8-10 hours of sleep at night.(青少年晚上通常需要8-10个小时的睡眠。)”是关于睡眠的建议，F项“不要熬夜，有一个固定的睡眠时间。”也是关于睡眠的建议，符合语境，故选F。 4．上文“Drink a lot of water during the day. (白天要多喝水。)”提到白天要多喝水，C项“它有助于你的身体工运转。”说明其作用，故选C。 5．上文“There are ways, like taking deep breaths or meditating. (有很多方法，比如深呼吸或冥想。)”提到处理压力的方法——深呼吸和冥想，G项“你也可以和别人谈谈你的问题。”进一步列举方法，故选G。 Passage 3 （24-25高一上·福建三明·期末）Taking Care of Yourself to Get Better Grades It is often said that achieving a good grade comes at a price, especially for students. It might take some efforts: take notes in class and study a little every day, 1 Remember your health is important to your performance at school, so eat a balanced diet, get plenty of sleep, and exercise daily. 2 . Your brain needs lots of energy (能量) to stay at excellent performance. Make sure it gets the energy it needs by eating your daily required servings of fruits and vegetables, dairy products, and grains. Breakfast is especially important, so have a cup of yogurt with fruit and nuts before school. Get enough sleep. It’s attractive to stay up all night texting your best friend, but a lack of sleep is terrible for your grades. Try to stick to a normal sleep schedule, go to bed early, and make sure of 8 to 10 hours of sleep per night. 3 . Exercise at least half an hour per day. Physical activity can help to reduce stress, improve concentration, and promote happiness. 4 . If you don’t play a sport or have gym class every day, set aside 30 minutes after school for a walk, jog, or bike ride. These activities can stimulate (激发) creativity. 5 . Hugo liked to walk along the street of Paris at night, thinking up new works. A．Eat a healthy diet. B．Health is better than wealth. C．However, that is not enough. D．It can also help students improve their grades. E．If necessary, you could catch some extra sleep on the weekends. F．If you’re trying to come up with a idea, why not go for a walk? G．Only in this way can you keep energetic and run faster than others. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．E 4．D 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕“照顾好自己以取得更好的成绩”展开，介绍了合理饮食、充足睡眠和每日锻炼等保持健康的方法对学习成绩的重要性。 1．上文“It might take some efforts: take notes in class and study a little every day(可能需要付出一些努力：在课堂上做笔记，每天学习一点)”提到取得好成绩要付出努力的方式。C选项“However, that is not enough.(然而，那是不够的)”与上文构成转折关系，引出下文强调健康对学习成绩也很重要，上下文语意衔接自然。故选C项。 2．下文“Your brain needs lots of energy (能量) to stay at excellent performance. Make sure it gets the energy it needs by eating your daily required servings of fruits and vegetables, dairy products, and grains.(你的大脑需要大量能量来保持卓越的表现。通过摄入每日所需的水果、蔬菜、乳制品和谷物，确保它获得所需的能量)”围绕合理饮食展开。A选项“Eat a healthy diet.(保持健康的饮食)”与下文内容一致，是最佳小标题。故选A项。 3．上文“Try to stick to a normal sleep schedule, go to bed early, and make sure of 8 to 1 hours of sleep per night.(尽量遵循正常的睡眠时间表，早点睡觉，确保每晚有8到1个小时的睡眠)”强调正常睡眠时长。E选项“If necessary, you could catch some extra sleep on the weekends.(如有必要，你可以在周末多睡一会儿)”进一步补充说明，提出在必要时周末可以额外补觉，与本段标题“Get enough sleep (获得足够的睡眠)”相照应。故选E项。 4．上文“Physical activity can help to reduce stress, improve concentration, and promote happiness.(体育活动有助于减轻压力、提高注意力和促进幸福感)”介绍了运动的好处。D选项“It can also help students improve their grades.(它还可以帮助学生提高成绩)”承接上文，进一步说明运动对学生成绩的积极作用，与上文构成并列关系。故选D项。 5．上文“These activities can stimulate (激发) creativity.(这些活动可以激发创造力)”指出运动能激发创造力。F选项“If you’re trying to come up with a idea, why not go for a walk?(如果你正在努力想出一个主意，为什么不去散散步呢?)”与上文呼应，说明散步这种运动方式有助于激发创意，符合语境。故选F项。 Passage 4 （24-25高一上·江苏宿迁·期末）Most people will suffer from memory loss and failure in brain function as they grow older. 1 Here’s the best of what to do for better brain health. Eat like you’re vacationing in Italy. Dr. Carolyn Fredericks, an assistant professor of neurology, always recommends her patients follow a Mediterranean diet, which includes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fish and nuts. She says omega-3s in the fish or the vitamin E in the nuts is not what makes the Mediterranean diet work. 2     Rest up. Lack of sleep is a key factor for memory loss. People who sleep less per night are 30% more likely to be diagnosed with dementia (痴呆) than those who have enough sleep. 3 Try improving your sleep hygiene (卫生) by taking steps like avoiding caffeine in the evening, limiting naps and putting away electronics before bed. 4 Should we put together puzzles or play Sudoku (数独) every day? Actually, rather than focusing on one pursuit, a “diet of intellectual activities” is better. It is compared to asking a nutritionist. what to eat for a healthy diet: the answer wouldn’t be carrots, more carrots, and only carrots. Make it a point to exercise your brain in a variety of ways, just as you feast on lots of different snacks and meals. 5 Simple daily habits mentioned above can help you effortlessly achieve it. And there’s no such thing as “too young” to start. Even if you’re in your 20s or younger, what you’re doing now will help you maintain brain health later in life. A．Challenge your mind. B．Do puzzles to stay active. C．Taking care of your brain health is a no-brainer. D．Luckily, changing our lifestyle habits can go a long way. E．You may lie awake at night counting sheep, at a loss what to do. F．Only a minority of people believe they can take action to help control. G．It is the style of eating and focus on whole foods instead that really matter. 【答案】1．D 2．G 3．E 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是随着年龄增长，人们普遍会遇到记忆力减退和大脑功能下降的问题，但文章指出通过调整生活习惯可以有效改善大脑健康，包括遵循地中海式饮食、保证充足睡眠以及进行多样化的脑力活动等。 1．上文提到“Most people will suffer from memory loss and failure in brain function as they grow older.(大多数人随着年龄的增长会出现记忆力减退和大脑功能下降的情况。)”，指出了随着年龄增长，大脑功能下降是一个普遍问题；D选项“Luckily, changing our lifestyle habits can go a long way.(幸运的是，改变我们的生活习惯会有很大的帮助。)”则提出了一个解决方案，即改变生活习惯可以改善大脑健康，起到了承上启下的作用，既回应了上文的问题，也为下文的具体建议做了铺垫。故选D。 2．上文提到“She says omega-3s in the fish or the vitamin E in the nuts is not what makes the Mediterranean diet work.(她说，鱼中的欧米伽-3或坚果中的维生素E并不是地中海饮食起作用的原因。)”，说明了地中海饮食的好处并非仅仅来源于某些特定的营养成分；G选项“It is the style of eating and focus on whole foods instead that really matter.(真正重要的是饮食方式和注重全食物。)”则进一步解释了地中海饮食的真正核心，即饮食方式和全食物的摄入，与上文形成了补充和解释的关系。故选G。 3．上文提到“Lack of sleep is a key factor for memory loss. People who sleep less per night are 30% more likely to be diagnosed with dementia (痴呆) than those who have enough sleep.(睡眠不足是导致记忆力减退的关键因素。每晚睡眠不足的人比睡眠充足的人被诊断为痴呆的可能性高出30%。)”，指出了睡眠不足对大脑健康的负面影响；E选项“You may lie awake at night counting sheep, at a loss what to do.(你可能会躺在床上数羊，不知所措。)”则形象地描述了失眠者的困境，与上文形成了情境上的衔接，同时也为下文“Try improving your sleep hygiene (卫生) by taking steps like avoiding caffeine in the evening, limiting naps and putting away electronics before bed.( 试着改善你的睡眠卫生，采取一些措施，比如晚上不喝咖啡因，少午睡，睡前把电子产品收起来。)”的建议做了铺垫。故选E。 4．后文“Should we put together puzzles or play Sudoku (数独) every day?(我们应该每天拼拼图或玩数独吗？)”，引出了本段的主题，即脑力活动；A选项“Challenge your mind.(挑战你的大脑。)”则作为本段的中心句，概括了本段的主旨，即通过各种脑力活动来挑战和锻炼大脑。故选A。 5．后文“Simple daily habits mentioned above can help you effortlessly achieve it. (上面提到的简单的日常习惯可以帮助你毫不费力地实现它。)”提出了通过前文所提出的简单的日常习惯就可以毫不费力的改善大脑健康；C选项“Taking care of your brain health is a no-brainer.(照顾你的大脑健康是理所当然的。)”则作为总结句，概括了全文的主旨，即大脑健康非常重要，我们应该通过改变生活习惯和多样化脑力活动来照顾它。同时，“a no-brainer”也暗示了照顾大脑健康是一件简单而必要的事情，同时taking care of your brain与后文的it相呼应。故选C。 话题5 科技与生活 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·期末）Do you know that many teenagers around us like to do volunteer work in their free time? 1 ? They think that it’s a great way to spend time. If you have an interest in volunteering, or if you would like to do something to help others, you will find that volunteering is a good choice (选择). 2 It gives you a chance to meet with new people. And when you volunteer with a willing and open heart, you will get many thanks from others. That helps you to grow and be happy at the same time. Second, volunteering helps you learn. When you volunteer, you get to learn not only from other volunteers, but also from the people you are helping. 3 . Third, volunteering makes a great difference to others, For example, when you volunteer to help disabled people, they feel happier. 4 . Fourth, you can find you might be interested in what you volunteer. For example, if you have an interest in becoming a vet (兽医), working at an animal hospital helps you learn what it is like to work with animals, As you can see, volunteering is good. 5 . A．It's our duty (责任) to love our earth B．It can make the world a better place C．First, volunteering makes you feel good D．Do you think that it is good for these teenagers E．Do you like to do volunteer work with your friends F．When you help at an animal hospital, animals there get care and love G．After all, everyone can learn something from the life experiences of others 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．G 4．F 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了青少年做志愿者工作的好处。 1．上文“Do you know that many teenagers around us like to do volunteer work in their free time?(你知道我们周围的许多青少年喜欢在空闲时间做志愿者工作吗？)”提出青少年做志愿者工作这一话题，下文“They think that it is a great way to spend time.(他们认为这是一种很好的度过时间的方式)”阐述了青少年对做志愿者工作的看法，空处应是关于对青少年做志愿者工作的疑问。D选项“Do you think that it is good for these teenagers(你认为这对这些青少年有好处吗)”承上启下，符合语境。故选D。 2．根据下文“Second, volunteering helps you learn.(第二，做志愿者能帮助你学习)”以及后面的 “Third”“Fourth”可知，此处应是关于做志愿者的第一个好处。C选项“First, volunteering makes you feel good(首先，做志愿者让你感觉良好)”符合语境，“First”与后面的“Second”“Third”“Fourth”构成顺序关系，且下文“It gives you a chance to meet with new people. And when you volunteer with a willing and open heart, you will get many thanks from others. That helps you to grow and be happy at the same time.(它给你一个结识新朋友的机会。当你带着愿意和开放的心态做志愿者时，你会得到别人的很多感谢。这能帮助你成长，同时也能让你快乐)”说明了做志愿者让自己感觉良好的原因。故选 C。 3．上文“When you volunteer, you get to learn not only from other volunteers, but also from the people you are helping.(当你做志愿者时，你不仅可以从其他志愿者那里学习，还可以从你帮助的人那里学习)”提到做志愿者能学习，G选项“After all, everyone can learn something from the life experiences of others(毕竟，每个人都可以从别人的生活经历中学习到一些东西)”进一步说明了从别人那里学习的原因，“learn something from the life experiences of others”与上文“learn not only from other volunteers, but also from the people you are helping”相呼应。故选G。 4．上文“Third, volunteering makes a great difference to others, For example, when you volunteer to help disabled people, they feel happier.(第三，做志愿者对别人有很大的影响，例如，当你自愿帮助残疾人时，他们会感到更快乐)”举例说明了做志愿者对别人的影响，F选项“When you help at an animal hospital, animals there get care and love(当你在动物医院帮忙时，那里的动物得到照顾和关爱)”同样是做志愿者对动物的积极影响，“help at an animal hospital”与上文“volunteer to help disabled people”相对应，都是做志愿者的具体例子。故选F。 5．上文“As you can see, volunteering is good.(如你所见，做志愿者是有益的)”总结了做志愿者有益，B选项“It can make the world a better place(它能让世界变得更美好)”进一步说明了做志愿者的积极影响，“make the world a better place”是对做志愿者好处的升华，符合语境。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·广东广州·期末）We all have times when it feels impossible to look away from our screens, whether we’re swiping our way through dating apps or Pinterest boards or doomscrolling through our news feeds. 1 The Internet even has a name for it: brain rot (脑腐). And brain rot happens so often to so many of us that it just got named the 2024 Oxford word of the year. 2 but the unhealthy amount of screen time it describes can definitely lead to a wide variety of cognitive and emotional problems. Excessive screen time can negatively affect attention, concentration, learning, memory, emotional regulation, and social functioning. Warning signs of brain rot in people of all ages can be similar to what happens in older adults who are developing cognitive impairment (损伤). However, there are some things you can do to prevent it and try to reverse some of its impact. 3 . Screen breaks, time limits, and restrictions for using certain unhealthy apps can be useful. There are lots of apps that can help you track total screen time, and enforce digital detox periods (数字戒毒期) to help you unplug and engage with activities in real life. This is more of a short-term fix, however, and you may need to take a hard look at your daily habits in order to improve your mood and cognitive function once brain rot sets in. 4 . A good suggestion is to replace screen time with other activities like meditation, exercise, reading, joining in-person social groups, learning new skills, playing with animals, engaging with nature. 5 A．Brain rot isn’t an official medical diagnosis (诊断). B．Whatever substitutes, remember to do them regularly. C．Changing digital media habits can improve well-being. D．Brain rot can be caused by the way we use our screens. E．Children and teens are most at risk because their brains are still developing. F．This urge can be so strong that it messes with our focus and our cognitive (认知的) health. G．For real change, one should consider lifestyle changes that are sustainable in the long-term. 【答案】1．F 2．A 3．C 4．G 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“脑腐”现象、危害及预防措施。 1．上文“We all have times when it feels impossible to look away from our screens, whether we’re swiping our way through dating apps or Pinterest boards or doomscrolling through our news feeds.(我们都有这样的时候，感觉无法将目光从屏幕上移开，无论是在滑动约会应用程序、Pinterest 页面，还是在浏览新闻推送时)”讲述了人们难以从屏幕上移开目光的情况。空处承接上文，进一步说明这种情况带来的影响。F项“这种冲动可能非常强烈，以至于会扰乱我们的注意力和认知健康”符合语境，该项中的“This urge”指代上文提到的难以从屏幕上移开目光的冲动。故选F。 2．下文“but the unhealthy amount of screen time it describes can definitely lead to a wide variety of cognitive and emotional problems.(但它所描述的不健康的屏幕使用时间肯定会导致各种各样的认知和情感问题)”说明过度屏幕时间会带来问题。句中 but表转折，说明空处内容与 “不健康的屏幕使用时间会导致问题” 形成转折关系。A 项““脑腐”不是一种官方的医学诊断。”指出“脑腐”不是官方医学诊断，与下文“但它描述的不健康屏幕时间会导致问题”构成转折，符合语境。故选A。 3．上文“However, there are some things you can do to prevent it and try to reverse some of its impact.(然而，你可以做一些事情来预防它，并试图扭转它的一些影响)”提到了预防和扭转“脑腐”影响的一些做法。下文 “Screen breaks, time limits, and restrictions for using certain unhealthy apps can be useful.(屏幕休息时间、时间限制以及对使用某些不健康应用程序的限制可能会很有用)”具体说明了一些改变使用数字媒体习惯的做法。C 项“改变数字媒体使用习惯可以提高幸福感”起到承上启下的作用，说明改变数字媒体习惯能带来好处，符合语境。故选C。 4．上文“This is more of a short-term fix, however, and you may need to take a hard look at your daily habits in order to improve your mood and cognitive function once brain rot sets in.(然而，这更多的是一种短期的解决办法，一旦‘脑腐’出现，你可能需要认真审视自己的日常习惯，以改善你的情绪和认知功能)”指出短期解决办法有局限性，需要审视日常习惯。G项“为了真正的改变，一个人应该考虑长期可持续的生活方式的改变”进一步强调为实现真正改变需要考虑长期可持续的生活方式改变，承接上文，符合语境。故选G。 5．上文“A good suggestion is to replace screen time with other activities like meditation, exercise, reading, joining in-person social groups, learning new skills, playing with animals, engaging with nature.(一个好的建议是用其他活动来代替屏幕时间，比如冥想、锻炼、阅读、参加面对面的社交团体、学习新技能、和动物玩耍、亲近自然)”给出了一些替代屏幕时间的活动。B项“无论是什么替代活动，记得定期去做”对上文进行总结，强调无论选择什么替代活动都要定期进行，符合语境。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25高一上·浙江嘉兴·期末）Why does one plus one equal two? One possible answer is “It just does! ” That’s just like saying “Because I said so! ” 1 It is quite right to feel frustrated (沮丧的) by that idea. 2 However, my love of math is somewhat driven by my love of breaking roles, or at least pushing against them. Both of those reasons play an important role in advancing human understanding, and especially mathematical understanding. 3 Sometimes, one plans one is just one, like if you put a pile (堆) of sand on top of another pile of mind, then you just get one the of sand. Or, as an art student of mine pointed out, if you mix one color with one color, you get one color. 4 If you have enough money on you to buy one cup of coffee, and your friend has enough to buy one, thon together you still might have enough to buy three. Now, you might think that these aren’t really situations in which one plus one equals something else, because they aren’t really addition, or because those aren’t really numbers. You’re welcome to think that, but that’s not what math does. Math instead says: 5 And in doing so, we’ll understand something about the world more deeply than we did before. A．Math isn’t really about getting the right answer. B．Sometimes, one plus one can equal more than two. C．And in some situations, one plus one is actually zero. D．This answer has been frustrating children for generations. E．Let’s work out when one plus one equals two and when it doesn’t. F．Math can feel like a boring world of strict rules you just have to follow. G．Instead of asking why one plus one is two, let’s question if it’s always true. 【答案】1．D 2．F 3．G 4．B 5．E 【导语】本文是议论文。文章通过探讨“一加一为什么等于二”的问题，引出了对数学规则和理解方式的深入思考，质疑了传统观念，并提出了数学不仅仅是遵循严格规则，而是通过探索和理解规则适用的条件来更深入地认识世界。 1．设空位于首段段尾，应承接上文，并引出本文主题，根据前文“Why does one plus one equal two? One possible answer is “It just does! ” That’s just like saying “Because I said so! ” (为什么一加一等于二？一个可能的答案是“它就是这样！”这就像是在说“因为我这么说！”)”可知，D项“This answer has been frustrating children for generations.(这个答案让一代又一代的孩子们感到沮丧)”承接上文，讲述前文的答案让孩子感到沮丧，并引出下文内容“It is quite right to feel frustrated by that idea.(对那个想法感到沮丧是完全正确的)”。故选D项。 2．根据前文“It is quite right to feel frustrated by that idea. (对那个想法感到沮丧是完全正确的)”以及后文“However, my love of math is somewhat driven by my love of breaking roles, or at least pushing against them. Both of those reasons play an important role in advancing human understanding, and especially mathematical understanding.(然而，我对数学的热爱在某种程度上是由于我喜欢打破角色，或者至少是反对角色。这两个原因在促进人类理解，尤其是数学理解方面发挥着重要作用)”可知，F项“Math can feel like a boring world of strict rules you just have to follow. (数学就像一个无聊的世界，你必须遵守严格的规则)”是对前文的解释，并和后文构成转折关系，符合文意。故选F项。 3．设空位于段首，为本段中心句，根据后文“Sometimes, one plans one is just one, like if you put a pile of sand on top of another pile of mind, then you just get one the of sand. Or, as an art student of mine pointed out, if you mix one color with one color, you get one color. (有时候，一个计划只是一个，就像你把一堆沙子放在另一堆思想上，那么你只会得到一堆沙子。或者，正如我的一个艺术学生指出的，如果你把一种颜色和另一种颜色混合，你会得到一种颜色)”可知，本段讲述1+1不一定对，所以G项“Instead of asking why one plus one is two, let’s question if it’s always true. (与其问为什么1加1等于2，不如问它是否总是对的)”符合本段主题，为本段中心句。故选G项。 4．本段主要讲述1+1不一定对，根据后文“If you have enough money on you to buy one cup of coffee, and your friend has enough to buy one, thon together you still might have enough to buy three. (如果你有足够的钱买一杯咖啡，你的朋友也有足够的钱买一杯咖啡，那么你们加起来可能还足够买三杯咖啡)”所以，B项“Sometimes, one plus one can equal more than two. (有时候，一加一可以大于二)”符合本段主题，引出后文。故选B项。 5．根据前文“Now, you might think that these aren’t really situations in which one plus one equals something else, because they aren’t really addition, or because those aren’t really numbers. You’re welcome to think that, but that’s not what math does. Math instead says: (现在，你可能会认为这些不是1加1等于其他数的情况，因为它们不是加法，或者因为它们不是真正的数字。你可以这么想，但这不是数学的作用。而数学说的是)”可知，空处应填数学对1加1的理解，根据前文内容，E项“Let’s work out when one plus one equals two and when it doesn’t. (让我们算算什么时候一加一等于二，什么时候不等于二)”符合数学的理解。故选E项。 Passage 4 （24-25高一上·北京·期末）Confirmation bias is people’s tendency to process information by looking for information that is consistent (一致的) with their existing beliefs. This biased approach to decision making results in a person ignoring information that is inconsistent with their beliefs. One explanation for why people are likely to be affected by confirmation bias is that it is an efficient way to process information. Humans are forever receiving information and cannot possibly take the time to carefully process each piece of information to form an unbiased conclusion. 1 It is adaptive for humans to rely on instinctive behaviours that keep them out of harm’s way. Another reason why people show confirmation bias is to protect their pride. People like to feel good about themselves, and discovering that a belief that they highly value is incorrect makes them feel bad about themselves. 2 Confirmation bias occurs in several contexts. In decision making, once an individual makes a decision, they will look for information that supports it. 3 Therefore, the person will ignore it or give it little consideration. In studies examining my-side bias, people were able to generate and remember more reasons supporting their side of a controversial issue than the opposing side. 4 If people are told what to expect from a person they are about to meet, such as that the person is friendly and outgoing, people will look for information that supports their expectations. For example, if Maria expects her roommate to be outgoing, Maria may ask her if she likes to go to parties rather than asking if she often studies in the library. Confirmation bias is important because it may lead people to give more weight to information that supports their beliefs than what the evidence justifies. However, in reality they have ignored a great deal of evidence contradicting their beliefs. These factors may lead to risky decision making and lead people to overlook warning signs. Actively challenging your beliefs is one of the most effective ways to reduce confirmation bias. For example, if you believe a certain practice is beneficial, seek out reliable sources that criticize it and evaluate their arguments. 5 This involves engaging in conversations with people who hold opposing views or reading materials from unfamiliar perspectives. A．Confirmation bias also operates in impression formation. B．Exposing yourself to diverse viewpoints can help reduce bias. C．Information that conflicts with a person’s decision may cause discomfort. D．Therefore, people will seek information that supports their existing beliefs. E．They need to process information quickly to protect themselves from harm. F．People shouldn’t overlook evidence that leads them to question their beliefs. G．Improving these skills can empower individuals to make more objective judgments. 【答案】1．E 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了什么是确认偏误以及如何改变这种偏差。 1．根据上文“One explanation for why people are likely to be affected by confirmation bias is that it is an efficient way to process information. Humans are forever receiving information and cannot possibly take the time to carefully process each piece of information to form an unbiased conclusion.(人们容易受到确认偏误影响的一个解释是，这是一种处理信息的有效方式。人类永远在接受信息，不可能花时间仔细处理每一条信息，以形成一个公正的结论)”可知，上文提到人类总是在接受信息，且不可能花时间仔细处理每一条信息，本句承接上文，说明人类因此需要快速处理信息。故E选项“他们需要快速处理信息以保护自己免受伤害”符合语境，故选E。 2．根据上文“People like to feel good about themselves, and discovering that a belief that they highly value is incorrect makes them feel bad about themselves.(人们喜欢自我感觉良好，发现他们高度重视的信念是不正确的会让他们对自己感觉不好)”可知，上文提到人们喜欢自我感觉良好，本句为本段最后一句，与上文构成因果关系，指出人类为了让自我感觉良好会采取的行动。故D选项“因此，人们会寻找支持他们现有信念的信息”符合语境，故选D。 3．根据上文“Confirmation bias occurs in several contexts. In decision making, once an individual makes a decision, they will look for information that supports it.(确认偏误发生在几种情况下。在决策过程中，一旦一个人做出了一个决定，他们就会寻找支持这个决定的信息)”以及后文“Therefore, the person will ignore it or give it little consideration.(因此，这个人会忽略它或很少考虑它)”可知，后文提到会忽略或很少考虑某种信息，本句是在说明这种信息的特点，C选项中Information that conflicts with a person’s decision对应后文it。故C选项“与一个人的决定相冲突的信息可能会引起不适”符合语境，故选C。 4．根据后文“If people are told what to expect from a person they are about to meet, such as that the person is friendly and outgoing, people will look for information that supports their expectations. For example, if Maria expects her roommate to be outgoing, Maria may ask her if she likes to go to parties rather than asking if she often studies in the library.(如果人们被告知对即将见面的人有什么期望，比如这个人友好、外向，人们就会寻找支持他们期望的信息。例如，如果玛丽亚期望她的室友是外向的，玛丽亚可能会问她是否喜欢参加聚会，而不是问她是否经常在图书馆学习)”可知，本段的例子说明了因为玛利亚期望室友是外向，所以询问是否参加聚会，体现了个人的期望在印象形成中起到了一定作用。故A选项“确认偏误也在印象形成中起作用”符合语境，故选A。 5．根据上文“Actively challenging your beliefs is one of the most effective ways to reduce confirmation bias. For example, if you believe a certain practice is beneficial, seek out reliable sources that criticize it and evaluate their arguments.(积极挑战你的信念是减少确认偏误的最有效方法之一。例如，如果你认为某种做法是有益的，寻找可靠的来源来批评它并评估他们的论点)”以及后文“This involves engaging in conversations with people who hold opposing views or reading materials from unfamiliar perspectives.(这包括与持相反观点的人进行对话，或者从不熟悉的角度阅读材料)”可知，后文提到了“与持相反观点的人进行对话，或者从不熟悉的角度阅读材料”，这些是获得不同观点的方法，可知本句关于减少偏见的方法是多接触不同的观点。故B选项“让自己接触不同的观点有助于减少偏见”符合语境，故选B。 话题6 环境保护 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·河北保定·期末）People hate packaging. And, yes, there’s a lot of bad and wasteful packaging out there. 1 When it comes to protecting and dispensing (分发) food, the right package can greatly reduce waste. Here are a few examples. Packaging keeps the meat fresh. We throw away a fifth of the beef we buy — the equivalent (等量) of 8 million cows each year — often because it goes bad before we cook it. The solution? 2 Case-ready packaging can lengthen that shelf life to up to 21 days. If the meat you bought isn’t going to be eaten within a few days, case-ready packaging is the better choice for the environment. 3 This dairy waste can be avoided with packaging technology such as Tetra Pak (利乐包装纸盒), which is commonly used in Europe and Asia to keep milk from spoiling, even without refrigeration. Recycled or not, Tetra Pak is a good environmental bet because it can lengthen the shelf life of milk up to nine months. 4 Once again, the environmental benefit of the food-protection technology outweighs the harmful impact of the packaging itself. Packaging Fixes Sticky Situations. 5 One example of waste-reducing packaging is the concept project shown from designer Drew Stanley. He designed a peanut butter jar made of a soft material which can be turned inside out and scraped (刮掉) clean, avoiding sticky food sticking to your fingers. A．Packaging protects milk. B．Using Tetra Pak packaging. C．But packaging isn’t always the enemy. D．We should pay attention to the rubbish produced by packaging. E．Scientists have developed packaging that can keep refrigerated meat fresh for weeks. F．It can reduce the need for refrigeration and the amount of milk that goes wasted. G．Food left behind in jars and bottles makes up a surprising amount of waste. 【答案】1．C 2．E 3．A 4．F 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了正确的包装可以有效减少浪费。 1．空格前的句子“People hate packaging. And, yes, there’s a lot of bad and wasteful packaging out there.(人们讨厌包装。是的，有很多糟糕和浪费的包装。)”说因为浪费，人们讨厌包装。而空格后的句子“When it comes to protecting and dispensing (分发) food, the right package can greatly reduce waste.(在保护和分配食物时，正确的包装可以大大减少浪费。)”又说正确的包装可以大大减少浪费。由此可推知，观点发生了转变，故空处应该填转折句进行过渡。C项“But packaging isn’t always the enemy.(但包装并不总是环境的敌人)”填入空格处，符合文章行文逻辑。故选C项。 2．根据空格前的句子“We throw away a fifth of the beef we buy—the equivalent (等量) of 8 million cows each year—often because it goes bad before we cook it. The solution?(我们扔掉了我们购买的五分之一的牛肉——相当于每年800万头牛——通常是因为它们在我们烹饪之前就变质了。解决方案?)”可知，空格处的句子应该提到防止牛肉变质的解决方案。所以E项“Scientists have developed packaging that can keep refrigerated meat fresh for weeks.(科学家们已经开发出一种可以使冷藏肉类保持数周新鲜的包装。)”填入空格处，符合语境。故选E项。 3．空格处是该部分的主题句。根据下文的内容“This dairy waste can be avoided with packaging technology such as Tetra Pak (利乐包装纸盒), which is commonly used in Europe and Asia to keep milk from spoiling, even without refrigeration. Recycled or not, Tetra Pak is a good environmental bet because it can lengthen the shelf life of milk up to nine months.(使用利乐包等包装技术可以避免这种乳制品浪费。利乐包在欧洲和亚洲通常用于防止牛奶变质，即使没有冷藏。无论回收与否，利乐包都是一个很好的环保选择，因为它可以将牛奶的保质期延长到9个月。)”可知，该部分主要是说利乐包对牛奶的保护作用。所以，A项“Packaging protects milk.(包装保护牛奶。)”填入空格处，可以作为该部分的主题句，符合语境。故填A项。 4．根据空格后的句子“Once again, the environmental benefit of the food-protection technology outweighs the harmful impact of the packaging itself.(再一次，食品保护技术的环境效益超过了包装本身的有害影响。)”可知，空格处的句子应该表明食品保护技术的环境效益超过了包装本身有害影响的事实。所以，F项“It can reduce the need for refrigeration and the amount of milk that goes wasted.(它可以减少对冷藏的需求和浪费的牛奶量。)”填入空格处，符合语境。因为冷藏需要能量，而浪费牛奶也是对环境有害。故选F项。 5．空格后的句子“One example of waste-reducing packaging is the concept project shown from designer Drew Stanley. He designed a peanut butter jar made of a soft material which can be turned inside out and scraped clean, avoiding sticky food sticking to your fingers.(设计师德鲁·斯坦利展示的概念项目就是减少废物包装的一个例子。他设计了一种用柔软材料制成的花生酱罐，可以翻转过来刮干净，避免粘稠的食物粘在手指上。)”提到了设计师Drew Stanley设计了一种新的方式来解决罐装食物的浪费，由此可推知，空格处应与罐装食品造成浪费有关。G项“Food left behind in jars and bottles makes up a surprising amount of waste.(留在罐子和瓶子里的食物造成了惊人的浪费)”填入空格处，符合语境。故选G项。 Passage 2 （23-24高一上·河南新乡·期末）World Water Day Everyone needs water, and every drop is precious. On 22 March, World Water Day draws attention to the essential role of water in our lives. 1    We all need water to stay alive, but about two billion people around the world live without clean water in their homes 2 Many of them live in rural communities or in places where there are wars and conflicts. Meanwhile, climate change is making the little water they have access to less and less. 3 Thousands of children worldwide die every day from diarrhea caused by dirty water. In some countries, people walk many kilometers every day to get water, and sometimes the water isn’t clean. If children spend most of their day walking for water, they can’t go to school. In 1992, the United Nations made a special day for water, and World Water Day has been celebrated on 22 March every year since 1993. On this day, many countries hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water. 4 Some charities organize fundraising events for World Water Day. People do things like sponsored walks, cycles and swims. 5 , where people walk four, eight or 12 kilometers each day in March to see how it feels when they have to walk a long way to get their drinking water. People give them money to do these things, and all this money helps provide clean water to as many people as possible around the world. So, this World Water Day, what will you do? A．We all need to join in some events B．We should drink lots of water to be healthy C．People may get sick from drinking dirty water D．That’s around a quarter of the world’s population E．Other groups organize events like “Walk for Water” F．It also focuses on the difficulty many people have getting clean water G．They try to find solutions to providing everyone in the world with clean water 【答案】1．F 2．D 3．C 4．G 5．E 【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了有关世界水日的一些信息，包括设定的原因，意义等。 1．上文“On 22 March, World Water Day draws attention to the essential role of water in our lives. (3月22日世界水日提请人们注意水在我们生活中的重要作用。)”说明世界水日提醒人们关注水的珍贵，说明设立世界水日的意义，再根据下文“We all need water to stay alive, but about two billion people around the world live without clean water in their homes. (我们都需要水来维持生命，但世界上大约有20亿人的家中没有干净的水。)”，因此推断F项“它还关注许多人获得清洁水的困难”符合语境，说明了世界水日的另一个作用，与上文是并列关系。故选F。 2．上文“We all need water to stay alive, but about two billion people around the world live without clean water in their homes. (我们都需要水来维持生命，但世界上大约有20亿人的家中没有干净的水。)”用数字说明了世界有大量的人不能获得干净的水，D项“这大约是世界人口的四分之一”承接上文，进一步解释上文提到的数字，说明不能获得干净的水的人数众多。故选D。 3．下文“Thousands of children worldwide die every day from diarrhea caused by dirty water. In some countries, people walk many kilometers every day to get water, and sometimes the water isn’t clean. (全世界每天有成千上万的儿童死于由脏水引起的腹泻。在一些国家，人们每天步行许多公里去取水，有时水不干净。)”说明全世界很多儿童死于水不干净，人们取水困难，水有时候还不干净，C项“人们可能会因饮用脏水而生病”符合语境，dirty water呼应下文的dirty water。故选C。 4．上文“On this day, many countries hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water. (在这一天，许多国家都会举办活动，教育人们了解脏水问题。)”说明设定世界水日的意义，G项“他们试图找到为世界上每个人提供清洁水的解决方案”是设定世界水日的另一个目的，符合语境，故选G。 5．下文“where people walk four, eight or 12 kilometers each day in March to see how it feels when they have to walk a long way to get their drinking water. (人们在三月里每天步行4公里、8公里或12公里，看看当他们不得不走很长的路去取饮用水时是什么感觉。)”是where引导的定语从句，结合上文“Some charities organize fundraising events for World Water Day. People do things like sponsored walks, cycles and swims (一些慈善机构为世界水日组织筹款活动。人们参加赞助的散步、骑自行车和游泳等活动)”说明了一些组织组织活动筹集资金，可推断E项“其他团体组织“为水而行”等活动”符合语境，承接上文，下文的where指代events，说明在这些活动中，人们在三月里步行很远去取水，体会取水的辛苦。故选E。 Passage 3 （23-24高一上·浙江衢州·期末）Four Tips for Using Less Plastic(塑料) As we all know, the world has a plastic problem — and it is increasing. Scientists are working to find along-term solution by making plastic more biodegradable(生物可降解的). 1 Quit using plastic bags. 2 People use a trillion plastic bags worldwide every year About 10 percent a reused in the United States alone. That’s almost one bag per American per day. In contrast, the average Danish uses four single-use bags per year. Today, other countries (such as Germany and New Zealand) either make customers pay for plastic bags or have stopped using them completely. 3 Today, around 8 3 billion plastic straws(吸管) pollute the world’s beaches. So when you order a drink, say no to the straw, or bring your own reusable one. In 2018, Seattle became the first major U. S. city to ban plastic straws, and many other cities are set to follow its example. Don’t use plastic bottles. Buy a reusable bottle and fill it with any type of drink you like. Some cities, like Bundanoon in Australia and San Francisco in the U. S., have completely or partially(部分地) started quitting bottled water 4 . Avoid plastic packaging. Buy bar soap instead of liquid soap in plastic containers. Don’t buy fruit or vegetables in plastic packaging. 5 They also want to tax plastic take out containers. A．Don’t use plastic straws. B．Don’t pollute the beaches. C．Instead, take your own reusable shopping bag to the store. D．Therefore, pollution has been largely decreased across the world. E．In the U. K., leaders are calling for supermarkets to have plastic-free areas. F．Globally, however, people still buy nearly a million plastic bottles every minute. G．But in the meantime, here are four things you can do to reduce plastic waste now. 【答案】1．G 2．C 3．A 4．F 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了减少使用塑料的四个技巧。 1．根据上文“As we all know, the world has a plastic problem — and it is increasing. Scientists are working to find along-term solution by making plastic more biodegradable (生物可降解的). (众所周知，世界上存在塑料问题，而且问题还在增加。科学家们正在努力通过使塑料更具生物降解性来寻找长期解决方案。)”可知，空处承上启下，在下文中介绍减少塑料垃圾的方法，与G项“But in the meantime, here are four things you can do to reduce plastic waste now. (但与此同时，你现在可以做以下四件事来减少塑料垃圾。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选G项。 2．根据上文“Quit using plastic bags. (戒掉使用塑料袋。)”可知，下文将讲述使用其他的购物袋，与C项“Instead, take your own reusable shopping bag to the store. (取而代之的是，带上自己的可重复使用的购物袋到商店。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选C项。 3．根据下文“Today, around 8 3 billion plastic straws(吸管) pollute the world’s beaches. (今天，大约有830亿根塑料吸管污染了世界的海滩。)”可知，空处作者是要建议不使用吸管，与A项“Don’t use plastic straws. (不要使用塑料吸管。)”上下文一致，故选A项。 4．根据上文“Don’t use plastic bottles. (不要使用塑料瓶。)”可知，本段与塑料瓶有关，与F项“Globally, however, people still buy nearly a million plastic bottles every minute. (然而，在全球范围内，人们仍然每分钟购买近一百万个塑料瓶。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选F项。 5．根据下文“They also want to tax plastic take out containers. (他们还想对塑料外卖容器征税。)”可知，空处内容与与“They”有关，E项“In the U. K., leaders are calling for supermarkets to have plastic-free areas. (在英国，领导人呼吁超市设立无塑料区。)”上下文一致，leaders与They前后呼应，故选E项。 Passage 4 （23-24高一上·广东江门·期末）Used clothing that you no longer wear can be donated to charities. And clothing with broken zippers or missing buttons can be repaired and worn again. But what do you do when your favorite shirt is too torn to wear or your socks have too many holes? Every year in the UK, 336, 000 tons of unwanted old clothing and shoes are thrown out and sent to landfills (废物填埋场), according to Recycle Now. 1 So, instead of throwing away these old clothes, try one of these eco-friendly ways to give them a second chance. One of the best ways to deal with unwanted clothing is to make it into something completely different. You can use pieces of old cloth as filling for pillows. 2 Another very good way to reuse old textiles (纺织品) made of cotton like T-shirts is to cut the clothing up and use it as cleaning cloths around your home. 3 And they are greener than using microfiber cleaning towels that drop fibers when washed. Besides, animal shelters are always looking for used towels and blankets to keep their animals warm. 4 And while you are throwing away your textiles, remember that shelters could use donations of unopened pet food and things too. 5 Green Life is one of them. For a small fee, Green Life will ship you a bag that can be filled with up to 25 pounds of used clothing and sent to the company for reuse. When the bag is received, the sender receives a small amount of money to be used on the company’s website. Everything Green Life sells is made of recycled fibers. A．You can bring your clothing to Green Life. B．Or you can turn something you like into a doll. C．So you can donate your unwanted clothing to such places. D．Some clothing companies have their own recycling services. E．The cleaning cloths can be washed and reused, unlike paper towels. F．Check to see whether certain items you are throwing out can be donated. G．This leads to greenhouse gases and allows chemicals to get into the soil. 【答案】1．G 2．B 3．E 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了每年在英国有大量的旧衣服和鞋子被扔掉，最后被扔进了垃圾填埋场，对环境造成了污染。文章介绍了一些对于旧衣服和鞋子的环保处理方法。 1．根据上文“Every year in the UK, 336, 000 tons of unwanted old clothing and shoes are thrown out and sent to landfills (废物填埋场), according to Recycle Now. (根据 Recycle Now的数据，英国每年有336，000吨不需要的旧衣服和鞋子被扔掉并送往垃圾填埋场。)”可知，此处说的是这些被扔进垃圾填埋场的旧衣服和鞋子对环境造成了污染，与G项“This leads to greenhouse gases and allows chemicals to get into the soil. (这会导致温室气体，并允许化学物质进入土壤。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选G项。 2．根据上文“You can use pieces of old cloth as filling for pillows. (你可以使用旧布片作为枕头的填充物)”可知，此处是在说旧布的用途，与B项“Or you can turn something you like into a doll. (或者你可以把你喜欢的东西变成一个洋娃娃。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选B项。 3．根据上文“Another very good way to reuse old textiles (纺织品) made of cotton like T-shirts is to cut the clothing up and use it as cleaning cloths around your home. (重复使用T恤等棉质旧纺织品的另一种非常好方法是将衣服剪成薄片，用作家中的清洁布。)”可知，可知，此处是在讲述旧衣服做清洁布的好处，与E项“The cleaning cloths can be washed and reused, unlike paper towels. (与纸巾不同，清洁布可以清洗和重复使用。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选E项。 4．根据上文“Besides, animal shelters are always looking for used towels and blankets to keep their animals warm. (此外，动物收容所一直在寻找用过的毛巾和毯子来保暖动物。)”可知，此处是在讲述旧毛巾和毯子的在动物所中的用处，与C项“So you can donate your unwanted clothing to such places. (所以你可以把你不需要的衣服捐给这些地方。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选C项。 5．根据下文“Green Life is one of them. For a small fee, Green Life will ship you a bag that can be filled with up to 25 pounds of used clothing and sent to the company for reuse. When the bag is received, the sender receives a small amount of money to be used on the company’s website. Everything Green Life sells is made of recycled fibers. (Green Life就是其中之一。只需支付少量费用，Green Life 就会向您运送一个袋子，该袋子最多可以装满 25 磅的旧衣服并送到公司重复使用。收到袋子后，发件人会收到少量钱，可在公司网站上使用。Green Life 销售的所有产品均由再生纤维制成。)”可知，Green Life是一家回收服务公司，与D项“Some clothing companies have their own recycling services. (一些服装公司有自己的回收服务。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选D项。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $