Unit5 Revealing nature Starting out& Understanding ideas课件--2025-2026学年外研版高中英语选择性必修第一册

By Mr. Able 外研版 Book 4 Unit 5 Revealing nature to make known something that was previously secret or unknown What do you expect to encounter in this unit? sTarting out What can you see in this picture? Activity 1 Lead-in The seeds of a dandelion are being carried away like parachutes by the wind. Watch the video and answer the following questions. What seeds are mentioned ? How can they travel ? How can this benefit plants? Activity 2 Watch and answer Seeds can travel great distances by being carried by the _________ , upon the __________, __________ or __________. wind water animals people How can they travel ? Seeds have a __________ chance at life when they are ________away from their parent plant. Growing too _________ to the parent plant means seeds might not get enough _______, ________ and nutrients from the _______. A species is ________ likely to _________ if its members are more ________ spread. better further close sun water soil more survive widely How can this benefit plants? Activity 3 Speaking Can you think of another example of seeds travelling? Listen to the video and fill in the blanks. Activity 4 Listening How Seeds Travel Plants cannot move from place to place,but seeds can. They can travel great distances. They may be carried by the wind or upon the water. They may also be carried by animals or people. Seeds that are carried by the wind often have special shapes. Maple seeds have wings that spin and keep them in the air for longer, allowing them to land in all kinds of places. Depending on the strength of the wind, they can sometimes travel for hundreds of kilometres. Coconuts are carried along by ocean currents. When a coconut falls from a tree onto the beach, the sea picks it up at high tide and carries it away to grow somewhere else. Its hard shell allows it to float on the water for a long time. Another way for seeds to travel is through the digestive systems of animals. Many plants produce fleshy fruits that animals like to eat. The animal receives the nutrients of the fruit, but it does not digest the seed, which is passed out some time later. Of course,animals move,so the seed can easily end up a long way away from the parent plant, especially if the fruit is eaten by a bird. In fact, seeds have a better chance at life when they are further away from their parent plant. Growing too close to the parent plant means seeds might not get enough sun, water and nutrients from the soil. Also, a species is more likely to survive if its members are more widely spread. That's why nature has come up with all sorts of different ways for seeds to travel. How and why seeds travel are just some examples of the wonderful ways in which nature works. Perhaps we can learn something from the natural world by branching out and exploring the various wonders of nature. 脊椎动物 What animals are you interested in? Discuss with your group about the animals you are interested in. Activity 5 Lead-in Komodo dragon /kə'məudəu/ platypus /ˈplætɪpəs/ Nautilus /ˈnɔːtɪləs/ Activity 5 Lead-in What do you know about these animals? 10 Komodo dragon /kə'məudəu/ platypus /ˈplætɪpəs/ Nautilus /ˈnɔːtɪləs/ the largest lizard on Earth may encounter them in Australia and Indonesia inspire the name of a submarine in a sci-fi classic one of the world’s weirdest mammals often considered a “living fossil” date back to about 100,000 years ago Activity 6 Reading Read the text and match the information with them. 11 Komodo dragon（科莫多巨蜥） Komodo dragons were first encountered by Western researchers in 1910. The researchers said the ancestor of the Komodo dragon most likely evolved in Australia and spread westward, reaching the Indonesian island of Flores 900,000 years ago. The Komodo dragon is the largest lizard in the world. It can grow to three metres in length and can weigh about 135 kilograms. Despite its size and weight, it can run for short distances at up to 20 kilometres per hour. Activity 6 Reading Duck-billed platypus（鸭嘴兽） The first scientists to examine a preserved platypus body judged it a fake in the late 18th century. The oldest discovered fossil of the modern platypus dates back to about 100,000 years ago. The duck-billed platypus is a small egg-laying mammal (up to 60cm in length) found only in Eastern Australia including Tasmania. As its name suggests, it has a mouth that looks like a duck’s bill, while its thick fur and flat tail are similar to those of a beaver. Activity 6 Reading Nautilus（鹦鹉螺） Fossil records indicate that the nautilus has survived relatively unchanged for around 500 million years. It is often considered a “living fossil”. As one of the oldest sea animals in the world, the nautilus has hardly changed in about 500 million years, and that is why it is often given the name “living fossil”. Activity 6 Reading What do they have in common? They are __________ animals today. They are all living __________. They all have high ___________ value. They open a window for us to see _________ . They are living proofs to ___________. the past Activity 7 After reading unusual/rare fossils research evolution By Mr. Able 外研版 Book 4 Unit 5 Revealing nature Understanding ideas A Journey of Discovery paramecium  /ˌpærəˈmiːsɪəm/ 草履虫  earthworm /ˈɜːθˌwɜːm/ 蚯蚓 fern /fɜːn/ 蕨类植物 moss /mɒs/ 苔藓类植物 algae /ˈældʒiː/ 藻类植物 angiosperm /ˈændʒɪəˌspɜːm/ 被子植物 gymnosperm /ˈdʒɪmnəʊˌspɜːm/ 裸子植物 jellyfish starfish snail crab fish tortoise bird zebra human frog environmental changes population immigration genetic mutation cultural preferences ... lower forms of life higher forms of life e v o l u t i o n Activity 1 Lead-in 1. What species do you recognise on the evolutionary tree? 2. What factors can cause the process of evolution? Charles Darwin If a friend of yours is curious about evolution, which famous person do you recommend him ? Activity 1 Lead-in Charles Darwin and his Theory of Evolution Charles Darwin (1809 –1882) was an English geologist and naturalist. In his famous book On the Origin of Species, Darwin proposed the theory that organisms (individual life forms) evolve extremely slowly. He stated that the organisms that were better suited to their environment would survive and pass on their favourable characteristics to the next generation, while the less suitable organisms would gradually die out. He called this process “natural selection”. Activity 1 Lead-in 19 Charles Darwin and Theory of Evolution What’s the story behind Darwin’s discovery of Theory of Evolution? Turn to P66 and step on Darwin’s journey of discovery! Task 1. Find the structure of the passage after reading it. Activity 2 Fast reading 21 Para. 7: Para. 2 & 3: Para. 5: Para. 6: A journey of Discovery Para. 1: Para. 4: Activity 2 Fast reading Before--During--After Darwin generated ideas. He collected evidence. Background information of Darwin’s journey He developed his ideas. Darwin published On the Origin of Species, where he explained theory of evolution. Significance of On the Origin of Species and Darwin’s contribution to the world. Task 1. the structure: 22 Darwin’s interest in various living things made him a great naturalist. B. Darwin’s journey on the Beagle inspired his Theory of Evolution. C. Darwin went on a journey to confirm his theory that humans had evolved over time. pun 双关 Task 2. Choose the main idea of the passage and give your reasons. (Ex3) Activity 2 Fast reading He left England on the ship, the Beagle, in 1831. Task 3. What is the genre of the passage? A narrative in time order When the Beagle reached the Galapagos Islands in 1835, Darwin saw a variety of new species, …) … Activity 2 Fast reading 1 The captain of the ship, the Beagle, wanted someone who would “profit by the opportunity of visiting distant countries yet little known”. The person who answered the call was not the captain’s first choice. It was a young man who had left medical school without completing his degree. What’s more, he had recently received a letter from his father predicting that he would be “a disgrace to yourself and all your family”. Despite all this, his adventures on this ship would lead to one of the most important scientific discoveries of all time. Q1. What’s the function of “Despite all this”? Q2. What’s the role of Para. 1 in picturing Darwin’s discovery ? Activity 3 Careful reading “Despite all this” suggests that what to follow is of greater significance than what has been mentioned: the sentence to come is what the author truly wants to emphasize. It sets the background of Darwin’s journey of discovery. 1 The captain of the ship, the Beagle, wanted someone who would “profit by the opportunity of visiting distant countries yet little known”. The person who answered the call was not the captain’s first choice. It was a young man who had left medical school without completing his degree. What’s more, he had recently received a letter from his father predicting that he would be “a disgrace to yourself and all your family”. Despite all this, his adventures on this ship would lead to one of the most important scientific discoveries of all time. Q3. What are the labels on young Darwin? Activity 3 Careful reading In captain’s eyes: left medical school without completing his degree-->have poor academic ability and lack determination and self-discipline --> not the first choice In his father’s eyes: a disgrace to himself and all his family --> little understanding, expectation or recognition from family--> poor family relationship 2 The young man in question, Charles Darwin, was a geologist and naturalist, fascinated by rocks, plants and animals. He left England on the ship, the Beagle, in 1831. The journey gave him the chance to study various living things in their natural environments. After Darwin had spent some time in South America, his room on the ship was crowded with samples of the plants and animals he had collected. As he studied these, he asked himself the question: how did different species come to exist? Q4. What role did the ship Beagle play in Darwin’s journey of discovery? The journey on Beagle gave Darwin the chance to study various living things in their natural environments. Q5. What contribute(s) to Darwin’s asking himself this question? He had always been fascinated by plants and animals. Studying the samples of the plants and animals in South America was the direct contributing factor. Activity 3 Careful reading 3 At that time, people believed that all species had appeared on Earth at the same time, and had not changed since. But Darwin began to think differently. He noticed that some species of animals were very similar to each other. Maybe animals evolved as they adapted to their changing environments? It was just an idea, but enough to inspire Darwin to look for more evidence. Q6. What qualities of Darwin can you conclude from this paragraph？ daring to question instead of following blindly observant innovative thinking and pioneering spirit spirit of scientific exploration Activity 3 Careful reading 4 When the Beagle reached the Galapagos Islands in 1835, Darwin saw a variety of new species, but it was the birds that interested him the most. Darwin noticed that there was a difference between the finches on each of the islands. It seemed their beaks had evolved according to what food was available on that particular island. Q7. What caused Darwin to make his guess? 5 Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved from a common ancestor, which had arrived on the islands a long time before. Over time, it had slowly evolved into many new species. And that was the answer to how new species of plants and animals came to exist: they evolved from earlier ancestors. Q8. Which sentence of previous paragraphs does the underlined sentence echo (呼应)? The last sentence of Para. 2: He asked himself the question: how did different species come to exist? Activity 3 Careful reading 6 It was a completely new idea—a theory of evolution. Darwin explained this theory in his book, On the Origin of Species. It was not published until 1859 and immediately caused a storm. Many people refused to believe that living things, including humans, had evolved from lower forms of life. They were shocked. But Darwin’s scientific studies were so convincing that more and more people started to believe his theory. Q10. Why did Darwin not publish his Theory of Evolution until 1859, about twenty years after his discovery? Q9. What were people’s reactions to Darwin’s theory? Activity 3 Careful reading 7 Today, On the Origin of Species is regarded as one of the most important works ever written. It has changed ideas about life on Earth forever. And it all began with the journey on the Beagle. Q11. What is the significance of On the Origin of Species? Activity 3 Careful reading Number the puzzle pieces in order and complete the blanks. (Ex4) 1 2 3 4 5 Activity 4 After reading 1 various living things in their natural environments and samples of the plants and animals he had collected very similar to each other Number the puzzle pieces in order and complete the blanks. (Ex4) Activity 4 After reading 2 3 come to exist Maybe animals evolved as they adapted to their changing environments? that there was a difference between the finches on each of the islands had evolved according to what food was available on that particular island Number the puzzle pieces in order and complete the blanks. (Ex4) Activity 4 After reading 4 5 slowly evolved into many new species had evolved from a common ancestor, which had arrived on the islands a long time before had evolved from lower forms of life. Number the puzzle pieces in order and complete the blanks. (Ex4) Activity 4 After reading Activity 5 Speaking How do you think the human species will evolve in the future? What have you learnt about the spirit of scientific exploration? How can this spirit help you in your life and studies? Group Discussion --To be continued Charles Darwin was a geologist and naturalist, fascinated by rocks, plants and animals. He left England on the ship, the Beagle, in 1831. The journey gave him the chance 1________ (study) various living things in their natural environments. He noticed that some species of animals were very similar 2___ each other. At that time, people believed that all species had appeared on Earth at the same time, and 3_______________ (change) since. But Darwin began to think differently. When the ship reached the Galapagos Islands in 1835, it 4______ (be) the birds that interested him the most. He suspected that those different 5_______ (finch) had evolved from a common ancestor, 6_______ had arrived on the islands a long time before. It was a 7__________ (complete) new idea — a theory of evolution. Darwin explained this theory in his book, On the Origin of Species. Many people refused to believe that living things, 8_________ (include) humans, had evolved from lower forms of life. But Darwin’s scientific studies were so convincing 9_____ more and more people started to believe his theory. Today, the book is regarded as one of the most important works ever 10_______ (write). to study to had not changed was finches which Activity 6 Revision completely including that written 响应号召 是耻辱 / 丢脸的事 有史以来；一直以来 讨论中的；所说的 / 有疑问；不确定 挤满了 开始存在 Important phrases 种类繁多的；各种各样的 据（……所说）；依照；根据 怀疑某人做某事 引起轰动 和……相似 Activity 6 Revision answer the call be a disgrace to of all time in question be crowded with come to exist a variety of according to suspect sb of doing sth cause a storm be similar to distant adj. 遥远的，久远的；冷淡的，疏远的；远房的，远亲的 a ____________ 久远的记忆 my ___________ 我的远房表亲 distant memory distant cousin ____________ n. 距离；久远; 遥远；疏远 ___________________在远处 ___________________从远处 _________________ (of ... )在/从……远的地方(of后跟具体的距离) ①The picture looks beautiful _____________. 那幅画远看很美。 ②Farther ________________, I could enjoy the view of snowy mountains. 往远处看，我可以欣赏白雪皑皑的群山。 ___________ adv. 遥远地；模糊地 in the distance from a distance at/from a distance at a distance in the distance distantly distance predict vt. 预言；预告；预报 predict+that/wh- 从句... 预言…… ___________________... 据预测/据预报…… _______________ n. 预言，预测 _______________ adj.可预见的，可预料的 _______________ adj.不可预料的 It is predicted that prediction predictable unpredictable disgrace n.丢脸，耻辱 v. 丢脸；使蒙羞 be a disgrace (to sb/sth) 是耻辱，是丢脸的事 in disgrace 为人所不齿；失宠 disgrace oneself 使某人自己丢脸/蒙羞 _______________ adj.不名誉的，可耻的 _______________ n.优雅，高雅=elegance disgraceful grace of all time “有史以来，历史上”，常与形容词最高级连用。 e.g. He is universally recognized as _________________________________. 世界公认他是有史以来最伟大的科学家之一。 拓展：_________ 一直，始终 _________ 及时 _________ 准时 _________ 有时 _________ 曾经 _________ 每次 _________ 立刻，马上 _________ 决不（位于句首时句子用部分倒装） one of the greatest scientists of all time all the time in time on time at times at one time at a time in no time at no time in question 讨论中的；考虑中的 e.g. One post said: "I hope ______________________ are well." 一个帖子说：“我希望我们在谈论着的人会没事。” 拓展： ___________ question 不容置疑 __________________ 毫无疑问，没有问题 __________________ 不可能； 不允许；不值得讨论 the people in question beyond out of question out of the question adapt to 适应，适合 adapt..._____... 使……适应或适合…… adapt..______... 根据……改编或改写 adapt..._____... 改编或改作……之用 ____________ adj. 能适应的，适应性强的 ____________ n. 改编（本），改造；适应 from for adaptable adaptation/adaption to e.g. A giraffe’s long neck is an adaption/adaptation that allows it to reach tall trees for food. adaption is mainly used in the context of biology and natural science, while adaptation is used in a broader sense, including literature, technology, and culture. convincing adj. 令人信服的；有说服力的 __________ vt. 使确信；使信服；说服 convince sb. ______sth./convince sb. that ... 使某人相信某事 convince sb. ________ sth.说服某人做某事 __________ adj. 坚信不疑的，确信的 be convinced _______ sth... 深信不疑；确信；坚信 convince of to do convinced of the Galapagos Islands Lavf58.12.100 Tencent APD MTS x264 0.128.2216+688+32 a17ff54 tMod [8-bit@4:2:0 X86] $