专题04 阅读理解（记叙文）（期末真题汇编，黑吉辽蒙专用）高二英语上学期

专题04 阅读理解（记叙文） 主题01 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·辽宁省·期末） Stephen Hawking was a famous physicist. He was born in 1942. He died at his home on March 14th, 2018 in Cambridge, Britain. As one of the well-known physicists on space and time in the world, Hawking devoted his whole life to discovering the secrets of the universe, and he is called the King of the Universe. Since he was 21 years old, Hawking had been badly ill, but he didn’t give up his hope of living. He went on to study at Cambridge University after graduating from Oxford University. In 1965, he got a doctor’s degree. Then he worked as a professor at Cambridge University. Hawking was known for his work with black holes. He also wrote several popular science books. Although he didn’t live as freely as others, he still felt he was happy and he was thankful to life. When Hawking was invited to China, he made speeches in some famous universities. From Stephen Hawking’s whole life, we learn that no matter how bad life is, we should not lose hope. As he once said, “Life is not fair. You just have to do the best you can in your own situation.” 1．What is Hawking called according to paragraph 2? A．The Father of Clock. B．The Father of Rice. C．The King of Comedy. D．The King of the Universe. 2．When did Hawking get his doctor’s degree? A．In 1942. B．In 1965. C．In 1976. D．In 2018. 3．What was Hawking known for? A．Black holes. B．Empty holes. C．Steam engines. D．Light bulbs. 4．What does Stephen Hawking’s life tell us? A．A good beginning makes a good ending. B．Winners can deal with all the difficulties. C．No matter how bad life is, we should not lose hope. D．An interest in science will give us a lot in the life. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了物理学家Stephen Hawking的个人经历以及成就。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“As one of the well-known physicists on space and time in the world, Hawking devoted his whole life to discovering the secrets of the universe, and he is called the King of the Universe.(作为世界上关于空间和时间最著名的物理学家，Hawking将他的一生致力于发现宇宙的秘密，他被称为宇宙之王。)”可知，Hawking被称为宇宙之王，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“In 1965, he got a doctor’s degree.(在1965年，他获得了博士学位。)”可知，Hawking在1965年获得了博士学位，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Hawking was known for his work with black holes.(Hawking因其对黑洞的研究而闻名。)”可知，Hawking因其对黑洞的研究而闻名，故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“From Stephen Hawking’s whole life, we learn that no matter how bad life is, we should not lose hope.(从Stephen Hawking的一生我们可以知道，无论生活有多糟糕，我们都不应该失去希望。)”可推知，霍金的一生告诉我们，无论生活有多糟糕，我们都不应该失去希望，故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·吉林·期末） The first time my daughter, Maia, realized I was leaving on a trip without her, she was alarmed. Seeing photos of where I was going, she cried and asked why I was going to leave her behind. I tried to explain my work as a travel writer. But as my husband, Evan, pulled her off my leg so I could leave, I wondered if my solo trips would be worth the effort of going without her. A few days later, I returned home and Maia was happy to hear about my trip. She told me I could keep going on trips for work-but we’d compromise(妥协), she’d come with me. One year later, an invitation came to experience the Rocky Mountaineer on a parent-child journey, And as scary as it seemed to take a preschooler on a train, the trip sounded too good to pass up. Dressed in her most beautiful train-riding clothes, four-year-old Maia watched me take notes about the scenery as we chugged along the Fraser River in BC． Wanting to prove her worth as an assistant, she began interviewing the Australian couple sitting beside us. Unable to spell more than a few words, she drew their answers in crayon(蜡笔)。She ended up being such an easy travel companion and we found a special rhythm(节奏) on the road together. When she was six, we flew to the Riviera Maya in Mexico. I was impressed by how cheerfully fearless she was when we swam in cenotes(天然井). But it was on the flight home, when my little kid said it was okay that the airline didn’t seat us together, that I realized how much travel was shaping her. Research says that travel can expand a kid’s world, helping them become more adaptable while developing their creativity and imagination. Seeing those changes in Maia, I am really grateful for that compromise I made with her, 1．What can we learn about the author from the first two paragraphs? A．She enjoyed travelling alone. B．She gave up work for family. C．She travelled a lot with her kid. D．She went on trips for work. 2．What did the author think of the Rocky Mountaineer trip with Maia? A．Enjoyable. B．Annoying. C．Awkward. D．Tiring. 3．What influence did travel have on Maia? A．She grew braver and more independent. B．She became much closer to the writer. C．She made new friends and learned new skills. D．She became more outgoing and cheerful. 4．What is a suitable title for the text? A．The Challenges of Accompanying Kids B．The Joys of Travelling with Children C．The Approaches to Making Travel Comfortable D．The Reflection on Working as a Travel Writer 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者作为一名旅行作家，其工作需要独自出行，这引起了女儿玛娅的不安。起初作者独自旅行，回来后女儿表示愿意妥协，只要能一起出行。通过这些经历认识到旅行对孩子成长有着积极影响，如让孩子变得更勇敢、独立、富有创造力和想象力，她也因此感激与女儿的旅行妥协，强调了亲子旅行带来的孩子成长和亲子关系增进等积极意义。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“I tried to explain my work as a travel writer. (我试图解释我作为一名旅行作家的工作。)”及第二段“A few days later, I returned home and Maia was happy to hear about my trip. She told me I could keep going on trips for work-but we’d compromise(妥协), she’d come with me. (几天后，我回到家，玛娅很高兴听到我的旅行经历。她告诉我我可以继续为了工作去旅行——但我们可以妥协，她会和我一起去。)”可知，作者是因为工作（旅行写作）而旅行，故选D项。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Wanting to prove her worth as an assistant, she began interviewing the Australian couple sitting beside us. Unable to spell more than a few words, she drew their answers in crayon(蜡笔)。She ended up being such an easy travel companion and we found a special rhythm(节奏) on the road together. (为了证明自己作为助手的价值，她开始采访坐在我们旁边的澳大利亚夫妇。由于她拼不出几个单词，便用蜡笔写下他们的答案。最后，她成了一个非常轻松的旅伴，我们在路上找到了一种特殊的节奏。)”可以看出，在这次旅行中女儿表现得很好，是个轻松的旅伴，作者和女儿一起找到了旅行的节奏，所以作者认为这次旅行是愉快的，故选A项。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段中“I was impressed by how cheerfully fearless she was when we swam in cenotes(天然井). But it was on the flight home, when my little kid said it was okay that the airline didn’t seat us together, that I realized how much travel was shaping her. (当我们在天然井游泳时，她是多么开朗无畏，这给我留下了深刻的印象。但在回家的飞机上，当我的孩子说航空公司不让我们坐在一起没关系时，我才意识到旅行对她的影响有多大。)”可知，旅行让女儿变得更加勇敢无畏，并且在航班上的表现也体现出她更加独立，故选A项。 4．主旨大意题。根据第四段中“Wanting to prove her worth as an assistant, she began interviewing the Australian couple sitting beside us. Unable to spell more than a few words, she drew their answers in crayon(蜡笔)。She ended up being such an easy travel companion and we found a special rhythm(节奏) on the road together. (想要证明自己作为助手的价值，她开始采访坐在我们旁边的澳大利亚夫妇。由于她拼不出几个单词，便用蜡笔记录下他们的答案。最后，她成了一个非常轻松的旅伴，我们在路上一起找到了一种特殊的节奏。)”及第五段中“I was impressed by how cheerfully fearless she was when we swam in cenotes(天然井). But it was on the flight home, when my little kid said it was okay that the airline didn’t seat us together, that I realized how much travel was shaping her. (当我们在天然井游泳时，她是多么开朗无畏，这给我留下了深刻的印象。但在回家的飞机上，当我的孩子说航空公司不让我们坐在一起没关系时，我才意识到旅行对她的影响有多大。)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者和女儿一起旅行的经历以及旅行对女儿的积极影响，如女儿在旅行中的成长等，强调了和孩子一起旅行的快乐，B项“The Joys of Travelling with Children (带孩子旅行的乐趣)”最能概括全文，符合文章主旨。故选B项。 主题02 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·黑龙江牡丹江·期末） Aling Nenita is a 56-year-old mother to five children and a farmer in a remote community in the Municipality of Tumauini, located in the province of Isabela. The area has rich agricultural lands, but the farming families still experience hunger and food insecurity. Nenita’s husband is also a farmer. The couple are busy working on their farmland to provide for the needs of their children. Not long ago, a typhoon attacked the area where Nenita lives, which caused heavy flooding that resulted in the massive destruction of farmlands, houses, and crops. Nenita stood there still, her eyes filled with sadness, her voice trailing off (逐渐减弱) as she remembered how she nearly lost everything to the flood. It destroyed the ready-to-harvest crops in Nenita’s little farmland. “It was truly arduous for all of us,” she said. It was challenging for them to start again as they didn’t have spare money for seeds and other basic planting needs. Luckily, the Citizens’ Disaster Response Center (CDRC) responded quickly and provided agricultural support to the affected areas in Isabela, preventing the most at-risk families from further sinking into hunger. When CDRC reached Nenita’s community, she was one of those who received immediate assistance from the organization. You could see the happiness on her face as she lined up at the distribution site. Due to this project, she was given short-cycle vegetable seeds that she planted in her garden. She also received agricultural tools to help her farm more effectively and bags of fertilizers to make her garden fruitful. As Nenita’s family gradually saw their planted seeds starting to grow, hope began to rise again. The agricultural assistance not only ensured a future harvest of enough food but also helped restore their hope in the face of future difficulties. 1．What can we learn about Nenita’s family? A．They work in different fields. B．They want to move to the city. C．They live in a rich neighborhood. D．They struggle to make ends meet. 2．What does the underlined word “arduous” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Strange. B．Tough. C．Important. D．Surprising. 3．How did CDRC support Nenita’s family? A．By raising money for them. B．By offering them food and clothes. C．By providing them with places to stay. D．By giving them seeds and tools to farm. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Hope in the face of a disaster B．Brave mother on the farmland C．Let your hopes shape your future D．An opportunity always lies in a disaster 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了农民Nenita一家在洪灾后濒临绝境，后因CDRC的农业援助重燃希望的故事。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“The couple are busy working on their farmland to provide for the needs of their children. (这对夫妇整日忙于耕作，只为养活膝下的孩子们)”和第三段中“It was challenging for them to start again as they didn’t have spare money for seeds and other basic planting needs. (因缺乏购买种子等基本农资的积蓄，他们重启生产困难重重)”可知，该家庭需拼命劳作，且无积蓄应对灾害，这说明他们勉强维持生计。故选D项。 2．词句猜测题。根据画线词的上文“Nenita stood there still, her eyes filled with sadness, her voice trailing off (逐渐减弱) as she remembered how she nearly lost everything to the flood. It destroyed the ready-to-harvest crops in Nenita’s little farmland. (Nenita呆立原地，眼中噙满悲伤，当她忆起那场洪水几乎卷走一切时，声音渐渐低弱下去。这场灾难摧毁了她小农场上那些本该丰收的庄稼)”可知，庄稼被毁导致Nenita一家的生活陷入困境，画线词意思应该是“艰辛的，困难的”，与Tough“艰苦的”意思一致。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段中“Due to this project, she was given short-cycle vegetable seeds that she planted in her garden. She also received agricultural tools to help her farm more effectively and bags of fertilizers to make her garden fruitful. (得益于该项目，她获得了可在菜园种植的速生蔬菜种子。此外，她还收到了能提升耕作效率的农具，以及能让菜园硕果累累的肥料)”可知，CDRC为Nenita一家提供种子和农具。故选D项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“Not long ago, a typhoon attacked the area where Nenita lives, which caused heavy flooding that resulted in the massive destruction of farmlands, houses, and crops. (不久前，一场台风袭击了Nenita所在的地区，引发严重洪灾，导致大面积农田、房屋和农作物损毁)”和最后一段中“As Nenita’s family gradually saw their planted seeds starting to grow, hope began to rise again. (当Nenita一家看着播下的种子渐渐发芽，希望又重新在心中萌生)”可知，文章主要讲述了农民Nenita一家在洪灾后濒临绝境，后因CDRC的农业援助重燃希望的故事。因此，A项“灾难中的希望”既包含洪水摧毁农田的灾害，又突出CDRC援助带来的希望，最适合作为文章标题。故选A项。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·辽宁·期末） Cooking and eating were such an important part of Eliza Acton’s world that I began to think of her ingredients (原料) almost as characters in some books. I looked through her cookery books, cooking from them regularly and writing lists of the ingredients she used. I often had to cook the dishes, sauces, and cakes to fully understand them. More importantly, I had to eat them very slowly. Food is about many things, particularly if you’re both cooking and eating as Eliza and her assistant were. I had to consider smell, taste, and temperature. I kept a notebook by my side just as Eliza had and wrote down my observations of each ingredient I bought and each dish I cooked. But that was only the first step. I wanted to write a book that made readers feel so hungry that they would be impelled (迫使) to stop frequently in order to visit the fridge. So besides cooking and eating Eliza’s dishes, I had to build a vocabulary to describe them in as exciting and mouth-watering a way as possible. Eventually I settled down to writing, drawing on my experience of cooking, smelling, tasting and reading. Whenever I struggled to describe a particular taste or smell, I would turn to my notebook for help and inspiration. This often made me feel hungry. But I decided that eating as I worked was vital to my research. So I didn’t hold back! But I made myself write a word or two down every time I ate. I’ve since had lots of comments from early readers, saying that reading Miss Eliza’s English Kitchen made them feel very hungry. I take that as ahuge compliment, although most of the credit must go to Eliza Acton for creating recipes so rich in pleasant smell and taste. 1．What do we know about Eliza Acton in paragraph 1? A．She was a character in a food film. B．She created famous food brands. C．She valued nutrition labels of food. D．She dove into many aspects of food. 2．Which of the following can best describe the author’s preparation before writing the novel? A．Half-hearted B．Tough C．Many-sided D．Limited 3．How did the author handle her writing problems? A．She ate the local specials. B．She read familiar diaries. C．She contacted Eliza by email. D．She looked them up in her notebook, 4．What is the best title for the text? A．My Cooking Troubles B．My Rich Experience C．My Inspired Food Writing D．My Respectable Person 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过烹饪和描述Eliza Acton菜谱的过程来创作一本美食书籍的经历。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Cooking and eating were such an important part of Eliza Acton’s world that I began to think of her ingredients (原料) almost as characters in some books. (烹饪和饮食是Eliza Acton的生活中的重要部分，我几乎开始将她的原料想象成书中的角色)”和“Food is about many things, particularly if you’re both cooking and eating as Eliza and her assistant were. (食物涉及很多方面，尤其是当你像伊丽莎和她的助手一样一边做饭一边吃饭时。)”可知，Eliza Acton深入研究了食物的多个方面。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段中“I kept a notebook by my side just as Eliza had and wrote down my observations of each ingredient I bought and each dish I cooked. (我随身带着一个笔记本，就像伊丽莎一样，记下我买的每种食材和做的每道菜的观察笔记)”及“So besides cooking and eating Eliza’s dishes, I had to build a vocabulary to describe them in as exciting and mouth-watering a way as possible. (因此，除了烹饪和品尝伊丽莎的菜肴外，我还必须建立一个词汇库，以尽可能激动人心和引人食欲的方式来描述它们)”可知，作者在写作前的准备是多方面的，涉及烹饪、品尝、记录等。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Whenever I struggled to describe a particular taste or smell, I would turn to my notebook for help and inspiration. (每当我难以描述某种特定的味道或气味时，我就会翻看我的笔记本以寻求帮助和灵感)”可知，作者在遇到写作难题时会查阅自己的笔记来找灵感。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据全文以及第二段中“ I wanted to write a book that made readers feel so hungry that they would be impelled (迫使) to stop frequently in order to visit the fridge. (我想写一本书，使读者感到饥饿，以至于他们会被迫频繁停下来去打开冰箱)”可知，作者通过烹饪、品尝和描写的经历，创作了一本让读者感到饥饿的美食书。C项“我的灵感美食写作”适合做文章标题，故选C。 Passage 3 （23-24高二上·辽宁·期末） Many people around me make a difference to the world on a daily basis — being kind in unexpected ways and sharing the generosity of their lives with others. I, like many of them, volunteer some of my time in order to give back just a little of what I am so blessed to have. I volunteered to go to Guatemala with an eyeglass team from International Relief Teams — an organization I have supported in other ways for many years. Our team went to a small town in Guatemala, San Augustin. We set up our tables and packages of pre-made glasses in the dirty courtyard of a clinic, put up the Snellen chart (an eye chart) on a wall, and began our work. Young and old people came from many of the surrounding towns. Most had never received an eye exam before. They waited for hours patiently in the sun, never complaining. If we could help them out, their thankfulness for a simple pair of glasses was overwhelming. Some only left with eye drops or sunglasses, and even these people expressed their gratitude sincerely. All of them were very generous with blessings and smiles. We heard over and over from people who knew their eyes needed help but they had not gone to a doctor because it was too expensive, or had not got the glasses they needed for the same reason. It’s so easy to overlook how much difference the volunteers’ small actions can make to the lives of people in Guatemala. The glasses in my country are so easily available, but to people in Guatemala, they are not. As those who could give them a hand, we watched their lives change. What a gift sight is — and what a difference being able to see clearly makes! Here, we’d like you to join us and take action to help people in need. And every day, those actions change lives. No action is too small; no action is ever wasted. 1．According to Paragraph 1, the author is probably ________. A．a major host of good deeds B．a sponsor of an eyeglass team C．a generous neighbor in his community D．a supporter of International Relief Teams 2．What do we know about the volunteers in the eyeglass team? A．Their working environment is simple. B．They are medical experts nationwide. C．Their initial preparation is inadequate. D．They have served people in Guatemala for years. 3．Which of the following words can be used to describe most people in Guatemala? A．Kind and helpful. B．Poor but grateful. C．Considerate and patient. D．Knowledgeable but unhealthy. 4．What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A．To urge people to protect their eyes. B．To ask people to volunteer in Guatemala. C．To call on people to do good deeds in daily life. D．To show the difficult life of people in Guatemala. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者志愿加入国际救援小组的眼镜队，团结队友去帮助别人，为世界贡献出自己的一份力量并号召人们在日常生活中也做好事。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“I volunteered to go to Guatemala with an eyeglass team from International Relief Teams-an organization I have supported in other ways for many years.(我自愿和国际救援队的眼镜队一起去危地马拉，多年来我一直以其他方式支持这个组织)”可知，作者是国际救援队的支持者。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“We set up our tables and packages of pre-made glasses in the dirty courtyard of a clinic, put up the Snellen chart (an eye chart) on a wall, and began our work.(我们在一家诊所脏兮兮的院子里摆好桌子和一包事先准备好的眼镜，把斯内伦图（一个视力检查表）挂在墙上，开始工作)”可推断出，眼镜队志愿者的工作环境很简陋。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Some only left with eye drops or sunglasses, and even these people expressed their gratitude sincerely.(有些人只留下了眼药水或太阳镜，甚至这些人也真诚地表达了他们的感激之情)”和“We heard over and over from people who knew their eyes needed help but they had not gone to a doctor because it was too expensive, or had not got the glasses they needed for the same reason.(我们一遍又一遍地从那些知道眼睛需要帮助的人那里听到消息，但他们没有去看医生，因为太贵了，或者因为同样的原因没有得到他们需要的眼镜)”可推断出，Guatemala的人虽贫穷但很感恩。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Here, we’d like you to join us and take action to help people in need.(在这里，我们希望你加入我们，采取行动帮助有需要的人)”可推断出，作者写这篇文章的目的是号召人们在日常生活中做好事。故选C。 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·辽宁省五校联考·期末） A native of Florida, U.S, Hannah Herbst, 17, uses water power to deal with energy poverty. Herbst has risen to fame with the development of BEACON, an ocean energy probe that seeks to offer a stable power source to developing countries by using untapped energy from ocean currents. She told Teen Vogue, “I was really involved in theater and athletics and I’m still really into those things. When I was in the seventh grade, I was put into a summer camp. The minute I got there I realized that I was the only girl in the program. I wanted to quit at that moment. But my dad told me, ‘Just try it.’ I tried it for that day and it changed my life.” “At the camp, we started building the robots, which was something I had never done before but many of the boys had, and I realized it was a platform for problem-solving. We were solving simple tasks like how to push a robot off a platform. Learning from my partners as well as online articles about how to program and build was really interesting to me,” said Herbst. Later that year, she received a letter from her pen pal, Ruth, who lived in Ethiopia, and learned that she was living in energy poverty with minimal access to electricity and medical supplies. “I knew that I wanted to do something to help, so I created BEACON.” she said. The device is made from 90% recycled materials easily found throughout the world, including 2-liter bottles and recycled spoons. It costs $12 to make and can produce enough electricity to power an LED light. Hannah imagines BEACON being used in developing countries to power pumps for fresh water and she is working on polishing it to get it available to people all over the world. 1．What can we know about Hannah Herbst in the second and third paragraphs? A．She just liked to learn how to build robots. B．She wanted to stay here because she is the only girl. C．She learned at least two techniques during the camp. D．She was attracted to the summer camp right from the start. 2．How did Hannah Herbst feel after she received a letter from her pen pal? A．indifferent B．shocked C．light-hearted D．sympathetic 3．What can we learn about BEACON from the article? A．It costs 12 dollars each and still remains to be improved. B．It is recyclable and available to people across the world. C．It has been used in developing countries to power pumps. D．The electricity it generates can be used with many traditional lamps. 4．Which section in the magazine might this passage come from? A．Affairs B．Personage C．Science D．Economics 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了汉娜·赫斯特利用海洋能源解决能源贫困的故事。 1．细节理解题。由文章第三段中““At the camp, we started building the robots, which was something I had never done before but many of the boys had, and I realized it was a platform for problem-solving. We were solving simple tasks like how to push a robot off a platform. Learning from my partners as well as online articles about how to program and build was really interesting to me,” said Herbst. (“在营地，我们开始制作机器人，这是我以前从未做过的事情，但很多男孩都做过，我意识到这是一个解决问题的平台。我们解决了一些简单的任务，比如如何把机器人推下平台。从我的合作伙伴以及在线文章中学习如何编程和构建对我来说真的很有趣，”赫布斯特说)”可知，汉娜·赫斯特在夏令营期间至少学到了两项技能，即编程和机器人制作。故选C。 2．推理判断题。由文章第四段中“Later that year, she received a letter from her pen pal, Ruth, who lived in Ethiopia, and learned that she was living in energy poverty with minimal access to electricity and medical supplies. “I knew that I wanted to do something to help, so I created BEACON.” she said. (那年晚些时候，她收到了住在埃塞俄比亚的笔友露丝的来信，得知她生活在能源匮乏的环境中，几乎没有电力和医疗用品。“我知道我想做点什么来帮助他们，所以我创建了BEACON。”她说)”可知，汉娜·赫斯特在收到笔友的来信后，了解到笔友生活在能源匮乏的环境中，这让她感到同情，并决定制作BEACON来帮助解决这个问题。故选D。 3．细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“The device is made from 90% recycled materials easily found throughout the world, including 2-liter bottles and recycled spoons. It costs $12 to make and can produce enough electricity to power an LED light. Hannah imagines BEACON being used in developing countries to power pumps for fresh water and she is working on polishing it to get it available to people all over the world. (该装置由90%的回收材料制成，这些材料在世界各地都很容易找到，包括2升的瓶子和回收的勺子。它的制造成本为12美元，并能产生足够的电力来驱动一盏LED灯。汉娜设想，BEACON可以在发展中国家用于为淡水泵提供动力，她正在对其进行改进，以便让全世界的人都能使用它)”可知，BEACON是由90%的回收材料制成的，每个造价12美元，仍需改进，且汉娜希望它能被用于发展中国家为淡水泵提供动力。故选A。 4．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“A native of Florida, U.S, Hannah Herbst, 17, uses water power to deal with energy poverty. Herbst has risen to fame with the development of BEACON, an ocean energy probe that seeks to offer a stable power source to developing countries by using untapped energy from ocean currents. (17岁的汉娜·赫布斯特（Hannah Herbst）是美国佛罗里达州人，她利用水力来解决能源短缺问题。赫布斯特因开发BEACON而声名鹊起。BEACON是一种海洋能源探测器，旨在利用洋流中未开发的能源，为发展中国家提供稳定的能源)”可知，文章主要讲述了汉娜·赫斯特利用海洋能源解决能源贫困的故事，因此这篇文章可能来自杂志的“人物”版块。故选B。 主题01 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·黑龙江·期末） My wife Gillian and I started convincing ourselves to buy the farm as soon as we got in the car. Over the years we have become experts in talking ourselves into things that normal people would think crazy, both of us having developed a deep knowledge of each other’s craziest buttons, and how best to push them. Gillian and I are very different in many ways, but we both have the ability to drop everything and take a chance. Unfortunately, we also have the ability to view buying a poor farm as an opportunity. The main block was financial. We simply couldn’t afford the $350, 000 asking price. It took us a couple of days to think our way around this obstacle. We eventually came up with a strategy: we would put in a lowball (低报价) offer and we would move to the farm. That would allow us to rent out our apartment in Toronto, freeing up cash to make mortgage payments (按揭贷款) on the farm. But I didn’t think the owner would accept less than his asking price. We wrote up the offer, convinced the owner would say no. A few days later, I was walking to the office, and had almost completely forgotten about our stupid attempt to buy a farm. My phone rang. It was Gillian. “We got it,” she said. I stopped in the middle of the street, speechless. As I went home that night, I started to feel that moving to the farm was meant to be. I had recently found myself looking around at the people sitting silently on the subway or walking hurriedly in and-out of the office and asking myself, “What’s the point?” I realized that the times I was the most happy were the times when I was not sitting at a desk, when I was outside the city. It didn’t matter where I was; I loved to get dirty, to do things. But I had come to suppress (抑制) that side of me. Finally I changed my view and decided to leave the city and move to the farm. 1．What do Gillian and the author have in common? A．They are skillful at farming. B．They are creative in their work. C．They make unconventional decisions. D．They have the same educational background. 2．What does the underlined word “obstacle” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．Challenge. B．Method. C．Mistake. D．Failure. 3．How did the author react to Gillian’s phone call? A．He paid no attention. B．He tried to find a way out. C．He was shocked by the news. D．He chose to contact the owner. 4．What lesson can be learned from the story? A．He who makes no mistakes makes nothing. B．One cannot succeed without time and practice. C．Luck, talent and family, help to achieve success. D．Find the courage to follow your own path in life. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者和妻子吉莉安决定购买一个农场，虽面临资金问题，但仍尝试低报价购买，没想到竟成功了，作者也意识到自己内心向往农场生活，最终决定搬离城市前往农场。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Over the years we have become experts in talking ourselves into things that normal people would think crazy, both of us having developed a deep knowledge of each other’s craziest buttons, and how best to push them. Gillian and I are very different in many ways, but we both have the ability to drop everything and take a chance. (多年来，我们已经成为说服自己去做正常人会认为疯狂的事情的专家，我们俩都对彼此最疯狂的按钮以及如何最好地按下它们有了深入的了解。吉莉安和我在很多方面都很不一样，但我们都有能力放下一切，抓住机会。)”可知，吉莉安和作者都擅长了解对方最疯狂的想法，并且能够立即行动，抓住机会。这表明他们共同的特点是能够做出非常规的决定。故选C项。 2．词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“The main block was financial. We simply couldn’t afford the $350, 000 asking price. (主要障碍是金融。我们根本负担不起35万美元的要价。)”可知，作者和妻子遇到的主要困难是资金短缺问题， 他们没有足够的资金购买农场。再根据第二段中“obstacle”所在的句子“It took us a couple of days to think our way around (我们花了几天时间才想办法绕过)可知，“obstacle”指代的就是前面提到的资金方面的困难，也就是一种 “挑战 (Challenge)”。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“We wrote up the offer, convinced the owner would say no. (我们写下了报价，确信农场主会拒绝。)”和第三段中的“My phone rang. It was Gillian. “We got it,” she said. I stopped in the middle of the street, speechless. (我的电话响了。是吉莉安。“我们得到了，”她说。我在街中央停了下来，说不出话来。)”可知, 作者本以为农场主不会降价, 但没想到最终竟然谈成了，作者被这个消息震惊到了。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“It didn’t matter where I was; I loved to get dirty, to do things. But I had come to suppress (抑制) that side of me.Finally I changed my view and decided to leave the city and move to the farm. (我在哪里并不重要；我喜欢弄脏东西，做事情。但我一直在压抑自己的那一面。最后，我改变了看法，决定离开城市搬到农场。)”可知，作者最终追随自己的梦想、听从自己的内心， 勇敢做出了决定，开启了自己向往已久的农村生活。因此，从故事中我们可以学到的教训是“Find the courage to follow your own path in life. (鼓起勇气，走自己的人生道路。)”。故选D项。 Passage 2 （23-24高二上·黑龙江·期末） I sold one of my cars and switched to an e-bike one year ago. I knew that I was doing something good for the planet. But I still viewed giving up my car as something reserved for the deeply committed and adventurous, something that Greenpeace volunteers did to make the world better. However, I live in Colorado; e-bike would mean freezing in the winter and sweating in the summer. It was the right thing to do, I thought, but it was not going to be fun. I was very wrong. Before selling my car, I worried most about riding in the cold winter months. But I quickly learned that, as the saying goes, there is no bad weather, only bad clothes. I wear gloves, warm socks and a ski jacket when I ride, and I am almost never too cold. Though I, like many would-be cyclists, was worried about arriving at the office sweaty in hotter months, the e-bike solved my problem. Even when there was 35 degrees Celsius outside, I didn’t sweat, thanks to my bike’s pedal-assist mode (脚踏辅助模式). If I am honest, sometimes I didn’t even pedal; I just switched to pedal-assist mode, sat back and enjoyed my ride. But biking to work wasn’t just not unpleasant — it was entirely enjoyable. One day, shortly after selling our car, I hopped on (跳上) my bike after a stressful day at work and rode home down a street edged with changing fall leaves. I felt more connected to the physical environment around me than I had when I’d traveled the same route surrounded by metal and glass. I have to say, this sensation made me happier and healthier. Of course, e-bikes aren’t going to replace every car on every trip. In a country where uncontrolled stretching of suburbs and malls and unprotected bike paths are the norm, it’s unrealistic to expect e-bikes to replace cars in the way that the Model T (福特公司第一款大规模生产的汽车) replaced horses. But as an individual, making short trips on an e-bike would save money, cut carbon footprints, and improve health and well-being. 1．What did the author originally think of letting go of his car? A．A healthy move. B．A difficult choice. C．A call of duty. D．A crowd-driven decision. 2．How did the author feel about the actual experience of riding to work? A．Confused. B．Embarrassed. C．Anxious. D．Amazed. 3．What does the underlined part “this sensation” in paragraph 4 refer to? A．Interest in exploring new routes. B．Desire to head home faster. C．Relief from work pressure. D．Love for exposure to nature. 4．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．E-bike will replace cars very soon. B．Cyclists should do more to protect themselves. C．Cities need a more inclusive transport network. D．The Model T will be back quickly. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从汽车换到电动自行车后的积极体验，强调了这种转变不仅环保，还能带来快乐和健康益处。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“I sold one of my cars and switched to an e-bike one year ago. I knew that I was doing something good for the planet. But I still viewed giving up my car as something reserved for the deeply committed and adventurous, something that Greenpeace volunteers did to make the world better. However, I live in Colorado; e-bike would mean freezing in the winter and sweating in the summer. It was the right thing to do, I thought, but it was not going to be fun. (一年前，我卖掉了一辆汽车，换上了一辆电动自行车。我知道我在为地球做些好事。但我仍然认为，放弃我的汽车是那些献身精神和冒险精神的人的事情，是绿色和平组织的志愿者为了让世界变得更美好而做的事情。然而，我住在科罗拉多州；骑电动自行车意味着冬天挨冻，夏天大汗淋漓。我想，这样做是对的，但这不会很有趣)”可知，科罗拉多州的气候不适合骑电动自行车，会让人受累。由此可知，作者原本认为放弃他的汽车是一个艰难的选择。故选B项。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段中“I wear gloves, warm socks and a ski jacket when I ride, and I am almost never too cold. (我骑车时戴手套，穿暖和的袜子和滑雪服，所以我几乎从不觉得太冷)”、第三段中“Though I, like many would-be cyclists, was worried about arriving at the office sweaty in hotter months, the e-bike solved my problem. (虽然我和许多想骑自行车的人一样，担心在炎热的月份上班时汗流浃背，但电动自行车解决了我的问题)”和第四段中“But biking to work wasn’t just not unpleasant — it was entirely enjoyable. (但是骑自行车上班不仅没有不愉快，而且完全是一种享受)”可知，作者原本担心的受冻、流汗的问题几乎不存在，相反，骑自行车还带来了享受。由此可知，作者对骑车上班的实际经历感到惊叹。故选D项。 3．词句猜测题。根据画线部分的上文“I felt more connected to the physical environment around me than I had when I’d traveled the same route surrounded by metal and glass. (我感觉自己与周围的自然环境更紧密地联系在一起，而不是走在被金属和玻璃包围的同一条路线上)”可推知，“这种感觉”指的是前面描述的对接触自然的喜爱。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“In a country where uncontrolled stretching of suburbs and malls and unprotected bike paths are the norm, it’s unrealistic to expect e-bikes to replace cars in the way that the Model T. (福特公司第一款大规模生产的汽车) replaced horses. (在一个郊区和购物中心不受控制的延伸以及不受保护的自行车道成为常态的国家，期望电动自行车像福特的Model T车取代马匹那样取代汽车是不现实的)”可知，当前的城市交通情况很不利于电动自行车的发展。由此推知，城市需要一个更具包容性的交通网络。故选C项。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·内蒙古·期末） “Every life is a boat, the dream is the boat sail.” Every child has a dream of what they want to be. When Renee Butts was little, her dream was to become a volunteer fire fighter because her father was one. Sadly, when she was 14, her beloved father died and she was never able to do volunteer work with him. However, Renee’s story didn’t end there. She was determined and never gave up, which makes for a good firefighter. Now Renee is a member of the Carmel Fire Department, where she is required to be an Emergency Medical Technician. She should also be ready to deal with any emergency, like fighting a fire, dealing with a car accident or helping someone who’s sick. Sometimes she is in the driver’s seat or using the water pump. Renee works nine to eleven days a month on 24-hour shifts. She also has a family to care for, as her husband is also a busy fire fighter. Dealing with housework and working so much can show her great determination. When I asked Renee what the best part of her job was, she replied, “Helping people and saving lives.” I think that shows signs of being a true hero. She’s always willing to do anything for anyone in need. Renee says that her job is frightening at times, but extremely exciting. “The worst part of my job is that I see death. Actually, sometimes people die in the accident, for which I am very sorry.” With 140 people in her station, Renee is one of the only three women, but that doesn’t bother her. She says everyone can get a fair shot and do the same jobs. I was inspired by this because I knew I would be very scared to do her job and didn’t know if I could handle seeing people die. We would never live without people like her who have the courage to risk their lives. Renee’s determination rubs off on me and makes me believe that I can do anything. 1．What happened to Renee when she was fourteen? A．She got lost in a boat sailing. B．She dropped out of school. C．Her father passed away. D．Her dream to be a firefighter came true. 2．Why does the author believe Renee Butts is a true hero? A．She always tries her best to help anyone in need. B．She is one of the only three women in her station. C．She has been a firefighter for a long time. D．She feels sorry for the people dying in the accident. 3．How does Renee think of her job? A．Simple and pleasant. B．Frightening but exciting. C．Relaxing and comfortable. D．Challenging but promising. 4．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．Renee’s story is an inspiration to the author. B．The author feels very scared to do Renee’s job. C．The author could handle seeing people die. D．Renee encourages the author to risk the life. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了卡梅尔消防局的一名紧急医疗技术员蕾妮的故事，她的决心、无私和乐观的态度感染着作者，帮助作者相信自己。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Sadly, when she was 14, her beloved father died and she was never able to do volunteer work with him.(悲伤的是，当她14岁的时候，她挚爱的父亲去世了，她不能和他一起做志愿者工作了)”可知，蕾妮的爸爸去世了。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“When I asked Renee what the best part of her job was, she replied, “Helping people and saving lives.” I think that shows signs of being a true hero.(当我问蕾妮她工作中最棒的部分是什么时，她回答说:“帮助别人，拯救生命。”我认为这是一个真正英雄的表现)”可知，作者认为蕾妮是一个真正的英雄是因为她愿意为任何有需要的人付出一切。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Renee says that her job is frightening at times, but extremely exciting.(蕾妮说，她的工作有时令人害怕，但又非常令人兴奋)”可知，蕾妮认为她的工作既令人害怕，又令人兴奋。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“I was inspired by this because I knew I would be very scared to do her job and didn’t know if I could handle seeing people die. We would never live without people like her who have the courage to risk their lives. Renee’s determination rubs off on me and makes me believe that I can do anything.(我受到了鼓舞，因为我知道我会非常害怕做她的工作，也不知道我是否能忍受看到人们死去。我们的生活中不会没有像她这样敢于冒生命危险的人。蕾妮的决心影响了我，让我相信我能做任何事)”可知，本段主要讲述的是Renee的故事对作者的启发和鼓舞。故选A。 主题02 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·内蒙古赤峰·期末） The message is drummed into us from childhood: forgive people who’ve wronged you, because it’s the right thing to do. Forgiveness is a virtue, we’ re told, the only way for us to truly move on and heal. But forgiving someone is not always what’s best for us. In fact, if someone has hurt you deeply and the relationship isn’t healthy, trying to “fix” things can do more harm than good. Most of us would probably agree that forgiving a wrongdoer means letting go of negative feelings like anger towards them. Actually it pressures us to minimize our feelings and revise our boundaries — to say “it’s OK” when for us, it isn’t. And when someone doesn’t make us feel seen or safe, forgiving them can actually weaken our self-respect. A 2010 research paper published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology called this “the doormat effect”. It found that people who forgave partners that didn’t make them feel valued had less respect for themselves, along with a weakened sense of self. If you keep on forgiving someone who’s done wrong, it can encourage that person to keep hurting you. That’s what 2011 research by psychology professor James K McNulty argues. He looked at how 72 newlywed couples expressed forgiveness towards acts of aggression(攻击性), and whether this caused any changes in the wrongdoer’s behaviour. He found that when a partner was more likely to forgive those acts, the aggressor was more likely to keep committing them. This is because facing the consequences of their actions is what motivates people to change their ways, and being offered a clean sheet can allow them to avoid making changes. Forgiving frequent and major offenses (冒犯), like verbal or physical abuse, can do more harm than good. What if we didn’t see forgiveness as a quick fix, like a magic medicine, and instead, we tried to just accept what’s happened as it is. By doing this, we can concentrate on understanding what really went down and deal with it in our own way, without feeling like we owe anything to the person who hurt us. It won’t be easy, for sure, but at least it’s all about us and what we need to heal. 1．What will happen if we forgive a wrongdoer according to “the doormat effect”? A．We’ll be free from negative thoughts. B．The relationship will be strengthened. C．The wrongdoer will change his behavior. D．We’ll have less self-respect and self-awareness. 2．How does the writer mainly illustrate his argument? A．By making comparisons. B．By listing examples. C．By citing research results. D．By giving definitions. 3．What can be concluded from James K McNulty’s research? A．Forgiving a wrongdoer’s behavior stops him from hurting others. B．Facing the consequences of aggression does more harm than good. C．Ignoring major offenses encourages a wrongdoer’s acts of aggression. D．Forgiving frequent aggression prevents a wrongdoer from making changes. 4．What does the writer suggest readers do? A．Forgive and forget. B．Learn to take the situation as it is. C．Center on yourself. D．Keep on good terms with offenders. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Bista是如何让一个基本废弃的科学实验室维持运转的。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Here on the side of Mount Everest, Kaji Bista has spent a decade keeping a lonely watch over a largely abandoned (放弃) scientific laboratory, expecting the world’s highest research station to once again come to life.(在珠穆朗玛峰的一侧，Kaji Bista花了十年的时间独自看守着一个基本废弃的科学实验室，期待着这个世界上最高的研究站再次焕发生机)”可知，这个研究站基本被废弃了，说明它最近没有被重视。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“Bista began working at the station in 2006. He states that it was originally established to settle a disagreement between Italian and U. S. mountaineers over whether Everest or K2 was the world’s tallest.(Bista 2006年开始在研究站工作。他说，它最初是为了解决意大利和美国登山家之间关于珠穆朗玛峰和乔戈里峰哪个是世界上最高的分歧而建立的)”可知，这个研究站最初是为了地理调查而建立的。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。根据第一段“Here on the side of Mount Everest, Kaji Bista has spent a decade keeping a lonely watch over a largely abandoned (放弃) scientific laboratory, expecting the world’s highest research station to once again come to life.(在珠穆朗玛峰的一侧，Kaji Bista花了十年的时间独自看守着一个基本废弃的科学实验室，期待着这个世界上最高的研究站再次焕发生机)”和第二段的句子““My emotional attachment to the lab … keeps me going,” he said.(我对实验室的情感依恋……让我坚持下去，”他说)”可以看出Bista对实验室的忠诚与坚守。根据最后一段的句子“Yet, Bista hasn’t lost hope. “This laboratory will soon be restored,” he said. “This is my belief.”(然而，Bista并没有失去希望。“这个实验室很快就会恢复，”他说。“这是我的信念。”)”可知，Bista很乐观。故选C项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是第一段“Here on the side of Mount Everest, Kaji Bista has spent a decade keeping a lonely watch over a largely abandoned (放弃) scientific laboratory, expecting the world’s highest research station to once again come to life.(在珠穆朗玛峰的一侧，Kaji Bista花了十年的时间独自看守着一个基本废弃的科学实验室，期待着这个世界上最高的研究站再次焕发生机)”和最后一段“Bista does his best to repair those aging instruments. “When I face any problem, I turn to experts in Italy and then act accordingly,” he said. But sometimes it can take months for spare parts to arrive. “I am helpless in this case,” he said. Yet, Bista hasn’t lost hope. “This laboratory will soon be restored,” he said. “This is my belief.”(Bista尽力修理那些老化的仪器。“当我遇到任何问题时，我会求助于意大利的专家，然后采取相应的行动，”他说。但有时备件可能需要几个月的时间才能到达。“在这种情况下，我无能为力，”他说。然而，Bista并没有失去希望。“这个实验室很快就会恢复，”他说。“这是我的信念。”)”可知，本文主要讲述了Bista是如何让一个基本废弃的科学实验室维持运转的。所以，D项“A lone caretaker struggles to keep a lab alive.(一个孤独的管理员努力维持实验室的生存)”可以概况本文的主要内容。故选D项。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·辽宁·期末） In a community centre in Kenya’s Laikipia county, Juliana Loshiro stands before her pupils. They listen and repeat simple words and greetings in Yaakunte (also called Yaaku), the language of their community. Though it might seem strange that even older people cannot speak the language, one of the pupils stands up and explains why he is in the class: his grandparents died before they could teach him Yaakunte, he says, and his mother, a Maasai, did not know the language. “So we got lost.” Loshiro teaches about 300 students twice a week. But the lessons are about more than just saving a language, they are about preserving the Yaakunte culture too. The Mukogodo Forest, one of the largest in East Africa, is the traditional home of the Yaaku. Originally hunter-gatherers, they looked after the 74,000-acre forest, using it for hunting, rituals (宗教仪式) and to collect plants and honey. Loshiro believes that by saving the language she is also safeguarding the knowledge the language holds about the wildlife of the forest, empowering future Yaaku to protect it. Every week, she takes her students to the forest to plant trees such as wild olive or cedar. So far they have planted 10,000 seedlings and distributed 50,000 seedballs. They then tag trees with labels that have words in Yaakunte. “As the trees grow,” she says, “the language grows.” Changes in the 20th century pushed Yaakunte to the edge of extinction. The Yaaku lived alongside the Maasai, a pastoral (田园生活) community who looked down on the hunter - gatherers for not having livestock. When Yaaku girls began marrying their neighbouring pastoralists, and parents received livestock as bride-wealth, Yaaku fathers began to demand cattle rather than just beehives as had been the Yaaku custom. The temptation (诱惑) to identify with pastoralists was stronger and the Yaaku gradually assimilated into the Maasai, and gave up their language for Maasai. Loshiro is working on other ways to preserve Yaakunte, including building a website and app to digitize the language and make learning easier. She hopes her pupils will be fluent in Yaakunte after five years of classes and — apart from language — know their culture. 1．What can be learned from the first paragraph? A．Yaaku kids are poorly educated. B．The Yaaku population is aging fast. C．Yaakunte is in danger of extinction. D．The Yaaku community remains uncontacted. 2．Why does Loshiro plant trees in the forest with her students? A．To get them close to nature. B．To give their culture a future. C．To cultivate their hands-on abilities. D．To experience their ancestors’ hardships. 3．What does the underlined words “assimilated into” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Won over. B．Turned against. C．Became part of. D．Lost control of. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Growing a word forest B．Changing old customs C．Rescuing a lost community D．Preserving local landscapes 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了肯尼亚Laikipia县的一个社区中心里，Juliana Loshiro老师致力于教授Yaakunte(也称Yaaku)语言和文化，以拯救这种濒临灭绝的语言，并通过种植树木等方式来传承和保护Yaaku文化的故事。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Though it might seem strange  that even older people cannot speak the language, one of the pupils  stands up and explains why he is in the class: his grandparents died  before they could teach him Yaakunte, he says, and his mother, a Maasai,  did not know the language. “So we got lost.”(虽然老年人都不会说这种语言似乎有些奇怪，但其中一名学生站起来解释了他为什么在这门课上：他的祖父母在教他雅昆特语之前就去世了，他说，他的母亲是马赛人，不懂这种语言。“所以我们迷路了。”)”可知，Yaakunte这种语言语言正面临严重的传承问题，老年人甚至都不会说，说明这种语言正处于濒危状态。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Loshiro believes that by saving the language she is also safeguarding the knowledge the language holds about the wildlife of the forest, empowering future Yaaku to protect it.(Loshiro相信，通过拯救这种语言，她也在保护这种语言所承载的关于森林野生动物的知识，从而赋予未来的Yaaku人保护它的能力)”可知，Loshiro带领学生种树不仅是为了种树本身，更是为了通过实际行动来传承和保护Yaaku文化，特别是与森林相关的知识。由此推知，她带领学生种树是为了给他们的文化一个未来。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据上文“The temptation (诱惑) to identify with pastoralists was stronger(与牧民认同的诱惑更强烈)”和下文“gave up their language for Maasai.(放弃了他们的语言而使用Maasai语)”可知，Yaaku人逐渐融入了Maasai人，并放弃了他们的语言而使用Maasai语。由此可推知，“assimilated into”的意思是“成为……的一部分”，即Yaaku人逐渐融入了Maasai社群。因此，选项C“Became part of成为……的一部分”是正确的。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了Loshiro老师如何通过教授语言和种植树木等方式来拯救和保护Yaaku文化的故事。整个故事围绕“语言”和“文化”的拯救与传承展开。选项A“种植一个词汇的森林”既形象地表达了Loshiro老师通过种植树木来传承语言文化的行为，又隐喻了语言的“生长”和文化的“繁荣”。因此，选项A是最适合作为文章标题的。故选A。 Passage 3 （23-24高二上·黑龙江·期末） The rolled-up painting of a female figure was discovered in a pile of rubbish that a junk dealer was hired to throw away in the early 1960s, and it hung in the family living room and then restaurant in Pompei, near Naples, for years until his son decided to investigate. The junk dealer’s son Andrea Lo Russo said that his first inkling of the painting’s origin came when he saw a Picasso in a middle school textbook, but neither his teacher nor his father was persuaded. His curiosity continued, and in his early 20s, Lo Russo drove to Paris and brought the painting to the Picasso Museum. “They looked, and they said, ‘It is not possible,’” Lo Russo recalled. He turned down their invitation to leave the painting for further examination, not wanting to give it up. After decades of trying to determine the painting’s origin, Lo Russo believed that a recent battery of tests carried out by the Swiss-based Arcadia Foundation finally offered proof that it’s the work of Picasso. “We include lab tests that show the paints used are consistent with Picasso’s color palette during the period,” said Luca Marcante, a trained chemist who founded the Arcadia Foundation in 2000 to investigate the origin of artworks. “Most recently, a handwriting expert authenticated (证实) the signature on the upper left-hand corner as that of Picasso.” The only group that can authenticate the painting is the Picasso Administration in Paris. It hasn’t responded to a series of requests over the years. Marcante said that he was preparing to share the most recent findings with them. “The only real one is Lo Russo’s because we have examined it in a scientific manner. We are completely sure about our work, and about the results science has given us,” Marcante said. “We can touch this painting with our hands. It is real. It is authentic.” 1．What does the underlined word “inkling” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Thought. B．Decision. C．Lesson. D．Report. 2．Why did Lo Russo drive to the Picasso Museum? A．To do some tests on his own. B．To pick up his father working there. C．To seek confirmation on a painting. D．To enjoy Picasso’s paintings. 3．What can be learned from Marcante’s words in the last paragraph? A．He avoided touching the painting. B．He was confident of his judgement. C．He was a famous handwriting expert. D．He worked for the Picasso Administration. 4．Which word can best describe Lo Russo? A．Kind-hearted. B．Open-minded. C．Generous. D．Determined. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Andrea Lo Russo认为其父于20世纪60年代在垃圾场发现的画作可能是出自毕加索之手，并一直寻求鉴定。 1．词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句中“his first inkling of the painting’s origin came when he saw a Picasso in a middle school textbookwhen he saw a Picasso in a middle school textbook, but neither his teacher nor his father was persuaded (当他在中学课本上看到毕加索的画时，首次对这幅画的来源有了inkling，但他的老师和父亲都没有被说服)”和下一段首句“His curiosity continued, and in his early 20s, Lo Russo drove to Paris and brought the painting to the Picasso Museum. (他的好奇心一直在继续，在他20岁出头的时候，Lo Russo开车去了巴黎，把这幅画带到了毕加索博物馆)”可推知，Lo Russo应该在中学课本上看到毕加索的画时，对这幅画的来源产生了模糊的想法，认为它是毕加索的画，想去验证真假。划线词inkling意思应该与Thought“想法”一致。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“His curiosity continued, and in his early 20s, Lo Russo drove to Paris and brought the painting to the Picasso Museum. (他的好奇心一直在继续，在他20岁出头的时候，Lo Russo开车去了巴黎，把这幅画带到了毕加索博物馆)”和第四段中“After decades of trying to determine the painting’s origin, Lo Russo believed that a recent battery of tests carried out by the Swiss-based Arcadia Foundation finally offered proof that it’s the work of Picasso. (在试图确定这幅画的来源数十年后，Lo Russo认为，瑞士的Arcadia基金会最近进行的一系列测试最终证明这是毕加索的作品)”可知，Lo Russo开车去毕加索博物馆是为了求对一幅画进行确认。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段中““The only real one is Lo Russo’s because we have examined it in a scientific manner. We are completely sure about our work, and about the results science has given us,” Marcante said. “We can touch this painting with our hands. It is real. It is authentic.”(‘唯一真实的是卢索的，因为我们已经用科学的方法检验过了。我们完全相信我们的工作，以及科学给我们的结果’Marcante说：‘我们可以用手触摸这幅画。它是真实的。它是真实的。’”)可推知，Marcante对他的判断很有信心。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据第三段中“His curiosity continued, and in his early 20s, Lo Russo drove to Paris and brought the painting to the Picasso Museum... He turned down their invitation to leave the painting for further examination, not wanting to give it up. (他的好奇心一直在继续，在他20岁出头的时候，卢索开车去了巴黎，把这幅画带到了毕加索博物馆……他拒绝了他们让他把这幅画留给进一步研究的邀请，不想放弃它)”和第四段中“After decades of trying to determine the painting’s origin, Lo Russo believed that a recent battery of tests carried out by the Swiss-based Arcadia Foundation finally offered proof that it’s the work of Picasso. (在试图确定这幅画的来源数十年后，Lo Russo认为，瑞士的Arcadia基金会最近进行的一系列测试最终证明这是毕加索的作品)”可知，虽然遇到挫折，但Lo Russo一直没有放弃验证这幅画的真假，并坚信这幅画是毕加索的作品。由此可知，他是一个坚定的人。故选D项。 Passage 4 （24-25高二上·吉林通化·期末） TikTokers have shown their love and support for a woman who was left “heartbroken” after her farm was sabotaged. Carly Burd, from Harlow, England, found the soil covered in salt and posted a touching video about the incident on TikTok. Burd, who has Multiple Sclerosis and Lupus (多发性硬化症和狼疮), told viewers she believed someone went onto her plot of land and placed salt to destroy the work that she’s put in to help feed people in need. Last November, Burd began posting about her “A Meal on Me with Love”. “I changed my garden into a place to provide those on benefits, pensioners (领养老金的人) on state pension and those on a low income free organic fruit and vegetables plus other necessities of life. They receive a large box that contains necessities plus enough food, fruit, vegetables,rice, breakfast etc. for the number of people in the household,” Burd said. Up till now she’s fed more than 1,600 people among the cost of living crisis in the UK. After Burd shared her heartbreak on TikTok, users began providing lots of donations, advice, and support. Burd’s “A Meal on Me with Love” has been flooded with donations in light of this incident. As of Thursday morning, Burd’s GoFundMe campaign has raised £184,777 of its first £4,000 goal. “The world needs more people like you,” one person wrote with a $15 donation. “Your love and kindness for humanity is amazing. All of us would be so lucky to cross paths with someone like you in a time of need,” another person commented with a $10 donation. Burd said in an update that with the help of others she was able to dig up a lot of the salt and cover it with topsoil to neutralize (中和) it. “I’m really losing my head by everyone’s comments and everything,” she said. “I really do appreciate it — thank you.” 1．What does the underlined word “sabotaged” probably mean in Paragraph 1? A．Visited. B．Found. C．Destroyed. D．Protected. 2．What is “A Meal on Me with Love” in the text? A．A moving video. B．A beautiful garden. C．A charity activity. D．A friendly restaurant. 3．Which can best describe Burd according to the text? A．Brave. B．Caring. C．Honest. D．Flexible. 4．What can we learn from the text? A．The garden is beyond repair. B．People online offered Burd great support and help. C．TikTokers placed salt in Burd’s garden. D．Burd raised enough money to build a new garden. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍的是Burd利用自己的菜园种植蔬菜水果帮助需要帮助的人，而有人曾侵入她的菜园并倒盐破坏了它，TikTok的用户们筹款帮助她重建菜园的故事。 1．词句猜测题。根据第二段“Burd, who has Multiple Sclerosis and Lupus (多发性硬化症和狼疮), told viewers she believed someone went onto her plot of land and placed salt to destroy the work that she’s put in to help feed people in need.( Burd患有多发性硬化症和狼疮，她告诉观众，她认为有人在她的土地上倒盐，破坏了她为帮助有需要的人而做的工作。)”可知，有人在她的土地上倒盐，破坏了她为帮助有需要的人而做的工作，结合划线单词所在的句子中的“TikTokers have shown their love and support for a woman who was left “heartbroken” after her farm ….(TikToker用户向一名农场被……之后而“心碎”的女性表达了他们的爱和支持。)”可知，那名农场被破坏的“心碎的”女性就是Burd，由此可知，划线单词的意思应与C项“Destroyed破坏”意义相近。故选C项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Last November, Burd began posting about her “A Meal on Me with Love”.(去年11月，伯德开始发布她的“A Meal on Me with Love”。)”以及下文中的“Up till now she’s fed more than 1,600 people among the cost of living crisis in the UK.(到目前为止，在英国的生活成本危机中，她已经为1600多人提供了食物。)”可知，她发布的“A Meal on Me with Love”已经为1600多人提供了食物，结合第四段中的“After Burd shared her heartbreak on TikTok, users began providing lots of donations, advice, and support. Burd’s “A Meal on Me with Love” has been flooded with donations in light of this incident.(Burd在TikTok上分享了她的心碎之后，用户开始提供大量捐赠、建议和支持。鉴于这一事件，Burd的“A Meal on Me with Love”收到了大量捐款。)”可知，Burd在TikTok发布了自己心碎的事情后，“A Meal on Me with Love”收到了大量捐款，由此可推断，“A Meal on Me with Love”应该是Burd发起的一项慈善活动。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“I changed my garden into a place to provide those on benefits, pensioners (领养老金的人) on state pension and those on a low income free organic fruit and vegetables plus other necessities of life. (我把我的菜园变成了给领取救济金的人、领取养老金的人、低收入者免费提供有机水果和蔬菜等生活必需品的地方。)”以及第五段中网友的留言““The world needs more people like you,” one person wrote with a $15 donation. “Your love and kindness for humanity is amazing. All of us would be so lucky to cross paths with someone like you in a time of need,” another person commented with a $10 donation.(“这个世界需要更多像你这样的人，”一位捐款15美元的人写道。“你对人类的爱和善良令人惊叹。在需要的时候遇到像你这样的人，我们都很幸运，”另一位捐赠了10美元的人评论道。)”可知，Burd经常为那些领取救济金的人、领取养老金的人提供免费的水果、蔬菜和生活必需品，网友评价“世界需要她这样的人”，“她的爱与善良令人惊叹”等，综合以上信息可知，Burd是一个乐于助人且有同情心的人。故选B项。 4．细节理解题。根据首段中的“Carly Burd, from Harlow, England, found the soil covered in salt and posted a touching video about the incident on TikTok.(来自英格兰哈洛的Carly Burd发现了覆盖着盐的土壤，并在TikTok上发布了一段关于这一事件的感人视频。)”可知，Carly Burd的菜园被人破坏并在TikTok上发布了视频，结合下文中的“After Burd shared her heartbreak on TikTok, users began providing lots of donations, advice, and support.(在Burd在TikTok上分享了她的心碎之后，用户开始提供大量捐赠、建议和支持。)”可知，人们看Burd在TikTok上分享了令她心碎的事件后，很多TikTok的用户开始为她提供大量的捐赠、建议和支持，由此可知，网上的人们给了Burd很大的支持和帮助。故选B项。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解（记叙文） 主题01 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·辽宁省·期末） Stephen Hawking was a famous physicist. He was born in 1942. He died at his home on March 14th, 2018 in Cambridge, Britain. As one of the well-known physicists on space and time in the world, Hawking devoted his whole life to discovering the secrets of the universe, and he is called the King of the Universe. Since he was 21 years old, Hawking had been badly ill, but he didn’t give up his hope of living. He went on to study at Cambridge University after graduating from Oxford University. In 1965, he got a doctor’s degree. Then he worked as a professor at Cambridge University. Hawking was known for his work with black holes. He also wrote several popular science books. Although he didn’t live as freely as others, he still felt he was happy and he was thankful to life. When Hawking was invited to China, he made speeches in some famous universities. From Stephen Hawking’s whole life, we learn that no matter how bad life is, we should not lose hope. As he once said, “Life is not fair. You just have to do the best you can in your own situation.” 1．What is Hawking called according to paragraph 2? A．The Father of Clock. B．The Father of Rice. C．The King of Comedy. D．The King of the Universe. 2．When did Hawking get his doctor’s degree? A．In 1942. B．In 1965. C．In 1976. D．In 2018. 3．What was Hawking known for? A．Black holes. B．Empty holes. C．Steam engines. D．Light bulbs. 4．What does Stephen Hawking’s life tell us? A．A good beginning makes a good ending. B．Winners can deal with all the difficulties. C．No matter how bad life is, we should not lose hope. D．An interest in science will give us a lot in the life. Passage 2 （24-25高二上·吉林·期末） The first time my daughter, Maia, realized I was leaving on a trip without her, she was alarmed. Seeing photos of where I was going, she cried and asked why I was going to leave her behind. I tried to explain my work as a travel writer. But as my husband, Evan, pulled her off my leg so I could leave, I wondered if my solo trips would be worth the effort of going without her. A few days later, I returned home and Maia was happy to hear about my trip. She told me I could keep going on trips for work-but we’d compromise(妥协), she’d come with me. One year later, an invitation came to experience the Rocky Mountaineer on a parent-child journey, And as scary as it seemed to take a preschooler on a train, the trip sounded too good to pass up. Dressed in her most beautiful train-riding clothes, four-year-old Maia watched me take notes about the scenery as we chugged along the Fraser River in BC． Wanting to prove her worth as an assistant, she began interviewing the Australian couple sitting beside us. Unable to spell more than a few words, she drew their answers in crayon(蜡笔)。She ended up being such an easy travel companion and we found a special rhythm(节奏) on the road together. When she was six, we flew to the Riviera Maya in Mexico. I was impressed by how cheerfully fearless she was when we swam in cenotes(天然井). But it was on the flight home, when my little kid said it was okay that the airline didn’t seat us together, that I realized how much travel was shaping her. Research says that travel can expand a kid’s world, helping them become more adaptable while developing their creativity and imagination. Seeing those changes in Maia, I am really grateful for that compromise I made with her, 1．What can we learn about the author from the first two paragraphs? A．She enjoyed travelling alone. B．She gave up work for family. C．She travelled a lot with her kid. D．She went on trips for work. 2．What did the author think of the Rocky Mountaineer trip with Maia? A．Enjoyable. B．Annoying. C．Awkward. D．Tiring. 3．What influence did travel have on Maia? A．She grew braver and more independent. B．She became much closer to the writer. C．She made new friends and learned new skills. D．She became more outgoing and cheerful. 4．What is a suitable title for the text? A．The Challenges of Accompanying Kids B．The Joys of Travelling with Children C．The Approaches to Making Travel Comfortable D．The Reflection on Working as a Travel Writer 主题02 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·黑龙江牡丹江·期末） Aling Nenita is a 56-year-old mother to five children and a farmer in a remote community in the Municipality of Tumauini, located in the province of Isabela. The area has rich agricultural lands, but the farming families still experience hunger and food insecurity. Nenita’s husband is also a farmer. The couple are busy working on their farmland to provide for the needs of their children. Not long ago, a typhoon attacked the area where Nenita lives, which caused heavy flooding that resulted in the massive destruction of farmlands, houses, and crops. Nenita stood there still, her eyes filled with sadness, her voice trailing off (逐渐减弱) as she remembered how she nearly lost everything to the flood. It destroyed the ready-to-harvest crops in Nenita’s little farmland. “It was truly arduous for all of us,” she said. It was challenging for them to start again as they didn’t have spare money for seeds and other basic planting needs. Luckily, the Citizens’ Disaster Response Center (CDRC) responded quickly and provided agricultural support to the affected areas in Isabela, preventing the most at-risk families from further sinking into hunger. When CDRC reached Nenita’s community, she was one of those who received immediate assistance from the organization. You could see the happiness on her face as she lined up at the distribution site. Due to this project, she was given short-cycle vegetable seeds that she planted in her garden. She also received agricultural tools to help her farm more effectively and bags of fertilizers to make her garden fruitful. As Nenita’s family gradually saw their planted seeds starting to grow, hope began to rise again. The agricultural assistance not only ensured a future harvest of enough food but also helped restore their hope in the face of future difficulties. 1．What can we learn about Nenita’s family? A．They work in different fields. B．They want to move to the city. C．They live in a rich neighborhood. D．They struggle to make ends meet. 2．What does the underlined word “arduous” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Strange. B．Tough. C．Important. D．Surprising. 3．How did CDRC support Nenita’s family? A．By raising money for them. B．By offering them food and clothes. C．By providing them with places to stay. D．By giving them seeds and tools to farm. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Hope in the face of a disaster B．Brave mother on the farmland C．Let your hopes shape your future D．An opportunity always lies in a disaster Passage 2 （24-25高二上·辽宁·期末） Cooking and eating were such an important part of Eliza Acton’s world that I began to think of her ingredients (原料) almost as characters in some books. I looked through her cookery books, cooking from them regularly and writing lists of the ingredients she used. I often had to cook the dishes, sauces, and cakes to fully understand them. More importantly, I had to eat them very slowly. Food is about many things, particularly if you’re both cooking and eating as Eliza and her assistant were. I had to consider smell, taste, and temperature. I kept a notebook by my side just as Eliza had and wrote down my observations of each ingredient I bought and each dish I cooked. But that was only the first step. I wanted to write a book that made readers feel so hungry that they would be impelled (迫使) to stop frequently in order to visit the fridge. So besides cooking and eating Eliza’s dishes, I had to build a vocabulary to describe them in as exciting and mouth-watering a way as possible. Eventually I settled down to writing, drawing on my experience of cooking, smelling, tasting and reading. Whenever I struggled to describe a particular taste or smell, I would turn to my notebook for help and inspiration. This often made me feel hungry. But I decided that eating as I worked was vital to my research. So I didn’t hold back! But I made myself write a word or two down every time I ate. I’ve since had lots of comments from early readers, saying that reading Miss Eliza’s English Kitchen made them feel very hungry. I take that as ahuge compliment, although most of the credit must go to Eliza Acton for creating recipes so rich in pleasant smell and taste. 1．What do we know about Eliza Acton in paragraph 1? A．She was a character in a food film. B．She created famous food brands. C．She valued nutrition labels of food. D．She dove into many aspects of food. 2．Which of the following can best describe the author’s preparation before writing the novel? A．Half-hearted B．Tough C．Many-sided D．Limited 3．How did the author handle her writing problems? A．She ate the local specials. B．She read familiar diaries. C．She contacted Eliza by email. D．She looked them up in her notebook, 4．What is the best title for the text? A．My Cooking Troubles B．My Rich Experience C．My Inspired Food Writing D．My Respectable Person Passage 3 （23-24高二上·辽宁·期末） Many people around me make a difference to the world on a daily basis — being kind in unexpected ways and sharing the generosity of their lives with others. I, like many of them, volunteer some of my time in order to give back just a little of what I am so blessed to have. I volunteered to go to Guatemala with an eyeglass team from International Relief Teams — an organization I have supported in other ways for many years. Our team went to a small town in Guatemala, San Augustin. We set up our tables and packages of pre-made glasses in the dirty courtyard of a clinic, put up the Snellen chart (an eye chart) on a wall, and began our work. Young and old people came from many of the surrounding towns. Most had never received an eye exam before. They waited for hours patiently in the sun, never complaining. If we could help them out, their thankfulness for a simple pair of glasses was overwhelming. Some only left with eye drops or sunglasses, and even these people expressed their gratitude sincerely. All of them were very generous with blessings and smiles. We heard over and over from people who knew their eyes needed help but they had not gone to a doctor because it was too expensive, or had not got the glasses they needed for the same reason. It’s so easy to overlook how much difference the volunteers’ small actions can make to the lives of people in Guatemala. The glasses in my country are so easily available, but to people in Guatemala, they are not. As those who could give them a hand, we watched their lives change. What a gift sight is — and what a difference being able to see clearly makes! Here, we’d like you to join us and take action to help people in need. And every day, those actions change lives. No action is too small; no action is ever wasted. 1．According to Paragraph 1, the author is probably ________. A．a major host of good deeds B．a sponsor of an eyeglass team C．a generous neighbor in his community D．a supporter of International Relief Teams 2．What do we know about the volunteers in the eyeglass team? A．Their working environment is simple. B．They are medical experts nationwide. C．Their initial preparation is inadequate. D．They have served people in Guatemala for years. 3．Which of the following words can be used to describe most people in Guatemala? A．Kind and helpful. B．Poor but grateful. C．Considerate and patient. D．Knowledgeable but unhealthy. 4．What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A．To urge people to protect their eyes. B．To ask people to volunteer in Guatemala. C．To call on people to do good deeds in daily life. D．To show the difficult life of people in Guatemala. 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·辽宁省五校联考·期末） A native of Florida, U.S, Hannah Herbst, 17, uses water power to deal with energy poverty. Herbst has risen to fame with the development of BEACON, an ocean energy probe that seeks to offer a stable power source to developing countries by using untapped energy from ocean currents. She told Teen Vogue, “I was really involved in theater and athletics and I’m still really into those things. When I was in the seventh grade, I was put into a summer camp. The minute I got there I realized that I was the only girl in the program. I wanted to quit at that moment. But my dad told me, ‘Just try it.’ I tried it for that day and it changed my life.” “At the camp, we started building the robots, which was something I had never done before but many of the boys had, and I realized it was a platform for problem-solving. We were solving simple tasks like how to push a robot off a platform. Learning from my partners as well as online articles about how to program and build was really interesting to me,” said Herbst. Later that year, she received a letter from her pen pal, Ruth, who lived in Ethiopia, and learned that she was living in energy poverty with minimal access to electricity and medical supplies. “I knew that I wanted to do something to help, so I created BEACON.” she said. The device is made from 90% recycled materials easily found throughout the world, including 2-liter bottles and recycled spoons. It costs $12 to make and can produce enough electricity to power an LED light. Hannah imagines BEACON being used in developing countries to power pumps for fresh water and she is working on polishing it to get it available to people all over the world. 1．What can we know about Hannah Herbst in the second and third paragraphs? A．She just liked to learn how to build robots. B．She wanted to stay here because she is the only girl. C．She learned at least two techniques during the camp. D．She was attracted to the summer camp right from the start. 2．How did Hannah Herbst feel after she received a letter from her pen pal? A．indifferent B．shocked C．light-hearted D．sympathetic 3．What can we learn about BEACON from the article? A．It costs 12 dollars each and still remains to be improved. B．It is recyclable and available to people across the world. C．It has been used in developing countries to power pumps. D．The electricity it generates can be used with many traditional lamps. 4．Which section in the magazine might this passage come from? A．Affairs B．Personage C．Science D．Economics 主题01 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·黑龙江·期末） My wife Gillian and I started convincing ourselves to buy the farm as soon as we got in the car. Over the years we have become experts in talking ourselves into things that normal people would think crazy, both of us having developed a deep knowledge of each other’s craziest buttons, and how best to push them. Gillian and I are very different in many ways, but we both have the ability to drop everything and take a chance. Unfortunately, we also have the ability to view buying a poor farm as an opportunity. The main block was financial. We simply couldn’t afford the $350, 000 asking price. It took us a couple of days to think our way around this obstacle. We eventually came up with a strategy: we would put in a lowball (低报价) offer and we would move to the farm. That would allow us to rent out our apartment in Toronto, freeing up cash to make mortgage payments (按揭贷款) on the farm. But I didn’t think the owner would accept less than his asking price. We wrote up the offer, convinced the owner would say no. A few days later, I was walking to the office, and had almost completely forgotten about our stupid attempt to buy a farm. My phone rang. It was Gillian. “We got it,” she said. I stopped in the middle of the street, speechless. As I went home that night, I started to feel that moving to the farm was meant to be. I had recently found myself looking around at the people sitting silently on the subway or walking hurriedly in and-out of the office and asking myself, “What’s the point?” I realized that the times I was the most happy were the times when I was not sitting at a desk, when I was outside the city. It didn’t matter where I was; I loved to get dirty, to do things. But I had come to suppress (抑制) that side of me. Finally I changed my view and decided to leave the city and move to the farm. 1．What do Gillian and the author have in common? A．They are skillful at farming. B．They are creative in their work. C．They make unconventional decisions. D．They have the same educational background. 2．What does the underlined word “obstacle” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．Challenge. B．Method. C．Mistake. D．Failure. 3．How did the author react to Gillian’s phone call? A．He paid no attention. B．He tried to find a way out. C．He was shocked by the news. D．He chose to contact the owner. 4．What lesson can be learned from the story? A．He who makes no mistakes makes nothing. B．One cannot succeed without time and practice. C．Luck, talent and family, help to achieve success. D．Find the courage to follow your own path in life. Passage 2 （23-24高二上·黑龙江·期末） I sold one of my cars and switched to an e-bike one year ago. I knew that I was doing something good for the planet. But I still viewed giving up my car as something reserved for the deeply committed and adventurous, something that Greenpeace volunteers did to make the world better. However, I live in Colorado; e-bike would mean freezing in the winter and sweating in the summer. It was the right thing to do, I thought, but it was not going to be fun. I was very wrong. Before selling my car, I worried most about riding in the cold winter months. But I quickly learned that, as the saying goes, there is no bad weather, only bad clothes. I wear gloves, warm socks and a ski jacket when I ride, and I am almost never too cold. Though I, like many would-be cyclists, was worried about arriving at the office sweaty in hotter months, the e-bike solved my problem. Even when there was 35 degrees Celsius outside, I didn’t sweat, thanks to my bike’s pedal-assist mode (脚踏辅助模式). If I am honest, sometimes I didn’t even pedal; I just switched to pedal-assist mode, sat back and enjoyed my ride. But biking to work wasn’t just not unpleasant — it was entirely enjoyable. One day, shortly after selling our car, I hopped on (跳上) my bike after a stressful day at work and rode home down a street edged with changing fall leaves. I felt more connected to the physical environment around me than I had when I’d traveled the same route surrounded by metal and glass. I have to say, this sensation made me happier and healthier. Of course, e-bikes aren’t going to replace every car on every trip. In a country where uncontrolled stretching of suburbs and malls and unprotected bike paths are the norm, it’s unrealistic to expect e-bikes to replace cars in the way that the Model T (福特公司第一款大规模生产的汽车) replaced horses. But as an individual, making short trips on an e-bike would save money, cut carbon footprints, and improve health and well-being. 1．What did the author originally think of letting go of his car? A．A healthy move. B．A difficult choice. C．A call of duty. D．A crowd-driven decision. 2．How did the author feel about the actual experience of riding to work? A．Confused. B．Embarrassed. C．Anxious. D．Amazed. 3．What does the underlined part “this sensation” in paragraph 4 refer to? A．Interest in exploring new routes. B．Desire to head home faster. C．Relief from work pressure. D．Love for exposure to nature. 4．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．E-bike will replace cars very soon. B．Cyclists should do more to protect themselves. C．Cities need a more inclusive transport network. D．The Model T will be back quickly. Passage 3 （24-25高二上·内蒙古·期末） “Every life is a boat, the dream is the boat sail.” Every child has a dream of what they want to be. When Renee Butts was little, her dream was to become a volunteer fire fighter because her father was one. Sadly, when she was 14, her beloved father died and she was never able to do volunteer work with him. However, Renee’s story didn’t end there. She was determined and never gave up, which makes for a good firefighter. Now Renee is a member of the Carmel Fire Department, where she is required to be an Emergency Medical Technician. She should also be ready to deal with any emergency, like fighting a fire, dealing with a car accident or helping someone who’s sick. Sometimes she is in the driver’s seat or using the water pump. Renee works nine to eleven days a month on 24-hour shifts. She also has a family to care for, as her husband is also a busy fire fighter. Dealing with housework and working so much can show her great determination. When I asked Renee what the best part of her job was, she replied, “Helping people and saving lives.” I think that shows signs of being a true hero. She’s always willing to do anything for anyone in need. Renee says that her job is frightening at times, but extremely exciting. “The worst part of my job is that I see death. Actually, sometimes people die in the accident, for which I am very sorry.” With 140 people in her station, Renee is one of the only three women, but that doesn’t bother her. She says everyone can get a fair shot and do the same jobs. I was inspired by this because I knew I would be very scared to do her job and didn’t know if I could handle seeing people die. We would never live without people like her who have the courage to risk their lives. Renee’s determination rubs off on me and makes me believe that I can do anything. 1．What happened to Renee when she was fourteen? A．She got lost in a boat sailing. B．She dropped out of school. C．Her father passed away. D．Her dream to be a firefighter came true. 2．Why does the author believe Renee Butts is a true hero? A．She always tries her best to help anyone in need. B．She is one of the only three women in her station. C．She has been a firefighter for a long time. D．She feels sorry for the people dying in the accident. 3．How does Renee think of her job? A．Simple and pleasant. B．Frightening but exciting. C．Relaxing and comfortable. D．Challenging but promising. 4．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．Renee’s story is an inspiration to the author. B．The author feels very scared to do Renee’s job. C．The author could handle seeing people die. D．Renee encourages the author to risk the life. 主题02 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·吉林长春·期末） Here on the side of Mount Everest, Kaji Bista has spent a decade keeping a lonely watch over a largely abandoned (放弃) scientific laboratory, expecting the world’s highest research station to once again come to life. The laboratory opened in 1990 serving as a special spot for scientists seeking to keep an eye on changing conditions on Earth’s tallest mountain. In 2015, shifting scientific priorities cost the lab most of its funding, and its 15-person team were reduced to just Bista alone. Now, the tall, soft-spoken man spends 10 months a year working to keep the aging lab functioning. “My emotional attachment to the lab … keeps me going,” he said. Bista began working at the station in 2006. He states that it was originally established to settle a disagreement between Italian and U. S. mountaineers over whether Everest or K2 was the world’s tallest. Researchers used GPS measurements to prove Everest was taller, as the Italian climbers insisted. That work finally evolved into a plan, supported by the National Research Council of Italy (CNR) and the Nepal Academy of Science and Technology (NAST), to develop a facility that could do much more. Climate scientist Sudeep Thakuri says that he is grateful the lab has played an important role in not only his own studies of the region’s glạciers (冰川), but also in studies of regional biodiversity, the long-range transport of pollutants, etc. In response to the appeal of scientists, Suresh Kumar Dhungel a senior scientist at NAST, reports discussions with CNR officials have recently resulted in moves to resume laboratory operations. And Agostino Da Polenza, president of Ev-K2-CNR, says he is working to regenerate lab programs. And his group plans to launch a crowdfunding campaign later to raise more money. Bista does his best to repair those aging instruments. “When I face any problem, I turn to experts in Italy and then act accordingly,” he said. But sometimes it can take months for spare parts to arrive. “I am helpless in this case,” he said. Yet, Bista hasn’t lost hope. “This laboratory will soon be restored,” he said. “This is my belief.” 1．What can we infer about the research station? A．It has set off several disagreements. B．It requires higher maintenance costs. C．It has been fully functioning for years. D．It has been lightly regarded in recent years. 2．What was the station initially intended for? A．Conducting a geographic survey. B．Studying human impact on Everest. C．Providing shelter for mountain climbers. D．Establishing harmony between Italy and the US. 3．Which of the following best describes Bista’s quality? A．Gifted and humorous. B．Brilliant and creative. C．Devoted and optimistic. D．Hardworking and adventurous. 4．What does the text mainly tell? A．Mountaineers fuel debate over Everest. B．Scientific research on Everest matters a lot. C．Scientists make the most of a lab on Everest. D．A lone caretaker struggles to keep a lab alive. Passage 2 （24-25高二上·辽宁·期末） In a community centre in Kenya’s Laikipia county, Juliana Loshiro stands before her pupils. They listen and repeat simple words and greetings in Yaakunte (also called Yaaku), the language of their community. Though it might seem strange that even older people cannot speak the language, one of the pupils stands up and explains why he is in the class: his grandparents died before they could teach him Yaakunte, he says, and his mother, a Maasai, did not know the language. “So we got lost.” Loshiro teaches about 300 students twice a week. But the lessons are about more than just saving a language, they are about preserving the Yaakunte culture too. The Mukogodo Forest, one of the largest in East Africa, is the traditional home of the Yaaku. Originally hunter-gatherers, they looked after the 74,000-acre forest, using it for hunting, rituals (宗教仪式) and to collect plants and honey. Loshiro believes that by saving the language she is also safeguarding the knowledge the language holds about the wildlife of the forest, empowering future Yaaku to protect it. Every week, she takes her students to the forest to plant trees such as wild olive or cedar. So far they have planted 10,000 seedlings and distributed 50,000 seedballs. They then tag trees with labels that have words in Yaakunte. “As the trees grow,” she says, “the language grows.” Changes in the 20th century pushed Yaakunte to the edge of extinction. The Yaaku lived alongside the Maasai, a pastoral (田园生活) community who looked down on the hunter - gatherers for not having livestock. When Yaaku girls began marrying their neighbouring pastoralists, and parents received livestock as bride-wealth, Yaaku fathers began to demand cattle rather than just beehives as had been the Yaaku custom. The temptation (诱惑) to identify with pastoralists was stronger and the Yaaku gradually assimilated into the Maasai, and gave up their language for Maasai. Loshiro is working on other ways to preserve Yaakunte, including building a website and app to digitize the language and make learning easier. She hopes her pupils will be fluent in Yaakunte after five years of classes and — apart from language — know their culture. 1．What can be learned from the first paragraph? A．Yaaku kids are poorly educated. B．The Yaaku population is aging fast. C．Yaakunte is in danger of extinction. D．The Yaaku community remains uncontacted. 2．Why does Loshiro plant trees in the forest with her students? A．To get them close to nature. B．To give their culture a future. C．To cultivate their hands-on abilities. D．To experience their ancestors’ hardships. 3．What does the underlined words “assimilated into” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Won over. B．Turned against. C．Became part of. D．Lost control of. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Growing a word forest B．Changing old customs C．Rescuing a lost community D．Preserving local landscapes Passage 3 （23-24高二上·黑龙江·期末） The rolled-up painting of a female figure was discovered in a pile of rubbish that a junk dealer was hired to throw away in the early 1960s, and it hung in the family living room and then restaurant in Pompei, near Naples, for years until his son decided to investigate. The junk dealer’s son Andrea Lo Russo said that his first inkling of the painting’s origin came when he saw a Picasso in a middle school textbook, but neither his teacher nor his father was persuaded. His curiosity continued, and in his early 20s, Lo Russo drove to Paris and brought the painting to the Picasso Museum. “They looked, and they said, ‘It is not possible,’” Lo Russo recalled. He turned down their invitation to leave the painting for further examination, not wanting to give it up. After decades of trying to determine the painting’s origin, Lo Russo believed that a recent battery of tests carried out by the Swiss-based Arcadia Foundation finally offered proof that it’s the work of Picasso. “We include lab tests that show the paints used are consistent with Picasso’s color palette during the period,” said Luca Marcante, a trained chemist who founded the Arcadia Foundation in 2000 to investigate the origin of artworks. “Most recently, a handwriting expert authenticated (证实) the signature on the upper left-hand corner as that of Picasso.” The only group that can authenticate the painting is the Picasso Administration in Paris. It hasn’t responded to a series of requests over the years. Marcante said that he was preparing to share the most recent findings with them. “The only real one is Lo Russo’s because we have examined it in a scientific manner. We are completely sure about our work, and about the results science has given us,” Marcante said. “We can touch this painting with our hands. It is real. It is authentic.” 1．What does the underlined word “inkling” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Thought. B．Decision. C．Lesson. D．Report. 2．Why did Lo Russo drive to the Picasso Museum? A．To do some tests on his own. B．To pick up his father working there. C．To seek confirmation on a painting. D．To enjoy Picasso’s paintings. 3．What can be learned from Marcante’s words in the last paragraph? A．He avoided touching the painting. B．He was confident of his judgement. C．He was a famous handwriting expert. D．He worked for the Picasso Administration. 4．Which word can best describe Lo Russo? A．Kind-hearted. B．Open-minded. C．Generous. D．Determined. Passage 4 （24-25高二上·吉林通化·期末） TikTokers have shown their love and support for a woman who was left “heartbroken” after her farm was sabotaged. Carly Burd, from Harlow, England, found the soil covered in salt and posted a touching video about the incident on TikTok. Burd, who has Multiple Sclerosis and Lupus (多发性硬化症和狼疮), told viewers she believed someone went onto her plot of land and placed salt to destroy the work that she’s put in to help feed people in need. Last November, Burd began posting about her “A Meal on Me with Love”. “I changed my garden into a place to provide those on benefits, pensioners (领养老金的人) on state pension and those on a low income free organic fruit and vegetables plus other necessities of life. They receive a large box that contains necessities plus enough food, fruit, vegetables,rice, breakfast etc. for the number of people in the household,” Burd said. Up till now she’s fed more than 1,600 people among the cost of living crisis in the UK. After Burd shared her heartbreak on TikTok, users began providing lots of donations, advice, and support. Burd’s “A Meal on Me with Love” has been flooded with donations in light of this incident. As of Thursday morning, Burd’s GoFundMe campaign has raised £184,777 of its first £4,000 goal. “The world needs more people like you,” one person wrote with a $15 donation. “Your love and kindness for humanity is amazing. All of us would be so lucky to cross paths with someone like you in a time of need,” another person commented with a $10 donation. Burd said in an update that with the help of others she was able to dig up a lot of the salt and cover it with topsoil to neutralize (中和) it. “I’m really losing my head by everyone’s comments and everything,” she said. “I really do appreciate it — thank you.” 1．What does the underlined word “sabotaged” probably mean in Paragraph 1? A．Visited. B．Found. C．Destroyed. D．Protected. 2．What is “A Meal on Me with Love” in the text? A．A moving video. B．A beautiful garden. C．A charity activity. D．A friendly restaurant. 3．Which can best describe Burd according to the text? A．Brave. B．Caring. C．Honest. D．Flexible. 4．What can we learn from the text? A．The garden is beyond repair. B．People online offered Burd great support and help. C．TikTokers placed salt in Burd’s garden. D．Burd raised enough money to build a new garden. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $