2026年鲁教版初中、中考英语动词短语以及介词、副词短语大全

该初中英语中考复习知识清单系统整合了初中阶段核心动词短语及固定搭配，按“同一动词型”（如put, look, get等系列短语）和“同一介词/副词型”（如up, out, away等短语群）分类，涵盖动词短语、形容词短语、副词短语等关键知识范畴。 清单通过“动词为纲、介词为辅”的双重分类体系构建知识网络，如将look短语细分为look after（照顾）、look up（查询）等多义项，清晰标注词义与用法，培养学生的语言能力和学习能力。特别设计“易混短语对比”（如put on/put off）和“语境应用提示”，助力学生精准辨析与灵活运用，既方便学生自主梳理复习，也为教师教学提供系统高效的辅助工具。

动词短语 同一动词型 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 put短语 put on穿上;戴上;上演;增加 put off推迟 put up 张贴(广告等);挂起;举起 put down 记下;镇压 put into 把……放进;使进 put out熄灭;扑灭 put away放好;收拾 look 短语 look ahead 向前看;展望未来 look back 回头看;回首;回忆;回顾 look after照顾 look around 环顾四周 look at看 look for寻找 look like看起来像 look over检查 look up查询; look through 浏览 look into 向⋯⋯里面看去;调查;研究 look out 留神;当心 look out of往……外看 look down upon瞧不起;看低 look up to 尊敬 look forward to 期待;盼望 get短语 get on 上车;进展 get off下车 get up 起床 get down 下降 get away 逃离 get back 返回;回来;回家 get into 进入 get over克服 get through 通过;结束;到达;完成 get to到达 get angry 生气get close(to) 接近? get lost 迷路 get mad 大动肝火;气愤 get married 结婚 get popular受欢迎;流行 get ready 准备好 get together 相聚 get out出去;离开 get out of 离开;从······出来 get in the way of 挡……的路;妨碍 get in touch with 和……取得联系 get into the habit of 养成……的习惯 get into trouble 遇上麻烦;陷入困境 get a surprise 吃惊 get along/ on with 进展;与……和睦相处/关系良好 get away from 逃离;摆脱;从……逃离 get dressed 穿上衣服 get hold of 抓住 get out of control 失去控制 give 短语 give away 捐赠 give back 还给;归还;恢复(健康等) give up 放弃 give in 屈服;让步 give out 分发;散发 give off 发出;放出(气味、热、光等) give birth to生;产生 give a speech/ speeches发表演讲 give (sb.) a lift 捎(某人)一程 take短语 take down 记下;取下 take up 从事;着手处理 take in 吸收;吞入(体内);欺骗 take out取出 take out the rubbish 倒垃圾 take away 拿走 take off脱下;起飞 take over接收;接管 take after(外貌)像 take action(s) 采取行动 take care 当心 take notes 记笔记 take place发生 take the subway 乘地铁 take one's order 点菜 take one’ s place代替;替换 take one’ s position 取代某人的位置 take one’ s temperature 量体温 take one’ s time 从容进行;慢慢来 take a break/ breaks/a rest 休息 take a look at 看一下 take a lesson/ lessons 上课 take a message 捎口信;传话 take a photo/ photos of …给……照相 take a risk/ risks 冒险 take a shower洗淋浴;洗澡 take a trip 去旅行 take a vacation/ holiday去度假 take a walk散步 take part in 参加……;参与… take pride in为……感到自豪 take care of照顾;照料 take it easy 别着急,别紧张;放松 turn短语 turn down调低(音量);拒绝 turn up调高(音量);出现 turn off 关掉 turn on 打开 turn into 变成 turn out 结果是 turn around转身;调头 turn over 翻身;翻转 turn back(使)原路返回,往回走 turn to 翻到;转向 turn left 向左转 turn right向右转 take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事 It’s one’s turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事 go短语 go away走开 go back 回去 go by(时间)逝去;经过 go on 继续 go out出去;熄灭 go outside 去户外 go over 仔细检查;复习 go through 浏览;翻阅;通过 go abroad 出国 go bike riding 骑自行车 go boating 去划船 go camping 去野营 go fishing 去钓鱼 go shopping 去购物 go to bed 去睡觉 go to school 去上学 go to the/a doctor 去看医生 go for a walk 去散步 go on a trip去旅行 go on a vacation 去度假 go out of one's way 特别地;格外努力” go upstairs/ downstairs上/下楼 go to sleep 开始睡觉;入睡 come短语 come in进来 come into进入 come out 出来;出版 come out of从……出来 come up 出来;上升 come down 退步;下降 come across(偶然)遇见/发现 come along一道去;赶快;进行;进展 come around拜访(某人的家) come back回来 come from来自 come on 来吧;赶快;加油 come over 顺便来访;过来 come to 苏醒;达到;来到(某地) come true (愿望等)实现;达到 come to one's mind某人忽然想起 come up with 追上;赶上;想出(主意)；提出；找出(答案) fall 短语 fall behind 落后 fall down 倒下;滑倒 fall into 掉进……里 fall off 从……掉下来 fall asleep 入睡 fall ill 患病;病倒 fall in love with爱上 think短语 think of想起，认为 think about 考虑 think up 想出，提出 think over 仔细考虑 think twice 三思 keep短语 keep on 继续 keep off 使……不踏入 keep down 控制 keep from 隐瞒 keep sb doing sth.使某人一直做某事 keep/prevent/stop sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事 keep up 坚持 keep out 不让……进入 keep away from 远离 keep healthy /fit 保持健康 keep doing sth. 一直做某事 keep in touch with sb 与某人保持联系 do短语 do a good job干得好 do a school survey 做校园调查 do chores/ housework 做家务 do exercises 做练习题 do research 做研究 do/ try one's best 尽某人最大的努力 make短语 make a call/ calls打电话 make a decision/ decisions 做决定 make a dish/ dishes做菜 make a fire生火 be friends with sb. 成为某人的朋友 make a kite/ kites制作风筝 make a mistake/ mistakes 犯错 make a mess 弄得一团糟/一塌糊涂 make a plan/ plans制定计划 make an effort 作出努力 make dinner 做晚饭 make friends 交朋友 make money赚钱 make(a) noise 制造噪声 make one's bed 铺床 make one's way 前往;费力地前进 make progress 取得进步 make rules 制定规则 make tea泡茶 make up 编造，构成，组成 make a living 谋生 make it 约定，成功 make up one’s mind 下决心 make sb. feel at home 使某人感到宾至如归 make sb. do sth.让某人做某事 play 短语 play a card game 玩棋牌游戏 play chess 下国际象棋 play computer games玩电脑游戏 play music 演奏音乐 play sports 做运动 play the erhu 拉二胡 play the guitar 弹吉他 play the keyboard 弹电子琴 play a role in 在······中起作用 play a part in 参与……,对……有影响 play tricks/ jokes/a trick/a joke on sb.开某人的玩笑 同一介词/副词型 up短语 break up 粉碎;破碎 bring up 教育;培养;抚养 build up 抚养;养育 call up 打电话给(某人);征召 cheer up 使……振奋起来 clean up 打扫 cut up切碎 dress up 装扮;乔装打扮 drink up 喝光 eat up吃光 use up用完;耗尽 end up 结束 fix up 修理;修补 go up 上升;上涨 grow up成长;长大 hang up 挂断电话 heat up 使变热;给······加热 hurry up赶快 jump up跳起来 lift up 起;抬起 light up 照亮 make up 组成;编造;化妆 mix up 吧……混合在一起 open up 张开;打开 pick up检起;拿起;举起;接(机、电话) ring up打电话 set up 开办;设立;创办;建立 show up 出现 speak up大点儿声说;大胆讲 stand up起立 stay up 熬夜 take up(尤指为消遣)学着做;占(时间或空间) think up 想出 tidy up整理;收拾;归置 wake up醒来 warm up 热身;做准备活动 out短语 blow out吹灭 break out(战争、火灾等)突然发生；爆发 bring out 使显现;使表现出 call out呼唤 check out查明;结账 clean out清除;把······打扫干净 clear out清理;丢掉 cry out 呐喊;呼喊 cut out 删除;删去;切断 eat out出去吃饭 figure out算出 find out 查明;发现;了解 hand out分发;发放 hang out 闲逛 hold out伸出 keep out 不让······进入 lay out摆弄;布置 leave out忽略;不提及;不包括 look out当心;注意;向外看 move out 搬出去 pick out选出;领会 point out指出 put out 扑灭;熄灭 read out 朗读;宣读 sell out卖光 send out发送;派遣 set out出发;启程 stay out留在外面 take out取出;带······出去 try out试验;试用;尝试 walk out 出去;突然离开 work out解决;算出 away短语 blow away 吹走 drive away 驱车离开;把······赶走 give away 捐赠 move away 搬走,离开 pass away 过世;逝世 put away收起;收拾好 run away 逃跑;跑掉 sweep away扫去 take away夺去;拿走 throw away扔掉 walk away 步行离开 wash away 冲走;洗掉 on短语 depend on 依赖;依靠;取决于 focus on 致力于;使聚焦于 hold on 等一等(别挂电话) knock on 敲 land on 着陆 live on 以⋯⋯为食 pass on传递 try on试穿 work on 从事;忙于 down 短语 break down 发生故障 calm down 保持冷静 close down(永久)关闭,关停 cut down 砍倒 die down 逐渐变弱;逐渐消失 fall down突然倒下;跌倒;倒塌 pull down拆下;摧毁 shoot down射下 sit down 坐下 write down 写下;记下 in 短语 arrive in到达 believe in 信任;信赖 break in 闯入;打断 bring in 引进;带进来 call in 召来;叫来 come in 进来 cut in 插嘴;干预 fill in 填补;填写 give in 屈服;让步 hand in 上交;提交;呈送 join in/ take part in 参加 take in 接收;吸纳 off 短语 break off 突然终止;中断 clean off擦掉 cut off 切除 go off响;离开 pay of还清(欠款等) put off 推迟 see... off 为······送行 set off动身;出发;使爆发 show off炫耀;卖弄 about 短语 care about 关心;在意 complain about 抱怨 hear about听说 know about了解;知道 learn about 学习;了解 talk about谈论;讨论;议论 think about 考虑 worry about 担心;烦恼 back 短语 bring back恢复;使想起;归还 call(sb.) back(给某人)回电话 hand back 交还 pay back 偿还(借款等) shout back 大声回应 talk back 回嘴;顶嘴 for短语 ask for 要;要求得到 care for 喜欢;关心;关怀;照顾 cheer for为······加油 die for 为······而死 hope for 盼望;希望(得到) leave for出发前往 look for 寻找,寻求 pay for为……付款 prepare for为······做准备 search for搜寻;查找 stand for代表;支持 wait for等候;等待 from短语 die from死于 hear from 收到······的来信 learn… from…向……学习…… run away from 逃离;逃避 stay away from 与······保持距离 keep... away from 避免接近;远离 into短语 fall/ drop into落入;陷入 knock into 与⋯⋯相撞 push into冲入 shine into照射进 to短语 belong to 属于 dance to伴着……跳舞 listen to 听 ng…… lead to导致;通向 stick to坚持;固守 shout to 对……大声喊叫 speak to 对 说话 talk to 跟……说 pay attention to 对 ······ 留心…… help oneself to 请随便吃/喝…… hold on to 继续;坚持;保持 with 短语 agree with 赞同;持相同意见 begin with 以⋯⋯开始 come up with 提出;想出 communicate with…和……交流 deal with 处理;应付 end up with 以······而结束 fall in love with爱上…… fight with 与……打架 play with 玩耍;和……玩 start with 从……开始 talk with sb.和某人交谈 catch up with赶上 have to do with关于⋯⋯;与⋯⋯有关 keep in touch with 与……保持联系 make friends with与……交朋友 at短语 at night在晚上 at once 马上 at present 目前;现在 at times有时;偶尔. at work 在工作 at any time 在任何时候 at that time 那时候 at other times 在其他时候 at the moment 此时;现在 at weekends在周末 at one’ s great sale大甩卖 at the same time同时 at the age of 在······岁时 at the beginning of在……开始时 at the end of在······结尾 at the bottom of在······底部 at the foot of在……底部;在脚下 at the top of在······顶端. at短语 at birth 出生时 at first 起初 at last 最后 at hand在手边;即将来临 at home在家 at school在上学 at least 至少 at most最多 by短语 by air 乘飞机 by bus乘公交车 by bike骑自行车 by car 乘小汽车 by plane 乘飞机 by ship 乘轮船 by taxi 来出租车 by train 乘火车 by accident/ chance偶然;意外地 by hand手工 by heart 单凭记忆;能背诵 by mistake错误地;无意中 by oneself 独自的 by turns 轮流 by the time到……的时候 by the way 顺便说一下;顺便问一下 by the er d of到……结束时出 in短语 in agreement 达成一致 in all/ total 总之;共计 in common 共同;共有;相似 in danger处于危险中 in fact事实上 in general总体而言 in hand在手头;在进行中 in need 在危难中;在困境中 in order井然有序 in pain痛苦地 in peace 和平地 in person 亲自;亲身 in person 亲自 in public 公开地 in return 作为回报 in silence 沉默 in surprise 惊奇地 in time及时 in total 总共;合计 in trouble处于困境中 in a hurry 匆忙地 in a low voice 低声地 in a word 总而言之 in good health 健康状况良好 in one’ s opinion 在某人看来 in other words换句话说;换言之 in that case 既然那样;假使那样的话 in the distance 在远处 in the end 最后 in the future在将来 in the way 挡道;妨碍 in control of 掌管;管理 in face of 面临 in front of在······前面(外部) in need of 需要;缺少 in the face of面对(问题、困难等) in the middle of在······中间 on短语 on business 出差 on duty值日;值班 on foot步行 on fire着火 on hand在手边 on sale 廉价销售;出售 on show 展出;在上映 on time 准时 on vacation在度假 on weekends/ the weekend在周末 on one's own 独自 on the/ one's way to... 在某人去……的路上 a the Internet 在网上 on the left 在左边 on the right 在右边 on the one hand... on the other hand...一方面······另一方面······ depend on 依赖 get on 上车，相处 work on 从事 pass on 传递 hold on 稍等片刻 go on 继续 try on 试穿 hold on 稍等片刻 decide on 决定 concentrate on 专心 spend on 在……上花费 live on 以……为生 from 短语 across from 在······对面 from... to...从······到······ from now on 从今/此以后;今后 from then on 从那时起 from time to time 不时;偶尔 of短语 ahead of 在……之前 because of 因为;由于 instead of代替;而不是 first, of all 首先 all of a sudden 突然;猛地 to短语 according to 根据;按照;据所说；视⋯⋯而定 close to 接近 next to 紧靠⋯⋯的旁边;贴近;最接近： thanks to多亏;由于 to be honest 老实说 to one's surprise 使某人吃惊的是 to start with起初 其他常见动词短语 arrive at 抵达 drop by 顺便拜访 feel like想;想要 hear of/ about 听说 pass/ walk by 路过;经过 run after 追逐;追赶 run into与⋯⋯遇见;偶然相撞 sound like 听起来像 stare at 凝视 write to 给你 写信 fly up to 飞十 point to 指向 do harm to 对……有害 make sure 确保 get along/ on(well) with 与······和睦相处/关系良好 jump out of 跳出 rush out of 冲出…… walk up to 走向 call the police 报警 catch a bus赶公共汽车 change one's mind/ idea 改变主意 create fear 制造恐慌 enjoy oneself = have a good/ great time 品 have fun 过得愉快;玩得开心 fly a kite/ kites放风筝 follow the rules遵守规则 get an X-ray 照X光 get attention 得到注意 get good grades/ scores 取得好成绩 have a cold/ cough/ headache(患)感冒/咳嗽/头痛 have a creative mind 有创造性的思维 have a look 看一看 have a point 有道理 have a seat 就座;坐下 have a sore back 背疼 have/ hold a party举办一个派对 have a try 试试看;尝试一下 have breakfast/ lunch/ supper 吃早餐/午餐/晚餐 have no choice 别无选择 have no idea不知道 increase one's reading speed 提高某人的阅读速度 keep one's cool沉住气;保持冷静 lose control 失控 lose heart 灰心 lose one's life 丧命 lose one’ s way 迷路 lose weight 减肥 practice sports做运动 read a book/ books读书 risk one’ s life某人冒生命危险 save electricity省电 save one's life 挽救某人的生命 see a dentist看牙医 shake hands握手 walk one's dog遛狗 watch a TV program 看一档电视节目 watch a movie/ movies看电影 watch TV 看电视 wear glasses 戴眼镜 win a competition 赢得比赛 win a prize得奖 get into a fight with 和······吵架 have a better understanding of 更好地理解⋯⋯ have meaning to 对······有意义 have nothing against(doing) sth.不反对某物/做某事 keep an eye on 留意;密切注视 keep... to oneself 保守秘密 make a(big) difference to 对·有/起(很大的)影响/作用 open one's heart to 对……敞开心扉 feel free(可以)随便做某事) get home回家 hold one's breath 屏住呼吸 pull together齐心协力;通力合作 read aloud 朗读 show an interest in对······有兴趣 study/ work hard努力学习/工作 think twice 再三考虑 have…… in common 有相同特征;(想法、兴趣等方面)相同 leave... behind把······遗留下来 let... down 使······失望. make up one's mind下定决心 make. .. feel at home使······感到宾至如归 其他常见介词短语 after all 毕竟 all over/ around the world 全世界. along with 连同;除……以外还 as for至于 as usual 像往常一样 beyond words 难以言表 for example 例如 for sale 待售 for sure 无疑;肯定 less than 少于 more than 多于 such as 比如 without doubt 毫无疑问 all in all 总的来说 as a result结果 with one's help = with the help of sb.在某人的帮助下 without one's help = without the help of sb.没有某人的帮助 形容词短语 be+ adj. + of be afraid of (doing) 害怕(做)…… be ashamed of (doing). 因(做)……感到羞愧 be careful of…小心/注意…… be certain/ sure of... 对······有把握 be fond of (doing) … 喜 欢(做)…… be full of…充满⋯⋯ be proud of…因……感到自豪 be short of…缺乏…… be tired of ( doing) ..厌 倦(做)…… be + adj. + with be angry with…生……的气 be born with天生具有…… be busy with…忙于…… be careful with 小心(对待)…… be covered with…被……所覆盖 be familiar with 熟悉…… be filled with…充满…… be friendly with 与……友好相处 be good with…善于应付…… be patient with对……有耐心 be pleased with 对……感到满意 be popular with受……欢迎 be satisfied with 对……满意 be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格 be + adj. + to be close to…靠近…… be famous/ known/ well-known to +对象为……所熟知 be friendly/ kind/ nice to…对……友好 be harmful to…对……有害 be polite to... 对······有礼貌 he related to 与……有关 be rude to…对……粗鲁 be similar to…与……类似 be used to 习惯于⋯⋯;适应于…… be + adj. + for be famous/ known/ well-known for+原因 因⋯⋯而著名 be good/ bad for... 对……有益/害 be late for 迟到 be necessary for 对 ······有必要 be responsible for. 对······负责 be sorry for……对………感到遗憾/抱歉 be thirsty for 渴求 be/ get ready for... 为·····做好准备 be + adj. + in be active in…在……方面积极 be confident in 对······有信心 be disappointed in/ with sb. 对某人感到失望 be interested in 对······感兴趣 be rich in…富含……;盛产…… be strict in (doing) sth. 对(做)某事要求严格 be successful in…在……成功 be weak in…在……方面薄弱 be + adj. + about be careful about…对……谨慎 be crazy about… 对……着迷 be excited about… 对……感到兴奋 be glad about…因……而高兴 be hopeful about 对……抱有希望 be nervous about… 因……而紧张 be pleased about…因……感到高兴 be relaxed about… 对……感到放松 be serious about… 对……是认真的 be sad about为……而难过 be sorry about…对……感到抱歉 be strict about sth. 对某事/某物要求严格 be sure about…对……有把握 be worried about…对……感到担忧 be + adj. + at be amazed at…对……感到惊讶 be angry at sth. 因某事/某物而生气 be mad at sb. 生某人的气 be glad at…因……而高兴 be good/ bad at ... 擅长/不擅长…… be surprised at…对……感到吃惊 be + adj. + from be absent from... 缺席…… be different from... 与······不同 be far from... 距……远 be separate from...与······分离 be + adj. + on be hard on sb. 对某人苛刻 be+ adj. + as be famous/ known/ well-known as+职业 作为⋯⋯而闻名 副词短语 just now刚才 right now马上 right away 立刻 hardly ever 几乎从不 now and then 不时,有时 once in a while偶尔;有时 once or twice 偶尔;一两次 sooner or later 迟早 day and night 日日夜夜 the other day 前几日 once upon a time从前 over and over again 多次;反复地 the day after tomorrow 后天 the day before yesterday前天 over there在那里 here and there到处 up and down 上上下下 again and again 反复地 one after another一个接一个 above all 首要的是;尤其 after all毕竟 as well也;此外 much too 太 no longer/ not any longer 不再 no wonder难怪;怪不得 not…… at all一点儿也不 once again 再次;再度 so far到目前为止；迄今为止 $