必修第三册 Unit 1 Nature in the balance（教师用书Word）-【正禾一本通】2026年新高考英语高三一轮总复习高效讲义（译林版）

任务(一)　词汇、句式、语篇背诵 单词多维背诵 阅读单词 1．ecosystem n．生态系统[构词法：eco­(生态)＋system] 2．biodiversity n．生物多样性[构词法：bio­(生物)＋diversity] 3．hardwood n．阔叶树；硬材(阔叶树的木材) 4．mammal n．哺乳动物 5．microorganism n．微生物[构词法：micro­(微小的)＋organism] 6．nutrient n．营养素，营养物 7．brochure n．小册子 8．overseas adj．海外的，国外的 adv．在海外，向国外 9．species n．(pl．species)种，物种 10．habitat n．生活环境，栖息地 11．resident n．居民，住户 12．medal n．奖章，勋章 多义单词 [熟词生义] 1．branch [熟义] n．树枝；支流→[生义] n．(政府或机构)部门 2．process [熟义]n．过程，进程；步骤，流程→[生义] vt．加工，处理 3．living [熟义]adj．活着的，活的 n．生计，谋生；生活方式→[生义] adj．在使用的 4．defence [熟义] n．防御，保护；防御物；国防；防守→[生义] n．辩护，辩解 [一词多义] 5．track ①vt．& vi．跟踪，追踪 ②n．足迹，踪迹 ③n．小道 ④n．轨道 ⑤n．跑道 6．belt ①n．地带，地区 ②n．腰带 ③n．传送带 核心单词 [围绕话题——人与自然] 1．make a profit盈利 2．masses of harmful insects大量的害虫 3．out of poverty 摆脱贫穷 4．the impact on ecosystems 对生态系统的影响 5．do/cause damage to habitats 对栖息地的破坏 6．protest against the policy抗议这项政策 7．in the process of protecting wildlife在保护野生动物的过程中 8．recycle natural resources 循环利用自然资源 9．the former．．．the latter．．．前者……后者…… 拓展单词 1．harm n．& vt． 伤害，损害 harmful adj． 有害的；造成损害的 harmless adj． 无害的；无恶意的 2．region n． 地区，区域；行政区 regional adj． 地区的 3．long adj． 长的 length n． 长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅，(电影)片长 lengthen vi．& vt． (使)变长 4．vary vi． 变化；改变 variety n． 不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体 various adj． 各种各样的；各种不同的 5．survive vi． 　 　生存，存活 vt． 幸存，幸免于难 survival n． 生存，幸存；残存物，幸存事物 survivor n． 幸存者 6．nutrient n． 营养素，营养物 nutrition n． 营养 nutritious adj． 有营养的 7．appear vi． 出现 disappear vi． 不复存在，灭绝，消亡；消失；失踪 disappearance n． 消失 8．agriculture n． 农业，农学 agricultural adj． 农业的 9．extinct adj．　　 绝种的，绝迹的 extinction n． 灭绝，绝种 10．apply vt．& vi． 应用；申请；涂；有关 application n． 应用，运用；申请 applicant n． 申请人 applicable adj． 适用的 11．organize vt． 组织 organization n． 组织，团体；组织工作；安排；条理 organizer n． 组织者 12．absolute adj． 绝对的，完全的 absolutely adv． 绝对地，完全地；极其 13．entire adj． 完全的 entirely adv． 完全地，全部地，完整地 14．defend vt．& vi． 防御；保护；保卫 defence n． 辩护；防御，保护；防御物；国防；防守 defensive adj．　　 防御性的；自我保护的 15．economy n． 经济 economic adj． 经济的，经济上的；可赚钱的 economical adj． 经济的，实惠的；节俭的 economically adv． 在经济上；经济地；节俭地 16．poison vt． 污染；毒死，毒害 n． 毒物，毒药 poisonous adj． 有毒的 17．chemistry n． 化学 chemist n． 化学家 chemical n． 化学制品 adj． 化学的；化学作用的 18．consequent adj． 随之而来的 consequence n． 结果，后果；重要性 consequently adv． 结果 短语巧学助记 1．in turn 相应地，转而；轮流，依次[对比：by turns交替；轮流] 2．break down 使分解(为)，使变化(成)；出故障；垮掉；消除；失败 3．due to 由于，因为[同义：owing to；thanks to；as a result/consequence of] 4．build up 逐渐增加，扩大 5．come up with 想出，想到[对比：come up 破土而出；升起；发生；被提及；被讨论] 6．call for (公开)要求；需要[联想：call on 请求，要求；拜访] 7．spring to mind 突然记起(或想到) 8．get rid of 摆脱，丢弃，扔掉 9．give rise to 使发生(或存在)；引起[同义：bring about；lead to] 10．play a role in．．．在……中起重要作用；扮演重要角色[同义：play a part in．．．] 11．in length 在长度上 12．a variety of 各种各样的[同义：varieties of; all sorts of] 13．be made up of 由……组成[同义：consist of；be comprised of；be composed of] 14．sign up 报名[点拨：后常接for] 15．in defence of 保护；为……做解释或辩护 句式遮挡背诵 1．With an area of around 6 million square kilometres，the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China．(倍数表达法) 2．The Amazon River，from which the rainforest gets its name，is close to 6，400 kilometres in length．．．(“介词＋which” 引导定语从句) 3．Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor．(完全倒装) 4．While a significant number of jaguars survive here，they are only one element of this forest's food chain．(while 引导让步状语从句) 5．Some call for the application of modern technology，and others a change of lifestyle．(省略) 6．As the human population continues to grow，so does the effect we have on animals．(so＋助动词＋主语) 7．We've been taking various measures，including the use of new technologies，to reduce pollution in the production process，even though these measures raise our production costs．(even though引导让步状语从句) [遮住左栏尝试背诵] 1．亚马孙雨林的面积约为600万平方千米，比中国国土面积的一半还要大。 2．亚马孙雨林得名于亚马孙河，亚马孙河长接近6 400千米…… 3．在那上面是阴暗森林地表厚实的落叶层。 4．尽管相当多的美洲豹在这里生存，但它们只是这个雨林食物链的一环。 5．一些人呼吁应用现代技术，另一些人呼吁改变生活方式。 6．随着人口的持续增长，我们对动物的影响也在不断增加。 7．我们一直在采取各种各样的措施，包括新科技手段的运用，来减少生产过程中产生的污染，尽管这些措施会增加我们的生产成本。 语篇词汇串记 　　Tom joined an environmental protection organization as a volunteer．Soon he was sent to work．After arriving at the South American continent，he started to study a variety of wildlife in some regions．He learned that there used to be masses of species there，but later many disappeared． Two factors led to the result．One was bad climate．The other was human beings．It was human activities that damaged the habitats of some animals．Besides，some farmers poisoned many animals while using chemicals．Some even tracked and killed animals to make a profit．In defence of the animals close to extinction，Tom determined to do something to prevent them from harming the animals．He gave out some brochures among the residents．Slowly，they realized what they did was wrong and had a bad impact on animals．In turn，they themselves also suffered a lot．To help local people get rid of poverty and this situation，he came up with some strategies．As a consequence，he earned all the residents' respect． [遮住左栏，忆加黑词汇] 汤姆作为一名志愿者加入了一个环境保护组织。不久，他就被派去工作了。到达南美洲大陆后，他开始研究一些地区的各种野生动植物。他了解到那里曾经有大量的物种，但后来许多都消失了。 有两个因素导致了这个结果。一个是恶劣的气候。另一个是人类。是人类的活动破坏了一些动物的栖息地。此外，一些农民在使用化学制品时毒死了许多动物。有些人甚至通过追踪和杀死动物来赚钱。为了保护这些濒临灭绝的动物，汤姆决定做点什么来防止他们伤害这些动物。他向居民们分发了一些小册子。慢慢地，他们意识到自己所做的是错的，对动物产生了不良影响。反过来，他们自己也遭受了很多痛苦。为了帮助当地人摆脱贫困和当前这种状况，他想出了一些策略。因此，他赢得了所有居民的尊重。 任务(二)　背诵过关测＋练 (一)单词过关测＋练 阅读单词知意 1．ecosystem　 　n．生态系统 2．biodiversity n．生物多样性 3．hardwood n．阔叶树；硬材(阔叶树的木材) 4．mammal n．哺乳动物 5．microorganism n．微生物 6．nutrient 　　n．营养素，营养物 7．brochure n．小册子 8．overseas adj．海外的，国外的 adv．在海外，向国外 9．species n．(pl．species)种，物种 10．habitat n．生活环境，栖息地 核心单词练通 1．branch 　n．(政府或机构)部门；分部；树枝；支流；分支 2．region n．地区，区域；行政区 3．policy n．政策，方针；原则 4．wildlife n．野生动植物，野生生物 5．beneath 　prep．在……下面，在……下方 6．impact n．影响，作用；冲撞 vi．& vt．有影响；冲击 7．resident n．居民，住户 8．protest vi．反对，抗议 vt．反对；坚持声称 n．抗议 结合语境拼写单词 9．To protect the environment，it is advocated that we recycle (再利用) everything recyclable in our daily life． 10．Being addicted to computers does great damage (损害) to teenagers in many ways． 11．The gold medal (奖牌) will be awarded to whoever wins the first place in the bicycle race． 12．Follow the track (轨道) of the vehicles，otherwise you will get lost． 13．One thing to remember is that it is the process (过程) not the end product that matters． 拓展单词悉变 1．agriculture n．农业，农学→agricultural adj．农业的 2．poison vt．污染；毒死，毒害 n．毒物，毒药→poisonous adj．有毒的 3．entire adj．完全的→entirely adv．完全地，全部地，完整地 4．harm n．& vt．伤害，损害→harmful adj．有害的→harmless adj．无害的 5．long adj．长的→length n．长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅，(电影)片长→lengthen vi．& vt．(使)变长 6．defend vi．& vt．防御；保护；保卫→defence n．辩护；防御，保护；防御物；国防；防守→defensive adj．防御性的；自我保护的 7．economy n．经济→economic adj．经济的，经济上的；可赚钱的→economical adj．经济的，实惠的；节俭的→economically adv．在经济上；经济地；节俭地 8．consequent adj．随之而来的→consequence n．结果，后果；重要性→consequently adv．结果 利用语境串记单词 9．There are various goods in the supermarket，and the prices vary from cents to dollars．The variety attracts many customers．(various) 10．Liu Li is a new graduate from Shandong University．She applied to a big company for a post last week．The interviewer said her application was the best among all the applicants．(apply) 11．Only two passengers survived the air crash．When the two survivors were interviewed，they said their survival was a wonder．(survive) 12．Many animals have disappeared during the long history of the earth and their disappearance affected the balance of ecosystem．(disappear) 13．Clone can be used to breed animal species which are endangered or extinct，and as a consequence，we needn't be worried about animals' extinction．(extinct) (二)短语过关测＋练 1．in turn 　　　　相应地，转而；轮流，依次 2．break down 使分解(为)，使变化(成)；出故障；垮掉；消除；失败 3．due to 由于，因为 4．build up 逐渐增加，扩大；创建 5．come up with 想出，想到 6．call for (公开)要求；需要 7．spring to mind 突然记起(或想到) 8．get rid of 摆脱，丢弃，扔掉 9．give rise to　　　　　使发生(或存在)；引起 10．play a role in．．． 在……中起重要作用；扮演重要角色 11．in length 在长度上 12．a variety of 各种各样的 13．be made up of 由……组成 14．sign up 报名 15．in defence of 保护；为……做解释或辩护 根据语境选词填空 16．We were downloading learning materials when our computer broke down． 17．Let's take the responsibility to build up a low­carbon city by riding bicycles． 18．As the quality of the city's air has given rise to concerns，the residents are forbidden to set off fireworks． 19．When discussing influential novelists，three names immediately spring to mind． 20．If you want to come up with new ideas，you need to feed your mind with good ideas． 21．Practicing yoga is a good way for you to get rid of your stress and find some inner peace． (三)句式迁移练 1．句式：while引导让步状语从句 尽管我们不能预测未来会发生什么，我们可以用决心和爱指引自己。 While we can't predict what will happen in the future，we can guide ourselves with determination and love． 2．句式：倍数关系表达法 我们学校最近修建了一个新图书馆，比原来的大三倍。 Our school has built a new library recently，which is three times larger than the previous one． 3．句式：even though引导让步状语从句 即使你不会成功，他们也会支持你的。 They will stand by you even if/though you don't succeed． Part 1　核心词句——学表达 harm n．& vt．伤害；损害→harmful adj．有害的→harmless adj．无害的；不致伤害的 【语境运用】　单句填空/完成句子/一句多译 ①(2023·全国乙卷)There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful (harm) gases． ②如今，违反交通规则和乱扔垃圾的现象很常见，对生活和环境造成了严重的危害。[应用文写作之倡议书] These days, breaking traffic rules and littering are common, causing serious harm to our life and the environment．(分词作状语) ③我们无法分辨真假，这对我们的学习和生活有害。 →We can't tell the difference between the true and the false, which is harmful to our study and life．(定语从句，harmful) →We can't tell the difference between the true and the false, harming our study and life．(分词作状语，harm) 【用法归纳】 ◎do/cause harm to sb＝do/cause sb harm 对某人造成损害/伤害 ◎There is no harm in doing sth 做某事没有害处 ◎be harmful to．．．对……有害 【写作语料】 ◎harm one's health/image/reputation 损害某人的健康/形象/名誉 ◎cause harm to one's physical health对某人的身体健康造成伤害 ◎exposure to harmful chemicals and substances接触有害化学品和物质 variety n．不同种类；变化；多样性；变种，变体→vary vi．(根据情况)变化；改变→various adj．各种不同的，各种各样的 【语境运用】　单句填空/完成句子 ①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)The colors of the leaves varied from vibrant yellows to deep reds, creating a stunning autumn palette． ②(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)I experimented with various (vary) techniques, from watercolors to charcoal, and discovered new ways to express myself． ③我喜欢这个城市，因为它提供了各种各样的活动，从户外运动到文化活动，应有尽有。 I love this city because it offers a wide variety of activities, varying from outdoor sports to cultural events．There's something for everyone． 【用法归纳】 ◎a variety of＝varieties of各种各样的 ◎vary from．．．to．．．从……变化到…… ◎vary in 在……方面有所不同 【写作语料】 ◎vary from person to person 因人而异 ◎arrange varieties of activities 安排各种各样的活动 ◎various forms of entertainment 各种形式的娱乐活动 survive vi．& vt．生存；存活；幸存；幸免于难；挺过(难关)；比……活得长→survivor n．幸存者→survival n．生存，存活；残存物，幸存事物 【语境运用】　单句填空/完成句子 ①The traveler trapped in the lonely island survived on the fish caught in the sea． ②生活不在于如何从暴风雨中幸存，而在于学会在雨中翩翩起舞。[读后续写之主旨升华] Life isn't about how to survive the storm while it's about learning to dance in the rain． ③(2022·全国甲卷)不可否认，没有海洋，包括人类在内的任何生物都无法生存。 There is no denying that without the oceans，no living things would survive，humans included． 【用法归纳】 ◎survive sth 幸免于；从……中活下来 ◎survive on靠……存活下来 ◎A survive B(by＋一段时间) A比B多活…… 【写作语料】 ◎survive the hard time度过这段困难的时光 ◎survive on limited resources 靠有限资源生存 application n．应用，运用；申请→apply vt．& vi．应用；申请；运用；涂；有关→applicant n．申请人 【语境运用】　单句填空/完成句子/语段填空 ①Applying (apply) yourself to your learning，you can make much more progress sooner or later． ②(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷) 我全身心投入到捕捉充满活力的色彩过程中，用花和树的元素完成了一幅画。 I really applied myself to capturing the vibrant colors，completing a painting of the flowers and trees． ③我写信向您申请你们昨天登广告的那个职位。如果我能得到这个职位，我将集中精力于这项工作。如果您能考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。[应用文写作之申请信] I am writing to apply to you for the post that you advertised yesterday．If I am accepted，I will apply myself to the job．I would appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration． 【用法归纳】 ◎apply (to sb) for sth (向某人)申请某物 ◎apply．．．to．．．把……应用于…… ◎apply oneself to致力于/集中精力于……(to为介词) 【写作语料】 ◎apply for the position of volunteer 申请志愿者的职位 ◎apply to be a volunteer申请成为一名志愿者 ◎submit the application by May 15 在5月15日前提交申请 defence n．辩护；防御；保护；防御物；国防；防守→defend vt．防御；保护，保卫；辩白；辩护→defensive adj．防御性的；自我保护的 【语境运用】　词义辨析/单句填空/一句多译 ①I have to say in her defence that she knew nothing about it beforehand．词义：辩护，辩解 ②Some people learn martial arts to strengthen their bodies or defend themselves against/from being bullied． ③那只狼紧紧地追在他后面，他下了自行车，拿起一根棍子保护自己。[读后续写之动作描写] →With the wolf running closely after him，he got off his bike and took up a stick in defense of himself．(defense) →With the wolf running closely after him，he got off his bike and defended himself with a stick．(defend) 【用法归纳】 ◎in defence of 保护……；保卫……；为……解释或辩护 ◎defend sb/sth from/against sb/(doing) sth 保护……免受……的伤害 【写作语料】 ◎in defence of animals close to extinction保护濒临灭绝的动物 ◎defend ourselves from/against being attacked保护自己不受攻击 ◎rush to defend his son like an arrow 像箭一样冲过去保护儿子 consequence n．结果；后果→consequent adj．随之发生的；作为结果的→consequently adv．因此；所以 【语境运用】　完成句子 ①由于暴雨的影响，河水泛滥，湍急的河水冲破了河堤。 As a consequence/result of the heavy rainfall, the river, swollen and turbulent, burst its banks． ②由于缺少政府的支持，这项计划很快就失败了。 The plan lacked support from the government．As a consequence/In consequence/As a result/Consequently，it broke down soon． ③经过几个月的刻苦学习，这个学生因此为期末考试做好了充分准备。 Having studied diligently for months, the student was consequently well­prepared for the final exam． 【用法归纳】 ◎as a consequence＝in consequence＝as a result＝consequently 因此；结果 ◎as a consequence of＝in consequence of 因为；由于 【写作语料】 ◎face/take/suffer the consequences承担后果；自食其果 ◎consequent changes/effects/problems随之而来的变化/影响/问题 in turn 相应地；转而；依次；轮流；反过来 【语境运用】　语段填空 在一个组织有序的课堂上，学生们轮流发表自己的想法，老师则相应地给出建设性的反馈。课堂上轮流进行热烈的讨论和安静的反思，营造出一个充满活力的学习环境。结果通常是，最有价值的见解往往来自这些协作交流。轮到每个人时，他们都在塑造整个班级的集体知识和成长方面发挥着至关重要的作用。 In a well­organized classroom, students ①take turns to present their ideas, and the teacher ②responds in turn with constructive feedback．③By turns, the class engages in lively discussions and quiet reflection, creating a dynamic learning environment．④It often turns out that the most valuable insights come from these collaborative exchanges．⑤In one's turn, each individual plays a crucial role in shaping the collective knowledge and growth of the class． 【用法归纳】 ◎in one's turn 轮到某人 ◎by turns 轮流；交替地 ◎take turns to do sth 轮流做某事 ◎It is one's turn to do sth 轮到某人做某事 ◎It turns out that．．．结果…… ◎sb/sth turns out to be/adj．/adv．结果…… 【写作语料】 (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)When it was my turn to receive the award, I walked to the podium with a touch of confidence． 当轮到我领奖时，我带着自信走上了领奖台。 come up with 想出，想到；拿出；提出 【语境运用】　语段填空 说到英语学习，我有以下实用的建议要分享。首先，当你遇到不熟悉的单词时，不要总是去查字典。此外，当在课堂上讨论老师问题的时候，你应该试着想出答案。最后，如果你没有回答上来，你必须对自己说：“加油！”[应用文写作之建议信] ①When it comes to English learning，I have the following practical suggestions to share．Firstly，when you ②come across unfamiliar words，don't always refer to the dictionary．Furthermore，when teachers' questions ③come up in class，you should try to ④come up with answers．Lastly，if you fail，you must say to yourself, “⑤Come on！” 【用法归纳】 ◎come across (偶然)遇见，碰见；被理解 ◎come on加油；到来；得了吧 ◎come up 破土而出；升起；发生；被提及；被讨论 ◎when it comes to．．．当谈及…… 【写作语料】 My heart began to race as this was the first time that I had come up with the idea to help a stranger．[读后续写之心理描写] 我的心开始狂跳，因为这是我第一次想到要帮助一个陌生人。 句式：“倍数关系”表达方式 【教材原句】　With an area of around 6 million square kilometres，the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China．亚马孙雨林面积约600万平方千米，相当于中国面积的一半以上。 ◎倍数＋as＋形容词/副词的原级＋as．．． ◎倍数＋形容词/副词的比较级＋than．．． ◎倍数＋the＋名词(size/length/height/depth/width．．．)＋of．．． ◎倍数＋what从句 【佳句背诵】　 The short film tells about the development of our school．Now our new school is three times as large as what it was ten years ago． ＝The short film tells about the development of our school．Now our new school is three times larger than what it was ten years ago． ＝The short film tells about the development of our school．Now our new school is three times the size of what it was ten years ago． 这部短片讲述了我们学校的发展。现在，我们新学校的面积是10年前的三倍大。 【仿写借鉴】 我的农场已经扩展成了一个大农场，是原来的3倍大。 ①My farm has expanded into a big one，which is three times as big as the previous one．(倍数＋as＋形容词/副词的原级＋as．．．) ②My farm has expanded into a big one，which is three times bigger than the previous one．(倍数＋形容词/副词的比较级＋than．．．) ③My farm has expanded into a big one，which is three times the size of the previous one．(倍数＋the＋名词＋of) Part 2　阅读词汇——善辨义 1．track A．vt．跟踪；追踪　B．n．小道　C．n．跑道　 D．n．足迹；踪迹 ①Being an athlete is very fun，painful and exciting．Every time I come to the track，I feel like I'm out of this place． C ②Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid­1980s． A ③The only means of access to the building is along a muddy track． B ④We saw wild animals' tracks near the cave．We guessed they may be deer's． D 2．belt A.n.地带，地区 B.n.腰带 C.n.传送带 ①Our roles in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt．Attach icing(糖霜) ears．Apply icing eyes and nose． C ②A belt of trees grows between the two fields，which looks beautiful． A ③I was upset that the belt I just bought couldn't meet round my waist． B 3．break down A.失败 B.消除 C.出故障 D.将……分成若干部分E.垮掉 ①Getting young people together will help to break down the barriers between them． B ②Let's break down the project into smaller parts in order to deal with the problems one by one． D ③Really，the truck my dad drove often broke down on the way，which made my dad in trouble． C ④You will break down if you take on more work than you can． E ⑤Peace talks between the two countries have broken down with no agreement reached． A 4．猜测句中加黑部分的词性和汉语意思 ①Brazil began importing soybeans(大豆) to process at home．vt．加工 ②Representatives of the other branches were against the new strategy．n．(政府或机构)部门 ③Actually，all the living languages experienced many changes and developments．adj．在使用的 巧借前缀micro­推测词义 前缀micro: 意为“微小的” 本单元：micro­(微小的)＋词根organism(有机体)→microorganism n．微生物 1．The microplastic particles in the ocean pose a serious threat to marine life． [词义]micro(微小的)＋plastic(塑料)→microplastic n．微塑料 2．The microbiologist studied the behavior of bacteria under different environmental conditions． [词义]micro(微小的)＋biologist(生物学家)→microbiologist n．微生物学家 3．The microchip in the device allows it to process data at incredible speeds． [词义]micro(微小的)＋chip(芯片)→microchip n．微芯片 4．The microprocessor is the brain of the computer, handling all its calculations and operations． [词义]micro(微小的)＋processor(处理器)→microprocessor n．微处理器 5．The microeconomics course focuses on the behavior of individuals and businesses in the market． [词义]micro(微小的)＋economics(经济学)→microeconomics n．微观经济学 6．The microgravity environment in space affects the way astronauts' bodies function． [词义]micro(微小的)＋gravity(重力)→microgravity n．微重力 单句语法填空 1．The topic he came up with at the meeting caused a heated discussion． 2．We should take some specific measures to defend the soil from being washed (wash) away． 3．The book's impact on/upon military strategies is the same as Art of War by Sun Zi． 4．If you want to make some achievements in literature，you must apply yourself to it． 5．Plenty of habitats of wild animals were destroyed．As a consequence，most of them disappeared． 6．Excellent performances on the stage call for confidence and unique professional skills． 7．The sports meeting，originally due to be held (hold) last Friday，was finally delayed because of the bad weather． 8．They are twin sisters．Lucy is generous，while her elder sister Lily is extremely mean． 9．Mr．Smith survived all her three sisters by eleven years． 10．In fact, it is human activities that have brought many animals close to extinction． (一)应用文写作[人与自然] 假定你是李华，你校将以“保护我们的家园——地球”为主题，举办英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿。 用本单元知识和右栏词块翻译句子 1．众所周知，大量的人类活动对我们的家园——地球造成了巨大的危害。(it作形式主语) It is well known that a great many human activities have done great harm to our home—the earth． 2．由于温室气体排放量的增加，地球的温度变得越来越高。 The temperature of the earth is becoming higher and higher as a consequence of the increasing emission of greenhouse gases． 3．更糟糕的是，由于气候变化和人类活动，一些物种正面临着灭绝的危险。 To make matters worse/What's worse，some species are in danger of extinction due to climate change as well as human activities． 4．所有这些反过来会对我们人类造成巨大的危害，如越来越多的自然灾害和罕见的疾病。 All of these in turn will do/cause damage to us human beings，such as more and more natural disasters and rare diseases． 5．是时候采取各种方法来保护地球免受污染了。[It's (high) time that．．．] It's (high) time that we took/should take various methods to protect the earth from pollution． 6．请牢记，重建我们绿色、清洁的地球需要我们每个人的努力和贡献。(keep in mind that．．．) Keep in mind that rebuilding our green and clean earth calls for everyone's efforts and contributions． [构建话题语义场] 1．人与自然的关系 ①conserve natural resources 保护自然资源 ②reduce carbon footprint 减少碳足迹 ③preserve biodiversity 保护生物多样性 ④raise awareness of environmental issues 提高对环境问题的认识 ⑤the increasing emission of greenhouse gases温室气体排放量的增加 ⑥be in danger of extinction面临着灭绝的危险 2．自然现象 ⑦experience natural disasters 经历自然灾害 ⑧observe wildlife in their habitat 在其栖息地观察野生动物 ⑨enjoy the beauty of landscapes 享受风景的美丽 study ecosystems 研究生态系统 3．人与自然的互动 ⑪engage in outdoor activities 参与户外活动 ⑫practice eco­friendly habits 养成环保习惯 ⑬participate in tree planting 参与植树活动 ⑭advocate for environmental protection 倡导环境保护 ⑮support renewable energy initiatives 支持可再生能源倡议 ⑯volunteer for environmental organizations 为环保组织志愿服务 ⑰find inspiration in natural surroundings 在自然环境中寻找灵感 ⑱rebuild our green and clean earth 重建我们绿色、清洁的地球 (二)读后续写[动物保护＋情感细节描写之同情与怜悯] Ⅰ．教材语料积累 词汇 [动作描写]　defence (AmE defense) n．辩护；防御，保护；防御物；国防；防守→defend vt．保护；防御；辩白　survive vi．生存，存活 vt．幸存，幸免于难　come up with想出，想到　call for(公开)要求；需要 spring to mind突然记起(或想到) [环境描写]　hardwood n．阔叶树；硬材(阔叶树的木材)　jaguar n．美洲豹，美洲虎　track n．足迹，踪迹；小道；轨道；跑道；路线　consequence n．结果，后果；重要性 佳句 1．At the bottom，there is a system of roots beneath the ground．(环境描写) 2．Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor．(环境描写) 3．The next level is made up of shorter plants with large leaves．Then there are the towering ancient hardwoods，and finally the tops of the tallest trees many metres above the ground．(环境描写) 4．Each level of the forest forms its own little world，home to different kinds of living things．(环境描写) 5．The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earth's oxygen．(环境描写) 6．When I first moved here，the air was fresh，the grass green and the water clear．(环境描写) 7．The smog in the air has coloured the sky a smoky grey; it's also given me a cough that I can't get rid of．(环境描写) 8．It's our duty to protect the environment while we aim for economic development．It's our duty to leave a better，cleaner and healthier planet to our children．It's our duty to build a human community with a shared future．(排比句式) Ⅱ．拓展语料背诵 单词 1．sympathy n．同情→sympathetic adj．同情的 2．pity n．同情，怜悯；仁慈 v．同情→pitiful adj．可怜的；充满同情或怜悯的 3．mercy n．宽容；怜悯→merciful adj．仁慈的，宽恕的→mercifully adv．幸运地；宽大地；仁慈地 4．supportive adj．支持的，拥护的 5．helpful adj．给予帮助的；有帮助的 6．gentle adj．温和的；轻柔的→gently adv．温柔地；轻轻地 7．sweet adj．温柔的，善良的 8．warm­hearted adj．热心的，富有同情心的，慈爱的 词块 1．take pity on sb/have mercy on sb怜悯某人 2．feel pity/sorry for同情 3．express sympathy表示同情 4．out of sympathy/pity出于同情 5．a surge of mercy sweeps over sb怜悯之情涌上某人心头 6．a wave of sympathy wells up in one's heart某人心中涌起了一股同情之情 7．lend a helping hand伸出援助之手，助一臂之力 8．look at the tiny creature with a sweet smile带着甜蜜的微笑看着这个小家伙 9．pat the little boy gently轻轻地拍了拍小男孩 10．be torn by sorrow and compassion承受悲伤和同情的折磨 11．his heart aches for the injured people 他为受伤的人而心痛 12．a random act of kindness不经意的善举 句型 1．His painful eyes seem to beg me for my sympathy，making me feel a surge of mercy sweeping over me． 他那双痛苦的眼睛似乎在乞求我的同情，让我感到怜悯之情涌上心头。 2．Seeing her condition，I immediately felt a huge sympathy for her，which was coming deep from within my heart．看到她的情况，我立刻对她产生了巨大的同情，这种同情来自我的内心深处。 3．Approaching the poor boy，she gathered him into her arms in sympathy． 她走近那个可怜的男孩，同情地把他抱在怀里。 4．At the sight of the scene，he felt a wave of sympathy welled up in his heart，his heart aching for the injured dog．看到这一幕，他心中涌起了一股同情之情，他为受伤的狗而心痛。(独立主格) 5．Franklin stood silently，torn by sorrow and compassion，weighing what to say． 富兰克林默默地站着，承受着悲伤和同情的折磨，考虑着该说些什么。 Ⅲ．语料综合运用 　　(2023·浙江1月卷读后续写改编)我被邀请去一个老朋友的农场。当我走过一个挤奶房时，一只拼命想从蜘蛛网中逃脱的蜂鸟引起了我的注意。她看着我的眼睛，她那双痛苦的眼睛似乎在乞求我的同情。看到她的情况，我立刻感到怜悯之情涌上心头。我轻轻地帮助她从网里面出来，把她放在我的手中。当我张开手时，那只鸟并没有想飞走，只是坐在我的手里，用她那明亮的眼睛看着我。我同情地轻轻拍了拍她。渐渐地，她恢复了体力，飞到我的面前。很长一段时间，这个小家伙看着我的眼睛，把头从一边转到另一边，好像在向我表达她的感激。就在那一刻，我突然意识到，一个不经意的善举就可以产生很大的影响。 　　I was invited to an old friend's farm．When I walked past a milking house，a hummingbird (蜂鸟) ①desperately trying to escape from (现在分词短语作定语) spiderwebs caught my attention．She looked at me into my eyes and her painful eyes seemed to ②beg me for my sympathy．Seeing her condition，I immediately felt ③a wave of sympathy welled up in my heart (无灵主语)．I gently helped her get out of the web，④putting her on my hand (现在分词短语作状语)．When I opened my hand，the bird made no attempt to fly away，but just sat in my hand looking at me with her bright eyes．I ⑤patted her gently in sympathy．Gradually，she regained her strength and ⑥flew in front of me．For a very long moment，this tiny creature looked into my eyes and turned her head from side to side，⑦as if expressing her gratitude to me (状语从句的省略)．Just at the moment，⑧it dawned on me that a random act of kindness can make a great difference． A卷 (时间：25分钟　满分：30分) Ⅰ．阅读理解(共7小题，每小题2．5分，共17．5分) A (2025·四川雅安教学质量检测)Wildlife conservation programs are a great way to get involved in the preservation of endangered species, as well as learn how you can help protect them．If you are a wildlife lover, here are some programs you can choose． ●Animal Rescue Project, South Africa You will be working with experienced conservationists in Cape Town．A significant challenge is to find new homes for homeless dogs and cats．The project comprises two sections: a fully equipped animal hospital and an adoption center focusing on securing new homes．Due to limited funding, the center can only afford a small number of permanent staff, relying heavily on wildlife lovers to assist with daily tasks and provide hands­on care for these animals． ●Sea Turtle Conservation Project, Sri Lanka Recent years have witnessed a significant decline in the sea turtle's numbers due to numerous commercial fishing．As a wildlife lover, your role extends to supporting hatcheries (孵化场) in their conservation efforts．Additionally, your involvement helps these hatcheries with funds, as we provide a placement fee for each wildlife lover, enabling them to generate additional income． ●Wildlife Conservation Program, Australia You will be engaged in activities such as animal feeding, cleaning, maintenance, and enrichment．This program provides an incredible opportunity to gain firsthand international work experience．For you, this program is an excellent choice．Not only will you contribute to a noble cause, but it also offers a fantastic opportunity to meet people from around the world． ●Marine Conservation Program, Bali You will be working in Tianyar, where the reef is now in a worsening state．The project was initiated to restore and conserve Tianyar's coral reef, not only to protect its remarkable and delicate ecosystems but also to secure a sustainable future for the residents． [语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。短文为野生动物爱好者提供了一些可供选择的濒危物种保护项目。 1．What problem does the adoption center meet with? A．Insufficient equipment． B．Insecure surroundings． C．Shortage of shelters． D．Lack of hands． D　[细节理解题。根据Animal Rescue Project, South Africa中的“Due to limited funding, the center can only afford a small number of permanent staff”可知，收养中心面临的问题是缺少员工。故选D项。] 2．Which program will offer financial assistance? A．Animal Rescue Project, South Africa． B．Sea Turtle Conservation Project, Sri Lanka． C．Wildlife Conservation Program, Australia． D．Marine Conservation Program, Bali． B　[细节理解题。根据Sea Turtle Conservation Project, Sri Lanka中的“Additionally, your involvement helps these hatcheries with funds, as we provide a placement fee for each wildlife lover, enabling them to generate additional income．”可知，Sea Turtle Conservation Project, Sri Lanka提供经济援助。故选B项。] 3．What is the main purpose of the text? A．To promote program cooperation． B．To advocate restoring ecosystems． C．To introduce endangered species protection． D．To encourage engagement in wildlife preservation． D　[写作意图题。根据第一段“Wildlife conservation programs are a great way to get involved in the preservation of endangered species, as well as learn how you can help protect them．If you are a wildlife lover, here are some programs you can choose．”可知，短文的目的是鼓励参与野生动物保护。故选D项。] B (2025·江西省新高三摸底考)Plants are known to respond to seasonal changes by budding (发芽), leafing, and flowering．As climate change stands to shift these so­called phenological (物候的) stages in the life cycle of plants, access to data about phenological changes—from many different locations and in different plants—can be used to draw conclusions about the actual consequences of climate change． However, conducting such analyses require a large amount of data and data collection of this scale would be unthinkable without the help of citizen scientists． “Mobile apps like Flora Incognita could help solve this issue．The app allows users to identify unknown wild plants within a matter of seconds．When I take a picture of a plant with the app, the observation is recorded with the exact location as well as a time stamp，” says the first author Karin Mora, a research fellow at Leipzig University． Although satellite data also records the phenology of entire ecosystems from above, they do not provide information about the processes taking place on the ground． The researchers developed an algorithm (算法) that draws on almost 10 million observations of nearly 3，000 plants species identified in Germany by users of Flora Incognita．The data show that each individual plant has its own cycle as to when it begins a flowering or growth phase．Furthermore, the scientists were able to show that group behaviour arises from the behaviour of individuals．From this, they were able to conclude ecological patterns and investigate how these change with the seasons．For example, ecosystems by rivers differ from those in the mountains, where phenological events start later． It is known that climate change is causing seasonal shifts—for example, spring is arriving earlier and earlier．How this affects the relationship between plants and pollinating insects and therefore, potentially also food security, is still being subject to further research．The new algorithm can now be used to better analyse the effects of these changes on the plant world． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。一个研究小组开发了一种算法，这种算法可以分析来自Flora Incognita应用程序的观测数据，以判断气候变化对植物的影响。 4．What is the significance of data about phenological changes? A．It can serve as the indicator of weather． B．It can help people to select the best seeds． C．It can show the actual effects of climate change． D．It can be used to change the life cycle of plants． C　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“As climate change stands to shift these so­called phenological (物候的) stages in the life cycle of plants, access to data about phenological changes—from many different locations and in different plants—can be used to draw conclusions about the actual consequences of climate change．”可知，物候变化数据的意义在于它能反映气候变化的实际影响。故选C项。] 5．What does the underlined part “this issue” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Collecting data． B．Sorting out species． C．Identifying plants． D．Checking climate change． A　[词句猜测题。根据第二段“However, conducting such analyses require a large amount of data and data collection of this scale would be unthinkable without the help of citizen scientists．”和画线部分的上文“像Flora Incognita这样的移动应用程序可以帮助解决”可知，文中先提到需要收集大规模的数据，然后提到如Flora Incognita这样的移动应用程序可以帮助解决，由此可知，程序解决的是收集数据的问题，画线部分指代的是收集数据。故选A项。] 6．What conclusion did researchers draw using the new algorithm? A．Spring is becoming longer and longer． B．All plants have their own growth cycle． C．Group behaviour affects individual behaviour． D．Ecological patterns in different areas are similar． B　[细节理解题。根据第五段中“The data show that each individual plant has its own cycle as to when it begins a flowering or growth phase．”可知，研究人员利用新算法得出的结论是，所有植物都有自己的生长周期。故选B项。] 7．What is the passage mainly about? A．How citizen scientists use mobile apps to collect data． B．How climate change is affecting the growth of plants． C．How a plant app helps identify the impact of climate change． D．How Flora Incognita allows users to identify unknown wild plants． C　[主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第五段中“The researchers developed an algorithm (算法) that draws on almost 10 million observations of nearly 3，000 plants species identified in Germany by users of Flora Incognita．”可知，本文主要介绍了研究人员利用新开发的算法分析来自Flora Incognita应用程序中的观测数据，以判断气候变化对植物的影响。故选C项。] Ⅱ．阅读七选五(共5小题，每小题2．5分，共12．5分) (2025·安徽皖南八校联考)For many of us, pets are an important part of our family．1( ) Here are four things you should do to make sure your pet is ready for air travel． Make sure your pet is vaccinated．2( ) But almost every destination requires pets like dogs and cats to have a vaccination．And the vaccination must usually be within less than a year．Be sure to talk to your vet about what other vaccinations your pet might need for your destination． Find out if your pet needs to be microchipped．Many places require pet dogs and cats to be microchipped．The chip is about the size of a grain of rice, and is placed under the skin between the animal's shoulders．3( ) Get your pet comfortable with their carrier．Your pet will probably have to travel in a box or carrier while in the air．You should get them used to this environment before you fly, putting them in it regularly．4( ) Try putting the carrier in your car to get your pet used to the feeling of traveling in it． 5( ) So they don't need to go to the bathroom too much．Pet product company Chewy recommends not feeding your dog or cat for 4－6 hours before flying．This will also help make them less likely to throw up if they get motion sickness． A．Avoid feeding your pet before flying． B．Find ways to keep your pets off sickness． C．Every country has its own rules for visiting animals． D．Thus give them time to fall asleep there if possible． E．And we certainly don't want to leave them behind when travelling． F．It isn't easy for pets to get used to their new environment in the air． G．If your pet gets lost, this microchip can be scanned to find your contact information． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了携带宠物航空出行需要注意的一些事项。 1．E　[根据上文可知，宠物对一个家庭来说很重要，并结合下文说明要携带宠物旅行。故E项“我们当然不想在旅行时把它们落下。”引出下文携带宠物出行需要注意的事项。故选E项。] 2．C　[根据上文“Make sure your pet is vaccinated．”及下文“But almost every destination requires pets like dogs and cats to have a vaccination．”可知，每个国家对外来宠物都有一定的要求。C项“每个国家对外来动物都有自己的规定。”与后文构成转折，虽然每个国家对外来动物都有自己的规定，但在接种疫苗方面的要求是一致的。故选C项。] 3．G　[根据上文可知，宠物狗和猫需要植入芯片。G项“如果你的宠物迷路了，可以通过扫描这个微芯片找到你的联系信息。”承接上文，说明植入芯片的好处。故选G项。] 4．D　[上文说明在飞行前应该让宠物熟悉待在航空箱的感觉。D项“因此，如果可能的话，让它们有时间在那里入睡。”进一步说明如何让宠物熟悉这种环境。故选D项。] 5．A　[本段主要介绍避免在乘坐飞机前给自己的宠物喂食。A项“避免在飞行前给宠物喂食。”符合语境。故选A项。] B卷 (时间：30分钟　满分：40分) Ⅰ．阅读理解(共4小题，每小题2．5分，共10分) (2025·广东六校二联)Researchers at the University of Exeter in England have crafted a device that employs artificial intelligence (AI) to detect Asian wasps(黄蜂)．AI refers to the capability of computers to learn from experiences and execute tasks swiftly that would typically require a significant time investment from humans． Asian wasps are considered an invasive species, indicating that they are not native to the UK and can disrupt our ecosystem—the environment and its living organisms．These wasps feed on local insects and pose a significant threat to honeybees with a single wasp capable of killing up to 50 honeybees in a day． The innovative system, named VespAI, uses a sponge cloth soaked with a liquid that attracts wasps．Once the wasps are drawn in, an automatic camera takes pictures of them．The AI then analyzes the photos to determine whether the insect is an Asian wasp or a European wasp, which is a native species． If an Asian wasp is spotted, a notification is sent right away to the researcher's phone or computer．VespAI acts as an early­warning system, allowing for the detection of any Asian wasps that may have entered a new area of the UK．Its high precision helps authorities respond quickly to follow the wasps, find their nests, and get rid of them before they can reproduce． There is growing concern among experts that Asian wasps may have made a lasting home in the UK rather than being merely transient or accidental arrivals．Currently, the UK's way of dealing with Asian wasps depends on people seeing them, recognizing them, and reporting them．However, many of these reports turn out to be other kinds of insects． Dr．Thomas O'Shea­Wheller, who worked on VespAI, said this new system won't mistake other insects for Asian wasps or miss them when they come around．VespAI has been tested on the island of Jersey and will be tried in other places this year． [语篇解读]本文是说明文。研究人员发明了一款利用人工智能检测亚洲黄蜂的新设备VespAI，该设备可以快速而精准地检测到入侵物种亚洲黄蜂，从而保护当地的生态系统。 1．What does Paragraph 3 mainly focus on? A．VespAI's design and operation． B．The effectiveness of wasp traps． C．VespAI's influence on the ecosystem． D．Traditional wasp detecting methods． A　[段落大意题。第三段讲VespAI使用被浸泡了吸引黄蜂液体的海绵布。一旦黄蜂被吸引来，一台自动相机就会给它们拍照。然后，人工智能分析照片，确定昆虫是亚洲黄蜂还是本土物种欧洲黄蜂。由此可知，本段主要介绍了VespAI 的设计和操作。] 2．What does the underlined word “transient” mean in Paragraph 5? A．Widespread． B．Temporary． C．Frequent． D．Dangerous． B　[词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“rather than”可知，画线词与上文的 lasting“持久的”意思相反；再结合画线词后的“or accidental”可知，画线词与accidental“偶然的”的意思相近。故画线词的含义应与B项“短暂的”意思最为接近。] 3．Which statement would Dr．Thomas probably agree with? A．VespAI will help manage wasp invasions． B．VespAI requires constant human inspection． C．The current reporting system is highly effective． D．The current methods fail to identify Asian wasps． A　[推理判断题。根据题干中的Dr．Thomas将答案定位在最后一段。Dr．Thomas说VespAI不会把其他昆虫误认为是亚洲黄蜂，也不会在它们来的时候错过它们。由此可知，Dr．Thomas 认为VespAI可以有效帮助检测入侵物种亚洲黄蜂，从而抵御其入侵。故选A。B项“VespAI需要持续的人工检查”；C项“目前的报告制度非常有效”；D项“目前的方法无法识别亚洲黄蜂”。] 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．AI Disrupts the Survival of Insects B．The Threat of Asian Wasps to Bees C．AI Technology Boosts Wasp Detection D．The Impact of AI on Insect Identification C　[标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段第一句话“Researchers．．．have crafted a device that employs artificial intelligence (AI) to detect Asian wasps(黄蜂)”可知，本文主要介绍了研究人员发明了一款利用人工智能检测入侵物种亚洲黄蜂的新设备VespAI，故C项“人工智能技术提高黄蜂检测能力”最适合作本文标题。A项“人工智能扰乱昆虫的生存”；B项“亚洲黄蜂对蜜蜂的威胁”；D项“人工智能对昆虫识别的影响”。] Ⅱ．完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) (2025·武汉高三调研)In February Chen Qiqi was riding (乘车) on a field trip, seeking interesting plants in South China's Hainan Province．Suddenly, she 1 and gave other passengers a shock． As the car pulled over, she jumped off and 2 to the plant．Chen 3 the plant at close quarters, while taking pictures and shooting it from various angles．“It was Entada phaseoloides (榼藤) and I couldn't wait to share it with my 4 ，” she says． She applied for studies of 5 protection at college in 2015．The college study has given her 6 knowledge of plants and the plant­hunting 7 has made her have a good 8 of the natural world．These led to her option of becoming a teacher at a(n) 9 education institute after graduation． However, an unexpected thing interrupted her plan so she couldn't 10 with it．Instead, she picked up skills of video shooting, which 11 her to be a plant video blogger．Her short videos cover a 12 range of plants, including red spider lilies, box beans and air plants, etc．In Chen's 13 on social media, over 100 videos explaining varieties of plants have earned her almost 1 million followers． “I feel proud and my job is 14 when people say they know about some plants because of me．”As for her future plans, Chen says she 15 to carry on exploring the world of plants． [语篇解读]本文是记叙文。文章以博主陈奇奇在海南寻找榼藤的经历引入话题，介绍了她如何走上植物科普这条道路、取得的成绩以及未来的计划等。 1．A．hesitated B．screamed C．stopped D．collapsed B　[根据下文中的“As the car pulled over, she jumped off”可以看出，她非常激动。再结合空后的“gave other passengers a shock”和选项可知，她激动地尖叫(screamed)了起来，这也吓到了别的乘客。hesitate“犹豫，踌躇，迟疑”；collapse“倒坍，坍塌”。] 2．A．drove B．walked C．rolled D．rushed D　[根据空前的“As the car pulled over, she jumped off”可以看出，她非常激动。因此，车一停下她就跳了下来，冲向(rushed)了榼藤。roll“(使)翻滚，滚动”。] 3．A．cut B．smelt C．removed D．observed D　[根据下文中的“at close quarters, while taking pictures and shooting it from various angles”可知，她近距离地观察(observed)这株植物并拍照。] 4．A．audience B．students C．passengers D．staff A　[根据下文中的“a plant video blogger”可知，她是植物视频博主，故此处表示她迫不及待地想要和自己的观众(audience)分享自己的发现。staff“全体职员，员工”。] 5．A．plant B．community C．food D．animal A　[根据下文中的“The college study has given her 6 knowledge of plants”可知，她在大学学习植物(plant)保护。本空也可以结合全文的话题去判断，通篇讲的都是与植物相关的话题，由此可见，主人公陈奇奇很可能具有植物学习的经历。community “社区，社会”。] 6．A．formal B．previous C．systematic D．abstract C　[根据上文可知，她在大学学习植物保护。根据常识可知，大学的专业学习会让她具备系统化的(systematic)植物知识。formal“正式的；规范的”；previous“先前的；以往的”；abstract “抽象的”。] 7．A．choice B．degree C．experience D．requirement C　[结合上文可知，陈奇奇在寻找植物并很有收获。由此可见，寻找植物的经历(experience)让她对自然世界有更好的掌握(command)。choice“选择”；degree“度；学位”；requirement“要求，必要条件”。] 8．A．taste B．command C．view D．comment B　[参见第7题解析。have a good command of “精通；对……掌握熟练”。view“观点；视野”；comment“议论；评论”。] 9．A．nature B．health C．life D．environment A　[根据上文中的“The college study has given her 6 knowledge of plants．．．have a good 8 of the natural world”可知，这样的经历让她在毕业后选择成为一所自然(nature)教育学院的老师。] 10．A．conflict B．proceed C．compare D．end B　[根据上文中的“an unexpected thing interrupted her plan”和下文中的“Instead, she picked up skills of video shooting”可知，她不能继续(proceed)从事教师职业。proceed with sth固定搭配，意为“继续做某事(或从事、进行)”。conflict“冲突；争执；争论”；compare“比较；对比”。] 11．A．forbade B．reminded C．enabled D．forced C　[根据空前的“she picked up skills of video shooting”和空后的“to be a plant video blogger”可知，她学会拍摄视频的技巧，这使得她能够(enabled)成为一名植物视频博主。forbid“禁止；不准”；remind“提醒；使想起”；force“强迫，迫使(某人做某事)”。] 12．A．narrow B．new C．superb D．diverse D　[根据空后的“including red spider lilies, box beans and air plants, etc”可知，她的视频包括各种各样的(diverse)植物。narrow“狭窄的；窄小的”；superb“极佳的；卓越的；质量极高的”。] 13．A．account B．idea C．profile D．setting A　[根据空后的“over 100 videos”和“earned her almost 1 million followers”可知，此处讲的是她社交媒体账号(account)上的情况。profile“概述；简介；形象”；setting“环境；背景”。] 14．A．amusing B．valuable C．challenging D．practical B　[根据空后的“when people say they know about some plants because of me”可知，当人们说他们因为她了解了一些植物时，陈奇奇感到自豪，觉得自己的工作有价值(valuable)。amusing“有乐趣的；好笑的”；challenging“有挑战性的；考验能力的”；practical“真实的，实际的；切实可行的”。] 15．A．pretends B．manages C．longs D．ceases C　[结合空前的“her future plans”和空后的“carry on exploring the world of plants”可知，关于未来的计划，陈奇奇渴望(longs)继续探索植物世界。pretend“假装”；cease“终止，结束”。] Ⅲ．语法填空(共10个空，每空1．5分，共15分) (2025·浙江省新阵地教育联盟高三第一次联考)The Atbai Desert, a part of the Sahara Desert, is one of the 1 (dry) places on Earth, with a sandy and barren landscape that averages almost zero millimeters of rainfall each year．So, archaeologists were surprised when they discovered rock art showing boats and cattle in an area 2 is 60 miles away from the closest body of water． “It was surprising to find cattle 3 (carve) on desert rock walls as they require plenty of water and wide­open grassland, and would not survive in Sahara today，” said Julien Cooper, an archaeologist from Macquarie University．“The discovery of boat 4 (image) in the rock art this distant from lakes and rivers was also surprising．” Archaeologists believe the discovery provides clear evidence supporting the theory of 5 once “Green Sahara” around 3，000 B．C．E．During this period, the area was a grassy plain with lakes and rivers 6 (sustain) a variety of wildlife and human activities such as cattle herding．However, changes in African monsoon(季风)patterns transformed the Sahara 7 the barren desert we see today．8 (current), only hardy animals like camels and goats can survive there． The rock art's detailed carvings suggest that the creators spent plenty of time in the area further indicating that the region 9 (be) once supportive of human life．As the climate grew unforgiving many residents were forced to migrate closer to the Nile, contributing to the formation of early urban states and culture in Egypt and Nubia．The discovery offers valuable insight into the changes that 10 (occur) in the Sahara over the past thousands of years． [语篇解读]本文是说明文。本文主要介绍了在Atbai沙漠里发现的岩画上有船和牛的图像，这为研究撒哈拉沙漠千百年来的发展和演变提供了宝贵见解。 1．driest　[考查形容词最高级。此处考查固定表达“one of the＋形容词最高级＋可数名词复数”，意为“最……的……之一”，故填driest。句意：Atbai沙漠是撒哈拉沙漠的一部分，是地球上最干旱的地方之一，一派沙漠荒凉景象，平均年降雨量几乎为零毫米。] 2．that/which　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句。先行词是表示物的名词area，从句中缺少主语，所以空处需要填that/which。句意：因此，当考古学家在距离最近水域60英里的地方发现有船只和牛的岩画时，他们感到惊讶。] 3．carved　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语动词是was，空处在句中作非谓语，修饰空前的名词cattle，二者之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故填过去分词形式carved。句意：麦考瑞大学的考古学家Julien Cooper说，“在沙漠岩壁上发现牛的雕刻(图像)令人惊讶，因为它们需要大量的水和广阔的草地，而它们在今天的撒哈拉是无法生存的”。] 4．images　[考查名词复数。根据第一段中的“discovered rock art showing boats and cattle”可知，岩画上有一些船的图像，空处没有冠词修饰，表示泛指，因此这里应该是复数概念，故填images。句意：在如此远离湖泊和河流的地方发现船只图像的岩画也同样令人惊讶。] 5．a　[考查冠词。空处修饰名词“Green Sahara”，表示泛指，且空后once的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。句意：考古学家认为，这一发现为公元前3 000年左右曾经有一个“绿色撒哈拉”的理论提供了明确的证据。] 6．sustaining　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处考查with的复合结构，sustain作宾语补足语，与宾语“lakes and rivers”之间形成了主动关系，故填sustaining。句意：这一时期，该地区曾是一片有湖泊和河流的草原，维系着各种野生动物和人类活动，如牧牛。] 7．into　[考查介词。根据空前的“transformed the Sahara”和空后的“the barren desert”可知，此处是说把撒哈拉转变成了现在我们看到的一片荒漠。transform．．．into．．．意为“将……转化为……”，故填into。句意：然而，非洲季风模式的变化使撒哈拉变成了我们今天所见的荒漠。] 8．Currently　[考查副词。分析句子结构可知，此处考查副词修饰整个句子，空处位于句首，首字母大写，故填Currently。句意：目前，只有像骆驼和山羊这样的耐旱动物能够在那里生存。] 9．was　[考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作宾语从句的谓语，根据从句中的once可知，此处描述过去的情况，时态用一般过去时，从句主语the region是第三人称单数，故填was。句意：岩画中细致的雕刻图案表明创作者在这一地区花费了大量时间，这进一步表明该地区曾经支持人类生活。] 10．have occurred　[考查动词的时态和主谓一致。空前的that引导定语从句，修饰先行词changes，空处作定语从句的谓语动词。根据时间状语“over the past thousands of years”可知，从句时态用现在完成时。故填have occurred。句意：这一发现为过去数千年撒哈拉发生的变化提供了宝贵的见解。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $