专题05 阅读理解之记叙文（复习讲义）（全国通用）2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

专题 阅读理解之记叙文 目 录 01·考情剖析·命题前瞻 2 02·时空导航·网络构建 3 03·题型通关·靶向突破 4 考点一 题型破解 4 文体特点 通过生动的事例来反映生活和作者的思想感情 选项规律 干扰项特征：以偏概全、过度推断、偷换概念、无中生有、主观臆断、浮于表面 考点二 解题要点 5 题型 1. 细节理解题 2. 推理判断题 3. 观点态度类题型 4. 写作意图类题型 5. 词义猜测题 6. 主旨大意题 04·优题精选·练能提分 10 题型 考查形式 2025年在各地中考卷中所占比重 阅读理解之记叙文 ☑选择题 □非选择题 在阅读理解部分（通常为3-4篇），记叙文至少占1篇。部分地区会达到2篇。其分值约占阅读总分的25%-40%，占全卷总分比重约10%-15%。 考情分析 (一) 命题特点分析 选材主题鲜明，突出“立德树人” 1.主题分布：素材集中于个人成长经历（克服困难、学习新技能）、亲情友情（理解与陪伴）、社会善意（陌生人之间的帮助）、文化自信（传承传统文化）以及人与社会/自然的思考。 2.价值导向：文章普遍蕴含积极向上的价值观，如坚持、勇气、诚实、宽容、责任感，引导学生形成正确的价值观和人生观。 能力考查全面，聚焦“高阶思维” 1.文本语言地道，强调“语境理解”。文章多源于英文原版材料的改编，语言生动、自然，包含丰富的对话和心理描写。 2.对长难句的理解能力要求提高，句子结构更为复杂。 (二) 命题思路总结 1.设题位置规律：题目顺序通常与故事发展顺序（自然顺序）一致，有助于学生定位信息。 选项设置技巧： 细节理解题：不再“直来直往”，常需进行同义转述或对多处信息进行简单归纳。 推理判断题：成为绝对主力题型。考查对人物动机、情感变化、事件因果、言外之意的深层推断。 词义猜测题：紧密结合故事情节，考查通过上下文逻辑线索推断生词或短语含义的能力。 主旨大意题：要求准确概括故事核心思想或选择最佳标题，干扰项常为细节性信息或过于宽泛的表述。 作者意图/观点态度题：考查学生是否能跳出故事本身，洞察作者讲述此故事的目的（如：分享一个教训、赞扬一种品质）或其对事件/人物的态度。 2.命题核心思维：命题的底层逻辑是测试学生是否真正“读懂”了故事，而不仅仅是“看到”了文字。重点在于理解故事的情感脉络、因果链条和核心价值。 命题预测 (一) 主题预测 科技与人情：讲述青少年如何平衡数字生活与现实交往，或利用科技解决现实问题、传递温暖的故事。 文化传承与创新：关于青少年体验、学习并创新性传承非物质文化遗产（如剪纸、戏曲、节庆）的故事。 心理健康与韧性：围绕如何面对压力、焦虑、失败，并最终培养成长型思维和心理韧性的叙事。 生态环保意识：通过个人或集体的具体行动，体现青少年对环境问题的关注和责任的故事。 跨文化理解与交流：中国学生与外国友人的交往故事，或在海外经历文化冲突与融合的故事。 (二) 题型预测 推理判断题将继续保持其核心地位和最高出题频率，且设问角度将更细腻。 词义猜测题的考查将更侧重对“熟词生义”和特定语境下短语含义的理解。 段落目的/结构题可能会增多，考查学生对段落功能（如：引入背景、推动情节、抒发情感）的理解。 综合性与开放性：可能出现需要综合全文多个信息点才能解答的题目，对学生的整体把握能力要求更高。 考点一 题型破解 1、 文体特点 1. 命题分布 记叙文是中考阅读的“必考题”，分值比重：约占阅读理解总分的25%-40%，是阅读部分的得分基石与拉分关键。题量通常为1-2篇，题数为3-8小题。其命题分布遵循以下规律： 题型频率（由高到低）： 推理判断题：核心题型，几乎必考2-3题。考查对人物情感、动机、事件因果、言外之意的理解。 细节理解题：稳定出现1-2题。但多为“转述型”细节，而非直接查找。 主旨大意题：常见，通常为最后1题。考查对故事主题、标题或作者写作目的的理解。 词义猜测题：高频出现1题。考查通过上下文推断生词或代词含义的能力。 2. 难度分析 记叙文的难度体现在“看似简单，陷阱深藏”。 词汇和句型大多在考纲范围内，故事背景贴近生活，学生基本能读懂字面意思。但深层理解难： 信息定位难：答案往往不直接给出，需要联系前后文，进行信息整合与推断。 情感把握难：人物的情感和态度很少直说，需要通过对话、动作、心理描写来推断。 选项干扰强：错误选项设计精巧，极具迷惑性，容易让理解流于表面的学生“踩坑”。 2、 选项规律 规律一：正确选项的“两大特征” 同义转述 这是正确选项最常见的形式。它不会直接抄袭原文，而是用不同的词语或句式表达相同的意思。 合理概括 针对主旨题或推理题，正确选项能基于全文信息，做出逻辑严谨的概括或推断。 规律二：干扰选项的“四大陷阱” 无中生有 选项中的信息在原文完全找不到依据，但本身看似合理。 破解：牢记“答案源于文本”。遇到任何选项，必须回原文找到支持或反对的证据。 偷换概念 使用原文中的关键词，但扭曲了其逻辑关系、主语、宾语或时间状态。 破解：紧盯“谁，做了什么，对谁，在何时”。注意选项的主语、谓语、宾语是否与原文一致。 以偏概全 将文章中的某个次要细节、个别例子或片面观点，放大为全文主旨或整体情况。 破解：主旨题要通盘考虑，尤其关注文章的开头、结尾和反复出现的核心词。 过度推断 推断方向正确，但程度过深、过于绝对或超出了原文的支撑范围。 破解：推断必须基于原文“线索”，做到“有理有据”，切忌凭空想象。警惕含有绝对化词汇（如must, never, all, completely）的选项。 考点二 解题要点 一、细节理解题 1. 解题步骤 审题干，定关键词：快速阅读题干，圈定人名、地名、时间、数字等关键信息。 回原文，精准定位：带着关键词回到原文，找到与之对应的句子或段落。 比选项，找同义转述：将原文信息与选项进行比对，正确答案通常是原文的同义转述。 2. 解题原则 答案必有据：答案必须能在原文中找到直接或间接的依据。 警惕原词重现：包含原文原词的选项可能是陷阱，需特别小心 3. 高频考点 事件发生的时间、地点、原因、方式。人物做了什么事。事件的具体经过。 4. 题型与考查角度 考查学生对文章具体信息的查找、识别和理解能力。 【典例】【2025年重庆卷】 What was the writer's main job in the community garden project at the beginning? A. Designing the garden layout. B. Planting flowers and vegetables. C. Watering the plants and cleaning the area. D. Communicating with the community. 原文片段：When I first joined the community garden project, I was given the most basic tasks. My main job was to water the young plants every evening and to keep the area clean by pulling out weeds and picking up any litter. It wasn't the most exciting work, but I understood it was important. At the beginning, I wasn't involved in the more creative parts, like designing the layout or choosing which flowers and vegetables to plant. Those decisions were made by a small team of more experienced members. My role was all about the daily care and maintenance. 【解析】 解题时，你需要根据题干关键词"main job"和"at the beginning"定位到原文相关段落。正确选项C往往是原文信息的同义转述，比如原文是"was responsible for daily watering and keeping the garden tidy"。而其他选项可能是利用文中出现的词汇（如"designing", "planting"）设置的干扰项。 二、推理判断题 推理判断题是中考阅读理解试题中的重要题型之一, 包括推理和判断两个方面，是区分度最高的题型。考查考生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思，进行逻辑推理，对文章的细节、作者的态度、意图作出正确推理判断的能力。分析真题可知，推断题呈不断上升的趋势，且由过去简单的对号入座直接答题转向通过语句的同义或反义词及长难句来考查考生对语言的理解能力，难度比之前有所增加。 1. 高频考点：1. 推断人物的真实感受、动机或性格特征。 2. 推断事件的因果关系或可能的发展。 3. 推断故事的隐含意义或结局。 2. 解题步骤 定位信息源：找到题干涉及的相关段落或句子。 读懂字里行间：分析上下文逻辑关系，关注人物的动作、语言、心理描写。 合理推断：基于原文信息，进行一步逻辑上的延伸和推断，得出言外之意。 3. 解题原则 立足原文，推断一步：推断必须基于原文，不能无中生有，也不能过度推断。 事实与观点分离：区分文中客观描述的事实和作者或人物主观的观点态度。 【典例】What can we infer about the writer from the last paragraph? A. He will give up writing in the future. B. He has realized the positive power of writing. C. He thinks writing is only useful for professionals. D. He finds writing makes him more stressed. 原文片段： "I looked at the pages I had filled. The words, once a tangled mess in my mind, now lay clear and calm on paper. The anxiety that had felt so heavy began to loosen its grip. I hadn't just written down my thoughts; I had written my way to a sense of peace. It was then I understood that this tool was not for creating masterpieces, but for making sense of myself. I knew I would keep this practice, for it had become my anchor." 【解析】 最后一段包含了多个直接支持选项B的关键证据： “The anxiety that had felt so heavy began to loosen its grip.” （那曾无比沉重的焦虑感开始松动。）—— 这句话表明写作带来了直接的积极效果：缓解了焦虑。 “I had written my way to a sense of peace.” （我是通过书写找到了内心的平静。）—— 这是一个非常强有力的陈述，直接将“写作”这一行为与“获得内心平静”这一积极结果联系起来。 “I knew I would keep this practice, for it had become my anchor.” （我知道我会继续这个习惯，因为它已成为了我的支柱。）—— “支柱”这个比喻说明写作对作者至关重要，具有强大的支撑力量。他决定继续下去，证明他体验到了其好处。 这些句子共同构成了一个清晰的逻辑链：写作 → 缓解焦虑、带来平静 → 成为生活支柱。这完美地诠释了“意识到了写作的积极力量”。故选B。 三、观点态度类题型 1. 题型与考查角度 考查学生对情感态度词汇的敏感度和对文本情感的把握能力。 2.解题步骤 明确对象：看清题目问的是作者的态度还是文中人物的态度。 寻找情感词：圈出能体现态度、情感的形容词、副词、动词等。 综合判断：结合人物的言行和故事情节，进行综合判断。 3.解题原则 紧扣文本：态度必须源于文本证据，不能凭个人常识判断。 注意褒贬色彩：区分积极、消极或中立态度。 4.高频考点 （1）作者或人物对某人、某事的看法。 （2）故事中人物的情感变化。 【典例】【2025年广东卷】How did the boy feel about his finished bookshelf? A. Ashamed of its imperfections. B. Proud of his own work. C. Grateful for others' help. D. Curious about better designs. 原文片段：Finally, after days of sawing, hammering, and sanding, the bookshelf was complete. It wasn't perfect—one leg was slightly shorter, making it wobble, and there were a few scratches on the surface. The boy stepped back and looked at his work. A wide smile spread across his face. A wave of pride washed over him.This was something he had built with his own two hands. He couldn't wait to show his family and fill the shelves with his favorite books. 【解析】 原文中直接的情感词，如"a wave of pride washed over him"（一股自豪感涌上心头），直接表明了人物的情感。因此，正确答案B就是原文核心情感词的同义转述。 四、写作意图类题型 1. 题型与考查角度 考查学生对文章整体功能和作者写作目的的概括能力。 2. 解题步骤 整体把握：通读全文，理解文章主要内容。 思考目的：问自己“作者为什么要写这个故事？他想告诉读者什么？” 选择答案：选项通常是动词短语，如 to share.../ to encourage.../ to explain...等。 3. 解题原则 高于细节：写作意图是文章的灵魂，需跳出细节，从整体把握。 紧扣主旨：写作意图与文章主旨大意紧密相关。 4. 高频考点 作者希望通过故事传达的道理、鼓励的精神或分享的经历。 【典例】 原文片段： （2025·山西·中考真题）Bell used to work as a children’s bookseller and helped young people of all ages find their perfect books ...... Bell says science also comes from human curiosity (好奇心) and imagination, which are similar to the hope that creates magic in the story. She hopes her books can encourage young readers to learn more about science. What is Bell’s purpose of writing the two magic books? A．To open the door to the magic world for readers. B．To guide readers to enjoy magic and value science. C．To tell readers science is the most important school subject. 【解析】根据第一段“…helped young people of all ages find their perfect books.”和最后一段“She hopes her books can encourage young readers to learn more about science.”可知Bell写这两本魔法书的目的是引导读者享受魔法并重视科学。故选B。 五、词义猜测题 1. 题型和考查角度： 考查学生利用语境线索理解和推断词义的能力。 2. 解题技巧 定位生词：找到生词或短语在文中的位置。 分析语境：仔细阅读生词所在句子及前后句，寻找定义、举例、对比、因果等逻辑线索。 代入验证：将猜测的含义代入原文，看是否通畅。 3. 猜测划线单词意思 （1）根据定义 有时作者会通过给词汇下定义来帮助读者理解该词的基本含义，如线索词that is, or, namely, in other words, that is to say, to be more exact, to put it another way, which is等。 （2）根据举例 有时，划线部分后会根由一些具体的例子，这些例子可以帮助考试理解该词的词义。线索词such as, such...as, for example, for instance, like , including, especially等。 （3）根据对比关系或转折关系 表达对比或转折关系的词需注意but, yet, however, while, unlike, instead, similarly, on the contrary, in contrast to等。 （4）根据同义词或并列结构 在同一句、同一段或同一篇文章中，作者为了避免语言的单调和重复，会使用意思相同或相近的词，此时，只要知道其中一个词的意思，就能猜出另一个词的意思。 （5）根据构词法 英语中的很多词汇，尤其是不断出现的新词大多是通过构词法生成的，因此，掌握主要的构词法有助于猜测词义。 （6）根据因果关系 因果关系时一种常见的提供生词词义信息的逻辑关系。根据线索词as, since, because, for , so, therefore, due to, result in, as a result, for this reason, so...that, such...that等可知上下句存在因果，从而依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。 4. 猜测划线代词意思 定关键：返回原文，找到指代词，理清句子结构。 找替代：根据上下文，寻找复合逻辑关系的名词、代词、短语或句子等。 再核对：比较选项，找出与符合逻辑的选项。 一般来说，it/this/that指代一件事； it/he/them/they/one/those指代上文提到的人或事。 6.解题原则： 词不离句：任何词义都依赖于具体的语境。 逻辑为王：依靠上下文的逻辑关系是猜词的根本。 【典例】【2025年日照卷】The word "perseverance" in Paragraph 3 most probably means "______". A. continuous effort despite difficulties B. natural talent C. good luck D. strict training 原文片段：Paragraph 3: Faced with these setbacks, Xiao Ming felt discouraged. However, his teacher patted him on the shoulder and said, "The key to success is not just intelligence, but perseverance. You must be willing to learn from each failure and try again." Inspired by these words, Xiao Ming did not give up. He spent the next two weeks in the lab every afternoon, carefully analyzing what went wrong, adjusting his designs, and testing new materials. Through sheer determination and continuous effort, he finally built a working model. 【解析】 根据上下文，这个男孩在遇到困难时没有放弃，而是坚持练习。这种在困境中“持续努力”的状态就是对"perseverance"（毅力）最准确的解释。解题时，你需要分析上下文逻辑，并将选项代入原文验证。 六、主旨大意题型 1. 题型和考查角度 概括能力：能否用简洁的语言概括出“文章主要讲了什么”。 归纳能力：能否识别并整合文章各部分的要点，提炼出共同指向的中心。 抽象思维能力：能否透过具体的事件、人物行为，看到其背后蕴含的深层意义、情感或道理。 2. 选项特征 准确识别选项特征是快速排除干扰项的关键。 （1）正确选项特征： 概括性：能够覆盖全文或绝大部分段落的核心内容，具有“高度概括、不偏不倚”的特点。 针对性：紧密围绕本文的核心话题和中心思想，不空泛。 深刻性：对于记叙文，正确选项往往不止于事件本身，而能体现故事背后的情感、成长、道理或启示。 （2）干扰选项特征： 以偏概全：将文章中的某个次要细节或局部信息放大为全文主旨。 【示例】文章主要讲一次失败的实验如何让“我”学会了坚持，干扰项设为“The passage describes a science experiment in detail.”（只提及实验，未涉及核心的“成长”）。 范围过大：选项内容过于宽泛，超出了本文讨论的范围。 【示例】文章讲一次具体的社区清洁活动，干扰项设为“The importance of protecting the environment.”（环保重要性范围太大，本文只是其中一个具体事例）。 范围过小/张冠李戴：选项是文中提到的信息，但只是某个段落或某个人物的观点，不能代表全文主旨。 无中生有：选项内容在原文中完全找不到依据，或与原文内容相悖。 3. 主题句在文中的位置 主题句是文章或段落中心思想的直接体现。找到主题句，解题就成功了一半。 常见位置： 段首：最为常见。文章或段落的开头直接点明中心。 段尾：先叙述，后总结，在结尾处画龙点睛，引出主旨。 首尾呼应：开头提出主题，结尾再次强调或深化主题。 无显性主题句：记叙文，尤其是故事性强的，常常没有直接的主题句。这时需要自行概括。 【示例】【2025年真题模拟】 原文结尾段："That day at the animal shelter, I didn't just gain a pet; I learned that true companionship is about patience, understanding, and a willingness to open your heart. It was a lesson I would carry far beyond those walls." 分析：此结尾段即为全文的主题句。它清楚地表明，文章的主旨不是“领养宠物”这个事件本身，而是通过这个事件学到的“关于陪伴的人生道理”。 4. 中考记叙文常考标题归纳题型 最佳标题是文章主旨的“精炼版”，应具备以下三大特征： （1）概括——准确而又简短; （2）针对性——标题外延正好与文章内容相符; （3）题目——能引发读者的阅读欲望。 解题方法 串连要素法：通读全文后，在心中或用笔简要串联故事的主要人物、核心事件和最终结果/启示。 寻找复现词：注意在文章中反复出现的关键名词、动词或短语，它们往往是核心话题。 把握情感基调：记叙文的标题常带有一定的情感色彩或哲理意味。是温暖、励志、遗憾还是引人深思？ 逆向检验法：假想自己以这个选项为标题来写文章，看其是否能够涵盖本文的全部核心内容。 【典例】【2025年重庆卷】What is the best title for the passage? A. The Life of a Face-changing Performer. B. An Introduction to Chuan Opera. C. Face-changing: The Magic and Culture of Chuan Opera. D. How to Learn Face-changing Skills. 原文片段： "Face-changing, the most magical and symbolic art form, lies at the very heart of Chuan Opera, captivating audiences not just with its speed but with its deep cultural stories." 【解析】 文章不仅介绍了变脸技艺本身，更着重于其背后蕴含的巴蜀文化内涵以及现代表演艺术的创新价值。因此，C选项全面涵盖了“技艺”（Magic）和“文化”（Culture）两个核心层面。而A、B、D选项都只涉及了文章的某一个侧面。 Passage 1 （2025·辽宁盘锦·二模）Are there any environmental problems in your city? What causes them? Are there ways to stop them? One winter morning, Tapiwa Chiwewe was driving to work in Johannesburg, South Africa. He noticed a haze (薄雾) hanging over the city and it didn’t take long for him to realize that it was a huge cloud of air pollution. At that moment, Chiwewe felt it necessary to do something about it, but didn’t know what. He was a computer engineer and knew little about environmental science. He first did research on air pollution and found that it is the world’s biggest environmental health risk. He decided to work on it in a cooperative (合作的) way. He talked to scientists, officials, and engineers who helped him develop a deeper understanding of the situation, as well as an idea to improve it. Through years of work, Chiwewe and his co-workers from South Africa and China created an online air quality decision support system. Based on historical and real-time data, the system can predict air pollution and air quality, which can help people make better decisions about their daily movements, as well as help officials better manage their operations. Chiwewe learned an important lesson — a lesson we all need to take into heart if we are to work towards a better future. “Even if you’re not an expert in a particular field, your outside expertise (专业知识) may hold the key to solving problems within that field,” he said. What if Chiwewe hadn’t researched the problem and do something about it? What if he had just hoped that someone, somewhere, was taking care of the matter? As Chiwewe said, “Why not just go ahead and deal with the problem as well as you can, in your own way? You may be pleasantly surprised.” 1．Tapiwa Chiwewe worked in ________. A．China B．America C．South Africa D．Japan 2．What was Tapiwa Chiwewe’s job? A．He was a teacher. B．He was a computer engineer. C．He was a doctor. D．He was a scientist. 3．Chiwewe found that ________ is the world’s biggest environmental health risk. A．water pollution B．land pollution C．air pollution D．light pollution 4．What can we know from the passage? A．Chiwewe is a person with a sense of social responsibility. B．Chiwewe knew more about environmental science. C．Chiwewe worked on air pollution by himself. D．The system can reduce air pollution. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文主要讲述塔皮瓦·奇威韦在南非约翰内斯堡意识到空气污染问题。他和他的南非及中国同事们创建了一个在线空气质量决策支持系统，他鼓励人们主动解决问题，可能会有意想不到的收获。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Tapiwa Chiwewe was driving to work in Johannesburg, South Africa.”可知，他在南非工作，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“He was a computer engineer ...”可知，他是电脑工程师，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“He first did research on air pollution and found that it is the world’s biggest environmental health risk.”中的“it”指代前文的空气污染，故选C。 4．推理判断题。Chiwewe关注空气污染并采取行动，体现他有社会责任感，故选A。 Passage 2 （2025·宁夏吴忠·二模）Yang Zhiyang, a 23-year-old boy, has inspired many young people as he works full-time to take care of his mother, who has ALS (渐冻症). Yang’s mother had the disease in 2012. Yang, then 10, took care of his mother. Because of the disease, his mother needs help with almost everything. She needs to be carried up and down the stairs. She also has difficulty in speaking. She can still type on her mobile phone, but most of the time, she chooses to communicate with her son in another way. “My mother and I use eyes for most of our communication,” Yang says. “For example, when she wants to sleep, she uses her eyes to show that she is tired, and she turns her head towards the bedroom. And when she needs water, she will look at the water cup on the table.” For many things, Yang has to be very careful, including helping her mother bathe and use the toilet. Though the work is difficult, Yang enjoys all the time he spends with his mother. He will be around her every time she exercises. To make it more fun, he often sings to her. “People with ALS are easily tired and often stop exercising. I want to find ways to help her do more training,” Yang says. Yang’s love for his mother has touched many people. But Yang says it’s only natural that he should take care of his mother. “My mother raised me. I’m just doing what a son should do,” he says. 5．What can we know about Yang’s mother from paragraph 2? A．She is very tired and wants to give up. B．She almost can’t do anything by herself. C．She has no problem speaking with her son. D．She always uses her mobile phone to communicate. 6．How do Yang and his mother mostly communicate with each other? A．By writing on the paper. B．By making phone calls. C．By using eyes to communicate. D．By typing on the computer. 7．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 4 refer to? A．Bathing. B．Sleeping. C．Drinking water. D．Doing exercise. 8．The writer writes the passage to ________. A．describe a medical problem B．show how to fight with ALS C．tell the story of a boy and his mother D．ask readers to care about people with ALS 【答案】5．B 6．C 7．D 8．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了23岁的杨志洋因母亲2012年患渐冻症，自10岁起便全职照顾母亲，母亲几乎事事需协助，二人多靠眼神交流，杨志洋精心照料母亲，陪其锻炼还唱歌增添乐趣，他认为照顾母亲是儿子应做之事，其事迹感动众人 。 5．细节理解题。根据“Because of the disease, his mother needs help with almost everything.”可知，他的母亲几乎什么事都不能自己做。故选B。 6．细节理解题。根据“My mother and I use eyes for most of our communication”可知，杨志洋和他妈妈主要用眼神交流。故选C。 7．词义猜测题。根据“He will be around her every time she exercises. To make it more fun, he often sings to her.”可知，此处表示为了让锻炼变得更有趣，他经常唱歌给她听，因此“it”指的是“做锻炼” 。故选D。 8．写作意图题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了23岁的杨志洋全职照顾患渐冻症的母亲的故事，所以作者写这篇文章是为了讲述一个男孩和他母亲的故事。故选C。 Passage 3 （2025·安徽黄山·二模）When I became a junior, I decided to take Latin (拉丁文) at school. I was so excited and really expected to learn it well. However, the Latin class turned out to be quite boring. Each day, Mr Keady, the teacher, would ask us to open our books and read aloud the Latin forms of words. This was the way he taught us every day. That was until one afternoon when, once again, we were asked to open our books, and I decided to speak up. When Mr Keady asked what was wrong, I explained why I found his class boring, how I had expected more, and that his teaching method seemed old-fashioned. When I finished speaking, I expected Mr Keady to angrily send me to the head teacher. To my surprise, he sat at his desk quietly, looking disappointed and tired. After a moment of silence, Mr Keady spoke. He quietly said that he would think carefully about what I had said. And that was it. In the following weeks, the Latin class didn’t become the exciting learning environment I had hoped for, but Mr Keady did try harder to interest us in his classes. Maybe some people would praise what I did, but even so many years later, I feel bad about it. If I saw him now, I would tell him how much I regretted what I’d done that day in class. I would also tell him that he taught me a wonderful lesson that day. Following my unkind words, Mr Keady showed me that being wounded doesn’t mean you have to give away your dignity (尊严), and that no one—no one—can take it away from you. 9．How did the Latin class turn out for the writer? A．Exciting. B．Boring. C．Challenging. D．Fashionable. 10．What did Keady do after the writer talked to him? A．He got angry and told the head teacher. B．He said nothing until the class ended. C．He looked sad and thought about it. D．He promised to improve his teaching. 11．How does the writer feel about the event now? A．Disappointed at the changes. B．Happy to get praised. C．Wounded by the teacher. D．Regretful about what was said. 12．What lesson did the writer learn from the experience? A．One can always hold onto their dignity. B．Unkind words can sometimes work. C．Honest communication is important. D．Don’t try to teach teachers lessons. 【答案】9．B 10．C 11．D 12．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者上学时的一段经历及感悟。 9．细节理解题。根据“However, the Latin class turned out to be quite boring.”可知，作者一开始期待学好，但实际课程枯燥，每天只是重复朗读单词的拉丁语形式。故选B。 10．细节理解题。根据“I expected Mr Keady to angrily send me to the head teacher.  To my surprise, he sat at his desk quietly, looking disappointed and tired...He quietly said that he would think carefully about what I had said. And that was it.”可知，Mr Keady安静坐着，显得失望和疲惫，沉默片刻后说会仔细考虑作者的话。故选C。 11．细节理解题。根据“but even so many years later, I feel bad about it. If I saw him now, I would tell him how much I regretted what I’d done that day in class.”可知，多年后，作者感到后悔，想道歉。故选D。 12．细节理解题。根据“Mr Keady showed me that being wounded doesn’t mean you have to give away your dignity (尊严), and that no one—no one—can take it away from you.”可知，老师教作者，受伤时不必放弃尊严，无人能夺走尊严。故选A。 Passage 4 （2025·江西宜春·一模）Shi Ming leads an interesting life. By day, she is a gentle traditional Chinese medicine doctor. She helps her patients relax and feel better at a hospital in Kunming. But when she steps into the MMA ring (综合格斗擂台), she changes into a fighter. Shi’s journey of martial arts (武术) began at the age of 13. She started learning taekwondo because she thought the uniforms and kicks were cool. Later, she came across MMA while studying in college. The sport caught her interest, and she trained even harder. Her hard work paid off when she entered the “Road to UFC” competition and won. This victory earned her a place in the UFC’s strawweight division (草量级), where she now competes with well-known fighters like Zhang Weili. Even though Shi is smaller than many of her opponents, she is not afraid. Her coach, Bagher Amanolahi, has helped her develop the right plans and skills over six years of nonstop training. This training gave her the confidence to win, and it surprised many people when she achieved such success, including her parents who were amazed by her MMA performance in Macau and proud of her achievements. Shi is set on continuing her journey in MMA．She wants to win a world championship and she is ready to put her medical career on hold to reach this goal. She knows that with hard work and the right mindset, she can succeed. “A lot of friends worry about me in the Octagon, because I am small, even for this division, and I have bad eyesight,” said Shi, who has to wear glasses when she’s not fighting. “But in the Octagon, I am the boss. I decide how the match is going to go and how the fight is going to be.” 13．What does Shi Ming do in the daytime? A．A doctor. B．A patient. C．A fighter. D．A nurse. 14．What does the underlined word “opponents” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Coaches. B．Competitors. C．Patients. D．Friends. 15．Put the events about Shi Ming into the correct order according to the passage. a. She first showed interest in MMA． b. She began to learn taekwondo. c. Her MMA performance in Macao surprised her parents. d. She entered the “Road to UFC” competition and won. e. She is set on continuing her MMA journey to win a world championship. A．b-a-d-c-e B．c-b-a-e-d C．c-b-d-a-e D．c-b-a-c-d 16．What would be the best title for the passage? A．A Day in the Hospital B．A Young Martial Arts Fan C．From Doctor to Fighter D．The Challenges of Being an MMA Fighter 17．What is Shi Ming like according to the passage? A．Polite, talented and humorous. B．Quiet, smart and honest. C．Creative, caring and friendly. D．Brave, hard-working and confident. 【答案】13．A 14．B 15．A 16．C 17．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了施茗白天是昆明一家医院的温柔中医师，晚上则变身综合格斗擂台上的战士。她13岁开始学习跆拳道，后来在大学接触到综合格斗并产生浓厚兴趣，通过不懈努力在“Road to UFC”比赛中获胜，进入UFC草量级比赛。尽管体型小于对手，但她凭借六年不懈训练和教练的指导，在擂台上展现出自信与实力，令父母惊叹。她决心继续格斗生涯，目标是赢得世界冠军。 13．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“By day, she is a gentle traditional Chinese medicine doctor.”可知，施茗白天是一名中医医生。故选A。 14．词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“Even though Shi is smaller than many of her opponents, she is not afraid.”以及后文提到她在综合格斗比赛中与知名选手竞争，可以推断“opponents”意为“对手，竞争者”。故选B。 15．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Shi’s journey of martial arts (武术) began at the age of 13. She started learning taekwondo because she thought the uniforms and kicks were cool.”可知，她先开始学习跆拳道，即b；根据“Later, she came across MMA while studying in college. The sport caught her interest”可知，后来她对MMA产生兴趣，即a；根据“Her hard work paid off when she entered the ‘Road to UFC’ competition and won.”可知，之后她进入“Road to UFC”比赛并获胜，即d；根据第三段“it surprised many people when she achieved such success, including her parents who were amazed by her MMA performance in Macau”可知，她在澳门的MMA表现让父母很惊讶，即c；根据第四段“Shi is set on continuing her journey in MMA. She wants to win a world championship”可知，最后她决心继续MMA之旅，赢得世界冠军，即e。所以正确的顺序是b-a-d-c-e。故选A。 16．最佳标题题。根据文章第一段“By day, she is a gentle traditional Chinese medicine doctor. She helps her patients relax and feel better at a hospital in Kunming. But when she steps into the MMA ring (综合格斗擂台), she changes into a fighter.”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了施茗从中医医生到综合格斗战士的转变，所以最佳标题是“From Doctor to Fighter”。故选C。 17．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Even though Shi is smaller than many of her opponents, she is not afraid.”可知，施茗虽然比很多对手小，但她不害怕，说明她很勇敢；根据第二段“Her hard work paid off when she entered the ‘Road to UFC’ competition and won.”可知，她通过努力训练在比赛中获胜，说明她很勤奋；根据第三段“This training gave her the confidence to win”可知，训练给了她获胜的信心，说明她很自信。所以施茗是勇敢、勤奋和自信的。故选D。 Passage 5 （2025·江西赣州·一模）Poyang Lake, China’s largest wintering area for migratory (迁徙的) birds, welcomes hundreds of thousands of seasonal visitors each year. Li Chunru, a 78-year-old man from Dongzili village in Jiangxi, China, has been taking care of injured birds there for over 40 years. One stormy day in 1982, Li found many fallen bird nests with chicks struggling on the ground. He took about 500 injured (受伤的) chicks home. Though he was only a farmer at the time, he had the experience of learning at a local medical school in Jiujiang. With the knowledge, he was able to save about 300 of them. It made Li love protecting birds. In 2012, he bought an old house for 30,000 yuan and spent about 100,000 yuan on renovations (翻新). Then he made it into a help center for migratory birds. Li’s efforts to protect birds, however, have also left him with a few scars (伤疤) and stories. He was hurt by poachers (偷猎者) twice and bitten by a dangerous snake. He said he couldn’t remember how many times he had fallen over and hurt himself while walking around to save the birds. But Li never thought of giving up. Today, Poyang Lake is much cleaner and greener. Each year, about 750,000 migratory birds visit the lake. “I’m more than happy to spend the rest of my life protecting these beautiful migratory birds”, said Li. 18．When did Li Chunru start to love protecting birds? A．In 1946. B．In 1982. C．In 1998. D．In 2012. 19．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．The experience of finding many fallen birds. B．The experience of learning at a local medical school. C．The experience of saving injured chicks. D．The experience of setting up a help center for birds. 20．Which of the following can best describe Li Chunru? A．Kind and helpful. B．Strict but brave. C．Young and famous. D．Shy but friendly. 21．According to the last paragraph, it is clear that ________. A．Poyang Lake is much bigger and more beautiful B．There are many injured birds in Poyang Lake C．Li Chunru is too old to protect migratory birds D．Li Chunru is still working for protecting migratory birds 22．What’s the best title of this passage? A．Poyang Lake, a Good Place for Birds. B．A Doctor for Migratory Birds on Poyang Lake. C．A Lifelong Protector for the Migratory Birds on Poyang Lake. D．The Importance of Protecting Migratory Birds on Poyang Lake. 【答案】18．B 19．C 20．A 21．D 22．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了鄱阳湖义务候鸟养护员李春如竭尽全力拯救候鸟的故事。 18．细节理解题。根据“One stormy day in 1982, Li found many fallen bird nests with chicks struggling on the ground. He took about 500 injured (受伤的) chicks home.”可知，他的护鸟行动是在1982年开始。故选B。 19．词句猜测题。根据画线词前的“He took about 500 injured (受伤的) chicks home…With the knowledge, he was able to save about 300 of them.”可知，前文提到了他救助了雏鸟，因此“it”指的就是“救助受伤雏鸟的这段经历”。故选C。 20．推理判断题。根据“He took about 500 injured (受伤的) chicks home.”以及“In 2012, he bought an old house for 30,000 yuan and spent about 100,000 yuan on renovations (翻新). Then he made it into a help center for migratory birds.”可知，李春如发现受伤鸟类会带回家治疗，并自费改建房屋做救护中心，由此可见他心地善良并乐于助人。故选A。 21．推理判断题。根据“I’m more than happy to spend the rest of my life protecting these beautiful migratory birds”可知，最后一段写道李春如表示“很乐意用余生来保护这些候鸟”，说明他至今仍在从事保护候鸟的工作。故选D。 22．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章重点是介绍李春如毕生保护鄱阳湖候鸟的义举，选项C最能点明主题。故选C。 Passage 6 （2025·四川雅安·一模）Once, a father and his son went to a kite flying festival. The son was very excited to see all the colorful kites in the sky and asked his father to buy him one. To make him happy, the father went to a nearby shop at the park and bought one The son started flying his kite excitedly. Soon it reached high up in the sky. After some time, the son thought to himself. “It seems like the string is stopping the kite from flying higher. If I break it, the kite will be free to fly even higher.” So he asked his father for a small knife and cut the string. Without the string, the kite did go a little bit higher. However, it soon started to come down and landed on a tall tree. The son was sad. He expected that the kite would fly higher after he cut the string, not fall down. He turned to his father for an explanation. “Well, the string wasn’t holding the kite down. It was actually helping it stay up when the wind was calm and guiding it in the right direction when the wind picked up,” the father explained. “When we cut the string, the kite lost that support and fell down. Similarly, in life, we may feel that limits, like rules or hard tasks, are holding us back, but they are actually guiding us in the right direction.” 23．What’s the feeling of the son when he saw the kites? A．Excited. B．Bored. C．Interested. D．Unhappy. 24．Why did the son cut the string? A．Because it’s interesting. B．Because he wanted to make the kite fly higher. C．Because he didn’t want to fly the kite. D．Because he wanted to let the kite fly away. 25．What happened to the kite without the string? A．It come down at once. B．It flew higher and higher. C．It landed on a tall tree immediately. D．It flew a little higher, then it started to come down. 26．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 4 refer to? A．the string B．the kite C．the tree D．the knife 27．What’s the writer’s purpose of writing this passage? A．To ask people to cut the string. B．To teach people to fly kite higher. C．To show people the importance of limits. D．To guide people to the right direction. 【答案】23．A 24．B 25．D 26．B 27．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了一位父亲和儿子一起去参加风筝节的故事。儿子认为线阻碍了风筝飞得更高，但当线被弄断了之后，风筝最后掉到了地上。这个故事告诉我们有时候我们认为一些事阻碍了我们的发展，但实际上这些也可能是支持我们的东西。 23．细节理解题。根据“The son was very excited to see all the colorful kites in the sky and asked his father to buy him one.”可知，儿子感到很兴奋，故选A。 24．细节理解题。根据“It seems like the string is stopping the kite from flying higher. If I break it, the kite will be free to fly even higher.”可知，因为他想让风筝飞得更高，故选B。 25．细节理解题。根据“Without the string, the kite did go a little bit higher. However, it soon started to come down and landed on a tall tree.”可知，没有那根绳子，风筝确实飞得更高了一些。然而，它很快就开始往下坠落，并最终落在了一棵高大的树上，故选D。 26．词义猜测题。根据“It was actually helping it stay up when the wind was calm and guiding it in the right direction when the wind picked up”可知，风力增强，风筝线引导风筝飞向正确的方向，所以it指代“the kite”，故选B。 27．主旨大意题。根据“Similarly, in life, we may feel that limits, like rules or hard tasks, are holding us back, but they are actually guiding us in the right direction.”可知，作者想通过放风筝的故事告诉读者：在生活中，我们可能会觉得限制（比如规则或艰巨的任务）在阻碍我们前进，但实际上它们是在引领我们朝着正确的方向前行，也就是为了向人们展示限制的重要性，故选C。 Passage 7 （2025·浙江丽水·一模）Last summer, my friend Dan and I went to the town of Buñol in Spain to take part in La Tomatina. We had a/an ▲ tomato fight there! The celebrations started a week before the main event. There were food stalls, music, parades (游行) and other activities. But we only joined in the day of the fight. It was Wednesday, August 28. We arrived in the town at 9 a.m. in old clothes. Everyone was excitedly waiting for the tomato fight to begin. Some brave people tried to climb a greasy pole (涂了油的杆子). If someone could get the ham at the top, the fight would start early. The rest of us watched and sang songs to encourage them. But the pole was so slippery (滑溜溜的) that no one could get more than halfway up. Finally, the fight started at 11 a.m. Dan and I put on our goggles (护目镜) to protect our eyes. A few huge trucks slowly drove down the streets. People inside the trucks threw tomatoes out toward the crowd. Then, the trucks turned over their boxes and poured all the tomatoes onto the street. We picked them up and threw them here and there. The next hour was a total mess. Tomatoes were everywhere! They were in the air, in our hair, all around our feet and down our clothes... The fight went on for an hour. After that, the local workers hosed (用水管冲洗) us down to wash off most of the tomatoes. Dan and I kept laughing and talking about the fight. It was one of the most fun experiences I’ve ever had in my life! 28．Which word can be put in the blank in the first paragraph? A．dangerous B．exciting C．awful D．delicious 29．Which of the following is the right order according to the passage? a. Big trucks drove down the streets b. Some people climbed a pole. c. Workers washed off the tomatoes.     d. People threw tomatoes everywhere. A．d-a-c-b B．a-c-d-b C．c-d-a-b D．b-a-d-c 30．Which picture can best describe the main event of La Tomatina in Spain? A． B． C． D． 31．What can we infer according to the passage? A．The writer will go to Spain again next year. B．People can have lots of fun in La Tomatina. C．People in Spain like eating tomatoes very much. D．The writer thinks people couldn’t fight in the street. 【答案】28．B 29．D 30．A 31．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和朋友丹去年夏天前往西班牙布尼奥尔镇参加“番茄大战 (La Tomatina)”的经历：从活动前的准备、番茄大战的过程 (爬油杆、卡车运番茄、互相投掷)，到战后的冲洗，最后表达了“这是人生中最有趣的经历之一”的感受，展现了番茄大战的欢乐与热闹。 28．推理判断题。根据第三段“Everyone was excitedly waiting”、最后一段“Dan and I kept laughing”以及文章最后“It was one of the most fun experiences I’ve ever had in my life!”等多处描述，可以推断出这次番茄大战是“令人兴奋的”。故选B。 29．细节理解题。根据第三段“Some brave people tried to climb a greasy pole.”可知，一些人爬油杆 (b)；根据第四段“A few huge trucks slowly drove down the streets.”可知，大卡车沿街行驶 (a)；根据第四段“We picked them up and threw them here and there.”可知，人们到处扔番茄 (d)；再根据最后一段“After that, the local workers hosed us down to wash off most of the tomatoes.”可知，工人冲洗番茄 (c)。因此，事件的正确顺序是：b-a-d-c。故选D。 30．推理判断题。番茄大战核心：人们互相投掷番茄、场面热闹混乱，选项A图描述符合番茄大战场景；其他选项，B图：西班牙斗牛，非番茄大战；C图：舞蹈，非番茄大战；D 图：足球比赛，非番茄大战。故选A。 31．推理判断题。作者详细描述了过程的兴奋，并总结为“one of the most fun experiences”，由此可以合理推断出这个节日能给人带来很多乐趣。故选B。 Passage 8 （2025·江西吉安·二模）Lila was a 14-year-old girl who loved painting. Her dream was to win the school art competition. Every day after school, she painted the ocean—her favorite: waves (浪) crashing against rocks. One morning, Lila fell off her bike and hurt her right arm. The doctor said she couldn’t hold a paintbrush for three months. “The competition is in two months!” she cried, looking at her blank canvas (油画布). That afternoon, Mr. Chen, an old painter who lived next door, visited. “I broke my wrist (腕) once too,” he said, showing her a sunflower painting he made with his left hand. “Art isn’t about which hand you use—it’s about wanting to create.” Lila took his advice and tried painting with her left hand. At first, her lines were shaky (不稳的) and colors were mixed messy. But she practiced daily, even when her arm hurt. Mr. Chen helped her, and soon her paintings got better. Two weeks before the competition, Lila painted the ocean again. This time, she added a small boat in the waves, like herself fighting through hard times. The painting wasn’t perfect, but it showed a stormy sea with a boat moving forward. On competition day, Lila handed in her painting. A week later, she won second place! The judge wrote, “Your art shows courage and the will to keep trying.” After that, Lila started a class for kids who had trouble painting. She taught them to use their left hands or other ways. “Art is for everyone,” she said. “It’s not about how you paint, but how much you try.” Years later, Lila became a famous artist. Her studio (工作室) always had a sign: “Every try brings you closer.” 32．What’s the theme of the passage? A．Courage. B．Science. C．Prediction. D．Health. 33．How did Mr. Chen encourage Lila after she hurt her arm? A．He gave her a new paintbrush. B．He told her to give up the competition. C．He helped her practice painting every day. D．He shared his own story of painting with his left hand. 34．What did Lila’s competition painting show? A．A great calm beach at sunset. B．A sunflower in a beautiful garden. C．A girl riding a bike carefully. D．A boat moving through stormy waves. 35．Put the events into the correct order according to the passage. a. Lila started a class for kids. b. Lila fell and hurt her arm. c. Lila won second place in the competition. d. Mr. Chen shared his painting experience. A．d-b-a-c. B．b-d-c-a. C．b-a-d-c. D．d-c-b-a. 36．What is the main idea of this passage? A．My bike accident is terrible. B．How I won the art competition. C．A story of painting with courage. D．Mr. Chen and his sunflower. 【答案】32．A 33．D 34．D 35．B 36．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了14岁女孩Lila在手臂受伤后，通过邻居画家Chen先生的鼓励，用左手坚持绘画并最终在比赛中获奖的故事，传递了“艺术重在尝试与勇气”的主题。 32．主旨大意题。通读全文并根据“Art isn’t about which hand you use—it’s about wanting to create.”和“It’s not about how you paint, but how much you try.”可知，全文围绕Lila克服手臂受伤的困难，用左手坚持绘画并获奖的经历展开，强调“勇气与尝试”的意义。文章的主题是勇气。故选A。 33．细节理解题。根据“Mr. Chen, an old painter who lives next door, visited. ‘I broke my wrist (腕) once too,’ he said, showing her a sunflower painting he made with his left hand. ‘Art isn’t about which hand you use—it’s about wanting to create.’”可知，陈先生向她展示了自己用左手画的向日葵并分享自己的经历，即他通过自身经历鼓励Lila。故选D。 34．细节理解题。根据“This time, she added a small boat in the waves, like herself fighting through hard times. The painting wasn’t perfect, but it showed a stormy sea with a boat moving forward.”可知，画作内容是风暴中前行的小船。故选D。 35．细节理解题。文章是按照事情发展的顺序来讲述的，根据第二段的“One morning, Lila fell off her bike and hurt her right arm.”、第三段的“Mr. Chen, an old painter who lives next door, visited. ‘I broke my wrist (腕) once too,’ he said, showing her a sunflower painting he made with his left hand. ‘Art isn’t about which hand you use—it’s about wanting to create.’”、第六段的“On competition day, Lila handed in her painting. A week later, she won second place!”和第七段的“After that, Lila started a class for kids who had trouble painting.”可知，事件顺序为：Lila摔伤手臂→陈先生分享经历→Lila比赛获奖→Lila开设绘画班。正确顺序为b-d-c-a。故选B。 36．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，全文围绕Lila克服手臂受伤的困难，用左手坚持绘画并获奖的经历展开，强调“勇气与尝试”的意义。选项C“一个关于绘画勇气的故事”最贴合主旨。故选C。 Passage 8 （2025·贵州黔东南·模拟预测）In the livestreaming channel (直播频道) of Yang Weiyun, no singing or dancing is performed, nor are products sold. Yang teaches pinyin, reading, and writing, something that has been most familiar to her for the past 50 years. The difference is that her students are mostly adults. The 73-year-old comes from Huainan city of Anhui province and is an experienced educator. She had been a Chinese teacher in a primary school for 30 years and a kindergarten (幼儿园) head for another 20 years. In retirement (退休), Yang wanted to do something meaningful. The rise of short video platforms gave her the idea of continuing her education endeavors (努力) through livestreaming online. Yang opened her livestreaming account in May 2021 and offered free pinyin courses designed for kindergarten pupils about to attend primary schools. However, she gradually learnt that among her viewers there are a lot of illiterate adults. She found that many of them are afraid to go to new places and worried that they couldn’t teach their children or read their boss’s instructions. So, she decided to add some courses to meet their needs. Zhang Mei is among the students who benefit from Yang’s livestreaming lessons. She was born and raised in the countryside and had never been to school. She watches Yang’s livestream whenever there is spare time. Now she can read Chinese characters if they are marked with pinyin and knows how to write her name. She also found a job. Yang said students learning through her livestreaming channel each have their own needs. So she always prepares her classes carefully after finishing a livestreaming lesson. She tries her best to find out what ways the students can learn and remember better, and her biggest wish now is to see these students graduate from her classes. 37．What can we know about Yang’s livestreaming? A．She tells people how to teach kids. B．She teaches people to sing and dance. C．She teaches people to read and write. 38．What does the underlined phrase “illiterate adults” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．People who want to learn. B．People who don’t know how to read or write. C．People who are famous. 39．Which of the following words can best describe Yang Weiyun? A．Hardworking and talented. B．Helpful and considerate (体贴的). C．Independent and grateful (感激的). 40．What is the best title for the passage? A．A clever woman. B．An interesting livestream. C．A great woman. 【答案】37．C 38．B 39．B 40．C 【导语】本文讲述了73岁的杨维云退休后，利用短视频平台直播教成年人拼音、阅读和写作的故事。 37．细节理解题。根据“Yang teaches pinyin, reading, and writing ... The difference is that her students are mostly adults.”可知，杨维云的直播教人们读写。故选C。 38．词句猜测题。根据“She found that many of them are afraid to go to new places and worried that they couldn’t teach their children or read their boss’s instructions.”可知，此句表示她发现很多人害怕去新的地方是因为担心自己无法教育孩子或读不懂老板的指示。可推测illiterate adults指的是不识字、不会读写的成年人。故选B。 39．细节理解题。通读原文可知，杨维云免费教成年人知识，还根据学生需求调整课程，精心备课，体现出她乐于助人且体贴。故选B。 40．最佳标题题。通读原文可知，文章主要赞扬了杨维云退休后仍发挥余热，帮助不识字成年人学习的伟大事迹，C选项“一位伟大的女性”最能概括文章主旨。故选C。 Passage 9 （2025·河南信阳·三模）On Saturday morning, I planned to go to the pool but Mom asked me to watch my five-year-old sister Lyssa and three-year-old brother Dougie because she had an important job interview. “Couldn’t Julie watch them instead?” I asked unhappily. “She can help, but she’s only ten. I’ll feel better with a fifteen-year-old in charge (负责).” Mom kissed me and went away. About ten o’clock, the kids were playing outside while I was reading my sports magazine, with my headphones on. Deeply lost in a cool story, I hardly noticed Julie already came in. I took my headphones off. “Look at the sky,” she said nervously. I went out and saw a huge tornado snaked down from the sky to the ground. I couldn’t believe it—a real, live tornado! I was so afraid that my heart was almost in my mouth. I tried hard to remember the facts I learned about tornado safety in school: Get low. Find a basement (地下室), or if you’re caught outside, find the lowest place you can. Looking around, I found a ditch (沟) about a hundred meters away. “Julie,” I shouted, taking Lyssa quickly. “Get Dougie and follow me to the ditch!” We were making our way hard because of the wind and rain. Suddenly we all fell to a muddy (泥泞的) bottom two feet below. I made everyone lie, arms protecting their heads. The tornado blew away almost everything. I thought we were going to die...But the next moment, it was over. I lifted my head and saw the tornado rushing away. Soon the sky cleared. Standing on the mess, I couldn’t stop thinking what if Julie’d been watching them and I’d been at the pool! 41．What did the writer plan to do at first? A．To go to school. B．To go to the pool. C．To have a job interview. D．To read a sports magazine. 42．What helped the writer protect his sister and brother? A．What Lyssa had seen. B．What Dougie had done. C．What his mother had said. D．What he had learned in school. 43．What problem did they face while heading to the ditch? A．The trees were blown down and blocked the road. B．The kids were too young to catch up with the writer. C．The wind and rain made them move forward slowly. D．They got stuck in a muddy hole and couldn’t get out. 44．How did the writer’s feelings change in the story? A．Angry→impatient→glad. B．Sad→nervous→regretful. C．Unhappy→afraid→thankful. D．Worried→surprised→excited. 45．What is the best title for the text? A．The Day I Saved My Family B．The Lowest Place We Found C．The Tornado We Hear about D．The Magazine I Liked Best 【答案】41．B 42．D 43．C 44．C 45．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在照顾自己的弟弟妹妹时遇到龙卷风，他凭借自己在学校学到的安全知识让大家化险为夷的故事。 41．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I planned to go to the pool”可知，答案为B。 42．细节理解题。根据第六段内容“I tried hard to remember the facts I learned about tornado safety in school”及其后四段的内容可知，作者在学校学到的龙卷风安全知识在紧急情况下发挥了作用，帮助他保护了自己的弟弟妹妹。故选D。 43．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“We were making our way hard because of the wind and rain”可知，应选C。 44．观点态度题。根据第二段内容“ ‘Couldn’t Julie watch them instead?’ I asked unhappily.”可知，作者不想在家照顾弟弟妹妹，所以他感到不开心(unhappy)；根据第五段的最后一句“I was so afraid that my heart was almost in my mouth”可知，作者在看到龙卷风时感到非常恐惧(afraid)；根据最后一段内容可推知，龙卷风过后，作者因自己在家而不是在游泳池而感到庆幸(thankful)。故选C。 45．最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了在龙卷风来袭时，作者如何迅速采取行动保护家人并最终帮助家人安全度过危机的故事。选项A“我拯救家人的那一天”最适合作本文的标题。故选A。 1 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题 阅读理解之记叙文 目 录 01·考情剖析·命题前瞻 2 02·时空导航·网络构建 3 03·题型通关·靶向突破 4 考点一 题型破解 4 文体特点 通过生动的事例来反映生活和作者的思想感情 选项规律 干扰项特征：以偏概全、过度推断、偷换概念、无中生有、主观臆断、浮于表面 考点二 解题要点 5 题型 1. 细节理解题 2. 推理判断题 3. 观点态度类题型 4. 写作意图类题型 5. 词义猜测题 6. 主旨大意题 04·优题精选·练能提分 10 题型 考查形式 2025年在各地中考卷中所占比重 阅读理解之记叙文 ☑选择题 □非选择题 在阅读理解部分（通常为3-4篇），记叙文至少占1篇。部分地区会达到2篇。其分值约占阅读总分的25%-40%，占全卷总分比重约10%-15%。 考情分析 (一) 命题特点分析 选材主题鲜明，突出“立德树人” 1.主题分布：素材集中于个人成长经历（克服困难、学习新技能）、亲情友情（理解与陪伴）、社会善意（陌生人之间的帮助）、文化自信（传承传统文化）以及人与社会/自然的思考。 2.价值导向：文章普遍蕴含积极向上的价值观，如坚持、勇气、诚实、宽容、责任感，引导学生形成正确的价值观和人生观。 能力考查全面，聚焦“高阶思维” 1.文本语言地道，强调“语境理解”。文章多源于英文原版材料的改编，语言生动、自然，包含丰富的对话和心理描写。 2.对长难句的理解能力要求提高，句子结构更为复杂。 (二) 命题思路总结 1.设题位置规律：题目顺序通常与故事发展顺序（自然顺序）一致，有助于学生定位信息。 选项设置技巧： 细节理解题：不再“直来直往”，常需进行同义转述或对多处信息进行简单归纳。 推理判断题：成为绝对主力题型。考查对人物动机、情感变化、事件因果、言外之意的深层推断。 词义猜测题：紧密结合故事情节，考查通过上下文逻辑线索推断生词或短语含义的能力。 主旨大意题：要求准确概括故事核心思想或选择最佳标题，干扰项常为细节性信息或过于宽泛的表述。 作者意图/观点态度题：考查学生是否能跳出故事本身，洞察作者讲述此故事的目的（如：分享一个教训、赞扬一种品质）或其对事件/人物的态度。 2.命题核心思维：命题的底层逻辑是测试学生是否真正“读懂”了故事，而不仅仅是“看到”了文字。重点在于理解故事的情感脉络、因果链条和核心价值。 命题预测 (一) 主题预测 科技与人情：讲述青少年如何平衡数字生活与现实交往，或利用科技解决现实问题、传递温暖的故事。 文化传承与创新：关于青少年体验、学习并创新性传承非物质文化遗产（如剪纸、戏曲、节庆）的故事。 心理健康与韧性：围绕如何面对压力、焦虑、失败，并最终培养成长型思维和心理韧性的叙事。 生态环保意识：通过个人或集体的具体行动，体现青少年对环境问题的关注和责任的故事。 跨文化理解与交流：中国学生与外国友人的交往故事，或在海外经历文化冲突与融合的故事。 (二) 题型预测 推理判断题将继续保持其核心地位和最高出题频率，且设问角度将更细腻。 词义猜测题的考查将更侧重对“熟词生义”和特定语境下短语含义的理解。 段落目的/结构题可能会增多，考查学生对段落功能（如：引入背景、推动情节、抒发情感）的理解。 综合性与开放性：可能出现需要综合全文多个信息点才能解答的题目，对学生的整体把握能力要求更高。 考点一 题型破解 1、 文体特点 1. 命题分布 记叙文是中考阅读的“必考题”，分值比重：约占阅读理解总分的25%-40%，是阅读部分的得分基石与拉分关键。题量通常为1-2篇，题数为3-8小题。其命题分布遵循以下规律： 题型频率（由高到低）： 推理判断题：核心题型，几乎必考2-3题。考查对人物情感、动机、事件因果、言外之意的理解。 细节理解题：稳定出现1-2题。但多为“转述型”细节，而非直接查找。 主旨大意题：常见，通常为最后1题。考查对故事主题、标题或作者写作目的的理解。 词义猜测题：高频出现1题。考查通过上下文推断生词或代词含义的能力。 2. 难度分析 记叙文的难度体现在“看似简单，陷阱深藏”。 词汇和句型大多在考纲范围内，故事背景贴近生活，学生基本能读懂字面意思。但深层理解难： 信息定位难：答案往往不直接给出，需要联系前后文，进行信息整合与推断。 情感把握难：人物的情感和态度很少直说，需要通过对话、动作、心理描写来推断。 选项干扰强：错误选项设计精巧，极具迷惑性，容易让理解流于表面的学生“踩坑”。 2、 选项规律 规律一：正确选项的“两大特征” 同义转述 这是正确选项最常见的形式。它不会直接抄袭原文，而是用不同的词语或句式表达相同的意思。 合理概括 针对主旨题或推理题，正确选项能基于全文信息，做出逻辑严谨的概括或推断。 规律二：干扰选项的“四大陷阱” 无中生有 选项中的信息在原文完全找不到依据，但本身看似合理。 破解：牢记“答案源于文本”。遇到任何选项，必须回原文找到支持或反对的证据。 偷换概念 使用原文中的关键词，但扭曲了其逻辑关系、主语、宾语或时间状态。 破解：紧盯“谁，做了什么，对谁，在何时”。注意选项的主语、谓语、宾语是否与原文一致。 以偏概全 将文章中的某个次要细节、个别例子或片面观点，放大为全文主旨或整体情况。 破解：主旨题要通盘考虑，尤其关注文章的开头、结尾和反复出现的核心词。 过度推断 推断方向正确，但程度过深、过于绝对或超出了原文的支撑范围。 破解：推断必须基于原文“线索”，做到“有理有据”，切忌凭空想象。警惕含有绝对化词汇（如must, never, all, completely）的选项。 考点二 解题要点 一、细节理解题 1. 解题步骤 审题干，定关键词：快速阅读题干，圈定人名、地名、时间、数字等关键信息。 回原文，精准定位：带着关键词回到原文，找到与之对应的句子或段落。 比选项，找同义转述：将原文信息与选项进行比对，正确答案通常是原文的同义转述。 2. 解题原则 答案必有据：答案必须能在原文中找到直接或间接的依据。 警惕原词重现：包含原文原词的选项可能是陷阱，需特别小心 3. 高频考点 事件发生的时间、地点、原因、方式。人物做了什么事。事件的具体经过。 4. 题型与考查角度 考查学生对文章具体信息的查找、识别和理解能力。 【典例】【2025年重庆卷】 What was the writer's main job in the community garden project at the beginning? A. Designing the garden layout. B. Planting flowers and vegetables. C. Watering the plants and cleaning the area. D. Communicating with the community. 原文片段：When I first joined the community garden project, I was given the most basic tasks. My main job was to water the young plants every evening and to keep the area clean by pulling out weeds and picking up any litter. It wasn't the most exciting work, but I understood it was important. At the beginning, I wasn't involved in the more creative parts, like designing the layout or choosing which flowers and vegetables to plant. Those decisions were made by a small team of more experienced members. My role was all about the daily care and maintenance. 二、推理判断题 推理判断题是中考阅读理解试题中的重要题型之一, 包括推理和判断两个方面，是区分度最高的题型。考查考生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思，进行逻辑推理，对文章的细节、作者的态度、意图作出正确推理判断的能力。分析真题可知，推断题呈不断上升的趋势，且由过去简单的对号入座直接答题转向通过语句的同义或反义词及长难句来考查考生对语言的理解能力，难度比之前有所增加。 1. 高频考点：1. 推断人物的真实感受、动机或性格特征。 2. 推断事件的因果关系或可能的发展。 3. 推断故事的隐含意义或结局。 2. 解题步骤 定位信息源：找到题干涉及的相关段落或句子。 读懂字里行间：分析上下文逻辑关系，关注人物的动作、语言、心理描写。 合理推断：基于原文信息，进行一步逻辑上的延伸和推断，得出言外之意。 3. 解题原则 立足原文，推断一步：推断必须基于原文，不能无中生有，也不能过度推断。 事实与观点分离：区分文中客观描述的事实和作者或人物主观的观点态度。 【典例】What can we infer about the writer from the last paragraph? A. He will give up writing in the future. B. He has realized the positive power of writing. C. He thinks writing is only useful for professionals. D. He finds writing makes him more stressed. 原文片段： "I looked at the pages I had filled. The words, once a tangled mess in my mind, now lay clear and calm on paper. The anxiety that had felt so heavy began to loosen its grip. I hadn't just written down my thoughts; I had written my way to a sense of peace. It was then I understood that this tool was not for creating masterpieces, but for making sense of myself. I knew I would keep this practice, for it had become my anchor." 三、观点态度类题型 1. 题型与考查角度 考查学生对情感态度词汇的敏感度和对文本情感的把握能力。 2. 解题步骤 明确对象：看清题目问的是作者的态度还是文中人物的态度。 寻找情感词：圈出能体现态度、情感的形容词、副词、动词等。 综合判断：结合人物的言行和故事情节，进行综合判断。 3. 解题原则 紧扣文本：态度必须源于文本证据，不能凭个人常识判断。 注意褒贬色彩：区分积极、消极或中立态度。 4. 高频考点 （1）作者或人物对某人、某事的看法。 （2）故事中人物的情感变化。 【典例】【2025年广东卷】How did the boy feel about his finished bookshelf? A. Ashamed of its imperfections. B. Proud of his own work. C. Grateful for others' help. D. Curious about better designs. 原文片段：Finally, after days of sawing, hammering, and sanding, the bookshelf was complete. It wasn't perfect—one leg was slightly shorter, making it wobble, and there were a few scratches on the surface. The boy stepped back and looked at his work. A wide smile spread across his face. A wave of pride washed over him.This was something he had built with his own two hands. He couldn't wait to show his family and fill the shelves with his favorite books. 四、写作意图类题型 1. 题型与考查角度 考查学生对文章整体功能和作者写作目的的概括能力。 2. 解题步骤 整体把握：通读全文，理解文章主要内容。 思考目的：问自己“作者为什么要写这个故事？他想告诉读者什么？” 选择答案：选项通常是动词短语，如 to share.../ to encourage.../ to explain...等。 3. 解题原则 高于细节：写作意图是文章的灵魂，需跳出细节，从整体把握。 紧扣主旨：写作意图与文章主旨大意紧密相关。 4. 高频考点 作者希望通过故事传达的道理、鼓励的精神或分享的经历。 【典例】 原文片段： （2025·山西·中考真题）Bell used to work as a children’s bookseller and helped young people of all ages find their perfect books ...... Bell says science also comes from human curiosity (好奇心) and imagination, which are similar to the hope that creates magic in the story. She hopes her books can encourage young readers to learn more about science. What is Bell’s purpose of writing the two magic books? A．To open the door to the magic world for readers. B．To guide readers to enjoy magic and value science. C．To tell readers science is the most important school subject. 五、词义猜测题 1. 题型和考查角度： 考查学生利用语境线索理解和推断词义的能力。 2. 解题技巧 定位生词：找到生词或短语在文中的位置。 分析语境：仔细阅读生词所在句子及前后句，寻找定义、举例、对比、因果等逻辑线索。 代入验证：将猜测的含义代入原文，看是否通畅。 3. 猜测划线单词意思 （1）根据定义 有时作者会通过给词汇下定义来帮助读者理解该词的基本含义，如线索词that is, or, namely, in other words, that is to say, to be more exact, to put it another way, which is等。 （2）根据举例 有时，划线部分后会根由一些具体的例子，这些例子可以帮助考试理解该词的词义。线索词such as, such...as, for example, for instance, like , including, especially等。 （3）根据对比关系或转折关系 表达对比或转折关系的词需注意but, yet, however, while, unlike, instead, similarly, on the contrary, in contrast to等。 （4）根据同义词或并列结构 在同一句、同一段或同一篇文章中，作者为了避免语言的单调和重复，会使用意思相同或相近的词，此时，只要知道其中一个词的意思，就能猜出另一个词的意思。 （5）根据构词法 英语中的很多词汇，尤其是不断出现的新词大多是通过构词法生成的，因此，掌握主要的构词法有助于猜测词义。 （6）根据因果关系 因果关系时一种常见的提供生词词义信息的逻辑关系。根据线索词as, since, because, for , so, therefore, due to, result in, as a result, for this reason, so...that, such...that等可知上下句存在因果，从而依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。 4. 猜测划线代词意思 定关键：返回原文，找到指代词，理清句子结构。 找替代：根据上下文，寻找复合逻辑关系的名词、代词、短语或句子等。 再核对：比较选项，找出与符合逻辑的选项。 一般来说，it/this/that指代一件事； it/he/them/they/one/those指代上文提到的人或事。 5. 解题原则： 词不离句：任何词义都依赖于具体的语境。 逻辑为王：依靠上下文的逻辑关系是猜词的根本。 【典例】【2025年日照卷】The word "perseverance" in Paragraph 3 most probably means "______". A. continuous effort despite difficulties B. natural talent C. good luck D. strict training 原文片段：Paragraph 3: Faced with these setbacks, Xiao Ming felt discouraged. However, his teacher patted him on the shoulder and said, "The key to success is not just intelligence, but perseverance. You must be willing to learn from each failure and try again." Inspired by these words, Xiao Ming did not give up. He spent the next two weeks in the lab every afternoon, carefully analyzing what went wrong, adjusting his designs, and testing new materials. Through sheer determination and continuous effort, he finally built a working model. 六、主旨大意题型 1. 题型和考查角度 概括能力：能否用简洁的语言概括出“文章主要讲了什么”。 归纳能力：能否识别并整合文章各部分的要点，提炼出共同指向的中心。 抽象思维能力：能否透过具体的事件、人物行为，看到其背后蕴含的深层意义、情感或道理。 2. 选项特征 准确识别选项特征是快速排除干扰项的关键。 （1）正确选项特征： 概括性：能够覆盖全文或绝大部分段落的核心内容，具有“高度概括、不偏不倚”的特点。 针对性：紧密围绕本文的核心话题和中心思想，不空泛。 深刻性：对于记叙文，正确选项往往不止于事件本身，而能体现故事背后的情感、成长、道理或启示。 （2）干扰选项特征： 以偏概全：将文章中的某个次要细节或局部信息放大为全文主旨。 【示例】文章主要讲一次失败的实验如何让“我”学会了坚持，干扰项设为“The passage describes a science experiment in detail.”（只提及实验，未涉及核心的“成长”）。 范围过大：选项内容过于宽泛，超出了本文讨论的范围。 【示例】文章讲一次具体的社区清洁活动，干扰项设为“The importance of protecting the environment.”（环保重要性范围太大，本文只是其中一个具体事例）。 范围过小/张冠李戴：选项是文中提到的信息，但只是某个段落或某个人物的观点，不能代表全文主旨。 无中生有：选项内容在原文中完全找不到依据，或与原文内容相悖。 3. 主题句在文中的位置 主题句是文章或段落中心思想的直接体现。找到主题句，解题就成功了一半。 常见位置： 段首：最为常见。文章或段落的开头直接点明中心。 段尾：先叙述，后总结，在结尾处画龙点睛，引出主旨。 首尾呼应：开头提出主题，结尾再次强调或深化主题。 无显性主题句：记叙文，尤其是故事性强的，常常没有直接的主题句。这时需要自行概括。 【示例】【2025年真题模拟】 原文结尾段："That day at the animal shelter, I didn't just gain a pet; I learned that true companionship is about patience, understanding, and a willingness to open your heart. It was a lesson I would carry far beyond those walls." 分析：此结尾段即为全文的主题句。它清楚地表明，文章的主旨不是“领养宠物”这个事件本身，而是通过这个事件学到的“关于陪伴的人生道理”。 4. 中考记叙文常考标题归纳题型 最佳标题是文章主旨的“精炼版”，应具备以下三大特征： （1）概括——准确而又简短; （2）针对性——标题外延正好与文章内容相符; （3）题目——能引发读者的阅读欲望。 解题方法 串连要素法：通读全文后，在心中或用笔简要串联故事的主要人物、核心事件和最终结果/启示。 寻找复现词：注意在文章中反复出现的关键名词、动词或短语，它们往往是核心话题。 把握情感基调：记叙文的标题常带有一定的情感色彩或哲理意味。是温暖、励志、遗憾还是引人深思？ 逆向检验法：假想自己以这个选项为标题来写文章，看其是否能够涵盖本文的全部核心内容。 【典例】【2025年重庆卷】What is the best title for the passage? A. The Life of a Face-changing Performer. B. An Introduction to Chuan Opera. C. Face-changing: The Magic and Culture of Chuan Opera. D. How to Learn Face-changing Skills. 原文片段： "Face-changing, the most magical and symbolic art form, lies at the very heart of Chuan Opera, captivating audiences not just with its speed but with its deep cultural stories." Passage 1 （2025·辽宁盘锦·二模）Are there any environmental problems in your city? What causes them? Are there ways to stop them? One winter morning, Tapiwa Chiwewe was driving to work in Johannesburg, South Africa. He noticed a haze (薄雾) hanging over the city and it didn’t take long for him to realize that it was a huge cloud of air pollution. At that moment, Chiwewe felt it necessary to do something about it, but didn’t know what. He was a computer engineer and knew little about environmental science. He first did research on air pollution and found that it is the world’s biggest environmental health risk. He decided to work on it in a cooperative (合作的) way. He talked to scientists, officials, and engineers who helped him develop a deeper understanding of the situation, as well as an idea to improve it. Through years of work, Chiwewe and his co-workers from South Africa and China created an online air quality decision support system. Based on historical and real-time data, the system can predict air pollution and air quality, which can help people make better decisions about their daily movements, as well as help officials better manage their operations. Chiwewe learned an important lesson — a lesson we all need to take into heart if we are to work towards a better future. “Even if you’re not an expert in a particular field, your outside expertise (专业知识) may hold the key to solving problems within that field,” he said. What if Chiwewe hadn’t researched the problem and do something about it? What if he had just hoped that someone, somewhere, was taking care of the matter? As Chiwewe said, “Why not just go ahead and deal with the problem as well as you can, in your own way? You may be pleasantly surprised.” 1．Tapiwa Chiwewe worked in ________. A．China B．America C．South Africa D．Japan 2．What was Tapiwa Chiwewe’s job? A．He was a teacher. B．He was a computer engineer. C．He was a doctor. D．He was a scientist. 3．Chiwewe found that ________ is the world’s biggest environmental health risk. A．water pollution B．land pollution C．air pollution D．light pollution 4．What can we know from the passage? A．Chiwewe is a person with a sense of social responsibility. B．Chiwewe knew more about environmental science. C．Chiwewe worked on air pollution by himself. D．The system can reduce air pollution. Passage 2 （2025·宁夏吴忠·二模）Yang Zhiyang, a 23-year-old boy, has inspired many young people as he works full-time to take care of his mother, who has ALS (渐冻症). Yang’s mother had the disease in 2012. Yang, then 10, took care of his mother. Because of the disease, his mother needs help with almost everything. She needs to be carried up and down the stairs. She also has difficulty in speaking. She can still type on her mobile phone, but most of the time, she chooses to communicate with her son in another way. “My mother and I use eyes for most of our communication,” Yang says. “For example, when she wants to sleep, she uses her eyes to show that she is tired, and she turns her head towards the bedroom. And when she needs water, she will look at the water cup on the table.” For many things, Yang has to be very careful, including helping her mother bathe and use the toilet. Though the work is difficult, Yang enjoys all the time he spends with his mother. He will be around her every time she exercises. To make it more fun, he often sings to her. “People with ALS are easily tired and often stop exercising. I want to find ways to help her do more training,” Yang says. Yang’s love for his mother has touched many people. But Yang says it’s only natural that he should take care of his mother. “My mother raised me. I’m just doing what a son should do,” he says. 5．What can we know about Yang’s mother from paragraph 2? A．She is very tired and wants to give up. B．She almost can’t do anything by herself. C．She has no problem speaking with her son. D．She always uses her mobile phone to communicate. 6．How do Yang and his mother mostly communicate with each other? A．By writing on the paper. B．By making phone calls. C．By using eyes to communicate. D．By typing on the computer. 7．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 4 refer to? A．Bathing. B．Sleeping. C．Drinking water. D．Doing exercise. 8．The writer writes the passage to ________. A．describe a medical problem B．show how to fight with ALS C．tell the story of a boy and his mother D．ask readers to care about people with ALS Passage 3 （2025·安徽黄山·二模）When I became a junior, I decided to take Latin (拉丁文) at school. I was so excited and really expected to learn it well. However, the Latin class turned out to be quite boring. Each day, Mr Keady, the teacher, would ask us to open our books and read aloud the Latin forms of words. This was the way he taught us every day. That was until one afternoon when, once again, we were asked to open our books, and I decided to speak up. When Mr Keady asked what was wrong, I explained why I found his class boring, how I had expected more, and that his teaching method seemed old-fashioned. When I finished speaking, I expected Mr Keady to angrily send me to the head teacher. To my surprise, he sat at his desk quietly, looking disappointed and tired. After a moment of silence, Mr Keady spoke. He quietly said that he would think carefully about what I had said. And that was it. In the following weeks, the Latin class didn’t become the exciting learning environment I had hoped for, but Mr Keady did try harder to interest us in his classes. Maybe some people would praise what I did, but even so many years later, I feel bad about it. If I saw him now, I would tell him how much I regretted what I’d done that day in class. I would also tell him that he taught me a wonderful lesson that day. Following my unkind words, Mr Keady showed me that being wounded doesn’t mean you have to give away your dignity (尊严), and that no one—no one—can take it away from you. 9．How did the Latin class turn out for the writer? A．Exciting. B．Boring. C．Challenging. D．Fashionable. 10．What did Keady do after the writer talked to him? A．He got angry and told the head teacher. B．He said nothing until the class ended. C．He looked sad and thought about it. D．He promised to improve his teaching. 11．How does the writer feel about the event now? A．Disappointed at the changes. B．Happy to get praised. C．Wounded by the teacher. D．Regretful about what was said. 12．What lesson did the writer learn from the experience? A．One can always hold onto their dignity. B．Unkind words can sometimes work. C．Honest communication is important. D．Don’t try to teach teachers lessons. Passage 4 （2025·江西宜春·一模）Shi Ming leads an interesting life. By day, she is a gentle traditional Chinese medicine doctor. She helps her patients relax and feel better at a hospital in Kunming. But when she steps into the MMA ring (综合格斗擂台), she changes into a fighter. Shi’s journey of martial arts (武术) began at the age of 13. She started learning taekwondo because she thought the uniforms and kicks were cool. Later, she came across MMA while studying in college. The sport caught her interest, and she trained even harder. Her hard work paid off when she entered the “Road to UFC” competition and won. This victory earned her a place in the UFC’s strawweight division (草量级), where she now competes with well-known fighters like Zhang Weili. Even though Shi is smaller than many of her opponents, she is not afraid. Her coach, Bagher Amanolahi, has helped her develop the right plans and skills over six years of nonstop training. This training gave her the confidence to win, and it surprised many people when she achieved such success, including her parents who were amazed by her MMA performance in Macau and proud of her achievements. Shi is set on continuing her journey in MMA．She wants to win a world championship and she is ready to put her medical career on hold to reach this goal. She knows that with hard work and the right mindset, she can succeed. “A lot of friends worry about me in the Octagon, because I am small, even for this division, and I have bad eyesight,” said Shi, who has to wear glasses when she’s not fighting. “But in the Octagon, I am the boss. I decide how the match is going to go and how the fight is going to be.” 13．What does Shi Ming do in the daytime? A．A doctor. B．A patient. C．A fighter. D．A nurse. 14．What does the underlined word “opponents” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Coaches. B．Competitors. C．Patients. D．Friends. 15．Put the events about Shi Ming into the correct order according to the passage. a. She first showed interest in MMA． b. She began to learn taekwondo. c. Her MMA performance in Macao surprised her parents. d. She entered the “Road to UFC” competition and won. e. She is set on continuing her MMA journey to win a world championship. A．b-a-d-c-e B．c-b-a-e-d C．c-b-d-a-e D．c-b-a-c-d 16．What would be the best title for the passage? A．A Day in the Hospital B．A Young Martial Arts Fan C．From Doctor to Fighter D．The Challenges of Being an MMA Fighter 17．What is Shi Ming like according to the passage? A．Polite, talented and humorous. B．Quiet, smart and honest. C．Creative, caring and friendly. D．Brave, hard-working and confident. Passage 5 （2025·江西赣州·一模）Poyang Lake, China’s largest wintering area for migratory (迁徙的) birds, welcomes hundreds of thousands of seasonal visitors each year. Li Chunru, a 78-year-old man from Dongzili village in Jiangxi, China, has been taking care of injured birds there for over 40 years. One stormy day in 1982, Li found many fallen bird nests with chicks struggling on the ground. He took about 500 injured (受伤的) chicks home. Though he was only a farmer at the time, he had the experience of learning at a local medical school in Jiujiang. With the knowledge, he was able to save about 300 of them. It made Li love protecting birds. In 2012, he bought an old house for 30,000 yuan and spent about 100,000 yuan on renovations (翻新). Then he made it into a help center for migratory birds. Li’s efforts to protect birds, however, have also left him with a few scars (伤疤) and stories. He was hurt by poachers (偷猎者) twice and bitten by a dangerous snake. He said he couldn’t remember how many times he had fallen over and hurt himself while walking around to save the birds. But Li never thought of giving up. Today, Poyang Lake is much cleaner and greener. Each year, about 750,000 migratory birds visit the lake. “I’m more than happy to spend the rest of my life protecting these beautiful migratory birds”, said Li. 18．When did Li Chunru start to love protecting birds? A．In 1946. B．In 1982. C．In 1998. D．In 2012. 19．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．The experience of finding many fallen birds. B．The experience of learning at a local medical school. C．The experience of saving injured chicks. D．The experience of setting up a help center for birds. 20．Which of the following can best describe Li Chunru? A．Kind and helpful. B．Strict but brave. C．Young and famous. D．Shy but friendly. 21．According to the last paragraph, it is clear that ________. A．Poyang Lake is much bigger and more beautiful B．There are many injured birds in Poyang Lake C．Li Chunru is too old to protect migratory birds D．Li Chunru is still working for protecting migratory birds 22．What’s the best title of this passage? A．Poyang Lake, a Good Place for Birds. B．A Doctor for Migratory Birds on Poyang Lake. C．A Lifelong Protector for the Migratory Birds on Poyang Lake. D．The Importance of Protecting Migratory Birds on Poyang Lake. Passage 6 （2025·四川雅安·一模）Once, a father and his son went to a kite flying festival. The son was very excited to see all the colorful kites in the sky and asked his father to buy him one. To make him happy, the father went to a nearby shop at the park and bought one The son started flying his kite excitedly. Soon it reached high up in the sky. After some time, the son thought to himself. “It seems like the string is stopping the kite from flying higher. If I break it, the kite will be free to fly even higher.” So he asked his father for a small knife and cut the string. Without the string, the kite did go a little bit higher. However, it soon started to come down and landed on a tall tree. The son was sad. He expected that the kite would fly higher after he cut the string, not fall down. He turned to his father for an explanation. “Well, the string wasn’t holding the kite down. It was actually helping it stay up when the wind was calm and guiding it in the right direction when the wind picked up,” the father explained. “When we cut the string, the kite lost that support and fell down. Similarly, in life, we may feel that limits, like rules or hard tasks, are holding us back, but they are actually guiding us in the right direction.” 23．What’s the feeling of the son when he saw the kites? A．Excited. B．Bored. C．Interested. D．Unhappy. 24．Why did the son cut the string? A．Because it’s interesting. B．Because he wanted to make the kite fly higher. C．Because he didn’t want to fly the kite. D．Because he wanted to let the kite fly away. 25．What happened to the kite without the string? A．It come down at once. B．It flew higher and higher. C．It landed on a tall tree immediately. D．It flew a little higher, then it started to come down. 26．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 4 refer to? A．the string B．the kite C．the tree D．the knife 27．What’s the writer’s purpose of writing this passage? A．To ask people to cut the string. B．To teach people to fly kite higher. C．To show people the importance of limits. D．To guide people to the right direction. Passage 7 （2025·浙江丽水·一模）Last summer, my friend Dan and I went to the town of Buñol in Spain to take part in La Tomatina. We had a/an ▲ tomato fight there! The celebrations started a week before the main event. There were food stalls, music, parades (游行) and other activities. But we only joined in the day of the fight. It was Wednesday, August 28. We arrived in the town at 9 a.m. in old clothes. Everyone was excitedly waiting for the tomato fight to begin. Some brave people tried to climb a greasy pole (涂了油的杆子). If someone could get the ham at the top, the fight would start early. The rest of us watched and sang songs to encourage them. But the pole was so slippery (滑溜溜的) that no one could get more than halfway up. Finally, the fight started at 11 a.m. Dan and I put on our goggles (护目镜) to protect our eyes. A few huge trucks slowly drove down the streets. People inside the trucks threw tomatoes out toward the crowd. Then, the trucks turned over their boxes and poured all the tomatoes onto the street. We picked them up and threw them here and there. The next hour was a total mess. Tomatoes were everywhere! They were in the air, in our hair, all around our feet and down our clothes... The fight went on for an hour. After that, the local workers hosed (用水管冲洗) us down to wash off most of the tomatoes. Dan and I kept laughing and talking about the fight. It was one of the most fun experiences I’ve ever had in my life! 28．Which word can be put in the blank in the first paragraph? A．dangerous B．exciting C．awful D．delicious 29．Which of the following is the right order according to the passage? a. Big trucks drove down the streets b. Some people climbed a pole. c. Workers washed off the tomatoes.     d. People threw tomatoes everywhere. A．d-a-c-b B．a-c-d-b C．c-d-a-b D．b-a-d-c 30．Which picture can best describe the main event of La Tomatina in Spain? A． B． C． D． 31．What can we infer according to the passage? A．The writer will go to Spain again next year. B．People can have lots of fun in La Tomatina. C．People in Spain like eating tomatoes very much. D．The writer thinks people couldn’t fight in the street. Passage 8 （2025·江西吉安·二模）Lila was a 14-year-old girl who loved painting. Her dream was to win the school art competition. Every day after school, she painted the ocean—her favorite: waves (浪) crashing against rocks. One morning, Lila fell off her bike and hurt her right arm. The doctor said she couldn’t hold a paintbrush for three months. “The competition is in two months!” she cried, looking at her blank canvas (油画布). That afternoon, Mr. Chen, an old painter who lived next door, visited. “I broke my wrist (腕) once too,” he said, showing her a sunflower painting he made with his left hand. “Art isn’t about which hand you use—it’s about wanting to create.” Lila took his advice and tried painting with her left hand. At first, her lines were shaky (不稳的) and colors were mixed messy. But she practiced daily, even when her arm hurt. Mr. Chen helped her, and soon her paintings got better. Two weeks before the competition, Lila painted the ocean again. This time, she added a small boat in the waves, like herself fighting through hard times. The painting wasn’t perfect, but it showed a stormy sea with a boat moving forward. On competition day, Lila handed in her painting. A week later, she won second place! The judge wrote, “Your art shows courage and the will to keep trying.” After that, Lila started a class for kids who had trouble painting. She taught them to use their left hands or other ways. “Art is for everyone,” she said. “It’s not about how you paint, but how much you try.” Years later, Lila became a famous artist. Her studio (工作室) always had a sign: “Every try brings you closer.” 32．What’s the theme of the passage? A．Courage. B．Science. C．Prediction. D．Health. 33．How did Mr. Chen encourage Lila after she hurt her arm? A．He gave her a new paintbrush. B．He told her to give up the competition. C．He helped her practice painting every day. D．He shared his own story of painting with his left hand. 34．What did Lila’s competition painting show? A．A great calm beach at sunset. B．A sunflower in a beautiful garden. C．A girl riding a bike carefully. D．A boat moving through stormy waves. 35．Put the events into the correct order according to the passage. a. Lila started a class for kids. b. Lila fell and hurt her arm. c. Lila won second place in the competition. d. Mr. Chen shared his painting experience. A．d-b-a-c. B．b-d-c-a. C．b-a-d-c. D．d-c-b-a. 36．What is the main idea of this passage? A．My bike accident is terrible. B．How I won the art competition. C．A story of painting with courage. D．Mr. Chen and his sunflower. Passage 8 （2025·贵州黔东南·模拟预测）In the livestreaming channel (直播频道) of Yang Weiyun, no singing or dancing is performed, nor are products sold. Yang teaches pinyin, reading, and writing, something that has been most familiar to her for the past 50 years. The difference is that her students are mostly adults. The 73-year-old comes from Huainan city of Anhui province and is an experienced educator. She had been a Chinese teacher in a primary school for 30 years and a kindergarten (幼儿园) head for another 20 years. In retirement (退休), Yang wanted to do something meaningful. The rise of short video platforms gave her the idea of continuing her education endeavors (努力) through livestreaming online. Yang opened her livestreaming account in May 2021 and offered free pinyin courses designed for kindergarten pupils about to attend primary schools. However, she gradually learnt that among her viewers there are a lot of illiterate adults. She found that many of them are afraid to go to new places and worried that they couldn’t teach their children or read their boss’s instructions. So, she decided to add some courses to meet their needs. Zhang Mei is among the students who benefit from Yang’s livestreaming lessons. She was born and raised in the countryside and had never been to school. She watches Yang’s livestream whenever there is spare time. Now she can read Chinese characters if they are marked with pinyin and knows how to write her name. She also found a job. Yang said students learning through her livestreaming channel each have their own needs. So she always prepares her classes carefully after finishing a livestreaming lesson. She tries her best to find out what ways the students can learn and remember better, and her biggest wish now is to see these students graduate from her classes. 37．What can we know about Yang’s livestreaming? A．She tells people how to teach kids. B．She teaches people to sing and dance. C．She teaches people to read and write. 38．What does the underlined phrase “illiterate adults” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．People who want to learn. B．People who don’t know how to read or write. C．People who are famous. 39．Which of the following words can best describe Yang Weiyun? A．Hardworking and talented. B．Helpful and considerate (体贴的). C．Independent and grateful (感激的). 40．What is the best title for the passage? A．A clever woman. B．An interesting livestream. C．A great woman. Passage 9 （2025·河南信阳·三模）On Saturday morning, I planned to go to the pool but Mom asked me to watch my five-year-old sister Lyssa and three-year-old brother Dougie because she had an important job interview. “Couldn’t Julie watch them instead?” I asked unhappily. “She can help, but she’s only ten. I’ll feel better with a fifteen-year-old in charge (负责).” Mom kissed me and went away. About ten o’clock, the kids were playing outside while I was reading my sports magazine, with my headphones on. Deeply lost in a cool story, I hardly noticed Julie already came in. I took my headphones off. “Look at the sky,” she said nervously. I went out and saw a huge tornado snaked down from the sky to the ground. I couldn’t believe it—a real, live tornado! I was so afraid that my heart was almost in my mouth. I tried hard to remember the facts I learned about tornado safety in school: Get low. Find a basement (地下室), or if you’re caught outside, find the lowest place you can. Looking around, I found a ditch (沟) about a hundred meters away. “Julie,” I shouted, taking Lyssa quickly. “Get Dougie and follow me to the ditch!” We were making our way hard because of the wind and rain. Suddenly we all fell to a muddy (泥泞的) bottom two feet below. I made everyone lie, arms protecting their heads. The tornado blew away almost everything. I thought we were going to die...But the next moment, it was over. I lifted my head and saw the tornado rushing away. Soon the sky cleared. Standing on the mess, I couldn’t stop thinking what if Julie’d been watching them and I’d been at the pool! 41．What did the writer plan to do at first? A．To go to school. B．To go to the pool. C．To have a job interview. D．To read a sports magazine. 42．What helped the writer protect his sister and brother? A．What Lyssa had seen. B．What Dougie had done. C．What his mother had said. D．What he had learned in school. 43．What problem did they face while heading to the ditch? A．The trees were blown down and blocked the road. B．The kids were too young to catch up with the writer. C．The wind and rain made them move forward slowly. D．They got stuck in a muddy hole and couldn’t get out. 44．How did the writer’s feelings change in the story? A．Angry→impatient→glad. B．Sad→nervous→regretful. C．Unhappy→afraid→thankful. D．Worried→surprised→excited. 45．What is the best title for the text? A．The Day I Saved My Family B．The Lowest Place We Found C．The Tornado We Hear about D．The Magazine I Liked Best 1 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $