选择性必修第二册 Unit 6 Survival（课件PPT）-【正禾一本通】2026年新高考英语高三一轮总复习高效讲义（外研版）

该高中英语高考复习课件聚焦外研版选择性必修第二册Unit 6 Survival主题，依据高考评价体系梳理了词汇变形（如terrify→terrifying/terrified）、核心短语（consist of, cope with）、经典句型（no matter+疑问词）及读写综合能力等考查维度，通过2024浙江1月卷、新课标Ⅱ卷等真题实例，明确动词变形、语境应用等高频考点分布，构建“词汇—句型—语篇—写作”的完整备考体系。 课件亮点在于“真题嵌入+情境迁移+素养融合”策略，如结合2024新课标Ⅰ卷应用文写作训练expose的语境运用，通过读后续写中“spreading/crouching动词-ing作状语”培养学生语言能力与思维品质。特设“易错点警示”（如consist of无被动）和“写作模板库”，助力学生掌握答题技巧，教师可据此精准定位复习重点，提升备考效率。

高三一轮复习讲义 外研版 Unit 6　Survival 选择性必修 第二册 03 随堂巩固 深度拓展 02 深度学习 拓展能力 自主学习 夯实基础 01 内容索引 04 情境迁移 写作微练 05 单元测评 自主学习 夯实基础 返回 Part 1　单元词汇——分类自测 阅读词汇——语境识意 1.a first aid kit 　　　　　　　 ______________ 2.the tree trunk ______ 3.look absolutely stunning __________________ 4.astronaut training ____________ 5.a space capsule ____________ 6.orbit the planet ______________ 7.a weary hiker ______________________ 8.send unmanned spacecraft ______________________ 9.be made of clay ____________ 10.the mouth of the cave ______ 一套急救用品 树干 看上去极具吸引力 宇航员训练 一个太空舱 环绕行星运行 一个疲惫的徒步旅行者 发射无人驾驶宇宙飞船 用黏土制成 洞口 11.live in the suburb _________ 12.urban areas _________ 13.greet the newcomer ___________ 14.flourish in a damp climate　　________________________ 15.eliminate the risk _________ 16.the flavour of the garlic ___________ 17.attend a monthly meeting ___________________ 18.the atmosphere of Mars _______________ 19.get rid of nuclear waste ___________ 20.hostile environment ___________ 21.work as a firefighter _________________ 住在郊区 城镇地区 问候新来者 在潮湿的气候下生长茂盛 消除风险 大蒜的味道 参加每月一次的会议 火星的大气环境 处理核废料 恶劣的环境 作为一名消防队员 22.reduce fuel consumption _____________ 23.supplement the family income _____________ 24.lamb kebabs _________ 25.be held indoors ___________ 26.flee from the blaze _____________ 降低燃料消耗 增加家庭收入 烤羊肉串 在室内进行 从大火中逃出 拓展词汇——变形拼写 第一组：动词变形 1.__________ v．欣赏；赏识 →____________ n．欣赏；感激 2._______ v．包含；容纳 →_________ n．容器 3._______ v．组成 →__________ adj.始终如一的；一贯的 4.________ v．限制，控制 →___________ n．限制，控制 appreciate appreciation contain container consist consistent restrict restriction 5._______ v．使恐惧；使惊吓 →__________ adj.极其可怕的，骇人听闻的 →_________ adj.害怕的；恐惧的 6.________ v．消耗，消费 →___________ n．(精力、油、电等的)消耗量 →________ n．消费者；顾客 7.______ v．使暴露(于险境) →________ n．暴露，显露 →_______ adj.无遮蔽的 8.____ v．使昏迷；使震惊 →________ adj.极具吸引力的；令人惊奇的 →_______ adj.目瞪口呆的 terrify terrifying terrified consume consumption consumer expose exposure exposed stun stunning stunned 9.____ v．远足 →_____ n．徒步旅行者，远足者 →______ n．远足 10. _____ v．(作出)反应 →________ n．反应 11.________ v．估计，估算 →__________ n．估计，估算 12._______ v．犯(错误或罪行) →___________ n．承诺；奉献 →_________ adj.坚信的；尽心尽力的 hike hiker hiking react reaction estimate estimation commit commitment committed 13._____ v．推定，推断 →(过去式/过去分词) ________ →(动词-ing形式) _________ →_________ n．推断；结论 infer inferred inferring inference 第二组：名词、形容词变形 14._____ n．罪，罪行 →________ n．罪犯 adj.犯罪的 15.____ n．尘土，沙土 →_____ adj.布满灰尘的 16.________ n．乐观；乐观主义 →__________ adj.乐观的；乐观主义的 →________ n．乐观的人 17._______ n．前进；发展 →________ adj.高级的；先进的 18.______ n．机构；(尤指政府内的)局，部，处 →_____ n．代理人，代理商 crime criminal dust dusty optimism optimistic optimist advance advanced agency agent 19._____ n．小偷，贼 →_______(复数) →_____ n．偷窃，盗窃 20._____ n．贪婪，贪心 →______ adj.贪婪的，贪心的 →________ adv.贪婪地，贪心地 thief thieves theft greed greedy greedily 名词后缀-ist 表示“某方面的专家、从事某职业的人”。 ①special 特别的；专门的→specialist 专家　 ②novel 小说→novelist 小说家　 ③art艺术→artist艺术家 ④tour 旅游→tourist 旅行者　 ⑤science 科学→scientist 科学家　 ⑥cycle 骑车→cyclist 骑自行车的人 掌握规律·词汇拓展 核心词汇——单句应用 1.(2024·浙江1月卷)On September 7，1991，the costliest hailstorm (雹暴) in Canadian history hit Calgary's southern _______ (suburb). 2.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)At the end of the day all transit ________ (agency) right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider experience. 3.(2024·全国甲卷)What can we _____ (inference) from paragraph 3 about Krasnoyarsk？ 4.(2023·全国甲卷)What can be ________ (infer) from the last paragraph？ 5.(2022·全国乙卷)Very small drones with ________ (advance) sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. suburbs agencies infer inferred advanced 6.Business __________ (flourish) and within six months they were earning $18，000 a day. 7.They expressed cautious ________ (optimistic) about a solution to the crisis. 8.The _______ (thief) were caught trying to steal money from the bank in broad daylight. 9.The cake was really delicious，__________ (consist) of layers of chocolate and cream filling. 10.The ________ (crime) was sentenced to five years in prison for his actions last year. flourished optimism thieves consisting criminal 11.Determined to learn the ________ technology abroad，he has made _______ preparations and applied for a passport in _______．He believes he will make great ________ in this field and be far in _______ of his classmates.(advance) 12.It's not right to be _______ to too strong sunlight，for long-time ________ to strong sunlight does harm to the skin.(expose) 13.They were _________ at the __________ news that all the passengers on the bus were killed.(terrify) 14.Experts advise _________ not to buy more groceries until they've already been ________．This is called rational ___________．(consume) 15.I wanted to know how the students _______ to my words and the teacher's ________．(react) advanced advance advance advances advance exposed exposure terrified terrifying consumers consumed consumption reacted reaction Part 2　短语句式——教材精选 Ⅰ.选择合适的短语并用其正确形式填空 1. _____________ the court hearing testimonials(证明) of her ability as a doctor，she was banned from medicine. 2．It's the best way to ____________ your used clothes，score clothes from your friends，and have a party all at the same time. 3．The government needs to make more policies to __________ the economic crisis. out of reach，break out，have an effect on，split up，react to，search for，fight against，be diagnosed with，fit in with，in the meantime，get rid of，leave sb alone，bring...under control，under construction，figure out，consist of，wipe out，in spite of，cope with，amount to In spite of get rid of cope with 4．In Western countries，restaurant tips may __________ as much as 10% of your bill. 5．Some advertisements ___________ pictures or the words of experts to show people how good the products are. 6．We are now enjoying the cool air in the room._________________，the farmers are harvesting crops in the hot sun. 7．To _________ the resistant force，they declared that they had put arms including advanced tanks and fighter planes in place. out of reach，break out，have an effect on，split up，react to，search for，fight against，be diagnosed with，fit in with，in the meantime，get rid of，leave sb alone，bring...under control，under construction，figure out，consist of，wipe out，in spite of，cope with，amount to amount to consist of In the meantime wipe out 8．Production of the goods must _____________ the needs of the society. 9．If we can't _____ our problems ______________，feelings of powerlessness and despair often arise. 10．As the box was ______________ on the shelf，the little boy brought a chair to stand on. out of reach，break out，have an effect on，split up，react to，search for，fight against，be diagnosed with，fit in with，in the meantime，get rid of，leave sb alone，bring...under control，under construction，figure out，consist of，wipe out，in spite of，cope with，amount to fit in with bring under control out of reach 返回 Ⅱ.根据所给汉语和要求完成下面的句子 1．如果不是因为你每天帮助我在线学习英语，我不可能在英语上取得进步。(that引导同位语从句) If it hadn't been for the fact _________________________________________，I couldn't have made progress in English. 2．无论什么时间，你到了那儿就给我打电话。(“no matter＋疑问词”引导状语从句) Call me when you get there，_______________________． that you helped me learn English online every day no matter what the time is 深度学习 拓展能力 返回 Part 1　核心词汇——多维练透 estimate (教材义) v．估计，估算；(补充义) v．判断，评价 n．估计；看法，判断 1 巧归纳 (1)estimate sth (at sth) 估算；估价 (2)be estimated to be/have 估计是/有 (3)estimate that 估计…… It is estimated that... 据估计…… (4)estimation n． 估计；判断；评价 ①I had my car crashed last weekend and the cost to repair it was _________ (estimate) at $800. ②__ is roughly estimated that American Indians make up about five percent of the US population. ③[应用文写作之交流] 据估计，英语中80%的谈话都是闲话。 ______________________________ 80% of all conversation in English is small talk. ④(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)The experiment of __________ he conducted showed that in some cases，the average of a large number of independent _________ could be quite accurate.(estimate) estimated It It is estimated/People estimate that estimation estimates appreciate (教材义) v．欣赏；赏识；(补充义) v．理解，明白；感谢，感激 2 巧归纳 (1)appreciate＋名词/代词/动词-ing形式重视/感激…… (2)I would appreciate it if... 假如……，我将不胜感激。 (3)appreciate＋that/wh-从句理解/意识到…… (4)appreciation n． 欣赏；感激 convey/express one's appreciation 表达感激 ①We appreciate _____________ (participate) in this activity，which is meant to help build up our bodies. ②[应用文写作之询问信] 如果你告知我活动的相关细节，我将不胜感激。 I ___________________ you could share with me some details about the activity. ③(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷应用文写作)为了提升学生的艺术鉴赏力和创造力，美术老师带我们班去了附近的公园，让我们走进了大自然的怀抱。 _______________________________________________，our art teacher took our class to a nearby park，moving us into the embrace of nature. ④我有宝贵的机会参加传统舞蹈表演，让我亲身体会到了文化的魅力。 I had the precious opportunity to participate in the traditional dance performance，_______________________________ of culture firsthand. participating would appreciate it if To improve students' artistic appreciation and creativity allowing me to appreciate the charm expose (教材义) v．使暴露(于险境)；(补充义) v．揭露，揭发；接触，体验；露出，显露(感情)；使(胶卷)曝光 3 巧归纳 (1)expose...to... 使……接触……；使……暴露于…… (be) exposed to... 暴露于/接触…… (2)expose oneself to... 使自己面临……；使自己暴露于…… (3)expose sth to sb 向某人揭发某事 (4)exposure n． 暴露；接触 ①(2022·全国乙卷)They often cover only their eyes with their hands，leaving the rest of their bodies _______ (expose). ②Do remember that you must avoid ________ (expose) babies to strong sunlight when taking them out. ③[读后续写之神态描写] 看到我们走近，她笑逐颜开，露出了漂亮的小白牙。 Seeing us approaching，she smiled joyfully，__________________________． ④(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷应用文写作)在户外上美术课给了我一个全新的视角。 It gave me a brand-new perspective ______________________________． exposed exposing exposing nice little white teeth to be exposed to art lesson outdoors consist of 由……构成，由……组成 4 巧归纳 (1)consist mainly/largely of... 主要由……组成 (2)consist in＝lie in 在于；取决于 (3)consistent adj. 连续的，一致的 be consistent with... 和……一致；与……相符 (4)be made up of＝be composed of ＝be comprised of 由……组成 ①The breakfast，__________ (consist) of porridge and sandwich，smelt extremely delicious. ②In the schools of ancient Greece and Rome，testing usually consisted __ saying poetry aloud and giving speeches. ③[读后续写之主旨升华句] 人生主要由快乐和悲伤组成，而快乐在于奋斗。 Life mainly ____________ happiness and sorrow while happiness ___________ struggle. ④在持续的努力和决心下，Javon逐渐提高了他的数学技能，就像他克服了生活中的其他障碍一样。 ___________________________________，Javon gradually improved his math skills，just as he had overcome other obstacles in his life. consisting of consists of consists in With consistent effort and determination Part 2　经典句式——写作迁移 句型公式：no matter＋疑问词“无论……，多么……”，引导让步状语从句 巧归纳 (1)“no matter＋疑问词”只引导让步状语从句；wherever，whenever，whatever，whoever，whichever，however既可以引导状语从句，也可以引导名词性从句。 (2)no matter必须后跟“疑问词”才可以引导从句，不能单独使用。 ①(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)_________________________ (无论我在哪儿买的它们)，though，one steamer basket is rarely enough，yet two seems greedy，and so I am always left wanting more next time. ②[读后续写之人物情感心理描写] 不管他强颜欢笑多少次，潜在的悲伤总是存在，隐藏在他的灵魂深处。 _________________________ he forced upon his face，the underlying sadness was always present，hidden in the depths of his soul. ③我意识到，我一直把自己的根埋得太深，抑制了我的成长和潜力，无论我多少次被告知我在绘画方面的天赋。 I realized that I had been burying my own roots too deep，suffocating my growth and potential，___________________________ about my talent in drawing. No matter where I buy them No matter how many smiles no matter how often I was told ④不管她多么努力地教这个十几岁的女孩新概念，她一个字也听不懂。 ________________________________ new concepts to the teenage girl，she would never understand a single word. No matter how hard she tried to teach Part 3　语境辨义——举一反三 Ⅰ.熟词生义(写出句中加黑词汇的词性及汉语意思) 1．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my appetite quite like Italy. _______ 2．(2022·浙江1月卷)Above all，I hoped he wouldn't assign me to work with the fiercely competitive and extremely serious fellow who always wore dark clothes and apparently had a personality to match. ___________ 3．But he quickly found that he loved playing this instrument，and was committed to practicing it so that within a couple of months he was playing reasonably well. _______________ 4．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) But why are certain sounds more common than others？ _________ v.刺激 adv.激烈地 adj.尽心尽力的 adj.某些 5．The ground should be even and hard, and there should be no unmarked holes or other dangers. ___________ 6．Afterwards his story was made into a film and was aired in China, Europe and America. _______ 7．In any walk of life, disappointments will go before success. _______ 8．If I were a boy again, I would school myself into a habit of attention; I would let nothing come between me and the subject in hand. _____________ adj.平坦的 v.上映 n.行业 v.训练，养成 Ⅱ.一词多义(选出下列单词在句中的正确释义) 1．commit ①The suspect was accused of committing a robbery. _____ ②They committed to helping us with the project. _____ ③The parents committed their child to the care of the school. _____ A．v.承诺，保证 B．v.犯(罪行或错误) C．v.使……承担义务 D．v.委托，交付 B A D 返回 2．fierce ①The fierce lion roared loudly in the jungle. _____ ②The audience responded with fierce applause. _____ ③She had a fierce determination to succeed. _____ A．adj.凶猛的 B．adj.强烈的 C．adj.热情的，热烈的 D．adj.剧烈的 A C B 随堂巩固 深度拓展 返回 Ⅰ.语篇语境综合练(语境创新——词汇再练) 　　In an urban environment，the challenge to cope 1.____ survival is significant.One crucial aspect is to stay alert to the possibility of crime.2._______ (thief) can strike when you least expect it，so it's vital to be aware of your surroundings. 　　Food and water 3.___________ (consume) must be carefully monitored to ensure you can cope with limited resources.Sometimes，people become 4.______ (greed)，taking more than they need and leaving others without enough.It's essential to bring these situations under control to maintain harmony. with Thieves consumption greedy 　　Safeguarding yourself in such conditions requires 5.________ (advance) planning.You must also restrict 6.________ (expose) to dangerous areas.In an emergency，it's important to know how 7._________ (react) quickly and efficiently. 　　Often，you may need to get rid of extra possessions to make movement easier.NASA's space agency offers lessons in survival through their work in orbit，8.__________ (consist) of managing limited resources and handling emergencies. 　　9．______________ (appreciate) the significance of planning，estimate what you might need and carry only those items.Survival in the wild or urban areas demands an appropriate approach.Remember，being prepared is more 10.____ just a skill；it's a way of life. advanced exposure to react consisting To appreciate than Ⅱ.真题难句拓展练(剖析长句——精准翻译) 1．(2024·全国甲卷)They were part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. [剖析]　本句是一个主从复合句。句子主干是主系表结构 ______________ ____。that引导定语从句修饰party。 [翻译]　_________________________________________________________ ___________________________________ They were part of... 他们是一个由15名成员组成的探险队的一部分，该探险队花了近五个星期的时间见证了那里的自然美景。 2．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)An essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late. [剖析]　本句是一个复合句。主句主干为主谓宾结构 __________________ ___________；not submitted in class on the due date为动词-ed形式短语作后置定语。it is late为定语从句，修饰先行词each class period。 [翻译]　_________________________________________________________ _____ An essay will lose a letter grade 未在截止日期前提交的论文，每迟交一节课，分数就会降一个等级。 返回 3．(2021·全国甲卷)It's the seaside birds that deserve at least part of the blame for getting Nick Burchill blacklisted at the Fairmont Empress Hotel in Victoria，Canada. [剖析]　本句是一个强调句型。本句被强调部分是句子主语 ____________ _____，旨在强调这件事中应付部分责任的是海鸟。 [翻译]　_________________________________________________________ ________________________ the seaside birds Nick Burchill被加拿大维多利亚费尔蒙皇后酒店列入黑名单，海鸟至少应该承担部分责任。 情境迁移 写作微练 返回 Ⅰ.应用文写作增分练——幸存(学校地震逃生演练) 结合本单元话题，用单元词汇、经典句型完成下面的应用文写作并背诵。 [基础语料] 单元词汇 indoors，eliminate，fierce，terrifying，expose，react，crucial, cope with，bring...under control，wipe out 经典句型 as从句省略结构；how＋动词不定式结构；needed to动词-ed形式短语作定语 [情境呈现] 假定你是校英文报记者，你校最近举行了地震逃生演练，请你以Earthquake escape drill为题给英文报投稿，讲述总结逃生演练活动。 [思路点拨] 人称 以第三人称为主 时态 以一般过去时为主 内容要 点线索 第一段引出主题(举行演练)→第二段介绍过程和细节→结尾总结 [写作输出] Earthquake escape drill 　　Yesterday afternoon，(1)________________________________________ _______________ (我们的学生按计划进行了一次地震逃生演习；as从句省略结构). 　　During the crucial indoors earthquake drill at our school，(2)___________ ________________________________________________________________________(学生们被教导如何在激烈可怕的情况下消除恐慌和反应；eliminate，react，fierce，terrifying; how＋动词不定式结构).(3)__________ ________________________________________________________________________(演习的目的是使他们掌握应付这种事件所需的基本技能；expose，cope with; needed to动词-ed形式短语作定语). our students conducted an earthquake escape drill as scheduled students were taught how to eliminate panic and react in a fierce and terrifying situation The exercise aimed to expose them to the essential skills needed to cope with such an event On the one hand，with proper guidance，they learned (4)__________________ _______________________________________________(如何控制自己的恐惧，消除任何不必要的混乱；bring...under control，wipe out).On the other hand，exercising caution and following safety procedures were the key methods emphasized. 　　(5)__________________________________________________________ ________________________________________(总的来说，这次演习是让学生们做好应对地震的准备，确保他们未来的安全的关键一步；crucial). how to bring their fear under control and wipe out any unnecessary chaos Overall，this drill was a crucial step in preparing students to handle earthquakes and ensure their safety in the future [变式表达] 根据提示完成句子，使其意义和句(5)保持不变。 ____________________________________________________________ (总之，作为让学生做好应对地震准备的关键一步)，this drill could ensure their safety in the future. Altogether，as a crucial step in preparing students to handle earthquakes Ⅱ.读后续写微点练——在南极严寒中靠近帝企鹅取暖 (灵机一动) [基础语料] 词汇 strike/hit 　　　　　　 突然想到 inspiration 灵感 brainstorming 集思广益 notion 想法 spark 激发 flash 闪现 idea 主意 occur to 突然想到 come up with 想出 dawn on someone 某人突然意识到 think of 想到 pop into one's mind 突然浮现在某人脑海中 句式 crouching/spreading/stroking动词-ing形式作状语；though＋shocked分词短语作状语； as引导状语从句 细节描写 1.It occurred to her that she had forgotten to lock the door. 她突然想起她忘了锁门。 2.It struck him that he had left the oven on. 他突然想起他忘记关烤箱了。 3.She thought of a clever way to solve the problem. 她想到了一个巧妙的解决问题的方法。 4.He came up with a new approach for the project. 他为项目想出了一个新方法。 5.A brilliant idea popped into his mind while he was daydreaming. 当他在做白日梦时，一个绝妙的想法突然浮现在他的脑海中。 [情境呈现] (2025·广东一模·读后续写) Mary和Tom在南极企鹅研究实验室观察帝企鹅如何适应严寒→Mary认为他们应该更成熟，不应该把研究动物当宠物→实验室温度骤降，可能是加热器故障→成年人在外研究，孩子们必须自己应对→Tom解释帝企鹅通过挤在一起取暖来适应极端寒冷→…… [思路点拨] 文体：记叙文 人称：第三人称 时态：一般过去时为主 续写思路：根据所给句子“I have an idea to stay warm！”Tom shouted excitedly.可知，接下来要写Tom提出了一个保暖的主意，可能是受到了帝企鹅行为的启发。或者描述Tom和Mary如何实施这个保暖的计划，可能包括模仿帝企鹅挤在一起取暖的行为。 [写作输出] 　　“I have an idea to stay warm！”Tom shouted excitedly.(1)___________ ___________________________________________ (他张开双臂，建议加入企鹅群；spreading动词-ing形式作状语).(2)____________________________ __________________________________________(玛丽担心企鹅会阻止他们，所以她犹豫了).But she was soon reassured by Tom's confident smile. (3)_____________________________________________________(他慢慢地靠近拥挤的企鹅群，蹲下身子； crouching动词-ing形式作状语).(4)_______ ______________________________________ (他轻轻地抚摸着它们，轻声说着； stroking动词-ing形式作状语).(5)_______________________________ ____________________________________________ (企鹅们虽然一开始很吃惊，但还是认出了汤姆，让他加入了他们的群体； though＋shocked分词短语作状语). Spreading his arms，he suggested joining the penguin huddles Mary was worried that the penguins might block their way，so she hesitated He slowly approached the crowded penguins，crouching down Gently stroking them with care，he whispered softly Though shocked at first，the penguins recognized Tom and let him into their group Mary quickly followed.The children squeezed into the huddle's edge with the penguins.(6)_______________________________________________________________________ (就像鸟儿一样，它们在群体移动时向中间移动，然后又向外移动； as引导状语从句). Just as the birds did，they moved toward the middle and back out as the group shifted [变式表达] 用“worried that...”形容词短语作状语，改写下面语段，使之构成一个主从复合句。 Mary was worried that the penguins might block their way，so she hesitated.But she was soon reassured by Tom's confident smile. →___________________________________________________________________________________________________ 返回 Worried that the penguins might block their way，Mary hesitated but was soon reassured by Tom's confident smile. 单元测评 返回 Ⅰ.阅读理解(本题共8个小题，每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2024·皖南八校三模) 　　Drought is an increasing problem in our warming world.All continents have been experiencing more extended periods without rain, leading to forest fires and poor crop growth.Consequently, people are looking at cloud seeding to solve the problem—a method of encouraging precipitation(降水)by sending small particles of certain chemicals into clouds. 　　Cloud-seeding expert Arlen Huggins has been studying its effectiveness.　“My earliest experience was to use cloud seeding to reduce the amount of hail in north-east Colorado.We didn't have any luck with that, but we had success later on in increasing snowfall in Utah.Now, the focus is shifting toward increasing rainfall from summer clouds, which is far more unpredictable，” he said. 　　The problem is that it's pretty hard to know whether precipitation resulted directly from cloud seeding.It might have rained or snowed anyway.Even if you practice cloud seeding in one place and don't in another, it's impossible to know for sure what caused the precipitation.“As cloud seeding is expensive and its effectiveness uncertain, its usefulness is still a matter of opinion，” says Katja Friedrich, a researcher of University of Colorado. 　　Additionally, it's not during foggy and snowy conditions that people think of increasing the chance of rainfall.When a country is hit by drought, then cloud seeding isn't an option due to the lack of clouds.During drought, skies tend to be clear with few clouds.The best option to prevent drought is to seed at times of the year when rainfall levels are normal or higher. 　　There are also environmental issues regarding the impact of cloud seeding. At high levels, the chemicals sent into the clouds can harm humans and other animals, and some studies have found them slightly poisonous.Apart from that, some environmentalists are concerned about the long-term impacts, as there isn't data on how much those chemicals accumulate in the environment over 10 years. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了干旱问题日益严重，人们考虑使用人工降雨来增加降水，但这种人工降雨的效果存在不确定性，同时也存在成本高和影响环境的问题。 1．What is the purpose of cloud seeding? A．To increase grain output. B．To slow down global warming. C．To reduce chemicals in the air. D．To deal with dry and rain-free weather. 细节理解题。根据第一段的 “Drought is an increasing problem in our warming world...Consequently, people are looking at cloud seeding to solve the problem—a method of encouraging precipitation(降水)...” 可知，人工降雨是为了应对干旱无雨的天气。故选D。 √ 2．How is Arlen Huggins' earliest experience in Paragraph 2? A．It's effective. B．It's unsuccessful. C．It's satisfying. D．It's fruitful. 推理判断题。根据第二段中的 “My earliest experience was to use cloud seeding to reduce the amount of hail in north-east Colorado.We didn't have any luck with that...” 可知， Arlen Huggins 曾经想用人工降雨的方法来减少美国科罗拉多州东北部的冰雹数量。遗憾的是，他运气不好。由此可推知， Arlen Huggins 最早的经历失败了。故选B。 √ 3．What is Katja Friedrich's attitude towards cloud seeding? A．Favorable. B．Opposed. C．Unclear. D．Doubtful. 观点态度题。根据第三段中的 “As cloud seeding is expensive and its effectiveness uncertain, its usefulness is still a matter of opinion” 可知，Katja Friedrich 认为人工降雨的做法代价高且效果不确定，因而是有待商榷的。由此可推知，Katja Friedrich 对人工降雨持怀疑态度。故选D。 √ 4．What can be inferred from the text? A．Drought currently poses the only threat to forests and crops. B．Rainmaking in any weather will come true in the near future. C．Researchers now cannot tell if rainfall is brought by cloud seeding. D．Chemicals sent into the clouds will become less poisonous over time. 推理判断题。根据第三段中的 “The problem is that it's pretty hard to know whether precipitation resulted directly...what caused the precipitation.” 可推知，目前研究人员尚无法确定降雨是人工降雨带来的结果。故选C。 √ B (2025·沈阳市高三质检) 　　Nanako Hama was holding a light envelope.When she tore it open with care, locks of hair emerged.Many strangers send Hama locks of their hair, hoping to recycle it. 　　People generate a huge amount of hair waste.Nearly all of that waste ends up in landfill, where it can release harmful greenhouse gases that contribute to climate change.But hair possesses useful qualities that it's a shame to simply throw it away.That's why people all around the world, like Hama, have been collecting hair and finding innovative ways to recycle it，including making mats (垫子) out of it for removing oil leaks in the ocean. 　　Hama is part of the non-profit Matter of Trust (MoT) members working at more than 60 centers dotted across 17 countries, using machines to make hair donated from local salons and individuals into square mat, which are then used to clean up the floating oil.“Hair is particularly well-suited for this，” says MoT co-founder Lisa Gautier.“That's because its rough sort of outer layer lets oil stick to it.” MoT's mats have been used in major oil leaks, including the 2010 Deepwater Horizon and 2007 Cosco Busan incidents. 　　In a 2018 study, Murray, an environmental scientist at the University of Technology Sydney, in Australia found that mats made of recycled human hair could absorb 0.84 grams of oil onto its surface for every gram of hair—significantly more than polypropylene (聚丙烯), a type of plastic that's typically used to clean up floating oil.Besides, hair is also useful as fertilizer. Hair contains a relatively high nitrogen, a chemical element crucial for plant growth, and each lock of hair is made of roughly 16 percent of this essential nutrient.Last year, more than 560 gallons of liquid fertilizer made from human hair was sold to farmers in northern Tanzania and the feedback from the farmers has been very encouraging. 　　“It's just a great way to use hair in a productive way.Hair is an answer literally hanging in front of our eyes—for oil and soil，” Hama says. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了利用头发的特性，将头发变废为宝做成垫子清除海洋中泄漏的油和有用的化肥促进植物生长。 5．How does the author introduce the topic? A．By presenting a scene. B．By detailing the background. C．By describing the usage of hair. D．By praising an environmentalist. 推理判断题。根据第一段中描述 Nanako Hama收到装有头发的信封的场景可推知，作者在文章开头是通过呈现一个场景来引入文章的主题的。故选A。 √ 6．What can a mat made of human hair do? A．Improve soil. B．Prevent oil leaks. C．Take in harmful gas. D．Clear the sea of oil. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的 “That's why people all around the world...including making mats (垫子)out of it for removing oil leaks in the ocean.” 可知，用头发做成的垫子可以去除海洋中泄漏的油，清除油污。故选D。 √ 7．Which qualities of hair contribute to its innovative use? A．Its color and strength. B．Its length and amount. C．Its weight and flexibility. D．Its structure and component. √ 细节理解题。根据第三段中的 “That's because its rough sort of outer layer lets oil stick to it.” 以及第四段中的 “Hair contains a relatively high nitrogen, a chemical element crucial for plant growth...” 可知，头发的结构和成分有助于它的创新用途。故选D。 8．Which best describes the future of hair waste as fertilizer? A．Uncertain. B．Promising. C．Doubtful. D．Worrying. √ 推理判断题。根据第四段中的 “Last year, more than 560 gallons of liquid fertilizer made from human hair was sold to farmers in northern Tanzania and the feedback from the farmers has been very encouraging.” 可知，去年，超过560 加仑的由人的头发制成的液体肥料被销售给了坦桑尼亚北部的农民，农民的反馈一直非常鼓舞人心。由此可推知，将头发废料作为肥料的未来是有前途的。故选B。 Ⅱ.语法填空 (本题共10个空，每空1.5分，共15分) (2024·合肥质检) 　　There is a Chinese story of an old man in his 90s working with his family to remove mountains to connect the outside world 1. ＿＿ others' doubts.　The story has inspired the Chinese to unite and overcome difficulties with 2.______________(determine) and hard work. 　　The story became a reality in Lin County, Henan Province in the 1960s.A 1，500-kilometer-long waterway along the cliffs of the Taihang Mountains 3._________(build) by the local people within 10 years, bringing precious water from the Zhanghe River in the bordering Shanxi Province to the drought-hit area. despite determination was built 　　Initially, finding drinking water was 4. headache for residents: People had to fetch water from five kilometers away every day.5. (ease) this area's water shortages, the local government decided to construct a canal across the mountains, 6. construction was a remarkable engineering achievement. 　　People tied ropes around their waists and 7. (hang) off cliffs, drilling holes in rocks, and then dug canals with simple tools.From February 1960 to July 1969, they leveled 1，250 mountain tops and dug 211 tunnels(隧道), 8.__________(remove) 22.25 million cubic meters of earth and rocks. a To ease whose hung removing 　　Their efforts gained multiple 9. (benefit).It was the canal that 10._____________(dramatic) changed the life of the local people, irrigating 36，000 hectares of land and solving water supply difficulties to some 567，000 people.Their deeds have been hailed (称颂) as the “spirit of the Red Flag Canal”． 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了红旗渠建设的背景、过程和意义。 benefits dramatically 1．答案：despite 2．答案：determination 考查介词。根据句意可知，空处的意思是 “不管，不顾”，空后为名词，所以空处应用介词，故填 despite。 考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处作介词 with 的宾语，需要用名词形式，所以空处填 determination。 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作句子的谓语，结合上一句的时间状语 in the 1960s可知，此处讲的是过去发生的事情，时态用一般过去时；主语A 1，500-kilometer-long waterway 和 build之间是被动关系，主语为第三人称单数，所以空处填 was built。 3．答案：was built 4．答案：a 考查冠词。结合句意可知，空处需要用冠词，表泛指，又因空后的 headache 发音以辅音音素开头，所以空处填a。 5．答案：To ease 6．答案：whose 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语动词是 decided，空处在句中作非谓语。结合句意可知，空处作目的状语。位于句首，首字母大写，所以空处填 To ease。 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是表示物的名词 canal，空处与 construction 之间是从属关系，所以空处填 whose。 7．答案：hung 8．答案：removing 考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，空处与 and前面的 tied 并列，作本句的谓语。此处讲的是过去发生的事情，时态用一般过去时，所以空处填 hung。 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语动词是 leveled 和 dug，空处在句中作非谓语。逻辑主语 they 与 remove 之间是主动关系，所以空处填 removing。 9．答案：benefits 10．答案：dramatically 考查名词的单复数。分析句子结构可知，空处作宾语， benefit 在此处作名词，根据空前的 multiple 可知，空处需要用名词复数，所以空处填 benefits。 考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后的动词 changed，需要用副词，所以空处填 dramatically。 返回 谢 谢 观 看 Unit 6　Survival $