内容正文:
八年级英语上册
Unit 8核心知识点
【重点单词】
(一)名词
communication(表达;交流)
Good communication is important in a relationship.(良好的交流在关系中很重要。)
speaker(说话者;发言者)
The speaker gave an interesting talk.(发言者做了一场有趣的演讲。)
speech(演说;发言)
He made a speech at the meeting.(他在会议上做了发言。)
expression(表达方式;表达)
Her expression showed she was happy.(她的表情显示她很高兴。)
meeting(会面;会议)
We have a meeting every Monday.(我们每周一有一个会议。)
difficulty(困难;难题)
He faced many difficulties in his work.(他在工作中面临许多困难。)
stranger(陌生人 [新义 n. 外地人])
Don't talk to strangers.(不要和陌生人说话。)
He is a stranger in this city.(他在这个城市是个外地人。)
training(训练;培训)
She needs training to improve her skills.(她需要培训来提高技能。)
event(公开活动;重要事情)
The concert was a big event.(这场音乐会是一件大事。)
attention(注意;专心;关注)
Pay attention to what the teacher says.(注意老师说的话。)
listener(听者)
He is a good listener.(他是一个好的倾听者。)
(二)动词
argue(争论;争吵)
They argued about the problem.(他们就这个问题争论。)
prefer(较喜欢)
I prefer coffee to tea.(比起茶,我更喜欢咖啡。)
continue(持续;继续做 [新义 v. 延伸])
She continued working after lunch.(午饭后她继续工作。)
The road continues for miles.(这条路延伸数英里。)
(三)形容词
nervous(担忧的;焦虑的;胆怯的)
She felt nervous before the exam.(考试前她感到紧张。)
impolite(不礼貌的;粗鲁的)
It's impolite to interrupt others.(打断别人是不礼貌的。)
personal(个人的;私人的)
This is my personal book.(这是我的私人书籍。)
reasonable(公平的;合理的)
His request is reasonable.(他的要求是合理的。)
(四)副词
seriously(严肃地;认真地)
He takes his work seriously.(他认真对待他的工作。)
carefully(认真地;仔细地;小心地)
She read the letter carefully.(她仔细地读了这封信。)
surely(想必;必定)
He surely knows the answer.(他想必知道答案。)
(五)兼类词
sign(n. 手势;迹象;标志 v. 签(名);签字)
There is a sign on the wall.(墙上有一个标志。)
Please sign your name here.(请在这里签名。)
medium(n. 媒介;手段 adj. 中等的;适中的)
The Internet is a medium of communication.(互联网是一种交流媒介。)
He is of medium height.(他中等身高。)
local(adj. 当地的;地方的 n. 当地人;本地人)
We should support local businesses.(我们应该支持当地企业。)
The locals are very friendly.(当地人非常友好。)
calm(adj. 镇静的;沉着的 v. 使平静;使镇静)
Keep calm in an emergency.(紧急情况下保持镇静。)
She tried to calm the crying baby.(她试图让哭泣的婴儿平静下来。)
chance(n. 机会;可能性 adj. 意外的;偶然的)
I have a chance to travel.(我有一个旅行的机会。)
We met by chance.(我们偶然相遇。)
pay(v. (paid) 付费;交纳;偿还 n. 工资;薪水)
I pay for my coffee every day.(我每天为我的咖啡付费。)
His pay is very good.(他的薪水很高。)
offer(v. 提供;主动提出 n. 主动提议;出价)
He offered me a job.(他给我提供了一份工作。)
I made an offer on the house.(我对这所房子出价了。)
social(adj. 社会的;社交的 n. 联谊会;联欢会)
We need to solve social problems.(我们需要解决社会问题。)
We had a social last week.(上周我们举办了一场联谊会。)
cost(n. 费用;价钱;代价 v. 价格为;使损失;使付出努力)
The cost of the trip is high.(旅行的费用很高。)
The mistake cost him his job.(这个错误使他失去了工作。)
benefit(v. 对…… 有用;使受益 n. 益处;成效)
This book benefits students.(这本书对学生有益。)
There are many benefits to exercise.(锻炼有很多益处。)
honour(=honor)(n. 荣幸;尊敬 v. 给…… 荣誉;表彰)
It's my honour to meet you.(见到你是我的荣幸。)
He was honoured for his bravery.(他因勇敢而受到表彰。)
date(n. 日期;日子;约会 v. 确定年代;注明日期)
What's the date today?(今天几号?)
The letter is dated May 1st.(这封信注明日期是 5 月 1 日。)
【重点短语】
face to face(面对面)
We talked face to face.(我们面对面交谈。)
text message((手机) 短信息;短信)
I sent her a text message.(我给她发了一条短信。)
show sb. around(领某人参观)
He showed us around the museum.(他领我们参观了博物馆。)
in person(亲自;亲身)
She went to the meeting in person.(她亲自去参加了会议。)
make up (with sb.)(与…… 言归于好)
They made up with each other after the argument.(争吵后他们言归于好了。)
right away(立即;马上)
He left right away.(他马上离开了。)
worry about(为…… 担心)
Don't worry about me.(不要为我担心。)
argue with sb.(与某人争论)
He argued with his friend about the game.(他和朋友就比赛争论。)
drop sb. a line(给…… 写信):
Drop me a line when you arrive.(你到达时给我写封信。)
social media(社交媒体)
Many people use social media every day.(许多人每天使用社交媒体。)
find out(查明;弄清(情况))
We need to find out the truth.(我们需要查明真相。)
be yourself(行为自然;不做作)
Just be yourself in the interview.(面试时只要做你自己。)
benefit... from...(从…… 获益)
We can benefit a lot from reading.(我们能从阅读中获益良多。)
take place(发生;进行)
The concert will take place next week.(音乐会将于下周举行。)
pay attention (to...)(注意;关注)
Pay attention to the teacher's explanation.(注意老师的讲解。)
show interest in sth.(对…… 表现出兴趣)
He shows interest in science.(他对科学表现出兴趣。)
move on (to sth.)(换话题;开始做(别的事))
Let's move on to the next topic.(让我们换个话题。)
keep(...) away from...((使) 远离;避免…… 靠近)
Keep children away from the fire.(让孩子远离火。)
make a video call(进行视频通话)
We made a video call to our grandparents.(我们和祖父母进行了视频通话。)
sign language(手语)
She can speak sign language.(她会打手语。)
on time(准时)
He arrived at the meeting on time.(他准时到达了会议。)
pick up(开车接(某人))
I'll pick you up at the station.(我会去车站接你。)
local food(当地食物)
We tried some delicious local food.(我们尝了一些美味的当地食物。)
the speech on...(关于…… 的演讲)
There will be a speech on environment.(将有一场关于环境的演讲。)
stay calm(保持冷静)
Stay calm when you face difficulties.(面对困难时保持冷静。)
build trust(建立信任)
It takes time to build trust.(建立信任需要时间。)
be careful with sth.(谨慎 / 小心(对待)某事)
Be careful with the glass.(小心这个玻璃杯。)
【重点句型】
if 引导的条件状语从句
If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.(如果明天下雨,我们将待在家里。)
find it + adj. + to do sth.
I find it easy to learn English.(我发现学英语很容易。)
It is impolite to do sth.
It is impolite to talk loudly in public.(在公共场合大声说话是不礼貌的。)
It would be a great honour to have you speak at our school.
It would be a great honour to have you visit our city.(您能访问我们的城市是我们极大的荣幸。)
【重点语法】
if 引导的条件状语从句
if 意为 “如果”,引导条件状语从句时,从句放在主句前后均可。若放在主句前,从句后面要用逗号与主句隔开。
1、时态
在含有 if 引导的条件状语从句的复合句中,主句有下列情况时,从句用一般现在时表将来。
主句为一般将来时(主将从现):
If he comes, I will invite him to dinner.(如果他来,我会邀请他吃晚饭。)
主句是祈使句(主祈从现):
Call me if you need help.(如果你需要帮助,给我打电话。)
主句含有情态动词(主情从现):
If you study hard, you can get good grades.(如果你努力学习,你能取得好成绩。)
2、与其他句式之间的转换
与“祈使句 + and/or + 一般将来时的句子” 进行转换,and 在句意上表示顺承关系,or 表示转折关系。
If you work hard, you will succeed. = Work hard, and you will succeed. = Work hard, or you won't succeed.(如果你努力工作,你会成功。= 努力工作,你就会成功。= 不努力工作,你就不会成功。)
借助介词 without 或 with 来转换条件状语从句:
If there is no air, we can't live. = We can't live without air.(如果没有空气,我们不能生存。= 没有空气我们不能生存。)
If you help me, I can finish it. = With your help, I can finish it.(如果你帮助我,我能完成它。= 有你的帮助,我能完成它。)
if 引导的条件状语从句的否定形式可以借助连词 unless 来改写:
unless 引导条件状语从句,表示 “除非,如果不”,相当于 if... not。如果主句为一般将来时、祈使句或者含有情态动词的句子时,unless 引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。
You won't pass the exam if you don't study hard. = You won't pass the exam unless you study hard.(如果你不努力学习,你不会通过考试。= 除非你努力学习,否则你不会通过考试。)
3、if 引导的条件状语从句和宾语从句的辨析
if 引导的条件状语从句意为 “如果……”,其时态遵循 “主将从现” 原则:
If she comes tomorrow, I will tell her the news.(如果她明天来,我会告诉她这个消息。)
if 引导的宾语从句意为 “是否……”,其时态受主句谓语动词的限制:
若主句谓语动词为一般过去时,if 引导的宾语从句要用相应的过去时态;若主句谓语动词为一般现在时,if 引导的宾语从句要根据实际情况来使用恰当的时态。
He asked if I was free.(他问我是否有空。);I don't know if he will come.(我不知道他是否会来。)
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