语法专题（三）句法篇 第二讲 定语从句（课件PPT）-【正禾一本通】2026年新高考英语高三一轮总复习高效讲义（北师大版）

该高中英语高考复习课件聚焦“定语从句”专题，系统覆盖关系代词、关系副词及“介词+关系代词”三大核心考点，严格对接高考评价体系。通过近5年高考真题（如2023新高考Ⅰ卷、2024新高考I卷）分析考点权重，归纳选择、语法填空、写作运用等常考题型，助力学生夯实语言能力基础，体现备考的针对性与实用性。 课件亮点在于“考点精析+真题实证+易错警示”策略，如详解只用that不用which的4种情境、as与which的区别等突破方法，结合2023全国甲卷whose定语用法真题实例，培养学生逻辑分析的思维品质。特设写作运用模块（如补全“珍爱健康”活动宣传作文），帮助学生掌握语法结构在语境中的运用技巧，教师可依托真题演练与模拟冲关精准把握学情，提升复习效率。

语法专题 英 语 第二讲——定语从句 关系代词引导的定语从句 考点一 第二讲——定语从句 第二讲——定语从句 第二讲——定语从句 第二讲——定语从句 第二讲——定语从句 第二讲——定语从句 第二讲——定语从句 第二讲——定语从句 第二讲——定语从句 关系副词引导的定语从句 考点二 第二讲——定语从句 第二讲——定语从句 第二讲——定语从句 第二讲——定语从句 “介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句 考点三 第二讲——定语从句 第二讲——定语从句 对点冲关 语法小练 第二讲——定语从句 第二讲——定语从句 第二讲——定语从句 第二讲——定语从句 第二讲——定语从句 第二讲——定语从句 第二讲——定语从句 第二讲——定语从句 第二讲——定语从句 第二讲——定语从句 关注微信公众号“正禾一本通” 获取更多相关资源 在复合句中，修饰名词、代词或整个句子的从句叫作定语从句。定语从句可以分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 1．关系代词的基本用法 关系代词 先行词 在从句中的作用 who 人 主语、宾语 whom 人 宾语、表语 关系代词 先行词 在从句中的作用 which 物 主语、宾语、表语、定语 that 人或物 主语、宾语、表语 whose 人或物 定语 as 人或物 主语、宾语、表语 ①(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) Besides, some students might be forced to work with partners whom they don't get along well with, which will significantly reduce their enthusiasm and motivation to participate.(whom作宾语；which作主语) 此外，一些学生可能会被迫与他们相处不好的伙伴合作，这将大大降低他们参与的热情和积极性。 ②Some people who are successful language learners fail in other fields.(who作主语) 有些在语言学习上很有成就的人在其他领域一无所成。 ③Dr.Rowan, whose secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all things on his own.(whose作定语) 罗文博士的秘书两周前辞职了，他现在只能自己做所有事。 2．只用that不用which的情况 (1)先行词为不定代词anything, nothing, something, everything, all, some, none, little, few等时。 I refuse to accept the blame for something that was someone else's fault. 我拒绝接受因别人的错误而对我进行的指责。 (2)先行词是形容词最高级或序数词，或先行词前有形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。 The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill. 他们在桂林参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。 (3)先行词被the only, the very, the last, the same, any, every, each, few, little, no, some, all等修饰时。 The only part of the meal that I really liked was the dessert. 这顿饭只有甜点是我真正爱吃的。 (4)先行词中既有表示人又有表示物的名词时。 They will never forget the things and persons that they've seen or heard of during their long journey. 他们将永远不会忘记在他们的长途旅行中见到或听过的人和事。 3．as和which的区别 关系代词as和which都可以用来引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句或主句中的名词或短语，一般情况下二者可互换使用，但有下列区别： (1)which引导的非限制性定语从句只能位于主句之后，as引导的从句可位于主句之前、之中和之后。 ①As anybody can see, a computer can do almost everything people can. ＝A computer can do almost everything people can，as anybody can see. ＝A computer, as anybody can see, can do almost everything people can. 任何人都明白，计算机几乎能做人所能做的一切事。 ②(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)First, students equipped with distinct speaking abilities may be paired up together, which may give rise to less effective practice or frustration. 首先，具有不同表达能力的学生可能会配对在一起，这可能会导致练习低效或沮丧情绪的产生。 (2)as常用的类似插入语的句式有：as the saying goes, as is said above, as is mentioned above, as often happens, as is often the case, as is reported in the newspaper等。 She passed the exam, as was expected. 她通过了考试，这是预料之中的事。 [名师点津]　(1)whom、which、that在从句中作宾语时可省略；但介词提前时不能省略，也不能用that； The house in which he lives is very big. 他住的房子很大。 (2)as用在限制性定语从句中时，常用于下列句式：such＋名词＋as(像……一样的，像……之类的)；the same＋名词＋as(和……同样的)。 Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China. 我们车间使用的这种机器产自中国。 先行词 关系副词 句法功能 与之相等的“介词＋关系代词” 表示时间的名词：time、day、year等 when 时间状语 ＝at/in/on/during which 表示场所的名词：park、place、country、house等 where 地点状语 ＝at/in/on/to which 表示理由的名词：reason why 原因状语 ＝for which ①Whenever I recall the moment when(＝at which)I stepped into this school，this class will come into my mind，bringing sweet memory. 每当我回忆起走进这所学校的那一刻，这个班级就会浮现在我的脑海中，给我带来甜蜜的回忆。 ②Students should involve themselves in community activities where (＝in which) they can gain experience for growth. 学生们应该参与社团活动，在这些活动中他们可以获得成长的经验。 ③The reason why(＝for which) he didn't pass the driving test was that he lacked practice. 他没有通过驾照考试的原因是他缺乏练习。 [名师点津]　(1)先行词为抽象名词point，position，situation，stage，state，case，scene 等后常用where引导定语从句。 He said if we really got to the point where we needed to use life jackets，he would have already died of terror. 他说如果我们真到了需要用救生衣的地步，他早就吓死了。 (2)先行词occasion意为“时机”时，用关系副词when；意为“场合”时，用关系副词where。 ①I can remember very few occasions when he had to cancel a meeting because of ill health. 我记得他很少有因为健康状况不佳而不得不取消会议的情况。 ②Please describe an occasion where you met with real difficulties. 请描述一个你遇到真正的困难的场合。 (3)reason作先行词时，若引导词在从句中作主语或宾语，定语从句要用that或which引导。 The boss doesn't want to hear any reason (that/which) you give. 构成 句法功能 用法指津 名词＋介词＋关系代词 主语 可转化为“whose＋名词”结构 数词，形容词最高级或some，many，each等代词＋of＋关系代词 主语 关系代词只能用which或whom 介词(短语)＋关系代词 状语 关系代词只能用which或whom且不能省略，但可与关系副词互换 介词＋关系代词＋名词 状语 关系代词常用which和whose ①Water, the temperature of which (＝whose temperature) reaches 100 ℃， begins to boil. 水的温度达到100摄氏度时，水就会沸腾。 ②I don't know the reason for which (＝why) he was late for school. 我不知道他为何上学迟到。 ③This is the pilot by whom my son was saved. 这就是那位救了我儿子的飞行员。 which Ⅰ.真题演练 1．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England. 2．(2024·全国甲卷)Yellowstone was the largest United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell­Saint Elias in southern Alaska, became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. which/that as where 3.(2024·浙江1月卷)Of course, shops are not charities—they price goods in the way will make them the most money. 4．(2023·全国甲卷)Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”． 5．(2023·全国甲卷)“There was once a town in the heart of America, all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co­existence with its surroundings，” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age­old fables. that/which that who 6．(2023·全国乙卷)But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place welcomes the fast­paced development of modern life, with 21st­century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. 7．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 8．(2022·全国甲卷)On the 1，100­kilometer journey，the man Cao Shengkang, lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident，crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces. which/that whose which 9．(2022·浙江1月卷)Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. 10．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)In ancient China lived an artist paintings were almost lifelike. 11．(全国卷Ⅱ)Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, she opened with her late husband Les. who/that when Ⅱ.模拟冲关 1．(2025·贵州六校联盟联考三)Craftsmen can make and process the components in advance and quickly put them together on site, is simple and efficient. 2．(2025·安徽“皖南八校”第二次联考)In the times the Grand Canal, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, directly connected Beijing in the north and Hangzhou in the south, Anhui traders fanned out across China. which who/that where 3．(2025·云南模拟)For the past year, all the leftover food waste from the school has gone into composting containers rather than a landfill it would be buried and would produce planet­warming gases. 4．(2025·广东佛山模拟)However, none of the 20，000 spectators made their way to the year's final game had to pay for their tickets, and they were welcome to enjoy the game in creative ways. 5．(2025·吉林延边联考)In southern China, the climate is warmer and thus there aren't many naturally frozen lakes to enjoy, people will go to indoor rinks(溜冰场) to enjoy the winter fun instead. where that 6．(2025·浙江金丽衢十二校联考)She also had great interest in astronomy and mathematics and wrote poems, commentaries, essays and several longer works, not all of survive. 7．(2025·江苏南通海门第二次调研)The Chinese language is increasingly becoming the very bond links friendly relations between China and the world, particularly Slovenia, and promotes mutual understanding and trust between Chinese and Slovenian people. which who/that whom 8．(2025·西南“3＋3＋3”诊断性联考一)“It was independently developed by China and boasts low energy consumption and great effectiveness, can reduce power consumption while increasing signal transmission efficiency，” the expert added. 9．(2025·东北三省三校模拟)Digitalization has made cultural heritage more accessible to the public, particularly to people living in rural areas would otherwise be unable to visit these sites in person. 10．(2025·江苏新高考基地联考)Their vlogs show eager food enthusiasts lining up on the streets, many of travelled from cities far away. which Ⅲ.写作运用(用定语从句补全作文) (2025·湘豫名校联考)假定你是李华，你校将要举办一场主题为“珍爱健康，关注体重”的活动，请你在学校英语报进行宣传，号召同学们参加。内容包括： 1．活动目的； 2．具体安排； 3．号召参加。 Health, Focus on Weight” Dear fellow students， To raise our awareness of keeping a healthy weight and improve our overall well­being, our school is going to launch an activity 1. (名为“珍爱健康，关注体重”)．The specific arrangements are as follows: that is called “Cherish that we can maintain a healthy weight through a balanced diet and proper exercise where physical activity after class can be encouraged First, there will be professional doctors 2. (讲课) on the relationship between weight and health as well as the way 3. (我们通过均衡的饮食和适当的运动来保持健康的体重)．Then, we'll set up various fitness classes and competitions 4. (可以鼓励课后体育活动)． This is a great opportunity for all of us to take better care of our health.So come and join us! Yours, Li Hua who will give lectures $