背诵过关测＋练 (12)（Word练习）-【正禾一本通】2026年新高考英语高三一轮总复习高效讲义（北师大版）

背诵过关测＋练（十二） 一、单词过关测＋练 阅读词汇知其意 1．item 　　 　 n．一项，一条 2．hatch vi.& vt.(使)孵化 3．packet n．小包，小盒 4．packaging n．包装盒(瓶、袋)，包装材料 5．shell n．壳；贝壳 6．innovative 　　　 adj.新颖的，创新的，革新的 7．refillable adj.可再填充的 8．bin n．垃圾箱 9．carton n．硬纸盒；塑料盒 10．council n．委员会；理事会 11．roadworks n．道路施工 12．organic adj.不使用化肥的，有机的，绿色的 13．institute n．机构；研究院 14．committee n．委员会 15．temple n．庙宇，寺院 16．Confucius 孔子 17．memorial 　　 n．纪念馆；纪念碑 adj.(对逝者)纪念的，追悼的 18．carve vt.雕，刻 19．typhoon n．台风 20．Atlantic adj.大西洋的 21．thunderstorm n．雷暴 核心词汇写其形 Ⅰ.单词默写检测 1．plastic 　　　 adj.塑料制的 2．incredibly adv.非常地，极端地 3．species n．物种，种 4．mass adj.大量的 5．decrease vi.& vt.减少 n．减少；减少的量 6．solar adj.太阳光(能)的 7．restore vt.(使)恢复 8．swallow vi.& vt.吞下，咽下 9．chopsticks n．筷子 10．jam 　　 n．拥挤，堵塞；果酱 11．gas n．气，气体 12．cancer n．癌症 13．essay n．论说文；散文 14．billion n．十亿 15．instance n．例子，实例 16．drug n．药物，药材；毒品 17．sum vt.概括，总结 n．金额，款项；总数 18．valley n．谷，山谷 Ⅱ.单词语境练 19．According to the airline rules，we suggest that you (should) switch (转换，改变) off your mobile phone before boarding. 20．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting (影响) the entire world, it's actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots. 21．Seeing her lying in bed with her leg wrapped (包扎；缠绕) in bandages，we all felt sorry for her and hoped that she would recover soon. 22．(2022·浙江1月卷)However，as days passed，I gradually got involved (参与) because he encouraged me to explain my view. 23．I feel it is you as well as your wife that are to blame (责怪，指责) for your son's bad performance at school. 24．In response to the citizens' concern，the government claimed (声称) to have taken measures to attend to the increasingly serious smog in the past two months. 25．Over the last few decades (十年)，economic globalization has contributed greatly to global growth. 拓展词汇通其变 Ⅰ.词族拓展检测 1．conservation n．保护→conserve vt.保护；节约 2．mining n．采矿业→mine n．矿；矿井→miner n．矿工 3．recycle vi.& vt.再利用，回收利用→recyclable adj.可回收利用的；可再循环的→unrecyclable adj.不可回收的 4．threat n．威胁；(灾难等坏事)发生的可能性→threaten vt.威胁；危及→threatening adj.威胁的；恐吓的 5．illegally adv.非法地，违法地→illegal adj.非法的，违法的→legally adv.合法地→legal adj.合法的 6．hunt vi.& vt.猎取，猎杀；寻找→hunting n．打猎→hunter n．猎人 7．urgent adj.紧急的，急迫的→urgently adv.迫切地；急切地→urgency n．紧急情况 8．unusual adj.异常的；不平常的→unusually adv.不寻常地→usual adj.平常的→usually adv.通常地 9．endangered adj.濒危的→endanger vt.使面临危险；危及；危害→danger n．危险→dangerous adj.危险的 10．consumer n．消费者→consume vt.消费；消耗；吃，喝→consumption n．消费；消耗 11．wasteful adj.浪费的；挥霍的→waste vt.& n．浪费 12．scenic adj.景色优美的→scene n．地点，现场；场面→scenery n．风景 13．aware adj.意识到的，明白的→awareness n．意识→unaware adj.不知道的；未察觉到的 14．chemical adj.化学的 n．化学品→chemistry n．化学→chemist n．化学家；药剂师 15．reusable adj.可再使用的，可重复使用的→reuse vt.再使用，重复使用 16．stuck adj.卡住的，无法移动的→stick vi.& vt.将……刺入(或插入)；刺 17．opponent n．反对者；对手；敌手→oppose vt.反对→opposed adj.反对的；截然不同的 18．cruel adj.残忍的→cruelly adv.残忍地；残酷地→cruelty n．残忍 Ⅱ.词族语境练 19．(2024·浙江1月卷)Anyone can contribute to its collection (collect). 20．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)We'll be working rain or shine.Wear clothes that can get dirty (dirt). 21．(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)They could not afford to pay for transportation (transport) for their dog，Tiffy，and desperately wanted to take her with them. 22．The book，which contains much information about the history of the Ming Dynasty, is both informative and entertaining.(inform) 23．Lots of species have been extinct and others are still in danger of extinction．(extinct) 24．It is essential that your diets should be varied and balanced，because your kids need various nutrition.Besides，your ingredients should vary with seasons.(vary) 25．The anxious wife was like sitting on pins and needles，and her anxiety was so obvious that we all comforted her.(anxious) 26．Some doctors think there is a relation between smoking and lung cancer.What's worse，smoking is also related to heart diseases.(relate) 27．Every student is expected to get involved in the activity and it is sure to be more meaningful with your involvement．(involve) 28．He didn't have a balanced diet or take exercise regularly，so this irregular lifestyle led to his poor health.(regular) 29．China is an agricultural country in which agriculture plays a vital role in its economy.(agriculture) 30．What angered me was that my son had told a lie to his teacher and I warned him angrily not to do that again.(anger) 31．Sally was annoyed at the children for making so annoying noise，slamming her fist on the table in annoyance．(annoy) 32．In the past，people destroyed forests and rivers for their own benefit.Their destructive activities finally cause the destruction of the earth.(destroy) 33．I don't have anything suitable to wear for the party，so I must buy an evening dress that suits me perfectly.(suit) 二、短语过关测＋练 短语翻译 短语语境练(选用左栏短语填空) 第一组 1．die out 　　　　 消失；绝迹，灭绝 2．wipe out 彻底毁灭 3．be to blame (对某事)负有责任 4．be at risk 处境危险，受到威胁 5．traffic jam 交通堵塞 6．stressed out 焦虑的 7．be related to 与……有关联 8．for instance 例如 第二组 9．sum up 　　　　　 概括，总结 10．have a role 起某种作用 11．do one's part 尽自己的职责 12．set out 开始做某事，着手进行 13．do away with 废除；结束；去掉 14．get stuck 卡住的，无法移动的 15．sit around/about 闲坐，无所事事地坐着 16．in short 总而言之 17．So far no one has come up with convincing evidence of why dinosaurs died out，and it remains a mystery. 18．When we are depressed or stressed out，home is always a shelter for us to have a rest. 19．Everyone can make contributions to protecting our natural resources.For instance，we can save lots of gas by riding a bike or walking instead of driving. 20．It is necessary for you to sum up your experience constantly and improve the efficiency of your work. 21．There is no denying that his failure in the examination is related to his laziness. 22．When setting out on a long walk，you should always wear suitable shoes. 23．Now that you are elected as our chairman，doing your part and performing your duties are what you must do. 24．Many people in cities and towns in South America are at risk from landslides. 三、句式过关测 1．虽然物种的自然灭绝并不罕见，但现在灭绝的速度让人担忧。(it is not unusual for sb to do...) Although it is not unusual for species to die out naturally，the rate at which this is now happening is cause for concern. 2．他们发现人类活动导致物种灭亡的速度比正常情况快1 000倍。(倍数表达法) They found that human activity is causing species to die out 1，000 times faster than normal． 3．没有森林，我们就没有空气可呼吸；没有干净的水，我们将无法生存。(without 引导含蓄虚拟语气) Without forests，we would have no air to breathe，and without clean water we would be unable to survive． 4．今天早上，我花了40分钟去市中心。(it takes sb some time to do...) This morning，it took me 40 minutes to go downtown． 5．又有多少次，当我们抵达工作地点或学校时感到心力交瘁、心烦气躁？(形容词短语作状语) How often do we arrive at work or school，stressed out，tired and angry? 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $