背诵过关测＋练 (5)（Word练习）-【正禾一本通】2026年新高考英语高三一轮总复习高效讲义（北师大版）

　背诵过关测＋练（五） 一、单词过关测＋练 阅读词汇知其意 1．drought 　　 n．旱灾，干旱 2．hurricane n．飓风 3．landslide n．滑坡；塌方 4．landscape n．风景，景色 5．weed n．野草；海藻 6．deer　　　　 n．鹿 7．insect n．昆虫 8．whale n．鲸 9．dolphin n．海豚 10．shark n．鲨(鱼) 11．kangaroo n．袋鼠 12．eagle n．鹰 13．fox n．狐狸 14．jungle n．(热带)丛林 15．descent n．下降，下落 16．tidal adj.潮汐的，潮水的 17．barrel n．桶 18．extent n．面积；长度；范围；程度 19．tube n．圆管，管子；(伦敦)地铁 20．lamp n．灯 21．sledge 　　 n．雪橇 22．ski n．滑雪板 vi.滑雪 23．polar adj.极地的，地极的 24．continent n．洲，大洲；大陆 25．tent n．帐篷 26．brochure n．小册子 27．aftershock n．(地震的)余震 28．metal n．金属 29．skiing n．滑雪运动 30．originality n．独创性；创造力 核心词汇写其形 Ⅰ.单词默写检测 1．disaster n．灾难；灾祸 2．flood n．洪水，水灾 3．wildlife n．野生动植物，野生生物 4．crowded adj.拥挤的；挤满人的 5．living adj.活的，活着的 6．soil n．土壤 7．overuse vt.过度使用；滥用 8．wave n.海浪；波涛；(情感的)一阵 9．escape vi.& vt.逃离；逃避 10．float vi.浮；漂 11．soul n．灵魂 12．rescue n．& vt.营救；救援 13．attempt n．& vt.努力，尝试，企图 14．overseas 　　 adv.在海外，在外国 15．site n．场所，地点 16．process n．过程，进程 17．battle n．较量，竞争；斗争；战斗 18．duty n．职责，义务；责任 19．suffering n．(肉体或精神上的)痛苦；折磨 20．nearby adv.附近 21．dust n．灰尘；尘埃 22．captain n．上校；队长；组长 23．base n．基地，大本营；基础 vt.以…… 为基地 24．distant adj.久远的；遥远的 25．varied adj.各种各样的，形形色色的 26．harmless adj.无害的 Ⅱ.单词语境练 27．My dad commented (评论) on how silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere. 28．(2023·浙江1月卷)Initially，I attended a lecture (讲座)on the flower project.The lecturer asked us to write a review on it. 29．(2021·全国乙卷)It's my honour to stand here and address my speech titled (标题为) “Be smart online learners”． 30．(2024·全国甲卷)The government has struggled to come up with measures (措施) to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River. 31．(2024·浙江1月卷)Hence, private climate (气候) engineering can proceed in relative legal safety. 32．Jim sits in front of four computer screens, controlling the equipment that cost $42 million (百万) to install. 33．The government built many shelters (避难所) for the homeless people whose houses were destroyed in the earthquake. 34．The old farmer was very upset because the strong winds caused great damage (损坏) to his crops. 拓展词汇通其变 Ⅰ.词族拓展检测 1．eruption n．爆发→erupt v．爆发；喷出 2．poetry n．诗歌；作诗的艺术→poem n．诗；诗歌→poet n．诗人 3．horrible adj.可怕的，吓人的，令人恐惧的→horror n．恐惧，害怕；令人惊恐的事→horribly adv.害怕地；可怕地；极其 4．disappearance n．消失；消亡→disappear vi.消失；消亡；灭绝→appear vi.出现linking v．看来；似乎 5．equal adj.相等的；相同的；平等的→equally adv.同样地；平等地→equality n．平等 6．interrupt vi.& vt.打断讲话→interruption n．打断，打扰；中断时间 7．loss n．丧失；死亡→lose vt.失去；丢失；使迷路→lost adj.丢失的；迷路的 8．operation n．行动，活动；手术；操作→operate v．运转；做手术；操作→operator n．接线员；操作者 9．conduct vt.实施；执行；进行vi.& vt.指挥→conductor n．指挥；售票员 10．protection n．保护；防护→protect v．保护；防护→protective adj.保护的；防护的 11．explorer n．探险者；勘察者→explore v．探索；探究；勘察→exploration n．探索；探究；勘察 12．preparation n．预备，准备→prepare v．准备；预备 13．ambition n．抱负，雄心；追求，夙愿→ambitious adj.有雄心的；野心勃勃的 14．cheerful adj.高兴的，兴高采烈的→cheer v．使高兴；欢呼n.欢呼声 15．prove vt.证明；证实→proof n．证据 16．honesty n．坦诚；诚实，正直→honest adj.诚实的→dishonest adj.不诚实的 17．sincerity n．真诚，真挚，诚实→sincere adj.真诚的→sincerely adv.诚挚地 Ⅱ.词族语境练 18．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations (observe) of different species with the aid of a mobile application. 19．Seeing the frightening scene，the little girl was frightened to death and cried with a frightened expression on her face.(frighten) 20．It is normal for children to be curious about everything.They will ask many questions curiously and we should answer them patiently to meet their curiosity．(curious) 21．People were shocked to hear that the little girl was often beaten by her stepmother.The shocking news shocked all the people around.(shock) 22．The deadly disease has affected many people and has caused at least 30 deaths up to now.(die) 23．Yesterday，I climbed to the mountain top to breathe the fresh air.Although I became breathless when I was on the top，the breath of fresh air was worth it.(breath) 24．After the first failure，the twins were so anxious that tears of anxiety rolled down their cheeks.(anxious) 25．The brave boy jumped into the river bravely to save the drowning girl，and we all praised him for his bravery．(brave) 26．Seeing the scary wolf，children were very scared，but some adults managed to scare the beast off.(scare) 27．The meeting room is quite crowded，with a lot of people crowding in it.(crowd) 28．Thanks to the swimming skills，he and his friend succeeded in surviving the terrible flood and they were the only two survivors．(survive) 二、短语过关测＋练 短语翻译 短语语境练(选用左栏短语填空) 第一组 1．turn one's back (on sb/sth) 　　　　　　　　　 对……置之不理，对……撒 手不管 2．in the direction of 朝……方向 3．on the edge of 在……边缘；某事快要发生 (尤指不好的事) 4．at (a) great speed 高速地 5．be/become curious about 对……感到好奇 6．in the end 最后 7．as a result 结果 16．It was the bright smile on her face that broke down my feeling of embarrassment, so we began talking happily. 17．She looked in the direction of the window，but there was nothing more than the deep darkness. 18．I am wondering whether you can pick him up at the airport at your convenience. 19．He walked into the woods and breathed in slowly and deeply. 20．We finally reached a small hotel but unfortunately，we found our money had run out． 第二组 8．pick up　　　　　 去接(某人);拿起;拾起;捡起 9．breathe in 吸气 10．run out 用完；耗尽 11．on the way to... 在去往……的路上 12．have difficulty with sth 在某方面有困难 13．break down 停止运转，出故障 14．make progress 稳步前进；取得进步 15．in the history of 在……的历史进程中 21．With the help of his classmates, Peter got used to the new life and gradually made progress in his studies. 22．(2024·浙江1月卷)As a result, since 1996 a group of insurance companies have spent about $2 million per year on the Alberta Hail Suppression Project. 23．(2024·新高考卷)We chatted happily on the way to the airport.I told him that thanks to his generosity and timely help, everything had gone smoothly. 三、句式过关测 1．我觉得恶心，好像在梦中从山顶上掉下来似的。(as if 引导方式状语从句) I felt sick，as if I was falling from a mountain top in a dream. 2．第一，物体越大，下落越快……(the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...) The first，the larger the bodies were，the more rapidly they fell... 3．如你所见，我能在这里讲这个故事正是因为我做了正确的决定。(the reason why...is/was that...) As you can see，the reason why I'm here to tell the story is that I made the right decision． 4．极地的冬季来临，四处一片黑暗。(全部倒装) Then came the total darkness of the polar winter. 5．下一个离去的是奥茨船长，他连走路都很困难。[have difficulty (in) doing...；非限制性定语从句] The next to go was Captain Oates，who was having great difficulty walking． 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $