必修第二册 UNIT 4 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY（教师用书Word）-【正禾一本通】2026年新高考英语高三一轮总复习高效讲义（北师大版）

任务(一)　单词背诵 重 点 词 汇 1．app 　　 　 n．应用程序 2．self­focused adj.以自我为中心的；关注自我的 3．download vt.下载 4．avatar n．(网络上代表个人的)头像，虚拟替身，图标 5．identity n．身份；特征 6．2D (2­dimensional) adj.二维的 7．sex n．性别 8．sensible adj.朴素实用的；明智的，合理的 9．hairstyle n．发型，发式 10．virtual adj.虚拟的；模拟的 11．subscribe vi.订阅，订购 12．VR (Virtual Reality) 虚拟现实 13．AR (Augmented Reality) 增强现实 14．MR (Mixed Reality) 混合现实 15．software 　　　 n．计算机软件 16．device n．设置，装置 17．mobile device 移动设备 18．button n．按钮 19．gender n．性别 20．goods n．商品 21．error n．错误；失误 22．trivial adj.没有什么价值的；微不足道的 23．emoji n．表情符号 24．thought­provoking adj.发人深省的，令人深思的 25．authority n．权威人士；专家 26．profile n．人物简介；传略 27．fantasy n．幻想作品 28．digitise vt.把……转变成数字形式，使……数字化 29．sailor n．水手，海员 30．wristband n．腕带 写 作 词 汇 1．have a great impact on 对……有重大影响 2．be addicted to computer games迷上电脑游戏 3．He admitted that the payments had indeed been made.他承认确实付过款了。 4．a super idea 一个极好的主意 5．a cartoon image 一个卡通形象 6．the selection process选拔过程 7．cheat others online 在网上行骗 8．to have different/conflicting/opposing views有不同的/矛盾的/相反的观点 9．ensure you a job 保证你能得到工作 10．building materials建筑材料 11．confirm this view 证实这种观点 12．replace old versions with new versions用新版本替换旧版本 13.give her mother a big hug给她妈妈一个大大的拥抱 14．the shallow content posted on social media社交媒体上发布的肤浅内容 15．feel 100 percent confident 有百分之百的信心 16．my personal opinion 我的个人意见 17．maintain prices维持价格水平 18．send a message to your smartphone给你的智能手机发送一条信息 19．a brief introduction 简短介绍 20．a series of tests 一系列的测试 21．my favourite author 我最喜欢的作家 22．an amazing achievement 卓越的成就 23．the present government's policy on education当前政府的教育政策 拓 展 词 汇 1． enable vt.　　　　 使可能，使发生；使能够 able adj. 有能力的，能干的 disable vt. 使残疾；使失去能力 disabled adj. 残疾的；丧失能力的 2． convenience n. 方便，便利 convenient adj. 方便的，便利的 inconvenient adj. 不方便的 3． effect n. 效应；影响；效果 effective adj. 有效的；产生预期效果的；起作用的 affect vt. 影响；使感动；使感染(疾病) 4． recommendation n. 建议，提议；推荐 recommend vt. 建议；推荐 5． explore vt. 探险；探究；探讨 explorer n. 探险家；考察者 exploration n. 探险；探索 6． personality n. 个性，性格 personal adj. 个人的 person n. 人 7． admit vi.& vt. 承认 admission n. 承认；入场费；允许进入 8． alarm n. 闹钟；惊恐，惊慌 vt. 使惊恐 alarming adj. 使人惊恐的；令人惊慌的 alarmed adj. 担心的；害怕的 9． variety n. 多样化，变化 various adj. 各种各样的；千差万别的 vary vi. 不同；变化 varied adj. 各种各样的，形形色色的 10．creativity n. 创造力；独创性 create vt. 创造 creative adj. 创造性的 creation n. 创造(物) 11．obviously adv. 明显地，显而易见地 obvious adj. 明显的 12．concern n. 担忧，忧虑 vt. 与……有关；使担心 concerned adj. 关切的，关心的 concerning prep. 关于 13．accommodation n. 住处；住宿；工作场所 accommodate vt. 为……提供住宿；容纳 14．powerful adj. 效能高的；强有力的；强壮的；有权势的 power n. 能力；力量；权力；电力供应 15．latest adj. 最新的；最近的 late adj. 晚的；迟到的 lately adv. 最近；不久前 16．reality n.　　　　 现实；真实 real adj. 真实的；真正的 really adv. 真正地 17．account n. 账户 accountant n. 会计(员)；会计师 18．press vt. 按 pressure n. 压力 vt. 对……施加压力，强迫 19．favour n. 恩惠；善意的行为；支持 favourite adj. 最喜欢的 favourable adj. 赞成的；有利的 20．deliver vi.& vt. 递送；传送；使分娩；传达 delivery n. 递送；配送；分娩 21．harm n．& vt. 伤害，损害 harmful adj. 有害的 harmless adj. 无害的 22．argument n. 论点；论据 argue v. 争论；辩论 23．concentrate vi. 专注，专心；集中注意力 concentration n. 专注；集中 24．rewarding adj. 有益的；有意义的 reward vt.& n. 报答；回报；奖励 25．addition n. 增添；添加 add v. 增添；增加；补充说；(使)相加 additional adj. 附加的；额外的；追加的 additionally adv. 除此之外；此外 26．basis n. 基础；基点 base n. 基地，大本营；基础 vt. 以……为基础 basic adj. 基础的；基本的 basically adv. 基本上 27．focus vi.& vt. 集中(注意力) n. 焦点 focused adj. 注意力集中的 28．limiting adj. 局限的，限制性的 limit vt.& n. 限制 limited adj. 有限的 29．location n. 地点；位置 located adj. 位于 locate vt. 找出……的位置；使……坐落(于) 30．optional adj. 可选择的；非强制的 option n. 选择 31．imaginary adj. 想象的，虚构的 imagine v. 想象 imagination n. 想象(力)；创造力 imaginative adj. 富于想象力的；创新的 32．privacy n.　　　 隐私；私密 private adj. 私人的；秘密的 privately adv. 私下地 33．accessible adj.　　　 易懂的；易得到的 access n. 途径；通路；机会；权利 vt. 进入；接近 教 材 外 课 标 词 汇 1．cave /keɪv/ n．山洞；洞穴 2．ceiling /'siːlɪη/ n．天花板；上限 3．celebrity /sə'lebrəti/ n．名望；名誉；名人；名流 4．cm abbr.(centimetre or centimeter)厘米 5．chairman /'tʃeəmən/ n．主席；主持人；董事长 6．channel /'tʃænəl/ n．航道；海峡；频道 7．chaos /'keɪɒs/ n．混乱；杂乱；紊乱 8．chart /tʃɑːt/ n．图表 vt.记录；制订计划 9．cheek /tʃiːk/ n．面颊；脸颊 10．cheese /tʃiːz/ n．干酪；奶酪 11．chief /tʃiːf/ adj.最重要的；最高级别的 n．(公司或机构的)首领；酋长 12．China /'tʃaɪnə/ n．瓷；瓷器 一 词 多 义 1．blog ①n.博客；网络日志 ②vi.写博客 2．trick ①vt.欺骗，诱骗，哄骗 ②n.把戏；技巧；诀窍；引起错觉的事物 3．experiment ①vi.& vt.做试验，进行实验 ②n.实验 4．type ①vi.& vt.打；打字 ②n.类型，种类 5．view ①vt.看，把……视为 ②n.看法；意见；景色，风景 6．content ①n.内容；目录；所含之物，所容纳之物 ②adj.满足的，满意的 ③vt.使满足，使满意 熟 词 生 义 1．tablet [常见义]n.平板电脑→[生僻义]n.药片，片状物； 碑，牌 2．content [常见义]n.内容；目录→[生僻义]n.含量；成分 3．fancy [常见义]adj.花哨的；别致的；昂贵的→[生僻义]n.想象的事物；想象(力) vt.想要；想象；设想；认为……会赢 词 源 猜 义 1．self­focused　self (自我)＋focused(集中)→专注于自身→引申为：adj.以自我为中心的；关注自我的 2．download　down(向下)＋load(装载)→从网络上向下装载数据→引申为：vt.下载 3．identity　ident(相同)＋ity(名词词缀)→表示相同的特征→引申为：n.身份，特性 4．authority　auth(增长)＋ority(名词词缀)→更高一层的人或机构→引申为：n.权威人士，专家 5．ensure en(使)＋sure(确定)→使某事变得确定→引申为：vt.确保，保证 6．material　mater(物质)＋ial(形容词词缀)→与物质相关的→引申为：adj.物质的，材料的 7．confirm　con(共同)＋firm(坚固)→共同使某事变得坚固→引申为：vt.确认，证实 8．convenience　con(共同)＋ven(来)＋ience(名词词缀)→共同到来的便利→引申为：n.便利，方便 9．recommendation　re(再次)＋commend(称赞)＋ation(名词词缀)→一再称赞→引申为：n.推荐，建议 10．personality　person(人)＋ality(名词词缀)→个人的特征或品质→引申为：n.个性，性格 11．maintain　 main(主要)＋tain(保持)→保持主要的状态→引申为：vt.维持，维护 任务(二)　短语、句式、语篇背诵 Ⅰ.短语巧学助记 1．be addicted to　　 沉迷 2．a variety of 各种各样的 3．enable sb to do... 使某人能够做…… 4．instead of 代替，而不是 5．look forward to 盼望，期盼 6．point out 指出 7．more or less 或多或少 8．be concerned with 关心…… 9．in addition 除此之外 10．focus on　　　　　　 关注 11．compare to 比得上…… 12．not necessarily 不一定 13．stay in touch with 和……保持联系 14．share sth with sb 和某人分享某物 15．on the basis of 根据；以……为基础 16．on the move ①在行进中 ②在移动中 17．more than ①多于 ②不仅仅 ③非常 18．care for ①照顾 ②喜欢 Ⅱ.句式遮挡背诵 1．These digital identities，known as avatars，are a key part of how people use the Internet to communicate and express themselves.(过去分词短语作后置定语) 2．While the Internet can bring people closer together，it can also harm friendships.(while引导让步状语从句) 3．According to a parenting expert，Denise Daniels，communicating through a screen makes it more difficult for children to concentrate or show kindness to others.(it 作形式宾语) 4．You can stay in touch with friends no matter where you are or what you are doing.(“no matter＋特殊疑问词”引导让步状语从句) 5．To me，this is a very thought­provoking argument，as it points out the benefits of online friendships.(as 引导原因状语从句) 6．That's why I believe that books about foreign cultures or imaginary worlds are the best！(That is why...) [遮住左栏尝试背诵] 1．这些数字身份，被称作“虚拟形象”，是人们利用互联网进行交流和表达自己的关键部分。 2．虽然互联网可以让人们更亲近，但它也会损害友谊。 3．根据育儿专家丹尼斯·丹尼尔斯的说法，通过屏幕交流会使儿童更难集中注意力或对他人表示善意。 4．无论你在哪里、在做什么，都可以和朋友保持联系。 5．对我来说，这是一个非常发人深省的争论，因为它指出了线上友谊的好处。 6．那就是为什么我认为关于外国文化或想象世界的书是最好的！ Ⅲ.语篇词汇串记 　　Nowadays，it is not unusual for a person to have such mobile devices as a smartphone or a tablet.Obviously，social apps on them enable you to do a variety of things.For example，you can buy super goods，ask for recommendations on hairstyles，subscribe to newspapers，and even download the latest learning materials.Some educational apps are becoming very powerful, which makes a series of famous teachers' amazing lessons accessible to ordinary students.While these apps have indeed brought people so much convenience and have had a positive effect，we have to admit they can harm us to an extent.Firstly，students are so addicted to social media that neither can they concentrate on study, nor can they explore the real world.Secondly，some are only concerned with their shallow online communication and don't maintain the rewarding friendships in reality, making them self­focused.In addition，people are likely to be tricked if they are too trusting.Evil people might create false identities and they often have several avatars of different types，such as sensible ones，good­looking ones and fancy ones.One cheat might be chatting with you under different identities.Consequently，do remember to protect your privacy and don't tell your bank account to anyone unless his identity has been confirmed.Lastly，the contents of some blogs are not healthy.In brief，nothing is 100 percent good.In my opinion，you must focus on your online safety when these apps are used. [遮住左栏，忆加黑词汇] 如今，对于一个人来说，拥有智能手机或平板电脑等这样的移动设备并不罕见。显然，移动设备上的社交应用可以让你做很多事情。例如，你可以购买优质商品，询问发型建议，订阅报纸，甚至下载最新的学习材料。一些教育应用程序变得非常强大，让普通学生也能接触到众多名师的精彩课程。虽然这些应用程序确实给人们带来了很多便利，并产生了积极的影响，但我们不得不承认，它们在一定程度上也会伤害我们。首先，学生们如此沉迷于社交媒体，既不能集中精力学习，也不能探索现实世界。其次，有些人只关心他们肤浅的网上交流，而不会在现实中维持有益的友谊，使他们以自我为中心。此外，如果人们过于信任别人，他们很可能会被欺骗。邪恶的人可能会创造虚假的身份，他们通常有几个不同类型的化身，比如理智的，好看的和花哨的。一个骗子可能用不同的身份和你聊天。因此，一定要记得保护你的隐私，不要把你的银行账户告诉任何人，除非他的身份已经确认。最后，一些博客的内容不健康。简而言之，没有什么是百分之百好的。在我看来，当你使用这些应用程序时，你必须关注你的在线安全。 任务(三)　背诵过关测＋练 1、 单词过关测＋练 阅 读 词 汇 知 其 意 1．self­focused adj.以自我为中心的；关注自我的 2．download vt.下载 3．identity n．身份；特征 4．sensible adj.朴素实用的；明智的，合理的 5．blog n．博客；网络日志vi.写博客 6．hairstyle n．发型，发式 7．virtual adj.虚拟的；模拟的 8．subscribe vi.订阅，订购 9．software n．计算机软件 10．mobile device 移动设备 11．button 　　 n．按钮 12．gender n．性别 13．goods n．商品 14．error n．错误；失误 15．tablet n．平板电脑；药片； 碑，牌 16．authority n．权威人士；专家 17．profile n．人物简介；传略 18．fantasy n．幻想作品 19．sailor n．水手，海员 20．wristband n．腕带 核 心 词 汇 写 其 形 Ⅰ.单词默写检测 1．addicted　　　 adj.对……着迷的；沉迷的 2．super adj.极好的，了不起的 3．image n．图像；形象 4．fancy adj.花哨的；别致的 5．trick vt.欺骗,诱骗,哄骗n.把戏；技巧； 诀窍 6．experiment vi.& vt.做试验，进行实验n.实验 7．selection n．选择；供选择的同类物品 8．type vi.& vt.打；打字 n．类型，种类 9．cheat vt.欺骗；欺诈 n.欺骗行为；骗子 10．view 　　　 vt.看，把……视为 11．ensure vt.确保，保证 12．material n．材料；素材 13．confirm vt.确认；证实 14．shallow adj.肤浅的，浅薄的 15．percent n．百分比；百分数 16．opinion n．意见；看法；主张 17．smartphone n．智能手机 18．series n．系列 19．author n．作者，作家 Ⅱ.单词语境练 20．(2023·全国甲卷)Many great people have an enormous impact (影响) on my growth, one of whom is Lin Qiaozhi. 21．As the old saying goes, “A friend in need is a friend indeed (确实)”． 22．I'm writing to apologize to you for not being able to attend your lecture on the brief (简洁的) history of English literature tomorrow afternoon. 23．(2024·浙江1月卷)Any passer­by can “borrow”a book from its shelves, and return it later, or replace (替代) it with another title from their own collection. 24．I began to cry out with relief, throwing my arms around him and hugging (拥抱) him tightly. 25．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)And are listening to and viewing content (内容) as effective as reading the written word when covering the same material? 26．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)The moment I appeared at the award presentation, I became the only focus (中心；焦点) in the big hall. 27．I gained a greater appreciation for the role that plants play in maintaining (维持；保持)the balance of our ecosystem. 拓 展 词 汇 通 其 变 Ⅰ.词族拓展检测 1．enable vt.使可能，使发生；使能够→able adj.有能力的，能干的→disable vt.使残疾；使失去能力→disabled adj.残疾的；丧失能力的 2．recommendation n．建议，提议；推荐→recommend vt.建议；推荐 3．explore vt.探险；探究；探讨→explorer n．探险家；考察者→exploration n．探险；探索 4．personality n．个性，性格→personal adj.个人的→person n．人 5．.alarm n．闹钟；惊恐，惊慌 vt.使惊恐→alarming adj.使人惊恐的；令人惊慌的→alarmed adj.担心的；害怕的 6．obviously adv.明显地，显而易见地→obvious adj.明显的 7．concern n．担忧，忧虑 vt.与……有关；使担心→concerned adj.关切的，关心的→concerning prep.关于 8．latest adj.最新的；最近的→late adj.晚的；迟到的→lately adv.最近；不久前 9．reality n．现实；真实→real adj.真实的；真正的→really adv.真正地 10．account n．账户→accountant n．会计(员)；会计师 11．privacy n．隐私；私密→private adj.私人的；秘密的→privately adv.私下地 12．deliver vi.& vt.递送；传送；使分娩；传达→delivery n．递送；配送；分娩 13．harm n．& vt.伤害，损害→harmful adj.有害的→harmless adj.无害的 14．concentrate vi.专注，专心；集中注意力→concentration n．专注；集中 15．addition n．增添；添加→add vt.增添；增加；补充说vi.& vt.(使)相加→additional adj.附加的；额外的；追加的→additionally adv.除此之外；此外 16．imaginary adj.想象的，虚构的→imagine v．想象→imagination n．想象(力)；创造力→imaginative adj.富于想象力的；创新的 Ⅱ.词族语境练 17．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)The best way to ease pressure (press) on over­touristed destinations is to go somewhere else. 18．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)This process requires you to step away from optional (option) online activities for thirty days. 19．(2023·浙江1月卷)Most long­distance trains，especially the sleeping car accommodations (accommodate)，sell out very quickly. 20．(2023·全国乙卷)Learning to knit helped me develop my creativity (create) and problem­solving skills. 21．Located (locate) where the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu contributes more to the Belt and Road Initiative. 22．Mr.White was fed up with arguing with his wife，because argument can't solve any problems.(argue) 23．The effective measures the government has taken will have great effects on people's life.(effect) 24．Though I was not rewarded with money，I felt it rewarding to help those in need.(reward) 25．Fallen rocks cut off the only access to the village，so it is not accessible to the outside now.(access) 26．Tom applied for admission to the graduate program at Northwestern University but wasn't admitted into it at last.(admit) 27．Varieties of after­class activities will be held，varying from the English Corner to the Literature Quizzes.So we students can get various experiences.(vary) 28．It's very convenient for me to buy some food because there is a convenience store near my home.(convenient) 29．Based on your current English level，you should try your best to increase your basic knowledge on a daily basis．(base) 30．Last year he came to power and became the most powerful man in the company.(power) 二、短语过关测＋练 短语翻译 短语语境练(选用左栏短语填空) 第一组 1．be addicted to　　 沉迷 2．a variety of 各种各样的 3．enable sb to do... 使某人能够做…… 4．instead of 代替，而不是 5．more or less 或多或少 6．be concerned with 关心…… 13．(2024·浙江1月卷)Instead, she focused on reaching the shadow cast on the track by an oak tree up ahead. 14．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)In addition, I have an old two­volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence. 第二组 7．in addition　　　　 除此之外 8．focus on 关注 9．compare to 比得上…… 10．not necessarily 不一定 11．stay in touch with 和……保持联系 12．on the move 在行进中；在移动中 15．Not only can I stay in touch with my friends and family through my cell, but I can also gather almost all information on the Internet. 16．Only strong­willed people prefer to smile and value their lives instead of crying and complaining about something. 17．Be concerned with the well­being of the masses and pay attention to working methods. 三、句式过关测 1．虽然互联网可以让人们更亲近，但它也会损害友谊。(while引导让步状语从句) While the Internet can bring people closer together，it can also harm friendships. 2．根据育儿专家丹尼斯·丹尼尔斯的说法，通过屏幕交流会使儿童更难集中注意力或对他人表示善意。(it作形式宾语) According to a parenting expert，Denise Daniels，communicating through a screen makes it more difficult for children to concentrate or show kindness to others． 3．无论你在哪里、在做什么，都可以和朋友保持联系。(“no matter＋特殊疑问词”引导让步状语从句) You can stay in touch with friends no matter where you are or what you are doing． 4．对我来说，这是一个非常发人深省的争论，因为它指出了线上友谊的好处。(as 引导原因状语从句) To me，this is a very thought­provoking argument，as it points out the benefits of online friendships． 5．那就是为什么我认为关于外国文化或想象世界的书是最好的！(That is why...) That's why I believe that books about foreign cultures or imaginary worlds are the best! Part 1　核心词汇——学搭配 effect n．效应，影响(effective adj.有效的；有影响的) 【知识归纳】　 ◎have an effect/impact/influence on/upon... 对……有影响 ◎come into effect/take effect 生效；起作用 ◎bring/put...into effect 使……生效 ◎be of no effect 无效果的 【写作语料】　 ◎take effective measures to do sth采取有效措施做某事 ◎bring/put the new law into effect实施这部新法律 ◎have a far­reaching effect on the Chinese educational system对中国的教育制度产生深远的影响 【语境运用】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①(2023·全国甲卷)Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective (effect) at getting grizzlies away. ②(2024·全国甲卷)政府正在实施一些政策，以鼓励人们采用这些政策，这将对我们的地球有好处。 The government is putting policies into effect to encourage their adoption, which will benefit our planet. ③(2023·全国甲卷)李白一生创作了大量优秀的诗歌，对中国文化产生了巨大的影响。 During his lifetime, Li Bai wrote a great number of excellent poems, all of which have a great effect/impact/influence on Chinese culture．(定语从句) admit vi.& vt.(admitted; admitted; admitting)承认 vt.准许进入(或加入) (admission n．准许进入；承认；入场费) 【知识归纳】　 ◎admit doing/having done/that... 承认做/做过/承认…… ◎It is admitted that... 人们公认…… ◎be admitted to/into 被录取到；被允许进入 ◎be admitted as... 作为……被接受 【写作语料】　 ◎admit new members招收新队员 ◎be admitted to be a good chance被认为是一个好机会 ◎be admitted to hospital被送往医院 ◎free admission 免费入场券 【语境运用】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①(2024·全国甲卷)人们公认，近年来中国在交通基础设施方面取得了重大进展。 It is widely admitted that China has made significant progress in transportation infrastructure in recent years. ②他含着眼泪承认他在期末考试中作弊了，并保证再也不会这样做了。[读后续写之情绪描写] With tears in his eyes，he admitted cheating/having cheated/that he had cheated in the end­of­term examination and he ensured that never would he do that again. concern n．担忧；忧虑 vt.与……有关；使担心；涉及(concerned adj.关切的，关心的；担心的；有关的　concerning prep.关于) 【知识归纳】　 ◎show/express concern about/for 对……表示关心/担心 ◎be concerned about/for... 关心/担心…… ◎be concerned with... 与……有关；关注…… ◎as far as sb/sth be concerned 就某人/某事而言 【写作语料】　 ◎show genuine concern for others' well­being对他人的幸福表现出真诚的关心 ◎express concern about the environmental problem 对环境问题表示担忧 ◎a matter of great concern to the public公众高度关注的问题 【语境运用】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The public are concerned about food safety，because it concerns people's health.It is hoped that the authorities can really do something concerning public health.(concern) ②了解到你在汉语口语学习方面有困难，并且感到困惑，我真的很担心你的情况。 Knowing that you have difficulty in oral Chinese learning and feel confused, I am really concerned about your condition． ③(2024·浙江1月卷)我担心许多学生在校期间可能没有得到足够的体育活动，这就是我建议在课间休息时加入跳绳的原因。 I am concerned that many students may not be getting enough physical activity during the school day, which is why I recommend incorporating rope skipping into our breaks. favour n．恩惠；善意的行为；喜爱 vt.喜爱；偏袒(favourable adj.赞同的；有利的　favourite adj.最喜爱的) 【知识归纳】　 ◎ask sb a favour＝ask a favour of sb 求某人帮一个忙 ◎do a favour for sb＝do sb a favour 帮某人一个忙 ◎owe sb a favour 欠某人一个人情 ◎in sb's favour 对某人有利的 ◎in favour of 支持；赞同 【写作语料】　 ◎create a favourable learning environment创造良好的学习环境 ◎favour the entertaining ways over the traditional ones更喜欢娱乐的方式而不是传统的方式 ◎be in favour of the creative suggestion赞成这个创造性的建议 【语境运用】　完成句子/词汇升级 ①当听到他们大多数人不赞成他的意见时，他勃然大怒。[读后续写之情绪描写] He boiled with anger when hearing that most of them weren't in favour of his opinion． ②每当我请我最好的朋友帮忙时，他总会毫不犹豫地来帮助我，所以我欠他一个人情。 Whenever I ask my best friend a favour/ask a favour of my best friend，he will always come to my aid without hesitation，so I owe him a favour． ③We sincerely hope you can help us and give us some guidance on how to adapt a story from our English textbook for a short play. →We sincerely hope you can do us a favour/do a favour for us and give us some guidance on how to adapt a story from our English textbook for a short play. harm n．& vt.伤害；损害(harmful adj.有害的　harmless adj.无害的；不致伤害的) 【知识归纳】　 ◎harm one's health/reputation 损害某人的健康/名誉 ◎do/cause harm to sb＝do/cause sb harm 对某人造成损害/伤害 ◎There is no harm in doing sth 做某事没有害处 ◎be harmful to... 对……有害 【写作语料】　 ◎do a lot of harm to the environment对环境有极大危害 ◎be harmful to our health损害我们的健康 ◎mean no harm没有恶意 ◎exposure to harmful chemicals 接触有害化学物质 【语境运用】　完成句子 ①众所周知， 沉迷于手机有害健康。[应用文之倡议书] What is known is that being addicted to cellphones does harm to/is harmful to/harms health． ②(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)我的老师给了我一个鼓励的微笑，说：“在我看来，参加写作比赛并没有什么坏处。” My teacher cast me an encouraging smile，saying，“In my opinion，there is no harm in entering a writing contest．” ③近来，违反交通规则和乱扔垃圾的现象很常见，对生活和环境造成了严重的危害。[应用文之倡议书] These days, breaking traffic rules and littering are common, causing/doing serious harm to our life and the environment. argument n．论点；论据；争论；争辩(argue v．争论；劝说； 主张) 【知识归纳】　 ◎argue with sb about/over sth 与某人争论某事 ◎argue sb into/out of doing sth 说服某人做/不做某事 ◎argue for/against 支持/反对…… ◎argue that... 提出理由说明；主张…… 【写作语料】　 ◎argue with each other about/over whether we should study online就是否应该在线学习的问题争论不休 ◎argue for studying online支持在线学习 ◎argue against exploring space 反对探索太空 【语境运用】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①It is beyond argument (argue) that the Great Wall is one of the symbols of China．[应用文之推荐信] ②(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)令我非常高兴的是，我终于说服了大卫参加越野跑，它被认为是一项有益的活动。 To my great joy, I finally argued David into taking part in the cross­country run，which was viewed as a rewarding activity. ③(2022·全国乙卷)65%的学生赞成听英语歌曲，而18%的学生主张他们可以通过阅读英语经典名著提高他们的英语水平。 65% of the students argue for enjoying English songs while 18% of the students argue that they can have their English level improved by reading English classics. replace vt.取代；接替；放回原处 【知识归纳】　 ◎replace...with/by... 用……替换…… ◎replace...as... 取代……而成为…… ◎take the place of＝take one's place 代替 ◎in place of 代替(介词短语，不作谓语) 【写作语料】　 ◎replace plastic bags with paper bags 用纸袋代替塑料袋 ◎replace him as the leading role取代他成为主角 ◎use public transportation in place of private cars使用公共交通工具来代替私家车 【语境运用】　完成句子/一句多译 ①(2024·全国甲卷)在日常出行中，私家车在很大程度上已经被共享单车所取代，这为人们提供了一种方便和环保的短途出行方式。 When it comes to our daily trips, private cars have been largely replaced by shared bicycles, which offer a convenient and eco­friendly way to travel short distances. ②(2024·全国甲卷)在许多城市，这些共享单车已经部分取代了私家车，因而减少了交通拥堵，促进了更环保的生活方式。 →These shared bicycles have partly taken the place of private cars in many cities, reducing traffic congestion and promoting a greener lifestyle. →These shared bicycles have partly replaced private cars in many cities, reducing traffic congestion and promoting a greener lifestyle. rewarding adj.有益的；有意义的(reward vt.奖励；酬谢 n．报酬；奖励) 【知识归纳】　 ◎as a reward for 以报答/奖赏…… ◎in reward for 为酬谢……；作为奖励 ◎reward sb with...for sth 因为某事而用……酬谢某人 ◎be rewarded with 得到……奖赏 【写作语料】　 ◎an interesting and rewarding experience 一次有趣且意义非凡的经历 ◎financial reward 物质奖励；经济回报 ◎be rewarded for your generosity你的慷慨会得到回报 【语境运用】　完成句子 ①(2022·浙江6月卷)除了服务时间之外，通过这次有益的经历，我得到了更有价值的东西：每一个微小的善举都会产生影响。 Through the rewarding experience，apart from the service hours，I was rewarded with something more valuable：Every small action of kindness makes an impact. ②我很乐意带你游玩北京，以报答你的慷慨相助。 I'm more than willing to show you around Beijing as a reward for/in reward for/to reward you for your generous help． basis n．基础；基点；基准(base n．基地；大本营；基础 vt.以……为基础或根据　basic adj.基础的；基本的　basically adv.基本上) 【知识归纳】　 ◎on a daily/regular basis 每天/定期 ◎on the basis of 在……的基础上 ◎base...on/upon... 把……建立在……的基础上 ◎be based on/upon... 以……为基础 【写作语料】　 ◎some basic table manners一些基本的餐桌礼仪 ◎on the basis of fact以事实为基础 ◎playing football on a regular basis 经常踢足球 ◎be based on a true case 根据真实案例 【语境运用】　完成句子 ①(2022·天津6月卷)英语口语俱乐部的成员把每天用英语交流当成习惯。基于大量的练习，他们逐渐讲出了一口流利的英语。 Spoken English Club members make it a habit to communicate with each other in English on a daily basis．On the basis of/Based on much practice，they have gradually spoken fluent English. ②(2024·浙江1月卷)基于各种研究，仅仅10分钟的跳绳就可以燃烧与跑步30分钟相当的卡路里。 Based on various studies, just ten minutes of jumping rope can burn as many calories as running for thirty minutes. focus vi.& vt.集中(注意力) n．焦点 【知识归纳】　 ◎focus (...) on/upon... 集中(……)于…… ◎focus one's attention/eyes/energy on... 集中注意力于…… ◎the focus of attention/concern 注意力/关注的焦点 【写作语料】　 ◎with his attention focused on his homework他的注意力集中在家庭作业上 ◎focus (my attention) on the details of the painting 关注画作的细节 ◎focus on improving ourselves and pursuing our own goals 专注于提高自己，追求自己的目标 ◎the focus of the discussion讨论的焦点 【语境运用】　完成句子 ①(2024·新高考卷)我把焦点集中在花瓣的不同颜色和形状上，这使我的画充满活力和生机。 I focused (my attention) on the different colors and shapes of the petals, which made my painting vibrant and lively. ②她目不转睛地看着我，轻声说了些什么，仿佛在分享只有我们能理解的秘密。[读后续写之动作描写] With her eyes focused on me, she spoke softly, as if sharing a secret that only we could understand.(with复合结构) ③(2021·浙江1月卷)头发打结，南瓜肉盖着鼻子，我成了网上看这条视频的人关注的焦点。 Hair full of knots and tangles and nose covered by pumpkin pulp，I became the focus of the attention of those who viewed the video posted online. in addition 除此之外 【知识归纳】　 ◎in addition to “除……以外(还……)” ◎besides 另外 ◎what's more 另外，此外 ◎moreover 而且 ◎furthermore 此外， 而且 【写作语料】　 ◎The city has the largest population in the country and in addition is a major shipping port.该城市是该国人口最多的城市，另外还是一个主要的航运港口。 【语境运用】　完成句子 ①另外，他很热心，乐于帮助有需要的人，这是我向你推荐他的原因。[应用文之推荐信] In addition/Moreover/Besides/Furthermore/What's more, he is warm­hearted and willing to help others in need, for which I recommend him to you. ②除了了解过去，历史教学还可以帮助学生独立思考。 In addition to learning about the past, history teaching can help students to think for themselves. Part 2　阅读词汇——善辨义 1．trick A．n.技巧;诀窍 B．n.引起错觉的事物 C．vt.欺骗;欺诈 ①(2024·全国甲卷)Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors, 1880－1990：Into the Light. A ②Was there somebody standing there or was it a trick of the light？ B ③Realizing he had been tricked，the prince returned the daughter to her mother. C 2．view A．n.景色，风景　 B．n.观点；意见　 C．vt.把……视为　 D．n.视野 ①(2022·全国乙卷)Half of the students view watching English movies as the most effective way to practice English. C ②(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)From a 21st­century point of view，the printed book is certainly ancient，but it remains as interactive as any battery­powered e­reader. B ③(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Breathtaking views of the lowlands of Carlow can be enjoyed in the presence of welcoming guides from local walking clubs. A ④On the way to the farm, attractive scenery came into view, and you can imagine how thrilled we were. D 3．fancy A．vt.想要；喜欢　 B．vt.想象；设想　 C．vt.认为……会成功/赢　 D．adj.昂贵的　 E．adj.精致的　F．adj.花哨的 ①Which team do you fancy to win the Speech Competition this year？ C ②I feel greatly honored to be invited to a restaurant with fancy prices. D ③I just wanted a simple black dress，nothing fancy. F ④Guests were told to come in fancy dress，and therefore，I must borrow one from my best friend. E ⑤Do you fancy going to the dance on Saturday night？ A ⑥I can't fancy her to be a teacher and it is beyond my imagination. B 巧借前缀re­推测词义 前缀re­有两重含义：“重，又，再”和“回，返回” 本单元：replace　re­ (重, 又)＋place (地方)→重新放置在原位置→引申为：v.代替；取代 1．(2024·全国甲卷)For 10 months every year, the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks, before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock (补给).vi.补充燃料，加油 2．(2023·全国甲卷)So，it's been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I've moved out.vt.重新粉刷 3．(2023·全国甲卷)Eric Weiner's The Socrates Express：In Search of Life Lessons from Dead Philosophers reawakened my love for philosophy. vt.重新唤起 4．(2023·浙江1月卷)The last day to cancel registration and receive a full refund is June 15.n.退款 5．(2022·全国甲卷)Sherman Cymru's theatre in the Cathays area of Cardiff reopened in February 2012.vi.重新开放 6．(2021·全国甲卷)I come to you，hat in hand，to apologize for the damage I had indirectly caused and to ask you to reconsider my lifetime ban from the hotel.vt.重新考虑 Part 3　经典句式——会表达 句式：while 引导让步状语从句 【教材原句】　While the Internet can bring people closer together，it can also harm friendships. 虽然互联网可以让人们更亲近，但它也会损害友谊。 【知识归纳】 while的用法如下： ◎用作从属连词，意为“虽然；尽管”。 ◎用作从属连词，意为“当……的时候；在……时”。 ◎用作并列连词，意为“然而”，表示前后分句的对比转折。 ◎用作名词，意为“一段时间(尤指较短的时间)”，如：for a while(暂时)；in a while(过一会儿)。 注意：while引导从句时，若从句中的主语与主句中的主语相同，且从句中的谓语动词中含有be动词时，此时从句中的主语和be动词可以省略。 【写作佳句】　 ①(2024·新高考卷)While he asked me not to bother about the money, I insisted we meet at the bus station and I would give him what he deserved. 虽然他让我不要担心钱的问题，但我坚持要在公交车站见面，给他应得的钱。 ②(2022·浙江1月卷)I decided to devote myself to working on the subjects，while he developed the scientific model. 我决定全身心地投入到研究课题的工作中，而他则在研发科学模型。 ③While (we are) visiting this exhibition，we can not only enjoy the folk art works but also learn a lot.[应用文之活动介绍] 参观这次展览的时候，我们不仅可以欣赏民间艺术品，而且可以学到很多东西。 ④(2024·新高考卷)Having caught up for a while, we parted ways. 聊了一会儿，我们就分开了。 【仿写借鉴】　 ①尽管学生们来自不同的国家，但是他们在夏令营相处得非常好。 While the students came from different countries, they got on quite well in the summer camp. ②(2022·全国乙卷)根据上面的图表，18%的学生更喜欢阅读英语书籍，而12%的学生将注意力更多地放在了浏览英语学习网站上。 On the basis of the above chart, 18% of the students prefer to read English books while 12% focus more on browsing English learning websites． ③制作风筝时，我意识到我已经忽略了它背后的真正意义。 While (I was) making the kite, I realized that I had lost sight of the true meaning behind it. 句式：it作形式宾语 【教材原句】　According to a parenting expert，Denise Daniels，communicating through a screen makes it more difficult for children to concentrate or show kindness to others. 根据育儿专家丹尼斯·丹尼尔斯的说法，通过屏幕交流会使儿童更难集中注意力或对他人表示善意。 【知识归纳】 ◎此句型it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式。类似句型还有： ◎常用于这种句型的动词：make，consider，think，feel，find等。 ◎类似句型还有： 【写作佳句】　 ①(2022·全国乙卷)The growing popularity of smartphones and computers has made it convenient for us to learn English online. 智能手机和电脑的日益普及为我们在线学习英语提供了方便。 ②I consider it no use taking online courses without self­discipline. 我认为不自律的话，上网课没用。 ③(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)We would appreciate it if you could accept our invitation and give us invaluable advice in the show. 如果您能接受我们的邀请并在节目中给我们宝贵的建议，我们将不胜感激。 ④I'd like it if you could accept our sincere invitation to attend the upcoming graduation celebration.[应用文之邀请信] 我希望你能接受我们诚挚的邀请，参加即将到来的毕业典礼。 【仿写借鉴】　 ①你最好提前掌握一些基础的汉语，这使你容易适应在北京的新生活。[应用文之建议信] You'd better master some basic Chinese in advance，which makes it easy for you to adjust to the new life in Beijing． ②我曾经理所当然地认为父母应该在我需要的时候给我钱，而现在我觉得我有责任为家庭尽我的一份力。 I used to take it for granted that parents should give me money whenever I needed it，but now I feel it my duty to do my part for the family. ③(2023·天津3月卷)他是人民心中的活雷锋，很明显，你可以相信他会在你需要的时候帮助你。 He is admitted as a living Lei Feng and obviously，you can depend/rely on it that he will come to your aid whenever necessary. Ⅰ.核心词汇专练——单句语法填空 1．The old man found it impossible to get rid of his accent thoroughly. 2．In general，adults' words and behavior have great effects on/upon their children. 3．Being addicted to alcohol did harm to his health and he passed away because of cancer. 4．Immediately the retired man was accessible to the free Wi­Fi，he was attached to it. 5．Red roses represent love，while yellow roses are often viewed as a symbol of friendship. 6．He felt powerless (power) when he failed after making all efforts to realize his dream. 7．Though teaching the teenagers takes much energy and patience，I find it rewarding (reward). 8．Now that I was fortunate to get the job，I would concentrate on/upon doing the job perfectly. 9．He swallowed hard and finally admitted making/having made (make) such a serious mistake. 10．Learning that he was no longer in favor of the project，I was heartbroken and disappointed. 11．As far as I'm concerned (concern)，it is not appropriate to wear jeans for such an important occasion. 12．On the basis (base) of the current political affairs，the authorities have determined to take the following effective measures. 13．Because there were more female guests in the party，the host replaced beer with/by soft drinks thoughtfully. 14．I was tricked into selling my treasure at a low price and tears of sadness rolled down my cheeks. 15．Now that the retired couple have more spare time，they can focus their attention on/upon cuisine to satisfy the appetite of their families. Ⅱ.阅读词汇猜词——熟词生义、派生与合成 写出黑体单词在句中的词性及汉语释义 1．(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Our lives in the 21st century are networked.vt.将……连接成网络 2．(2023·全国甲卷)She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd.adj.已故的 3．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Nanxiang aside，the best xiao long bao have a fine skin，allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their contents.n.所含物，容纳的东西 4．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)If you've ever felt that there is more to life than boring jobs，then why not subscribe to it? vi.订阅 5．(2021·全国乙卷)Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.vt.对……施加压力，强迫 6．Once his message was delivered，he allowed me to stay and watch.vt.传达 7．It is the first case (病例) to be confirmed in humans.vt.确诊 8．(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. ◎spring“跳”＋board“板”→springboard n.跳板；基础 9．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter­gatherer people today. ◎hunter“狩猎者”＋gatherer“采集者”→hunter­gatherer n.狩猎采集者 10．(2022·全国甲卷)Goffin's cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape­recognition abilities to a human two­year­old. ◎shape“形状”＋recognition“识别”→shape­recognition n.形状识别 (一)应用文写作 [博客——安全使用社交网络应用程序] 假定你是李华，你最近发现一些同学经常在社交平台分享个人的生活照片，你觉得这样的行为很危险，请你就如何安全使用个人社交网络账户写一篇博客。 选用本单元所学知识和右栏词块翻译句子 第一段：简要介绍社交网络应用的利和弊 1．社交网络应用程序非常方便，因而无论我们在哪里或我们在做什么都可以和朋友保持联系。然而，除非以安全的方式使用，它们会给我们带来危险而非好处。(“no matter＋特殊疑问词”引导让步状语从句) So convenient are social networking apps that we can stay in touch with friends no matter where we are or what we are doing.However, unless used in a safe way, they can bring us risks instead of benefits. 第二段：详细介绍使用个人社交网络账户的建议 2．在使用个人社交网络账户时，请记住以下建议。(while引导时间状语从句) Keep in mind the following tips while using your personal social networking account. 3．避免泄露任何私人信息以防身份盗窃。 Avoid giving away any private information in case of identity theft. 4．此外，尽量参加各种各样的活动来提高你的社交技能，以免沉迷于社交网络应用程序。 In addition，try to take part in a variety of activities to improve your social skills so as not to be addicted to the social networking apps. 5．不要专注于和那些你不熟悉的人聊天，因为你可能会被他们欺骗。(as引导原因状语从句) Do not focus on chatting with those who you are not familiar with as you may be cheated by them. 第三段：欢迎发表个人意见 6．如果你有任何创造性的看法，尽情评论。 If you have any creative opinions, feel free to make a comment. [构建语义场——信息技术] ①application 应用程序 ②software 软件 ③hardware 硬件 ④keyboard 键盘 ⑤online 联机的，在线的 ⑥telecommunication 电信，远程通信 ⑦network 网络 ⑧website 网站 ⑨Internet 互联网 ⑩netizen 网民 ⑪forum 论坛 ⑫blog 博客 ⑬datebase 数据库 ⑭digital 数字的，数码的 ⑮wireless 无线的 ⑯surf the Internet 上网冲浪 ⑰video site 视频网站 ⑱online community 网络社区 ⑲computer virus 计算机病毒 ⑳hack into (黑客)入侵 ㉑web browsing 网页浏览 ㉒online shopping 网上购物 ㉓chat room 聊天室 ㉔document transmission 文件传输 ㉕search engine 搜索引擎 ㉖social networking apps社交网络应用程序 ㉗stay in touch with friends和朋友保持联系 ㉘personal social networking account个人社交网络账户 ㉙give away private information泄露私人信息 (二)读后续写 [从虚拟到现实话题＋情感描写之尴尬与羞愧] Ⅰ.教材语料积累 词汇 [动作描写]　admit；trick；experiment；type；cheat；view；press；deliver；hug；concentrate；focus [人物描写]　self­focused；addicted；sensible；powerful；concerned；creative；imaginary；accessible 佳句 1．However，nearly all avatars are tall，young and nice­looking，so people obviously make their avatars look better than they do in real life.(外貌描写) 2．The avatars in online worlds can talk，walk and fly around，meet people，go shopping and attend classes.(动作描写) 3．Some users worry that they are spending so much time in virtual worlds that they are becoming afraid of meeting people in the real world.(情感描写) Ⅱ.拓展语料背诵 词汇 awkward adj.令人尴尬的，使人难堪的→awkwardness n．尴尬；难堪　embarrassment n．尴尬，难为情→embarrass vt.使尴尬→embarrassing adj.令人难堪的；令人窘迫的→embarrassed adj.感到尴尬的　ashamed adj.感到羞愧，感到羞耻→shame n．羞愧，羞耻　burn/blush/flush with embarrassment/shame因尴尬/羞愧而脸上发烫/发红　blood rushes to one's face 脸通红　in an embarrassed voice/tone尴尬的声音/语调 佳句 1．So ashamed did she feel that she was close to tears.(倒装句) 她感到非常羞愧，几乎要哭了。 2．Feeling terribly embarrassed，she could even feel the blood rushing to her face.(现在分词短语作状语) 她感到非常尴尬，甚至能感觉到血液涌到脸上。 3．She felt ashamed of her foolish behavior，with her face burning with shame.(with的复合结构) 她为自己的愚蠢行为感到羞愧，脸羞愧得发烫。 4．All the air seemed to become solid and she felt as if the whole world were watching her.(夸张) 所有的空气似乎都凝固了，她觉得仿佛整个世界都在看着她。 5．He lowered his head and hesitated for a moment，wondering how to hide his inner embarrassment.(现在分词短语作状语) 他低下头，犹豫了一会儿，琢磨着如何掩饰内心的尴尬。 Ⅲ.语料综合运用 　　我丈夫轻拍我的肩膀，恳求我不要再沉迷于在线游戏，但我只是回头耸了耸肩，无视他明智的建议。有一天，当我浏览我的网页推送时，一个朋友的帖子弹出。她写道：“放弃任何不现实的事情，放弃所有不能反映你最光明的愿望的活动。”这篇帖子深深地触动了我的灵魂，我为自己的愚蠢行为感到羞愧，羞愧得脸都红了。最后，我羞愧得几乎要掉眼泪了。我丈夫坐在我旁边，紧紧地拥抱着我，给予我安慰。我依偎在他的肩膀上，用尴尬的声音喃喃自语：“从现在开始，我要把精力集中在我们的现实生活，而不是虚拟世界。” 　　My husband tapped me on the shoulder，begging me not to ①be addicted to the online game any longer，but I just looked over my shoulder and shrugged，②ignoring his sensible advice (现在分词短语作状语).One day when I looked through my web feed，a friend's post popped up.She wrote，“Let go of anything unrealistic and all activities that do not mirror your brightest intentions for yourself.”The post touched my soul so much that I felt ashamed of my foolish behavior，③with my face burning with shame (with复合结构).Finally，④so ashamed did I feel that I was close to tears (倒装句).My husband sat next to me and hugged me tightly，comforting me.I snuggled up against his shoulder，murmuring ⑤in an embarrassed voice，“I will focus on our real life instead of the virtual world from now on.” A卷 (时间：30分钟　满分：40分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(共11小题，每小题2.5分，共27.5分) A (2025·甘肃庆阳模拟) Advertise for Elementary School Teachers Job Opening: Elementary School Teachers Employing Unit: ABC Elementary School Our school is recognized as one of the top elementary schools in the city.We believe that every child, can achieve greatness, that education is powerful, that learning is lifelong, and that multicultural understanding is essential to develop in a global community. ·Are you looking for more than just a job, but a place to be part of a community? ·Do you want to make a significant impact on students' lives, not just as an educator but as a role model? ·Are you ambitious, seeking a supportive culture, and looking for a school that invests in your professional development and growth? We are currently seeking passionate elementary school teachers to join our dedicated team.Our ideal candidates are enthusiastic about teaching, committed to fostering a positive learning environment, and eager to contribute to our school's mission and values. Qualifications： ·A valid official teaching credential ·Experience in elementary education ·Strong communication and interpersonal skills ·A dedication to creating an inclusive and supportive classroom environment Responsibilities： ·Develop and implement (执行) engaging lesson plans that meet national standards ·Foster a positive and inclusive classroom culture ·Assess and monitor student progress, providing feedback and support ·Cooperate with colleagues, parents, and the community to enhance students' learning Join us and be part of a community that values education, diversity, and lifelong learning, If you are passionate about making a difference in the lives of young learners, we encourage you to apply.For more information, you can call us at 12356745, or click here to our website. To Apply: Please submit your personal resume (个人简历) and application letter to abchr@abcelementaryschool.com.We'll inform you if you're fit for the position. [语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。文章为一则招聘启事，列出ABC小学的职位空缺、学校理念、职位要求、资格限制、工作职责以及申请方式等信息，从而招募符合条件的小学教师。 1．Which is a better of the school's? A．Every student has to achieve excellence. B．Sports are more important than academics. C．Education is the key to unlocking potential. D．Every student should learn multiple languages. C　[细节理解题。根据文章第一段“We believe that every child, can achieve greatness, that education is powerful, that learning is lifelong, and that multicultural understanding is essential to develop in a global community.”可知，学校认为教育是帮助孩子实现潜力和伟大的重要因素。故选C。] 2．What should elementary school teachers in the school do? A．Offer help to parents who earn little. B．Conduct surveys on students' families. C．Write textbooks for students they teach. D．Develop and implement engaging lesson plans. D　[细节理解题。根据文章“Responsibilities”部分中的“Develop and implement (执行) engaging lesson plans that meet national standards”可知，小学教师应该开发和实施引人入胜的符合国家标准的教学计划。故选D。] 3．How should interested job seekers apply for the job? A．By calling the school. B．By sending an email. C．By visiting the school in person. D．By filling in a form on the school's website. B　[细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“To Apply: Please submit your personal resume (个人简历) and application letter to abchr@abcelementaryschool.com.We'll inform you if you're fit for the position.”可知，有兴趣的求职者应该通过发送电子邮件的方式申请这份工作。故选B。] B (2025·浙江培优联盟仿真卷)The Mona Lisa is the famous Leonardo da Vinci painting of a woman with a mysterious smile.This week, the woman parted her lips to whisper an ancient secret. Scientists using X­rays to examine the chemical structure of a small part of the painting discovered a technique Leonardo used in the work.An oil paint used for it was a special, new chemical mixture, which suggests that the Italian artist was in an experimental mood when he worked on the painting in the 16th century. “He loved to experiment, and each of his paintings is completely different technically，”said Victor Gonzalez, a chemist who has studied the chemical element of several works by Leonardo and other artists.The researchers found a rare lead compound—plumbonacrite (铅化合物), in Leonardo's first layer of paint.The discovery proved that Leonardo da Vinci most likely used lead oxide to thicken and help dry his paint.The paint in the study is about the thickness of a human hair, lying in the top right area of the painting. The scientists looked into its atomic (原子的) structure using X­rays, moving particles at the speed of light, permitting researchers to look deeper into the paint structure.“Plumbonacrite is really a fingerprint of his recipe, as it's the first time we can chemically confirm it，”Gonzalez said. Rembrandt, the Dutch master, may have employed a similar blend in his 17th­century paintings.Gonzalez and fellow researchers have also detected plumbonacrite in his art.It's believed that Leonardo used lead oxide powder, which has an orange color, to thicken his oil paint and speed up drying.“What you will get is an oil that has a very nice golden color，”Gonzalez said.“It flows more like honey.” But the Mona Lisa—said by the Louvre to be a portrait (肖像) of Lisa Gherardini, the wife of a Florentine silk businessman—There's more to her gaze than meets the eye.“What we are saying is just a little brick in the knowledge，”Gonzalez said. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家通过X射线检查《蒙娜丽莎》像的部分化学结构，发现了达·芬奇在作品中使用的一种技术。 4．What technique did Leonardo da Vinci potentially use in the Mona Lisa? A．The employment of tailored X­rays. B．The application of a rare lead compound. C．A special mixture of oil paints. D．The universal use of atomic structures. B　[细节理解题。根据第三段“The researchers found a rare lead compound—plumbonacrite (铅化合物), in Leonardo's first layer of paint.The discovery proved that Leonardo da Vinci most likely used lead oxide to thicken and help dry his paint.”可知，达·芬奇在《蒙娜丽莎》中可能使用了一种罕见的铅化合物。故选B项。] 5．What does the use of plumbonacrite suggest about Leonardo's painting approach? A．Willingness to experiment. B．Giving priority to conventions. C．Technically identical output. D．Concentration on paint drying. A　[推理判断题。根据文章第三段“He loved to experiment, and each of his paintings is completely different technically”可知，达·芬奇喜欢做实验，故选A。] 6．What is Gonzalez's attitude towards the use of lead oxide powder? A．Dismissive. B．Objective. C．Doubtful. D．Favorable. D　[推理判断题。根据文章第五段“What you will get is an oil that has a very nice golden color，”Gonzalez said.“It flows more like honey.”可知，Gonzalez对使用氧化铅粉末的态度是支持的。故选D。] 7．What can we infer about the Mona Lisa from the last paragraph? A．It still holds secrets yet to be uncovered. B．It echoes the realities of the worldly life. C．It's a perfect combination of old and new. D．It serves as the key to understanding Leonardo. A　[推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“‘What we are saying is just a little brick in the knowledge，’ Gonzalez said.”可推知，《蒙娜丽莎》仍然有尚待揭示的秘密。故选A。] C (2025·安徽皖南八校联考)In a world of ever­present technology, few can agree on how much time children need on their devices.Some suggest kids should spend more time outside instead.For kids in Colorado, a new cooperation has found a way to get kids outside, even if they bring their phones. I'm standing nearby the Dinosaur Hill in Fruita, Colorado.Before I hike, words appear on my phone, “Your adventure is about to begin.”Scrolling down, I select a mission titled “Discover Dinosaurs”．A dinosaur avatar (虚拟化身) appears on the screen.“Hello, I'm Agent AI and I'm inviting you to discover dinosaurs and help the Bureau of Land Management preserve fossils.” All over the state, the Colorado Explorer Campaign offers similar missions for young park visitors to complete.The Discover Dinosaurs mission is meant to educate young explorers on the basics of paleontology (古生物学) and how to preserve fossils.The Agents of Discovery app is generally defined as an interactive experience combining real world input with digitally­accessed content. But what's the trouble for this activity? In order for the app to work as intended, families have to actually visit the sites their kids want to explore.There is no completing missions from the comfort of your couch. In fact, with the wide use of gamification (游戏化), the cooperation between technology and education grows.Recent studies have found gamification design fully reflects the active status of students in the learning process, which can emphasize the cultivation of students' independent exploration spirit, form a good habit of learning and thus promote the overall quality of students. The Colorado Explorer Campaign works without Wi­Fi but best with cell service, and is offered for free.Through the Agents of Discovery app, users can identify trees, learn the migratory habits of birds, engage in local history and maybe even find evidence of dinosaurs.This summer, it's certain that there are more families who take brief road trips and hometown hikes to see what else the program has in store. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科罗拉多探索者运动通过游戏化设计把技术和教育融合起来，让孩子们可以带着手机参与户外活动。 8．Why did the author mention his experience to the Dinosaur Hill? A．To advise people to go outdoors. B．To tell his love for dinosaurs. C．To disconnect him with digital device. D．To test the new method of enjoying outdoors with phones. D　[推理判断题。根据第一段和第二段可知，作者提到一种新方法可以让孩子们即使带着手机，也可以进行户外活动，接着作者通过自己在恐龙山拿着手机体验寻找恐龙的经历，来验证该方法。故选D。] 9．What should kids' parents do to make the Agents of Discovery app work smoothly? A．Visit their favorite sites. B．Know their interest in exploration. C．Get involved in the activity personally. D．Lie on their couches to monitor their kids. C　[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In order for the app to work as intended, families have to actually visit the sites their kids want to explore.”可知，为了让这款应用程序正常运转，家长们必须亲自去孩子们想要探索的地点。故选C。] 10．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Wi­Fi is necessary for the app to work. B．The Colorado Explorer Campaign is of great value for exploring nature. C．Families should hike in their hometown together. D．The Agents of Discovery app highlights history culture. B　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Through the Agents of Discovery app, users can identify trees, learn the migratory habits of birds, engage in local history and maybe even find evidence of dinosaurs.”可知，用户可以在该软件上学到各种自然知识。由此推知，该项目对探索自然有极大的价值。故选B。] 11．What would be the best title for the passage? A．More and More Children Are Addicted to Phones B．An Approach Mixes Outdoor Activities with Phones C．Colorado Handles Kids' Phone Problems Successfully D．Gamification Has Enjoyed Great Support among Kids B　[标题归纳题。文章第一段中的“For kids in Colorado, a new cooperation has found a way to get kids outside, even if they bring their phones.”点明该文的主题：对科罗拉多州的孩子们来说，这种新方法既可以让孩子们出门，又可以让他们带着手机。全文围绕着这种结合户外活动和手机的方法展开论述。由此可知，B项“一种将户外活动与手机相结合的方法”最适合作本文标题。故选B。] Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题，每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2025·黑龙江大庆质量检测)Want to read more books? Research shows that reading books provides surprising benefits, including better brain function and a longer life.Since reading is so beneficial, can it be made easier? Yes, and the following tips may help. 1( ) Ideally, the book you choose should be one you're interested in.So, if you find a book that's not grabbing you, don't force yourself to keep going in a literary forced march.That could make you sick of reading.Unless it's a book you must read for work or school, put it aside and choose a different one.Libraries, bookstores, and various websites are happy to recommend books.2( )． Fit reading into your schedule If your schedule is already tight, you may be wondering how you'll find the time to read.3( ), but some solutions can help.For example, consider loading e­books onto your phone.Besides, if you spend a lot of time driving, consider audiobooks, which can really help pass the time when you're stuck in traffic.4( )． Find companions to read with One of the best ways to stay on track with reading is to join a book group either in person or online.Sometimes it can have a theme, so if you're particularly interested in science or world history, you can find a group that fits your tastes.5( )．Gather a few friends or colleagues; invite them over for a book discussion. Reading books is so good for you in so many ways.It's well worth the effort to keep experimenting until you find the right approach. A．Choose the right books B．Select suitable locations C．You can even create your own D．There are no easy answers to that question E．Plus, they're particularly great when you're working out F．Reading both professional and user reviews is also a good trick G．In comparison, online reading and e­books are more entertaining [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了阅读书籍的好处以及如何让阅读变得更加容易。文章提供了一些实用的建议，帮助读者找到合适的书籍，合理安排时间，以及与他人一起阅读，从而享受阅读带来的好处。 1．A　[上文说的是阅读有益，且上文说到下面的建议可能会有帮助，可以推理出作者要提出一个关于如何选择正确的书籍的问题，与A项“选择正确的书籍”表达的含义一致。] 2．F　[上文说到要阅读专业评论，还要阅读网站上的用户评论，与F项“阅读专业评论和用户评论也是一个好方法。”表达的含义一致。] 3．D　[上文说的是时间很紧张，但是还要找到阅读的时间，可推理出此处说的是这是一个很不容易回答的问题，与D项“这个问题没有简单的答案”表达的含义一致。] 4．E　[根据上文可知此处说的是有声读物的好处，与E项“另外，当你在锻炼时，它们尤其好”表达的含义一致。] 5．C　[根据上文“保持阅读进度的最好方法之一是加入一个读书小组，无论是亲自参加还是在线参加。”可知此处说的是阅读小组的好处，可推理出下文是对阅读小组的建议，与C项“你甚至可以创建你自己的”表达的含义一致。] B卷 (时间：30分钟　满分：40分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(共4小题，每小题2.5分，共10分) (2025·福建宁德模拟)Recently a Beijing father posed a question on an Internet forum asking what “PK”meant.“My family has been watching the ‘Singer 2024’ singing competition TV program.My little daughter asked me what ‘PK’ meant, but I had no idea，”explained the puzzled father. To a lot of Chinese young people who have been playing games online, it is impossible not to know this term.In such Internet games, “PK”is short for “Player Kill”， in which two players fight until one ends the life of the other. In the case of the “Singer 2024”singing competition, “PK”was used to refer to the stage where two singers have to compete with each other for only one chance to go up in competition ranking.For example, in the final, there is Na Ying with Tan Weiwei, only one of whom has the prize for championship. Like this father, Chinese teachers at high schools have also been finding their students' compositions using Internet jargon (行话) which is difficult to understand.A high school teacher from Tianjin asked her students to write compositions with simple language, but they came up with a lot of Internet jargon that she didn't understand. “My ‘GG’ came back this summer from college.He told me I've grown up to be a ‘PLMM’．I loved to ‘FB’ with him together; he always took me to the ‘KPM’”． “GG”means Ge Ge (Chinese pinyin for brother).“PLMM”refers to Piao Liang Mei Mei (beautiful girl).“FB”means Fu Bai (corruption), referring to gatherings and meals.“KPM”is short for KFC, Pizza Hut and McDonald's.Some specialists welcome Internet jargon as a new development in language. If you do not even know what a Kong Long (dinosaur, referring to an ugly looking female) or a Qing Wa (frog, referring to an ugly looking male) is, you will possibly be regarded as a “Cai Niao”！ [语篇解读]本文是说明文。网络语言已经逐渐渗透到我们的日常生活中，例如常见的“PK”“GG”等。然而网络术语的普遍应用又不能让所有人都完全适应，人们对此看法不一。不管怎样，这也代表了一股新的潮流。 1．By writing the article, the writer tries to ． A．explain some Internet language B．suggest common Internet language C．laugh at the Beijing father D．draw our attention to Internet language D　[推理判断题。阅读全文可知，网络语言已经逐渐渗透到我们的日常生活中来了。然而网络术语的普遍应用又不能让所有人都完全适应。不管怎样，这也代表了一种新的潮流。因此作者写文章的目的是把人们的注意力引到网络语言上来。故选D。] 2．What does the writer think about the term “PK”？ A．Fathers can't possibly know it. B．The daughter should understand it. C．Online game players may know it. D．“Singer 2024”shouldn't have used it. C　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“To a lot of Chinese young people who have been playing games online, it is impossible not to know this term.”可知，对于很多玩网上游戏的中国青年，不可能不认识这个术语。因此作者认为网游玩家应该懂得“PK”的意思。故选C。] 3．The examples of the Beijing father and the Tianjin teacher are used to show that Internet jargon ． A．is used not only online B．can be understood very well C．is welcomed by all the people D．causes trouble to our mother tongue A　[推理判断题。根据第四段中“Like this father, Chinese teachers at high schools have also been finding their students' compositions using Internet jargon (行话) which is difficult to understand.”可知，北京爸爸和天津老师都是不太能理解网络语言的例子。在学生作文中有很多网络行话，会对中文的表达有影响。因此他们的例子是为了说明网络语言已经不仅仅局限于在网络上使用了。故选A。] 4．What would be the best title for the passage? A．A puzzled father B．Do you speak Internet­ish? C．Keep away from Internet­ish D．Kong Long or Qing Wa? B　[标题归纳题。文章围绕“网络语言在生活中的出现”来展开并列举了多个例子，通过询问读者，你运用网络用语吗？来展示对全文的描述。因此文章最佳标题是“你讲网络语言吗？”切题。故选B。] Ⅱ.完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) (2025·广东莞佛大联考)I was thrilled to cover a new expedition to Qomolangma as a journalist.However, as I got off the vehicle at the base camp, I was immediately 1 by dizziness and shortness of breath— 2 of mountain sickness.Even the act of taking a few steps demanded an extraordinary amount of 3 ． At that moment, a question 4 within me: Why do people keep climbing Mount Qomolangma? When asked this question, British mountaineer George Mallory gave his famous 5 ： “Because it's there.” Mallory reminded me of countless climbers who have put their lives at risk to 6 the mountain's towering height with their own footsteps.They encounter an almost vertical (垂直的) wall close to the top.It is so difficult to find 7 points for climbing that the earliest climbers thought no one could 8 the wall. In 1960, Liu Lianman, a Chinese climber, let his teammates 9 on his shoulders to cross the wall.Already 10 ， he gathered all his strength to uplift his teammates.Though his 11 did not appear on the list of those who reached the top, Liu is undoubtedly a true 12 ． I recalled the interview with Dong Hongjuan, the first woman to conquer (征服) 14 mountains above 8，000 meters, who 13 understands how small humans are compared to 14 ．She told me: “I never felt I conquered those mountains; it's just that the mountains 15 me.” [语篇解读]本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者从自己报道一次新的珠峰探险高原反应的经历中引发了人们攀登珠穆朗玛峰的探究。 1． A．drawn B．found C．taught D．struck D　[根据上文“I was thrilled to cover a new expedition to Qomolangma as a journalist.”以及后文“by dizziness and shortness of breath”可知，作者立刻被头晕和呼吸急促侵袭——这是高原反应的征兆。故选D。] 2． A．signs B．types C．risks D．causes A　[根据上文“dizziness and shortness of breath”可知，这是作者出现高原反应的迹象。故选A。] 3． A．patience B．energy C．money D．practice B　[根据“mountain sickness”可知，高原反应时走路是需要耗费精力的。故选B。] 4． A．ended B．arose C．response D．lay B　[根据本句“Why do people keep climbing Mount Qomolangma？”可知，这个是作者的脑海中出现的问题。故选B。] 5． A．suggestion B．response C．conclusion D．guidance B　[根据上文“Why do people keep climbing Mount Qomolangma？”以及本句“Because it's there.”可知，这是对作者的问题的回应。故选B。] 6． A．adjust B．cover C．confirm D．measure D　[根据本句“the mountain's towering height with their own footsteps”可知，无数的登山者用自己的脚步测量这座山的高度。故选D。] 7． A．check B．view C．support D．rest C　[根据上句“They encounter an almost vertical (垂直的) wall close to the top.”可知，他们遇到了一堵几乎垂直的墙，要找到攀岩的支撑点是非常困难的。故选C。] 8． A．get past B．come back C．take back D．go through A　[根据上句“It is so difficult to find points for climbing that the earliest climbers”可知，因为要找到攀岩的支撑点是如此困难，所以最早的登山者认为没有人能翻过这堵墙。get past“通过，经过”；come back“回来，恢复”；take back“退回，归还”；go through“经历，经受”。故选A。] 9． A．step B．fight C．cry D．work A　[根据本句“on his shoulders”可知，刘连满让他的队友踩在他的肩膀上翻过墙。故选A。] 10．A．disappointed B．terrified C．annoyed D．exhausted D　[根据本句“he gathered all his strength to uplift his teammates”可知，他用尽所有的力量去支撑他的队友，可推知，他已经筋疲力尽。故选D。] 11．A．story B．act C．name D．failure C　[根据本句“on the list of those who reached the top”可知，刘连满的名字没有出现在登顶者的名单上。故选C。] 12．A．champion B．hero C．talent D．friend B　[他还是用尽了所有的力量去支撑他的队友，在人们的心中他是真正的英雄。故选B。] 13．A．hardly B．truly C．firstly D．slightly B　[她认为自己可以登顶不是自己征服了那些山，而是她真正理解了人类与自然相比是多么渺小。故选B。] 14．A．nature B．life C．time D．success A　[根据本句“how small humans are”以及“the first woman to conquer (征服) 14 mountains above 8，000 meters”可知，人类与自然相比是非常渺小的，此处“高山”指代“自然”。故选A。] 15．A．protected B．discovered C．admired D．accepted D　[人类与自然相比是非常渺小的，她没有征服那些山，而是大山接受了她。故选D。] Ⅲ.语法填空(共10个空，每空1．5分，共15分) (2025·河南安阳联考)Zhengding is situated in the northern suburbs of Shijiazhuang, capital of Hebei Province.It has long stood as one of the three most strategically important locations in north China, the other two 1 (be) Beijing and Baoding.Its history dates back to the Sixteen Kingdoms. However, from the late Qing Dynasty onward, its city walls were 2 (gradual) torn down, one brick at a time, by locals, 3 used the bricks as building materials for their own homes.It was in the early 1980s 4 local authorities began to repair the town's older structures.Its most famous restored site is Longxing Temple, which 5 (build) in the Song Dynasty. Since 2015, archaeologists (考古学家) have set out 6 (dig) at Kaiyuan Temple, another of Zhengding's well­preserved landmarks.The local government decided to enclose the unearthed site in a glass case, permitting tourists to observe the numerous archaeological 7 (discovery) without causing any damage. Efforts have also been made to minimize the negative impacts that these archaeological projects may have 8 local communities.Run­down blocks have been upgraded into many 9 residential­commercial building so that residents can live in modern apartments above stores.Roads have been repaired and parking lots have also been added to increase 10 (accessible) to both visitors and residents. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了坐落在河北石家庄北部的正定古城的历史及政府对它的保护措施。 1．being　[考查独立主格。句子已有谓语 has stood，且与 be之间没有连词，空处应用非谓语形式 being，构成独立主格结构。故填being。] 2．gradually　[考查副词。修饰谓语动词 were torn down用副词gradually。故填gradually。] 3．who　[考查定语从句。此处引导非限制性定语从句，空处指代前面的 locals，指人，关系代词为who。故填who。] 4．that　[考查强调句。此处为“it is...that...”强调句结构，对时间状语in the early 1980s 进行强调。故填that。] 5．was built　[考查时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，which 指代 Longxing Temple, 为单数形式，与谓语动词 build 之间为被动关系，时间状语 in the Song Dynasty 表明动作发生在过去，故填 was built。故填was built。] 6．to dig　[考查不定式。set out to do sth“开始做某事”。故填to dig。] 7．discoveries　[考查名词。根据空前的 numerous可知，此处应用名词复数形式作宾语。故填discoveries。] 8．on/ upon　[考查介词。have impacts on/ upon...“对……产生影响”，为固定搭配。故填on/ upon。] 9．a　[考查冠词。破旧的街区被改造成许多商住两用建筑，这样居民就可以住在商店楼上的现代化公寓里。此处应为“many a”结构，表示“许多”。故填a。] 10．accessibility　[考查名词。道路已经修复，停车场也已经增加，以增加游客和居民的可达性。此处充当 increase的宾语，所以要用名词形式accessibility。故填accessibility。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $