专题05 说明文阅读（期末真题汇编，内蒙古专用）八年级英语上学期

专题05 说明文阅读 ( 主题01 人与自然—科技 ) Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·内蒙古赤峰·期末）One day, you open the fridge and find some moldy (发霉的) food. But before you throw it away, your mother stops you. She doesn’t want to waste food. She cuts off the moldy part and eats the rest. Is it safe to do this? Mold (霉菌) can grow on almost all kinds of food. Mold makes food soft and changes its color. Moldy food tastes quite bad, and it’s not safe to eat. If you find mold in soft food, just throw it away. Soft food, such as bread, usually contains water. This helps mold to easily grow. But it’s easy to remove mold from hard food. The mold can’t grow very deep inside this kind of food. It’s OK to cut the moldy parts (around and under 2.5 cm) out of hard food and eat the rest. But if the food is covered with mold all over, you should still throw it away. _________ But some kinds of mold can be used to make food. For example, penicillium (青霉素) can be used to make many kinds of cheeses. These cheeses are safe to eat. 1．The writer starts the passage by ________. A．telling a story B．answering a question C．using numbers D．taking an example 2．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Soft food. B．Water. C．Mold. D．Bread. 3．If your potato is covered with mold all over, what should you do with it? A．Just throw it away. B．Never mind, just eat it. C．Just cut the moldy part around and under 2.5 cm. D．Just wash it away, then you can eat it. 4．Which can be the best sentence for ______? A．There are also healthy mold. B．Most kinds of mold are bad for us. C．Not all molds carry bacteria with them. D．There are many kinds of mold. ( 主题02 人与自我—成长建议 ) Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·内蒙古赤峰·期末）Helping your children choose a hobby is very good for them. Here is some advice. Know your children’s interests. If he/she likes collecting baseball cards, buy him/her a special scrapbook. Try different hobbies. Introduce a new hobby as a birthday or a holiday gift. By trying something quite different, your child may become interested in it or get to know a new thing. Share a hobby with your children and spending family time doing fun things can make a healthy and nice relationship (关系). Don’t push your interests to your children. Don’t show your unhappiness when they choose something different from what you think of. Hobbies are a great way for children to learn new things. Help your children to try different interests until they choose one they want to learn more about. 2．What can you do if your son likes collecting baseball cards? A．Buy him a baseball. B．Give him some baseball cards. C．Play baseball with him. D．Buy him a scrapbook. 3．Which tip can make the family relationship better? A．Know your children’s interests. B．Share a hobby with your children. C．Try different hobbies. D．Don’t push your interests to your children. 4．Who is the passage written for? A．Parents. B．Teachers. C．Students. D．Doctors. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Parents should make friends with their children. B．How to help children choose hobbies. C．Hobbies are a great way for children to learn new things. D．Let children choose their own interests. Passage 2 （24-25八年级上·内蒙古乌兰察布·期末）Being outgoing is good for your life. Those people who are more outgoing like to meet lots of people and have more fun in life. In fact, being outgoing is not so hard as you think. Even shy people can be outgoing. You can start to become outgoing with your best friends or a group of friends. But the real challenge (挑战) comes when you meet strangers (陌生人) or new friends. Smile (微笑) more and usually they will smile back. In this way, you may have some talks. Start a talk. “Hello!” or “How is it going? ” is a good start. If you want to make interesting talks, you can read news in newspapers and prepare your views or use the Internet to find new information and then keep that in mind. The easiest way to become more outgoing is to go out. This is also the most important thing. Go to a park, beach, club, party or any other place that you think can be fun, and you may make new friends there. 1．Who should we start being outgoing with? A．Our parents. B．Our teachers. C．Our best friends. D．Our shy friends. 2．What does the underlined word “views” mean? A．Grades. B．Ideas. C．Competitions. D．Mirrors. 3．Which is the easiest way to become more outgoing? A．Talking. B．Smiling. C．Playing. D．Going out. 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Smile at strangers B．Being outgoing is not hard C．Being outgoing is good for our lives D．The ways of being outgoing Passage 3 （25-26八年级上·全国·期末）Friends are very important in our everyday life. Everyone needs friends. You will feel lonely if you have no friends. Everyone likes to make friends. If you have friends, you can help each other. It is nice to have a friend to talk, laugh and do things together. Certainly, sometimes you need to be alone. For example, when you need to have a good rest, you don’t want people to disturb you. You don’t always want people around. But most of the time, you need friends in your life. Sometimes your friends move away. You can’t see them for a long time. You feel very down. When you miss them very much, you had better call them or write to them. You can also make new friends. No two people in the world are just the same. Friends sometimes don’t get on well with each other. That doesn’t mean that they no longer like each other. Most of the time they will make it up and become friends again. If you have many friends, you will live longer. Studies show people with friends live longer than those without friends. Why? Friends can make you feel happy. Being happy helps you stay well. If someone cares about you, you will take better care of yourself. These show the importance of making friends. 1．What will happen if people have no friends? A．They will feel lonely. B．They will feel happy. C．They will move away. D．They will look after themselves. 2．What does the underlined word “down” mean? A．Happy. B．Sad. C．Excited. D．Relaxed. 3．You make new friends when your old friends ________. A．stay alone B．are angry with you C．move away D．have new friends 4．If you can’t see your old friends for a long time, _______. A．you should call them or write to them B．you can be angry with them C．you should visit them D．you may forget them 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．How to live longer B．How to make new friends C．Meeting lonely friends D．The importance of making friends Passage 4 （25-26八年级上·全国·期末）It is important to keep enough energy. Here are some ways to renew your energy. Get out of bed immediately. To feel and stay refreshed, you need to wake up and get up at the same time every day. A tip: keep the alarm far enough away so that you have to get out of bed to turn it off. That will get you moving in the morning. Enter your day carefully. Use those extra minutes to start the morning slowly and calmly. Begin by drinking a cup of coffee and thinking about three things you’re thankful for. Write them down. Throw away each negative (消极的) thought and take the place of it with a positive (积极的) one—negative feelings take a lot of mental energy. Get moving. Exercise can help make you stronger and healthier, so get the blood flowing early in the day if you can. If there is time for a trip to the gym or pool in the morning, that’s fabulous! Balance your breakfast. Try to eat a mix of foods like whole grains, healthy fats and protein (蛋白质) to make sure your energy is enough as you go through the day. Eggs make an excellent start for the day. Take a break from the TV. Give yourself a weekend break to spend a few hours staying in green places instead of staying indoors. Research has found that spending time in nature can lower blood pressure and improve mental health. 1．How does the writer feel if he wakes up and gets up at the same time? A．Relaxed. B．Bored. C．Tired. D．Renewed. 2．Why does the writer suggest taking the place of negative feelings with positive ones? A．Because each of us doesn’t need negative feelings. B．Because negative feelings may make us feel sad. C．Because positive feelings can save us much mental energy. D．Because negative feelings take a lot of time in our daily life. 3．What does the underlined word “fabulous” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Great. B．Strange. C．Easy. D．Popular. 4．Which suggestion about renewing your energy isn’t mentioned in the passage? A． B． C． D． 5．Which is the best title of the passage? A．The ways of dealing with health problems B．The ways of renewing the energy C．The importance of eating breakfast D．The importance of movements ( 主题03 人与自然—动植物 ) Passage 1 （25-26八年级上·全国·期末）The red panda, also known as the lesser panda, mainly lives in the Eastern Himalayas in places like China, Nepal and Bhutan. People thought that it was a member of the bear family at first, but researchers finally grouped the red panda into its own independent family according to DNA research results. The research also showed that the red panda is a close relative of the raccoon (浣熊), but it is not closely related to the giant panda which belongs to the bear family. Red pandas are in danger of dying out, according to experts in wildlife protection. The number of red pandas around the world has gone down by half in the last twenty years. The biggest challenge for red pandas is that they are losing their homes because humans are cutting down trees for wood and clearing land for farming. What’s more, some people even catch red pandas to make clothes with their special fur. There are some events around the world to protect red pandas, but they still need more help. To protect red pandas better, it’s necessary to draw more public attention to them. International Red Panda Day was set up for this reason. It is on the third Saturday of September every year. There are many things we can do for red pandas. You can read a book or watch a video about these amazing animals, join an International Red Panda Day activity near you, see red pandas at your local zoo or share articles and pictures about red pandas on your social media. 1．What can we learn about red pandas? A．Classifying them into a family isn’t a simple task. B．Most red pandas live in China. C．The lack of food has put them in danger. D．There are many more red pandas than giant pandas in the wild. 2．Which of the following is the most similar in DNA to the red panda? A．The giant panda. B．The bear. C．The raccoon. D．The fox. 3．How much has the number of red pandas dropped by in the last 20 years? A．30%. B．40%. C．50%. D．60%. 4．Why was International Red Panda Day set up? A．To study red pandas more easily. B．To celebrate the discovery of red pandas. C．To make red pandas more popular in zoos. D．To draw public attention to red panda protection. 5．In which part of a magazine can we probably find this passage? A．SOCIETY. B．NATURE. C．LIFESTYLE. D．CULTURE. Passage 2 （25-26八年级上·福建福州·期末）Do you know a special kind of forest in China? We call it “the mangrove (红树林)” or “the red forest”. Are the mangroves red? No, mangroves don’t have red leaves. They are green. Mangroves grow in the water on the coast. The place of mangrove planting in China is between 20°-30°N and 105°-120°E. Some parts of the trees are out of the water. They are home to mammals like monkeys. The other parts in the water make great homes for baby sea animals, like baby fish. Mangroves can grow as high as 10 meters. They keep the land away from strong winds and waves (海浪). Like other trees, mangroves take in CO₂ to make O₂. They are helping to make air clean on the earth. But now there are fewer and fewer mangroves. We need to do more to protect them. 1．Which picture shows the mangroves? A． B． C． D． 2．Which city in the map can grow mangroves? A．A B．B C．C D．D 3．How can mangroves be good for us? ①They can keep air clean.        ②They can make CO₂. ③They can protect the land from winds.    ④They provide homes for some animals. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．②③④ D．①③④ 4．Why does the writer write the passage? A．To tell a story of mangroves. B．To ask us to do something for mangroves. C．To answer why mangroves grow in water. D．To let us know where mangroves can grow. 5．In which part of a newspaper can we read this passage? A．Nature. B．Science. C．Health. D．Sports. ( 主题04 人与社会—文学作品 )（25-26八年级上·福建福州·期末）Journey to the West (《西游记》) is one of China’s most famous old stories. Now, it’s becoming popular around the world! American companies are making new versions (版本) of the story with new technology. In 2025, a company called Stars Collective said they would make three animated (动画的) films: Ba Jie, Monkey King, and Ne Zha. These films will tell more about the main characters. For example, Ba Jie was always seen as a lazy and hungry pig. But the new film will show his good side — he is loyal (忠诚的) and brave! The Monkey King film will talk about the story of the “True and False Monkey King”, showing how Sun Wukong grows from a wild hero to a responsible (有担当的) warrior (战士). To make these films, the company will use AI (人工智能) to draw pictures and special cameras to catch movements. This will create a very real-looking “myth world”. Viewers (观众) can even play with scenes like “The Great Sage’s Rebellion” through XR technology, feeling like they are holding Sun Wukong’s golden stick! This is not the first time Journey to the West is loved worldwide. In 2024, the video game Black Myth: Wukong sold 28 million copies, and the film Ne Zha 2 made over $2 billion. These new films want to bring Chinese stories to people around the world in a modern way. Why do people love Journey to the West so much? Because it talks about things everyone understands: how heroes grow, the power of teamwork, and sharing different cultures. From Hollywood films to Japanese cartoons like Dragon Ball, the Monkey King’s story keeps inspiring (激励) people. 1．Which company is making the new Journey to the West animated films? A．Disney. B．Netflix. C．Stars Collective. D．Warner Bros. 2．What new technology is used to draw pictures for the films? A．3D printing. B．AI. C．Traditional painting. D．Clay models. 3．Why are the new films Ba Jie and Monkey King made? A．To show the characters’ new looks. B．To tell funny stories about animals. C．To explore the characters’ deeper stories. D．To introduce Chinese food to the world. 4．What can we learn about Ba Jie from the text? A．He is always lazy and hungry in the new film. B．The new film shows his loyalty and bravery. C．He doesn’t like Sun Wukong in the story. D．He can turn into 72 different forms. 5．What is the main idea of the text? A．Journey to the West is a famous Chinese story about monkeys. B．American companies use new technology to make cartoons. C．Journey to the West is popular worldwide with new versions. D．Sun Wukong is the most popular character in the story. ( 主题05 人与自我—安全 ) （25-26八年级上·全国·期末）Bike riding has a lot of fun, but accidents happen sometimes. Here’s some advice on how to ride a bike safely.A Helmet You should choose the right helmet, and you need to wear it in the right way.Be Seen, Be Safe! Wearing bright clothes and putting reflectors (反光玻璃) on your bike can also help you stay safe. They help other riders and drivers on the road see you.Where to Ride You need to talk with your parents about where to go, how far to go and which way to choose. Keep an eye on the road ahead so that you can be prepared for big hills and road obstacles (路障).Road Rules ·Ride with your hands on the handlebars. ·Ride on the right-hand side of the street. Never ride against the traffic. ·Use bike lanes or designated bike routes wherever you can. ·Stop at all stop signs and obey traffic lights just as cars do.Hand Signals It is necessary to learn some hand signals. These hand signals help drivers of cars and trucks know what you will do next, so they don’t run into you. 1．What’s the theme of the passage? A．Health. B．Safety. C．School. D．Family. 2．When you go somewhere by bike, what should you talk about with your parents? ①the place ②the distance ③the route ④road obstacles A．①②④ B．①③④ C．①②③ D．②③④ 3．According to the passage, how many kinds of advice does the writer give us? A．4. B．5. C．10. D．6. 4．Which of the following hand signals means “TURNING RIGHT”? A． B． C． D． 5．What's the main idea of this article? A．How to ride your bike. B．How to follow the traffic rules. C．The ways of riding bikes. D．How to ride bikes safely. ( 主题06 人与自我—未来规划 )（24-25八年级下·海南海口·期末）Do you have a dream job? Here are three great ones on our list! Pet Helper Anna loves animals very much. She works in a pet store and her job is to care for pets when their owners go out. Every morning, she feeds cats and dogs, then takes them for walks. She teaches little dogs to sit and play. The best part? She plays with rabbits, kittens and puppies every day! Book Reviewer (评论员) Tommy works for a kids’ magazine. His job is to read books and tell kids which ones are good. “I look for stories with funny parts or brave characters,” he says. He writes short reviews like, “This book made me laugh a lot!” or “The main character is so cool!” Book companies send him free books every week. “It’s like finding new worlds in books,” he smiles. Ice Cream Taster Luna works for an ice cream company. Her job is to try new kinds of ice cream! She tastes strawberries, chocolate and sweet flavors. “I eat nice ice cream every day,” she says. If it’s too strong or not sweet enough, she tells the workers. The best thing? She takes big boxes of free ice cream home for her family! Luna says, “It’s like a long, happy summer!” These jobs show that work can be fun when you love it. Whether caring for pets, sharing books, or tasting ice cream, the best jobs make every day special. So start dreaming—your perfect job might be closer than you think! 1．What does Anna do in a pet store every morning? A．She cooks food. B．She trains cats and dogs. C．She washes the pets. 2．How does Tommy feel about his job? A．Happy. B．Relaxed. C．Busy. 3．Why does Luna say “It’s like a long, happy summer!”? A．To show how hard she works. B．To explain why she likes her job. C．To tell how much ice cream she eats. 4．What’s the common point between Tommy’s and Luna’s jobs? A．They both work in a quiet environment. B．They both need to work long hours a day. C．They both get free things from their work. 5．What does the writer want to tell us through the three jobs? A．We must learn skills to choose jobs. B．We should try different kinds of jobs. C．We can enjoy our jobs if we love them. ( 主题01 人与自然—科技 ) Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·海南·期末）In Tianjin, China, a group of people are waiting at the bus stop. Soon, a bus comes. It isn’t the bus that we usually see on the street. It looks like a panda with black ears and black eyes. After getting on the bus, people only need to buy their tickets by scanning (扫描) their hands! About one minute later, the bus begins its self-driving mode (模式). It will stop automatically (自动地) when it meets traffic lights. That is to say, it can drive and stop by itself. But there is still a driver on the bus. He will do something if the bus is in danger. There are also some robots on the bus. People can talk to them and ask them for help. If there is a bad person on the bus, the robots will call the police. “It’s convenient,” says a woman taking the bus. “And children love the bus because there are many pictures of cats on it.” DeepBlue makes this kind of buses. They’re working in ten cities all over China. More cities in China will have this kind of buses this year. I think soon you can take the bus in your city. Now smart buses are no longer buses in the past. Would you like to take a ride on the smart bus? 1．What does the bus look like? A．A cat. B．A robot. C．A panda. 2．Why is there still a driver on the bus? A．Because he can do something if the bus is in danger. B．Because he sells the ticket on the bus. C．Because he needs to help the children on the bus. 3．What can the robots do on the bus? ①Call the police.    ②Talk to people.    ③Play with children. A．①② B．②③ C．①③ 4．What can we know from the passage? A．The ticket of the smart bus is pretty expensive. B．It’s a smart bus with black ears and black eyes. C．People don’t need to pay for tickets on the bus. 5．Which is the best title of the passage? A．Buses in the future B．A new kind of bus C．The history of DeepBlue ( 主题02 人与自我—成长建议 ) Passage 1 （25-26八年级上·全国·期末）①Are you shy? If you are, you are not alone. In fact, about 50 percent of people are shy. Almost 80 percent of people feel shy at some points in their lives. Now, scientists have some interesting ideas about why people are shy. ②Scientists say 15 to 20 percent of babies behave shyly. These babies are a little quieter than other babies. Interestingly, these shy babies usually have shy parents. Scientists believe some shyness is genetic (遗传的). ③Family size may be another factor (因素). Scientists at Harvard University found 66 percent of shy children had older brothers and sisters. These children were often bullied (欺负) by their brothers and sisters. As a result, they became shy. However, children with no brothers or sisters can be shy too. Growing up alone, they often play by themselves. It’s hard for them to develop social skills as children from big families. ④You may also be shy because of your birthplace. In Japan, most people are shy. But in Israel (以色列), only one third of people are. In Japan, when people fail, they blame themselves. In Israel, people often blame other things, such as family, friends, or bad luck. ⑤For shy people, it can be difficult to make friends, speak in class, and even get a good job. But scientists say you can overcome your shyness. They suggest trying new things and talking with others more. 1．What is the theme of the passage? A．Happiness. B．Shyness. C．Loneliness. D．Kindness. 2．________ people feel shy at some points in their lives. A．Almost 80 percent of people B．Less than 30 percent of people C．Fifteen to twenty percent of people D．Six percent of people 3．Scientists give ________ as a suggestion to shy people. A．blaming their failure on others B．trying to find out why they are shy C．staying away from other shy people D．trying new things and talking more 4．What can we learn from the story? A．Most babies are born shy. B．If you are shy now, you will be shy forever. C．Most shy children have older brothers and sisters. D．Shyness doesn’t influence people’s lives. 5．Which of the following is the structure of the passage? (①=paragraph 1, …) A． B． C． D． Passage 2 （25-26八年级上·山东烟台·期末）We spend most of our time with friends we like. What kind of people are welcomed by others, then? There are people that can always attract (吸引) you. By being with them just once, you start to like them. If you wonder (想知道) why they attract people and want to be a person like them, you should learn from them. Firstly, everybody wants to be happy and nobody wants to spend their time with an unhappy person. If you are with a happy person, you are more likely to be happy, too. This is what we call mood linkage (心境联结). So if you are a happy person, many people are willing to spend their time with you. Next, everybody needs someone to encourage them, because sometimes in our lives we meet some bad things. So if you always choose to cheer others up with encouraging words or actions, they will be glad to spend time with you. Lastly, you are not a true friend if you don’t give a hand to your friends when they need help. You should always be helpful. One day when you need help, they will be there for you, too. It feels good if people around you want to be your friends. So if you want to attract people and make more friends, just have a try. You will also enjoy being a better person. 1．What can be an example of “mood linkage” according to the passage? A．You may feel sad when you are with sad people. B．You will be happy to see someone lose his games. C．You will laugh loudly when you hear funny stories. D．You would like to help someone when you’re happy. 2．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Your parents. B．Your friends. C．People who attract you. D．People who are around you. 3．What can help a person to attract others? a. Being successful.  b. Being helpful.  c. Being happy.  d. Being beautiful. A．a and b B．c and d C．b and c D．a and d 4．Which is the right structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1 ② = Paragraph 2,...) A． B． C． D． 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Ways to Help Friends B．Ways to Live a Happy Life C．Ways to Attract People D．Ways to Encourage Others ( 主题03 人与自我—健康 )（25-26八年级上·全国·期末）①Young people enjoy different kinds of drinks. What will happen to you if you only drink water? ②Chris Bailey, a popular blogger (博客作者) , tried this out. Here is what he has found. ③First, you lose weight faster. You don’t have to exercise but keep away from drinks for 9 days. It is the same as running for 8 kilometres a day! So write down your resolution on a piece of paper and put it on the wall. And you will see the result soon. ④Sometimes when you have to stay up late for test, a cup of tea or coffee is usually on your desk. But do you know 75 to 85 percent of your brain is water? Just by drinking water, your brain can work efficiently. You may remember things quickly and well. ⑤What’s more, water washes something bad out of your body. So drinking enough water can stop you from getting old quickly. If you want to look young and beautiful, drink a glass of water right now! Keep on doing it for longer, and you will touch your soft and clean skin. ⑥Lastly, you save money! How much do coffee and juice cost? The price of water is much lower. ⑦Drink 5 glasses of water every day or visit doctors? Think about it! 1．According to Chris Bailey, _______ is the best drink. A．tea B．coffee C．juice D．water 2．Which resolution may be written on the paper in paragraph 3? A．Take more exercise. B．Drink more water. C．Use the brain more. D．Save more money. 3．The underlined word “efficiently” means “_______” in English. A．usefully B．quietly C．seriously D．repeatedly 4．What can we learn from the text? A．65 to 75 percent of the brain is water. B．Drinking tea makes you get old quickly. C．Keeping on drinking water makes hair soft and clean. D．Staying away from drinks for 9 days helps lose weight. 5．What’s the structure of the text? (①= paragraph 1, …) A． B． C． D． ( 主题04 人与自我—劳动实践 ) Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·江西南昌·期末）Do you sometimes help your parents cook in your free time? Parents usually don’t let their children cook. They think it’s dangerous for children to do it. However, scientists say that it’s good for children to do some easy work in cooking, such as doing the dishes and washing vegetables. Cooking makes children smart. In some cooking activities, children can choose and decide what things to put in a dish or how much salt to put in a dish. That’s a great way to make them think attentively (专心地). At the same time, they can learn how to serve their friends by cooking for themselves. They can also learn to eat healthily. Cooking teaches children to feel how things change. When helping cook in the kitchen, children can touch some different ingredients, and they can also see how food changes by temperature. So it’s good for them to get life experience. Cooking makes children confident (自信的). When children learn to cook, they usually feel that they have grown up, and they can do something for their family members. Children can cook a great dinner to show their love. So cooking is well worth (值得) learning. Cooking teaches children about cultures. Cooking in one culture is quite different from that in another. When cooking different kinds of foods, children can also learn about different cultures. Also, children can learn some traditional food cultures by cooking. 1．How does the writer start writing this passage? A．By asking a question. B．By showing a fact. C．By using an example. D．By listing numbers. 2．Who thinks that cooking is good for children? A．Parents. B．Teachers. C．Doctors. D．Scientists. 3．How many benefits (益处) does cooking have in this passage? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 4．What can we know from the passage? A．Cooking is the best way to make children think attentively. B．Children can grow tall and strong by cooking. C．Cooking is good for children to get life experience. D．Cooking can help children buy food cheaply. 5．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Cooking is a necessary skill for children. B．Cooking is a way to make a living. C．Cooking is a kind of sports. D．Cooking is a way to learn about different cultures. Passage 2 （23-24八年级上·广东湛江·期末）Home-made vanilla ice-cream. This is the easiest and quickest way to make vanilla (香草) ice-cream at home. It’s great fun, too! What you need: 1 spoon of sugar   1/2 cup of milk   1/4 spoon of vanilla extract (香草精) 6 spoons of salt 1 small plastic food storage bag (塑料食品储存袋) 1 large plastic food storage bag 50 ice cubes (冰块) What to do: ♦Take the small bag and add the milk, the vanilla extract and the sugar. Seal (封) the bag. ♦Take the large bag and put the ice cubes and the salt in it. The bag should be about half full of ice. ♦Put the small bag inside the large bag, and seal the large bag. ♦Shake the large bag for about five minutes. ♦Open the large bag and take the small bag out. ♦Clean the small bag and open it carefully. ♦Your ice-cream is ready to eat! 1．How much sugar do you need according to the material? A．1/4 spoon. B．1/2 spoon. C．1 spoon. D．6 spoons. 2．What should you put in the small bag? A．The milk, the sugar and the salt. B．The milk, the vanilla extract and the salt. C．The vanilla extract, the sugar and the salt. D．The milk, the vanilla extract and the sugar. 3．To make vanilla ice-cream, you do not need ________ according to the material. A． B． C． D． 4．Which of the following is TRUE? A．You need 1/4 cup of milk. B．The large bag should be full of ice. C．This way to make ice-cream is easy and interesting. D．You should shake the large bag for about 10 minutes. 5．The material may be from a ________. A．menu B．magazine C．dictionary D．storybook Passage 2 （22-23八年级下·湖南张家界·期末）Children need to learn how to do chores and help their parents with housework. Busykid is an app (应用程序) that makes doing chores for children easier. Parents set (设定) the chores and the money. When kids finish the chores, they click “I did it!”. Then on Friday kids can get the money for doing the chores. Burton is a student and he likes the app, “I can get money, then I can divide it up into three parts: save, share, and spend,” he said. “It teaches me how to make money and use it in the real world.” Many students spend too much time watching TV or playing computer games after school. They may wonder, “______” Nancy uses the app with her children. She said, “I get that question often. I just tell them that’s the way your parents raise you and we want to teach you responsibility (责任).” Margie Zitko couldn’t agree more. “Children should have chores at home,” she said. “We shouldn’t do everything for our kids. We have to help them learn about real life. Home is where kids learn.” Zitko advised that children start doing chores at a young age. The earlier kids learn to be independent, the better it is for their future. She also said the best way to help kids do chores at first is to work with them. 1．Which of the following is TRUE about Busykid? A．It helps children with chores. B．Students can watch TV with it. C．Students can only use it on Friday. 2．How many parts can Burton divide the money? A．Five. B．Four. C．Three. 3．Which of the following is best for “________” in Paragraph 3? A．What do I need to learn? B．Why do I have to do chores? C．How much money can I make? 4．Why does Nancy ask her children to do chores? A．To teach them responsibility. B．To finish the chores quickly. C．To stop them from watching TV. 5．What can we learn from Margie Zitko’s words? A．Children can learn a lot from doing chores. B．Parents should let children do chores alone. C．Parents should stop children from playing games. Passage 3 (24-25八年级上·湖北孝感·期末）Billy always loved blueberries. Today he was going to make juice with his uncle. His uncle liked to make juice out of everything. He made carrot juice, apple juice, vegetable juice, and many more kinds of juices. He’d never made blueberry juice before. First, Billy and his uncle went to a blueberry farm. They picked for an hour and got some blueberries. It was hard work picking the little berries from the trees. Now Billy understood why they are expensive in stores. Next, they had to wash the fruit and dry it. After that, they put the berries into the blender and then turned on the blender. When the blueberries turned into dark purple juice, they turned off the blender and poured the juice into a pot. When they tasted the juice, they could really taste the blueberries. But it wasn’t very sweet. They added grape juice to the blueberry juice. Billy’s uncle didn’t want to add white sugar from a bag to the berries. It was better to use a naturally sweet juice, like apple juice, pear juice, or grape juice. They used grape juice, because the grapes had a similar color to the blueberries. Finally, they could drink it. It was a lot of work to make the juice, but it tasted so nice! 1．Before making juice with Billy, Billy’s uncle had made ________. ①vegetable juice  ②apple juice  ③blueberry juice  ④carrot juice A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④ 2．According to the passage, blueberries are so expensive in the store because ________. A．they are fresher and delicious in the store B．it’s difficult for people to pick them from trees C．the workers are expensive in the store D．there aren’t many blueberry trees on the farm 3．Which of the following has a similar color to the blueberry juice? A．Grape juice. B．White sugar. C．Orange juice. D．Pear juice. 4．Which is the right structure (结构) of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1②=Paragraph2,... ) A． B． C． D． 5．What would be the best title for the passage? A．Making Blueberry Juice B．Picking Blueberries C．Bill and His Uncle D．How to Use the Blender ( 主题05 人与自然—动植物 ) Passage 1 （25-26八年级上·全国·期末）Are dolphins brainy (聪明的)? The answer must be yes! They can learn from other animals, play games, learn symbols and do much more. Humans have studied dolphins for many years to learn how their brains work. For example, people have seen dolphins use conch shells (海螺壳) to catch fish. It tells us that dolphins are good at using tools. In one study, scientists at a research center showed dolphins two boards, each with a different number of points. They taught the dolphins to pick out which board had fewer points. Then they showed the dolphins other sets of boards and asked them to point to the ones with the fewest points—this time with no help. The dolphins were able to do it, showing that they can understand some basic knowledge about numbers! So dolphins are clearly clever. But are they “The Smartest Animal of All Time”? That’s hard to say. Animals show cleverness in many ways. Some have great memories (记忆力). Take an elephant as an example. It can make out an elephant it met many years ago and say “hello”. Others are super problem-solvers, like octopuses (章鱼), who can work out how to open a can with a cover to get a treat inside. Monkeys can be fast learners, some birds have amazing senses of direction, and so on. All these kinds of cleverness are important, making it difficult to tell which animal is much smarter. At last, each animal is good at finding ways to live in the changeable environment. And this means one thing for sure: dolphins are the smartest of all in being dolphins! 1．Why does the writer start the text by asking a question? A．To make a report. B．To do a survey. C．To tell a funny story. D．To catch readers’ interest. 2．How do we know dolphins are clearly clever in Paragraph 3? A．Dolphins can use tools. B．Dolphins can compare numbers. C．Dolphins can catch different boards. D．Dolphins can play games with people. 3．Which of the following would be the writer most probably agree with? A．It’s hard to find clever animals in nature. B．Octopuses’ ability is not really important. C．Dolphins are the smartest animals on earth. D．Each animal has its own ability to fit the environment. 4．In which unit of a textbook can the text be found? A．Unit 1 Travelling around B．Unit 2 Sports and Fitness C．Unit 3 The World of animals D．Unit 4 Science and Technology Passage 2 （24-25八年级上·山东聊城·期末）Once there were many thousands of Gourma Desert (沙漠) elephants in Mali, a country in West Africa. Now there are fewer than four hundred. Why did the number of the elephants drop so quickly? On the one hand, the elephants’ main lake, their only water source (来源) dried up. On the other hand, the land which the elephants lived on was overused by humans. To protect the elephants’ living environment, the Mali Elephant Project (MEP) was started in 2007. MEP met with local people and helped them make rules of using land and water. As a result, the situation became better and there was more food, forest and grassland. However, from 2012 to 2016, poaching and illegal (非法的) trade in the elephants increased rapidly. Eighty-three elephants were lost in 2015 alone, and another fifty-one elephants were killed in 2016. “If this situation goes on, all the Gourma elephants will be killed by 2025.” said a member of MEP. Luckily, the voice of MEP was heard. More organizations have joined together to educate the local people that trading elephants is against the law. Elephant poaching has dropped to a very low level. The local people have learned to live peacefully with the elephants, one of the wildlife treasures in the world. 1．How many reasons are mentioned for the drop in the number of the elephants? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 2．Why was MEP started? A．To stop the main lake from drying up. B．To make rules of using land and water. C．To protect the elephants’ living environment. D．To stop humans from overusing the land which the elephants lived on. 3．What does the underlined word “poaching” mean in Chinese? A．繁殖 B．偷猎 C．保护 D．喂养 4．What can we infer (推断)from paragraph 4? A．Trading elephants is allowed. B．The number of elephants has increased. C．There was little elephant poaching from 2012 to 2016. D．The situation will be worse unless humans stop killing elephants. 5．What’s the passage mainly about? A．The education of the local people. B．The work of Mali Elephant project. C．The situation of Gourma Desert elephants. D．The reason why the number of the elephants dropped. Passage 3 （24-25八年级上·河南南阳·期末）Long ago, when the God first planted a tree in the garden, it was full of energy and kept moving. Then the God pulled the tree out and planted it upside down to make sure it stays in one place. What’s the tree? It’s the Baobab tree, also called monkey bread tree, bottle tree or others. The Baobab tree is a strange looking tree that grows in Africa and Australia. Just like its name “Bottle Tree”, it looks like a large bottle. Some grow as tall as a 16-floor building. During the dry season, these trees are standing there without leaves, and look like trunks (树干) sticking up in the air. But when the rainy season comes, leaves appear and then flowers come out. Later, the flowers can turn into fruit. Baobab is called “the tree of life”, because they can live longer than 1000 years old. In the dry land, the baobab can pull in and hold 1,000 gallons of water. Thirsty people can drink the water stored in the tree. The fruit, monkey bread, is good to eat. Baobab leaves are a kind of medicine. People can use the bark (树皮) to make paper or cloth. When a baobab gets old, its trunk becomes hollow. An old tree can hold many people. The local people often build their houses inside these trunks. It is such a useful tree; some people could hardly live without it. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．How does the writer begin the text? A．By asking a question. B．By showing a story. C．By singing a song. D．By giving an example. 2．Which of the following pictures is the baobab in the dry season? A． B． C． D． 3．Which word is close to the meaning of the underlined word “hollow” in Paragraph 3? A．dirty B．modern C．empty D．useful 4．The following sentences are right except ________. A．Baobab has many names B．Flowers come out in rainy seasons C．The oldest baobab is less than 1,000 years old D．The leaves of baobab are good medicine 5．What’s the best title of the passage? A．God and Baobab B．What Does Baobab Like in a Year C．Baobab’s Trunk, Leaves and Fruit D．A Special Tree-Baobab ( 主题06 人与自我—爱好 ) （24-25八年级上·四川巴中·期末）Everyone has their own preferences—things they like or enjoy. These can be very different from one person to another. Learning about and respecting (尊重) each other’s preferences helps us make better choices and enjoy life more. For example, food preferences could not be the same. Some people like vegetables, while others love meat more. Respecting these differences is important so that everyone can enjoy the meals together. People also have different preferences for activities. Some love sports, but others prefer reading. Outdoor activities like hiking or cycling are fun for some, while others like staying indoors to watch movies or play games. It’s great to find activities everyone can enjoy, but it’s also fine to do what you love on your own. After all, hobbies and interests are personal. How people spend free time can also be different. Some like listening to music to relax, while others enjoy hanging out with friends. There’s no right way to spend your time—it’s about what makes you happy. Trying new things is good, but doing what you love is the most important. Talking about what we like and respecting others’ choices helps us get along better. Whether it’s food, activities, or something else, accepting different preferences makes life more enjoyable for everyone. 1．What are preferences according to the passage? A．Things we dislike. B．Things we like or enjoy. C．Things we have to do. D．Things we are good at. 2．What does the passage say about people’s preferences? A．Preferences are always the same. B．Preferences are meaningless. C．Preferences are not personal. D．Preferences can be different. 3．What should we do if someone likes sweet food but others don’t? A．Let everyone eat sweet food together. B．Accept their different tastes. C．Argue with them loudly. D．Refuse to eat sweet food. 4．According to the passage, why is it fine to do activities on your own? A．Because everyone could have their own interests. B．Because doing things alone is always better. C．Because people will never agree on activities. D．Because group activities are usually not fun. 5．What can we learn from the passage? A．People should always try new things. B．People should only do something they like. C．Respecting preferences helps us enjoy life more. D．Preferences are not important in our life. ( 主题06 人与自然—环境 ) Passage 1 （25-26八年级上·全国·期末）The sun is slow to appear when Russia’s spring starts in March. There is still snow and the weather is cold. It doesn’t get warm until May 1st. Although it is known as Labour Day around the world, May 1st is also called A Day of Spring and Labour in Russia. If you visit Russia in March and April, you can expect lower hotel prices and the chance to enjoy events like International Working Women’s Day. And May offers clearer skies and streets with fewer people, making it one of the best times to explore Russia. Summer in Russia lasts from June to August and attracts the most tourists due to the warm weather. The beautiful gardens come to life and there are lots of cultural festivals. In Moscow, temperatures often rise to 30℃. Sometimes it can be chilly because of the sudden rain. During these months, you can follow the Russians who travel south to enjoy the beautiful Black Sea and Altai Mountains. Autumn is a short but beautiful season. After a grey (阴沉的) end to August, the sun often shines throughout September and even into October. This lovely weather is called Indian summer. The forests show beautiful colours, making the whole country look amazing. The warm weather is also good for outdoor activities. Also, if you want to enjoy famous ballet (芭蕾舞) performances, this is a good time to visit. Winter in Russia is not as cold as you might think. Outside of Siberia or the Arctic Circle, temperatures usually stay around -7℃ in January, the coldest month. The beautiful snow is perfect for all kinds of winter sports. Russian New Year celebrations last for two weeks, filled with music, dancing, and feasts (盛宴), making early January a lively time to visit. So, when is the best time to visit Russia? That’s for you to decide! 1．Russians welcome spring on ________. A．International Working Women’s Day B．New Year’s Day C．National Day D．Labour Day 2．What does the underlined word “chilly” mean? A．Wet. B．Exciting. C．Cold. D．Unpleasant. 3．What can we learn about Indian summer? A．It only happens in India. B．It usually happens in autumn. C．The sky is always grey when it happens. D．It means the hottest period of the year. 4．Which of the following is TRUE about Russia? A．January is the coldest month in Russia. B．It has more visitors in autumn than in summer. C．Summer lasts longer than spring in Russia. D．It’s not a good idea to visit Russia in January. 5．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．A travel guide for the Russians. B．Four seasons in Russia and some tips for visitors. C．The relationship between the weather and tourism in Russia. D．Some unusual weather events in Russian history. Passage 2 （24-25八年级上·山东聊城·期末）Xiamen is in the southeast of China, with over 5 million people living in the city. It has hot summers and short cool winters. Most people think it is enjoyable to live here. Xiamen has a long history and rich culture and its economy (经济) is growing quickly now. There are many places of interest in Xiamen. One of them is Gulangyu. The island is separated (被分离) from Xiamen by the 600-meter-wide Lujiang River, like a garden on the water. People can go there only by ship, and cars and buses cannot run on the island. Famous for its natural beauty, Gulangyu became one of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites (世界文化遗址) on July 8th, 2017. What’s more, many visitors from all over the world would like to visit Gulangyu to enjoy its special buildings. Xiamen is also known for its beautiful beaches. The Baicheng Beach is very popular, and there are a lot of visitors enjoying the blue sea and the sun here every day. It’s a wonderful place to relax at the end of the day. If visitors don’t have time to go in the late afternoon for sunset, the morning is lovely too. There are also many water activities for visitors, such as swimming and surfing. They can also go for a bike ride along the beach to enjoy the sea. So why not take a trip to enjoy the beauty of Xiamen next time? You can run away from the busy life for a short time and relax. At the same time, it’s a good place for you to know about different cultures in China. 1．Which of the following information is NOT mentioned in in Paragraph 1? A．Where Xiamen is. B．The weather in Xiamen. C．The population of Xiamen. D．The famous people in Xiamen. 2．How can people go to Gulangyu? A．By bus. B．By ship. C．By car. D．By plane. 3．Gulangyu is so popular with visitors because ________. A．visitors can have a bus tour on the island B．it is the only garden on the water in the city C．it has the natural beauty and special buildings D．it is a good place for visitors to go fishing by ship 4．Which of the following about the Baicheng Beach is TRUE? A．The old buildings there are so beautiful. B．It was exciting to play in many water activities. C．Many people there enjoy watching animals. D．Visitors are surprised at the long history of the beach. 5．The writer writes the passage to ________. A．advise more people to visit Xiamen B．tell people the importance of Xiamen C．tell visitors about the history of Xiamen D．talk about the famous beaches in Xiamen 28 / 28 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 说明文阅读 ( 主题01 人与自然—科技 ) Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·内蒙古赤峰·期末）One day, you open the fridge and find some moldy (发霉的) food. But before you throw it away, your mother stops you. She doesn’t want to waste food. She cuts off the moldy part and eats the rest. Is it safe to do this? Mold (霉菌) can grow on almost all kinds of food. Mold makes food soft and changes its color. Moldy food tastes quite bad, and it’s not safe to eat. If you find mold in soft food, just throw it away. Soft food, such as bread, usually contains water. This helps mold to easily grow. But it’s easy to remove mold from hard food. The mold can’t grow very deep inside this kind of food. It’s OK to cut the moldy parts (around and under 2.5 cm) out of hard food and eat the rest. But if the food is covered with mold all over, you should still throw it away. _________ But some kinds of mold can be used to make food. For example, penicillium (青霉素) can be used to make many kinds of cheeses. These cheeses are safe to eat. 1．The writer starts the passage by ________. A．telling a story B．answering a question C．using numbers D．taking an example 2．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Soft food. B．Water. C．Mold. D．Bread. 3．If your potato is covered with mold all over, what should you do with it? A．Just throw it away. B．Never mind, just eat it. C．Just cut the moldy part around and under 2.5 cm. D．Just wash it away, then you can eat it. 4．Which can be the best sentence for ______? A．There are also healthy mold. B．Most kinds of mold are bad for us. C．Not all molds carry bacteria with them. D．There are many kinds of mold. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文介绍了在食物上出现霉菌的情况和日常处理方法。 1．细节理解题。根据“One day, you open the fridge and find some moldy (发霉的) food. But before you throw it away, your mother stops you. She doesn’t want to waste food.”可知妈妈会阻止你扔掉发霉的食物，作者是用举例子来引出话题，故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“If you find mold in soft food, just throw it away.”可知在软食物上发现有霉菌，把它扔掉。故填it指的是“soft food”，故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“But if the food is covered with mold all over, you should still throw it away.”可知硬的食物上都是霉菌，也应该扔掉。故选A。 1．推理判断题。根据“But some kinds of mold can be used to make food.”可知空格后的句子讲述的是霉菌也有一些好的作用，与前一句是转折关系，故可推测，前一句是总结大部分霉菌都是坏的。选项B符合语境，故选B。 ( 主题02 人与自我—成长建议 ) Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·内蒙古赤峰·期末）Helping your children choose a hobby is very good for them. Here is some advice. Know your children’s interests. If he/she likes collecting baseball cards, buy him/her a special scrapbook. Try different hobbies. Introduce a new hobby as a birthday or a holiday gift. By trying something quite different, your child may become interested in it or get to know a new thing. Share a hobby with your children and spending family time doing fun things can make a healthy and nice relationship (关系). Don’t push your interests to your children. Don’t show your unhappiness when they choose something different from what you think of. Hobbies are a great way for children to learn new things. Help your children to try different interests until they choose one they want to learn more about. 2．What can you do if your son likes collecting baseball cards? A．Buy him a baseball. B．Give him some baseball cards. C．Play baseball with him. D．Buy him a scrapbook. 3．Which tip can make the family relationship better? A．Know your children’s interests. B．Share a hobby with your children. C．Try different hobbies. D．Don’t push your interests to your children. 4．Who is the passage written for? A．Parents. B．Teachers. C．Students. D．Doctors. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Parents should make friends with their children. B．How to help children choose hobbies. C．Hobbies are a great way for children to learn new things. D．Let children choose their own interests. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文主要向父母提出一些建议来帮助孩子选择一个爱好。 1．细节理解题。根据“If he/she likes collecting baseball cards, buy him/her a special scrapbook.”可知，如果你儿子喜欢收集棒球卡，你可以给他买一本剪贴簿。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Share a hobby with your children and spending family time doing fun things can make a healthy and nice relationship (关系).”可知，和你的孩子分享一个爱好，把家庭时间花在做有趣的事情上，可以改善家庭关系。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第一段“Helping your children choose a hobby is very good for them. Here is some advice.”并通读全文可知，本文主要向父母提出一些建议，来帮助自己的孩子选择一个爱好，可推知，文章是写给家长的。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Helping your children choose a hobby is very good for them. Here is some advice.”并通读全文可知，本文主要向父母提出一些建议，来帮助自己的孩子选择一个爱好，所以B项正确。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级上·内蒙古乌兰察布·期末）Being outgoing is good for your life. Those people who are more outgoing like to meet lots of people and have more fun in life. In fact, being outgoing is not so hard as you think. Even shy people can be outgoing. You can start to become outgoing with your best friends or a group of friends. But the real challenge (挑战) comes when you meet strangers (陌生人) or new friends. Smile (微笑) more and usually they will smile back. In this way, you may have some talks. Start a talk. “Hello!” or “How is it going? ” is a good start. If you want to make interesting talks, you can read news in newspapers and prepare your views or use the Internet to find new information and then keep that in mind. The easiest way to become more outgoing is to go out. This is also the most important thing. Go to a park, beach, club, party or any other place that you think can be fun, and you may make new friends there. 1．Who should we start being outgoing with? A．Our parents. B．Our teachers. C．Our best friends. D．Our shy friends. 2．What does the underlined word “views” mean? A．Grades. B．Ideas. C．Competitions. D．Mirrors. 3．Which is the easiest way to become more outgoing? A．Talking. B．Smiling. C．Playing. D．Going out. 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Smile at strangers B．Being outgoing is not hard C．Being outgoing is good for our lives D．The ways of being outgoing 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文介绍了一些变得外向的方法。 1．细节理解题。根据“You can start to become outgoing with your best friends or a group of friends.”可知，我们可以和最好的朋友或一群朋友一起开始变得外向。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“If you want to make interesting talks, you can read news in newspapers and prepare your views or use the Internet to find new information and then keep that in mind.”可知，这一句提到了如果你想做有趣的演讲，你可以在报纸上读新闻，准备你的观点，因此views是指“见解，看法”，与ideas近义。故选B。   3．细节理解题。根据“The easiest way to become more outgoing is to go out.”可知，变得外向最简单的方法是外出。故选D。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文，整篇文章围绕“如何变得外向”展开，最佳标题为“变得外向的方法”。故选D。 Passage 3 （25-26八年级上·全国·期末）Friends are very important in our everyday life. Everyone needs friends. You will feel lonely if you have no friends. Everyone likes to make friends. If you have friends, you can help each other. It is nice to have a friend to talk, laugh and do things together. Certainly, sometimes you need to be alone. For example, when you need to have a good rest, you don’t want people to disturb you. You don’t always want people around. But most of the time, you need friends in your life. Sometimes your friends move away. You can’t see them for a long time. You feel very down. When you miss them very much, you had better call them or write to them. You can also make new friends. No two people in the world are just the same. Friends sometimes don’t get on well with each other. That doesn’t mean that they no longer like each other. Most of the time they will make it up and become friends again. If you have many friends, you will live longer. Studies show people with friends live longer than those without friends. Why? Friends can make you feel happy. Being happy helps you stay well. If someone cares about you, you will take better care of yourself. These show the importance of making friends. 1．What will happen if people have no friends? A．They will feel lonely. B．They will feel happy. C．They will move away. D．They will look after themselves. 2．What does the underlined word “down” mean? A．Happy. B．Sad. C．Excited. D．Relaxed. 3．You make new friends when your old friends ________. A．stay alone B．are angry with you C．move away D．have new friends 4．If you can’t see your old friends for a long time, _______. A．you should call them or write to them B．you can be angry with them C．you should visit them D．you may forget them 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．How to live longer B．How to make new friends C．Meeting lonely friends D．The importance of making friends 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了朋友在日常生活中的重要性，包括情感支持、互助、健康影响等方面，并强调了交友的意义。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“You will feel lonely if you have no friends.”可知，如果没有朋友，人们会感到孤独。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据文章第2段“Sometimes your friends move away. You can’t see them for a long time. You feel very down.”可知，你的朋友搬走后，你会很长时间见不到他们，所以你会感到非常低落，可推测“down”意为“悲伤”。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“Sometimes your friends move away...You can also make new friends.”可知，有时朋友搬走了，你也可以交新朋友。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“When you miss them very much, you had better call them or write to them.”可知，当你很长时间见不到你的朋友但又想念他们时，你最好打电话或写信给他们。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了朋友在日常生活中的重要性，并强调了交友的意义。故选D。 Passage 4 （25-26八年级上·全国·期末）It is important to keep enough energy. Here are some ways to renew your energy. Get out of bed immediately. To feel and stay refreshed, you need to wake up and get up at the same time every day. A tip: keep the alarm far enough away so that you have to get out of bed to turn it off. That will get you moving in the morning. Enter your day carefully. Use those extra minutes to start the morning slowly and calmly. Begin by drinking a cup of coffee and thinking about three things you’re thankful for. Write them down. Throw away each negative (消极的) thought and take the place of it with a positive (积极的) one—negative feelings take a lot of mental energy. Get moving. Exercise can help make you stronger and healthier, so get the blood flowing early in the day if you can. If there is time for a trip to the gym or pool in the morning, that’s fabulous! Balance your breakfast. Try to eat a mix of foods like whole grains, healthy fats and protein (蛋白质) to make sure your energy is enough as you go through the day. Eggs make an excellent start for the day. Take a break from the TV. Give yourself a weekend break to spend a few hours staying in green places instead of staying indoors. Research has found that spending time in nature can lower blood pressure and improve mental health. 1．How does the writer feel if he wakes up and gets up at the same time? A．Relaxed. B．Bored. C．Tired. D．Renewed. 2．Why does the writer suggest taking the place of negative feelings with positive ones? A．Because each of us doesn’t need negative feelings. B．Because negative feelings may make us feel sad. C．Because positive feelings can save us much mental energy. D．Because negative feelings take a lot of time in our daily life. 3．What does the underlined word “fabulous” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Great. B．Strange. C．Easy. D．Popular. 4．Which suggestion about renewing your energy isn’t mentioned in the passage? A． B． C． D． 5．Which is the best title of the passage? A．The ways of dealing with health problems B．The ways of renewing the energy C．The importance of eating breakfast D．The importance of movements 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文主要讲的是如何恢复精力。 1．细节理解题。根据“To feel and stay refreshed, you need to wake up and get up at the same time every day.”可知，醒来后立刻起床会使人感觉精神焕发。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据“negative feelings take a lot of mental energy”可知，消极情绪会消耗大量心理能量，由此可推知积极情绪可以节省心理能量。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Exercise can help make you stronger and healthier”以及“If there is time for a trip to the gym or pool in the morning, that’s fabulous!”可知，早上去健身房锻炼或去游泳是很不错的，fabulous和great词义相近。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“Get moving.”、“Balance your breakfast.”以及“Give yourself a weekend break to spend a few hours staying in green places instead of staying indoors. Research has found that spending time in nature can lower blood pressure and improve mental health.”可知，文章中提到了吃早饭、运动以及去户外，但没有提到读书。故选D。 5．最佳标题题。根据“Here are some ways to renew your energy.”并通读全文可知，本文主要讲的是如何恢复精力。故选B。 ( 主题03 人与自然—动植物 ) Passage 1 （25-26八年级上·全国·期末）The red panda, also known as the lesser panda, mainly lives in the Eastern Himalayas in places like China, Nepal and Bhutan. People thought that it was a member of the bear family at first, but researchers finally grouped the red panda into its own independent family according to DNA research results. The research also showed that the red panda is a close relative of the raccoon (浣熊), but it is not closely related to the giant panda which belongs to the bear family. Red pandas are in danger of dying out, according to experts in wildlife protection. The number of red pandas around the world has gone down by half in the last twenty years. The biggest challenge for red pandas is that they are losing their homes because humans are cutting down trees for wood and clearing land for farming. What’s more, some people even catch red pandas to make clothes with their special fur. There are some events around the world to protect red pandas, but they still need more help. To protect red pandas better, it’s necessary to draw more public attention to them. International Red Panda Day was set up for this reason. It is on the third Saturday of September every year. There are many things we can do for red pandas. You can read a book or watch a video about these amazing animals, join an International Red Panda Day activity near you, see red pandas at your local zoo or share articles and pictures about red pandas on your social media. 1．What can we learn about red pandas? A．Classifying them into a family isn’t a simple task. B．Most red pandas live in China. C．The lack of food has put them in danger. D．There are many more red pandas than giant pandas in the wild. 2．Which of the following is the most similar in DNA to the red panda? A．The giant panda. B．The bear. C．The raccoon. D．The fox. 3．How much has the number of red pandas dropped by in the last 20 years? A．30%. B．40%. C．50%. D．60%. 4．Why was International Red Panda Day set up? A．To study red pandas more easily. B．To celebrate the discovery of red pandas. C．To make red pandas more popular in zoos. D．To draw public attention to red panda protection. 5．In which part of a magazine can we probably find this passage? A．SOCIETY. B．NATURE. C．LIFESTYLE. D．CULTURE. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了小熊猫的基本信息、面临的困境及保护措施。 1．推理判断题。根据“People thought that it was a member of the bear family at first, but researchers finally grouped the red panda into its own independent family according to DNA research results.”可知，最初人们以为小熊猫属于熊科，但最终根据DNA的研究结果将小熊猫归入了独立的小熊猫科，由此可推知，对小熊猫的分科工作并不容易。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“The research also showed that the red panda is a close relative of the raccoon”可知，浣熊是小熊猫的近亲，因此浣熊与小熊猫在DNA上最相似。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“The number of red pandas around the world has gone down by half in the last twenty years.”可知，在过去的二十年间，小熊猫的数量下降了一半，即50%。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“To protect red pandas better…draw more public attention…was set up for this reason.”可知，国际小熊猫日设立的目的是引起公众对保护小熊猫的关注。故选D。 5．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了小熊猫的基本信息、面临的困境及保护措施，内容与“大自然”相关，因此我们可能在杂志的“大自然”部分读到这篇文章。故选B。 Passage 2 （25-26八年级上·福建福州·期末）Do you know a special kind of forest in China? We call it “the mangrove (红树林)” or “the red forest”. Are the mangroves red? No, mangroves don’t have red leaves. They are green. Mangroves grow in the water on the coast. The place of mangrove planting in China is between 20°-30°N and 105°-120°E. Some parts of the trees are out of the water. They are home to mammals like monkeys. The other parts in the water make great homes for baby sea animals, like baby fish. Mangroves can grow as high as 10 meters. They keep the land away from strong winds and waves (海浪). Like other trees, mangroves take in CO₂ to make O₂. They are helping to make air clean on the earth. But now there are fewer and fewer mangroves. We need to do more to protect them. 1．Which picture shows the mangroves? A． B． C． D． 2．Which city in the map can grow mangroves? A．A B．B C．C D．D 3．How can mangroves be good for us? ①They can keep air clean.        ②They can make CO₂. ③They can protect the land from winds.    ④They provide homes for some animals. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．②③④ D．①③④ 4．Why does the writer write the passage? A．To tell a story of mangroves. B．To ask us to do something for mangroves. C．To answer why mangroves grow in water. D．To let us know where mangroves can grow. 5．In which part of a newspaper can we read this passage? A．Nature. B．Science. C．Health. D．Sports. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了红树林的生长环境、生态功能及其对防风净化的作用，指出其当前数量减少的现状，并呼吁加强保护。 1．细节理解题。根据“Are the mangroves red? No, mangroves don’t have red leaves. They are green.”、“Mangroves grow in the water on the coast.”及“Some parts of the trees are out of the water.”可知，红树林树叶是绿色的，生长在水中并且部分树干露出水面，图片D符合描述，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据地图及“The place of mangrove planting in China is between 20°-30°N and 105°-120°E.”可知，红树林种植范围是北纬20°-30°、东经105°-120°，地图上标出的C城市符合该范围。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“They keep the land away from strong winds and waves (海浪). Like other trees, mangroves take in CO₂ to make O₂. They are helping to make air clean on the earth. The other parts in the water make great homes for baby sea animals, like baby fish.”可知，红树林可以保持空气清洁、保护陆地免受风的侵袭、为一些动物提供家园，①③④正确，故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据“But now there are fewer and fewer mangroves. We need to do more to protect them.”可知，作者写这篇文章是呼吁我们为保护红树林做些事情，故选B。 5．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了红树林这种自然事物，所以最可能在报纸的“自然”板块读到，故选A。 ( 主题04 人与社会—文学作品 )（25-26八年级上·福建福州·期末）Journey to the West (《西游记》) is one of China’s most famous old stories. Now, it’s becoming popular around the world! American companies are making new versions (版本) of the story with new technology. In 2025, a company called Stars Collective said they would make three animated (动画的) films: Ba Jie, Monkey King, and Ne Zha. These films will tell more about the main characters. For example, Ba Jie was always seen as a lazy and hungry pig. But the new film will show his good side — he is loyal (忠诚的) and brave! The Monkey King film will talk about the story of the “True and False Monkey King”, showing how Sun Wukong grows from a wild hero to a responsible (有担当的) warrior (战士). To make these films, the company will use AI (人工智能) to draw pictures and special cameras to catch movements. This will create a very real-looking “myth world”. Viewers (观众) can even play with scenes like “The Great Sage’s Rebellion” through XR technology, feeling like they are holding Sun Wukong’s golden stick! This is not the first time Journey to the West is loved worldwide. In 2024, the video game Black Myth: Wukong sold 28 million copies, and the film Ne Zha 2 made over $2 billion. These new films want to bring Chinese stories to people around the world in a modern way. Why do people love Journey to the West so much? Because it talks about things everyone understands: how heroes grow, the power of teamwork, and sharing different cultures. From Hollywood films to Japanese cartoons like Dragon Ball, the Monkey King’s story keeps inspiring (激励) people. 1．Which company is making the new Journey to the West animated films? A．Disney. B．Netflix. C．Stars Collective. D．Warner Bros. 2．What new technology is used to draw pictures for the films? A．3D printing. B．AI. C．Traditional painting. D．Clay models. 3．Why are the new films Ba Jie and Monkey King made? A．To show the characters’ new looks. B．To tell funny stories about animals. C．To explore the characters’ deeper stories. D．To introduce Chinese food to the world. 4．What can we learn about Ba Jie from the text? A．He is always lazy and hungry in the new film. B．The new film shows his loyalty and bravery. C．He doesn’t like Sun Wukong in the story. D．He can turn into 72 different forms. 5．What is the main idea of the text? A．Journey to the West is a famous Chinese story about monkeys. B．American companies use new technology to make cartoons. C．Journey to the West is popular worldwide with new versions. D．Sun Wukong is the most popular character in the story. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国公司运用AI、XR等技术制作《西游记》新动画电影，通过深度挖掘角色故事，将这一中国经典以现代方式推向全球。 1．细节理解题。根据“In 2025, a company called Stars Collective said they would make three animated (动画的) films”可知，是Stars Collective公司在制作新的《西游记》动画电影，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“To make these films, the company will use AI (人工智能) to draw pictures”可知，制作电影用人工智能来画画，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“These films will tell more about the main characters.”可知，制作新电影是为了深入探索角色的故事，故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“But the new film will show his good side — he is loyal (忠诚的) and brave!”可知，新电影展示了八戒忠诚和勇敢的一面，故选B。 5．主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了《西游记》以新版本在全球受到欢迎，美国公司用新技术制作相关电影等情况，故选C。 ( 主题05 人与自我—安全 ) （25-26八年级上·全国·期末）Bike riding has a lot of fun, but accidents happen sometimes. Here’s some advice on how to ride a bike safely.A Helmet You should choose the right helmet, and you need to wear it in the right way.Be Seen, Be Safe! Wearing bright clothes and putting reflectors (反光玻璃) on your bike can also help you stay safe. They help other riders and drivers on the road see you.Where to Ride You need to talk with your parents about where to go, how far to go and which way to choose. Keep an eye on the road ahead so that you can be prepared for big hills and road obstacles (路障).Road Rules ·Ride with your hands on the handlebars. ·Ride on the right-hand side of the street. Never ride against the traffic. ·Use bike lanes or designated bike routes wherever you can. ·Stop at all stop signs and obey traffic lights just as cars do.Hand Signals It is necessary to learn some hand signals. These hand signals help drivers of cars and trucks know what you will do next, so they don’t run into you. 1．What’s the theme of the passage? A．Health. B．Safety. C．School. D．Family. 2．When you go somewhere by bike, what should you talk about with your parents? ①the place ②the distance ③the route ④road obstacles A．①②④ B．①③④ C．①②③ D．②③④ 3．According to the passage, how many kinds of advice does the writer give us? A．4. B．5. C．10. D．6. 4．Which of the following hand signals means “TURNING RIGHT”? A． B． C． D． 5．What's the main idea of this article? A．How to ride your bike. B．How to follow the traffic rules. C．The ways of riding bikes. D．How to ride bikes safely. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．D 【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了如何安全地骑自行车，给出了关于头盔、可见性、骑行地点、交通规则和手势信号等方面的建议。 1．主旨大意题。根据“Here’s some advice on how to ride a bike safely.”可知，文章主题是安全骑行，属于“Safety”范畴。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“You need to talk with your parents about where to go, how far to go and which way to choose.”可知，要和父母讨论的是地点、距离、路线，即①②③。故选C。   3．细节理解题。文章分别从“A Helmet”“Be Seen, Be Safe!”“Where to Ride”“Road Rules”“Hand Signals”五个方面给出建议。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据交通常识可知，要右转的时候右手臂向右伸直通常表示“右转(TURNING RIGHT)”，对应选项D的手势。故选D。 5．主旨大意题。根据“Here’s some advice on how to ride a bike safely.”可知，文章主要讲的是如何安全地骑自行车。故选D。 ( 主题06 人与自我—未来规划 )（24-25八年级下·海南海口·期末）Do you have a dream job? Here are three great ones on our list! Pet Helper Anna loves animals very much. She works in a pet store and her job is to care for pets when their owners go out. Every morning, she feeds cats and dogs, then takes them for walks. She teaches little dogs to sit and play. The best part? She plays with rabbits, kittens and puppies every day! Book Reviewer (评论员) Tommy works for a kids’ magazine. His job is to read books and tell kids which ones are good. “I look for stories with funny parts or brave characters,” he says. He writes short reviews like, “This book made me laugh a lot!” or “The main character is so cool!” Book companies send him free books every week. “It’s like finding new worlds in books,” he smiles. Ice Cream Taster Luna works for an ice cream company. Her job is to try new kinds of ice cream! She tastes strawberries, chocolate and sweet flavors. “I eat nice ice cream every day,” she says. If it’s too strong or not sweet enough, she tells the workers. The best thing? She takes big boxes of free ice cream home for her family! Luna says, “It’s like a long, happy summer!” These jobs show that work can be fun when you love it. Whether caring for pets, sharing books, or tasting ice cream, the best jobs make every day special. So start dreaming—your perfect job might be closer than you think! 1．What does Anna do in a pet store every morning? A．She cooks food. B．She trains cats and dogs. C．She washes the pets. 2．How does Tommy feel about his job? A．Happy. B．Relaxed. C．Busy. 3．Why does Luna say “It’s like a long, happy summer!”? A．To show how hard she works. B．To explain why she likes her job. C．To tell how much ice cream she eats. 4．What’s the common point between Tommy’s and Luna’s jobs? A．They both work in a quiet environment. B．They both need to work long hours a day. C．They both get free things from their work. 5．What does the writer want to tell us through the three jobs? A．We must learn skills to choose jobs. B．We should try different kinds of jobs. C．We can enjoy our jobs if we love them. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．C 【知识点】工作与职业、说明文 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了三种有趣的职业（宠物助手、书评员、冰淇淋品尝师），并通过从业者的经历说明热爱工作能带来快乐。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“Every morning, she feeds cats and dogs, then takes them for walks. She teaches little dogs to sit and play.”可知，Anna的工作包括训练猫狗。故选B。 2．观点态度题。根据文章第3段“‘It’s like finding new worlds in books,’ he smiles.”可推知，他对工作感到快乐。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第4段Luna的描述“I eat nice ice cream every day…The best thing? She takes big boxes of free ice cream home”（每天品尝美味的冰淇淋，还能带免费冰淇淋回家）及划线句的比喻，可知她用“漫长的快乐夏天”表达对工作的喜爱。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据第3段“Book companies send him free books every week”和第4段“She takes big boxes of free ice cream home”可知，两人都从工作中获得免费物品。故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据文章末段“These jobs show that work can be fun when you love it… the best jobs make every day special”（这些工作表明，热爱工作能带来乐趣，最好的工作让每一天都特别）可知，作者想传达“热爱工作才能享受工作”的观点。故选C。 ( 主题01 人与自然—科技 ) Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·海南·期末）In Tianjin, China, a group of people are waiting at the bus stop. Soon, a bus comes. It isn’t the bus that we usually see on the street. It looks like a panda with black ears and black eyes. After getting on the bus, people only need to buy their tickets by scanning (扫描) their hands! About one minute later, the bus begins its self-driving mode (模式). It will stop automatically (自动地) when it meets traffic lights. That is to say, it can drive and stop by itself. But there is still a driver on the bus. He will do something if the bus is in danger. There are also some robots on the bus. People can talk to them and ask them for help. If there is a bad person on the bus, the robots will call the police. “It’s convenient,” says a woman taking the bus. “And children love the bus because there are many pictures of cats on it.” DeepBlue makes this kind of buses. They’re working in ten cities all over China. More cities in China will have this kind of buses this year. I think soon you can take the bus in your city. Now smart buses are no longer buses in the past. Would you like to take a ride on the smart bus? 1．What does the bus look like? A．A cat. B．A robot. C．A panda. 2．Why is there still a driver on the bus? A．Because he can do something if the bus is in danger. B．Because he sells the ticket on the bus. C．Because he needs to help the children on the bus. 3．What can the robots do on the bus? ①Call the police.    ②Talk to people.    ③Play with children. A．①② B．②③ C．①③ 4．What can we know from the passage? A．The ticket of the smart bus is pretty expensive. B．It’s a smart bus with black ears and black eyes. C．People don’t need to pay for tickets on the bus. 5．Which is the best title of the passage? A．Buses in the future B．A new kind of bus C．The history of DeepBlue 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国天津出现的一种新型智能公交车，其外观像熊猫，具有自动驾驶功能，车上配备司机和机器人，为乘客提供便捷服务，并计划在全国更多城市推广。 1．细节理解题。根据“It looks like a panda with black ears and black eyes.”可知，这辆公交车看起来像熊猫。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“But there is still a driver on the bus. He will do something if the bus is in danger.”可知，车上保留司机是因为若公交车遇到危险，司机能采取措施。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“There are also some robots on the bus. People can talk to them and ask them for help. If there is a bad person on the bus, the robots will call the police.”可知，机器人能和人交谈、报警，不能和孩子玩耍。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“It looks like a panda with black ears and black eyes.”、“... people only need to buy their tickets by scanning (扫描) their hands! About one minute later, the bus begins its self-driving mode (模式). ... That is to say, it can drive and stop by itself.”以及“There are also some robots on the bus.”可知，这是一辆有着黑耳朵黑眼睛，能扫码购票、自动驾驶、有机器人的智能公交车。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一种外形像熊猫的新型智能公交车，包括它的外观、功能以及使用情况等，所以选项B“一种新型公交车”能概括文章主旨，是最佳标题。故选B。 ( 主题02 人与自我—成长建议 ) Passage 1 （25-26八年级上·全国·期末）①Are you shy? If you are, you are not alone. In fact, about 50 percent of people are shy. Almost 80 percent of people feel shy at some points in their lives. Now, scientists have some interesting ideas about why people are shy. ②Scientists say 15 to 20 percent of babies behave shyly. These babies are a little quieter than other babies. Interestingly, these shy babies usually have shy parents. Scientists believe some shyness is genetic (遗传的). ③Family size may be another factor (因素). Scientists at Harvard University found 66 percent of shy children had older brothers and sisters. These children were often bullied (欺负) by their brothers and sisters. As a result, they became shy. However, children with no brothers or sisters can be shy too. Growing up alone, they often play by themselves. It’s hard for them to develop social skills as children from big families. ④You may also be shy because of your birthplace. In Japan, most people are shy. But in Israel (以色列), only one third of people are. In Japan, when people fail, they blame themselves. In Israel, people often blame other things, such as family, friends, or bad luck. ⑤For shy people, it can be difficult to make friends, speak in class, and even get a good job. But scientists say you can overcome your shyness. They suggest trying new things and talking with others more. 1．What is the theme of the passage? A．Happiness. B．Shyness. C．Loneliness. D．Kindness. 2．________ people feel shy at some points in their lives. A．Almost 80 percent of people B．Less than 30 percent of people C．Fifteen to twenty percent of people D．Six percent of people 3．Scientists give ________ as a suggestion to shy people. A．blaming their failure on others B．trying to find out why they are shy C．staying away from other shy people D．trying new things and talking more 4．What can we learn from the story? A．Most babies are born shy. B．If you are shy now, you will be shy forever. C．Most shy children have older brothers and sisters. D．Shyness doesn’t influence people’s lives. 5．Which of the following is the structure of the passage? (①=paragraph 1, …) A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了人们害羞的原因以及克服害羞的方法。 1．主旨大意题。根据“Are you shy? ... Now, scientists have some interesting ideas about why people are shy.”可知，本文的主题是害羞。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Almost 80 percent of people feel shy at some points in their lives.”可知，几乎80%的人在生活中的某些时刻会感到害羞。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“They suggest trying new things and talking with others more.”可知，科学家给害羞的人的建议是尝试新事物并多和别人交流。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“Scientists at Harvard University found 66 percent of shy children had older brothers and sisters.”可知，大多数害羞的孩子有哥哥或姐姐。故选C。 5．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第①段引出“害羞”这一话题，第②、③、④段分别从遗传、家庭规模、出生地方面介绍害羞的原因，第⑤段讲述如何克服害羞，总体上属于“总—分—总”结构，图C符合文章的结构。故选C。 Passage 2 （25-26八年级上·山东烟台·期末）We spend most of our time with friends we like. What kind of people are welcomed by others, then? There are people that can always attract (吸引) you. By being with them just once, you start to like them. If you wonder (想知道) why they attract people and want to be a person like them, you should learn from them. Firstly, everybody wants to be happy and nobody wants to spend their time with an unhappy person. If you are with a happy person, you are more likely to be happy, too. This is what we call mood linkage (心境联结). So if you are a happy person, many people are willing to spend their time with you. Next, everybody needs someone to encourage them, because sometimes in our lives we meet some bad things. So if you always choose to cheer others up with encouraging words or actions, they will be glad to spend time with you. Lastly, you are not a true friend if you don’t give a hand to your friends when they need help. You should always be helpful. One day when you need help, they will be there for you, too. It feels good if people around you want to be your friends. So if you want to attract people and make more friends, just have a try. You will also enjoy being a better person. 1．What can be an example of “mood linkage” according to the passage? A．You may feel sad when you are with sad people. B．You will be happy to see someone lose his games. C．You will laugh loudly when you hear funny stories. D．You would like to help someone when you’re happy. 2．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Your parents. B．Your friends. C．People who attract you. D．People who are around you. 3．What can help a person to attract others? a. Being successful.  b. Being helpful.  c. Being happy.  d. Being beautiful. A．a and b B．c and d C．b and c D．a and d 4．Which is the right structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1 ② = Paragraph 2,...) A． B． C． D． 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Ways to Help Friends B．Ways to Live a Happy Life C．Ways to Attract People D．Ways to Encourage Others 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．C 【知识点】方法/策略、朋友、说明文 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了三种能够吸引他人、受人欢迎的特质：保持快乐、鼓励他人和乐于助人，并鼓励读者尝试这些方法来结交更多朋友。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段“If you are with a happy person, you are more likely to be happy, too. This is what we call mood linkage.”可知，如果和快乐的人在一起，你更可能快乐，这就是心境联结；据此可以推断，和悲伤的人在一起可能会感到悲伤，这也是心境联结的例子。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据第四段“you are not a true friend if you don’t give a hand to your friends when they need help”可知，如果你在朋友需要帮助时不伸出援手，就不是真正的朋友；据此可以推断，划线单词“they”指前一句中的“your friends”。故选B。 3．细节理解题。文章提到吸引他人的方式有保持快乐（第二段）、给予鼓励（第三段）、乐于助人（第四段），对应选项中的b和c；而文章未提及a“成功”和d“美丽”，排除。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。综合全文可知，第①段引出主题，第②、③、④段分别阐述三个方法，第⑤段总结鼓励行动；因此，文章结构为“总-分-总”，选项D结构图符合题意。故选D。 5．最佳标题题。综合全文可知，本文围绕“如何吸引他人，成为受欢迎的人”展开，介绍了几种方式，选项C“吸引他人的方法”最能概括主旨，适合作为文章的标题。故选C。 ( 主题03 人与自我—健康 )（25-26八年级上·全国·期末）①Young people enjoy different kinds of drinks. What will happen to you if you only drink water? ②Chris Bailey, a popular blogger (博客作者) , tried this out. Here is what he has found. ③First, you lose weight faster. You don’t have to exercise but keep away from drinks for 9 days. It is the same as running for 8 kilometres a day! So write down your resolution on a piece of paper and put it on the wall. And you will see the result soon. ④Sometimes when you have to stay up late for test, a cup of tea or coffee is usually on your desk. But do you know 75 to 85 percent of your brain is water? Just by drinking water, your brain can work efficiently. You may remember things quickly and well. ⑤What’s more, water washes something bad out of your body. So drinking enough water can stop you from getting old quickly. If you want to look young and beautiful, drink a glass of water right now! Keep on doing it for longer, and you will touch your soft and clean skin. ⑥Lastly, you save money! How much do coffee and juice cost? The price of water is much lower. ⑦Drink 5 glasses of water every day or visit doctors? Think about it! 1．According to Chris Bailey, _______ is the best drink. A．tea B．coffee C．juice D．water 2．Which resolution may be written on the paper in paragraph 3? A．Take more exercise. B．Drink more water. C．Use the brain more. D．Save more money. 3．The underlined word “efficiently” means “_______” in English. A．usefully B．quietly C．seriously D．repeatedly 4．What can we learn from the text? A．65 to 75 percent of the brain is water. B．Drinking tea makes you get old quickly. C．Keeping on drinking water makes hair soft and clean. D．Staying away from drinks for 9 days helps lose weight. 5．What’s the structure of the text? (①= paragraph 1, …) A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了博客作者Chris Bailey尝试后发现，只喝水有快速减肥、让大脑高效工作、延缓衰老、省钱等好处，文章以此说明喝水的益处并呼吁人们每天喝足够的水。 1．推理判断题。根据“Chris Bailey, a popular blogger (博客作者) , tried this out. Here is what he has found. First, you lose weight faster... Just by drinking water, your brain can work efficiently... drinking enough water can stop you from getting old quickly... you save money! The price of water is much lower”可知，Chris Bailey通过尝试发现只喝水有减肥更快、让大脑高效工作、延缓衰老、省钱等诸多好处，由此可推断他认为水是最好的饮品。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据“First, you lose weight faster. You don’t have to exercise but keep away from drinks for 9 days. It is the same as running for 8 kilometres a day! So write down your resolution on a piece of paper and put it on the wall”可知，此处是围绕“不喝其他饮品、只喝水能快速减肥”展开，所以写在纸上的决心应该与“多喝水”相关。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据“But do you know 75 to 85 percent of your brain is water? Just by drinking water, your brain can work efficiently. You may remember things quickly and well”可知，喝水后大脑能让你快速且清楚地记住事情，这说明大脑工作状态更好、更有作用，由此可推断“efficiently”与“usefully”意思相近。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“First, you lose weight faster. You don’t have to exercise but keep away from drinks for 9 days. It is the same as running for 8 kilometres a day”可知，远离饮品9天有助于减肥。故选D。 5．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，①提出“只喝水会发生什么”的问题；②指出博客作者Chris Bailey做了相关尝试并会分享发现；③④⑤⑥分别从“快速减肥、大脑高效工作、延缓衰老、省钱”四个方面阐述只喝水的好处；⑦以选择问句总结，呼吁多喝水。所以文章结构是“提出问题—引出实验者及话题—分点阐述好处—总结呼吁”。故选C。 ( 主题04 人与自我—劳动实践 ) Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·江西南昌·期末）Do you sometimes help your parents cook in your free time? Parents usually don’t let their children cook. They think it’s dangerous for children to do it. However, scientists say that it’s good for children to do some easy work in cooking, such as doing the dishes and washing vegetables. Cooking makes children smart. In some cooking activities, children can choose and decide what things to put in a dish or how much salt to put in a dish. That’s a great way to make them think attentively (专心地). At the same time, they can learn how to serve their friends by cooking for themselves. They can also learn to eat healthily. Cooking teaches children to feel how things change. When helping cook in the kitchen, children can touch some different ingredients, and they can also see how food changes by temperature. So it’s good for them to get life experience. Cooking makes children confident (自信的). When children learn to cook, they usually feel that they have grown up, and they can do something for their family members. Children can cook a great dinner to show their love. So cooking is well worth (值得) learning. Cooking teaches children about cultures. Cooking in one culture is quite different from that in another. When cooking different kinds of foods, children can also learn about different cultures. Also, children can learn some traditional food cultures by cooking. 1．How does the writer start writing this passage? A．By asking a question. B．By showing a fact. C．By using an example. D．By listing numbers. 2．Who thinks that cooking is good for children? A．Parents. B．Teachers. C．Doctors. D．Scientists. 3．How many benefits (益处) does cooking have in this passage? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 4．What can we know from the passage? A．Cooking is the best way to make children think attentively. B．Children can grow tall and strong by cooking. C．Cooking is good for children to get life experience. D．Cooking can help children buy food cheaply. 5．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Cooking is a necessary skill for children. B．Cooking is a way to make a living. C．Cooking is a kind of sports. D．Cooking is a way to learn about different cultures. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．C 5．A 【知识点】烹饪、说明文、劳动实践 【导语】本文探讨了让孩子参与烹饪的益处，包括提升智力、培养专注力、增强自信、获得生活经验以及了解不同文化。科学家认为简单的烹饪活动对儿童成长很有帮助。 1．细节理解题。文章开头以“Do you sometimes help your parents cook in your free time?”这一问题开篇，引出后续关于“孩子做饭”的讨论。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“However, scientists say that it’s good for children to do some easy work in cooking,”可知，科学家认为烹饪对孩子有益。故选D。 3．细节理解题。文章通过四个明确的小标题阐述烹饪的益处，分别是：①Cooking makes children smart. ②Cooking teaches children to feel how things change. ③Cooking makes children confident. ④Cooking teaches children about cultures. 故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“So it’s good for them to get life experience.”可知，烹饪有助于孩子获得生活经验。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。本文探讨了让孩子参与烹饪的益处，包括提升智力、培养专注力、增强自信、获得生活经验以及了解不同文化。科学家认为简单的烹饪活动对儿童成长很有帮助，选项A符合主旨。故选A。 Passage 2 （23-24八年级上·广东湛江·期末）Home-made vanilla ice-cream. This is the easiest and quickest way to make vanilla (香草) ice-cream at home. It’s great fun, too! What you need: 1 spoon of sugar   1/2 cup of milk   1/4 spoon of vanilla extract (香草精) 6 spoons of salt 1 small plastic food storage bag (塑料食品储存袋) 1 large plastic food storage bag 50 ice cubes (冰块) What to do: ♦Take the small bag and add the milk, the vanilla extract and the sugar. Seal (封) the bag. ♦Take the large bag and put the ice cubes and the salt in it. The bag should be about half full of ice. ♦Put the small bag inside the large bag, and seal the large bag. ♦Shake the large bag for about five minutes. ♦Open the large bag and take the small bag out. ♦Clean the small bag and open it carefully. ♦Your ice-cream is ready to eat! 1．How much sugar do you need according to the material? A．1/4 spoon. B．1/2 spoon. C．1 spoon. D．6 spoons. 2．What should you put in the small bag? A．The milk, the sugar and the salt. B．The milk, the vanilla extract and the salt. C．The vanilla extract, the sugar and the salt. D．The milk, the vanilla extract and the sugar. 3．To make vanilla ice-cream, you do not need ________ according to the material. A． B． C． D． 4．Which of the following is TRUE? A．You need 1/4 cup of milk. B．The large bag should be full of ice. C．This way to make ice-cream is easy and interesting. D．You should shake the large bag for about 10 minutes. 5．The material may be from a ________. A．menu B．magazine C．dictionary D．storybook 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．C 5．B 【知识点】食物、烹饪、说明文 【导语】本文主要讲述了如何在家制作香草冰淇淋。 1．细节理解题。根据“What you need”中“1 spoon of sugar”可知，制作香草冰淇淋需要1勺糖。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“What to do”中“Take the small bag and add the milk, the vanilla extract and the sugar.”可知，应该把牛奶、香草精和糖放进小袋子里。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据“What you need”列出的材料有：1勺糖、半杯牛奶、1/4勺香草精、6勺盐、1个小塑料食品储存袋、1个大塑料食品储存袋、50块冰块，可推知，此处没有提到选项D对应的物品盘子。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“This is the easiest and quickest way to make vanilla (香草) ice-cream at home. It’s great fun, too!”可知，这种制作冰淇淋的方法简单又有趣。故选C。 5．推理判断题。文章主要介绍了在家制作香草冰淇淋的材料和步骤，属于生活小技巧类内容，所以这篇材料很可能来自一本杂志。故选B。 Passage 2 （22-23八年级下·湖南张家界·期末）Children need to learn how to do chores and help their parents with housework. Busykid is an app (应用程序) that makes doing chores for children easier. Parents set (设定) the chores and the money. When kids finish the chores, they click “I did it!”. Then on Friday kids can get the money for doing the chores. Burton is a student and he likes the app, “I can get money, then I can divide it up into three parts: save, share, and spend,” he said. “It teaches me how to make money and use it in the real world.” Many students spend too much time watching TV or playing computer games after school. They may wonder, “______” Nancy uses the app with her children. She said, “I get that question often. I just tell them that’s the way your parents raise you and we want to teach you responsibility (责任).” Margie Zitko couldn’t agree more. “Children should have chores at home,” she said. “We shouldn’t do everything for our kids. We have to help them learn about real life. Home is where kids learn.” Zitko advised that children start doing chores at a young age. The earlier kids learn to be independent, the better it is for their future. She also said the best way to help kids do chores at first is to work with them. 1．Which of the following is TRUE about Busykid? A．It helps children with chores. B．Students can watch TV with it. C．Students can only use it on Friday. 2．How many parts can Burton divide the money? A．Five. B．Four. C．Three. 3．Which of the following is best for “________” in Paragraph 3? A．What do I need to learn? B．Why do I have to do chores? C．How much money can I make? 4．Why does Nancy ask her children to do chores? A．To teach them responsibility. B．To finish the chores quickly. C．To stop them from watching TV. 5．What can we learn from Margie Zitko’s words? A．Children can learn a lot from doing chores. B．Parents should let children do chores alone. C．Parents should stop children from playing games. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．A 【知识点】家庭生活、说明文、劳动实践 【导语】本文主要介绍了Busykid可以帮助孩子们更容易做家务以及做家务带来的好处。 1．细节理解题。根据“Busykid is an app (应用程序) that makes doing chores for children easier”可知Busykid是一款让孩子做家务变得更容易的应用程序，即Busykid帮助孩子做家务。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“I can divide it up into three parts: save, share, and spend”可知Burton把钱分成三部分。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“I just tell them that’s the way your parents raise you and we want to teach you responsibility (责任).”解释了做家务的原因，由此推知孩子们想知道他们为什么要做家务；选项B“为什么我要做家务？”符合语境。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Nancy uses the app with her children. She said, ‘I get that question often. I just tell them that’s the way your parents raise you and we want to teach you responsibility (责任).’ ”可知Nancy想教会她的孩子们责任感。故选A。 5．推理判断题。根据“We have to help them learn about real life. Home is where kids learn.”可知我们必须帮助他们了解真实的生活。家是孩子学习的地方；由此推知孩子们可以从做家务中学到很多东西。故选A。 Passage 3 (24-25八年级上·湖北孝感·期末）Billy always loved blueberries. Today he was going to make juice with his uncle. His uncle liked to make juice out of everything. He made carrot juice, apple juice, vegetable juice, and many more kinds of juices. He’d never made blueberry juice before. First, Billy and his uncle went to a blueberry farm. They picked for an hour and got some blueberries. It was hard work picking the little berries from the trees. Now Billy understood why they are expensive in stores. Next, they had to wash the fruit and dry it. After that, they put the berries into the blender and then turned on the blender. When the blueberries turned into dark purple juice, they turned off the blender and poured the juice into a pot. When they tasted the juice, they could really taste the blueberries. But it wasn’t very sweet. They added grape juice to the blueberry juice. Billy’s uncle didn’t want to add white sugar from a bag to the berries. It was better to use a naturally sweet juice, like apple juice, pear juice, or grape juice. They used grape juice, because the grapes had a similar color to the blueberries. Finally, they could drink it. It was a lot of work to make the juice, but it tasted so nice! 1．Before making juice with Billy, Billy’s uncle had made ________. ①vegetable juice  ②apple juice  ③blueberry juice  ④carrot juice A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④ 2．According to the passage, blueberries are so expensive in the store because ________. A．they are fresher and delicious in the store B．it’s difficult for people to pick them from trees C．the workers are expensive in the store D．there aren’t many blueberry trees on the farm 3．Which of the following has a similar color to the blueberry juice? A．Grape juice. B．White sugar. C．Orange juice. D．Pear juice. 4．Which is the right structure (结构) of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1②=Paragraph2,... ) A． B． C． D． 5．What would be the best title for the passage? A．Making Blueberry Juice B．Picking Blueberries C．Bill and His Uncle D．How to Use the Blender 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．A 【知识点】烹饪、记叙文、饮料 【导语】本文讲述了Billy和叔叔一起制作蓝莓汁的过程及乐趣。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“He made carrot juice, apple juice, vegetable juice, and many more kinds of juices.”可知，Billy的叔叔以前做过蔬菜汁、苹果汁和胡萝卜汁。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“It was hard work picking the little berries from the trees. Now Billy understood why they are expensive in stores.”可知，浆果很难从树上摘下来，所以商店里卖的蓝莓很贵。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“They used grape juice, because the grapes had a similar color to the blueberries.”可知，葡萄汁的颜色和蓝莓汁相似。故选A。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段是总述，介绍了Billy和他的叔叔要制作果汁；第二、三、四、五段讲述了制作蓝莓汁的过程。选项C的结构图与之符合。故选C。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了Billy和叔叔一起制作蓝莓汁的故事。故选A。 ( 主题05 人与自然—动植物 ) Passage 1 （25-26八年级上·全国·期末）Are dolphins brainy (聪明的)? The answer must be yes! They can learn from other animals, play games, learn symbols and do much more. Humans have studied dolphins for many years to learn how their brains work. For example, people have seen dolphins use conch shells (海螺壳) to catch fish. It tells us that dolphins are good at using tools. In one study, scientists at a research center showed dolphins two boards, each with a different number of points. They taught the dolphins to pick out which board had fewer points. Then they showed the dolphins other sets of boards and asked them to point to the ones with the fewest points—this time with no help. The dolphins were able to do it, showing that they can understand some basic knowledge about numbers! So dolphins are clearly clever. But are they “The Smartest Animal of All Time”? That’s hard to say. Animals show cleverness in many ways. Some have great memories (记忆力). Take an elephant as an example. It can make out an elephant it met many years ago and say “hello”. Others are super problem-solvers, like octopuses (章鱼), who can work out how to open a can with a cover to get a treat inside. Monkeys can be fast learners, some birds have amazing senses of direction, and so on. All these kinds of cleverness are important, making it difficult to tell which animal is much smarter. At last, each animal is good at finding ways to live in the changeable environment. And this means one thing for sure: dolphins are the smartest of all in being dolphins! 1．Why does the writer start the text by asking a question? A．To make a report. B．To do a survey. C．To tell a funny story. D．To catch readers’ interest. 2．How do we know dolphins are clearly clever in Paragraph 3? A．Dolphins can use tools. B．Dolphins can compare numbers. C．Dolphins can catch different boards. D．Dolphins can play games with people. 3．Which of the following would be the writer most probably agree with? A．It’s hard to find clever animals in nature. B．Octopuses’ ability is not really important. C．Dolphins are the smartest animals on earth. D．Each animal has its own ability to fit the environment. 4．In which unit of a textbook can the text be found? A．Unit 1 Travelling around B．Unit 2 Sports and Fitness C．Unit 3 The World of animals D．Unit 4 Science and Technology 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了海豚的智慧表现，并探讨了不同动物在智力方面的独特能力。 1．推理判断题。根据文章开头“Are dolphins brainy (聪明的)? The answer must be yes!”可知，通过提问引起读者兴趣，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“They taught the dolphins to pick out which board had fewer points. Then they showed the dolphins other sets of boards and asked them to point to the ones with the fewest points—this time with no help. The dolphins were able to do it, showing that they can understand some basic knowledge about numbers!”可知，海豚能够比较数字，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“At last, each animal is good at finding ways to live in the changeable environment.”可知，每一种动物都善于找到适应多变环境的生存方式，故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据全文讨论动物智力表现的内容，最可能出现在“动物世界”单元，故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级上·山东聊城·期末）Once there were many thousands of Gourma Desert (沙漠) elephants in Mali, a country in West Africa. Now there are fewer than four hundred. Why did the number of the elephants drop so quickly? On the one hand, the elephants’ main lake, their only water source (来源) dried up. On the other hand, the land which the elephants lived on was overused by humans. To protect the elephants’ living environment, the Mali Elephant Project (MEP) was started in 2007. MEP met with local people and helped them make rules of using land and water. As a result, the situation became better and there was more food, forest and grassland. However, from 2012 to 2016, poaching and illegal (非法的) trade in the elephants increased rapidly. Eighty-three elephants were lost in 2015 alone, and another fifty-one elephants were killed in 2016. “If this situation goes on, all the Gourma elephants will be killed by 2025.” said a member of MEP. Luckily, the voice of MEP was heard. More organizations have joined together to educate the local people that trading elephants is against the law. Elephant poaching has dropped to a very low level. The local people have learned to live peacefully with the elephants, one of the wildlife treasures in the world. 1．How many reasons are mentioned for the drop in the number of the elephants? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 2．Why was MEP started? A．To stop the main lake from drying up. B．To make rules of using land and water. C．To protect the elephants’ living environment. D．To stop humans from overusing the land which the elephants lived on. 3．What does the underlined word “poaching” mean in Chinese? A．繁殖 B．偷猎 C．保护 D．喂养 4．What can we infer (推断)from paragraph 4? A．Trading elephants is allowed. B．The number of elephants has increased. C．There was little elephant poaching from 2012 to 2016. D．The situation will be worse unless humans stop killing elephants. 5．What’s the passage mainly about? A．The education of the local people. B．The work of Mali Elephant project. C．The situation of Gourma Desert elephants. D．The reason why the number of the elephants dropped. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．C 【知识点】人与动植物、说明文、濒危生物 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了古尔玛沙漠大象快速减少的原因以及人们采取的保护措施。 1．细节理解题。根据“On the one hand, the elephants’ main lake, their only water source (来源) dried up. On the other hand, the land which the elephants lived on was overused by humans.”和“However, from 2012 to 2016, poaching and illegal (非法的)trade in the elephants increased rapidly.”可知，大象减少的原因有三个，水源干涸、土地被人类过度使用和非法偷猎交易。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“To protect the elephants’ living environment, the Mali Elephant Project (MEP) was started in 2007.”可知，MEP成立的目的是为了保护大象的生存环境。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据“However, from 2012 to 2016, poaching and illegal (非法的) trade in the elephants increased rapidly.”和“Eighty-three elephants were lost in 2015 alone, and another fifty-one elephants were killed in 2016”可知，poaching和“非法的”是并列关系，且导致了大象的减少，因此推测poaching意为“偷猎”。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“However, from 2012 to 2016, poaching and illegal (非法的)trade in the elephants increased rapidly. Eighty-three elephants were lost in 2015 alone, and another fifty-one elephants were killed in 2016. ‘If this situation goes on, all the Gourma elephants will be killed by 2025.’ said a member of MEP.”可知，如果人们继续偷猎古尔玛沙漠的大象，这些大象将于2025年灭绝。除非人们停止猎杀大象，否则情况会更糟糕。故选D。 5．主旨大意题。这篇文章主要讲述古尔玛沙漠大象的现状以及人们为了拯救大象而采取的保护措施等等。因此，这篇文章主要是关于古尔玛沙漠象的情况。故选C。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级上·河南南阳·期末）Long ago, when the God first planted a tree in the garden, it was full of energy and kept moving. Then the God pulled the tree out and planted it upside down to make sure it stays in one place. What’s the tree? It’s the Baobab tree, also called monkey bread tree, bottle tree or others. The Baobab tree is a strange looking tree that grows in Africa and Australia. Just like its name “Bottle Tree”, it looks like a large bottle. Some grow as tall as a 16-floor building. During the dry season, these trees are standing there without leaves, and look like trunks (树干) sticking up in the air. But when the rainy season comes, leaves appear and then flowers come out. Later, the flowers can turn into fruit. Baobab is called “the tree of life”, because they can live longer than 1000 years old. In the dry land, the baobab can pull in and hold 1,000 gallons of water. Thirsty people can drink the water stored in the tree. The fruit, monkey bread, is good to eat. Baobab leaves are a kind of medicine. People can use the bark (树皮) to make paper or cloth. When a baobab gets old, its trunk becomes hollow. An old tree can hold many people. The local people often build their houses inside these trunks. It is such a useful tree; some people could hardly live without it. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．How does the writer begin the text? A．By asking a question. B．By showing a story. C．By singing a song. D．By giving an example. 2．Which of the following pictures is the baobab in the dry season? A． B． C． D． 3．Which word is close to the meaning of the underlined word “hollow” in Paragraph 3? A．dirty B．modern C．empty D．useful 4．The following sentences are right except ________. A．Baobab has many names B．Flowers come out in rainy seasons C．The oldest baobab is less than 1,000 years old D．The leaves of baobab are good medicine 5．What’s the best title of the passage? A．God and Baobab B．What Does Baobab Like in a Year C．Baobab’s Trunk, Leaves and Fruit D．A Special Tree-Baobab 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文向我们介绍了一种很有特点的树——猴面包树。 1．细节理解题。根据“Long ago, when the God first planted a tree in the garden…bottle tree or others.”可知作者是通过讲故事的方式开始这篇文章的，故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“Just like its name ‘Bottle  Tree’, it looks like a large bottle. Some grow as tall as a 16-floor  building. During the dry season, these trees are standing there without  leaves, and look like trunks sticking up in the air.”可知猴面包树长得像一个大瓶子，在旱季，它们没有叶子，看起来好像树干耸立在空中，所以推断选项A为猴面包树，故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“An old tree can hold many people. The local people often build their houses inside these trunks.”并结合备选项可猜测应是老树树干会中空，所以本地的人常常把他们的家搬到年老的树干里，故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“Baobab is called ‘the tree of life’, because they can live longer than 1,000 years old.”可知猴面包树被称为“生命之树”，因为它们能活1000多年，故选C。 5．最佳标题题。根据“Long ago, when the God first planted a tree in the garden, it was full of energy and kept moving.”和“It is such a useful tree; some people could hardly live without it.”及全文可知文章介绍了猴面包树，故选D。 ( 主题06 人与自我—爱好 ) （24-25八年级上·四川巴中·期末）Everyone has their own preferences—things they like or enjoy. These can be very different from one person to another. Learning about and respecting (尊重) each other’s preferences helps us make better choices and enjoy life more. For example, food preferences could not be the same. Some people like vegetables, while others love meat more. Respecting these differences is important so that everyone can enjoy the meals together. People also have different preferences for activities. Some love sports, but others prefer reading. Outdoor activities like hiking or cycling are fun for some, while others like staying indoors to watch movies or play games. It’s great to find activities everyone can enjoy, but it’s also fine to do what you love on your own. After all, hobbies and interests are personal. How people spend free time can also be different. Some like listening to music to relax, while others enjoy hanging out with friends. There’s no right way to spend your time—it’s about what makes you happy. Trying new things is good, but doing what you love is the most important. Talking about what we like and respecting others’ choices helps us get along better. Whether it’s food, activities, or something else, accepting different preferences makes life more enjoyable for everyone. 1．What are preferences according to the passage? A．Things we dislike. B．Things we like or enjoy. C．Things we have to do. D．Things we are good at. 2．What does the passage say about people’s preferences? A．Preferences are always the same. B．Preferences are meaningless. C．Preferences are not personal. D．Preferences can be different. 3．What should we do if someone likes sweet food but others don’t? A．Let everyone eat sweet food together. B．Accept their different tastes. C．Argue with them loudly. D．Refuse to eat sweet food. 4．According to the passage, why is it fine to do activities on your own? A．Because everyone could have their own interests. B．Because doing things alone is always better. C．Because people will never agree on activities. D．Because group activities are usually not fun. 5．What can we learn from the passage? A．People should always try new things. B．People should only do something they like. C．Respecting preferences helps us enjoy life more. D．Preferences are not important in our life. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了每个人都有自己的喜好，这些喜好因人而异，并且介绍了尊重彼此的喜好如何能帮助我们做出更好的选择，更加享受生活。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段首句“Everyone has their own preferences—things they like or enjoy.”可知，每个人都有自己的喜好，即他们喜欢或享受的事物。因此，根据文章，喜好指的是我们喜欢或享受的事物。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“These can be very different from one person to another.”可知，这些喜好可能因人而异，即人们的喜好可以是不同的。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Some people like vegetables, while others love meat more. Respecting these differences is important so that everyone can enjoy the meals together.”可知，有些人喜欢蔬菜，而有些人更喜欢肉，尊重这些差异很重要，这样每个人都能一起享受用餐时光。由此可推断，如果有人喜欢甜食而其他人不喜欢，我们应该接受他们不同的口味。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“It’s great to find activities everyone can enjoy, but it’s also fine to do what you love on your own. After all, hobbies and interests are personal.”可知，找到大家都能享受的活动很好，但独自做自己喜欢的事情也很好，毕竟，爱好和兴趣是个人化的。因此，独自做活动是可以的，因为每个人都有自己的兴趣。故选A。 5．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Learning about and respecting (尊重) each other’s preferences helps us make better choices and enjoy life more.”以及全文内容可知，了解并尊重彼此的喜好有助于我们做出更好的选择，更加享受生活，并且文章通过举例说明了尊重不同喜好的重要性。因此，我们可以从文章中学到尊重喜好有助于我们更加享受生活。故选C。 ( 主题06 人与自然—环境 ) Passage 1 （25-26八年级上·全国·期末）The sun is slow to appear when Russia’s spring starts in March. There is still snow and the weather is cold. It doesn’t get warm until May 1st. Although it is known as Labour Day around the world, May 1st is also called A Day of Spring and Labour in Russia. If you visit Russia in March and April, you can expect lower hotel prices and the chance to enjoy events like International Working Women’s Day. And May offers clearer skies and streets with fewer people, making it one of the best times to explore Russia. Summer in Russia lasts from June to August and attracts the most tourists due to the warm weather. The beautiful gardens come to life and there are lots of cultural festivals. In Moscow, temperatures often rise to 30℃. Sometimes it can be chilly because of the sudden rain. During these months, you can follow the Russians who travel south to enjoy the beautiful Black Sea and Altai Mountains. Autumn is a short but beautiful season. After a grey (阴沉的) end to August, the sun often shines throughout September and even into October. This lovely weather is called Indian summer. The forests show beautiful colours, making the whole country look amazing. The warm weather is also good for outdoor activities. Also, if you want to enjoy famous ballet (芭蕾舞) performances, this is a good time to visit. Winter in Russia is not as cold as you might think. Outside of Siberia or the Arctic Circle, temperatures usually stay around -7℃ in January, the coldest month. The beautiful snow is perfect for all kinds of winter sports. Russian New Year celebrations last for two weeks, filled with music, dancing, and feasts (盛宴), making early January a lively time to visit. So, when is the best time to visit Russia? That’s for you to decide! 1．Russians welcome spring on ________. A．International Working Women’s Day B．New Year’s Day C．National Day D．Labour Day 2．What does the underlined word “chilly” mean? A．Wet. B．Exciting. C．Cold. D．Unpleasant. 3．What can we learn about Indian summer? A．It only happens in India. B．It usually happens in autumn. C．The sky is always grey when it happens. D．It means the hottest period of the year. 4．Which of the following is TRUE about Russia? A．January is the coldest month in Russia. B．It has more visitors in autumn than in summer. C．Summer lasts longer than spring in Russia. D．It’s not a good idea to visit Russia in January. 5．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．A travel guide for the Russians. B．Four seasons in Russia and some tips for visitors. C．The relationship between the weather and tourism in Russia. D．Some unusual weather events in Russian history. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了俄罗斯一年四季的情况，以及给游客的一些建议。 1．细节理解题。根据“Although it is known as Labour Day around the world, May 1st is also called A Day of Spring and Labour in Russia.”可知，俄罗斯人在庆祝劳动节时也欢迎春天。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“In Moscow…it can be chilly because of the sudden rain.”可知，此处表示有时由于突然的降雨，天气变得寒冷，由此可推知，chilly意为“寒冷的”，与cold含义相近。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Autumn is a short but beautiful season…This lovely weather is called Indian summer.”可知，“Indian summer”是通常发生在秋天的一种天气现象。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Outside of…stay around -7℃ in January, the coldest month.”可知，一月是俄罗斯最寒冷的月份。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了俄罗斯一年四季的情况，以及给游客的一些建议。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级上·山东聊城·期末）Xiamen is in the southeast of China, with over 5 million people living in the city. It has hot summers and short cool winters. Most people think it is enjoyable to live here. Xiamen has a long history and rich culture and its economy (经济) is growing quickly now. There are many places of interest in Xiamen. One of them is Gulangyu. The island is separated (被分离) from Xiamen by the 600-meter-wide Lujiang River, like a garden on the water. People can go there only by ship, and cars and buses cannot run on the island. Famous for its natural beauty, Gulangyu became one of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites (世界文化遗址) on July 8th, 2017. What’s more, many visitors from all over the world would like to visit Gulangyu to enjoy its special buildings. Xiamen is also known for its beautiful beaches. The Baicheng Beach is very popular, and there are a lot of visitors enjoying the blue sea and the sun here every day. It’s a wonderful place to relax at the end of the day. If visitors don’t have time to go in the late afternoon for sunset, the morning is lovely too. There are also many water activities for visitors, such as swimming and surfing. They can also go for a bike ride along the beach to enjoy the sea. So why not take a trip to enjoy the beauty of Xiamen next time? You can run away from the busy life for a short time and relax. At the same time, it’s a good place for you to know about different cultures in China. 1．Which of the following information is NOT mentioned in in Paragraph 1? A．Where Xiamen is. B．The weather in Xiamen. C．The population of Xiamen. D．The famous people in Xiamen. 2．How can people go to Gulangyu? A．By bus. B．By ship. C．By car. D．By plane. 3．Gulangyu is so popular with visitors because ________. A．visitors can have a bus tour on the island B．it is the only garden on the water in the city C．it has the natural beauty and special buildings D．it is a good place for visitors to go fishing by ship 4．Which of the following about the Baicheng Beach is TRUE? A．The old buildings there are so beautiful. B．It was exciting to play in many water activities. C．Many people there enjoy watching animals. D．Visitors are surprised at the long history of the beach. 5．The writer writes the passage to ________. A．advise more people to visit Xiamen B．tell people the importance of Xiamen C．tell visitors about the history of Xiamen D．talk about the famous beaches in Xiamen 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国东南沿海城市厦门的地理位置、人口、气候、经济、文化和旅游景点等。 1．细节理解题。根据“Xiamen is in the southeast of China, with over 5 million people living in the city. It has hot summers and short cool winters. Most people think it is enjoyable to live here. Xiamen has a long history and rich culture and its economy is growing quickly now.”可知，介绍了厦门的地理位置、人口、天气。没有提及厦门的名人。故选 D。 2．细节理解题。根据“People can go there only by ship, and cars and buses cannot run on the island.” 可知，人们可以坐船去鼓浪屿。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Famous for its natural beauty, Gulangyu became one of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites on July 8th.2017. What’s more, many visitors from all over the world would like to visit Gulangyu to enjoy its special buildings.”可知，鼓浪屿之所以如此受游客欢迎，是因为它有自然美景和特殊的建筑，故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“There are also many water activities for visitors, such as swimming and surfing.” 可知，游客还可以参加许多水上活动，这与B选项 “参加许多水上活动令人兴奋” 描述相符，故选B。 5．主旨大意题。根据“So why not take a trip to enjoy the beauty of Xiamen next time? You can run away from the busy life for a short time and relax. At the same time, it’s a good place for you to know about different cultures in China.”以及通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了中国东南沿海城市厦门，强调了其宜人的气候、丰富的历史文化、快速发展的经济以及著名的旅游景点如鼓浪屿和白城海滩。因此作者写这篇文章的目的是为了建议更多的人去厦门旅游，故选A。 41 / 41 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $