2026届高考英语一轮复习阅读理解之推理判断解题策略课件

阅读理解 技巧突破 WHY HOW WHAT 2025.11.29 黄梅二中 郭倩倩 2022-2024英语新高考I卷考点细目对比分析 3、新方法类新方法类说明文 首先，介绍新方法——细节理解 接着，分析产生原因——细节理解 接着，介绍原理——细节理解 接着，分析优缺点——细节理解 最后，评价、前景——观点态度/细节理解 2、社会现象类社会现象类说明文语篇结构： 首先，提出现象——写作目的 接着，分析原因——细节理解 接着，说明造成影响——细节理解 最后，提出解决问题的措施、建议、看法——细节理解 1、研究报告类研究报告说明文语篇结构： 首先，研究结果及意义——主旨大意/最佳标题 接着，研究过程及方法——细节理解/推断 接着，对结论进一步阐述——细节理解/推断/说明方法 最后，专家评议（局限或前景）——细节理解/推断情感态度 2022-2024 全国新高考Ⅰ卷阅读设题类型一览表 考查题型 年份 2022 2023 2024 细节理解 6 7 7 推理判断 6 5 6 主旨大意 2 1 1 词义猜测 1 1 1 观点态度 0 1 0 推理判断 题型分析 题型1 隐含推断题 周密逻辑分析推断隐含意义 题型2 意图推断题 依据文体特点推断写作意图 题型3 观点态度题 利用语境的褒贬性进行信息推断 题型4 文章出处题 根据文章体裁和内容推断文章出处 TASK：Matching 题型识别 What is the purpose of writing this article? Why does the author discuss/mention...in paragraph...? What does the author want to say by mentioning..? 推断观点态度 推断文章出处 推断隐含意义 推断写作意图 ·Which of the following words best describe...? ·What is the author's opinion on...? ·How does the author feel about...? ·Where can you find the text? ·Where would thispassage most probably appear? ·In which column of a website can you find the text? ·What can be inferred from the last paragraph? ·What can we learn about ...? Key Competence：Analyzing Sentence pattern effectively 必备技能突破——长难句分析 句型1 主语＋谓语(S V) 句型2 主语＋谓语＋状语(S V Ad) 句型3 主语＋系动词＋表语(S V P) 句型4 主语＋谓语＋宾语(S V O) 句型5 主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语(S V O Ad) 句型6 主语＋谓语＋间宾＋直宾(S V IO DO) 句子=主干 + 修饰语 （修饰语） After chatting with Laura on this matter for two hours from 2:00 to 4:00 in the afternoon, I returned to my office. 主干：I returned More practice 长难句分析 He is Zhong Nanshan, an extremely excellent doctor graduating from Beijing Medical University, whose hometown is Xiamen, Fujian, leading the fights against SARS in 2003 and COVID-19 pandemic. 长难句分析 主干： ? More practice He is Zhong Nanshan, an extremely excellent doctor graduating from Beijing Medical University, whose hometown is Xiamen, Fujian, leading the fights against SARS in 2003 and COVID-19 pandemic. 长难句分析 主干： He is Zhong Nanshan 他就是钟南山，毕业于北京医科大学的一名非常优秀的医生，他的家乡是福建厦门，他领导了2003年抗击SARS和COVID-19大流行的斗争。 More practice Cai Guoqiang, a contemporary Chinese artist born in Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 58 (know) for his innovative approach to art, particularly for his use of gunpowder in creating explosive artworks that challenge traditional 59 (boundary). 主干： ? More practice 长难句分析(12.09周考语法填空） Cai Guoqiang, a contemporary Chinese artist born in Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 58 is known (know) for his innovative approach to art, particularly for his use of gunpowder in creating explosive artworks that challenge traditional 59 boundaries (boundary). 主干：Cai Guoqiang is known (know) More practice 长难句分析 推断隐含意义 推断文章出处 推断观点态度 推断写作意图 【真题示例】(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·D篇节选) 　　In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion.Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates? Did they follow those least willing to change their minds? This happened some of the time, but it wasn’t the dominant response.Most frequently, the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together.” Somehow, these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error. 　　Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain, the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous. 35.What is the author’s attitude toward Navajas’ studies? A.Unclear. B.Dismissive. C.Doubtful. D.Approving. Take a Note! 文章作者或文中人物对某事物所持的情感、观点或态度往往隐含在文章的字里行间或流露于修饰词之中 推断隐含意义 推断文章出处 推断观点态度 推断写作意图 【示例】(2024·12月金太阳联考D篇节选) 　　More than 24, 600 seamounts have been previously mapped. One common way of finding these hidden mountains is to send sound waves to the seafloor with sonar. But that's an expensive and time-intensive process that requires a ship."Only about 20 percent of the ocean has been mapped that way. There are a lot of gaps, " says a scientist, Julie Gevorgian.(para.3) So,Gevorgian, Sandwell and their colleagues turned to satellite observations, which provide global coverage of the world's occans, to survey seamounts.(略)(para.4) 33. What is Gevorgian's attitude to using sonar to find the hidden mountains? A. Confused. B.Contradictory. C. Unsatisfied. D. Uncaring. 【解答思路】 Step1: Mark the key words Step2: Locate related sentence in the text Take a Note! 文章作者或文中人物对某事物所持的情感、观点或态度往往隐含在文章的字里行间或流露于修饰词之中 推断隐含意义 推断文章出处 推断观点态度 推断写作意图 【真题示例】(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷·C篇节选) Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object — the book, represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world. The image of the reader appears throughout history, in art made long before books as we now know them came into being. In artists’ representations of books and reading, we see moments of shared humanity that go beyond culture and time.(para.1) In this “book of books,” artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and poses —absorbed in a volume, deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure. These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments we can all relate to.(para.2) 28.Where is the text most probably taken from? A.An introduction to a book. B.An essay on the art of writing. C.A guidebook to a museum. D.A review of modern paintings. Take a Note! 推断文章出处或类别要从文章内容、语言特色和标志信息着手; 确定读者对象要根据文章主题和文章措辞来判断。 推断隐含意义 推断文章出处 推断观点态度 推断写作意图 【示例】(2024·12月金太阳联考A篇)(para.1-3) The local literary festivals take place in the UK in September and October. Here are some relevant festivals for you. North Cornwall Book Festival The seaside town of St. Endellion plays host to a weekend of words featuring speakers including a historian and an author. Notably, a broadcaster from a British radio will discuss his personal journey through a specific region;a journalist will talk about the global impact of a historical phenomenon; a writer will lead a practical workshop. Time: September 27-29 Website：ncornbookfest.org Cheltenham Literature Festival Billed as the world's longest-running literary festival, the 10-day event comprises some 500 talks, workshops, interviews and debates. The event takes place across the city, from barbershops to Cheltenham's halls. You can expect a cast of authors, explorers and some birthday surprises. 050 Time:October 4-13 Website: cheltenhamfestivals. com 23.Where can the text most probably be found? A. In a political textbook. B.In a cultural magazine. C. In a historical document. D. In an entertainment newspaper. Take a Note! 推断文章出处或类别要从文章内容、语言特色和标志信息着手; 确定读者对象要根据文章主题和文章措辞来判断。 推断隐含意义 推断文章出处 推断观点态度 推断写作意图 【示例】(2024·12月金太阳联考A篇)(para4-5) Cliveden Literary Festival What a celebrity has called “the most dignified and beautiful literary festival on the planet”is held in Berkshire's 17th-century Cliveden House, now a hotel. Cliveden has a heavyweight heritage as a literary salon that hosted the likes of two famous poets. The programme encourages “lively discussion, eye-opening ideas and political debate” and features past speakers including a novelist, a broadcaster and a poet. Time: September 21-22 Website:clivedenliterary festival. org Brontë Festival of Women's Writing Immerse yourself in the Yorkshire landscapes that inspired the Brontë sisters at this festival of contemporary female writing held in their former Haworth home, now a museum.The focus this year is on younger readers, linked to the museum's 2024 exhibition, TheBrontës'Web of Childhood, with a well-known British author organizing a programme aimed at encouraging writing for children and young adults. Time: September 20-22 Website:bronte.org uk 23.Where can the text most probably be found? A. In a political textbook. B. In a cultural magazine. C. In a historical document. D. In an entertainment newspaper. Take a Note! 推断文章出处或类别要从文章内容、语言特色和标志信息着手; 确定读者对象要根据文章主题和文章措辞来判断。 Key Competence：你真的会记单词吗？ 必备技能突破——记单词 1.employ 的一个意思是雇佣，另一个呢? 2.adopt & adapt 一秒内说出区别 3.expose 的名词形式是什么? 4.regular 的反义词是什么? 5.请给下列单词进行动词变形(过去式和过去分词): lie(说谎) lie(躺下) lay(放置) 6.三秒内精准说出以下单词的意思: tough through thorough rough though although 推断隐含意义 推断文章出处 推断观点态度 推断写作意图 【真题示例】(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷·C篇节选) 　　Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the printed page outdated. From a 21st-century point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader. To serve its function, a book must be activated by a user: the cover opened, the pages parted, the contents reviewed, perhaps notes written down or words underlined. And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “off-line” activity.(last para.) 31.What does the author want to say by mentioning the e-reader? A.The printed book is not totally out of date. B.Technology has changed the way we read. C.Our lives in the 21st century are networked. D.People now rarely have the patience to read. Take a Note! 抓住特定信息进行逆向或正向推理判断; 整合全文(段)信息进行推测。 推断隐含意义 推断文章出处 推断观点态度 推断写作意图 【示例1】(12.9周考卷·B篇节选) Through all the novels by Robert, he impressively brings to life the sights and sounds of daily Chinese life in the past. His passionate devotion and respect for the Chinese culture was never discounted, yet he also appreciated the purpose of fiction.(last para.) 27. Which of the following can best describe Robert’s translations? A. Vivid and faithful. B. Dramatic and realistic. C. Accurate and humorous. D. Imaginary and accessible. Take a Note! 抓住特定信息进行逆向或正向推理判断; 整合全文(段)信息进行推测。 推断隐含意义 推断文章出处 推断观点态度 推断写作意图 【示例2】(12.9周考卷·C篇节选) Thus, it’s functional distance more than physical distance that is decisive. Proximity promotes friendship because it brings people together. Actually, in later studies involving more diverse populations, the largest effects of proximity on friendship formation have been found between people of different races, ages, or social classes. 31. Why did researchers carry out later studies? A. Previous study results are contradictory. B. Previous study methods lack scientific support. C. The sample in the previous study is not representative. D. The data in the previous study are not up-to-date enough. 推断隐含意义 推断文章出处 推断观点态度 推断写作意图 【示例3】(12.9周考卷·D篇节选) “As we grow older, we're conditioned to believe that play is childish and a waste of time,” said Forbes. “This social script about play leads to it being excluded from higher education. A more interactive learning approach leads to a deeper and more rigorous (严谨的) connection to the material.”(para.4) 33. What can we learn from the underlined sentence in paragraph 4? A. It's the “same old song” that keeps play out. B. Universities tend to “follow suit” and embrace play. C. Educators “strike while the iron is hot” to introduce play. D. Higher education “swims against the tide” by rejecting play. script n. 剧本；手写体；脚本 推断隐含意义 推断文章出处 推断观点态度 推断写作意图 【真题示例】(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·B篇节选) Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs.He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington.He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.(para.5) “Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does.“Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says.“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening.Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”(para.6) 26.What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou? A.To review John’s research plans. B.To show an application of John’s idea. C.To compare John’s different jobs. D.To erase doubts about John’s invention. Take a Note! 利用文体特点突破意图推断； 例子的作用：解释说明 推断隐含意义 推断文章出处 推断观点态度 推断写作意图 【示例】(2024·12月金太阳联考D篇) However, it's possible that some seamounts can cause a risk to sailors when they're shallow enough to fall within the depth range of submarines （潜水艇）. In 2021, a nuclear submarine ran into an uncharted seamount. Continued scientific research is essential to prevent similar incidents in the future. 35.Why is a nuclear submarine mentioned in the last paragraph? A. To honour the sailors. B. To emphasize its value in the future. C To highlight the significance of the research. D. To show the exact depth of uncharted seamount. Thanks! $