Unit 6 Plan for Yourself 核心知识点精讲精练 2(Grammar)英语人教版2024八年级上册

本讲义聚焦初中英语一般将来时“be going to+动词原形”结构（含意义、时间状语、句式及表意功能）和不定式作宾语（含构成、语法功能、省to情况及it作形式宾语），通过梳理两者语法规则及应用联系，搭建系统学习支架。 该资料以分层练习为特色，随学随练即时巩固语法应用（如单项填空、用所给词填空），基础与提升练习涵盖语篇填空、阅读理解等多样题型，助力学生提升语言能力（语法理解与表达），培养思维品质（分析句式差异），强化学习能力（自主练习与查漏补缺），课中辅助教师系统授课，课后帮助学生巩固知识、弥补盲点。

Unit 6 Plan for Yourself 核心知识点精讲精练 2 (Grammar) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Grammar 部分精讲本单元的重点语法，讲解部分配有随学随练。 · Grammar 部分还设置了单元语法基础练习和单元语法提升练习，有单项填空、翻译句子、语篇填空、补全对话、完形填空、阅读理解等丰富多样的习题帮助学生更好地学习并掌握单元语法知识。 1、 单元语法解析 一般将来时 1. 一般将来时的意义 (1) 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，或将来某一段时间内经常发生的动作或存在的状态。 (2) 常用一般将来时的时间状语： · tomorrow明天, the day after tomorrow后天 · next +时间：next week下周；next Tuesday 下周二 · in +时间段/将来的时间：in two days 两天后；in 2035 在2035年 · soon 不久以后 · in the future 将来 · the coming weekend即将到来的周末 · around the corner即将到来 2. 一般将来时的谓语动词结构—“be going to+动词原形”结构 一般将来时的谓语动词结构主要有两种：“be going to+动词原形”和“will+动词原形”。 本单元主要学习“be going to+动词原形”结构。其主要表意功能有： · 用于表示打算、计划要做的事。 I am going to visit the science museum next Sunday. 我计划下周日去参观科学博物馆。 · 用于表示有迹象要发生的事。 Look at the dark clouds. It is going to rain. 看看那些乌云。快要下雨了。 3. “be going to+动词原形”结构各种句式 (1) 陈述句肯定式：主语+is/am/are going to+动词原形+其他 陈述句否定式：主语+is/am/are going to+not+动词原形+其他 注意： be动词根据主语选择使用am,is或are。 is not可缩略为isn’t；are not可缩略为aren’t。 如：They are going to have a picnic. 他们打算去野餐。 He won’t come with you. 他将不会和你一起来。 (2) 一般疑问句：Is/Are (+not) +主语+going to + 动词原形+其他? 一般疑问句的回答示例： 一般疑问句 肯定回答 否定回答 Is he going to attend the meeting? Yes, he is. No, he isn’t. Are we going to have a picnic? Yes, we are. No, we aren’t. (3) 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+is/am/are+主语+ going to+动词原形+其他? What are they going to wear on the first day of junior high?初中的第一天他们打算穿什么？ [随学随练] 单项填空 1．Gao Shan is going to learn about the traffic rules ________. A．now B．every day C．last Tuesday D．next week 【答案】D 【详解】句意：高山打算下周学习交通规则。 本题考查一般将来时和时间状语。now现在；every day每天；last Tuesday上周二；next week下周。根据“is going to”可知，这是一般将来时结构，表示计划、打算做某事。next week符合一般将来时的时间范畴，故选D。 2．—________ Wang Junfeng ________ play football tomorrow morning? —Yes, he is. A．Is; going B．Is; going to C．Will; going to D．Will; goes to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——王俊峰打算明天早晨踢足球吗？——是的，他打算去。 考查一般将来时态。根据时间状语“tomorrow morning”可知是一般将来时，答句“Yes, he is.”对应问句中的be动词，因此用“be going to”结构，一般疑问句中将be动词置于句首。故选B。 3．I am free this evening and I ________ watch cartoons on TV. A．am going to B．going to C．will to D．will going to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我今晚有空，我打算在电视上看动画片。 考查一般将来时的表达。am going to打算，用于主语是第一人称时；going to缺少be动词，表达错误；will to表达错误，will后接动词原形；will going to表达错误，will和be going to不能混用。这里表示“打算做某事”，主语是I，一般将来时用am going to。故选A。 4．Look at the black clouds. I think it ________ soon. A．rains B．is going to rain C．to rain D．is raining 【答案】B 【详解】句意：看那些乌云。我认为很快就要下雨了。 考查动词时态。根据“Look at the black clouds.”可知，说话者看到乌云，根据这一迹象预测很快就要下雨了，这里应该用一般将来时表示对未来情况的预测。在英语中，当有迹象表明某事即将发生时，常用“be going to”结构来表示一般将来时，主语为it，be动词用is，故选B。 5．—Who ________ the students around the Palace Museum next Sunday? —I think Mr Green is. A．shows B．will show C．is showing D．is going to show 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——下星期天谁带学生参观故宫？——我认为是格林先生。 考查时态。根据“next Sunday”可知，句子时态为一般将来时，根据“I think Mr Green is.”可知，此处结构为“be going to+动词原形”。故选D。 6．My parents ________ going to visit my grandparents this weekend. A．am B．is C．are D．be 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的父母准备这周末去看望我的祖父母。 考查主谓一致。分析句子可知，这句话要用一般将来时态。be going to do sth.准备做某事，主语my parents是复数，be动词用are。故选C。 7．The winter holiday is coming and they ________ a trip to Wuhan. A．taking B．takes C．are going to take D．took 【答案】C 【详解】句意：寒假即将来临，他们打算去武汉旅行。 考查动词时态。根据“The winter holiday is coming”可知，“去武汉旅行”发生在将来，应用一般将来时。故选C。 8．—What is your plan for the coming weekend? —We ________ the panda called Hua Hua. A．are going to visit B．visit C．is going to visit D．visited 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你对即将到来的周末有什么计划？——我们要去参观一只名叫花花的熊猫。 考查主谓一致和一般将来时。根据“the coming weekend”可知，此处表示将来发生的动作，应用一般将来时，其结构是：am/is/are going to+动词原形；主语“We”表示复数，所以此处应用be动词are。故选A。 用所给词的适当形式填空 1．I am going (watch) a movie tonight. 【答案】to watch 2．Where are you going to (have) lunch tomorrow? 【答案】have 3．We (not watch) TV next Monday. 【答案】are not going to watch/aren’t going to watch 4．My parents (be) going to Beijing tomorrow. 【答案】are 5．—How are you going to be an astronaut? —I am going (study) science and maths hard. 【答案】to study 6．—Is your father (play) basketball with you this Sunday morning?   —No, he isn’t. 【答案】going to play 按要求完成句子 1．Lucy is going to visit her friend tomorrow. (改成一般疑问句) 【答案】Is Lucy going to visit her friend tomorrow? 2．We are going to brush the shoes this evening. (改成否定句) 【答案】 We are not going to brush the shoes this evening. 3．The students in Class Three have a field trip every month. (用next Sunday改写) 【答案】The students in Class Three are going to have a field trip next Sunday. 4．They are going to play chess this afternoon.（改为一般疑问句，并作出否定回答） — — 【答案】—Are they going to play chess this afternoon? —No , they aren’t. 5．They are going to visit the Great Wall next Sunday. (划线部分提问) 【答案】Where are they going to visit next Sunday? 6．We are going to hike on Mountain Green this weekend. (对划线部分提问) 【答案】When are you going to hike on Mountain Green? 不定式作宾语 1. 不定式的概念 动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种形式，在句中不能单独作谓语，可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等。它保留了动词的部分特征，既能带宾语、状语，也能被状语修饰。 2. 不定式的构成 (1) 带to的不定式 带to的不定式结构为“to+动词原型”，大多数不定式都是此结构。 如：He wants to be a teacher. 他想成为一名老师。 We decided to go to the beach. 我们决定去海滩。 (2) 有部分情况，不定式中to要省略，变成“动词原型”结构，即不带to的不定式。 · 使役动词make, let, have等后接宾语时用不带to的不定式 如：He always makes me clean the room. 他总是让我打扫房间。 · 感官动词see, watch, hear，notice等后接宾语时，强调动作全过程时用不带to的不定式 如：We often hear Lily sing in the room. 我们经常听到丽丽在房间唱歌。 3. 不定式的常用语法功能 (1) 作状语 如：We get up early to catch the early bus.我们早起是为了赶上早班车。 I am glad to see you again. 再次见到你，我很高兴。 (2) 作主语 如：To learn maths well is important.学好英语很重要。 (3) 作宾语 如：He hopes to meet her again. 他希望能再次见到她。 (4) 作表语 如：His goal is to pass the English exam. 他的目标是通过英语考试。 (5) 作定语 如：This is the best way to solve the problem. 这是解决问题的最佳方法。 (6) 作宾语补足语 如：Mom told me to go to bed. 妈妈叫我去睡觉。 4. 不定式作宾语的表意功能 (1) 不定式作宾语时，表达主语的“意愿、计划、企图、希望、决定”等心理活动或具体动作意图。 (2) 不定式作宾语时，谓语动词必须是及物动词。 (3) 常见后接不定式作宾语的及物动词有： want（想要），wish（希望），hope（希望），decide（决定），plan（计划），mean（打算）， agree（同意），promise（承诺），refuse（拒绝），need（需要），choose（选择），happen(碰巧)等。 如：He wants to buy a new car. 他想买一辆新车。 David promised to arrive here before 5 o’clock.大卫答应5点前到这儿。 (4) it作形式宾语 当不定式作宾语且后面接有宾语补足语时，为了避免句子结构头重脚轻，常用“it”作形式宾语，将真正的宾语不定式放在宾语补足语之后。 如：I find it interesting to learn maths. 我觉得学数学很有趣。 5. be going to 与want/hope/plan to do的区别 (1) be going to结构适用于表达已决定的有明确意图的未来行动。 如：We are going to go hiking this Sunday. 我们打算周日去徒步。 (2) want to do、hope to do、plan to do等则常用于表达愿望、计划和决定。 如：He hopes to be a teacher. 他希望成为一名教师。 [随学随练] 单项填空 1．—Please stay with me this weekend? —I’m sorry, but my father and I planned ________ Jiujiang a long time ago. A．visit B．visiting C．to visit D．visited 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这个周末请和我待在一起吧。——抱歉，但我和我爸爸很久之前就计划去九江了。 考查非谓语动词。plan后接动词时，常用plan to do sth.结构，意为“计划做某事”，此处需用不定式作宾语。故选C。 2．Alice feels lonely in her new school, so she hopes ________ some clubs to make new friends. A．join B．joining C．to join D．joined 【答案】C 【详解】句意：爱丽丝在新学校感到孤独，所以她希望加入一些俱乐部来结交新朋友。 考查非谓语动词。根据“she hopes...some clubs to make new friends”可知，此处表达的是“希望做某事”，英语是hope to do sth，所以空格应该用不定式形式作宾语，故选C。 3．I expected ________ my friend, but my car broke down on the way. A．meet B．to meet C．meeting D．meets 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我本想去见我的朋友，但我的车在路上抛锚了。 考查非谓语动词。expect后接动词不定式，即expect to do sth，意为“期望做某事”。故选B。 4．Lu Yao decides ________ hard at becoming a good mascot. A．works B．worked C．working D．to work 【答案】D 【详解】句意：路遥决定努力成为一个好的吉祥物。 考查动词不定式。works工作，动词三单；worked工作，动词过去式；working工作，现在分词；to work工作，动词不定式。根据“decides”可知后接不定式作宾语，选项D的“to work”符合题意。故选D。 5．—Peter, would you like ________ fishing with me?     —Sorry, I have a lot of homework to do. A．going B．go C．to go D．goes 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——彼得，你愿意和我一起去钓鱼吗？——对不起，我有很多作业要做。 考查非谓语动词。根据“would you like ...”可知，是would like to do sth“愿意做某事”，用不定式作宾语。故选C。 6．Some people think ________ a waste of time to watch short videos online. A．one B．it C．this D．that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：有些人认为在线看短视频是浪费时间。 考查代词辨析。one一个；it它；this这个；that那个。根据“Some people think...a waste of time to watch short videos online.”可知，句子结构为“think+it+宾语补足语+to do”，意为“做某事是怎么样的”。 “it”作形式宾语，“a waste of time”是宾语补足语，“to watch short videos online”是真正的宾语。故选B。 7．—Our English teacher asks us ________ English every day. —So my mother made me ________ the English text for half an hour yesterday evening. A．read; to read B．read; reading C．to read; to read D．to read; read 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我们英语老师要求我们每天读英语。——所以我妈妈昨晚让我读了半小时英语课文。 考查非谓语动词。ask sb to do sth意为“要求某人做某事”，第一空需用 to read；make sb do sth意为“让某人做某事”，第二空需用动词原形read。故选D。 8．The old lady is sick. Let’s go out and let her ________ a good rest. A．take B．taking C．to take D．took 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这位老妇人病了。我们出去让她好好休息一下吧。 考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，此处是“let sb do sth让某人做某事”结构，动词应用原形，构成let her take a good rest让她好好休息一下。故选A。 用所给词的适当形式填空 1．I’d like (make) friends with Ella. 【答案】to make 【详解】句意：我想和Ella交朋友。would like to do sth.“想要做某事”，因此此处应用动词不定式to make，作宾语。故填to make。 2．Mike can always make his mother (laugh). 【答案】laugh 【详解】句意：迈克总能逗他妈妈笑。make sb do sth“使某人做某事”，此处为省略to的不定式作宾补。故填laugh。 3．Now let’s start (mash) the potatoes. 【答案】mashing/to mash 【详解】句意：现在让我们开始捣碎土豆。mash“捣碎”，动词；start doing sth/start to do sth“开始做某事”，此处用其动名词或不定式形式作宾语。故填mashing/to mash。 4．The student failed (answer) the difficult question during the exam. 【答案】to answer 【详解】句意：这个学生在考试时，没能答出这道难题。fail to do sth“未能做某事”，此处应用其不定式形式作宾语，故填to answer。 5．We need (keep) our classroom clean. 【答案】to keep 【详解】句意：我们需要保持教室清洁。分析句子可知，该句为肯定句；keep“保持”，动词，根据“need”可知，need to do sth.“需要做某事”，表示主动意义，所以空处使用动词不定式。故填to keep。 6．I’m so happy my best friend again. (see) 【答案】to see 【详解】句意：我很高兴再次见到我最好的朋友。根据“I’m so happy...my best friend again.”可知，横线处需填动词不定式作原因状语，see“看见”，动词，其不定式形式为to see，“be happy to do sth.”意为“很高兴做某事”。故填to see。 7．I find it hard (remember) so many words. 【答案】to remember 【详解】句意：我发现记住这么多单词很难。remember记住，动词；“find it+形容词+to do sth.”是一个常用的固定结构，意为“发现做某事……”，其中“it”是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的“to do sth.”，此处要用“to remember”。故填to remember。 8．Don’t forget (take)out the rubbish when you leave. 【答案】to take 【详解】句意：你离开的时候别忘了把垃圾带出去。根据“forget”可知，forget to do sth.“忘记去做某事（事情还未做）”，横线处需填动词不定式，take“带走”，动词，其不定式形式为to take。故填to take。 9．Tiantian hopes (design) a new type of plane. 【答案】to design 【详解】句意：天天希望设计一种新型飞机。hope to do sth.“希望做某事”，固定短语。故填to design。 10．I want (watch) the football game with my father. 【答案】to watch 【详解】句意：我想和我爸爸一起看足球比赛。根据“want”可知，want to do sth.表示“想要做某事”，所以此处应填动词不定式to watch。故填to watch。 2、 单元语法基础练习 1. 单项填空 (1) The students ________ the museum next month. A．visit B．visits C．visited D．are going to visit 【答案】D 【详解】句意：学生们下个月将参观博物馆。 考查一般将来时。visit动词原形；visits一般现在时，第三人称单数形式；visited过去式；are going to visit一般将来时。根据“next month”可知，句子表述的是将来的活动，需用一般将来时结构。故选D。 (2) —________ you ________ him tomorrow? —Yes, I am. A．Are; visiting B．Are; going to visit C．Do; visit D．Will; visit 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你明天要去看他吗？——是的，我要去。 考查一般疑问句及时态。根据“tomorrow”可知，句子时态为一般将来时；根据答语“Yes, I am.”可知，此处为be动词引导的一般疑问句，B项符合。故选B。 (3) —What’s your plan for the weekend?   —_______ A．I watch a film. B．I watched a film. C．I’m going to watch a film. D．I’m watching a film now. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你周末有什么计划？ ——我要去看电影。 考查动词时态。根据“What’s your plan for the weekend?”可知，询问周末计划，动作还没有发生，应该用一般将来时“will+动词原形”或“be going to+动词原形”。故选C。 (4) —I ________ football after school in the playground. Do you want to come? —Sure. I’ll be there after school. A．play B．played C．am playing D．am going to play 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——放学后我打算去操场踢足球。你想来吗？——当然。放学后我会去的。 考查一般将来时。根据“I’ll be there after school.”可知，空处的动作发生在将来，应用一般将来时。故选D。 (5) —What are you saving money for? —Father’s Day is around the corner. I ________ a gift for my father. A．bought B．buy C．was buying D．am going to buy 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你存钱是为了什么？——父亲节即将到来，我打算给我爸爸买一份礼物。 考查一般将来时。由“Father’s Day is around the corner.”可知，父亲节即将到来，所以存钱的目的是为了买礼物，“买礼物”还未发生，时态是一般将来时，be going to do表示“打算做某事”。故选D。 (6) My brother ________ a computer programmer when he ________ up. A．is; grows B．is going to be; will grow C．is going to be; grows D．will be; grew 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我哥哥长大后打算成为一名计算机程序员。 考查时态。根据“when he...up”可知，此句是说打算成为一名计算机程序员，可用will be/be going to be，排除A项；第二空“when”引导的是时间状语从句，用一般现在时代替一般将来时，从句主语“he”为第三人称单数，grow用第三人称单数。故选C。 (7) You will fail ________ the train ticket if you don’t book it online early. A．buy B．buying C．to buy D．to buying 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果你不早点在网上订票，你会买不到火车票。 考查非谓语动词。fail to do sth“未能做某事”，空处用不定式作宾语。故选C。 (8) —What do you think of learning Chinese? —Actually, I find ______ hard to learn Chinese well in a short time. A．that B．one C．it D．this 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你觉得学中文怎么样？——事实上，我发现短时间内学好中文是很难的。 考查代词用法。此处是“find + it + 形容词 + to do sth.”结构，其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式“to learn Chinese well”。that，one，this均无此用法。故选C。 (9) I found ________ impossible ________ his mind. A．it; to change B．I’m; to change C．it’s; to change D．he’s; to change 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我发现改变他的主意是不可能的。 考查代词用法及非谓语动词。“find + it + adj. + to do sth.”为固定句型，表示“发现做某事很……”，it为形式宾语，动词不定式为真正的宾语。故选A。 (10) They cleared away the snow on the street to make ________ safe for people ________ on. A．it; to walk B．it’s; to walk C．it; walking D．its; walking 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他们清除了街上的积雪，以便人们能安全行走。 考查代词及非谓语动词。it它；it’s它是；its它的；to walk动词不定式；walking现在分词。“make it + adj. + for sb. to do sth.”意为“使做某事对某人来说是……的”，其中it作形式宾语，动词不定式是真正的宾语。所以第一空填it，第二空填to walk。故选A。 (11) My dream is ________ around the world one day. A．to travel B．travelling C．travel D．travelled 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我的梦想是有一天环游世界。 考查非谓语动词。to travel动词不定式；travelling动名词/现在分词；travel动词原形；travelled过去式/过去分词。根据“My dream is...”可知，此处是“主系表”结构，表示“梦想是……”，常用动词不定式作表语。故选A。 (12) —Daniel, could you please share your good ways to study with me? —________ well, you need to have strong drive and good habits first. A．To learn B．Learn C．Learning D．To learning 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——Daniel，你能和我分享你的学习方法吗？——为了学习好 (知识)，你首先需要强烈的动力和好习惯。 考查非谓语动词。根据“... well, you need to have strong drive and good habits first.”可知，“有强烈的动力和良好的习惯”的目的是“学习好”，此处要用动词不定式“To learn”作目的状语。故选A。 2. 用所给词的适当形式填空，或填写适当的词使语法正确并且句意完整。 (1) —What’s your plan for the weekend, Helen? —I (visit) my grandparents in the countryside. 【答案】am going to visit (2) —What you (do) this Sunday? —I (go) swimming with my friend. 【答案】 are going to do am going to go (3) My father (not play) basketball with his friends next week. 【答案】isn’t going to play (4) She (take) some photos in the park tomorrow. 【答案】is going to take (5) Mr Green (give) a talk to the students this afternoon, isn’t he? 【答案】is going to give (6) (be) your classmates (play) computer games next Saturday? 【答案】 Are going to play (7) —What you (be) in the future? —I’m going to be a scientist. 【答案】 are going to be (8) Don’t forget ________ (turn )off the light when you leave the classroom. 【答案】to turn (9) I meet a new friend in a new school. We are happy ________ each other. 【答案】to meet (10) Let the boy (not make) mistakes again, or his teacher will be angry. 【答案】not make (11) We plan (visit) the famous art museum in Paris next summer vacation. 【答案】to visit (12) I don’t think it’s easy for her (learn) Chinese. 【答案】to learn (13) Some resolutions may be too difficult (keep), sometimes, people often forget (keep) them. 【答案】 to keep to keep (14) Tom hopes (create) a pen that can draw 3-D pictures on paper. 【答案】to create 3. 改写句子 (1) She’s going to fly a kite this Sunday morning. (改为一般疑问句) 【答案】Is she going to fly a kite this Sunday morning? (2) We are going to watch Nezha 2 tonight. (改为一般疑问句) 【答案】Are you going to watch Nezha 2 tonight? (3) They have a basketball match every Sunday. (用next Sunday替换every Sunday改写句子) 【答案】They are going to have a basketball match next Sunday. (4) Lily is going to study education. (变为否定句) 【答案】Lily is not going to study education. (5) They are going to play tennis this afternoon. (改为否定句) 【答案】They aren’t going to play tennis this afternoon. (6) They are going to visit the History Museum. (改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答) — — 【答案】—Are they going to visit the History Museum? —Yes, they are (7) Tom is going to be a pilot when he grows up. (划线部分提问) 【答案】What is Tom going to be when he grows up? (8) I’m going to play table tennis this Sunday. (对划线部分提问) 【答案】What are you going to do this Sunday? (9) We’re going to go on a picnic next Sunday. (对画线部分提问) 【答案】What are you going to do next Sunday? (10) John is going to play football tomorrow afternoon. (对划线部分提问) 【答案】When is John going to play football? 4. 翻译句子或补全句子 (1) 英语日即将到来，我们不久将组织一次英语聚会。 English Day is coming, and we an English party soon. 【答案】 are going to organize (2) 她打算每天早上练习说英语。 She English every morning. 【答案】 is going to practise speaking (3) —你打算读更多关于IT的书吗？ —是的。 — read more books about IT? —Yes, . 【答案】 Are you going to I am (4) —你打算如何去做那件事？ —我将努力学习数学。 — you do that? —I’m going to at maths. 【答案】 How are going to study hard (5) 爱丽丝打算长大了成为一名女演员。 Alice to be when she grows up. 【答案】 is going an actress (6) 我打算开始一个新的爱好。（take up） 【答案】I’m going to take up a new hobby. (7) 他们打算拆除旧楼，在那儿建一座新的购物中心。 【答案】They are going to knock down the old building(s) and build a new shopping centre there. (8) 学生们打算参加一门劳动教育课程，学习如何种植蔬菜。(be going to) . 【答案】Students are going to take a labor education course to learn how to grow vegetables (9) —你打算明年做什么？ —我打算吃更加健康的食品，取得更好的成绩。 — — 【答案】—What are you going to do next year? —I’m going to eat healthier food and get better grades. (10) 你打算怎样成为一名作家？ 【答案】How are you going to become a writer? 5. 情景运用 (1) A: ? B: I want to be an artist. 【答案】What do you want to be (2) — ? —I am going to be a vet. I want to help sick animals. 【答案】What are you going to be (3) A: Is she going to be a pilot? B: . She’ll be an artist. 【答案】No, she isn’t (4) —What are you going to be in the future? — . 【答案】开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案为：I’m going to be a teacher。 (5) A: What do you want to be in the future? B: . I like drawing very much. 【答案】I want to be an artist/a painter. 3、 单元语法提升练习 1. 语法选择 The weekend is coming soon. My family are planning 1 exciting trip to Sanya. My father said, “ 2 beautiful the sea looks!” He is a good 3 and will teach us how to swim. My mother decides 4 all the hotel bookings online. She often says a good trip needs careful planning, 5 she spends a lot of time on it. This time, we won’t join a tour group, we just want to make the trip plan all by 6 . We will have a 7 holiday because we can stay at the beach for a long time. My sister is very young, but she 8 them with reading the map. My main job is 9 lots of photos. I hope there is 10 wrong and we can have a perfect vacation! 1．A．a B．an C．the 2．A．What B．What a C．How 3．A．swim B．swimming C．swimmer 4．A．to make B．make C．making 5．A．but B．so C．or 6．A．we B．our C．ourselves 7．A．happy B．happiness C．happily 8．A．help B．helped C．is going to help 9．A．take B．to take C．taking 10．A．something B．anything C．nothing 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一家计划去三亚旅行，家人各自为旅行做准备并分工，作者希望旅行一切顺利，能度过一个完美的假期。 1．句意：我的家人正计划去三亚进行一次令人兴奋的旅行。 a一个，不定冠词，修饰以辅音音素开头的单词；an一个，不定冠词，修饰以元音音素开头的单词；the这个，定冠词，表示特指。根据“exciting trip”可知，此处泛指一次令人兴奋的旅行，且exciting以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an修饰。故选B。 2．句意：我爸爸说：“大海看起来多美啊！” What多么，感叹句中修饰名词；What a多么，感叹句中修饰名词单数；How多么，感叹句中修饰形容词或副词。根据“beautiful the sea looks”可知，此处是感叹句，修饰形容词beautiful，应用how引导感叹句，结构为“How+形容词+主谓”。故选C。 3．句意：他是一个好的游泳者，会教我们如何游泳。 swim游泳，动词原形；swimming游泳，动名词；swimmer游泳者，名词。根据“He is a good...and will teach us how to swim.”可知，此处指爸爸是一个好的游泳者，应用名词swimmer。故选C。 4．句意：我妈妈决定在网上预订所有的酒店。 to make制作，动词不定式；make制作，动词原形；making制作，动名词。根据“decides”可知，此处考查固定搭配decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，应用动词不定式。故选A。 5．句意：她经常说一次好的旅行需要仔细的计划，所以她花了很多时间在上面。 but但是；so所以；or或者。根据“She often says a good trip needs careful planning,...she spends a lot of time on it.”可知，前后句是因果关系，前因后果，应用so连接。故选B。 6．句意：这次，我们不会加入旅行团，我们只想自己制定旅行计划。 we我们，主格；our我们的，形容词性物主代词；ourselves我们自己，反身代词。根据“we just want to make the trip plan all by...”可知，此处指我们自己制定旅行计划，应用反身代词ourselves。故选C。 7．句意：我们将有一个快乐的假期，因为我们可以在海滩上呆很长时间。 happy快乐的，形容词；happiness快乐，名词；happily快乐地，副词。根据“We will have a...holiday”可知，此处修饰名词holiday，应用形容词happy。故选A。 8．句意：我妹妹很小，但她将帮他们看地图。 help帮助，动词原形；helped帮助，动词过去式；is going to help将帮助，一般将来时。根据“My sister is very young, but she...them with reading the map.”可知，此处指妹妹将帮他们看地图，应用一般将来时。故选C。 9．句意：我的主要工作是拍很多照片。 take拍摄，动词原形；to take拍摄，动词不定式；taking拍摄，动名词。根据“My main job is...lots of photos.”可知，此处考查固定搭配be to do sth.“将要做某事”，应用动词不定式。故选B。 10．句意：我希望没有什么问题，我们可以有一个完美的假期！ something某事，用于肯定句；anything任何事，用于否定句或疑问句；nothing没什么事。根据“we can have a perfect vacation!”可知，此处指希望没有什么问题，应用nothing。故选C。 2. 语法填空 Hi, I am Jenny, a student in No.1 Middle School. Today I’d like to talk 1 dream jobs. What do you want to 2 (be) when you grow up? Most parents and teachers often ask 3 (we) this question. Some want to be engineers, some want to be 4 (piano) , and some want to be scientists. For me, I want to be a 5 (music) when I grow up. However, my parents want me to be a doctor to work in a hospital. I 6 (real) don’t like it. One day, I talked to my parents about my thought 7 they agreed that I could make my own decision . I also 8 (tell) them my plans. First I am going to study 9 (hard) than before and do my homework more carefully. Then I 10 (take) singing lessons. Finally I am going to exercise every day to keep healthy. 【答案】 1．about 2．to be 3．us 4．pianists 5．musician 6．really 7．and 8．told 9．harder 10．am going to take 【导语】本文介绍了作者的梦想职业和父母对她的选择的看法以及她要如何实现自己的梦想。 1．句意：今天我想谈谈梦想的工作。根据“I’d like to talk...dream jobs.”可知，此处应该表示谈谈梦想的工作。talk about意为“谈论”，是固定搭配。故填about。 2．句意：你长大后想做什么？want后接不定式作宾语，want to be想要成为...。故填to be。 3．句意：大多数父母和老师经常问我们这个问题。根据“often ask...this question”以及所给单词we可知，此处应该表示“问我们这个问题”，动词ask后跟代词的宾格形式，we的宾格形式是us。故填us。 4．句意：与些人想成为工程师，有些人想成为钢琴家，有些人想成为科学家。根据“Some want to be engineers, some want to be...”和所给词汇piano可知，此处应该表示有些人想成为钢琴家。pianist意为“钢琴家”。主语是some，所以此处应该用复数pianists。故填pianists。 5．句意：对于我来说，我长大想成为一名音乐家。根据“For me, I want to be a...”和所给词汇music可知，此处应该表示自己长大想成为一名音乐家。musician意为“音乐家”。a后跟单数名词。故填musician。 6．句意：我真的不喜欢它。根据“I...don’t like it.”及所给词汇real可知，此处需要一个副词修饰动词。real形容词“真实的”的副词为really“确实”。故填really。 7．句意：一天，我和父母谈论了我的想法，他们同意了我可以自己做决定。根据“One day, I talked to my parents about my thought...they agreed that I could make my own decision.”可知，前后是并列关系。and“和”表示并列。故填and。 8．句意：我也告诉了他们我的计划。根据“I talked to my parents about my thought”“I also...them my plans.”及所给词汇tell可知，本句时态是一般过去时，tell“告诉”的过去式是told。故填told。 9．句意：首先，我要比以前更努力学习，并且更仔细地做我的功课。根据“than before”可知，此处应该用hard“努力”的比较级harder“更努力”。故填harder。 10．句意：然后，我将上声乐课。根据“First I am going to study...”可知，本句时态为一般将来时be going to do，主语是第一人称I，所以be动词用am。故填am going to。 3. 阅读补全 John, Henry and Mills are good friends. The summer holiday is coming. 1 Let’s have a look at their plans. John likes playing basketball although he is not good at it. 2 It is interesting and relaxing for him to watch them and he hopes his favourite team will win the games. What about Henry? 3 They are going to visit the Palace Museum to learn something important. They will visit the Great Wall and take many photos with their cameras. 4 She doesn’t like to travel during vacations because there are so many people outside. She is going to do some housework with her parents, such as cleaning the floor and watering the flowers. She also plans to exercise every day because she wants to keep healthy. 5 They are all looking forward to their summer holiday. A．He is going to watch some basketball competitions. B．Mills is not going to other places on vacation. C．He decides to take a trip with his parents. D．Now they are planning to do something interesting during the holiday. E．They all hope to have a safe and wonderful holiday. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．E 【导语】本文主要介绍了John、Henry和Mills三位好朋友的暑假计划。 1．根据“The summer holiday is coming.”以及“Let’s have a look at their plans.”可知，此处应是引出他们对于暑假的计划，选项D“现在他们正计划在假期里做些有趣的事情。”符合语境。故选D。 2．根据“John likes playing basketball although he is not good at it.”以及“It is interesting and relaxing for him to watch them and he hopes his favourite team will win the games.”可知，此处应是关于John看篮球比赛的计划，选项A“他打算去看一些篮球比赛。”符合语境。故选A。 3．根据“What about Henry?”以及“They are going to visit the Palace Museum to learn something important. They will visit the Great Wall and take many photos with their camera.”可知，此处应是关于Henry的假期计划，选项C“他决定和父母一起去旅行。”符合语境。故选C。 4．根据“She doesn’t like to travel during vacations because there are so many people outside.”可知，此处应是关于Mills的假期安排，且这个安排与不旅行相关，选项B“Mills假期不打算去别的地方。”符合语境。故选B。 5．根据“They are all looking forward to their summer holiday.”可知，此处应是关于他们三人对暑假的期望，选项E“他们都希望有一个安全又美好的假期。”符合语境。故选E。 4. 阅读理解 A There are lots of jobs in the world. What kind of job are you going to do when you grow up? Here are our dream jobs. My name is Justin. I’m good at singing. I’m going to be a singer when I grow up. I’m going to write songs by myself. I’m going to sing my own songs. I’m also going to make some music albums (专辑). I think I will be famous. I will be popular among young people. My sister is going to be a fashion designer. She wants to make clothes for fashion shows and for people who want to look cool. My sister often draws pictures of fashion, but I don’t think the pictures are good. My brother wants to be a baker. He likes to bake cookies, cakes and other desserts. He is going to watch lots of baking and cooking shows and videos. His favorite show is called “Cake Boss”. 1．Justin is going to do some things EXCEPT ________. A．writing songs B．singing songs C．making films D．making albums 2．What is Justin’s sister going to be when she grows up? A．A singer. B．A baker. C．A dancer. D．A designer. 3．Justin thinks his sister’s painting of fashion is ________. A．good B．bad C．cool D．beautiful 4．After reading the passage, we can know “Cake Boss” is ________. A．a show B．a baker C．a cake shop D．a book 5．The passage mainly talks about ________. A．their favorite shows B．their favorite videos C．their dream jobs D．their good friends 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍三个人的梦想工作。 1．细节理解题。根据“I’m going to write songs by myself. I’m going to sing my own songs. I’m also going to make some music albums”可知，要自己写歌，要唱自己的歌，还打算做一些音乐专辑，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“My sister is going to be a fashion(时装) designer”可知，Justin的姐姐长大后想当设计师，故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“My sister often draws pictures of fashion, but I don’t think the pictures are good”可知，Justin认为姐姐画的时尚画不好，故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“He is going to watch lots of baking and cooking shows and videos. His favorite show is called ‘Cake Boss’.”可知，他打算看有关烹饪的节目，由此可推断“Cake Boss”是一个节目，故选A。 5．主旨大意题。根据“What kind of job are you going to do when you grow up? Here are our dream jobs”可知，本文介绍了三个人的梦想工作，故选C。 B Hello, my name is Linda. I will start my journey in junior high school. I’m really excited about this new chapter in my life. I know that junior high is a big step, so I want to plan my time well to make sure I succeed. I set some goals for myself. I want to be top in school. What’s more, I want to make new friends and enjoy my time at school. To achieve these goals, I will make a daily plan. I will plan time for homework, reading, playing sports and spending time with friends. This plan will help me remember something important. I want to join some clubs and out-of-class activities. I am interested in music, so I plan to join the school choir (合唱团). This will not only help me chase my dream but also make new friends. Sometimes, I feel overwhelmed with all the things I have to do. But I know that I can ask my teachers, parents and friends for help when I face problems. In short, I am looking forward to a successful junior high school life. By planning ahead and working hard, I am confident that I will achieve my goals. 1．What’s Linda’s main goal in planning her junior high school life? A．To have fun and make friends. B．To be top in school. C．To join some clubs. D．To play sports. 2．What does Linda do to achieve her goals? A．Join clubs and out-of-class activities. B．Join the school choir. C．Make a daily plan. D．Work hard every day. 3．What does the underlined word “overwhelmed” mean? A．不知所措的 B．轻松的 C．焦虑的 D．压不垮的 4．What can Linda always do when facing problems in junior high school? A．Ignore (忽略) them. B．Try to solve them by herself. C．Ask her teachers, parents and friends for help. D．Do nothing but wait. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 【导语】 本文介绍了琳达对即将开始的初中生活充满期待，并通过设定目标和制定计划来确保自己的成功。 1．细节理解题。根据“I set some goals for myself. I want to be top in school.”可知，琳达初中生活的主要目标是在学校名列前茅。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“To achieve these goals, I will make a daily plan.”可知，为了实现她的目标，她会制定一个每日计划。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据“But I know that I can ask my teachers, parents and friends for help when I face problems.”可知，琳达面对所有要做的事情有时不知道该怎么办，她可以向老师、父母和朋友寻求帮助；可推测出“overwhelmed”意为“不知所措的”。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“But I know that I can ask my teachers, parents and friends for help when I face problems.”可知，遇到问题时，她会向她的老师、父母和朋友寻求帮助。故选C。 5. 任务型阅读 Galante is a wildlife biologist studying animals that are nearly dying out. A reporter Daniels spoke with him about his job. Read part of their conversation below. Daniels: How old were you when you knew you wanted to be a biologist? Galante: For as long as I can remember, I knew I wanted to work with animals, or study animals, or just have anything to do with animals. But it wasn’t really until after graduating from college with a biology degree that I was like, “Oh, okay, I’m actually a biologist now.” Daniels: You’re able to travel all around the world. What are some of your favourite places that you have been to over the years? Galante: I’m very lucky with all the places I’ve got to go. Africa is always closest to my heart. You see elephants and lions and all these big animals. But my favorite place I’ve ever been is Palau (帕劳群岛). I was amazed by the underwater scene there. Daniels: What’s the best and most rewarding part of your job? Galante: The best and most rewarding part of my job is what we’re doing right now. It’s inspiring young people to care so much about wildlife. To tell you the truth, I love to travel and work with animals. But all of that can’t be compared to the most exciting and rewarding moment when I get an email from somebody like you. I’m so delighted to hear “I want to do that when I grow up.” And so that’s what makes it all worth it: inspiring the next generation of young people to protect our environment. 1．When did Galante become a biologist? 2．Why has Palau been Galante’s favourite place?   3．What does Galante want to encourage the young people to do?   4．What does the underlined words “all of that” refer to?   【答案】1．After graduating from college with a biology degree. 2．Because he was amazed by the underwater scene there. 3．To care about wildlife and protect the environment. 4．Traveling and working with animals. 【导语】本文是一篇关于野生动物生物学家Galante的采访，主要讲述了记者Daniels对他的工作、职业发展、喜欢的地方以及工作中最有意义的部分等方面的采访内容。 1．根据“But it wasn’t really until after graduating from college with a biology degree that I was like, ‘Oh, okay, I’m actually a biologist now.’”可知，Galante在大学毕业获得生物学学位后成为了一名生物学家，故填After graduating from college with a biology degree. 2．根据“But my favorite place I’ve ever been is Palau (帕劳群岛). I was amazed by the underwater scene there.”可知，帕劳群岛是Galante最喜欢的地方，因为那里的水下景色让他惊叹，故填Because he was amazed by the underwater scene there. 3．根据“It’s inspiring young people to care so much about wildlife.”以及“inspiring the next generation of young people to protect our environment.”可知，Galante希望鼓励年轻人关心野生动物并保护环境，故填To care about wildlife and protect the environment. 4．根据“To tell you the truth, I love to travel and work with animals. But all of that can’t be compared to the most exciting and rewarding moment when I get an email from somebody like you.”可知，“all of that”指的是旅行和与动物一起工作，故填Traveling and working with animals. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Plan for Yourself 核心知识点精讲精练 2 (Grammar) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Grammar 部分精讲本单元的重点语法，讲解部分配有随学随练。 · Grammar 部分还设置了单元语法基础练习和单元语法提升练习，有单项填空、翻译句子、语篇填空、补全对话、完形填空、阅读理解等丰富多样的习题帮助学生更好地学习并掌握单元语法知识。 1、 单元语法解析 一般将来时 1. 一般将来时的意义 (1) 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，或将来某一段时间内经常发生的动作或存在的状态。 (2) 常用一般将来时的时间状语： · tomorrow明天, the day after tomorrow后天 · next +时间：next week下周；next Tuesday 下周二 · in +时间段/将来的时间：in two days 两天后；in 2035 在2035年 · soon 不久以后 · in the future 将来 · the coming weekend即将到来的周末 · around the corner即将到来 2. 一般将来时的谓语动词结构—“be going to+动词原形”结构 一般将来时的谓语动词结构主要有两种：“be going to+动词原形”和“will+动词原形”。 本单元主要学习“be going to+动词原形”结构。其主要表意功能有： · 用于表示打算、计划要做的事。 I am going to visit the science museum next Sunday. 我计划下周日去参观科学博物馆。 · 用于表示有迹象要发生的事。 Look at the dark clouds. It is going to rain. 看看那些乌云。快要下雨了。 3. “be going to+动词原形”结构各种句式 (1) 陈述句肯定式：主语+is/am/are going to+动词原形+其他 陈述句否定式：主语+is/am/are going to+not+动词原形+其他 注意： be动词根据主语选择使用am,is或are。 is not可缩略为isn’t；are not可缩略为aren’t。 如：They are going to have a picnic. 他们打算去野餐。 He won’t come with you. 他将不会和你一起来。 (2) 一般疑问句：Is/Are (+not) +主语+going to + 动词原形+其他? 一般疑问句的回答示例： 一般疑问句 肯定回答 否定回答 Is he going to attend the meeting? Yes, he is. No, he isn’t. Are we going to have a picnic? Yes, we are. No, we aren’t. (3) 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+is/am/are+主语+ going to+动词原形+其他? What are they going to wear on the first day of junior high?初中的第一天他们打算穿什么？ [随学随练] 单项填空 1．Gao Shan is going to learn about the traffic rules ________. A．now B．every day C．last Tuesday D．next week 2．—________ Wang Junfeng ________ play football tomorrow morning? —Yes, he is. A．Is; going B．Is; going to C．Will; going to D．Will; goes to 3．I am free this evening and I ________ watch cartoons on TV. A．am going to B．going to C．will to D．will going to 4．Look at the black clouds. I think it ________ soon. A．rains B．is going to rain C．to rain D．is raining 5．—Who ________ the students around the Palace Museum next Sunday? —I think Mr Green is. A．shows B．will show C．is showing D．is going to show 6．My parents ________ going to visit my grandparents this weekend. A．am B．is C．are D．be 7．The winter holiday is coming and they ________ a trip to Wuhan. A．taking B．takes C．are going to take D．took 8．—What is your plan for the coming weekend? —We ________ the panda called Hua Hua. A．are going to visit B．visit C．is going to visit D．visited 用所给词的适当形式填空 1．I am going (watch) a movie tonight. 2．Where are you going to (have) lunch tomorrow? 3．We (not watch) TV next Monday. 4．My parents (be) going to Beijing tomorrow. 5．—How are you going to be an astronaut? —I am going (study) science and maths hard. 6．—Is your father (play) basketball with you this Sunday morning?   —No, he isn’t. 按要求完成句子 1．Lucy is going to visit her friend tomorrow. (改成一般疑问句) 2．We are going to brush the shoes this evening. (改成否定句) 3．The students in Class Three have a field trip every month. (用next Sunday改写) 4．They are going to play chess this afternoon.（改为一般疑问句，并作出否定回答） — — 5．They are going to visit the Great Wall next Sunday. (划线部分提问) 6．We are going to hike on Mountain Green this weekend. (对划线部分提问) 不定式作宾语 1. 不定式的概念 动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种形式，在句中不能单独作谓语，可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等。它保留了动词的部分特征，既能带宾语、状语，也能被状语修饰。 2. 不定式的构成 (1) 带to的不定式 带to的不定式结构为“to+动词原型”，大多数不定式都是此结构。 如：He wants to be a teacher. 他想成为一名老师。 We decided to go to the beach. 我们决定去海滩。 (2) 有部分情况，不定式中to要省略，变成“动词原型”结构，即不带to的不定式。 · 使役动词make, let, have等后接宾语时用不带to的不定式 如：He always makes me clean the room. 他总是让我打扫房间。 · 感官动词see, watch, hear，notice等后接宾语时，强调动作全过程时用不带to的不定式 如：We often hear Lily sing in the room. 我们经常听到丽丽在房间唱歌。 3. 不定式的常用语法功能 (1) 作状语 如：We get up early to catch the early bus.我们早起是为了赶上早班车。 I am glad to see you again. 再次见到你，我很高兴。 (2) 作主语 如：To learn maths well is important.学好英语很重要。 (3) 作宾语 如：He hopes to meet her again. 他希望能再次见到她。 (4) 作表语 如：His goal is to pass the English exam. 他的目标是通过英语考试。 (5) 作定语 如：This is the best way to solve the problem. 这是解决问题的最佳方法。 (6) 作宾语补足语 如：Mom told me to go to bed. 妈妈叫我去睡觉。 4. 不定式作宾语的表意功能 (1) 不定式作宾语时，表达主语的“意愿、计划、企图、希望、决定”等心理活动或具体动作意图。 (2) 不定式作宾语时，谓语动词必须是及物动词。 (3) 常见后接不定式作宾语的及物动词有： want（想要），wish（希望），hope（希望），decide（决定），plan（计划），mean（打算）， agree（同意），promise（承诺），refuse（拒绝），need（需要），choose（选择），happen(碰巧)等。 如：He wants to buy a new car. 他想买一辆新车。 David promised to arrive here before 5 o’clock.大卫答应5点前到这儿。 (4) it作形式宾语 当不定式作宾语且后面接有宾语补足语时，为了避免句子结构头重脚轻，常用“it”作形式宾语，将真正的宾语不定式放在宾语补足语之后。 如：I find it interesting to learn maths. 我觉得学数学很有趣。 5. be going to 与want/hope/plan to do的区别 (1) be going to结构适用于表达已决定的有明确意图的未来行动。 如：We are going to go hiking this Sunday. 我们打算周日去徒步。 (2) want to do、hope to do、plan to do等则常用于表达愿望、计划和决定。 如：He hopes to be a teacher. 他希望成为一名教师。 [随学随练] 单项填空 1．—Please stay with me this weekend? —I’m sorry, but my father and I planned ________ Jiujiang a long time ago. A．visit B．visiting C．to visit D．visited 2．Alice feels lonely in her new school, so she hopes ________ some clubs to make new friends. A．join B．joining C．to join D．joined 3．I expected ________ my friend, but my car broke down on the way. A．meet B．to meet C．meeting D．meets 4．Lu Yao decides ________ hard at becoming a good mascot. A．works B．worked C．working D．to work 5．—Peter, would you like ________ fishing with me?     —Sorry, I have a lot of homework to do. A．going B．go C．to go D．goes 6．Some people think ________ a waste of time to watch short videos online. A．one B．it C．this D．that 7．—Our English teacher asks us ________ English every day. —So my mother made me ________ the English text for half an hour yesterday evening. A．read; to read B．read; reading C．to read; to read D．to read; read 8．The old lady is sick. Let’s go out and let her ________ a good rest. A．take B．taking C．to take D．took 用所给词的适当形式填空 1．I’d like (make) friends with Ella. 2．Mike can always make his mother (laugh). 3．Now let’s start (mash) the potatoes. 4．The student failed (answer) the difficult question during the exam. 5．We need (keep) our classroom clean. 6．I’m so happy my best friend again. (see) 7．I find it hard (remember) so many words. 8．Don’t forget (take)out the rubbish when you leave. 9．Tiantian hopes (design) a new type of plane. 10．I want (watch) the football game with my father. 2、 单元语法基础练习 1. 单项填空 (1) The students ________ the museum next month. A．visit B．visits C．visited D．are going to visit (2) —________ you ________ him tomorrow? —Yes, I am. A．Are; visiting B．Are; going to visit C．Do; visit D．Will; visit (3) —What’s your plan for the weekend?   —_______ A．I watch a film. B．I watched a film. C．I’m going to watch a film. D．I’m watching a film now. (4) —I ________ football after school in the playground. Do you want to come? —Sure. I’ll be there after school. A．play B．played C．am playing D．am going to play (5) —What are you saving money for? —Father’s Day is around the corner. I ________ a gift for my father. A．bought B．buy C．was buying D．am going to buy (6) My brother ________ a computer programmer when he ________ up. A．is; grows B．is going to be; will grow C．is going to be; grows D．will be; grew (7) You will fail ________ the train ticket if you don’t book it online early. A．buy B．buying C．to buy D．to buying (8) —What do you think of learning Chinese? —Actually, I find ______ hard to learn Chinese well in a short time. A．that B．one C．it D．this (9) I found ________ impossible ________ his mind. A．it; to change B．I’m; to change C．it’s; to change D．he’s; to change (10) They cleared away the snow on the street to make ________ safe for people ________ on. A．it; to walk B．it’s; to walk C．it; walking D．its; walking (11) My dream is ________ around the world one day. A．to travel B．travelling C．travel D．travelled (12) —Daniel, could you please share your good ways to study with me? —________ well, you need to have strong drive and good habits first. A．To learn B．Learn C．Learning D．To learning 2. 用所给词的适当形式填空，或填写适当的词使语法正确并且句意完整。 (1) —What’s your plan for the weekend, Helen? —I (visit) my grandparents in the countryside. (2) —What you (do) this Sunday? —I (go) swimming with my friend. (3) My father (not play) basketball with his friends next week. (4) She (take) some photos in the park tomorrow. (5) Mr Green (give) a talk to the students this afternoon, isn’t he? (6) (be) your classmates (play) computer games next Saturday? (7) —What you (be) in the future? —I’m going to be a scientist. (8) Don’t forget ________ (turn )off the light when you leave the classroom. (9) I meet a new friend in a new school. We are happy ________ each other. (10) Let the boy (not make) mistakes again, or his teacher will be angry. (11) We plan (visit) the famous art museum in Paris next summer vacation. (12) I don’t think it’s easy for her (learn) Chinese. (13) Some resolutions may be too difficult (keep), sometimes, people often forget (keep) them. (14) Tom hopes (create) a pen that can draw 3-D pictures on paper. 3. 改写句子 (1) She’s going to fly a kite this Sunday morning. (改为一般疑问句) (2) We are going to watch Nezha 2 tonight. (改为一般疑问句) (3) They have a basketball match every Sunday. (用next Sunday替换every Sunday改写句子) (4) Lily is going to study education. (变为否定句) (5) They are going to play tennis this afternoon. (改为否定句) (6) They are going to visit the History Museum. (改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答) — — (7) Tom is going to be a pilot when he grows up. (划线部分提问) (8) I’m going to play table tennis this Sunday. (对划线部分提问) (9) We’re going to go on a picnic next Sunday. (对画线部分提问) (10) John is going to play football tomorrow afternoon. (对划线部分提问) 4. 翻译句子或补全句子 (1) 英语日即将到来，我们不久将组织一次英语聚会。 English Day is coming, and we an English party soon. (2) 她打算每天早上练习说英语。 She English every morning. (3) —你打算读更多关于IT的书吗？ —是的。 — read more books about IT? —Yes, . (4) —你打算如何去做那件事？ —我将努力学习数学。 — you do that? —I’m going to at maths. (5) 爱丽丝打算长大了成为一名女演员。 Alice to be when she grows up. (6) 我打算开始一个新的爱好。（take up） (7) 他们打算拆除旧楼，在那儿建一座新的购物中心。 (8) 学生们打算参加一门劳动教育课程，学习如何种植蔬菜。(be going to) . (9) —你打算明年做什么？ —我打算吃更加健康的食品，取得更好的成绩。 — — (10) 你打算怎样成为一名作家？ 5. 情景运用 (1) A: ? B: I want to be an artist. (2) — ? —I am going to be a vet. I want to help sick animals. (3) A: Is she going to be a pilot? B: . She’ll be an artist. (4) —What are you going to be in the future? — . (5) A: What do you want to be in the future? B: . I like drawing very much. 3、 单元语法提升练习 1. 语法选择 The weekend is coming soon. My family are planning 1 exciting trip to Sanya. My father said, “ 2 beautiful the sea looks!” He is a good 3 and will teach us how to swim. My mother decides 4 all the hotel bookings online. She often says a good trip needs careful planning, 5 she spends a lot of time on it. This time, we won’t join a tour group, we just want to make the trip plan all by 6 . We will have a 7 holiday because we can stay at the beach for a long time. My sister is very young, but she 8 them with reading the map. My main job is 9 lots of photos. I hope there is 10 wrong and we can have a perfect vacation! 1．A．a B．an C．the 2．A．What B．What a C．How 3．A．swim B．swimming C．swimmer 4．A．to make B．make C．making 5．A．but B．so C．or 6．A．we B．our C．ourselves 7．A．happy B．happiness C．happily 8．A．help B．helped C．is going to help 9．A．take B．to take C．taking 10．A．something B．anything C．nothing 2. 语法填空 Hi, I am Jenny, a student in No.1 Middle School. Today I’d like to talk 1 dream jobs. What do you want to 2 (be) when you grow up? Most parents and teachers often ask 3 (we) this question. Some want to be engineers, some want to be 4 (piano) , and some want to be scientists. For me, I want to be a 5 (music) when I grow up. However, my parents want me to be a doctor to work in a hospital. I 6 (real) don’t like it. One day, I talked to my parents about my thought 7 they agreed that I could make my own decision . I also 8 (tell) them my plans. First I am going to study 9 (hard) than before and do my homework more carefully. Then I 10 (take) singing lessons. Finally I am going to exercise every day to keep healthy. 3. 阅读补全 John, Henry and Mills are good friends. The summer holiday is coming. 1 Let’s have a look at their plans. John likes playing basketball although he is not good at it. 2 It is interesting and relaxing for him to watch them and he hopes his favourite team will win the games. What about Henry? 3 They are going to visit the Palace Museum to learn something important. They will visit the Great Wall and take many photos with their cameras. 4 She doesn’t like to travel during vacations because there are so many people outside. She is going to do some housework with her parents, such as cleaning the floor and watering the flowers. She also plans to exercise every day because she wants to keep healthy. 5 They are all looking forward to their summer holiday. A．He is going to watch some basketball competitions. B．Mills is not going to other places on vacation. C．He decides to take a trip with his parents. D．Now they are planning to do something interesting during the holiday. E．They all hope to have a safe and wonderful holiday. 4. 阅读理解 A There are lots of jobs in the world. What kind of job are you going to do when you grow up? Here are our dream jobs. My name is Justin. I’m good at singing. I’m going to be a singer when I grow up. I’m going to write songs by myself. I’m going to sing my own songs. I’m also going to make some music albums (专辑). I think I will be famous. I will be popular among young people. My sister is going to be a fashion designer. She wants to make clothes for fashion shows and for people who want to look cool. My sister often draws pictures of fashion, but I don’t think the pictures are good. My brother wants to be a baker. He likes to bake cookies, cakes and other desserts. He is going to watch lots of baking and cooking shows and videos. His favorite show is called “Cake Boss”. 1．Justin is going to do some things EXCEPT ________. A．writing songs B．singing songs C．making films D．making albums 2．What is Justin’s sister going to be when she grows up? A．A singer. B．A baker. C．A dancer. D．A designer. 3．Justin thinks his sister’s painting of fashion is ________. A．good B．bad C．cool D．beautiful 4．After reading the passage, we can know “Cake Boss” is ________. A．a show B．a baker C．a cake shop D．a book 5．The passage mainly talks about ________. A．their favorite shows B．their favorite videos C．their dream jobs D．their good friends B Hello, my name is Linda. I will start my journey in junior high school. I’m really excited about this new chapter in my life. I know that junior high is a big step, so I want to plan my time well to make sure I succeed. I set some goals for myself. I want to be top in school. What’s more, I want to make new friends and enjoy my time at school. To achieve these goals, I will make a daily plan. I will plan time for homework, reading, playing sports and spending time with friends. This plan will help me remember something important. I want to join some clubs and out-of-class activities. I am interested in music, so I plan to join the school choir (合唱团). This will not only help me chase my dream but also make new friends. Sometimes, I feel overwhelmed with all the things I have to do. But I know that I can ask my teachers, parents and friends for help when I face problems. In short, I am looking forward to a successful junior high school life. By planning ahead and working hard, I am confident that I will achieve my goals. 1．What’s Linda’s main goal in planning her junior high school life? A．To have fun and make friends. B．To be top in school. C．To join some clubs. D．To play sports. 2．What does Linda do to achieve her goals? A．Join clubs and out-of-class activities. B．Join the school choir. C．Make a daily plan. D．Work hard every day. 3．What does the underlined word “overwhelmed” mean? A．不知所措的 B．轻松的 C．焦虑的 D．压不垮的 4．What can Linda always do when facing problems in junior high school? A．Ignore (忽略) them. B．Try to solve them by herself. C．Ask her teachers, parents and friends for help. D．Do nothing but wait. 5. 任务型阅读 Galante is a wildlife biologist studying animals that are nearly dying out. A reporter Daniels spoke with him about his job. Read part of their conversation below. Daniels: How old were you when you knew you wanted to be a biologist? Galante: For as long as I can remember, I knew I wanted to work with animals, or study animals, or just have anything to do with animals. But it wasn’t really until after graduating from college with a biology degree that I was like, “Oh, okay, I’m actually a biologist now.” Daniels: You’re able to travel all around the world. What are some of your favourite places that you have been to over the years? Galante: I’m very lucky with all the places I’ve got to go. Africa is always closest to my heart. You see elephants and lions and all these big animals. But my favorite place I’ve ever been is Palau (帕劳群岛). I was amazed by the underwater scene there. Daniels: What’s the best and most rewarding part of your job? Galante: The best and most rewarding part of my job is what we’re doing right now. It’s inspiring young people to care so much about wildlife. To tell you the truth, I love to travel and work with animals. But all of that can’t be compared to the most exciting and rewarding moment when I get an email from somebody like you. I’m so delighted to hear “I want to do that when I grow up.” And so that’s what makes it all worth it: inspiring the next generation of young people to protect our environment. 1．When did Galante become a biologist? 2．Why has Palau been Galante’s favourite place?   3．What does Galante want to encourage the young people to do?   4．What does the underlined words “all of that” refer to?   学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $