Unit 3 Food and Culture重点单词变形，语法，短语，句型练习-2025-2026学年高二英语人教版选择性必修第二册

Unit 3 Food and Culture 重点单词，短语，句型，语法练习 Ⅰ. 核心单词 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. _______________　　　n. 菜肴; 风味; 烹饪  2. _______________ n. 脾气 3. _______________ n. 品牌 4. _______________ n. 种类 5. _______________ n. 把戏; 诀窍 6. _______________ adj. 完美的 n. 理想 7. _______________ adj. 基础的　n. 基本规律 8. _______________ adj. 些许的; 谦虚的 9. _______________ adv. 稍微; 有点 10. _______________ adv. 总体上　adj. 全面的 Ⅱ. 拓展单词 1. consist vi. 组成→_______________ adj. 一致的; 连续的 2. consume vt. 消费; 消耗→_______________ n. 消费者→ _______________ n. 消耗 3. elegant adj. 优雅的 →_______________ n. 优雅 4. prior adj. 先前的; 优先的 →_______________ n. 优先权 5. stable adj. 稳定的; 稳重的 →_______________ n. 稳定性 6. except prep. 除了 →_______________ adj. 特别的; 罕见的 7. minimum adj最小的; 最低(限度)的 n. 最小值 →_______________ v. 最小化 8. associate v. 联系; 联想→_______________ n. 关联; 协会 9. moderate adj. 适度的; 合理的→_______________ n. 适度; 合理 III.核心短语 1. _______________　　　　 在……之前的  2. _______________ 由……组成(或构成)  3. _______________ 切下 4. _______________ 不管; 不顾  5. _______________ 把……联系起来 6. _______________ 查阅; 涉及; 指的是  7. _______________ 向某人推荐某物  8. _______________ 用……把某物填满  9. _______________ 组成; 编造; 化妆; 弥补  10. _______________ 大量  一、语法填空 1．Additionally, the （exception） Peking Opera performances there are also what you can’t miss. 2．All dancers looked so (elegance) as they moved slowly round the room. 3．However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting (consume). 4．Even though Britain has a reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine, it is producing more top class (chef) who appear frequently on our television screens and whose recipe books frequently top the best seller lists. 5．Remember, even world champion athletes practise their skills on a (consist) basis. 6． (help), we watched the house being destroyed before our eyes. 7．I won’t have you playing (trick) on your classmates. 8．Prior to participating in the activity, my father reminded me to be in (associate) with those thinking positively. 9．It is our responsibility to make (contribute) to our motherland. 10．Language is something that (fundamental) distinguishes humans from animals. 11．TV is not necessarily harmful, but it is something that has to be done in (moderate). 12．My brother bought a large quantity of (book) on his birthday. 13．Soon after the quakes, a rescue team (consist)of more than 10,000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care. 14．He accepted the award with characteristic . (modest). 15．It’s a very (trick) problem, but I think there are a number of things you can do. 16．The verbs were subdivided into transitive and intransitive (category). 17．A vegetarian diet may not provide enough (calorie) for a child’s normal growth. 18．It’s normal for puppies and dogs (chew) on objects as they explore the world. 19．The system works (stable) in practice to improve product efficiency. 20．A (vegetable) diet may not provide enough calories for a child's normal growth. 语法填空 Can drinking water contribute to 21 (lose) weight? Some small studies have found that drinking water before meals 22 (regular) can help certain groups of people lose weight. The idea is 23 water makes your stomach feel full, and therefore, you eat less. However, there are many conflicting studies on 24 topic. For example, one paper found that drinking up to 500 ml of water 30 minutes before a meal led to weight loss in a group of young men, but another paper found that the method did not work for younger people in the study — only the older ones. In a 2013 study 25 (publish) in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition,  researchers surveyed four electronic databases. Only three studies suggested that increased water 26 (consume) could lead to weight loss if it’s part of a diet program, and work for people who 27 (diet). In the study, researchers asked more than 300 overweight individuals 28 (replace) beverages (饮料) with water for 6 months and found the subjects’ weight could 29 (reduce) by an average of 2 to 2.5%. They concluded that drinking water cannot help with weight loss unless it replaces sugary 30 (drink) like soda and sweet juices. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Australian cuisine reflects the country’s unique geography, with a focus on red meat like kangaroo and plentiful seafood. Barbecues, or “barbies”, are a 31 (culture) cornerstone, bringing people together over mixed grills (烧烤). However, Australia’s food scene has also been deeply influenced by Chinese immigration (移民) since the 1800s. Chinese cuisine, adapted to local tastes, 32 (be) now one of Australia’s most popular cuisines. Early Chinese immigrants, many 33 Guangdong, married time-honored techniques with 34 (local) sourced foods, creating dishes like sweet and sour pork and dim sim — a 35 (fry) dumpling invented in Melbourne. While these adaptations appealed to Western 36 (preference), traditional Chinese dishes like congee and BBQ suckling pig also maintained strong popularity. Today, Chinese-Australian chefs like Victor Liang 37 (modern) these traditions, exploring regional Chinese flavors. Supermarkets now supply traditional Chinese provisions, while 38 tradition of shared-table dining has left its mark on Australian 39 (eat) habits. From Sydney’s fish markets to suburban barbecues, the interplay between Australian 40 Chinese flavors celebrates diversity, proving that food can bridge cultures deliciously. 二、单词拼写 41．I was extremely inspired by the (文雅的) way the words sounded. 42．Moreover, each of us needs to (消耗) at least 5 litres of water per day. 43．I love this bread. How did you make it? Can you give me the (食谱)? 44．We ordered a lot of dishes, such as fried rice and (甜椒) with beef. 45．Costs should be kept to a (最小值). 46．They firmly believe that color is (基本的) in home design. 47．For (甜食) we have fruit, cakes and apple pie after dinner. 48．For one thing, the (全面的) development over the past decades has been so striking that they are eager to pay a visit to China. 49．I think Mr. Smith is the (理想的) person to do this job. 50．The surroundings in the (食堂) have also been improved. 51．He had a terrible (脾气), and sometimes he would completely lose control. 52．The wine made him (大胆自信的) enough to approach her. 53．The (稳定的) situation of our country today was hard won. 54．He should have gone earlier, but he had (忽略) the pain so that he could continue racing. 55．Can I help you? We have many (品牌) and styles here. 三、完成句子 56．大家都知道，生活中不仅有阳光，还有风雨。 It is universally acknowledged that life 57． we sat down, the waiter brought us menus. 我们一坐下，服务员就给我们送来了菜单。 58． you arrive, your table . 等你到达的时候，你的餐桌将会已经准备好。 59．我发现林巧稚把毕生都奉献给了病人。 I discovered that Lin Qiaozhi’s whole life had been her patients. 60．参加开幕式的观众主要由青少年组成。 The audience of the opening ceremony mainly teenagers. 61．以往，漓江的水质因游客量的增长遭到了严重破坏，一些游客频繁将垃圾投入江中。 Previously, water quality in the Li River had an increasing volume of tourists, many of whom frequently threw garbage into the river. 62．不顾他们缺乏烹饪经验的事实，双胞胎仍然满怀期待地为妈妈准备一顿特别的早餐。 , the twins still prepared an exceptional breakfast for their mother with great expectations. 63．那个顽皮的男孩捉弄那个害羞的女孩，女孩发脾气了，她气得两颊通红。 The naughty boy , who lost her temper, her cheeks flaming with anger. 64．肌肉是由两种不同的蛋白质组成的。 Muscle two different types of protein. 65．John Snow suspected that water was to blame for the disease, so he to look for proof. 约翰·斯诺怀疑水是导致疾病的罪魁祸首，所以他开始寻找证据。 $ Unit 3 Food and Culture 重点单词，短语，句型，语法练习 Ⅰ. 核心单词 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. cuisine 　　　n. 菜肴; 风味; 烹饪  2. temper n. 脾气 3. brand n. 品牌 4. category n. 种类 5. trick n. 把戏; 诀窍 6. ideal adj. 完美的 n. 理想; 完美的人(或事物) 7. fundamental adj. 基础的　n. 基本规律 8. modest adj. 些许的; 谦虚的 9. somewhat adv. 稍微; 有点 10. overall adv. 总体上　adj. 全面的 Ⅱ. 拓展单词 1. consist vi. 组成→consistent adj. 一致的; 连续的 2. consume vt. 消费; 消耗→consumer n. 消费者→ consumption n. 消耗 3. elegant adj. 优雅的 →elegance n. 优雅 4. prior adj. 先前的; 优先的 →priority n. 优先权 5. stable adj. 稳定的; 稳重的 →stability n. 稳定性 6. except prep. 除了 →exceptional adj. 特别的; 罕见的 7. minimum adj最小的; 最低(限度)的 n. 最小值 →minimize v. 最小化 8. associate v. 联系; 联想→association n. 关联; 协会 9. moderate adj. 适度的; 合理的→moderation n. 适度; 合理 III.核心短语 1. prior to　　　　 在……之前的  2. consist of 由……组成(或构成)  3. slice. . . off 切下 4. regardless of 不管; 不顾  5. relate. . . to  把……联系起来 6. refer to 查阅; 涉及; 指的是  7. recommend sth. to sb. 向某人推荐某物  8. stuff sth. with. . . 用……把某物填满  9. make up  组成; 编造; 化妆; 弥补  10. quantities of 大量  一、语法填空 1．Additionally, the （exception） Peking Opera performances there are also what you can’t miss. 【答案】exceptional 【详解】考查形容词。句意：此外，那里精彩的京剧表演也是不容错过的精彩看点。空处应用形容词，作定语修饰名词短语Peking Opera perfomances；exceptional为形容词，表示“杰出的、卓越的”，符合句意。故填exceptional。 2．All dancers looked so (elegance) as they moved slowly round the room. 【答案】elegant 【详解】考查形容词。句意：所有的舞者在房间里缓缓旋转时都显得如此优雅。设空处作系动词looked的表语，且空前有副词so修饰，故应填形容词elegant。故填elegant。 3．However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting (consume). 【答案】consumers 【详解】考查名词。句意：然而，一些高糖品牌，如经典可口可乐，已经接受了糖税，并且由于担心惹恼消费者而拒绝做出改变。此处作介词of的宾语，用名词consumer“消费者”，作宾语，消费者不止一个，用复数形式。故填consumers。 4．Even though Britain has a reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine, it is producing more top class (chef) who appear frequently on our television screens and whose recipe books frequently top the best seller lists. 【答案】chefs 【详解】考查名词。句意：尽管英国食物不那么令人印象深刻，但英国正在培养更多的顶级厨师，他们经常出现在我们的电视屏幕上，其食谱经常位居畅销书榜首。chef在句中作宾语，可数名词，由more修饰结合句意用复数。故填chefs。 5．Remember, even world champion athletes practise their skills on a (consist) basis. 【答案】consistent 【详解】考查形容词。句意：记住，即使是世界冠军运动员也会在一致的基础上练习他们的技能。此处需要使用形容词作定语，修饰名词“basis”，“consist”形容词形式为“consistent”。故填consistent。 6． (help), we watched the house being destroyed before our eyes. 【答案】Helpless 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们无助地看着房子在我们眼前被摧毁。分析句子结构可知，逗号后面是一个完整的句子，逗号前面没有连词，所以此处应填一个词来作状语修饰整个句子。结合句意，用形容词helpless，意为“无助的”，作状语，表示主语 we所处的状态。故填Helpless。 7．I won’t have you playing (trick) on your classmates. 【答案】tricks 【详解】考查名词。句意：我不允许你捉弄你的同学。trick“捉弄，诡计”为可数名词，设空处填名词复数形式，短语play tricks on表示“捉弄……”符合句意，故填tricks。 8．Prior to participating in the activity, my father reminded me to be in (associate) with those thinking positively. 【答案】association 【详解】考查名词。句意：在参加活动之前，我的父亲提醒我要和那些积极思考的人交往。空处应填名词作in的宾语，association“联系”，in association with“与……合作；与……有关联”，故填association。 9．It is our responsibility to make (contribute) to our motherland. 【答案】contributions 【详解】考查名词。句意：为祖国作出贡献是我们的责任。根据句意及英文提示可知，此处使用名词contribution“贡献”，为可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用复数形式，作make的宾语。故填contributions。 10．Language is something that (fundamental) distinguishes humans from animals. 【答案】fundamentally 【详解】考查副词。句意：语言从根本上把人类和动物区别开来。此处修饰动词distinguishes，应用副词fundamentally“从根本上”，作状语。故填fundamentally。 11．TV is not necessarily harmful, but it is something that has to be done in (moderate). 【答案】moderation 【详解】考查名词。句意：电视不一定有害，但看电视要有节制。分析句子，设空处使用moderate的名词moderation作介词in的宾语，意为“适度，节制”，不可数名词。故填moderation。 12．My brother bought a large quantity of (book) on his birthday. 【答案】books 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：我哥哥生日那天买了大量的书。book“书”，可数名词，前面由a large quantity of修饰，应用名词复数形式。故填books。 13．Soon after the quakes, a rescue team (consist)of more than 10,000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care. 【答案】consisting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：地震发生后不久，一支由1万多名医生和护士组成的救援队赶来提供医疗救治。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词came，此处的consist应用非谓语形式，a rescue team和consist of之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作定语。故填 consisting。 14．He accepted the award with characteristic . (modest). 【答案】modesty 【详解】考查名词。句意：他以他特有的谦虚领奖。分析句子结构可知，空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词，modest的名词形式是modesty。故填modesty。 15．It’s a very (trick) problem, but I think there are a number of things you can do. 【答案】tricky 【详解】考查形容词。句意：那是个非常棘手的问题，但我想有几样事你是可以做到的。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要形容词tricky作定语，意为“棘手的”，修饰后面的名词problem。故填tricky。 16．The verbs were subdivided into transitive and intransitive (category). 【答案】categories 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：动词又被细分为及物动词和不及物动词。空前有transitive and intransitive修饰，设空处应用名词复数categories，作into的宾语。故填categories。 17．A vegetarian diet may not provide enough (calorie) for a child’s normal growth. 【答案】calories 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：素食可能不能为孩子的正常生长提供足够的热量。enough后可接名词复数，设空处应用calories，作动词provide的宾语。故填calories。 18．It’s normal for puppies and dogs (chew) on objects as they explore the world. 【答案】to chew 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：小狗在探索世界时咀嚼物体是很正常的。It is +adj. + for sb. +to do sth.是固定句型，it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。故填to chew。 19．The system works (stable) in practice to improve product efficiency. 【答案】stably 【详解】考查副词。句意：该系统在实际应用中运行稳定，提高了生产效率。 根据句意和所给形容词stable以及空格前的动词work分析句子可知，空格处应该填入stable的副词形式stably作状语，修饰前面的动词work。故填stably。 20．A (vegetable) diet may not provide enough calories for a child's normal growth. 【答案】vegetarian 【详解】考查形容词。句意：素食可能不能为孩子的正常生长提供足够的热量。由空后diet为名词可知，此处为形容词vegetarian“素食的”作定语修饰该名词，满足句意要求。故填vegetarian。 语法填空 Can drinking water contribute to 21 (lose) weight? Some small studies have found that drinking water before meals 22 (regular) can help certain groups of people lose weight. The idea is 23 water makes your stomach feel full, and therefore, you eat less. However, there are many conflicting studies on 24 topic. For example, one paper found that drinking up to 500 ml of water 30 minutes before a meal led to weight loss in a group of young men, but another paper found that the method did not work for younger people in the study — only the older ones. In a 2013 study 25 (publish) in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition,  researchers surveyed four electronic databases. Only three studies suggested that increased water 26 (consume) could lead to weight loss if it’s part of a diet program, and work for people who 27 (diet). In the study, researchers asked more than 300 overweight individuals 28 (replace) beverages (饮料) with water for 6 months and found the subjects’ weight could 29 (reduce) by an average of 2 to 2.5%. They concluded that drinking water cannot help with weight loss unless it replaces sugary 30 (drink) like soda and sweet juices. 【答案】 21．losing 22．regularly 23．that 24．the 25．published 26．consumption 27．were dieting 28．to replace 29．be reduced 30．drinks 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要引用多种研究论述了喝水是否有助于减肥这一话题。研究结果显示，只有用喝水代替喝饮料才能够帮助减肥。 21．考查非谓语动词。句意：喝水有助于减肥吗？contribute to意为“有助于，促成”，其中to为介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。lose的动名词为losing，意为“减肥”。故填losing。 22．考查副词。句意：一些小研究发现，经常在饭前喝水可以帮助某些群体的人减肥。空处修饰动短语drinking water，应用副词regularly作状语，意为“经常地，定期地”。故填regularly。 23．考查表语从句。句意：这个想法是水让你的胃感到饱，因此你吃得少了。is后为表语从句，从句成分完整，且不缺少含义，应用that引导，that在从句中无具体含义，只起连接作用，且不能省略。故填that。 24．考查冠词。句意：然而，关于这个话题有很多相互矛盾的研究。topic为可数名词，此处表特指，应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。 25．考查非谓语动词。句意：在2013年发表在美国临床营养杂志上的一项研究中，研究人员调查了四个电子数据库。句中surveyed为谓语动词，publish在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语study构成被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填published。 26．考查名词。句意：只有三项研究表明，如果增加饮水量是饮食计划的一部分，那么它可能导致减肥，并对正在节食的人有效。空处应填名词，在that引导的从句中作主语，consume的名词为consumption，意为“消耗，消费”。故填consumption。 27．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：只有三项研究表明，如果增加饮水量是饮食计划的一部分，那么它可能导致减肥，并对正在节食的人有效。空处为从句的谓语动词，此处描述过去正在发生的动作，故使用过去进行时；从句主语who指代先行词people，为复数形式，be动词应用were。故填were dieting。 28．考查非谓语动词。句意：在这项研究中，研究人员要求300多名超重者用水代替饮料6个月，发现受试者体重平均减轻了2%至2.5%。ask sb to do sth意为“要求某人做某事”，为固定搭配。故填to replace。 29．考查动词时态和语态。句意：在这项研究中，研究人员要求300多名超重者用水代替饮料6个月，发现受试者体重平均减轻了2%至2.5%。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，主语the subjects’ weight与reduce构成被动关系，且could后跟动词原形，构成含有情态动词的被动语态。故填be reduced。 30．考查名词复数。句意：他们得出结论，喝水并不能帮助减肥，除非它取代了含糖饮料，如苏打水和甜果汁。drink意为“饮料”，为可数名词，此处应用复数形式表泛指，作宾语。故填drinks。 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Australian cuisine reflects the country’s unique geography, with a focus on red meat like kangaroo and plentiful seafood. Barbecues, or “barbies”, are a 31 (culture) cornerstone, bringing people together over mixed grills (烧烤). However, Australia’s food scene has also been deeply influenced by Chinese immigration (移民) since the 1800s. Chinese cuisine, adapted to local tastes, 32 (be) now one of Australia’s most popular cuisines. Early Chinese immigrants, many 33 Guangdong, married time-honored techniques with 34 (local) sourced foods, creating dishes like sweet and sour pork and dim sim — a 35 (fry) dumpling invented in Melbourne. While these adaptations appealed to Western 36 (preference), traditional Chinese dishes like congee and BBQ suckling pig also maintained strong popularity. Today, Chinese-Australian chefs like Victor Liang 37 (modern) these traditions, exploring regional Chinese flavors. Supermarkets now supply traditional Chinese provisions, while 38 tradition of shared-table dining has left its mark on Australian 39 (eat) habits. From Sydney’s fish markets to suburban barbecues, the interplay between Australian 40 Chinese flavors celebrates diversity, proving that food can bridge cultures deliciously. 【答案】 31．cultural 32．is 33．from 34．locally 35．fried 36．preferences 37．modernize 38．the 39．eating 40．and 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了澳大利亚美食的独特之处，它融合了本土特色与中国移民带来的风味，展现了文化的多样性与融合，彰显了美食作为文化桥梁的魅力。 31．考查形容词。句意：烧烤，或称“barbies”，是一种文化基石，让人们聚在一起享用各种烧烤美食。修饰名词cornerstone应用culture的形容词形式cultural作定语，意为“文化的”。故填cultural。 32．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：适应了当地口味的中国菜，现在是澳大利亚最受欢迎的菜系之一。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少谓语动词，根据句意及时间状语now可知，此处表示一般事实，应用一般现在时，且主语Chinese cuisine为第三人称单数，be动词应用is。故填is。 33．考查介词。句意：早期的中国移民，许多来自广东，将悠久的技艺与当地采购的食材结合起来，创造出了糖醋排骨和“dim sim”等菜肴 —— “dim sim”是一种在墨尔本发明的油炸饺子。根据句意可知，此处表示“来自广东”，应用介词from表示“来自……”。故填from。 34．考查副词。句意：同上。修饰分词化的形容词sourced应用local的副词形式locally作状语，locally sourced foods表示“当地采购的食材”。故填locally。 35．考查形容词。句意：同上。修饰名词dumpling应用fry分词化的形容词fried作定语，意为“油炸的”。故填fried。 36．考查名词复数。句意：虽然这些改良迎合了西方人的喜好，但像粥和烤乳猪这样的传统中国菜肴也依然非常受欢迎。preference为可数名词，根据语境可知，此处泛指西方人的各种喜好，应用其复数形式。故填preferences。 37．考查动词。句意：如今，像Victor Liang这样的华裔澳大利亚厨师使这些传统现代化，探索中国各地区的风味。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少谓语动词，根据时间状语Today可知，此处表示现在的动作或状态，应用一般现在时，且主语chefs为复数，所以用动词原形modernize，意为“使现代化；使现代化改造”。故填modernize。 38．考查冠词。句意：超市现在供应传统的中国食品，而共享餐桌的传统也在澳大利亚的饮食习惯上留下了印记。此处“tradition of shared-table dining”是特指的一种传统，应用定冠词the修饰限定。故填the。 39．考查动名词。句意：同上。eating habits为固定表达，意为“饮食习惯”，所以此处应用eat的动名词形式作定语。故填eating。 40．考查连词。句意：从悉尼的鱼市场到郊区的烧烤，澳大利亚风味和中国风味的相互作用彰显了多样性，证明食物可以美味地连接不同文化。Australian和Chinese之间为并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。 二、单词拼写 41．I was extremely inspired by the (文雅的) way the words sounded. 【答案】elegant 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这些词的优美发音给了我极大的启发。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词elegant，修饰名词way，作定语。故填elegant。 42．Moreover, each of us needs to (消耗) at least 5 litres of water per day. 【答案】consume 【详解】考查动词。句意：此外，我们每个人每天至少需要消耗5升水。根据汉语提示可知，consume“消耗”，动词，空前的to是不定式符号，故空处用动词原形，故填consume。 43．I love this bread. How did you make it? Can you give me the (食谱)? 【答案】recipe 【详解】考查名词。句意：我喜欢这种面包。你是怎么做到的？你能把食谱给我吗？根据汉语提示可知，recipe“食谱”，可数名词，此处特指“面包的食谱”，应用名词单数形式，在句中作宾语，故填recipe。 44．We ordered a lot of dishes, such as fried rice and (甜椒) with beef. 【答案】peppers 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们点了很多菜，比如炒饭和牛肉甜椒。根据汉语提示可知，pepper“甜椒”，可数名词，此处应用复数形式，故填peppers。 45．Costs should be kept to a (最小值). 【答案】minimum 【详解】考查名词。句意：费用应控制在最低限度。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作宾语，根据提示的汉语，表示“最小值”应为minimum，且空前有不定冠词a，所以此处使用单数形式。故填minimum。 46．They firmly believe that color is (基本的) in home design. 【答案】fundamental 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们坚信色彩是家居设计的基础。根据汉语提示可知应用形容词fundamental，作表语。故填fundamental。 47．For (甜食) we have fruit, cakes and apple pie after dinner. 【答案】desserts/dessert 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们晚饭后吃甜食，有水果、蛋糕和苹果派。“甜食”为名词dessert，作宾语，既可以作可数名词，也可以作不可数名词，作不可数名词时，用dessert，作可数名词时，前面无冠词，应用复数形式表示泛指。故填dessert(s)。 48．For one thing, the (全面的) development over the past decades has been so striking that they are eager to pay a visit to China. 【答案】overall 【详解】考查形容词。句意：一方面，过去几十年的整体发展是如此引人注目，以至于他们渴望访问中国。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词development，“全面的”的形容词是overall。故填overall。 49．I think Mr. Smith is the (理想的) person to do this job. 【答案】ideal 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我认为史密斯先生是做这项工作的理想人选。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词ideal，作定语，修饰名词person。故填ideal。 50．The surroundings in the (食堂) have also been improved. 【答案】canteen 【详解】考查名词。句意：食堂的环境也得到了改善。“食堂”是canteen，此处指的是一个食堂，因此空格处用单数，故填canteen。 51．He had a terrible (脾气), and sometimes he would completely lose control. 【答案】temper 【详解】考查名词。句意：他脾气很坏，有时会完全失控。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查“脾气”对应的名词temper，作宾语。故填temper。 52．The wine made him (大胆自信的) enough to approach her. 【答案】bold 【详解】考查形容词。句意：酒使他大胆地走近她。根据句子结构及汉语提示可知，空处应填形容词bold“大胆自信的”作宾语补足语。故填bold。 53．The (稳定的) situation of our country today was hard won. 【答案】stable 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我国今天的稳定局面来之不易。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作定语，修饰名词，表示“稳定的”用stable。故填stable。 54．He should have gone earlier, but he had (忽略) the pain so that he could continue racing. 【答案】ignored 【详解】考查动词。句意：他本来应该早些去的，但是为了能够继续参加比赛，他故意不去理会疼痛。根据空后的the pain和汉语提示，这里应用及物动词ignore。空前有助动词had，且ignore与主语he是主动关系，故这里应用动词的过去分词形式，构成过去完成时的主动式。故填ignored。 55．Can I help you? We have many (品牌) and styles here. 【答案】brands 【详解】考查名词。句意：我能帮助你吗？我们这里有很多品牌和款式。根据汉语提示可知，空处应用名词brand，表示“品牌”，空前由many修饰，所以名词应用复数形式brands，与styles并列，作动词have的宾语。故填brands。 三、完成句子 56．大家都知道，生活中不仅有阳光，还有风雨。 It is universally acknowledged that life 【答案】consists of not only sunshine but also storms 【详解】考查动词短语和句型。此处结合句意表示“由……组成”短语为consist of，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为life，谓语用三单形式；表示“不仅……而且……”句型为not only…but also…；表示“阳光”用名词sunshine；表示“风雨”用复数名词storms。故填consists of not only sunshine but also storms。 57． we sat down, the waiter brought us menus. 我们一坐下，服务员就给我们送来了菜单。 【答案】The moment 【详解】考查连词。根据中文提示，表示“一……就……”可用the moment，为连词，引导时间状语从句，且句首时首字母应大写。故填The moment。 58． you arrive, your table . 等你到达的时候，你的餐桌将会已经准备好。 【答案】 By the time will have been prepared 【详解】考查状语从句和时态。根据中英文提示，空格处意为“在……的时候”，应使用短语by the time引导时间状语从句，从句是一般现在时表示将来，主句描述的是将来某个时间点之前已经完成的动作，使用将来完成时，结构为“will have + 过去分词”，“准备”译为prepare，与主语table是被动关系，故用被动语态。句首字母大写，故填①By the time②will have been prepared。 59．我发现林巧稚把毕生都奉献给了病人。 I discovered that Lin Qiaozhi’s whole life had been her patients. 【答案】 devoted to 【详解】根据给出句子，需对“奉献”进行翻译，结合所学短语，“献身于.....”因用短语“be devoted to”,林巧稚把生活的全部献给了他的病人，用过去完成时had been devoted to,故填devoted 和to. 60．参加开幕式的观众主要由青少年组成。 The audience of the opening ceremony mainly teenagers. 【答案】 consisted of 【详解】考查固定搭配。根据句意可知，本空缺少部分的汉语为“由…组成”，即固定短语“consist of”，根据句子的语境可知，本空要用一般过去时，因此填 consisted of。 61．以往，漓江的水质因游客量的增长遭到了严重破坏，一些游客频繁将垃圾投入江中。 Previously, water quality in the Li River had an increasing volume of tourists, many of whom frequently threw garbage into the river. 【答案】 suffered greatly from 【详解】考查动词短语、副词和过去完成时。表示“遭受”应用动词短语suffer from，表示“严重地”应用副词greatly。根据had可知，此处应用过去完成时。故填①suffered②greatly③from。 62．不顾他们缺乏烹饪经验的事实，双胞胎仍然满怀期待地为妈妈准备一顿特别的早餐。 , the twins still prepared an exceptional breakfast for their mother with great expectations. 【答案】Regardless of the fact that they lacked cooking experience 【详解】考查短语、同位语从句和时态。表示“不顾……的事实”短语为regardless of the fact that…，that引导同位语从句；从句主语为they；表示“缺乏”应用动词lack，表示“烹饪经验”短语为cooking experience，根据后文prepared可知为一般过去时。首字母大写。故填Regardless of the fact that they lacked cooking experience。 63．那个顽皮的男孩捉弄那个害羞的女孩，女孩发脾气了，她气得两颊通红。 The naughty boy , who lost her temper, her cheeks flaming with anger. 【答案】played a trick/tricks on the shy girl 【详解】考查短语和时态。表示“捉弄”短语为play a trick/tricks on sb.；表示“害羞的女孩”短语为the shy girl。根据后文lost可知为一般过去时。 故填played a trick/tricks on the shy girl。 64．肌肉是由两种不同的蛋白质组成的。 Muscle two different types of protein. 【答案】is composed of/consists of/is made up of 【详解】考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“由……组成”，是固定短语be composed of/consist of/be made up of，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语Muscle在此处是不可数名词，因此be动词用is，consist用第三人称单数consists，因此空格处是is composed of/consists of/is made up of。故填is composed of/consists of/is made up of。 65．John Snow suspected that water was to blame for the disease, so he to look for proof. 约翰·斯诺怀疑水是导致疾病的罪魁祸首，所以他开始寻找证据。 【答案】set out 【详解】考查固定短语、时态。由所给句意可知，空格处应表达“开始”，故用固定短语set out。根据suspected可知事情发生在过去，故so后的句子时态用一般过去时，本空用过去式。故填set out。 $