Unit 5 Humans and Nature 词汇笔记知识清单-2025-2026学年高中英语北师大版(2019)必修第二册

2025-11-28
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学段 高中
学科 英语
教材版本 高中英语北师大版必修第二册
年级 高一
章节 Unit 5 Humans and Nature
类型 学案-知识清单
知识点 -
使用场景 同步教学-单元练习
学年 2025-2026
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 DOCX
文件大小 64 KB
发布时间 2025-11-28
更新时间 2026-03-01
作者 匿名
品牌系列 -
审核时间 2025-11-28
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价格 1.00储值(1储值=1元)
来源 学科网

摘要:

该高中英语单元词汇同步笔记系统梳理了北师大版必修2 Unit 5“人与自然”主题词汇,涵盖自然灾害、生态环境、动植物保护等核心范畴,为学生搭建了从词形变化、派生词积累到核心考点应用的递进式学习支架。 清单以主题分类和考点分级构建知识体系,如将“disaster”“flood”等归为自然灾害类,标注“natural disaster”“be flooded with”等核心考点,培养学生语言能力和思维品质。每个词汇配备派生词拓展(如disaster-derivative disastrous)和主题例句(如“保护濒危野生动植物”),设计“核心考点+语境应用”双栏结构,帮助学生高效记忆与灵活运用。教师可直接用于词汇教学与检测,学生能自主梳理知识,提升学习效率。

内容正文:

北师大版 必修 2 Unit 5 HUMAN AND NATURE. 词汇同步笔记 序号 单词 词形变化 派生词 核心考点 例句 1 disaster n. 灾难;灾祸 复数:disasters disastrous adj. 灾难性的;disaster-stricken adj. 受灾的 1. natural disaster(自然灾害)2. cause a disaster(引发灾难) Earthquakes and floods are common natural disasters.(地震和洪水是常见的自然灾害。) 2 flood n. 洪水,水灾 复数:floods;动词过去式/过去分词:flooded flood vt. 淹没;flooding n. 洪水泛滥 1. flash flood(山洪暴发)2. be flooded with(被……淹没) The village was flooded after three days of heavy rain.(连续三天大雨后,这个村庄被洪水淹没了。) 3 drought n. 旱灾,干旱 复数:droughts drought-stricken adj. 遭受旱灾的 1. severe drought(严重旱灾)2. suffer from drought(遭受干旱) The region has been suffering from a severe drought for months.(这个地区已经遭受严重旱灾好几个月了。) 4 hurricane n. 飓风 复数:hurricanes 无 1. hurricane warning(飓风警报)2. hit by a hurricane(遭受飓风袭击) A powerful hurricane destroyed many houses along the coast.(一场强飓风摧毁了沿海的许多房屋。) 5 landslide n. 滑坡;塌方 复数:landslides 无 1. mud landslide(泥石流)2. cause a landslide(引发滑坡) Heavy rain triggered a landslide on the mountain road.(大雨引发了山路滑坡。) 6 volcanic adj. 火山的;由火山作用引起的 无比较级/最高级 volcano n. 火山;eruption n. 爆发 1. volcanic eruption(火山爆发)2. volcanic ash(火山灰) The volcanic eruption forced thousands of people to evacuate.(火山爆发迫使数千人撤离。) 7 eruption n. 爆发 复数:eruptions erupt vi. 爆发;eruptive adj. 爆发的 1. volcanic eruption(火山爆发)2. eruption of anger(怒火爆发) Scientists predicted the eruption of the volcano in advance.(科学家提前预测了这座火山的爆发。) 8 wildlife n. 野生动植物,野生物 无复数 wild adj. 野生的;wildlife protection 野生动物保护 1. protect wildlife(保护野生动植物)2. wildlife reserve(野生动物保护区) We should take action to protect endangered wildlife.(我们应该采取行动保护濒危野生动植物。) 9 comment n. 评论;意见 复数:comments;动词过去式/过去分词:commented comment vi. 评论;commentary n. 评论 1. make a comment(发表评论)2. comment on(对……评论) She refused to make any comment on the environmental issue.(她拒绝对这个环境问题发表任何评论。) 10 crowded adj. 拥挤的;挤满人的 比较级:more crowded;最高级:most crowded crowd n. 人群;crowd vt. 挤满 1. crowded street(拥挤的街道)2. be crowded with(挤满……) The subway is always crowded during rush hour.(地铁在高峰时段总是很拥挤。) 11 landscape n. 风景,景色 复数:landscapes landscape vt. 美化;landscaper n. 景观设计师 1. natural landscape(自然景观)2. beautiful landscape(美丽的景色) The mountain area boasts magnificent natural landscapes.(这个山区拥有壮丽的自然景观。) 12 living adj. 活的,活着的 比较级:more living;最高级:most living;复数:livings(生计) live vi. 居住;life n. 生命 1. living things(生物)2. living environment(生存环境) Water and air are essential for all living things.(水和空气对所有生物都是必不可少的。) 13 weed n. 野草;海藻 复数:weeds;动词过去式/过去分词:weeded weed vt. 除草;weedy adj. 多杂草的 1. pull weeds(拔草)2. aquatic weeds(水草) Farmers spend a lot of time pulling weeds in the fields.(农民们花很多时间在田里拔草。) 14 deer n. 鹿 复数:deer(单复数同形) 无 1. wild deer(野鹿)2. a herd of deer(一群鹿) We spotted a herd of deer while hiking in the forest.(我们在森林徒步时看到了一群鹿。) 15 insect n. 昆虫 复数:insects insecticide n. 杀虫剂;insectivorous adj. 食虫的 1. harmful insect(害虫)2. beneficial insect(益虫) Bees and butterflies are important beneficial insects.(蜜蜂和蝴蝶是重要的益虫。) 16 whale n. 鲸 复数:whales whale-watching n. 观鲸;whaler n. 捕鲸人 1. blue whale(蓝鲸)2. protect whales(保护鲸鱼) Blue whales are the largest animals on Earth.(蓝鲸是地球上最大的动物。) 17 dolphin n. 海豚 复数:dolphins 无 1. bottle-nosed dolphin(宽吻海豚)2. intelligent dolphin(聪明的海豚) Dolphins are known for their high intelligence and friendliness.(海豚以其高智商和友善而闻名。) 18 shark n. 鲨(鱼) 复数:sharks shark-infested adj. 有鲨鱼出没的 1. great white shark(大白鲨)2. shark attack(鲨鱼袭击) Swimmers are warned of shark attacks in this coastal area.(游泳者被警告该沿海地区有鲨鱼袭击风险。) 19 kangaroo n. 袋鼠 复数:kangaroos 无 1. red kangaroo(红袋鼠)2. Australian kangaroo(澳大利亚袋鼠) Kangaroos are unique animals native to Australia.(袋鼠是澳大利亚特有的动物。) 20 eagle n. 鹰 复数:eagles eagle-eyed adj. 目光敏锐的 1. bald eagle(白头海雕)2. soar like an eagle(像鹰一样翱翔) The eagle spread its wings and soared into the sky.(鹰展开翅膀,翱翔天际。) 21 fox n. 狐狸 复数:foxes foxy adj. 狡猾的;fox-like adj. 像狐狸的 1. red fox(赤狐)2. as cunning as a fox(像狐狸一样狡猾) The fox ran quickly into the forest to escape predators.(狐狸迅速跑进森林躲避捕食者。) 22 soil n. 土壤 复数:soils soil vt. 弄脏;soiled adj. 弄脏的 1. fertile soil(肥沃的土壤)2. soil erosion(土壤侵蚀) Plants grow well in fertile soil with enough water and sunlight.(植物在有水和阳光的肥沃土壤中长得很好。) 23 climate n. 气候 复数:climates climatic adj. 气候的;climate change 气候变化 1. tropical climate(热带气候)2. climate change(气候变化) Climate change has a great impact on global agriculture.(气候变化对全球农业有很大影响。) 24 ecology n. 生态;生态学 复数:ecologies ecological adj. 生态的;ecologist n. 生态学家 1. ecological balance(生态平衡)2. study ecology(研究生态学) Human activities should not destroy the ecological balance.(人类活动不应破坏生态平衡。) 25 jungle n. (热带)丛林 复数:jungles jungle-like adj. 像丛林的;jungle fever 丛林热 1. tropical jungle(热带丛林)2. explore the jungle(探索丛林) Many rare animals live in the dense tropical jungle.(许多珍稀动物生活在茂密的热带丛林中。) 26 shock vt. 使震惊;使难以置信 过去式/过去分词:shocked;复数:shocks shocking adj. 令人震惊的;shock n. 震惊 1. be shocked at(对……感到震惊)2. a great shock(巨大的震惊) We were shocked by the news of the sudden earthquake.(我们对突如其来的地震消息感到震惊。) 27 lecture n. 讲座,讲课;演讲 复数:lectures;动词过去式/过去分词:lectured lecture vt. 演讲;lecturer n. 讲师 1. give a lecture(举办讲座)2. attend a lecture(听讲座) The professor gave a lecture on environmental protection yesterday.(教授昨天做了一场关于环境保护的讲座。) 28 overuse vt. 过度使用;滥用 过去式/过去分词:overused;复数:overuses overuse n. 过度使用;overused adj. 过度使用的 1. overuse resources(过度使用资源)2. overuse chemicals(滥用化学品) Overusing plastic bags causes serious environmental pollution.(过度使用塑料袋造成严重的环境污染。) 29 million n. 百万 复数:millions(表泛指) millionaire n. 百万富翁;millionth num. 第一百万 1. one million(一百万)2. millions of(数百万的) Millions of people were affected by the flood disaster.(数百万的人受到洪水灾害的影响。) 30 greenhouse n. 温室,暖房 复数:greenhouses greenhouse effect 温室效应;greenhouse gas 温室气体 1. greenhouse effect(温室效应)2. greenhouse gas(温室气体) Greenhouse gases are the main cause of global warming.(温室气体是全球变暖的主要原因。) 31 turn one's back (on sb/sth) 对……置之不理,对……撒手不管 无词形变化 无 1. turn one's back on(对……置之不理)2. turn his back on the problem(对问题撒手不管) We should not turn our back on the damage to nature.(我们不应对自然的破坏置之不理。) 32 title n. 题目,标题 复数:titles;动词过去式/过去分词:titled title vt. 给……加标题;entitle vt. 使有权利 1. book title(书名)2. title of the article(文章标题) The title of the report is "Humans and the Natural World".(这份报告的标题是《人类与自然界》。) 33 whirlpool n. 旋涡 复数:whirlpools 无 1. ocean whirlpool(海洋旋涡)2. get caught in a whirlpool(陷入旋涡) The ship was almost caught in a huge whirlpool at sea.(那艘船在海上差点陷入一个巨大的旋涡。) 34 wave n. 海浪;波涛 复数:waves;动词过去式/过去分词:waved wave vi. 挥手;wavy adj. 波浪状的 1. sea wave(海浪)2. big wave(巨浪) Big waves crashed against the rocks on the coast.(巨浪撞击着海岸上的岩石。) 35 escape vi. & vt. 逃离;逃避 过去式/过去分词:escaped;复数:escapes escape n. 逃脱;escapist n. 逃避现实者 1. escape from(从……逃离)2. escape danger(逃避危险) The villagers managed to escape from the burning forest.(村民们成功从燃烧的森林中逃离。) 36 survive vi. & vt. 活下来;幸存 过去式/过去分词:survived;复数:survives survival n. 生存;survivor n. 幸存者 1. survive a disaster(在灾难中幸存)2. survive on(靠……生存) Only a few people survived the plane crash in the mountains.(只有少数人在山区空难中幸存。) 37 float vi. 浮;漂 过去式/过去分词:floated;复数:floats float n. 漂浮物;floating adj. 漂浮的 1. float on water(浮在水面上)2. float in the air(漂浮在空中) Leaves float on the surface of the lake in autumn.(秋天,树叶漂浮在湖面。) 38 file n. 档案,卷宗 复数:files;动词过去式/过去分词:filed file vt. 归档;filing n. 归档 1. official file(官方档案)2. open a file(打开档案) The scientist kept all his research data in a special file.(这位科学家把所有研究数据都存放在一个特殊档案里。) 39 descent n. 下降,下落 复数:descents descend vi. 下降;descending adj. 下降的 1. steep descent(陡坡下行)2. descent from the mountain(从山上下来) The climbers made a slow and careful descent from the peak.(登山者们缓慢而小心地从山顶下来。) 40 tidal adj. 潮汐的,潮水的 无比较级/最高级 tide n. 潮汐;tidal wave 海啸 1. tidal energy(潮汐能)2. tidal current(潮流) Tidal energy is a kind of clean and renewable energy.(潮汐能是一种清洁的可再生能源。) 41 poetry n. 诗歌;作诗的艺术 无复数 poem n. 诗歌;poetic adj. 诗意的 1. classical poetry(古典诗歌)2. write poetry(写诗) Many poets express their love for nature through poetry.(许多诗人通过诗歌表达对自然的热爱。) 42 mystery n. 神秘事物,难以理解的事物 复数:mysteries mysterious adj. 神秘的;mysteriously adv. 神秘地 1. solve a mystery(解开谜团)2. natural mystery(自然之谜) The origin of some ancient rocks remains a mystery.(一些古代岩石的起源仍然是个谜团。) 43 soul n. 灵魂 复数:souls soulful adj. 深情的;soulless adj. 没有灵魂的 1. pure soul(纯洁的灵魂)2. soul of nature(自然之魂) Many people believe that the forest is the soul of nature.(许多人认为森林是自然之魂。) 44 frightened adj. 受惊的,害怕的 比较级:more frightened;最高级:most frightened frighten vt. 使害怕;fright n. 恐惧 1. be frightened of(害怕……)2. get frightened(受惊) The little girl was frightened by the loud thunder.(小女孩被响亮的雷声吓坏了。) 45 horrible adj. 可怕的,吓人的,令人恐惧的 比较级:more horrible;最高级:most horrible horror n. 恐怖;horribly adv. 可怕地 1. horrible disaster(可怕的灾难)2. horrible weather(恶劣的天气) The horrible hurricane destroyed hundreds of homes.(这场可怕的飓风摧毁了数百所房屋。) 46 edge n. 边缘 复数:edges;动词过去式/过去分词:edged edge vt. 使位于边缘;edgy adj. 紧张的 1. edge of the cliff(悬崖边缘)2. on the edge of(在……边缘) The village is located on the edge of a dense forest.(这个村庄位于茂密森林的边缘。) 47 on the edge of 在……边缘;某事快要发生(尤指不好的事) 无词形变化 无 1. on the edge of the city(在城市边缘)2. on the edge of disaster(濒临灾难) The small island is on the edge of the typhoon's path.(这个小岛位于台风路径的边缘。) 48 barrel n. 桶 复数:barrels;动词过去式/过去分词:barrelled barrel vt. 把……装入桶内;barrelful n. 一桶的量 1. wooden barrel(木桶)2. a barrel of water(一桶水) They stored fresh water in wooden barrels for the journey.(他们把淡水装在木桶里以备旅途之用。) 49 curious adj. 好奇的 比较级:more curious;最高级:most curious curiosity n. 好奇心;curiously adv. 好奇地 1. be curious about(对……好奇)2. curious mind(好奇心) Children are always curious about the world around them.(孩子们总是对周围的世界充满好奇。) 50 observation n. 观察;观察结果 复数:observations observe vt. 观察;observant adj. 善于观察的 1. make an observation(进行观察)2. scientific observation(科学观察) The ecologist spent a month making observations in the jungle.(这位生态学家在丛林里花了一个月时间进行观察。) 51 equal adj. 相等的;相同的 比较级:equal;最高级:equal;动词过去式/过去分词:equalled equality n. 平等;equally adv. 平等地 1. be equal to(等于;胜任)2. equal rights(平等权利) All people are equal in the eyes of the law.(法律面前人人平等。) 52 extent n. 面积;长度;范围;程度 复数:extents extend vt. 延伸;extension n. 延伸 1. to some extent(在某种程度上)2. the extent of damage(损坏程度) We don't know the full extent of the forest fire yet.(我们还不知道森林火灾的全部范围。) 53 tube n. 圆管,管子;(伦敦)地铁 复数:tubes tubular adj. 管状的;tube-shaped adj. 管状的 1. plastic tube(塑料管)2. London Underground tube(伦敦地铁) Water flows through the plastic tube to the farmland.(水通过塑料管流向农田。) 54 rescue n. & vt. 营救;救援 复数:rescues;动词过去式/过去分词:rescued rescuer n. 救援人员;rescue team 救援队 1. rescue sb from(从……营救某人)2. carry out a rescue(实施救援) The rescue team saved three climbers trapped in the snow.(救援队救出了三名被困在雪中的登山者。) 55 vehicle n. 交通工具,车辆 复数:vehicles vehicular adj. 车辆的;vehicle-free adj. 无车辆的 1. motor vehicle(机动车)2. public vehicle(公共交通工具) Electric vehicles are more environmentally friendly than petrol cars.(电动汽车比汽油车更环保。) 56 trap vt. 困住;使陷于危险中 过去式/过去分词:trapped;复数:traps trap n. 陷阱;trapping n. 诱捕 1. trap sb in(把某人困在……)2. fall into a trap(陷入陷阱) The hikers were trapped in the mountain by the heavy snow.(徒步旅行者们被大雪困在了山里。) 57 attempt n. & vt. 努力,尝试,企图 复数:attempts;动词过去式/过去分词:attempted attempted adj. 未遂的;attempt n. 尝试 1. attempt to do(尝试做)2. make an attempt(努力尝试) She attempted to climb the mountain alone but failed.(她尝试独自爬山,但失败了。) 58 interrupt vi. & vt. 打断讲话 过去式/过去分词:interrupted;复数:interruptions interruption n. 打断;interruptive adj. 中断的 1. interrupt sb(打断某人)2. interrupt a conversation(打断谈话) Please don't interrupt others when they are speaking.(别人说话时请不要打断。) 59 death n. 死,死亡 复数:deaths die vi. 死亡;dead adj. 死的 1. cause death(导致死亡)2. death rate(死亡率) The death rate from natural disasters has decreased in recent years.(近年来,自然灾害的死亡率有所下降。) 60 loss n. 丧失;死亡 复数:losses lose vt. 失去;lost adj. 丢失的 1. loss of life(生命损失)2. suffer a loss(遭受损失) The flood caused great loss of property and life.(这场洪水造成了巨大的财产和生命损失。) 61 damage n. 伤害,损伤,损害 复数:damages(赔偿金);动词过去式/过去分词:damaged damage vt. 损害;damaging adj. 有破坏性的 1. cause damage to(对……造成损害)2. environmental damage(环境损害) Air pollution causes great damage to people's health.(空气污染对人们的健康造成极大损害。) 62 measure vt. 估量,衡量;测量 过去式/过去分词:measured;复数:measures measurement n. 测量;measurable adj. 可测量的 1. measure the temperature(测量温度)2. take measures(采取措施) We need to take effective measures to protect the environment.(我们需要采取有效措施保护环境。) 63 operation n. 行动,活动;手术;操作 复数:operations operate vi. 操作;operator n. 操作员 1. rescue operation(救援行动)2. surgical operation(外科手术) The army launched a rescue operation after the earthquake.(地震后,军队启动了救援行动。) 64 overseas adv. 在海外,在外国 无比较级/最高级;形容词无变化 overseas adj. 海外的;overseas Chinese 华侨 1. study overseas(出国留学)2. travel overseas(出国旅行) Many students choose to study overseas to broaden their horizons.(许多学生选择出国留学以开阔眼界。) 65 site n. 场所,地点 复数:sites;动词过去式/过去分词:sited site vt. 使坐落于;siting n. 选址 1. construction site(建筑工地)2. historic site(历史遗迹) The ancient temple is a famous historic site in the country.(这座古寺是该国著名的历史遗迹。) 66 process n. 过程,进程 复数:processes;动词过去式/过去分词:processed process vt. 加工;processing n. 加工 1. in the process of(在……过程中)2. production process(生产过程) Protecting the environment is a long and difficult process.(保护环境是一个漫长而艰难的过程。) 67 battle n. 较量,竞争;斗争;战斗 复数:battles;动词过去式/过去分词:battled battle vt. 与……战斗;battleground n. 战场 1. battle against(与……作斗争)2. fierce battle(激烈的斗争) Humans have been battling against environmental pollution for years.(人类多年来一直在与环境污染作斗争。) 68 duty n. 职责,义务;责任 复数:duties dutiful adj. 尽责的;dutifully adv. 尽责地 1. environmental duty(环境责任)2. do one's duty(尽职责) It is everyone's duty to protect the natural environment.(保护自然环境是每个人的责任。) 69 suffering n. (肉体或精神上的)痛苦;折磨 复数:sufferings suffer vi. 遭受;sufferer n. 受害者 1. suffer from suffering(遭受痛苦)2. relieve suffering(减轻痛苦) Natural disasters bring great suffering to people in affected areas.(自然灾害给受灾地区的人们带来巨大痛苦。) 70 conduct vt. 实施;进行;执行 vi. & vt. 指挥 过去式/过去分词:conducted;复数:conducts conduct n. 行为;conductive adj. 传导的 1. conduct a survey(进行调查)2. conduct an experiment(做实验) Scientists conducted a survey on wildlife protection.(科学家们进行了一项关于野生动物保护的调查。) 71 protection n. 保护;防护 复数:protections protect vt. 保护;protective adj. 保护的 1. environmental protection(环境保护)2. protection from(免受……的保护) Trees provide protection from wind and sand.(树木能防风固沙。) 72 lamp n. 灯 复数:lamps lamp-post n. 路灯柱;lamp-shade n. 灯罩 1. desk lamp(台灯)2. street lamp(路灯) We used a solar lamp to light up the tent during the camping trip.(露营时,我们用太阳能灯照亮帐篷。) 73 nearby adv. 附近 无比较级/最高级;形容词无变化 nearby adj. 附近的;nearness n. 接近 1. live nearby(住在附近)2. nearby village(附近的村庄) There is a small river nearby the forest.(森林附近有一条小河。) 74 breathe vi. & vt. 呼吸 过去式/过去分词:breathed;复数:breathes breath n. 呼吸;breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的 1. breathe in(吸气)2. breathe fresh air(呼吸新鲜空气) We should go to the countryside to breathe fresh air on weekends.(我们周末应该去乡下呼吸新鲜空气。) 75 breathe in 吸气 无词形变化 无 1. breathe in deeply(深呼吸)2. breathe in oxygen(吸入氧气) Breathe in slowly and then breathe out gently.(慢慢吸气,然后轻轻呼气。) 76 dust n. 灰尘;尘埃 无复数;动词过去式/过去分词:dusted dust vt. 掸去灰尘;dusty adj. 布满灰尘的 1. fine dust(微尘)2. dust storm(沙尘暴) Dust storms often occur in dry and windy areas.(沙尘暴经常发生在干燥多风的地区。) 77 run out 用完;耗尽 无词形变化 无 1. run out of(用完……)2. time run out(时间耗尽) We must save water because fresh water is running out in some regions.(我们必须节约用水,因为一些地区的淡水即将耗尽。) 78 explorer n. 探险者;勘探者 复数:explorers explore vt. 探索;exploration n. 探险 1. Arctic explorer(北极探险者)2. space explorer(太空探索者) The explorer spent years traveling through the Amazon jungle.(这位探险者花了数年时间穿越亚马逊丛林。) 79 preparation n. 预备,准备 复数:preparations prepare vt. 准备;prepared adj. 准备好的 1. make preparations for(为……做准备)2. careful preparation(精心准备) They made full preparations for the scientific expedition.(他们为这次科学考察做了充分准备。) 80 sledge n. 雪橇 复数:sledges;动词过去式/过去分词:sledged sledge vi. 乘雪橇;sledging n. 乘雪橇运动 1. dog sledge(狗拉雪橇)2. pull a sledge(拉雪橇) The explorers traveled across the polar region by sledge.(探险者们乘雪橇穿越极地地区。) 81 ski n. 滑雪板 vi. 滑雪 复数:skis;动词过去式/过去分词:skied skiing n. 滑雪运动;skier n. 滑雪者 1. go skiing(去滑雪)2. cross-country ski(越野滑雪板) Many people go skiing in the mountainous areas in winter.(冬天很多人去山区滑雪。) 82 captain n. 上校;队长;组长 复数:captains;动词过去式/过去分词:captained captain vt. 担任队长;captaincy n. 队长职位 1. team captain(队长)2. captain of the ship(船长) He was chosen as the captain of the mountain climbing team.(他被选为登山队的队长。) 83 polar adj. 极地的,地极的 无比较级/最高级 pole n. 极地;polar bear 北极熊 1. polar region(极地地区)2. polar climate(极地气候) Polar bears live in the Arctic polar region.(北极熊生活在北极极地地区。) 84 base n. 基地,大本营;基础 vt. 以……为基地 复数:bases;动词过去式/过去分词:based basic adj. 基本的;basis n. 基础 1. research base(研究基地)2. base on(以……为基础) Scientists set up a research base in the Antarctic.(科学家们在南极建立了一个研究基地。) 85 anxiously adv. 焦虑地;不安地 无比较级/最高级 anxious adj. 焦虑的;anxiety n. 焦虑 1. wait anxiously(焦虑地等待)2. look anxiously(不安地看) The families waited anxiously for news of the missing hikers.(家属们焦虑地等待着失踪徒步旅行者的消息。) 86 break down 停止运转,出故障 无词形变化 无 1. car break down(汽车出故障)2. machine break down(机器停止运转) Their car broke down in the middle of the desert.(他们的车在沙漠中央出了故障。) 87 ambition n. 抱负,雄心;追求,夙愿 复数:ambitions ambitious adj. 有抱负的;ambitiously adv. 雄心勃勃地 1. achieve one's ambition(实现抱负)2. great ambition(远大抱负) His ambition is to become an environmental scientist.(他的抱负是成为一名环境科学家。) 88 solid adj. 连续的,不间断的;固体的,坚硬的 比较级:solider;最高级:solidest;复数:solids solid n. 固体;solidify vt. 使凝固 1. solid ice(坚冰)2. solid foundation(坚实的基础) The lake is covered with solid ice in winter.(冬天湖面覆盖着坚冰。) 89 exploration n. 探险;探索 复数:explorations explore vt. 探索;explorer n. 探险者 1. space exploration(太空探索)2. deep-sea exploration(深海探索) Deep-sea exploration helps us learn more about marine life.(深海探索帮助我们更多地了解海洋生物。) 90 cheerful adj. 高兴的,兴高采烈的 比较级:more cheerful;最高级:most cheerful cheer vi. 欢呼;cheerfully adv. 高兴地 1. cheerful mood(愉快的心情)2. cheerful smile(灿烂的笑容) She always has a cheerful smile even when facing difficulties.(即使面对困难,她也总是带着灿烂的笑容。) 91 gear n. 成套服装 复数:gears;动词过去式/过去分词:geared gear vt. 调整;gearing n. 齿轮装置 1. sports gear(运动装备)2. climbing gear(登山装备) They packed all the necessary climbing gear for the trip.(他们为旅行打包了所有必要的登山装备。) 92 prove vt. 证明;证实 过去式/过去分词:proven/proved;复数:proves proof n. 证据;provable adj. 可证明的 1. prove to be(被证明是)2. prove a point(证明观点) His research proved that plants can purify the air.(他的研究证明植物能净化空气。) 93 distant adj. 久远的;遥远的 比较级:more distant;最高级:most distant distance n. 距离;distantly adv. 遥远地 1. distant place(遥远的地方)2. distant memory(遥远的回忆) The distant mountains are covered with green trees.(遥远的群山被绿树覆盖。) 94 continent n. 洲,大洲;大陆 复数:continents continental adj. 大陆的;continent-wide adj. 全洲的 1. Asian continent(亚洲大陆)2. across the continent(横跨大陆) The Amazon rainforest is located in the South American continent.(亚马逊雨林位于南美洲大陆。) 95 dissuade vt. 劝阻 过去式/过去分词:dissuaded dissuasion n. 劝阻;dissuasive adj. 劝阻的 1. dissuade sb from doing(劝阻某人做)2. try to dissuade(试图劝阻) His friends tried to dissuade him from climbing the dangerous mountain.(他的朋友试图劝阻他不要攀登那座危险的山。) 96 tent n. 帐篷 复数:tents;动词过去式/过去分词:tented tent vt. 用帐篷遮盖;tenting n. 露营 1. set up a tent(搭帐篷)2. camping tent(露营帐篷) We set up our tents by the lake and enjoyed the starry night.(我们在湖边搭起帐篷,欣赏星空之夜。) 97 tale n. 故事 复数:tales tale-teller n. 讲故事的人;tale-like adj. 像故事的 1. fairy tale(童话)2. adventure tale(冒险故事) Grandpa told us a fascinating tale about his jungle adventure.(爷爷给我们讲了一个关于他丛林冒险的精彩故事。) 98 honesty n. 坦诚;诚实,正直 无复数 honest adj. 诚实的;honestly adv. 诚实地 1. honesty and trust(诚实与信任)2. with honesty(诚实地) Honesty is an important quality for everyone.(诚实是每个人都应具备的重要品质。) 99 sincerity n. 真诚,真挚,诚实 无复数 sincere adj. 真诚的;sincerely adv. 真诚地 1. with sincerity(真诚地)2. sincerity of heart(真心诚意) She expressed her thanks with sincerity to the rescuers.(她真诚地向救援人员表示感谢。) 100 bravery n. 勇气;勇敢的行为 无复数 brave adj. 勇敢的;bravely adv. 勇敢地 1. show bravery(表现出勇气)2. act of bravery(勇敢的行为) His bravery in rescuing the trapped villagers was praised by everyone.(他营救被困村民的勇敢行为受到了所有人的赞扬。) 101 brochure n. 小册子 复数:brochures 无 1. travel brochure(旅游手册)2. environmental brochure(环保宣传册) The hotel provides a brochure about local scenic spots.(酒店提供了一本关于当地景点的宣传册。) 102 shelter n. 避难所 复数:shelters;动词过去式/过去分词:sheltered shelter vt. 庇护;sheltered adj. 受庇护的 1. emergency shelter(应急避难所)2. take shelter(躲避) People took shelter in the school when the flood came.(洪水来临时,人们躲进了学校避难。) 103 aftershock n. (地震的)余震 复数:aftershocks 无 1. strong aftershock(强烈余震)2. fear of aftershocks(对余震的恐惧) Several aftershocks occurred after the major earthquake.(主震后发生了多次余震。) 104 observe vt. 观察;注意 过去式/过去分词:observed;复数:observes observation n. 观察;observant adj. 善于观察的 1. observe nature(观察自然)2. observe carefully(仔细观察) She likes to observe birds' behavior in the park.(她喜欢在公园里观察鸟类的行为。) 105 metal n. 金属 复数:metals;动词过去式/过去分词:metaled metallic adj. 金属的;metalwork n. 金属制品 1. heavy metal(重金属)2. metal tool(金属工具) The bridge is made of strong metal that can resist corrosion.(这座桥由耐腐蚀的坚固金属制成。) 106 varied adj. 各种各样的,形形色色的 比较级:more varied;最高级:most varied vary vi. 变化;variety n. 多样性 1. varied scenery(多样的景色)2. varied interests(多样的兴趣) The national park has varied scenery from mountains to lakes.(这个国家公园有从山脉到湖泊的多样景色。) 107 scary adj. 可怕的,恐怖的 比较级:scarier;最高级:scariest scare vt. 使害怕;scare n. 恐惧 1. scary movie(恐怖电影)2. scary storm(可怕的暴风雨) The scary thunderstorm kept the children indoors.(可怕的雷暴让孩子们待在了室内。) 108 harmless adj. 无害的 比较级:more harmless;最高级:most harmless harm vt. 伤害;harmful adj. 有害的(反义词) 1. harmless animal(无害的动物)2. harmless chemical(无害的化学物质) Butterflies are harmless insects that help pollinate plants.(蝴蝶是有助于植物授粉的无害昆虫。) 109 skiing n. 滑雪运动 无复数 ski vi. 滑雪;skier n. 滑雪者 1. alpine skiing(高山滑雪)2. go skiing(去滑雪) Skiing is a popular winter sport in cold regions.(滑雪是寒冷地区流行的冬季运动。) 110 originality n. 独创性;创造力 无复数 original adj. 原创的;origin n. 起源 1. originality of idea(想法的独创性)2. artistic originality(艺术创造力) His design shows great originality and creativity.(他的设计展现出极强的独创性和创造力。) 111 disappearance n. 消亡;消失 复数:disappearances disappear vi. 消失;disappearing adj. 消失的 1. disappearance of species(物种的消亡)2. sudden disappearance(突然消失) The disappearance of some rare species worries environmentalists.(一些珍稀物种的消亡让环保人士感到担忧。) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit 5 Humans and Nature 词汇笔记知识清单-2025-2026学年高中英语北师大版(2019)必修第二册
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Unit 5 Humans and Nature 词汇笔记知识清单-2025-2026学年高中英语北师大版(2019)必修第二册
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Unit 5 Humans and Nature 词汇笔记知识清单-2025-2026学年高中英语北师大版(2019)必修第二册
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