周测卷(十一)-【鱼跃龙门卷】2025-2026学年高三英语一轮复习周测卷

u 美版老n春 B 2025一2026学年度高三一轮复习周测卷（十一） In Oceanside,a coastal suburb about 40 miles north of San Diego,the palm trees wave and the temperature is almost perfect.Teenagers watch surfers ride glassy waves.Every day it feels 英语 like the perfect summer day.There is just one problem:The sand is disappearing. (满分100分》 While many visitors,and even lifelong Californians in the industrial state,might see wide areas of sand as part of the state's natural beauty,the reality is that over decades,the coast has become a highly engineered wonder.Millions of cubic yards of sand dug from other parts have 第一部分阅读（共两节，满分80分）】 第一节（共12小题：每小题5分，满分60分） been added in the last century to build the postcard-worthy beach like the one in Santa Monica. 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 But a range of forces have shrunk beaches all along California's coastline.California could lose as much as 75%of its beaches by 2100,given the sea level rise related to climate change. William had worked hard to pass the exams to enter high school.When the term began, Over time,beach sand gets swept up into the water.Some of it moves towards other beaches. however,his father told him that there was no money to pay for his school fees because of the Besides,dams and concrete canals have reduced the amount of river sediment(flowing summer drought.Still,William wanted to learn. downstream that could help fill beaches as a supplement.If the shoreline were allowed to evolve He made the village library his school.One day,he found a book called Using Energy.On without human intervention,the beaches could continue to exist as we know them.But in the book's cover was a picture of windmills,tall steel towers with blades()spinning like California,the development in many places along the coast has created a hard barrier,disturbing giant fans.He learned that wind-something of which his hometown had plenty-could produce that natural evolution. electricity. Over the years,local governments worked together on a few major sand supplement He couldn't help picturing his own windmill in mind,but collecting the parts and tools he projects.But those,still,have proved to be fleeting solutions."Everything we do is a short- needed would take months.In a junkyard,he dug through piles of used metal,old cars,and term fix."said Gary Griggers,a professor specializing in coastal science.In recent years,as the worn-out tractors,searching for anything that might help him construct his machine.He made sand's disappearance grew more extreme,longtime Oceanside residents formed an organization four-foot-long blades from plastic pipe,which he melted over a fire,flattened out,and hardened called Save Oceanside Sand.A beach town cannot exist without a beach.Leaders here launched with bamboo poles. some international design competitions,aiming at finding new ways of getting and keeping sand Earning some money,he paid a blacksmith to attach the piston to the pedal sprocket( on the city's beaches. of an old bicycle frame.This would be the axle of the windmill.When the wind blew,the spinning blades would turn the bicycle wheel and spin a small dynamo()donated by his "It's really a race.I think there's absolutely nothing we can do to hold back the Pacific friend. Ocean,"said Gary Griggers. When he had collected all the parts,William began putting them together.He fixed the 5.What does the author mean by mentioning the engineered wonder? blades to the tractor fan he found,using washers he'd made from bottle caps.Next he pushed A.Most visitors are engineers. B.California is an industrial state. the fan onto the piston joint to the bicycle frame.With the help of his two best friends,William C.It's a perfect vacation site. D.The beach is artificially maintained. built a 16-foot-tall tower from trunks of trees and lifted the ninety-pound windmill to the top. 6.What is a reason for the crisis of beaches along California's coastline? The big moments eventually came.He climbed up the tower and connected two wires that A.Sand supplement has been added. held a small bulb.As the wind whipped around him,the blades began to turn,slowly at first, B.Sea level rise results from climate change. then faster and faster.The light bulb flickered,then flashed to life.The crowd cheered from C.Much river sediment is flowing downstream. below."Wachitabwina(well done)!" D.Human intervention blocks the natural evolution. William's machine now powered his house.And the story of the boy who'd built a power- 7.What does the underlined word "fleeting"in paragraph 4 mean? generating windmill to rescue his family from the drought spread across the Internet. A.Efficient. B.Temporary. C.Sustainable. D.Complex. 1.What did William decide to do after reading Using Energy? A.Build a village library. 8.Which of the following was done to preserve Californian beaches? B.Make use of wind. A.Design contests were held. B.Dams and canals were built. C.Learn to survive a drought. D.Enter a high school. 2.Which word can best describe William according to paragraph 3? C.Man-made beaches were expanded. D.Sand-themed postcards were published. A.Determined. B.Cooperative. C.Humorous. D.Optimistic. 3.What can we learn about William's machine? A team of scientists from the Center for Cognition and Sociality and the Data Science Group A.It was built by villagers. B.It worked at the first attempt. at the Institute for Basic Science(IBS)made an exciting discovery about how computers and C.It took him years to complete it. D.It was made from metal materials. human brains work similarly when remembering things.They found that the way artificial 4.What is the best title for the text? intelligence(Al)models,like those in smart robots,store memories is a lot like how our brain's A.Winds of Hope B.Ideas Worth Spreading memory center,called the hippocampus(海马体)，does it.This part of the brain is really C.Windmills for Villages D.Lessons from Experience important for feelings and memories 英语·周测卷（十一】第1页（共4页） 英语·周测卷（十一）第2页（共4页】 美版老小 班级 Understanding how Al learns and keeps information is the key to making it smarter.The Combine learning styles that play to your strengths scientists looked into how our brains learn and remember by focusing on a special process When you aim to accelerate your learning,what you choose to learn should not be limited to involving the NMDA receptor,a critical part of the hippocampus.This receptor works like a a curriculum or classroom structure.14 Different materials along with your learning style 姓名 smart door in our brain that helps with learning and remembering.It opens when certain brain can accelerate or slow down your comprehension process.The best learning style is the one that chemicals are present,allowing the cell to receive signals and create memories.A specific makes it easier to process,or comprehend ideas and subjects faster.Once you know your learning strengths and weaknesses,you can choose learning strategies that play to your 得分 element,magnesium,acts like a guard,only letting substances in under the right conditions. strengths. Interestingly,the team found that Transformer,a type of AI model,uses a similar Seek first to understand the basic structure of the topic you choose "guarding"method to manage its memory.They wondered if they could make the Transformer's 15 So you need to seek first to understand the basics.In other words,you have to get to memory better by copying the brain's process.By adjusting some settings in the Transformer to know the tree's root,trunk,then branch out from there.Don't start from the branches or the mimic()the brain's memory door,they improved its ability to remember things long-term, leaves,pursue the root and work your way to the topic.Therefore,whatever topic you choose to just like adjusting magnesium levels can affect how well we remember stuff. learn or study,just start with the basics. 选择题 This discovery is a big deal because it shows we can use what we know about the brain to Give yourself plenty of time in both“focused'”and“diffused(分散的)"modes 容题栏 make AI smarter.C.Justin Lee,a neuroscience (director at the institute,mentioned Normally,the human brain is not meant to stay in the "focused"mode for hours at a time. that this research was a big step forward for both AI and brain science.It opens up new ways to 16 Consequently,when your brain is active for a very long time,you're actually blocking understand how the brain works and to create more advanced Al based on these insights. your access to the diffused mode-a more relaxed state. 2 Therefore,the diffused mode is just as valuable as the focused mode.So,just take breaks, So,in simple terms,scientists have figured out that computers can learn and remember in let your mind wander,think about other things,and give your brain plenty of time to make ways that are surprisingly similar to us,which could help make them even smarter in the future. better connections.17 4 9.What does the term "NMDA receptor"in paragraph 2 most likely refer to? A.You can benefit a lot from staying focused. 5 A.A type of computer virus that attacks Al systems. B.Smart learners don't have any special secrets. 6 B.A new technology for making computers run faster. C.You should try to choose whatever you like best. C.A component in AI models that predicts future events. D.Every topic or subject has a logical structure to it. D.A part of the human brain involved in learning and memory. E.Then you can learn better by imposing breaks on yourself. 10.What did the team discover about Transformer? F.Long-lasting attention to a single task can block memory and recall. 10 A.It uses a special method to manage memory. G.You can practically choose content from many sources,experts,and authors. B.It directly mimics the brain's memory process. 第二部分语言运用（共一节，满分20分） 11 阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 C.It is unaffected by changes in memory settings. 12 In recent years,the traditional Chinese card game of guandan 18 (welcome)by Chinese D.It requires adjustments to enhance long-term memory. business people.Now,it is even being introduced to children 19 (improve)their soft skills. 13 11.What is the significance of the research findings according to C.Justin Lee? According to local media reports,20 local education group in Yichang,central Hubei 14 A.It is a new approach to memory organization. Province,is planning to add guandan to its curriculum for primary students 21 has already 15 B.It is a crucial step in advancing Al and neuroscience given each student their own pack of cards to practice with during the upcoming winter break. 16 C.It is a method for improving short-term memory in Al. Guandan,22 literally means "throwing eggs",is played by four people divided into two D.It is a breakthrough in understanding Al emotional processing. teams using two decks of cards.Both teams take turns throwing out their cards in 23 (vary) 17 12.What is the main idea of the text? set combinations,with the goal of shedding()all their cards before the other team A.Exploring the NMDA receptor in the brain. The name comes from the Chinese word for "egg"24 (have)the same pronunciation as B.Discussing implications of neuroscience for AI. "bomb".An 25 (estimate)140 million people play the game in China,which originates from the eastern Jiangsu Province. C.Comparing computer and human memory processes. Gao Zhenghua,party secretary of Tianwen Education Group,told local media outlet Hubei D.Discovering similarities between AI and human memory. Daily that the game will improve students'"thinking ability,26 adaptable ) 第二节（共5小题：每小题4分，满分20分） resourcefulness,and teamwork skills" 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 However,guandan's increasing associations 27 social networking among business 选项。 people have also raised concerns that the game is inappropriate for children to play at an In our modern economy,accelerated learning can be crucial for success.Learning faster early age. means gaining more knowledge-quicker than others.13 Anyone can learn from them and 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. accelerate their learning process with the following techniques. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 英语·周测卷（十一】第3页（共4页） 英语·周测卷（十一）第4页（共4页】·英语· 参考答案及解析 英语（十一） 第一部分阅读 6.D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“If the shoreline 第一节 were allowed to evolve without human intervention, the beaches could continue to exist as we know 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了 them.(如果允许海岸线在没有人为干预的情况下进 William在家庭贫困和干旱的困境中，凭借自学、创新精 化，海滩可能会继续以我们所知道的方式存在。)”可 神和坚持不懈的努力，利用废旧材料成功建造风力发 知，人为干预阻碍了沙滩的自然进化，给沙滩带来了 电机。 危机。 l.B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“He learned that 7.B词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“Everything we wind-something of which his hometown had do is a short-term fix(我们所做的一切都是短期的 plenty-一could produce electricity.(他了解到风 解决办法)”可知，这些解决方法都是短暂的。故推 他的家乡有大量的风一可以发电。)”以及第三段 测画线词的意思是“短暂的”。 中的“He couldn't help picturing his own windmill 8.A细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Leaders here in mind(他忍不住在脑海中想象自己的风车)”可知， launched some international design competitions, 读完《利用能源》这本书后，William了解到风能发 aiming at finding new ways of getting and keeping 电，所以他决定利用风。 sand on the city's beaches.(这里的领导人发起了 2.A推理判断题。根据第三段中的“He couldn't help 些国际设计比赛，旨在寻找控制该市海滩沙子流失 picturing his own windmill in mind,but collecting 的新方法。)”可知，举行了一些国际设计比赛来拯救 the parts and tools he needed would take months. 沙滩。 In a junkyard,he dug through piles of used metal, C old cars,and worn-out tractors,searching for 【语篇导读】本文一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家 anything that might help him construct his 发现人工智能记忆存储方式与人脑海马体相似，并通过 machine.(他忍不住在脑海中想象自己的风车，但收 模仿大脑记忆机制改进了AI模型的记忆能力，促进了 集他需要的零件和工具需要几个月的时间。在一个 AI与脑科学的发展。 垃圾场里，他在成堆的废旧金属、旧汽车和破旧的拖 9.D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“This receptor works like a smart door in our brain that helps with 拉机中挖掘，寻找任何可能帮助他制造机器的东 learning and remembering.(这种受体就像我们大脑 西。)”可知，William为了建造风车，在垃圾场里寻找 材料，即使需要数月去收集材料也坚持去做，这充分 中的一扇智能门，帮助我们学习和记忆。)”可知， 表明他是一个意志坚定的人。 “NMDA receptor”是人脑中参与学习和记忆的关键 部分。 3.B细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The big 10.A 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Interestingly, moments eventually came...The light bulb the team found that Transformer,a type of AI flickered,then flashed to life.(重要时刻终于到来 model,uses a similar‘guarding’method to 了…灯泡闪烁着，然后亮了起来。)”可知，当风车 首次启动时，灯泡闪烁后亮了起来。可见，William manage its memory..(有趣的是，研究小组发现， Transformer是一种人工智能模型，它使用类似的 的机器第一次尝试就成功了。 守卫？方法来管理记忆。)”可知，Transformer使用 4.A标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了 一种类似于守卫的特殊方法来管理其记忆。 William在家庭因干旱没钱支付学费的情况下，通过 11.B 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“C.Justin Lee,a 自己的努力利用风能建造风车发电，给家庭带来了 neuroscience(神经学)director at the institute, 希望。A项“Winds of Hope(希望之风)”概括全文， mentioned that this research was a big step 适合用作本文标题。 forward for both AI and brain science.(该研究所 B 的神经科学主任C.Justin Lee表示，这项研究对于 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在圣 人工智能和脑科学都是一个重大的进步。)”可知， 地亚哥以北约40英里的海滨郊区，有一片怡人的沙滩。 C.Justin Lee认为这些研究发现的重要意义在于该 殊不知，这片游客眼中的“自然风光”竞是人工造景。几 研究是推进AI和神经科学的关键步骤。 十年来，这片沙难的沙子在不断减少，当地的人们尝试 12.D主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段中的 了各种各样的方法，以拯救这片美丽的沙滩。 "made an exciting discovery about how computers 5.D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Millions of cubic and human brains work similarly when yards of sand dug from other parts have been added remembering things'”及最后一段内容“所以，简单 in the last century to build the postcard-worthy 来说，科学家们已经发现计算机能够以和我们惊人 beach like the one in Santa Monica.(过去一个世纪 相似的方式学习和记忆，这可能有助于它们在未来 里，从其他地方挖出的数百万立方码的沙子被用来 变得更加智能。”可知，整篇文章围绕研究发现 建造像圣莫尼卡那样值得印在明信片上的海滩。)” 人工智能和人类记忆机制相似一展开，D选项“发 可知，这片沙滩的沙子是从别处运来的。可见，这片 现人工智能与人类记忆之间的相似之处”准确地总 沙滩的景观是靠人工来维持的。 结了文章的中心思想。 ·15. 高三一轮复习周测卷 第二节 说，你必须了解树的根、树干，然后从那里伸出树 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些 枝。不要从枝叶入手，要追根溯源，直达主题。)”可 技巧以帮助人们更加有效地快速学习。 知，我们需要先了解自己所学内容的结构。选项D 13.B 根据空后“Anyone can learn from them and "Every topic or subject has a logical structure to accelerate their learning process with the following t.(每个话题或主题都有一个逻辑结构。)”自然引 techniques..(任何人都可以向他们学习，并通过以 出空后内容，指出每个话题或主题都有一个逻辑结 下技巧加速他们的学习过程。)”可知，空处应是提 构，所以我们应该先了解自己所学内容的逻辑结构。 到了一些会快速学习的人。选项B“Smart learners 16. F根据空前“Normally,the human brain is not don't have any special secrets..(聪明的学习者没有 meant to stay in the 'focused'mode for hours at a 什么特别的秘密。)”中的“Smart learners”与下文的 time.(正常情况下，人类的大脑不会一次保持几个 “them”呼应，内容上也自然引出下文内容。 小时的‘专注’模式。)”可知，人类大脑不会一直保 l4.G根据标题“Combine learning styles that play to 持专注。选项F“Long-lasting attention to a single your strengths(结合能发挥你优势的学习方式)”以 task can block memory and recall.(长时间专注于 及空前“When you aim to accelerate your learning, 一项任务会阻碍记忆和回忆。)”与空前内容表达一 what you choose to learn should not be limited to a 致，指的是人类大脑不能一直保持专注。 curriculum or classroom structure.(当你的目标是 17.E 根据空前“因此，扩散模式和聚焦模式一样有价 加速学习时，你选择学习的内容不应该局限于课程 值。所以，休息一下，让你的思想游离，想想其他事 或课堂结构。)”可知，我们可以选择学习课程或课 情，给你的大脑足够的时间来建立更好的联系。”可 堂之外的内容。选项G“You can practically choose 知，我们应该劳逸结合。选项E“Then you can content from many sources,experts,and authors. learn better by imposing breaks on yourself. (实际上，你可以从许多来源、专家和作者那里选择 么，通过主动安排休息，你可以提升学习效果。)”承 内容。)”承上启下，指出选择不同的学习内容，采用 接空前内容，指出休息会让学习效果更好。 适当的学习方式。 第二部分语言运用 l5.D根据空后“So you need to seek first to 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了近年 understand the basics.In other words,you have to 来，中国传统的“掼蛋”纸牌游戏从商业社交延伸至小学 get to know the tree's root,trunk,then branch教育。 out from there.Don't start from the branches or 18.has been welcomed 19.to improve 20.a the leaves,pursue the root and work your way to 21.and 22.which 23.various/varied 24.having the topic..(所以你需要先了解基础知识。换句话25.estimated26.adaptability27.with 英语（十二） 第一部分阅读 3.B词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“In20 percent of A cases,the viewers were more likely to have heard 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究 and interpreted the word spoken with a hand 人员通过实验发现，在谈话中使用或不使用手势会影响 gesture.(在20%的案例中，观众更有可能听到并理 他人对话语的理解。 解结合手势说的话。)”可知，志愿者更容易听懂与手 1.B细节理解题。根据第一段内容“政界人士、商业 势相结合所说的话，所以推测画线词conjunction应 领袖和其他类型的领导者确实喜欢在说话时辅以手 意为“结合”。 势，但这种习惯会影响他人对话语的理解吗？为了 4.A推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Furthermore, 弄清真相，Max Planck心理语言学研究所的一组研 they suggest that our responses to hand gestures 究人员对志愿者进行了一系列实验，这些志愿者观 看了人们说话时有和没有手部动作的视频。”可知， may be something we learn as we grow up.(此s外， 他们还认为，我们对手势的反应可能是在成长过程 研究人员做实验的目的是测试手势对语言理解的 影响。 中习得的。)”可知，研究人员可能认同“对手势的反 2.A细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In20 percent of 应是一种学习行为”这一观点。 cases,the viewers were more likely to have heard and interpreted the word spoken with a hand 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者 gesture.Interestingly,however,volunteers were 在迪士尼乐园一天的经历，并学到：要珍惜身体健康，对 40 percent more likely to hear the wrong sound 自己所拥有的心怀感恩。 when a mismatch between the word spoken and the 5.A推理判断题。根据第一段中描述的各种等待的 hand gesture occurred.(在20%的案例中，观众更有 场景“排队等公园门票、拍照、乘坐游乐设施、买纪念 可能听到并理解结合手势说的话。然而，有趣的是， 品等”以及第二段中的“All I wanted was a seat”可 当说的话和手势不匹配时，志愿者听到错误声音的 知，作者一天中经历了很多等待，一天下来很疲惫。 可能性要高出40%。)”可知，研究人员在实验中发现 再结合第二段中车上的情景及作者的抱怨推知，一 手的动作会影响听众听到的内容。 天的等待、疲劳使作者很烦躁、恼怒。 ·16·