Unit 6 When disaster strikes（重难词汇精练）英语外研版2024八年级上册

Unit 6 When disaster strikes 词汇专项过关 目录 词汇基础练 词汇语境练-句子 词汇语境练-语篇 词汇基础练 一、汉译英 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 lost adj.不复存在的;不再拥有的 ground n.地,地面 scared adj.害怕的,恐惧的 shut v.(使)关(合)上,(使)关闭 shocking adj.惊人的,骇人的,令人难以置信的 coach n.公共马车,四轮大马车 straight adv.笔直地,成直线地 sand n.沙滩 flood n.洪水,水灾 thick adj.浓密的;混浊的 smoke n.(燃烧产生的)烟 shower n.一大批,一阵 historical adj.(有关)历史的 expert n.专家 timeline n.时间表 reaction n.反应 airline n.航空公司 weekday n.工作日 railway n.铁路,铁道 rainstorm n.暴风雨 service n.(车、船等的)交通服务,班次 search v.寻找,搜索,搜寻 motherland n.祖国 terrible adj.剧烈的;厉害的;非常严重的 danger n.危险 tsunami n.海啸 warning n.警告,警示 iron adj.极坚强的n.铁 fashion n.时装业 slim adj.苗条的,修长的 bleed v.流血,出血 uncomfortable adj.不舒服的 jeans n.牛仔裤 encouraging adj. 令人鼓舞的,振奋人心的 herself pron.她自己 university n.大学 honour n.荣幸,光荣 wound n.伤痛,伤害 heroine n.女主角,女主人公 短语 与...有关;涉及 relate to 自然灾害 natural disasters 当地居民 the local people 把...变成... tum...into... 叫醒;醒来 wake up 不得不;必须 have to 待在外面过夜 stay outside for the night 闭上某人的眼睛 shut sb's eyes 第二天早晨 the next morning 就在那时 just then 令人震惊的事 shocking things 左右摇摆,左右移动 from side to side 往后退;返回 move back 把某人留下;丢下某人 leave sb behind 继续前进;往前走 move on 在陆地上空蔓延 spread over the land 充满,密布 be thick with 纷纷扬扬地落下 fall in heavy showers 在黑暗中 in the dark 过了一会儿 after a while 被灰烬覆盖 be covered in ash 没有想到…;没考虑… have no thoughts of 即将发生的事 things to come 假肢 artificial leg 在…的支持下 with the support of 鼓励的话语 encouraging words 半程马拉松 a half marathon 勇敢面对某事 face sth with courage 最重要的是;尤其是 above all 做你人生的主人公 be the heroine of your life 二、词汇拓展（单词变形） scare(v.)使惊恐→scared (adj.) 恐惧的 shock(v.)使震惊→shocking (adj.）惊人的 history (n.) 历史→historical（adj.）有关历史的 warn(v.)警告→warning (n.)警告，警示 comfortable(adj.)舒服的→uncomfortable(adj.)不舒服的 encourage(v.)鼓励→encouraging (adj.)令人鼓舞的 her(pron.)她→herself (pron.)她自己 react(v.)反应→reaction (n.）反应 三、重点用法 decide to do sth决定做某事 begin to do sth开始敬某事 ask sb to do sth要求某人做某事 refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事 try to do sth试图做某事;努力做某事 used to do sth过去常常做某事 encourage sb to do sth鼓励某人做某事 stop doing sth停止做某事 make sb+形容词 使某人… 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 6 zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 词汇语境练-句子 一、单项选择 1．The firefighters (消防员) showed amazing ________ when they rushed into the burning building. A．challenge B．change C．culture D．courage 【答案】D 【详解】句意：消防员在冲进燃烧的建筑物时展示了惊人的勇气。 考查名词辨析。challenge挑战；change改变；culture文化；courage勇气。根据“when they rushed into the burning building.”可知，消防员冲进火场的行为需要勇敢精神，故选D。 2．Lucy is going to study in ________ university and she wants to be ________ expert. A．a; a B．an; an C．an; a D．a; an 【答案】D 【详解】句意：露西要去大学学习，她想成为一名专家。 考查冠词。university以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a；expert以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故选D。 3．—Where did you get the toy car? —From my sister. She drew the picture of the toy car through DeepSeek and made it ________. A．myself B．himself C．herself D．yourself 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你从哪里得到这个玩具车？——从我姐姐那里。她通过DeepSeek画了玩具车的图片，并自己制作了它。 考查反身代词的用法。myself我自己；himself他自己；herself她自己；yourself你自己。此处指代“my sister”，结合“She”可知，此处应用反身代词“herself”。故选C。 4．—Is winter here too cold for a fox? —No. Foxes’ fur is ________ to keep them warm. A．too thick B．thick enough C．so thick D．enough thick 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这里的冬天对狐狸来说太冷了吗？——不。狐狸的毛很厚，足以保暖。 考查词义辨析。too thick to太厚了不能……；thick enough足够厚；so thick如此厚，常与that从句连用；enough thick错误搭配。根据“Is winter here too cold for a fox?”和“No. Foxes’ fur is...to keep them warm.”可知，狐狸的毛皮很厚，能帮助它们保暖。故选B。 5．China provided free medical services ________ sick people infected with COVID-19. A．to B．with C．on D．for 【答案】D 【详解】句意：中国为新冠肺炎患者提供免费医疗服务。 考查介词辨析。to到；with和；on在……上面；for为了。provide sth. for sb.“为某人提供某物”，所以介词用for。故选D。 6．Pandas are ________. We must save them. A．scary B．cute C．friendly D．in danger 【答案】D 【详解】句意：熊猫处于危险之中。我们必须拯救他们。 考查形容词辨析和介词短语。scary可怕的；cute可爱的；friendly友好的；in danger处于危险中。 根据“We must save them.”可知，熊猫处于危险中，因此要拯救它们，故选D。 7．When I saw Betty yesterday, she ______ an old woman cross the road. A．helps B．will help C．was helping D．have helped 【答案】C 【详解】句意：昨天我看到贝蒂时，她正在帮助一位老妇人过马路。    考查动词时态。helps一般现在时；will help一般将来时；was helping过去进行时；have helped现在完成时。 根据“when I saw Betty yesterday”可知，句子描述的是过去某个具体时刻正在进行的动作，需用过去进行时，故选C。 8．He will, no doubt, be recommended as this Year’s Excellent Officer because he is clever, easy-going and ___________ hardworking. A．after all B．first of all C．believe it or not D．above all 【答案】D 【详解】句意：毋容置疑，他将会被提名为今年最优秀的官员因为他是聪明的，随和的，尤为重要的是，勤奋的。根据句意，结合短语区别：after all但，毕竟；first of all首先；believe it or not信不信由你；above all，尤为重要的是。故答案为D. 9．The doctor told him to stay in bed because he ________ a lot in the accident. A．bled B．bleed C．bleeding D．blood 【答案】A 【详解】句意：医生告诉他躺在床上，因为他在事故中流了很多血。 考查动词时态，根据主句中“The doctor told him” 可知，这里应该用一般过去时。从句谓语动词要用过去式。bled是动词bleed的过去式，表示“流血”。故选A。 10．—Why is she so excited? —Because it’s ________ for her to meet her favourite singer in person. A．a great honour B．a half marathon C．an artificial leg D．disaster survivors 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——她为什么这么兴奋？——因为对她来说，亲自见到她最喜欢的歌手是极大的荣幸。 考查名词短语辨析。a great honour一项巨大的荣誉；a half marathon半程马拉松；an artificial leg一条假肢；disaster survivors灾难幸存者。根据语境，见到最喜欢的歌手令人兴奋，是极大的荣幸，故选A。 11．My parents always ________ me ________ try new things, even if I might fail. A．encourage; to B．share; on C．look forward; to D．face; with 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我的父母总是鼓励我尝试新事物，即使我可能会失败。 考查动词辨析和动词短语。encourage鼓励，encourage sb to do sth“鼓励某人做某事”；share分享，通常与with搭配；look forward期待，常用短语为look forward to；face面对；on在……上面；with和；to到。根据“My parents always…me…try new things, even if I might fail.”及动词原形try可知，父母鼓励我即使可能失败也要去尝试新事物，此处考查encourage sb to do sth。故选A。 12．He ________ a basketball player, but now he works as a coach because of an injury. A．used to be B．is used to be C．used to being D．is used to being 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他过去曾是一名篮球运动员，但由于受伤，现在他担任教练。 考查动词短语辨析。used to be过去常常是；is used to be通常不作为正确搭配，be used to习惯于做某事，后面接doing；used to being结构不正确；is used to being现在习惯于做某事。根据句意，这里描述的是他过去的身份和现在的工作变化，所以应该用used to be来表示过去的身份。故选A。 13．________ his teammates, he kept practicing and finally won the game. A．Without the support of B．With the support of C．In the shadow of D．On the social media of 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在他的队友的支持下，他坚持练习并最终赢得了比赛。 考查介词短语。Without the support of没有……的支持；With the support of有……的支持；In the shadow of在……的阴影下；On the social media of在……的社交媒体上。根据句意可知，是在队友的支持下，他坚持练习并最终获胜。故选B。 14．We should ________ our mistakes ________ and learn from them. A．face; with courage B．carry; the torch C．break; our dream D．lose; our leg 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们应该有勇气面对我们的错误并从中学习。 考查动词短语辨析，face...with courage有勇气面对……；carry...the torch高举火炬；break...our dream打破我们的梦想；lose...our leg失去我们的腿。根据“learn from them”可知，我们应该勇敢地面对错误，以便从中学习。故选A。 15．With the help of her friends, she ________ and started to make new friends at her new school. A．broke her dream B．came out of the shadows C．lost her leg D．drew his attention 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在朋友的帮助下，她从阴影中走出来，并开始在新学校交新朋友。 考查短语辨析。broke her dream打破她的梦想；came out of the shadows走出阴影；lost her leg失去她的腿；drew his attention吸引他的注意力。根据句意“开始结交新朋友”的提示，说明她摆脱了之前的困境或阴影。故选B。 二、单词拼写 16．After the big party, the ground was covered in (灰). The children came early in the morning to clean up the area and make it tidy again. 【答案】ash 【详解】句意：晚会结束后，地面被灰覆盖。根据汉语提示可知，ash“灰”，不可数名词。故填ash。 17．Last night, a terrible (暴风雨) hit our town. The strong wind and heavy rain made a lot of noise. 【答案】rainstorm 【详解】句意：昨晚，一场可怕的暴风雨袭击了我们镇。强风和大雨制造了很多噪音。rainstorm“暴风雨”，名词，a后接可数名词的单数形式。故填rainstorm。 18．The news of the (海啸) shocked the whole world. Many countries offered help. 【答案】tsunami 【详解】句意：海啸的消息震惊了全世界。许多国家提供了帮助。“海啸”用名词tsunami，为可数名词，此处表示特指的某次海啸，用单数形式即可，符合语境。故填tsunami。 19．The young like wearing (牛仔裤), because they think that looks cool. 【答案】jeans 【详解】句意：年轻人喜欢穿牛仔裤，因为他们觉得那看起来很酷。jean“牛仔裤”，此处用复数形式，表示两条裤腿。故填jeans。 20．The young girl became a well-known (女英雄) for saving a child from a burning building. 【答案】heroine 【详解】句意：这个年轻女孩因为从着火的大楼里救了一个孩子而成为著名的女英雄。根据汉语提示可知，heroine“女英雄”，可数名词，由空前a可知，此处用单数形式。故填heroine。 21．She dreams of going to a good (大学) in another city to study literature (文学). 【答案】university 【详解】句意：她梦想去另一座城市的一所好大学学习文学。“university”表示“大学”，“university”在句中作宾语，“a”后接可数名词单数，符合句子语境。故填university。 22．In old movies, we often see people traveling in (公共马车), with horses running on the dirt roads. 【答案】coaches 【详解】句意：在老电影中，我们经常看到人们坐着公共马车旅行，马在土路上奔跑。coach“公共马车”，是可数名词，此处用复数名词表泛指，coach的复数形式是coaches。故填coaches。 23．—I need something strong for my garden gate. Any ideas? —You can choose (铁) products. They are very useful in daily life. 【答案】iron 【详解】句意：——我需要一些坚固的东西来做花园大门，有什么主意吗？——你可以选择铁制品，它们在日常生活中非常实用。iron“铁”，不可数名词，作定语修饰“products”，构成名词短语iron products“铁制品”，故填iron。 24．My father works for two big (航空公司). He travels to different countries to offer good service to passengers. 【答案】airlines 【详解】句意：我父亲在两家大型航空公司工作。他前往不同的国家为乘客提供优质服务。根据中文提示“航空公司”，可知此处需填名词，且由“two big”可知，要用名词的复数形式。airline为名词，意为“航空公司”，其复数形式为airlines。故填airlines。 25．The (serve) in this restaurant has improved a lot recently. 【答案】service 【详解】句意：这家餐厅的服务最近改善了很多。分析句子成分可知，空处需名词作主语，指“这个餐厅的服务”，serve“为……服务”为动词，其名词为service。故填service。 26．When the fire started in the kitchen, a lot of (smoking) filled the room. 【答案】smoke 【详解】句意：当厨房起火时，大量烟雾弥漫了整个房间。smoking是动名词或现在分词，a lot of修饰可数名词或不可数名词，所以应填smoke“烟雾”，不可数名词。故填smoke。 27．Little Tom was (scary) when he couldn’t find his parents in the crowded shopping centre. 【答案】scared 【详解】句意：小汤姆在拥挤的购物中心找不到父母时感到害怕。分析句子成分可知，was后跟形容词。形容词scary意为“害怕的”，修饰事物，因主语为Little Tom，指人，需修饰人的形容词scared“感到害怕的”。故填scared。 28．My brother refused (clean) his room, so our mother was quite angry. 【答案】to clean 【详解】句意：我弟弟拒绝打扫他的房间，所以我们妈妈很生气。根据“refused”可知，此处考查固定搭配“refuse to do sth.”表示“拒绝做某事”，因此横线处需填入动词不定式形式。clean“打扫”，动词，其不定式形式为to clean。故填to clean。 29．The mountains in winter are (cover) in snow, looking like beautiful white giants (巨人). 【答案】covered 【详解】句意：冬天的山脉被雪覆盖，看起来像美丽的白色巨人。“The mountains”与“cover”之间是被动关系，表示山脉被雪覆盖，所以用被动语态，结构为“be + 过去分词”，用covered。故填covered。 30．We received a (warn) from the local government of the coming typhoon (台风). 【答案】warning 【详解】句意：我们收到了当地政府关于即将到来的台风的警告。warn“警告；告诫”，动词。根据不定冠词“a”可知，此处需要名词形式作宾语，“warn”的名词是“warning”，表示“警告；警示”，且为可数名词单数形式。故填warning。 31．I thought I failed the Maths test. I made so many mistakes during the exam. But to my (surprising), I got an A． 【答案】surprise 【详解】句意：我以为我数学考试不及格。我在考试中犯了很多错误。但令我惊讶的是，我得了A。surprising“令人惊讶的”，形容词，to one’s surprise“令某人惊讶的是”，固定短语，其中surprise为名词形式。故填surprise。 32．My sister has been on a diet for a long time. Her efforts make her look much (slim) than before. 【答案】slimmer 【详解】句意：我姐姐已经节食很久了。她的努力让她看起来比以前苗条多了。根据“than”可知，此处需用形容词的比较级形式。“slim”是重读闭音节形容词，其比较级变化规则为双写尾字母“m”再加“-er”，即“slimmer”；且“much”可修饰比较级，加强程度。故填slimmer。 33．The (comfortable) chair made him feel tired after sitting for a long time. He decided to buy a more comfortable one. 【答案】uncomfortable 【详解】句意：坐了很长时间之后，这把不舒服的椅子让他感觉很累。他决定买一把更舒服的椅子。根据“made him feel tired”和“He decided to buy a more comfortable one.”可知，此处指椅子不舒服，所以才会决定买更舒服的，comfortable“舒服的”，反义词为uncomfortable“不舒服的”，形容词作定语修饰名词chair。故填uncomfortable。 34．—I’m trying to get up early every day, but it’s so hard. —I used (have) the same problem. But now I can get up easily. 【答案】to have 【详解】句意：——我正努力每天早起，但这太难了。——我过去也有同样的问题。但现在我能轻松起床了。used to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“过去常常做某事”，所以空处用不定式。故填to have。 35． The science exhibition in the city museum offers a good chance (explore) the world of science. 【答案】to explore 【详解】句意：城市博物馆的科学展览提供了一个探索科学世界的好机会。offer a good chance to do sth“提供一个做某事的好机会”，固定用法，动词要用不定式形式，explore不定式为to explore。故填to explore。 三、选词填空 用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。 shut  operation  shock  history  after a while 36．The news about the earthquake was really . Many people lost their homes and loved ones in the disaster. 37．—It’s getting cold outside. Would you like the window? —OK. I’ll do it right away. I don’t want the cold air to come in. 38．—The doctor said my grandma needs an operation. I’m so worried. —Don’t worry too much. The doctors here can very well. 39．There are many stories about how people in the past dealt with natural disasters like hurricanes. 40．We were waiting for the bus at the station. , the bus finally came and we got on it happily. 【答案】36．shocking 37．to shut 38．operate 39．historical 40．After a while 【解析】36．句意：关于地震的消息真的令人震惊。许多人在这场灾难中失去了家园和挚爱之人。空格处需填形容词作表语，结合“Many people lost their homes and loved ones in the disaster.”可知，备选词shock的形容词shocking“令人震惊的”，符合语境。故填shocking。 37．句意：——外面变冷了。你愿意关上窗户吗？——好的，我马上就关。我不想让冷空气进来。根据“I don’t want the cold air to come in.”可知，是要关闭窗户，shut“关闭”，符合语境，would like to do sth.“愿意做某事”，因此用动词不定式to shut。故填 to shut。 38．句意：——医生说我奶奶需要做手术。我很担心。——别太担心。这里的医生手术做得很好。根据“The doctor said my grandma needs an operation.”可知，奶奶需要做手术，此处应是表达医生手术会做得好，operation“手术”，名词，对应的动词operate“做手术”，符合语境，情态动词can后接动词原形。故填operate。 39．句意：有许多关于过去的人们如何应对飓风等自然灾害的历史故事。空格处作定语修饰名词“stories”，结合“how people in the past”可知，备选词history的形容词historical“历史的”，符合语境。故填historical。 40．句意：我们在车站等公交车。过了一会儿，公交车终于来了，我们高兴地上了车。根据“We were waiting for the bus at the station.”可知，等待后公交车才到来，after a while“过了一会儿”，作时间状语，符合语境，句首首字母大写。故填After a while。 increase  bleed  victim  fashion  above all 41．The of the accident need immediate help. We should do something to help these people. 42．The number of tourists visiting the area since the summer vacation. 43．—Oh, no! Tom cut his finger. What should we do? —Be quick! Press on the wound, or he will too much. 44．When you are choosing a friend, look for someone kind, funny and smart. , make sure they are honest. 45．—She looks so beautiful today. What’s she wearing? —She’s wearing the latest clothes. 【答案】41．victims 42．has increased 43．bleed 44．Above all 45．fashion 【解析】41．句意：事故的受害者需要立即帮助。我们应该做些事来帮助这些人。根据“The ... of the accident need immediate help. ”及备选词汇可知，应是说事故的受害者需要帮助，“victim”符合语境，结合“these people”可知应用复数形式“victims”。故填victims。 42．句意：自暑假以来，参观该地区的游客数量已经增加了。根据“The number of tourists visiting the area ... since the summer vacation.”及备选词汇可知，应是说游客数量增加了，“increase”符合语义。由“since the summer vacation”可知时态为现在完成时，“the number of+名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用三单形式，“increase”的现在完成时形式是“has increased”。故填has increased。 43．句意：——哦，不！汤姆割破了手指。我们该怎么办？——快点！按住伤口，否则他会流很多血。根据“Press on the wound, or he will ... too much.”及备选词汇可知，汤姆割破手指，所以要按住伤口，以防流血太多，“bleed”符合受伤后的情境。设空处前有“will”，后接动词原形。故填bleed。 44．句意：当你选择朋友时，找一个善良、有趣且聪明的人。最重要的是，确保他们诚实。根据“When you are choosing a friend, look for someone kind, funny and smart ... make sure they are honest.”及备选词汇可知，前句列举了选朋友的几个品质，后句“确保他们诚实”是更重要的一点，“above all”用于强调，符合逻辑。“above all”是固定短语，在句中作插入语，首字母需大写。故填Above all。 45．句意：——她今天看起来真漂亮。她穿了什么？——她穿着最新的时尚服装。根据“She’s wearing the latest ... clothes.”及备选词汇可知，此处指最新的时尚服装，“fashion”与“clothes”搭配，“fashion clothes”表示“时尚服装”，符合语境。“fashion”是名词，在句中作定语修饰“clothes”，用原形即可。故填fashion。 词汇语境练-语篇 四、短文选词填空 warning  increase  courage  safety  along the coast In a tight-knit (紧密团结的) community 46 , life usually goes on peacefully. The people there enjoy the beautiful scenery and the fresh seafood every day. However, one day, their peaceful life was disrupted (打断). The local weather station issued (发布) a serious 47 that a strong typhoon was coming. As soon as the alarm went off, people started to take action. They knew the importance of 48 and began to prepare for the coming storm. Some people used the net to search for information on how to protect their houses from the typhoon. They found that strengthening (加固) the windows and doors with iron bars could be helpful. Others rushed to buy daily necessities (必需品), and the number of people in the supermarket 49 quickly. A group of young volunteers decided to help the elderly and the victims of previous (先前的) disasters in the community. Among them was a young girl named Emma. She showed great 50 and took charge of a team. They visited each elderly person’s home, checking if he or she needed any help. 【答案】46．along the coast 47．warning 48．safety 49．increased 50．courage 【导语】本文主要讲述了一个沿海紧密团结的社区原本过着平静的生活，然而一场强台风的预警打破了这份平静，人们开始行动起来为应对台风做准备，一些年轻人还主动帮助社区里的老人和先前灾害的受灾者。 46．句意：在一个沿海紧密团结的社区里，生活通常平静地进行着。根据“In a tight-knit (紧密团结的) community...”及所给单词可知，此处是指沿海的社区，用短语along the coast“沿海”，在句中作后置定语修饰community。故填along the coast。 47．句意：当地气象台发布了一个严重警告，一场强台风即将来临。根据“a serious...that a strong typhoon was coming”及所给单词可知，是指发布了一个严重警告，warning“警告”，a后跟名词单数。故填warning。 48．句意：他们知道安全的重要性，并开始为即将到来的风暴做准备。根据“They knew the importance of...and began to prepare for the coming storm.”及所给单词可知，是为安全做准备，空处用名词safety“安全”，在句中作宾语。故填safety。 49．句意：其他人则冲去买日常必需品，超市里的人数迅速增加。根据“Others rushed to buy daily necessities (必需品), and the number of people in the supermarket...quickly.”及所给单词可知，是指人数迅速增加，increase“增加”，根据“rushed”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填increased。 50．句意：她表现出极大的勇气，负责一个团队。根据“She showed great...and took charge of a team.”及所给单词可知，是指表现出极大的勇气，courage“勇气”，不可数名词。故填courage。 五、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词(有提示词的，填入所给单词的正确形式) The storm brought people closer together. Ben could hear strong winds outside his home in Alabama. Black 51 (cloud) were making the sky very dark. With no light outside, it felt like midnight. 52 news on TV reported that a heavy rainstorm was in the area. Everyone in the neighbourhood was busy. Ben’s dad was putting pieces 53 wood over the windows while his mum was making sure the flashlights and radio 54 (be) working. She also put some candles and matches on the table. Ben was helping his mum make dinner when the rain began to beat 55 (heavy) against the windows. Ben couldn’t sleep at first. He finally 56 (fall) asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m. When he woke up, the sun was 57 (rise). He went outside with his family and found the neighbourhood in a mess. Fallen trees, 58 (broke) windows and rubbish were everywhere. They joined the neighbours and tried their best 59 (clean) up the neighbourhood together. The storm broke many things apart, 60 it brought families and neighbours closer together. 【答案】 51．clouds 52．The 53．of 54．were 55．heavily 56．fell 57．rising 58．broken 59．to clean 60．but 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了暴风雨来临时，Ben一家和邻居们如何共同应对灾难，以及暴风雨过后大家齐心协力清理家园的故事。 51．句意：黑色的云使天空变得非常黑暗。根据“were”可知，此处需要名词复数形式表示“云”。故填clouds。 52．句意：电视新闻报道称，该地区正在遭遇一场强暴雨。根据“news on TV reported”可知，此处特指电视上播放的新闻，需用定冠词。故填The。 53．句意：Ben的爸爸正在用木条封住窗户，而妈妈正在确认手电筒和收音机是否正常工作。pieces of是固定搭配，这里表示所属关系。故填of。 54．句意：Ben的爸爸正在用木条封住窗户，而妈妈正在确认手电筒和收音机是否正常工作。根据上文“was putting”可知，主语是复数，动作发生在过去，be动词需用were。故填were。 55．句意：Ben正在帮妈妈做晚饭，这时大雨开始打在窗户上。修饰动词beat需用副词形式。故填heavily。 56．句意：凌晨3点左右，风渐渐小了，他终于睡着了。根据“when the wind was dying down”可知，时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填fell。 57．句意：当他醒来时，太阳正在升起。根据“the sun was…”可知，此处为过去进行时，动词需用现在分词。故填rising。 58．句意：到处都是倒下的树木、破碎的窗户和垃圾。根据“windows and rubbish”可知，修饰名词windows需用形容词broken。故填broken。 59．句意：他们和邻居们一起尽力把社区打扫干净。try one’s best to do为固定搭配，表示“尽某人最大的努力做”。故填to clean。 60．句意：暴风雨摧毁了许多东西，但它让家人和邻居们更紧密地团结在一起。根据“broke many things apart…it brought families closer”可知，前后为转折关系。故填but。 $Unit 6 When disaster strikes 词汇专项过关 目录 词汇基础练 词汇语境练-句子 词汇语境练-语篇 词汇基础练 一、汉译英 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 adj.不复存在的;不再拥有的 n.地,地面 adj.害怕的,恐惧的 v.(使)关(合)上,(使)关闭 adj.惊人的,骇人的,令人难以置信的 n.公共马车,四轮大马车 adv.笔直地,成直线地 n.沙滩 n.洪水,水灾 adj.浓密的;混浊的 n.(燃烧产生的)烟 n.一大批,一阵 adj.(有关)历史的 n.专家 n.时间表 n.反应 n.航空公司 n.工作日 n.铁路,铁道 n.暴风雨 n.(车、船等的)交通服务,班次 v.寻找,搜索,搜寻 n.祖国 adj.剧烈的;厉害的;非常严重的 n.危险 n.海啸 n.警告,警示 adj.极坚强的n.铁 n.时装业 adj.苗条的,修长的 v.流血,出血 adj.不舒服的 n.牛仔裤 adj. 令人鼓舞的,振奋人心的 pron.她自己 n.大学 n.荣幸,光荣 n.伤痛,伤害 n.女主角,女主人公 短语 与...有关;涉及 自然灾害 当地居民 把...变成... 叫醒;醒来 不得不;必须 待在外面过夜 闭上某人的眼睛 第二天早晨 就在那时 令人震惊的事 左右摇摆,左右移动 往后退;返回 把某人留下;丢下某人 继续前进;往前走 在陆地上空蔓延 充满,密布 纷纷扬扬地落下 在黑暗中 过了一会儿 被灰烬覆盖 没有想到…;没考虑… 即将发生的事 假肢 在…的支持下 鼓励的话语 半程马拉松 勇敢面对某事 最重要的是;尤其是 做你人生的主人公 二、词汇拓展（单词变形） scare(v.)使惊恐→____________ (adj.) 恐惧的 shock(v.)使震惊→____________ (adj.）惊人的 history (n.) 历史→____________（adj.）有关历史的 warn(v.)警告→____________ (n.)警告，警示 comfortable(adj.)舒服的→____________ (adj.)不舒服的 encourage(v.)鼓励→____________ (adj.)令人鼓舞的 her(pron.)她→____________ (pron.)她自己 react(v.)反应→____________ (n.）反应 三、重点用法 ____________ 决定做某事 ____________ 开始敬某事 ____________ 要求某人做某事 ____________ 拒绝做某事 ____________试图做某事;努力做某事 ____________ 过去常常做某事 ____________ 鼓励某人做某事 ____________停止做某事 ____________ 使某人… 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 6 zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 词汇语境练-句子 一、单项选择 1．The firefighters (消防员) showed amazing ________ when they rushed into the burning building. A．challenge B．change C．culture D．courage 2．Lucy is going to study in ________ university and she wants to be ________ expert. A．a; a B．an; an C．an; a D．a; an 3．—Where did you get the toy car? —From my sister. She drew the picture of the toy car through DeepSeek and made it ________. A．myself B．himself C．herself D．yourself 4．—Is winter here too cold for a fox? —No. Foxes’ fur is ________ to keep them warm. A．too thick B．thick enough C．so thick D．enough thick 5．China provided free medical services ________ sick people infected with COVID-19. A．to B．with C．on D．for 6．Pandas are ________. We must save them. A．scary B．cute C．friendly D．in danger 7．When I saw Betty yesterday, she ______ an old woman cross the road. A．helps B．will help C．was helping D．have helped 8．He will, no doubt, be recommended as this Year’s Excellent Officer because he is clever, easy-going and ___________ hardworking. A．after all B．first of all C．believe it or not D．above all 9．The doctor told him to stay in bed because he ________ a lot in the accident. A．bled B．bleed C．bleeding D．blood 10．—Why is she so excited? —Because it’s ________ for her to meet her favourite singer in person. A．a great honour B．a half marathon C．an artificial leg D．disaster survivors 11．My parents always ________ me ________ try new things, even if I might fail. A．encourage; to B．share; on C．look forward; to D．face; with 12．He ________ a basketball player, but now he works as a coach because of an injury. A．used to be B．is used to be C．used to being D．is used to being 13．________ his teammates, he kept practicing and finally won the game. A．Without the support of B．With the support of C．In the shadow of D．On the social media of 14．We should ________ our mistakes ________ and learn from them. A．face; with courage B．carry; the torch C．break; our dream D．lose; our leg 15．With the help of her friends, she ________ and started to make new friends at her new school. A．broke her dream B．came out of the shadows C．lost her leg D．drew his attention 二、单词拼写 16．After the big party, the ground was covered in (灰). The children came early in the morning to clean up the area and make it tidy again. 17．Last night, a terrible (暴风雨) hit our town. The strong wind and heavy rain made a lot of noise. 18．The news of the (海啸) shocked the whole world. Many countries offered help. 19．The young like wearing (牛仔裤), because they think that looks cool. 20．The young girl became a well-known (女英雄) for saving a child from a burning building. 21．She dreams of going to a good (大学) in another city to study literature (文学). 22．In old movies, we often see people traveling in (公共马车), with horses running on the dirt roads. 23．—I need something strong for my garden gate. Any ideas? —You can choose (铁) products. They are very useful in daily life. 24．My father works for two big (航空公司). He travels to different countries to offer good service to passengers. 25．The (serve) in this restaurant has improved a lot recently. 26．When the fire started in the kitchen, a lot of (smoking) filled the room. 27．Little Tom was (scary) when he couldn’t find his parents in the crowded shopping centre. 28．My brother refused (clean) his room, so our mother was quite angry. 29．The mountains in winter are (cover) in snow, looking like beautiful white giants (巨人). 30．We received a (warn) from the local government of the coming typhoon (台风). 31．I thought I failed the Maths test. I made so many mistakes during the exam. But to my (surprising), I got an A． 32．My sister has been on a diet for a long time. Her efforts make her look much (slim) than before. 33．The (comfortable) chair made him feel tired after sitting for a long time. He decided to buy a more comfortable one. 34．—I’m trying to get up early every day, but it’s so hard. —I used (have) the same problem. But now I can get up easily. 35． The science exhibition in the city museum offers a good chance (explore) the world of science. 三、选词填空 用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。 shut  operation  shock  history  after a while 36．The news about the earthquake was really . Many people lost their homes and loved ones in the disaster. 37．—It’s getting cold outside. Would you like the window? —OK. I’ll do it right away. I don’t want the cold air to come in. 38．—The doctor said my grandma needs an operation. I’m so worried. —Don’t worry too much. The doctors here can very well. 39．There are many stories about how people in the past dealt with natural disasters like hurricanes. 40．We were waiting for the bus at the station. , the bus finally came and we got on it happily. increase  bleed  victim  fashion  above all 41．The of the accident need immediate help. We should do something to help these people. 42．The number of tourists visiting the area since the summer vacation. 43．—Oh, no! Tom cut his finger. What should we do? —Be quick! Press on the wound, or he will too much. 44．When you are choosing a friend, look for someone kind, funny and smart. , make sure they are honest. 45．—She looks so beautiful today. What’s she wearing? —She’s wearing the latest clothes. 词汇语境练-语篇 四、短文选词填空 warning  increase  courage  safety  along the coast In a tight-knit (紧密团结的) community 46 , life usually goes on peacefully. The people there enjoy the beautiful scenery and the fresh seafood every day. However, one day, their peaceful life was disrupted (打断). The local weather station issued (发布) a serious 47 that a strong typhoon was coming. As soon as the alarm went off, people started to take action. They knew the importance of 48 and began to prepare for the coming storm. Some people used the net to search for information on how to protect their houses from the typhoon. They found that strengthening (加固) the windows and doors with iron bars could be helpful. Others rushed to buy daily necessities (必需品), and the number of people in the supermarket 49 quickly. A group of young volunteers decided to help the elderly and the victims of previous (先前的) disasters in the community. Among them was a young girl named Emma. She showed great 50 and took charge of a team. They visited each elderly person’s home, checking if he or she needed any help. 五、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词(有提示词的，填入所给单词的正确形式) The storm brought people closer together. Ben could hear strong winds outside his home in Alabama. Black 51 (cloud) were making the sky very dark. With no light outside, it felt like midnight. 52 news on TV reported that a heavy rainstorm was in the area. Everyone in the neighbourhood was busy. Ben’s dad was putting pieces 53 wood over the windows while his mum was making sure the flashlights and radio 54 (be) working. She also put some candles and matches on the table. Ben was helping his mum make dinner when the rain began to beat 55 (heavy) against the windows. Ben couldn’t sleep at first. He finally 56 (fall) asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m. When he woke up, the sun was 57 (rise). He went outside with his family and found the neighbourhood in a mess. Fallen trees, 58 (broke) windows and rubbish were everywhere. They joined the neighbours and tried their best 59 (clean) up the neighbourhood together. The storm broke many things apart, 60 it brought families and neighbours closer together. $