专题07 阅读表达（期末真题汇编，北京专用）高一英语上学期

专题07 阅读表达 主题01 人与社会——历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一上·北京市通州区·期末） When I was a boy growing up in New Jersey in the 1960s, we had a milkman delivering milk to our doorstep. His name was Mr. Basille. He wore a white cap and drove a white truck. As a 5-year-old boy, I couldn't take my eyes off the coin changer fixed to his belt. He noticed this one day during a delivery and gave me a quarter out of his coin changer. Of course, he delivered more than milk. There was cheese, eggs and so on. If we needed to change our order, my mother would pen a note — “Please add a bottle of buttermilk next delivery” — and place it in the box along with the empty bottle. And then, the buttermilk would magically appear. All of this was about more than convenience (方便). There existed a close relationship between families and their milkmen. Mr. Basille even had a key to our house, for those times when it was so cold outside that we put the box indoors, so that the milk wouldn't freeze. And I remember Mr. Basille from time to time taking a break at our kitchen table, having a cup of tea and telling stories about his delivery. There is sadly no home milk delivery today. Big companies allowed the production of cheaper milk, thus making it difficult for milkmen to compete. Besides, milk is for sale everywhere, and it may just not have been practical to have a delivery service. Recently, an old milk box in the countryside I saw brought back my childhood memories. I took it home and planted it on the back porch (门廊). Every so often my son's friends will ask what it is. So I start telling stories of my boyhood, and of the milkman who brought us friendship along with his milk. 1．What did Mr. Basille do when he noticed I couldn't take my eyes off the coin changer? 2．Why does home milk delivery no longer exist? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The writer took an old milk box home because he needed it for his milk bottles. 4．Write out one of your unforgettable childhood experiences. (In about 40 words) Passage 2 （24-25学年高一上·北京市房山区·期末） Festivals are usually of limited duration, ranging from a few days to several weeks, and are often held on a regular or annual basis. They are typically celebrated by a community, a group of people, or an entire society. People often celebrate them because of deep-rooted cultural or historical meanings. There are a wide variety of festival types around the world, each with its own theme, focus and target audience. For example, music festivals are events that focus on the presentation of live musical performances. These festivals attract large crowds and can include various musical genres such as rock, pop, classical music. Food festivals are events that highlight the cuisine and food of a specific region or culture. These festivals offer people the opportunity to taste a variety of traditional dishes, meet famous chefs and participate in cooking classes. Cultural festivals are events that celebrate the diversity and traditions of a community or ethnic group. These festivals often include some ceremonies and activities that reflect the cultural identity of the region. Festivals are of significance in society and offer a range of benefits. Firstly, festivals provide a platform for artists and creators to exhibit and share their work with the public. This encourages creativity, exchange of ideas and appreciation of different forms of artistic expression. Besides, festivals are cultural shows that help to promote and preserve the traditions. People will promote their community unity and sense of belonging by bringing the people with the same tradition together. Festivals also attract visitors from different places, which contributes to the development of local tourism and the economy of the area. Of course, festivals offer a unique experience of fun and entertainment for attendees, who will have a lasting memory. Remember that festivals allows us to connect with our passions, discover new forms of expression and enjoy the company of friends and loved ones. So, next time you find yourself in the opportunity to attend a festival, don’t hesitate and immerse yourself in this unique experience full of joy and celebration! 1．Why do people often celebrate festivals? 2．What can people usually do in food festivals? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Community unity and a sense of belonging can be promoted by attracting visitors from different places. 4．What can you do to help pass down Spring Festival traditions? (In about 40 words) 主题02 人与社会——文学、艺术与体育 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一上·北京市西城区·期末） When you step into a theater, there’s a high chance that the seats will be red. Have you ever wondered why the seats in movie theaters are red? This question can be answered in an interesting way, both historically and scientifically. The tradition of red theater seats dates back to the 19th century. In Italy, the center of opera art, red and gold colors were used in the first opera building built in Venice. These colors represented the royal (皇家的) family. As opera spread to the rest of Europe, other opera houses also started using red seats. Only the French preferred the color blue to red, since blue represented the royal family. Over time, interest in opera decreased and was replaced by theater and cinema. Theater and cinema halls also continued the opera tradition and used the color red in their halls. This color made the audience feel emotions such as happiness, energy, and action. The choice of red for theater seats isn’t just about history — it’s also about the science of light and color perception (感知). With a wavelength of 650 nm, red is the first color that we lose in low-light conditions. Once the house lights go down, the red color will be the first to disappear from our sight. So when the stage lights come up, red seats seem to “disappear”, making it easier for the audience to focus on the performance they are watching. The red seats in a theater are more than just a design choice. So, next time you settle into a red chair before the show begins, take a moment to appreciate the seat on which you’re sitting. The choice of red is not just about what looks good — it’s about what feels right for the theater, a place where art, tradition, and experience come together in perfect harmony (和谐). 1．When did the tradition of red theater seats begin? (不多于4个单词) 2．Why did the French prefer blue to red? (不多于6个单词) 3．In addition to history, what else led to the choice of red for theater seats? (不多于7个单词) 4．What does the color red symbolize during Spring Festival? Please give an example. (单词数不限) 主题03 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一上·北京市东城区·期末） This summer, I paid my 12-year-old daughter $100 to read a book. I can’t say I am proud — but I am extremely satisfied, because the plan worked. My daughter is a smart kid. But until I offered her cash, she’d never read a whole chapter book (章节书) for pleasure. She’d read books for school, but getting her to do that was like pulling teeth. And on her own, she’d read a few comic novels and listened to some audio books. Unfortunately, none of those activities led to a habit of classic deep reading. I told her that she needed to read because novels are the greatest way to understand people’s minds. She said she could learn more from watching the people she followed on a social medium (媒体). I said books offered storytelling. She said, “The Internet.” I said books taught history. She said, “The Internet.” I could not win our debates, because few of my daughters’ ideas against reading seemed wrong to me. Yes, reading is a way to broaden your universe and discover new worlds — but so is the Internet. But for those of us who are lifelong readers — who hold in our minds like friends the ideas and characters we’ve collected over the years from the printed page — we all know that reading enriches our experiences. As Neil Postman wrote in “The Disappearance of Childhood”, by its nature, a screen-based medium like TV or video must fill in all the blanks (空白) for you. But books leave space for blanks — and for the inner invention they can inspire. So I decided to cut through all the reasoning with a cold means: cash. I told my12-year-old I would pay her $100 to read a novel within a month. She said, “What? Really?” Then, of course, she said yes. On the seventh day, she finished the book and asked for another one, then finished that one in about two weeks — at no extra charge. Will this lead to a long reading life full of books that she will come to see as friends, teachers and cheerleaders? I don’t know. What I do know is that my daughter now has $100 worth of new sports suits. I also know that together, we finally opened a door for her to the printed page that I imagine — I hope — will serve her for a lifetime. That feels like the best money I ever spent. 1．How does the author feel about her way to encourage her daughter to read? 2．As for the Internet, what does the author agree with her daughter about? 3．According to the passage, please complete the following sentence. The author insisted that her daughter should read printed books because ______ . 4．Do you think it is a good way to encourage a person to read with money? Why or why not? (In about 40 words) Passage 2 （24-25学年高一上·北京市昌平区·期末） Sometimes I really wish that I hadn’t quit swimming. It’s a great form of exercise, yet, when I think back to the days when I had been in swimming classes, I still suffer from the fear for all the pains, and jealousy (嫉妒) I had felt in that environment. I wasn’t a bad swimmer back then. I was even in the highest-level group in the entire club. Although, within all these top swimmers, I was practically one of the worst. That being said, I was not content to remain even at the bottom of the top, so I worked hard and tried my best to improve. I had always been told “hard work pays off.” But I felt I was working harder than my classmates but still stuck at the tail end of the group. Disappointed, I gave it up. For a long time, I told myself my jealous y was an unavoidable step for self-improvement. I was afraid that letting go of my competitive drive would lead to a habit of underachievement. Therefore, I needed competition and comparison to do better. For a while, this was effective. My competitive nature pushed me to work harder in swimming class instead of taking the easy way out. It was only after I quit swimming that I learned that negative (负面的) comparison is not the only way to get inspired. In fact, there are many other good options that I can use to push myself forward without leading to a sense of failure when falling short of goals. I now understood that going swimming by itself would have met my goal of exercise, and I would have been content enough with being in competition with myself. I have applied this kind of thinking for many of the other things since. It helped give me a better understanding of success, be it in swimming or other fields. 1．Why did the writer give up swimming? 2．What did the writer learn after giving up swimming? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The writer finally understood that he should be content because he had already been in the highest-level group. 4．After reading this passage, what is your understanding of “competition”? (In about 40 words) 主题04 人与自我——做人与做事 Passage 1 （23-24学年高一上·北京市朝阳区·期末） Nowadays, people are spending more hours on work. However, taking some time off is important for refreshing yourselves. If you’re having trouble making time for a break, the recent research by the UCLA’s Anderson School suggests that treating your weekends like a vacation can make you happier. The findings are based on a series of experiments. In one study of 441 workers, half of the test subjects were instructed to have a normal weekend, while the others had to “treat their weekend like a vacation.” The next Monday, the weekend vacationers reported that they felt happier and were generally more satisfied than those who had had a normal weekend. The vacationers also reported they spent more money in vacation mode—about $ 130 compared to $104. But it wasn’t the money that bought them happiness. The researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend. The vacationers were still happier than the ones who had experienced a typical weekend. The reason the vacation approach may have worked wonders: The vacation mindset allows people to be more attentive to the present moment. “We’re always trying to get through things to check off our to-do lists and treating the weekend like a vacation pushes us out of our continuous ‘doing’ mode,” said Cassie Holmes, a professor at UCLA’s Anderson School. The study showed that getting into a vacation mindset during the weekend is relatively easy. Even if you can’t take the entire weekend “off”, you can manage to steal a piece of the weekend to gain the benefits of a vacation mindset. 1．What does the research of the UCLA’s Anderson School suggest? 2．Why may the vacation approach have worked wonders? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. When the researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend, the vacation group was unhappier than the other group. 4．What would you do to get into a vacation mindset at weekends? And explain why.(In about 40 words) 主题01 人与社会——历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （23-24学年高一上·北京市西城区·期末） I have a special rule for travel: never carry a map. I prefer to ask for directions. Sometimes I get lost, but I usually don’t mind. I can practice a new language, meet new people, and learn new customs. And I find out about different “styles” of giving directions every time I ask, “How can I get to the post office?” Foreign tourists are often confused in Japan because most streets don’t have names. In Japan, people use landmarks in their directions instead of street names. For example, the Japanese will say to travelers, “Go straight down to the corner. Turn left at the big hotel and go pasta fruit market. The post office is across from the bus stop. ” In the countryside of the American Midwest, there are not usually many landmarks. There are no mountains, so the land is very flat; in many places there are no towns, or buildings within miles. Instead of landmarks, people will tell you directions and distances. In Kansas or Iowa, for instance, people will say, “Go north two miles. Turn east, and then go another mile.” People in Los Angeles, California, have no idea of distance on the map: they measure distance in Los Angeles in time, not miles. “How faraway is the post office?” you ask. “Oh,” they answer, “it’s about five minutes from here. ”You say, “Yes, but how many miles away is it?” They don’t know. People in Greece sometimes do not even try to give directions because tourists seldom understand the Greek language. Instead, a Greek person will often say, “Follow me. ”Then he’ll lead you through the streets of the city to the post office. Sometimes a person doesn’t know the answer to your question. What happens in this situation? A New Yorker might say, “Sorry, I have no idea. ”But in Yucatan, Mexico, no one answers, “I don’t know. ”People in Yucatan believe that “I don’t know” is impolite. They usually give an answer, often a wrong one. A tourist can get very, very lost in Yucatan! One thing will help you everywhere—in Japan, the United States, Greece, Mexico, or any other place. You might not understand a person’s words, but you can probably understand the person’s body language: He or she will usually turn and then point in the correct direction. Go in that direction, and you may find the post office. 1．Why doesn’t the writer mind getting lost? (不多于 14 个单词) 2．Please list three examples of landmarks mentioned in Paragraph 2. (不多于 10 个单词) 3．How do people in Los Angeles measure distance? (不多于 2 个单词) 4．What is the passage mainly talking about? (单词数不限) 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一上·北京市顺义区·期末） We all know how it feels to go a night without sleep. But a day with little sleep doesn’t always have to be a bad day. We just need to give ourselves a little extra care. So here are some tips to care for yourself after a night with little rest. Firstly, give yourself a break. In our culture, we often feel that we have to push ourselves to do our best even when facing sleeplessness. But it’s okay to take a break. Breaking down tasks or putting off important decisions might be good choices on a sleepy day. Many people choose to drink coffee when they are short of sleep. But time is the key here. If people do drink coffee, they should do it as early as possible. What’s worse than one sleepless night is two sleepless nights. Too much coffee too late in the day can make it harder to fall asleep. It’s also a good idea to let people know you haven’t slept well. Not having enough rest can make us easier to get angry. It can also affect our memory and concentration, making us more likely to make mistakes. Most people expect to be given the message when others haven’t slept well. This way, they will be ready to offer more space and patience. Finally, try exercising. Exercise might be the last thing you want to do on a day when you feel sleepy, yet even a short walk up and down the stairs may help you wake up a bit and lift your spirits. But you have to know your limits, or it might cause serious problems. The best way to exercise on a sleepy day is to do it slowly, gently, and in small amounts. All in all, being short of sleep can be a challenging experience. Still, with care, it is possible to have a good day. 1．What might be good choices on a sleepy day according to Paragraph 2?（不多于8个单词） 2．When should people drink coffee on a day with little sleep according to Paragraph 3?（不多于4个单词） 3．What can make people easier to get angry?（不多于4个单词） 4．What’s the best way to exercise on a sleepy day?（不多于9个单词） 5．What is the passage mainly about?（不多于12个单词） Passage 2 （24-25学年高一上·北京市密云区·期末） Optional classes are an important part of high school education, which can provide students with the opportunity to help them find their interests. The Importance of Optional Classes For personal interests, optional classes allow students to choose what they are interested in. This can lead to a more enjoyable learning experience and a deeper understanding of the knowledge And for career preparing, by offering a wide range of subjects, optional classes enable students to think about possible career paths, their future education and career choices. Besides, for skill development , optional classes often focus on developing some skills, such as creativity and problem-solving, beneficial in both school study and careers. The Variety of Choices There are a variety of optional classes for students to choose. Music: optional classes are about music theory and performance. They provide students with opportunities to express themselves creatively and develop their artistic talents. Science and Technology optional classes include computer programming and environmental science, which can help students gain a deeper understanding of the technological world. And Languages optional classes enable students to learn new languages, which can open up opportunities for travel, work, and cultural exchange. The Influence on School Study First, it can help students open their eyes. Optional classes offer students new ideas and opinions, which can provide a more open-minded way for students to learn. Second, it helps students have purposes. When students are involved in the things they enjoy, it is possible that they can achieve success in studying at school to achieve their goals because they are more inspired to study. In conclusion, optional classes play an important role in high school education. They offer students the chance to explore their interests, develop new skills and prepare for their future. 1．What do optional classes allow students to choose for personal interests? 2．What can Science and Technology optional classes help students do? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Not only can optional classes make sure that students can achieve success in studying at school , but they offer students the chance to explore their interests, develop new skills and prepare for their future. 4．Besides the optional classes mentioned in the passage, what other ones would you choose? Why? (In about 40 words) Passage 3 （24-25学年高一上·北京市延庆区·期末） I had a great interest in researching the topic of how to improve your sense of direction, because my own sense of direction is absolutely terrible. Take going to the toilet in a restaurant, for example. I can find my way there easily enough because there are signs pointing me in the right direction. But getting back to my table is another story. After all, there are no helpful signs saying, “This is where you were sitting less than five minutes ago”. However, rather than accept the situation of myself frequently walking into cupboards and backtracking down dead ends, I’m determined to give my sense of direction a much-needed improvement. Nowadays, of course, it’s easy to rely on GPS (全球卫星定位系统) to find your way. But if you really want to improve your sense of direction, it’s a good idea to count on yourself. Studying a map and memorizing the way before you set out does have its benefits — not least because the amount of mental energy it requires means it’s more likely to stick in your mind. Looking at electronic maps on a big screen — or even studying a paper map — also allows you to get a sense of that all-important bigger picture and how everywhere fits together. Paying full attention is key, too. It’s important to notice what’s around you — in all directions. Instead of staring straight ahead, make sure you look up, down and behind you as well. This will come in particularly useful when you’re on the return journey — even if it’s just finding your way back from the toilet in a restaurant. Try to relax when you’re on unfamiliar ground. It’s all too easy to be anxious and afraid if you imagine you may be lost — but this sudden feeling of anxiety will only prevent you from calmly working out which way to go. Besides, getting lost is one of the best ways to discover new places and add more detail to that ever-growing mental map — both of which will help you become “direction smarter” in the long term. Finally, your sense of direction is a use-it-or-lose-it skill. If you only stick to the ways you already know, it’s never going to get any better. So now’s the time to start exploring! 1．Why is the writer interested in the topic of how to improve your sense of direction? (不多于9个单词) 2．When is it particularly useful to notice what’s around you? (不多于6个单词) 3．What is the benefit of getting lost? (不多于13 个单词) 4．Nowadays people are increasingly relying on GPS to find their way. Do you find it helpful? Why or why not? (词数不限) Passage 4 （23-24学年高一上·北京市东城区·期末） Can you speak more than one language? Being able to communicate with people in another language is a great way to make friends and feel more confident. Language is the way we communicate with each other. It includes speaking, writing and using hand and face movements, known as sign language. Unlike countries, languages have no borders (边界) and can connect people around the world. Speaking another language helps you talk to people you may, not understand, and makes you feel more connected to them. A girl from Hungary, Havana, who is aged 12, says speaking Hungarian as well as English means she can talk to her friends from England. This makes her feel closer to her British friends because they’re able to share their interests. Learning another language can also help you gain confidence—for example, by being able to chat to local people when you travel. Studies show that being able to speak two languages also exercises the brain and makes you better at concentrating on more than one thing at a time. Alex Rawlings is a language teacher and writer who speaks more than 15 languages. He finds it’s easier to learn words that he can see or hear, rather than from a list. “For example, the words of a song are more memorable because they rhyme (押韵) and are sung,” he says. It’s also important to understand why you learn a language. Rawlings recommends writing down reasons why you want to learn the language and keep reminding yourself of them. “I’ve met lots of friends through my languages,” says Rawlings. “The more you learn, the easier it gets.” 1．What is the difference between countries and languages? 2．What makes Havana feel closer to her friends from England? 3．Rawlings says, “The more you learn, the easier it gets.” Do you agree? Why or why not? (In about 40 words) 主题03 人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一上·北京市朝阳区·期末） When I tell friends I’ve written a book about social connection, one of the most common questions I get is about “lost” friendships, the relationships with people whom someone has lost touch with over time. Should we reconnect or let them stay in the past? Two recent papers suggest that we can all be a bit braver about reaching out. The first comes from Peggy Liu at the University of Pittsburgh and her colleagues. The team asked some people to provide information of a person with whom they hadn’t been in touch for a while. They then wrote a note to that person and answered some questions about how much they thought the friend would value the gesture. The researchers forwarded the note to the named person along with a questionnaire about their feelings. It was found that the receivers welcomed the notes far more than the authors had expected, but it’s a pity that the desire to reconnect was often balanced by a fear of being rejected. The second paper is by Lara Aknin at Simon Fraser University and Gillian Sandstrom at the University of Sussex. They found that as many as 90 percent of people have lost touch with at least one old friend, but many are now unwilling to make the first move — even when researchers gave them the time to do so. Exploring further, they found that it arose from some concerns: the people worried about what to say, and they feared that the friend had changed. The old friends had started to feel like strangers, and this made Aknin and Sandstrom wonder whether a little practice at building new ties might give people the confidence to strengthen their older ones too. Sure enough, they found that asking people to start a conversation with strangers increased the chances of reaching out to their oldest friends. Our social confidence seems like a muscle — the more we use it, the stronger it becomes. We just need to have the courage to start. 1．What are the “lost” friendships? 2．Based on the two papers, why do people hesitate to reconnect with old friends? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. According to Aknin and Sandstrom, asking people to engage with strangers reduced the chances for them to reach out to their oldest friends. 4．What can you do to overcome the fear of reaching out to old friends? (In about 40 words) Passage 2 （22-23学年高一上·北京市海淀区·期末） There is a drive within all of us to create and express ourselves through art. This drive comes from a need to achieve a balance within ourselves. Art refers to the theory and physical expression of creativity found in human societies_and cultures. Its major fields include literary arts, performing arts (e. g. theater and dance) and visual arts (e. g. drawing, painting, photography, film and sculpture). Art is essential to our culture because it provides us with a deeper understanding of emotions. Through art, we learn to feel joy in times of happiness and we see pain and despair in times of suffering. Creating art allows us to slow down and experience a full range of our emotions, while viewing others’ art can release the emotions within us and allow us to explore our feelings. This can help us heal and grow, and succeed both personally and professionally. Art encourages critical thinking and promotes communication. Throughout the entire process of creating and appreciating art, we need to make decisions. We use logic and reasoning to find meaning in what we see or create. Art is a medium to share thoughts, ideas and visions that may not be expressed in other ways. Through art, we gain a better understanding of past and present cultures. Yet more importantly, there are no language barriers in art and therefore it is universal. Art also enhances our lives. The process of experiencing art engages both the body and the mind and provides us with time to reflect. That’s why art is a necessity, not a luxury. It can make a community more beautiful and a workplace more interesting. Our homes reflect our personalities through the art we choose to display. Art can inspire us, make us happy and even motivate us. We need to express ourselves through art. When we take a closer look at our world and begin to see the art and creativity in it, it can soothe, enrich or encourage ourselves. Art is beautiful , and beauty is an aesthetic quality. 1．What drives people to create and express themselves through art? 2．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Art helps people gain a better understanding of past and present cultures, and the language barriers make it difficult for people to appreciate art. 3．What is the passage mainly about? 4．What is your favourite art form? And why?(In about 40 words) Passage 3 （22-23学年高一上·北京市第十二中学·期末） The Impact of Social Media on Adolescents (青少年) Using social media has become a routine activity for most young people. In recent years the number of young people using social media has increased dramatically, so a large part of their social and emotional development is occurring while they are on the Internet. Social media allow young people to achieve many of the online tasks that are important to them offline: staying connected with friends and family, making new friends, and exchanging ideas. Some schools successfully use blogs as teaching tools, which has the benefit of improving skills in written expression and creativity. At the same time, social media helps them get what they want, increase their knowledge and confidence in their academic (学业的) performance. While social media provides many benefits, it can also have a negative impact on young people, both physically and mentally. It is easy to become addicted, and research shows that students who spend too much time on social media can suffer from poor sleep, eye fatigue, negative body image, depression, anxiety and more. Research also indicates that there are frequent online expressions of offline behaviours, which have introduced problems such as cyberbullying and online harassment (骚扰). Using social media becomes a risk to adolescents more than they can realise. When people go on to websites, they leave evidence of their visits. This ongoing record of online activity is called the “digital footprint”. One of the biggest threats to young people on social media is to their digital footprint and future reputations (名誉). Young people who lack an awareness of privacy issues often post inappropriate material without understanding that “what goes online stays online”. As a result, future jobs and college acceptance maybe put in danger by inexperienced clicks of the mouse. 1．Why is a large part of young people’s social and emotional development occurring on the Internet? 2．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Young people’s improper digital footprint may have an impact on cyberbullying and online harassment. 3．You have been physically distanced from school for more than one month in this term. How do you make full use of social media to better your life and study?  Please give one or two examples. (In about 40 words) 主题04 人与自然——自然生态 Passage 1 （23-24学年高一上·北京市昌平区·期末） In the 1950s and 1960s, people were widely using chemicals in agriculture, which polluted the food web and broke the eggs of Bald Eagles. Concern for the birds helped to pass the Endangered Species (物种) Act (ESA) on December 28,1973. The ESA is now 50 years old. It is a vital part of protection efforts in America, but it comes into play only when a species is nearly gone. There is much we can do to prevent our weak creatures from needing the act in the first place. Recent studies have shown that the best way to protect species is to protect their habitats (栖息地), because it follows a sound, nature-based logic. People and progress depend on nature for large benefits. Compared to recovering a species, protecting habitats won’t need to decide which species is the most serious case that should be treated first. In January 2023, a bill named Recovering America’s Wildlife Act (RAWA)was passed, which would provide significant funding for protection of wildlife habitat that supports species at risk. It basically modernized the Pittman-Robertson Act in 1937, one of the first species-protection acts in America. RAWA was one of the most important acts in wildlife conservation in decades providing $1.397 billion to fund local and state efforts not only to help recover endangered species but also prevent at-risk wildlife from becoming endangered. While this funding has worked for decades, the accelerating (加速) loss of biodiversity requires a new way and more investment. Protecting habitat doesn’t just protect wildlife; it protects humanity. If the desire to care for our world is not enough, it’s wise to remember that if you destroy your home, you des troy your life. 1．What is the disadvantage of ESA? 2．Why protecting habitats is better than recovering a species? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ▶RAWA, a modern version of the Pittman-Robertson Act, mainly helps to save the species that are endangered. 4．Apart from protecting habitats, what else can we do to protect animals? (In about 40 words) Passage 3 （23-24学年高一上·北京市怀柔区·期末） Are you aged between 14 and 19 years old? Do you care about your local environment? Would you like to help make the area you live in better, cleaner, safer and friendlier? If your answers are “yes”, “yes” and “yes”, then read on! A local organization is carrying out a project, giving money to groups of teenagers who want to become active citizens. Here are a few easy things you could do to get started. Meeting the neighbors. Everybody needs good neighbors. Knock on people's doors and find out what they would like to improve in your area. Set a date for a meeting and then make some plans together. If you don’t want to go round to their houses, then you could always put a note through their doors. Neighborhood watch. It is very popular in the UK. If you go away on holiday and leave your house, it’s very nice to know that a neighbor is keeping an eye on it. It’s a good way to make the area you live in safer. Lending a hand. There are often elderly people living in the neighborhood who may not be able to do the things that you can. Offer to do their shopping once a week, look after their gardens for them or maybe walk their dogs! No littering. Nobody likes picking up other people’s rubbish, but a clean street can make all the difference. Go out once or twice a week and see what you can find. You never know, one day you might find something valuable! Just tell us what you want to do. Then we’ll send you more information. 1．What is the aim of the project? (no more than 12 words) 2．Who is asked to take part in the project?(no more than 6 words) 3．What does “Lending a hand” mean?(no more than 6 words) 4．How often are the teenagers advised to get around and pick up rubbish? (no more than 5 words) / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题07 阅读表达 主题01 人与社会——历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一上·北京市通州区·期末） When I was a boy growing up in New Jersey in the 1960s, we had a milkman delivering milk to our doorstep. His name was Mr. Basille. He wore a white cap and drove a white truck. As a 5-year-old boy, I couldn't take my eyes off the coin changer fixed to his belt. He noticed this one day during a delivery and gave me a quarter out of his coin changer. Of course, he delivered more than milk. There was cheese, eggs and so on. If we needed to change our order, my mother would pen a note — “Please add a bottle of buttermilk next delivery” — and place it in the box along with the empty bottle. And then, the buttermilk would magically appear. All of this was about more than convenience (方便). There existed a close relationship between families and their milkmen. Mr. Basille even had a key to our house, for those times when it was so cold outside that we put the box indoors, so that the milk wouldn't freeze. And I remember Mr. Basille from time to time taking a break at our kitchen table, having a cup of tea and telling stories about his delivery. There is sadly no home milk delivery today. Big companies allowed the production of cheaper milk, thus making it difficult for milkmen to compete. Besides, milk is for sale everywhere, and it may just not have been practical to have a delivery service. Recently, an old milk box in the countryside I saw brought back my childhood memories. I took it home and planted it on the back porch (门廊). Every so often my son's friends will ask what it is. So I start telling stories of my boyhood, and of the milkman who brought us friendship along with his milk. 1．What did Mr. Basille do when he noticed I couldn't take my eyes off the coin changer? 2．Why does home milk delivery no longer exist? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The writer took an old milk box home because he needed it for his milk bottles. 4．Write out one of your unforgettable childhood experiences. (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．He gave me a quarter out of his coin changer. 2．Because it has been driven out of the market. 3．The writer took an old milk box homebecause he needed it for his milk bottles. Because he planted it on the porch , which evoked memories. 4．When I was eight, my grandfather taught me to fly a kite. We spent hours in the park, laughing as the colorful kite danced in the wind. Though the kite eventually broke, the memory of his patience and joy remains vivid. 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。这是一篇记叙文。作者主要通过回忆少年时代送奶员给自己带来的快乐，想念那时的岁月，逝去的总是美好的和有趣的。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“As a 5-year-old boy, I couldn’t take my eyes off the coin changer fixed to his belt. He noticed this one day during a delivery and gave me a quarter out of his coin changer.(作为一个5岁的男孩，我目不转睛地盯着他腰带上的硬币兑换机。有一天，他在送货时注意到了这一点，就从他的硬币兑换机里拿出了25美分给我)”，可知，当巴西尔先生注意到我目不转睛地盯着换硬币机时，他从他的硬币兑换机里拿出了25美分给我。故回答为：He gave me a quarter out of his coin changer. 2．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Big companies allowed the production of cheaper milk thus making it difficult for milkmen to compete. Besides, milk is for sale everywhere, and it may just not have been practical to have a delivery service.(大公司可以生产更便宜的牛奶，从而使送奶工难以与之竞争。此外，牛奶到处都可以买到，而送奶服务可能不太实际)”可知，家庭送奶不复存在是因为它已被逐出市场。故选C。故回答为：Because it has been driven out of the market. 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Recently, an old milk box in the countryside I saw brought back my childhood memories. I took it home and planted it on the back porch (门廊). Every so often my son's friends will ask what it is. So I start telling stories of my boyhood, and of the milkman who brought us friendship along with his milk.( 最近，我在农村看到的一个旧牛奶盒勾起了我童年的回忆。我把它带回家，放在后院的走廊上。我儿子的朋友们经常会问这是什么。于是我开始讲我的童年故事，讲那个送牛奶的人给我们带来友谊和牛奶的故事)”可知，作家把一个旧牛奶盒带回家，因为了把它放在门廊上并唤起回忆而非实际需要装牛奶。故回答为：The writer took an old milk box home because he needed it for his milk bottles. Because he planted it on the porch , which evoked memories. 4．开放性试题。当我八岁的时候，我爷爷教我放风筝。我们在公园里呆了几个小时，看着五颜六色的风筝在风中飞舞，我们笑了起来。虽然风筝最终断了，但他的耐心和喜悦仍然历历在目。故回答为：When I was eight, my grandfather taught me to fly a kite. We spent hours in the park, laughing as the colorful kite danced in the wind. Though the kite eventually broke, the memory of his patience and joy remains vivid. Passage 2 （24-25学年高一上·北京市房山区·期末） Festivals are usually of limited duration, ranging from a few days to several weeks, and are often held on a regular or annual basis. They are typically celebrated by a community, a group of people, or an entire society. People often celebrate them because of deep-rooted cultural or historical meanings. There are a wide variety of festival types around the world, each with its own theme, focus and target audience. For example, music festivals are events that focus on the presentation of live musical performances. These festivals attract large crowds and can include various musical genres such as rock, pop, classical music. Food festivals are events that highlight the cuisine and food of a specific region or culture. These festivals offer people the opportunity to taste a variety of traditional dishes, meet famous chefs and participate in cooking classes. Cultural festivals are events that celebrate the diversity and traditions of a community or ethnic group. These festivals often include some ceremonies and activities that reflect the cultural identity of the region. Festivals are of significance in society and offer a range of benefits. Firstly, festivals provide a platform for artists and creators to exhibit and share their work with the public. This encourages creativity, exchange of ideas and appreciation of different forms of artistic expression. Besides, festivals are cultural shows that help to promote and preserve the traditions. People will promote their community unity and sense of belonging by bringing the people with the same tradition together. Festivals also attract visitors from different places, which contributes to the development of local tourism and the economy of the area. Of course, festivals offer a unique experience of fun and entertainment for attendees, who will have a lasting memory. Remember that festivals allows us to connect with our passions, discover new forms of expression and enjoy the company of friends and loved ones. So, next time you find yourself in the opportunity to attend a festival, don’t hesitate and immerse yourself in this unique experience full of joy and celebration! 1．Why do people often celebrate festivals? 2．What can people usually do in food festivals? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Community unity and a sense of belonging can be promoted by attracting visitors from different places. 4．What can you do to help pass down Spring Festival traditions? (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．People often celebrate festivals because of deep-rooted cultural or historical meanings. 2．People can usually taste a variety of traditional dishes, meet famous chefs and participate in cooking classes in food festivals. 3．Community unity and a sense of belonging can be promotedby attracting visitors from different places. Because it is bringing people with the same tradition together that promotes community unity and a sense of belonging. 4．To help pass down Spring Festival traditions, I can organize family gatherings, watch Spring Festival Gala, make dumplings and other traditional foods, and tell stories about the festival to children. 【导语】本文为说明文。文章主要介绍节日是世界各地以各种主题和目的庆祝的重要文化活动。它们为社会带来了许多好处。 1．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“People often celebrate them because of deep-rooted cultural or historical meanings. (人们经常因为根深蒂固的文化或历史意义而庆祝它们。)”可知，人们庆祝节日通常是因为它们具有深远的文化或历史意义。故答案是：People often celebrate festivals because of deep-rooted cultural or historical meanings. 2．考查细节理解。根据第二段中“Food festivals are events that highlight the cuisine and food of a specific region or culture. These festivals offer people the opportunity to taste a variety of traditional dishes, meet famous chefs and participate in cooking classes.(美食节是突出特定地区或文化的美食和食物的活动。这些节日为人们提供了品尝各种传统菜肴、会见著名厨师和参加烹饪课的机会。)”可知，在美食节上，人们通常可以品尝各种传统美食，遇见著名的厨师，并参加烹饪课程。故答案是：People can usually taste a variety of traditional dishes, meet famous chefs and participate in cooking classes in food festivals. 3．考查细节理解。根据第三段中“People will promote their community unity and sense of belonging by bringing the people with the same tradition together.( 人们将通过将具有相同传统的人聚集在一起来促进社区团结和归属感。)”可知，这句话中错误的部分是“通过吸引来自不同地方的游客”。原因是促进社区团结和归属感的是将具有相同传统的人聚集在一起。故答案是：Community unity and a sense of belonging can be promoted by attracting visitors from different places. Because it is bringing people with the same tradition together that promotes community unity and a sense of belonging. 4．考查主观评价。根据文章大意以及题干的问题可知，例如：为了传承春节传统，我可以组织家庭聚会，观看春晚，包饺子和其他传统食品，并向孩子们讲述关于春节的故事。故答案是：To help pass down Spring Festival traditions, I can organize family gatherings, watch Spring Festival Gala, make dumplings and other traditional foods, and tell stories about the festival to children. 主题02 人与社会——文学、艺术与体育 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一上·北京市西城区·期末） When you step into a theater, there’s a high chance that the seats will be red. Have you ever wondered why the seats in movie theaters are red? This question can be answered in an interesting way, both historically and scientifically. The tradition of red theater seats dates back to the 19th century. In Italy, the center of opera art, red and gold colors were used in the first opera building built in Venice. These colors represented the royal (皇家的) family. As opera spread to the rest of Europe, other opera houses also started using red seats. Only the French preferred the color blue to red, since blue represented the royal family. Over time, interest in opera decreased and was replaced by theater and cinema. Theater and cinema halls also continued the opera tradition and used the color red in their halls. This color made the audience feel emotions such as happiness, energy, and action. The choice of red for theater seats isn’t just about history — it’s also about the science of light and color perception (感知). With a wavelength of 650 nm, red is the first color that we lose in low-light conditions. Once the house lights go down, the red color will be the first to disappear from our sight. So when the stage lights come up, red seats seem to “disappear”, making it easier for the audience to focus on the performance they are watching. The red seats in a theater are more than just a design choice. So, next time you settle into a red chair before the show begins, take a moment to appreciate the seat on which you’re sitting. The choice of red is not just about what looks good — it’s about what feels right for the theater, a place where art, tradition, and experience come together in perfect harmony (和谐). 1．When did the tradition of red theater seats begin? (不多于4个单词) 2．Why did the French prefer blue to red? (不多于6个单词) 3．In addition to history, what else led to the choice of red for theater seats? (不多于7个单词) 4．What does the color red symbolize during Spring Festival? Please give an example. (单词数不限) 【答案】1．In the 19th century. 2．Because blue represented the royal family. 3．The science of light and color perception. 4．During the Spring Festival, the color red symbolizes good luck, prosperity, and happiness. For example, people often decorate their homes with red lanterns, couplets, and paper cutouts to welcome the new year and bring good fortune. Additionally, red envelopes filled with money are given as gifts to children and unmarried adults, symbolizing blessings and good wishes for the coming year.（开放性问题，答案合理即可） 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨电影院座椅为何多为红色的原因。 1．考查细节理解。根据第二段“The tradition of red theater seats dates back to the 19th century.(红色剧院座椅的传统可追溯到19世纪。)”可知，剧院红色座位的传统是在19世纪开始的。故答案是In the 19th century.。 2．考查细节理解。根据第二段“Only the French preferred the color blue to red, since blue represented the royal family.(只有法国人更喜欢蓝色而不是红色，因为蓝色代表着皇室。)”可知，法国人喜欢蓝色胜过红色是因为蓝色代表皇室。故答案是Because blue represented the royal family.。 3．考查细节理解。根据第四段“The choice of red for theater seats isn’t just about history — it’s also about the science of light and color perception (感知).(剧院座椅选择红色，不仅仅是因为历史原因，还涉及到光和色彩感知的科学。)”可知，除了历史原因，让剧院座位选择红色还因为光和颜色感知的科学。故答案是The science of light and color perception.。 4．考查开放性试题。参考答案：在春节期间，红色象征着好运、繁荣和幸福。例如，人们常常用红灯笼、对联和剪纸装饰家园，以迎接新年并带来好运。此外，还会给儿童和未婚成年人赠送装有钱的红包，象征着对新一年的祝福和美好祝愿。故答案是During the Spring Festival, the color red symbolizes good luck, prosperity, and happiness. For example, people often decorate their homes with red lanterns, couplets, and paper cutouts to welcome the new year and bring good fortune. Additionally, red envelopes filled with money are given as gifts to children and unmarried adults, symbolizing blessings and good wishes for the coming year.。 主题03 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一上·北京市东城区·期末） This summer, I paid my 12-year-old daughter $100 to read a book. I can’t say I am proud — but I am extremely satisfied, because the plan worked. My daughter is a smart kid. But until I offered her cash, she’d never read a whole chapter book (章节书) for pleasure. She’d read books for school, but getting her to do that was like pulling teeth. And on her own, she’d read a few comic novels and listened to some audio books. Unfortunately, none of those activities led to a habit of classic deep reading. I told her that she needed to read because novels are the greatest way to understand people’s minds. She said she could learn more from watching the people she followed on a social medium (媒体). I said books offered storytelling. She said, “The Internet.” I said books taught history. She said, “The Internet.” I could not win our debates, because few of my daughters’ ideas against reading seemed wrong to me. Yes, reading is a way to broaden your universe and discover new worlds — but so is the Internet. But for those of us who are lifelong readers — who hold in our minds like friends the ideas and characters we’ve collected over the years from the printed page — we all know that reading enriches our experiences. As Neil Postman wrote in “The Disappearance of Childhood”, by its nature, a screen-based medium like TV or video must fill in all the blanks (空白) for you. But books leave space for blanks — and for the inner invention they can inspire. So I decided to cut through all the reasoning with a cold means: cash. I told my12-year-old I would pay her $100 to read a novel within a month. She said, “What? Really?” Then, of course, she said yes. On the seventh day, she finished the book and asked for another one, then finished that one in about two weeks — at no extra charge. Will this lead to a long reading life full of books that she will come to see as friends, teachers and cheerleaders? I don’t know. What I do know is that my daughter now has $100 worth of new sports suits. I also know that together, we finally opened a door for her to the printed page that I imagine — I hope — will serve her for a lifetime. That feels like the best money I ever spent. 1．How does the author feel about her way to encourage her daughter to read? 2．As for the Internet, what does the author agree with her daughter about? 3．According to the passage, please complete the following sentence. The author insisted that her daughter should read printed books because ______ . 4．Do you think it is a good way to encourage a person to read with money? Why or why not? (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．The author feels extremely satisfied. 2．The Internet is also a way to broaden our universe and discover new worlds. 3．books leave space for blanks — and for the inner invention they can inspire 4．No, it isn’t. Offering money to encourage reading can be effective in the short term, as it provides an immediate incentive. However, it may not foster a genuine love for reading, which should ideally come from personal interest and enjoyment rather than financial reward. 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己为了培养女儿阅读章节书的习惯，采取用金钱激励的方法，最终成功让女儿爱上了阅读。 1．考查细节理解。根据第一段第二句“I can’t say I am proud — but I am extremely satisfied, because the plan worked.(我不能说我感到自豪，但我非常满意，因为这个计划奏效了。)”可知，作者对她鼓励女儿阅读的方式感到非常满意。故答案是：The author feels extremely satisfied.。 2．考查推理判断。根据第六段中“I could not win our debates, because few of my daughters’ ideas against reading seemed wrong to me. Yes, reading is a way to broaden your universe and discover new worlds — but so is the Internet.(我无法赢得我们的辩论，因为我女儿反对阅读的观点很少在我看来是错误的。是的，阅读是拓宽你的世界、发现新世界的一种方式，互联网也是如此。)”可知，关于互联网，作者同意她女儿的观点是：互联网也是拓宽我们的世界和发现新世界的一种方式。故答案是：The Internet is also a way to broaden our universe and discover new worlds.。 3．考查推理判断。根据第七段最后一句“But books leave space for blanks—and for the inner invention they can inspire.(但书籍留出了空白——以及它们能激发的内心创造。)”可知，作者坚持认为她的女儿应该读纸质书，是因为书籍留出了空白——以及它们能激发的内心创造。故答案是：books leave space for blanks — and for the inner invention they can inspire。 4．考查开放性试题。本题要求根据自己的想法回答问题，没有固定答案，言之有理即可。参考答案如下：不，它不是。提供金钱来鼓励阅读可能在短期内有效，因为它提供了即时的激励。然而，这种做法可能无法培养对阅读的真正热爱，而真正的热爱理应源自个人的兴趣和乐趣，而非金钱奖励。故答案是：No, it isn’t. Offering money to encourage reading can be effective in the short term, as it provides an immediate incentive. However, it may not foster a genuine love for reading, which should ideally come from personal interest and enjoyment rather than financial reward。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高一上·北京市昌平区·期末） Sometimes I really wish that I hadn’t quit swimming. It’s a great form of exercise, yet, when I think back to the days when I had been in swimming classes, I still suffer from the fear for all the pains, and jealousy (嫉妒) I had felt in that environment. I wasn’t a bad swimmer back then. I was even in the highest-level group in the entire club. Although, within all these top swimmers, I was practically one of the worst. That being said, I was not content to remain even at the bottom of the top, so I worked hard and tried my best to improve. I had always been told “hard work pays off.” But I felt I was working harder than my classmates but still stuck at the tail end of the group. Disappointed, I gave it up. For a long time, I told myself my jealous y was an unavoidable step for self-improvement. I was afraid that letting go of my competitive drive would lead to a habit of underachievement. Therefore, I needed competition and comparison to do better. For a while, this was effective. My competitive nature pushed me to work harder in swimming class instead of taking the easy way out. It was only after I quit swimming that I learned that negative (负面的) comparison is not the only way to get inspired. In fact, there are many other good options that I can use to push myself forward without leading to a sense of failure when falling short of goals. I now understood that going swimming by itself would have met my goal of exercise, and I would have been content enough with being in competition with myself. I have applied this kind of thinking for many of the other things since. It helped give me a better understanding of success, be it in swimming or other fields. 1．Why did the writer give up swimming? 2．What did the writer learn after giving up swimming? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The writer finally understood that he should be content because he had already been in the highest-level group. 4．After reading this passage, what is your understanding of “competition”? (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．Because the writer felt he was working harder than my classmates but still stuck at the tail end of the group. 或Because the writer felt he was working harder than my classmates but still stuck at the tail end of the group. He was disappointed. 或Because the writer felt his efforts didn’t pay off. 2．Negative comparison is not the only way to get inspired. 3．The writer finally understood that he should be contentbecause he had already been in the highest-level group. Because the writer went to the swimming class for exercise and he achieved his goal. 1．Competition can be a motivator, but it shouldn't be the only source of inspiration. It's important to also focus on personal growth and self-improvement, rather than just comparing oneself to others. This approach helps maintain a positive mindset and avoids unnecessary feelings of failure. 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章作者通过回忆自己参加游泳班的经历，反思了竞争、努力与满足之间的关系，以及负面比较对个人心态的影响。 1．考查细节理解。根据第二段“But I felt I was working harder than my classmates but still stuck at the tail end of the group. Disappointed, I gave it up.(但我觉得自己比同学们都要努力，却还是处于小组的末尾。心灰意冷之下，我放弃了。)”可知，作者觉得自己比同学们更努力，但仍然排在最后，所以失望地放弃了。故答案是Because the writer felt he was working harder than my classmates but still stuck at the tail end of the group./Because the writer felt he was working harder than my classmates but still stuck at the tail end of the group. He was disappointed./Because the writer felt his efforts didn’t pay off。 2．考查细节理解。根据第四段“It was only after I quit swimming that I learned that negative comparison is not the only way to get inspired.(直到我放弃游泳之后，我才意识到，负面的比较并不是获取激励的唯一途径。)”可知，作者在放弃游泳后才意识到，负面的比较并不是获得激励的唯一途径。故答案是Negative comparison is not the only way to get inspired.。 3．考查细节理解。根据第四段“I now understood that going swimming by itself would have met my goal of exercise, and I would have been content enough with being in competition with myself.(现在我明白了，单单是去游泳本身就能达到我锻炼的目标，而且与自己竞争就足以让我感到满足了。)”可知，作者最后明白了，游泳本身就能达到锻炼的目的，他满足于和自己竞争，而不是因为他已经在最高级别的组里了。所以“因为他已经在最高级别的组里了”这部分是错误的。故答案是The writer finally understood that he should be content because he had already been in the highest-level group. Because the writer went to the swimming class for exercise and he achieved his goal. 4．开放性题目，只要回答合理即可。参考答案：竞争可以是一种激励因素，但它不应该是激励的唯一来源。重要的是还要关注个人成长和自我提升，而不仅仅是与他人比较。这种方法有助于保持积极的心态，避免不必要的失败感。故答案是Competition can be a motivator, but it shouldn't be the only source of inspiration. It’s important to also focus on personal growth and self-improvement, rather than just comparing oneself to others. This approach helps maintain a positive mindset and avoids unnecessary feelings of failure.。 主题04 人与自我——做人与做事 Passage 1 （23-24学年高一上·北京市朝阳区·期末） Nowadays, people are spending more hours on work. However, taking some time off is important for refreshing yourselves. If you’re having trouble making time for a break, the recent research by the UCLA’s Anderson School suggests that treating your weekends like a vacation can make you happier. The findings are based on a series of experiments. In one study of 441 workers, half of the test subjects were instructed to have a normal weekend, while the others had to “treat their weekend like a vacation.” The next Monday, the weekend vacationers reported that they felt happier and were generally more satisfied than those who had had a normal weekend. The vacationers also reported they spent more money in vacation mode—about $ 130 compared to $104. But it wasn’t the money that bought them happiness. The researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend. The vacationers were still happier than the ones who had experienced a typical weekend. The reason the vacation approach may have worked wonders: The vacation mindset allows people to be more attentive to the present moment. “We’re always trying to get through things to check off our to-do lists and treating the weekend like a vacation pushes us out of our continuous ‘doing’ mode,” said Cassie Holmes, a professor at UCLA’s Anderson School. The study showed that getting into a vacation mindset during the weekend is relatively easy. Even if you can’t take the entire weekend “off”, you can manage to steal a piece of the weekend to gain the benefits of a vacation mindset. 1．What does the research of the UCLA’s Anderson School suggest? 2．Why may the vacation approach have worked wonders? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. When the researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend, the vacation group was unhappier than the other group. 4．What would you do to get into a vacation mindset at weekends? And explain why.(In about 40 words) 【答案】1．Treating your weekends like a vacation can make you happier. 2．The vacation mindset allows people to be more attentive to the present moment. 3．When the researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend,the vacation group was unhappier than the other group. When the researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend, the vacationers were still happier than the ones who had experienced a typical weekend. 4．I treat the weekend like a vacation, which allows me to mentally get out of continuous work mode. Because we always want to get things done and check our to-do list, this can make us feel tense and stressed. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如今，人们花在工作上的时间越来越多。然而，休息一段时间对恢复精神很重要。如果你找不到时间休息，加州大学洛杉矶分校安德森学院最近的研究表明，把周末当作假期可以让你更快乐。 1．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“If you’re having trouble making time for a break, the recent research by the UCLA’s Anderson School suggests that treating your weekends like a vacation can make you happier.”（如果你找不到时间休息，加州大学洛杉矶分校安德森学院最近的研究表明，把周末当作假期可以让你更快乐。）可知，加州大学洛杉矶分校安德森商学院的研究表明了把周末当作假期可以让你更快乐。故答案为Treating your weekends like a vacation can make you happier. 2．考查细节理解。根据第三段中“The reason the vacation approach may have worked wonders: The vacation mindset allows people to be more attentive to the present moment.”（度假的方式可能会产生奇迹的原因是：度假的心态让人们更加关注当下。）可知，度假方式会产生奇迹是因为度假的心态让人们更加关注当下。故答案为The vacation mindset allows people to be more attentive to the present moment. 3．考查细节理解。根据第二段中“The researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend. The vacationers were still happier than the ones who had experienced a typical weekend.”（研究人员控制了两组人可以花的钱。度假者仍然比那些过了一个普通周末的人更快乐。）可知，When the researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend, the vacation group was unhappier than the other group.（当研究人员控制两组人可以花的钱时，度假组比另一组更不快乐。）这项陈述中，“度假组比另一组更不快乐”这句话是错误的。正确的表述应为：当研究人员控制两组人可以花的钱时，度假者仍然比那些过了一个普通周末的人更快乐。故答案为When the researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend, the vacation group was unhappier than the other group. When the researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend, the vacationers were still happier than the ones who had experienced a typical weekend. 4．考查主观评价。根据文章大意以及倒数第二段中““We’re always trying to get through things to check off our to-do lists and treating the weekend like a vacation pushes us out of our continuous ‘doing’ mode,” said Cassie Holmes, a professor at UCLA’s Anderson School.”（加州大学洛杉矶分校安德森学院(UCLA Anderson School)教授凯西·霍姆斯(Cassie Holmes)说：“我们总是想把事情做完，检查我们的待办事项清单，把周末当成假期，这让我们摆脱了连续不断的‘做’模式。”）以及题干的要求“你会怎么做才能在周末进入度假心态呢？并解释原因”，言之有理即可。参考答案：我会把周末当成假期，这让我从心理上摆脱了连续不断的工作模式。因为我们总是想把事情做完，检查我们的待办事项清单，这可能会让我们感到紧张和有压力。故答案为I treat the weekend like a vacation, which allows me to mentally get out of continuous work mode. Because we always want to get things done and check our to-do list, this can make us feel tense and stressed. 主题01 人与社会——历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （23-24学年高一上·北京市西城区·期末） I have a special rule for travel: never carry a map. I prefer to ask for directions. Sometimes I get lost, but I usually don’t mind. I can practice a new language, meet new people, and learn new customs. And I find out about different “styles” of giving directions every time I ask, “How can I get to the post office?” Foreign tourists are often confused in Japan because most streets don’t have names. In Japan, people use landmarks in their directions instead of street names. For example, the Japanese will say to travelers, “Go straight down to the corner. Turn left at the big hotel and go pasta fruit market. The post office is across from the bus stop. ” In the countryside of the American Midwest, there are not usually many landmarks. There are no mountains, so the land is very flat; in many places there are no towns, or buildings within miles. Instead of landmarks, people will tell you directions and distances. In Kansas or Iowa, for instance, people will say, “Go north two miles. Turn east, and then go another mile.” People in Los Angeles, California, have no idea of distance on the map: they measure distance in Los Angeles in time, not miles. “How faraway is the post office?” you ask. “Oh,” they answer, “it’s about five minutes from here. ”You say, “Yes, but how many miles away is it?” They don’t know. People in Greece sometimes do not even try to give directions because tourists seldom understand the Greek language. Instead, a Greek person will often say, “Follow me. ”Then he’ll lead you through the streets of the city to the post office. Sometimes a person doesn’t know the answer to your question. What happens in this situation? A New Yorker might say, “Sorry, I have no idea. ”But in Yucatan, Mexico, no one answers, “I don’t know. ”People in Yucatan believe that “I don’t know” is impolite. They usually give an answer, often a wrong one. A tourist can get very, very lost in Yucatan! One thing will help you everywhere—in Japan, the United States, Greece, Mexico, or any other place. You might not understand a person’s words, but you can probably understand the person’s body language: He or she will usually turn and then point in the correct direction. Go in that direction, and you may find the post office. 1．Why doesn’t the writer mind getting lost? (不多于 14 个单词) 2．Please list three examples of landmarks mentioned in Paragraph 2. (不多于 10 个单词) 3．How do people in Los Angeles measure distance? (不多于 2 个单词) 4．What is the passage mainly talking about? (单词数不限) 【答案】1．Because he can practice a new language, meet new people, and learn new customs. 2．The big hotel, a fruit market, and the bus stop. 3．In time. 4．People in different places give directions in different ways. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了作者旅行时问路发现，不同国家的人指路的方式也不同，分别列举了日本、美国中西部的乡村、加州洛杉矶、希腊以及墨西哥的指路方式。 1．考查细节理解。根据第一段“Sometimes I get lost, but I usually don’t mind. I can practice a new language, meet new people, and learn new customs.(有时我迷路了，但我通常不介意。我可以练习一门新的语言，认识新的人，学习新的习俗)”可知，作者不介意迷路是因为他可以练习一门新的语言，认识新的人，学习新的风俗习惯。故答案为Because he can practice a new language, meet new people, and learn new customs. 2．考查细节理解。根据第二段“In Japan, people use landmarks in their directions instead of street names. For example, the Japanese will say to travelers, “Go straight down to the corner. Turn left at the big hotel and go pasta fruit market. The post office is across from the bus stop. ”(在日本，人们用地标来指路，而不是用街道名称。例如，日本人会对旅行者说：“直走到拐角处。在大饭店左转，去意大利面水果市场。邮局在公共汽车站的对面。”)”可知，第二段提到的地标有大饭店、水果市场和公共汽车站。故答案为The big hotel, a fruit market, and the bus stop. 3．考查细节理解。根据第四段“People in Los Angeles, California, have no idea of distance on the map: they measure distance in Los Angeles in time, not miles.(加州洛杉矶的人不知道地图上的距离：他们在洛杉矶用时间来测量距离，而不是英里)”可知，洛杉矶人根据时间测量距离。故答案为In time. 4．考查主旨大意。根据第一段“And I find out about different “styles” of giving directions every time I ask, “How can I get to the post office?”(每次我问“我怎么能去邮局？”时，我就会发现指路的不同“风格”)”结合文章主要说明了作者旅行时问路发现，不同国家的人指路的方式也不同，分别列举了日本、美国中西部的乡村、加州洛杉矶、希腊以及墨西哥的指路方式。可知，这篇文章主要讲的是不同地方的人指路的方式也不同。故答案为People in different places give directions in different ways. 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一上·北京市顺义区·期末） We all know how it feels to go a night without sleep. But a day with little sleep doesn’t always have to be a bad day. We just need to give ourselves a little extra care. So here are some tips to care for yourself after a night with little rest. Firstly, give yourself a break. In our culture, we often feel that we have to push ourselves to do our best even when facing sleeplessness. But it’s okay to take a break. Breaking down tasks or putting off important decisions might be good choices on a sleepy day. Many people choose to drink coffee when they are short of sleep. But time is the key here. If people do drink coffee, they should do it as early as possible. What’s worse than one sleepless night is two sleepless nights. Too much coffee too late in the day can make it harder to fall asleep. It’s also a good idea to let people know you haven’t slept well. Not having enough rest can make us easier to get angry. It can also affect our memory and concentration, making us more likely to make mistakes. Most people expect to be given the message when others haven’t slept well. This way, they will be ready to offer more space and patience. Finally, try exercising. Exercise might be the last thing you want to do on a day when you feel sleepy, yet even a short walk up and down the stairs may help you wake up a bit and lift your spirits. But you have to know your limits, or it might cause serious problems. The best way to exercise on a sleepy day is to do it slowly, gently, and in small amounts. All in all, being short of sleep can be a challenging experience. Still, with care, it is possible to have a good day. 1．What might be good choices on a sleepy day according to Paragraph 2?（不多于8个单词） 2．When should people drink coffee on a day with little sleep according to Paragraph 3?（不多于4个单词） 3．What can make people easier to get angry?（不多于4个单词） 4．What’s the best way to exercise on a sleepy day?（不多于9个单词） 5．What is the passage mainly about?（不多于12个单词） 【答案】1．Breaking down tasks or putting off important decisions. 2．As early as possible. 3．Not having enough rest. 4．To do it slowly, gently, and in small amounts. 5．Some tips to care for yourself after a night with little rest. / How to care for yourself when you are short of sleep. 【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要就如何在晚上没睡好觉的情况下照顾好自己方面给出了一些建议。 1．考查细节理解。根据第二段“Breaking down tasks or putting off important decisions might be good choices on a sleepy day.(在困倦的一天，分解任务或推迟重要的决定可能是不错的选择。)”可知，在困倦的一天，分解任务或推迟重要的决定可能是不错的选择。故答案为Breaking down tasks or putting off important decisions。 2．考查细节理解。根据第三段“If people do drink coffee, they should do it as early as possible.(如果人们确实要喝咖啡，他们应该尽早喝。)”可知，在睡眠不足的一天，人们要是喝咖啡，应该今早喝。故答案为As early as possible。 3．考查细节理解。根据第四段“Not having enough rest can make us easier to get angry.(没有足够的休息会让我们更容易生气。)”可知，没有足够的休息会让人们更易生气。故答案为Not having enough rest。 4．考查细节理解。根据第五段“The best way to exercise on a sleepy day is to do it slowly, gently, and in small amounts.(在困倦的日子里，最好的锻炼方式就是慢慢地、轻轻地、少量地锻炼。)”可知，在困倦的日子，最好的锻炼方式就是慢慢地、轻轻地、少量地锻炼。故答案为To do it slowly, gently, and in small amounts。 5．考查主旨大意。根据第一段“So here are some tips to care for yourself after a night with little rest.(所以这里有一些建议，让你在一夜没怎么休息后照顾好自己。)”和最后一段“All in all, being short of sleep can be a challenging experience. Still, with care, it is possible to have a good day.(总而言之，睡眠不足是一种具有挑战性的经历。不过，只要小心谨慎，你还是有可能度过美好的一天。)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要就如何在晚上没睡好觉的情况下照顾好自己方面给出了一些建议，即如何在缺觉的时候照顾自己。故答案为Some tips to care for yourself after a night with little rest. / How to care for yourself when you are short of sleep.。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高一上·北京市密云区·期末） Optional classes are an important part of high school education, which can provide students with the opportunity to help them find their interests. The Importance of Optional Classes For personal interests, optional classes allow students to choose what they are interested in. This can lead to a more enjoyable learning experience and a deeper understanding of the knowledge And for career preparing, by offering a wide range of subjects, optional classes enable students to think about possible career paths, their future education and career choices. Besides, for skill development , optional classes often focus on developing some skills, such as creativity and problem-solving, beneficial in both school study and careers. The Variety of Choices There are a variety of optional classes for students to choose. Music: optional classes are about music theory and performance. They provide students with opportunities to express themselves creatively and develop their artistic talents. Science and Technology optional classes include computer programming and environmental science, which can help students gain a deeper understanding of the technological world. And Languages optional classes enable students to learn new languages, which can open up opportunities for travel, work, and cultural exchange. The Influence on School Study First, it can help students open their eyes. Optional classes offer students new ideas and opinions, which can provide a more open-minded way for students to learn. Second, it helps students have purposes. When students are involved in the things they enjoy, it is possible that they can achieve success in studying at school to achieve their goals because they are more inspired to study. In conclusion, optional classes play an important role in high school education. They offer students the chance to explore their interests, develop new skills and prepare for their future. 1．What do optional classes allow students to choose for personal interests? 2．What can Science and Technology optional classes help students do? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Not only can optional classes make sure that students can achieve success in studying at school , but they offer students the chance to explore their interests, develop new skills and prepare for their future. 4．Besides the optional classes mentioned in the passage, what other ones would you choose? Why? (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．Optional classes allow students to choose what they are interested in for personal interests. 2．Science and Technology optional classes can help students gain a deeper understanding of the technological world. 3．Not only can optional classes make sure that students can achieve success in studying at school , but they offer students the chance to explore their interests, develop new skills and prepare for their future. The passage states that optional classes can inspire students to study and help them achieve their goals, but it does not claim that they “make sure” students will achieve success.  Success depends on various factors, not just optional classes. 1．I would choose art optional classes. Because I love drawing and it can help me improve my creativity and express my feelings. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕高中选修课这一主题，分别从选修课的重要性、课程选择的多样性以及对学校学习的影响等方面进行了阐述说明，旨在让读者全面了解选修课在高中教育中的重要作用。 1．考查细节理解。根据文章“The Importance of Optional Classes”部分中的“For personal interests, optional classes allow students to choose what they are interested in.(个人兴趣方面：选修课让学生能够选择自己感兴趣的内容。)”可知，选修课程允许学生根据个人兴趣选择他们感兴趣的课程。故答案为Optional classes allow students to choose what they are interested in for personal interests。 2．考查细节理解。根据文章“The Variety of Choices”部分中的“Science and Technology optional classes include computer programming and environmental science, which can help students gain a deeper understanding of the technological world.(科技选修课包括计算机编程和环境科学等，这些课程能帮助学生更深入地了解科技世界。)”可知，科技选修课可以帮助学生对技术世界有更深的了解。故答案为Science and Technology optional classes can help students gain a deeper understanding of the technological world。 3．考查细节理解。根据文章“The Influence on School Study”部分中的“When students are involved in the things they enjoy, it is possible that they can achieve success in studying at school to achieve their goals because they are more inspired to study.(当学生参与到自己喜欢的事情中时，他们更有可能在学校学习中取得成功，因为他们会更有动力去实现目标。)”以及最后一段“They offer students the chance to explore their interests, develop new skills and prepare for their future.(它们为学生提供了探索兴趣、培养新技能以及为未来做准备的机会。)”可知，选修课能让学生更有可能在学校学习中取得成功，能为学生提供探索兴趣、培养新技能以及为未来做准备的机会。由此可知，Not only can optional classes make sure that students can achieve success in studying at school , but they offer students the chance to explore their interests, develop new skills and prepare for their future.中的“Not only can optional classes make sure that students can achieve success in studying at school”的表达是错误。故答案为Not only can optional classes make sure that students can achieve success in studying at school , but they offer students the chance to explore their interests, develop new skills and prepare for their future. The passage states that optional classes can inspire students to study and help them achieve their goals, but it does not claim that they “make sure” students will achieve success.  Success depends on various factors, not just optional classes。 4．开放题。要求考生谈谈自己会选择什么课程，考生言之有理即可。故参考答案为I would choose art optional classes. Because I love drawing and it can help me improve my creativity and express my feelings。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高一上·北京市延庆区·期末） I had a great interest in researching the topic of how to improve your sense of direction, because my own sense of direction is absolutely terrible. Take going to the toilet in a restaurant, for example. I can find my way there easily enough because there are signs pointing me in the right direction. But getting back to my table is another story. After all, there are no helpful signs saying, “This is where you were sitting less than five minutes ago”. However, rather than accept the situation of myself frequently walking into cupboards and backtracking down dead ends, I’m determined to give my sense of direction a much-needed improvement. Nowadays, of course, it’s easy to rely on GPS (全球卫星定位系统) to find your way. But if you really want to improve your sense of direction, it’s a good idea to count on yourself. Studying a map and memorizing the way before you set out does have its benefits — not least because the amount of mental energy it requires means it’s more likely to stick in your mind. Looking at electronic maps on a big screen — or even studying a paper map — also allows you to get a sense of that all-important bigger picture and how everywhere fits together. Paying full attention is key, too. It’s important to notice what’s around you — in all directions. Instead of staring straight ahead, make sure you look up, down and behind you as well. This will come in particularly useful when you’re on the return journey — even if it’s just finding your way back from the toilet in a restaurant. Try to relax when you’re on unfamiliar ground. It’s all too easy to be anxious and afraid if you imagine you may be lost — but this sudden feeling of anxiety will only prevent you from calmly working out which way to go. Besides, getting lost is one of the best ways to discover new places and add more detail to that ever-growing mental map — both of which will help you become “direction smarter” in the long term. Finally, your sense of direction is a use-it-or-lose-it skill. If you only stick to the ways you already know, it’s never going to get any better. So now’s the time to start exploring! 1．Why is the writer interested in the topic of how to improve your sense of direction? (不多于9个单词) 2．When is it particularly useful to notice what’s around you? (不多于6个单词) 3．What is the benefit of getting lost? (不多于13 个单词) 4．Nowadays people are increasingly relying on GPS to find their way. Do you find it helpful? Why or why not? (词数不限) 【答案】1．Because his/her own sense of direction is absolutely terrible. 2．When you’re on the return journey. 3．To discover new places./To add more detail to that ever-growing mental map. 4．While GPS makes it easy for us to find our way around, it can fail, break and leave us high and dry. So we can’t rely too much on GPS to find our way. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述的是通过研究地图、全神贯注观察周围环境、保持心态放松以及勇于探索新路线等方法来有效改善个人的方向感，帮助路痴们在日常生活中更加自信地找到方向。 1．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“I had a great interest in researching the topic of how to improve your sense of direction, because my own sense of direction is absolutely terrible. (我对研究如何提高方向感这个话题非常感兴趣，因为我自己的方向感非常糟糕)”可知，作者对如何提高方向感这个话题感兴趣，是因为他/她自己的方向感非常糟糕。故答案为Because his/her own sense of direction is absolutely terrible. 2．考查细节理解。根据第五段“This will come in particularly useful when you’re on the return journey — even if it’s just finding your way back from the toilet in a restaurant. (这在你回程的时候尤其有用——即使只是从餐馆的厕所里找路回来)”可知，当你在回程的时候注意周围的事物特别有用。故答案为When you’re on the return journey. 3．考查细节理解。根据第六段“Besides, getting lost is one of the best ways to discover new places and add more detail to that ever-growing mental map — both of which will help you become “direction smarter” in the long term. (此外，迷路是发现新地方的最好方法之一，也能给不断扩大的大脑地图增添更多细节——从长远来看，这两种方法都能帮助你变得“方向感更聪明”)”可知，迷路可以帮助我们去发现新的地方，也能够为不断扩大的大脑地图增添更多细节。故答案为To discover new places. / To add more detail to that ever-growing mental map. 4．开放性题目。要求考生评价现在人们越来越依赖GPS来找路的现象，考生言之有理即可；虽然GPS使我们很容易找到方向，但它可能会失效、损坏，让我们陷入困境。因此，我们不能过于依赖GPS来寻找方向。故答案为While GPS makes it easy for us to find our way around, it can fail, break and leave us high and dry. So we can’t rely too much on GPS to find our way. Passage 4 （23-24学年高一上·北京市东城区·期末） Can you speak more than one language? Being able to communicate with people in another language is a great way to make friends and feel more confident. Language is the way we communicate with each other. It includes speaking, writing and using hand and face movements, known as sign language. Unlike countries, languages have no borders (边界) and can connect people around the world. Speaking another language helps you talk to people you may, not understand, and makes you feel more connected to them. A girl from Hungary, Havana, who is aged 12, says speaking Hungarian as well as English means she can talk to her friends from England. This makes her feel closer to her British friends because they’re able to share their interests. Learning another language can also help you gain confidence—for example, by being able to chat to local people when you travel. Studies show that being able to speak two languages also exercises the brain and makes you better at concentrating on more than one thing at a time. Alex Rawlings is a language teacher and writer who speaks more than 15 languages. He finds it’s easier to learn words that he can see or hear, rather than from a list. “For example, the words of a song are more memorable because they rhyme (押韵) and are sung,” he says. It’s also important to understand why you learn a language. Rawlings recommends writing down reasons why you want to learn the language and keep reminding yourself of them. “I’ve met lots of friends through my languages,” says Rawlings. “The more you learn, the easier it gets.” 1．What is the difference between countries and languages? 2．What makes Havana feel closer to her friends from England? 3．Rawlings says, “The more you learn, the easier it gets.” Do you agree? Why or why not? (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．Unlike countries, languages have no borders and can connect people around the world. 2．Sharing interests in English. 3．I agree. Because with the deepening of our study, we will find that our English level is gradually improving, and our grammar and vocabulary are also increasing. At the same time, this will also help us better understand and use English. 【导语】本文是说明文。讲述了学习多种语言的好处。 1．考查细节理解。根据第二段的“Unlike countries, languages have no borders(边界) and can connect people around the world.( 与国家不同，语言没有边界，可以连接世界各地的人们。)”可知，语言与国家的不同是，语言可以连接世界各地的人，故答案为Unlike countries, languages have no borders and can connect people around the world. 2．考查细节理解。根据第三段的“A girl from Hungary, Havana, who is aged 12, says speaking Hungarian as well as English means she can talk to her friends from England. This makes her feel closer to her British friends because they’re able to share their interests.(一名来自匈牙利哈瓦那的12岁女孩说，会说匈牙利语和英语意味着她可以和来自英国的朋友交谈。这让她觉得和她的英国朋友更亲近，因为他们能够分享他们的兴趣。)”可知，用英语分享兴趣让哈瓦那感觉与来自英国的朋友更亲近。故答案为Sharing interests in English. 3．开放性时态。本题是开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案。I agree. Because with the deepening of our study, we will find that our English level is gradually improving, and our grammar and vocabulary are also increasing. At the same time, this will also help us better understand and use English. 主题03 人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一上·北京市朝阳区·期末） When I tell friends I’ve written a book about social connection, one of the most common questions I get is about “lost” friendships, the relationships with people whom someone has lost touch with over time. Should we reconnect or let them stay in the past? Two recent papers suggest that we can all be a bit braver about reaching out. The first comes from Peggy Liu at the University of Pittsburgh and her colleagues. The team asked some people to provide information of a person with whom they hadn’t been in touch for a while. They then wrote a note to that person and answered some questions about how much they thought the friend would value the gesture. The researchers forwarded the note to the named person along with a questionnaire about their feelings. It was found that the receivers welcomed the notes far more than the authors had expected, but it’s a pity that the desire to reconnect was often balanced by a fear of being rejected. The second paper is by Lara Aknin at Simon Fraser University and Gillian Sandstrom at the University of Sussex. They found that as many as 90 percent of people have lost touch with at least one old friend, but many are now unwilling to make the first move — even when researchers gave them the time to do so. Exploring further, they found that it arose from some concerns: the people worried about what to say, and they feared that the friend had changed. The old friends had started to feel like strangers, and this made Aknin and Sandstrom wonder whether a little practice at building new ties might give people the confidence to strengthen their older ones too. Sure enough, they found that asking people to start a conversation with strangers increased the chances of reaching out to their oldest friends. Our social confidence seems like a muscle — the more we use it, the stronger it becomes. We just need to have the courage to start. 1．What are the “lost” friendships? 2．Based on the two papers, why do people hesitate to reconnect with old friends? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. According to Aknin and Sandstrom, asking people to engage with strangers reduced the chances for them to reach out to their oldest friends. 4．What can you do to overcome the fear of reaching out to old friends? (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．The relationships with people whom someone has lost touch with over time. 2．They had a fear of being rejected, worried about what to say, and feared that their friends had changed. 3．According to Aknin and Sandstrom, asking people to engage with strangers reduced the chances for them to reach out to their oldest friends. Asking people to start a conversation with strangers increased the chances of reaching out to their oldest friends. 1．To ease the nervousness of initiating a meet-up, I can start by contacting them through social media. I can follow up on one of their most recent posts to spark conversation about what they’re up to, gradually building the relationship in a way that feels natural to me. 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了我们是否应该与失去联系的朋友重新建立联系的问题，并给出了一些研究结果和建议。 1．考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“When I tell friends I’ve written a book about social connection, one of the most common questions I get is about “lost” friendships, the relationships with people whom someone has lost touch with over time.(当我告诉朋友们我写了一本关于社交联系的书时，我最常被问到的问题之一就是 “失去的” 友谊，即随着时间的推移与某人失去联系的人际关系)”可知，“失去的”友谊指的是随着时间推移与某人失去联系的人际关系，故答案为The relationships with people whom someone has lost touch with over time. 2．考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“It was found that the receivers welcomed the notes far more than the authors had expected, but it’s a pity that the desire to reconnect was often balanced by a fear of being rejected.(研究发现，收到信件的人对信件的欢迎程度远远超出了写信人的预期，但遗憾的是，重新联系的愿望往往会被害怕被拒绝的心理所抵消)”以及第三段“Exploring further, they found that it arose from some concerns: the people worried about what to say, and they feared that the friend had changed.(进一步探究后，他们发现这源于一些担忧：人们担心该说什么，还担心朋友已经变了)”可知，人们犹豫是否与老朋友重新联系是因为害怕被拒绝、担心不知道说什么以及担心朋友已经变了，故答案为They had a fear of being rejected, worried about what to say, and feared that their friends had changed. 3．考查细节理解。根据文章最后一段“Sure enough, they found that asking people to start a conversation with strangers increased the chances of reaching out to their oldest friends.(果然，他们发现让人们与陌生人开始交谈增加了与老朋友重新联系的机会)”可知，原句中“reduced the chances (减少机会)”表述错误，应将其下划线，原因就是文中明确表明让人们与陌生人开始交谈是增加了与老朋友重新联系的机会，故答案为：According to Aknin and Sandstrom, asking people to engage with strangers reduced the chances for them to reach out to their oldest friends. Asking people to start a conversation with strangers increased the chances of reaching out to their oldest friends. 4．考查阅读表达。根据最后一段“Our social confidence seems like a muscle—the more we use it, the stronger it becomes. We just need to have the courage to start(我们的社交自信就像肌肉一样，用得越多就越强壮，我们只需要有开始的勇气)”可知，社交自信就像肌肉一样，用得越多就越强壮，我们只需要有开始的勇气。因此，为了克服联系老朋友的恐惧，可以从增加社交自信入手，比如通过社交媒体联系对方，或者回忆过去美好的时光来增加信心等。故答案为To ease the nervousness of initiating a meet-up, I can start by contacting them through social media. I can follow up on one of their most recent posts to spark conversation about what they’re up to, gradually building the relationship in a way that feels natural to me. Passage 2 （22-23学年高一上·北京市海淀区·期末） There is a drive within all of us to create and express ourselves through art. This drive comes from a need to achieve a balance within ourselves. Art refers to the theory and physical expression of creativity found in human societies_and cultures. Its major fields include literary arts, performing arts (e. g. theater and dance) and visual arts (e. g. drawing, painting, photography, film and sculpture). Art is essential to our culture because it provides us with a deeper understanding of emotions. Through art, we learn to feel joy in times of happiness and we see pain and despair in times of suffering. Creating art allows us to slow down and experience a full range of our emotions, while viewing others’ art can release the emotions within us and allow us to explore our feelings. This can help us heal and grow, and succeed both personally and professionally. Art encourages critical thinking and promotes communication. Throughout the entire process of creating and appreciating art, we need to make decisions. We use logic and reasoning to find meaning in what we see or create. Art is a medium to share thoughts, ideas and visions that may not be expressed in other ways. Through art, we gain a better understanding of past and present cultures. Yet more importantly, there are no language barriers in art and therefore it is universal. Art also enhances our lives. The process of experiencing art engages both the body and the mind and provides us with time to reflect. That’s why art is a necessity, not a luxury. It can make a community more beautiful and a workplace more interesting. Our homes reflect our personalities through the art we choose to display. Art can inspire us, make us happy and even motivate us. We need to express ourselves through art. When we take a closer look at our world and begin to see the art and creativity in it, it can soothe, enrich or encourage ourselves. Art is beautiful , and beauty is an aesthetic quality. 1．What drives people to create and express themselves through art? 2．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Art helps people gain a better understanding of past and present cultures, and the language barriers make it difficult for people to appreciate art. 3．What is the passage mainly about? 4．What is your favourite art form? And why?(In about 40 words) 【答案】1．A need to achieve a balance within ourselves. 2．Art helps people gain a better understanding of past and present cultures, and the language barriers make it difficult for people to appreciate art. There are no language barriers in art and therefore it is universal. 3．Art has entered every corner of our lives. We need to express ourselves through art. 4．My favorite art form is the performing arts. Because acting allows us to express our true feelings and experience a full range of our emotions, while viewing others’ art can release the emotions within us and allow us to explore our feelings. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了艺术已经进入了我们生活的每一个角落。我们需要通过艺术来表达自己。 1．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“There is a drive within all of us to create and express ourselves through art. This drive comes from a need to achieve a balance within ourselves.”（我们所有人都有一种通过艺术来创造和表达自己的动力。这种动力来自于我们需要达到内心的平衡。）可知，我们需要达到内心的平衡驱使人们通过艺术来创造和表达自己。故答案为A need to achieve a balance within ourselves. 2．考查细节理解。根据第三段中“Through art, we gain a better understanding of past and present cultures. Yet more importantly, there are no language barriers in art and therefore it is universal.”（通过艺术，我们可以更好地了解过去和现在的文化。但更重要的是，艺术没有语言障碍，因此它是普遍的。）可知，语言障碍使人们很难欣赏艺术这个陈述是错误，因为艺术没有语言障碍，因此它是普遍的。故答案为There are no language barriers in art and therefore it is universal. 3．考查归纳总结。根据文章大意以及最后一段“We need to express ourselves through art. When we take a closer look at our world and begin to see the art and creativity in it, it can soothe, enrich or encourage ourselves. Art is beautiful , and beauty is an aesthetic quality.”（我们需要通过艺术来表达自己。当我们仔细审视我们的世界，开始看到其中的艺术和创造力时，它可以抚慰、丰富或鼓励我们自己。艺术是美的，美是一种审美品质。）可知，这篇文章主要讲的是艺术已经进入了我们生活的每一个角落。我们需要通过艺术来表达自己。故答案为Art has entered every corner of our lives. We need to express ourselves through art. 4．考查主观评价。根据文章大意以及题干的提问要求结合自己的主观感受。故答案为：My favorite art form is the performing arts. Because acting allows us to express our true feelings and experience a full range of our emotions, while viewing others’ art can release the emotions within us and allow us to explore our feelings. Passage 3 （22-23学年高一上·北京市第十二中学·期末） The Impact of Social Media on Adolescents (青少年) Using social media has become a routine activity for most young people. In recent years the number of young people using social media has increased dramatically, so a large part of their social and emotional development is occurring while they are on the Internet. Social media allow young people to achieve many of the online tasks that are important to them offline: staying connected with friends and family, making new friends, and exchanging ideas. Some schools successfully use blogs as teaching tools, which has the benefit of improving skills in written expression and creativity. At the same time, social media helps them get what they want, increase their knowledge and confidence in their academic (学业的) performance. While social media provides many benefits, it can also have a negative impact on young people, both physically and mentally. It is easy to become addicted, and research shows that students who spend too much time on social media can suffer from poor sleep, eye fatigue, negative body image, depression, anxiety and more. Research also indicates that there are frequent online expressions of offline behaviours, which have introduced problems such as cyberbullying and online harassment (骚扰). Using social media becomes a risk to adolescents more than they can realise. When people go on to websites, they leave evidence of their visits. This ongoing record of online activity is called the “digital footprint”. One of the biggest threats to young people on social media is to their digital footprint and future reputations (名誉). Young people who lack an awareness of privacy issues often post inappropriate material without understanding that “what goes online stays online”. As a result, future jobs and college acceptance maybe put in danger by inexperienced clicks of the mouse. 1．Why is a large part of young people’s social and emotional development occurring on the Internet? 2．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Young people’s improper digital footprint may have an impact on cyberbullying and online harassment. 3．You have been physically distanced from school for more than one month in this term. How do you make full use of social media to better your life and study?  Please give one or two examples. (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．Because in recent years, the number of young people using social media has increased dramatically. 2．Young people’s improper digital footprint may have an impact on cyberbullying and online harassment. Because frequent online expressions of offline behaviours have introduced problems such as cyberbullying and online harassment. 3．I will use social media to stay connected with my friends and exchange ideas with my teachers. Besides, I will use social media to get knowledge. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了社交媒体给青少年带来的好处和弊端。 1．考查细节理解。根据第一段关键句“In recent years, the number of young people using social media has increased dramatically, so a large part of their social and emotional development is occurring while they are on the Internet. (近年来，使用社交媒体的年轻人数量急剧增加，因此他们的社交和情感发展很大一部分是在互联网上进行的。)”可知，年轻人的社交和情感发展很大一部分发生在互联网上是因为近年来，使用社交媒体的年轻人数量急剧增加。故答案为Because in recent years, the number of young people using social media has increased dramatically. 2．考查推理判断。根据第三段的“Research also indicates that there are frequent online expressions of offline behaviours, which have introduced problems such as cyberbullying and online harassment (骚扰). (研究还表明，线下行为经常在网上表达，导致了网络欺凌和网络骚扰等问题。)”可知，人们经常在网上表达线下行为，这带来了网络欺凌和在线骚扰等问题，并不是“不当的数字足迹”会对网络欺凌和在线骚扰产生影响，由此可知，句中“Young people’s improper digital footprint”是错误的，应改为“frequent online expressions of offline behaviours”，因为经常在网上表达线下行为带来了网络欺凌和在线骚扰等问题。故答案为Young people’s improper digital footprint may have an impact on cyberbullying and online harassment. Because frequent online expressions of offline behaviours have introduced problems such as cyberbullying and online harassment. 3．开放性试题。根据第二段关键句“Social media allow young people to achieve online many of the tasks that are important to them offline: staying connected with friends and family, making new friends, and exchanging ideas. (社交媒体可以让年轻人在网上完成许多对他们来说很重要的任务：与朋友和家人保持联系，结交新朋友，交流想法。)”可知，社交媒体可以让年轻人在网上与朋友和家人保持联系，结交新朋友和交流想法等，由此可知，如果这学期你与学校的距离太远，你可以通过社交媒体与朋友保持联系，与老师交流想法或通过社交媒体获取知识等，答案不唯一，符合文意即可。故参考答案为I will use social media to stay connected with my friends and exchange ideas with my teachers. Besides, I will use social media to get knowledge. 主题04 人与自然——自然生态 Passage 1 （23-24学年高一上·北京市昌平区·期末） In the 1950s and 1960s, people were widely using chemicals in agriculture, which polluted the food web and broke the eggs of Bald Eagles. Concern for the birds helped to pass the Endangered Species (物种) Act (ESA) on December 28,1973. The ESA is now 50 years old. It is a vital part of protection efforts in America, but it comes into play only when a species is nearly gone. There is much we can do to prevent our weak creatures from needing the act in the first place. Recent studies have shown that the best way to protect species is to protect their habitats (栖息地), because it follows a sound, nature-based logic. People and progress depend on nature for large benefits. Compared to recovering a species, protecting habitats won’t need to decide which species is the most serious case that should be treated first. In January 2023, a bill named Recovering America’s Wildlife Act (RAWA)was passed, which would provide significant funding for protection of wildlife habitat that supports species at risk. It basically modernized the Pittman-Robertson Act in 1937, one of the first species-protection acts in America. RAWA was one of the most important acts in wildlife conservation in decades providing $1.397 billion to fund local and state efforts not only to help recover endangered species but also prevent at-risk wildlife from becoming endangered. While this funding has worked for decades, the accelerating (加速) loss of biodiversity requires a new way and more investment. Protecting habitat doesn’t just protect wildlife; it protects humanity. If the desire to care for our world is not enough, it’s wise to remember that if you destroy your home, you des troy your life. 1．What is the disadvantage of ESA? 2．Why protecting habitats is better than recovering a species? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ▶RAWA, a modern version of the Pittman-Robertson Act, mainly helps to save the species that are endangered. 4．Apart from protecting habitats, what else can we do to protect animals? (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．It comes into play only when a species is nearly gone. 2．Compared to recovering a species, protecting habitats won’t need to decide which species is the most serious case that should be treated first. 3．RAWA, a modern version of the Pittman-Robertson Act,mainly helps to save the species that are endangered. Because RAWA not only helps recover endangered species but also prevents at-risk wildlife from becoming endangered. 4．We can also actively participate in plant afforestation activities, which can provide more habitats for animals, help absorb carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and alleviate the impact of global warming on the living environment of animals. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了保护动物栖息地的重要性以及人类所做的努力。 1．考查细节理解。根据第二段中“The ESA is now 50 years old. It is a vital part of protection efforts in America, but it comes into play only when a species is nearly gone. (《濒危物种法》现已成立 50 周年。它是美国保护工作的重要组成部分，但只有当一个物种几乎灭绝时它才会发挥作用)”可知，《濒危物种法》的缺陷是只有当一个物种几乎灭绝时它才会发挥作用，故填It comes into play only when a species is nearly gone. 2．考查细节理解。根据第三段中“Compared to recovering a species, protecting habitats won’t need to decide which species is the most serious case that should be treated first.(与恢复物种相比，保护栖息地不需要决定哪个物种是最严重的，应该是首先被治疗的情况)”可知，与恢复一个物种相比保护栖息地不需要决定哪种物种是最严重的，应该是首先被治疗的情况，故填Compared to recovering a species, protecting habitats won’t need to decide which species is the most serious case that should be treated first. 3．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中“RAWA was one of the most important acts in wildlife conservation in decades providing $1.397 billion to fund local and state efforts not only to help recover endangered species but also prevent at-risk wildlife from becoming endangered. (RAWA是数十年来野生动物保护领域最重要的行动之一，提供了 13.97 亿美元资助地方和州的努力，不仅帮助恢复濒危物种，而且防止有危险的野生动物变得濒临灭绝)”可知，该法案不仅帮助恢复濒危物种，而且防止有危险的野生动物变得濒临灭绝。所以“mainly helps to save the species that are endangered(主要帮助拯救濒临灭绝的物种)”表述是片面的，故填RAWA, a modern version of the Pittman-Robertson Act, mainly helps to save the species that are endangered. Because RAWA not only helps recover endangered species but also prevents at-risk wildlife from becoming endangered. 4．开放试题，言之有理即可。题干问“除了保护栖息地，我们还能做些什么来保护动物呢”。对此问题回答可以是：我们还可以积极参与植物造林活动，为动物提供更多的栖息地，同时也有助于吸收大气中的二氧化碳，缓解全球变暖对动物生存环境的影响。故填We can also actively participate in plant afforestation activities, which can provide more habitats for animals, help absorb carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and alleviate the impact of global warming on the living environment of animals. Passage 3 （23-24学年高一上·北京市怀柔区·期末） Are you aged between 14 and 19 years old? Do you care about your local environment? Would you like to help make the area you live in better, cleaner, safer and friendlier? If your answers are “yes”, “yes” and “yes”, then read on! A local organization is carrying out a project, giving money to groups of teenagers who want to become active citizens. Here are a few easy things you could do to get started. Meeting the neighbors. Everybody needs good neighbors. Knock on people's doors and find out what they would like to improve in your area. Set a date for a meeting and then make some plans together. If you don’t want to go round to their houses, then you could always put a note through their doors. Neighborhood watch. It is very popular in the UK. If you go away on holiday and leave your house, it’s very nice to know that a neighbor is keeping an eye on it. It’s a good way to make the area you live in safer. Lending a hand. There are often elderly people living in the neighborhood who may not be able to do the things that you can. Offer to do their shopping once a week, look after their gardens for them or maybe walk their dogs! No littering. Nobody likes picking up other people’s rubbish, but a clean street can make all the difference. Go out once or twice a week and see what you can find. You never know, one day you might find something valuable! Just tell us what you want to do. Then we’ll send you more information. 1．What is the aim of the project? (no more than 12 words) 2．Who is asked to take part in the project?(no more than 6 words) 3．What does “Lending a hand” mean?(no more than 6 words) 4．How often are the teenagers advised to get around and pick up rubbish? (no more than 5 words) 【答案】1．To make the area people live in better, cleaner, safer and friendlier. 2．Teenagers from 14 to 19/ between 14 and 19. 4．Helping someone who needs help/those who need help. Or: Offering help. 5．Once or twice a week. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章号召14-19岁的青少年积极采取行动来保持周边环境的友好和卫生，这些措施包括：和邻居探讨、帮邻居看家、帮助社区的老年人和随手捡起垃圾。 1．考查主旨大意。根据文章第一段“Do you care about your local environment? Would you like to help make the area you live in better, cleaner, safer and friendlier? (你在意你们当地的环境吗？你愿不愿意帮忙让你的生活区域变得更好，更干净，更安全和更友好呢？)”可知，这篇文章是想要发动读者来一起让周围的生活环境变得更好、更干净、更安全和更卫生，故答案为To make the area people live in better, cleaner, safer and friendlier. 2．考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“Are you aged between 14 and 19 years old? (你的年龄是在14岁到19岁之间吗？)”可知，这篇文章是写给14岁到19岁的青少年的，故答案为Teenagers from 14 to 19/ between 14 and 19. 3．考查词义猜测。根据第四段“There are often elderly people living in the neighborhood who may not be able to do the things that you can. Offer to do their shopping once a week, look after their gardens for them or maybe walk their dogs! (住在社区中的老人们经常无法完成一些事情，但是你可以帮他们。主动帮他们每周采购一次物品，照看他们的花园或者可能的话帮他们遛遛狗！)”可知，老人们做不到的事情，青少年可以帮忙做，比如买东西、浇花或者遛狗等，这都是在帮忙，故答案为Helping someone who needs help/those who need help. Or: Offering help. 4．考查细节理解。根据第五段“Go out once or twice a week and see what you can find. (一周出去转个一两次，看看你能找到什么)”可知，文章建议青少年每周出去捡垃圾的次数为每周一两次，故答案为Once or twice a week. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $