专题07 阅读表达（期末真题汇编，北京专用）高二英语上学期

专题07 阅读表达 主题01 人与社会——历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·北京市房山区·期末） Jesse Brooks was a straight-A student — a result of countless hours spent studying during college. She graduated at the top of her class and believed she would have no problem getting a job. However, having had ten interviews and no job offers, she was starting to wonder what was wrong. “At first I was confused. I’m intelligent and diligent, but why couldn’t I get a job?” Despite having “academic” intelligence, Jesse was missing the intelligence that many employers are now looking for — emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence is the ability to understand your own emotions and the emotions of people around you. It can have a surprisingly powerful effect on your life. More and more companies use EI assessment tests to recruit new staff. They have come to know that people with high EI form better relationships with their colleagues and can manage themselves better. This benefits the company, in the form of higher productivity and profit. Jesse thinks that she spent so much of her college life studying alone that her social skills did not develop well. Determined to get straight As, she had not played any team sports or participated in any school groups, both of which would have helped develop social skills and emotional intelligence. Although she could motivate herself to accomplish a goal, she did not know how to work with others, a key to success in most commercial businesses. Although Jesse might not have a high EI now, psychologists believe she can improve it. Jesse says, “I need to identify people who are ‘natural’ leaders, who work well with others and are great motivators. I should watch what they say and how they act in different situations. Then go out, socialize, and try it out in my own life.” 1．Why was Jesse confused at first? 2．What is emotional intelligence? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. More and more companies use EI assessment tests to recruit new staff, because they have found that people with high EI could motivate themselves to accomplish higher goals. 4．How can you improve your emotional intelligence? (In about 40 words) Passage 2 （24-25学年高二上·北京市石景山区·期末） When I was in Grade 6, I got my first camera as a gift from my uncle, James Wilson, a professional photographer. It was a special occasion because digital cameras were not common at that time. The first few days, I took pictures of everything — the sky, my friends, even my shoes! Every click of the camera seemed like a chance to preserve a moment, but after a week, I began to notice that many of the photos seemed repetitive. They didn’t have the same magic expected, and I felt disappointed. It was then that I recognised that just taking pictures wasn’t enough. One day, I decided to focus on photographing moments meaningful to me. I started taking pictures of the people I loved, the places I visited, and even little details that had personal significance. The more I did this, the more I learned that photography isn’t just about taking pictures — it’s about telling a story, recording memories that matter. I could see the difference in my pictures: they started to reflect moments that were special to me, not just random images. A few years later, I came across an old collection of photographs from my grandparents. I was deeply attracted. Some of them were taken during their travels, while others preserved simple moments at home. These images were full of life and meaning, just like the ones I had been trying to take. I realised that photography has always been a powerful tool for preserving history and emotions. My grandparents had used it in the same way I did: not just to take pictures, but to treasure moments that could never be relived and things that words alone couldn’t express. 1．What did James Wilson do for a living? 2．What did the author do with the camera during the first few days? 3．Please underline the false part in the following statement and explain why. The author was attracted by the photographs of his grandparents because they were repetitive like his early pictures. 4．Do you have a photo that is really meaningful to you? Why is it special? (In about 40 words) 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 A Schoolyard Garden （24-25学年高二上·北京市大兴区·期末） Have you ever eaten something that you grew in your own garden? Many people have not had the pleasure of this experience. Alice Waters, the owner of a restaurant, set out to change all that for a special group of students at a middle school. Waters worked with the school’s principal to create a cooking and gardening program at the school. Waters believes in the importance of people knowing where their food comes from. She also believes that there is a strong relationship between food, health, and the environment. Her goal at the middle school was to show children the pleasure in gardening and in preparing the foods that they cultivated. She wanted to teach them that a healthy body and a healthy environment go hand in hand. The project that Waters began took a lot of time and patience. She relied on the help of teachers, students, and community volunteers to turn a parking lot into a garden. At the same time, renovation was begun to turn an old cafeteria into a kitchen where students could prepare foods and share meals with their teachers. Then, the first usable crops were planted. They included various vegetables. In the following year they brought the addition of plants. Every year since then, new crops are added and old crops are evaluated to make sure that they are best suited for the environment and the needs of the school. Students have found that they look forward to the time they spend in the garden each week. They have learned how to weed, prune, and harvest. They have learned about the life cycles of various plants. They also know how to enrich the soil through composting, a process in which leftover scraps of fruits and vegetables are used as fertilizer. Many have discovered that they like fruits and vegetables that they had never before been willing to try. Alice Waters dreams that one day there will be a garden in every school. She hopes that school lunches can be prepared using the produce from the gardens and other locally-grown organic produce. 1．Why did Waters create this gardening and cooking program in the school? 2．What preparation(s) did they make before the project? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. To make the soil more suitable for various crops and vegetables, they bought chemical fertilizers to enrich the soil. 4．If there were a similar project in your school, would you like to take part in it? Why or why not? (In about 40 words) Passage 2 （23-24学年高二上·北京市通州区·期末） Studying abroad has become an extremely popular study option amongst university students. While studying abroad is extremely expensive, it exposes students to a wide range of people, cultures and experiences that will reward them later on in their careers. In my opinion, students are far better off studying abroad even though it might be a bit costly. One of the greatest advantages of studying in a foreign country is that it exposes students to essential life experiences that will develop them professionally, impossible if they have studied only in their own country. Being in another country forces people to pop and come out of their bubble of comfort, opening them to a wide range of opportunities, which can help them advance in their careers. When I went to study in the UK as an eighteen-year-old, I had to push myself out of my comfort zone and become self-reliant, making me much more mentally and emotionally mature. These ultra-challenging experiences are what develops a person. A negative aspect of studying overseas is that it is extremely expensive. It is not just high university fees that drive up the expenses; it includes stationery and study material expenses, travelling costs, rent, money spent on food, and other different expenses. I had to take an. education loan of 30000 pounds to fund my tuition fees. Moreover, during my stay in the UK. I had to take up a job as a part-time waiter to earn enough to pay my monthly rent and meet a part of my monthly expenses. An increasing number of students are opting to study overseas. Although studying abroad can make a hole in your pocket, it will test and challenge you mentally and emotionally, helping your overall personal and professional development. In my opinion, long-term professional and personal gains from overseas studies justify every penny spent on it. 1．What’s the author’s opinion towards studying abroad? 2．What drives up the expenses of studying abroad? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then change it and explain why. Studying abroad can make a hole in your pocket and challenge you, so overseas studies are not worth it. 4．Apart from what have been mentioned towards studying abroad, what else do you think of it?(In about 40 words ) 主题03 人与自我——做人与做事 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·北京市通州区·期末） Life transitions can be defined as significant changes in life that force individuals to adjust to a new set of circumstances. These changes can be positive, negative, or neutral, but regardless of their nature, they can be disruptive to our lives. For instance, moving to a new city can be exciting, but it can also be challenging to adapt to a new environment, make new friends, and establish a new support system. There’s no denying that life often presents us with our fair share of challenges, usually in the form of sudden change. These life transitions, even the positive ones, can throw us into a tailspin (慌乱) and leave us feeling stressed, confused, and vulnerable. But with the right tools and mindset, you have the power to overcome any adversity in the sudden change. Change, even difficult change that is neither wanted nor expected, can influence personal growth. Change gives us the opportunity to see what we’re made of; to become stronger, more confident, and better prepared for what life throws at us next. With each new challenge, we develop new personal skills and obtain a greater awareness of ourselves, our families, and our communities. During times of change, our mental health can suffer. We may experience a range of emotions, such as anxiety, fear, sadness, and frustration. We may feel overwhelmed and struggle to cope with the new challenges and demands of our lives. Additionally, our self-esteem may be impacted as we face new challenges that we are not sure we can overcome. These feelings can lead to mental health problems, such as depression and anxiety, which can affect our overall well-being. Sometimes we can handle change and adversity by ourselves and sometimes we need a little help. 1．What are life transitions? 2．How can we gain the power to handle life transitions? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ➤Life transitions can give us an insight into ourselves and surely promote our mental well-being. 4．What tips will you give to a friend who is suffering from a life transition? (In about 40 words) Passage 2 （23-24学年高二上·北京市房山区·期末） Many of us work tirelessly towards our goals. We may spend our lives dreaming of the day we are admitted to our ideal university, publish our first book or purchase our first home. However, more often than not, when we achieve these things, it doesn’t feel quite as expected. In fact, the achievement of the goals feels anti-climactic, or a bit of a letdown. “An anti-climax can be an unexpected by-product of a milestone achievement. Usually, the more significant the milestone, the greater the anti-climax may be,” says Rachel Vora, psychotherapist and founder of CYP Well-being. “The journey to achieving a milestone can be exciting and all-consuming. Therefore, when this disappears overnight, we can often feel lost and confused.” If you find yourself working toward something big that you suspect may feel like a bit of a letdown, there are steps you can take to manage and even prevent the feeling of anti-climax. First, enjoy the journey. You’d better slow down a little and come to realize that joy comes from the doing, not the completing. So instead of rushing for it to be done, take a moment to enjoy the doing. Second, foresee the comedown. If you are aware of a potential upcoming anti-climax, schedule an activity to look forward to soon after the event has finished. Consider planning some time with friends and family, or attending a concert or even a cooking class. This can act as a reminder that other aspects of life can be just as fulfilling. Third, normalize the experience. The key is to normalize feelings of low mood, confusion, and self-doubt around anti-climaxes, which are something many people undergo. Connecting with others may also be beneficial. It can help to engage with friends and influencers online who share similar experiences to feel less isolated (孤立的) with your own emotions. 1．Based on what Rachel Vora says, what can an anti-climax be? 2．What steps can you take to manage the feeling of anti-climax? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. If you are aware of a potential upcoming anti-climax, avoid planning some time with friends and family. 4．Suppose you have just been admitted to your dream university. What will you do to deal with the anti-climax? (In about 40 words) 主题04 人与社会——科学与技术 Passage 1 （23-24学年高二上·北京市丰台区·期末） Nowadays, a lot of young people seem to spend much of their free time either watching television or playing computer games. Certainly, these things are entertaining, but they don’t contribute much to developing their brains. Many believe that reading books, and especially fiction, is a much more effective way of achieving this. The most obvious benefit we get from reading a good story is a growing vocabulary. We come across new words in reading and try to understand these words through context. Gradually, we become more confident with complex words. In addition, we improve in other areas such as speaking and writing just by reading regularly. It has also been established that reading fiction is a good way of developing a good self-image. Non-readers or poor readers often have low opinions of themselves. Besides, they may perform poorly in other subjects because they cannot read and understand the material. Most importantly, however, reading fiction helps us to develop our brains. The human brain can work well when we just do regular things, like driving or walking. However, learning expert Dr. Brian E. Walsh suggested that it can perform more effectively when an element of surprise is added, because this helps to build connections in the brain. In this respect, the positive effects of reading may be much stronger than previously thought. Recent research has shown that the brain reacts more strongly to unpredictable than to predictable things. This may explain why people enjoy reading fiction, which generally contains lots of unpredictable things. Reading fiction enables us to experience fresh scenarios(情节) and identify with the people we are reading about. When we mentally create the scenes, the look of the characters, the smells, and the sounds in the book, we are exercising our brain. The brain is challenged. This is a positive thing because it will continue to grow and develop if properly stimulated. The more it is used, the better it becomes. 1．How does reading help us improve vocabulary? 2．What are the problems for people who seldom read according to the passage? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. > Reading fiction has more positive effects on our brain since fiction shows more predictable things in our daily life. 4．Apart from what are mentioned in the passage, what other benefit(s) have you gained from reading fiction? 主题05 人与自我——情感与情绪 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·北京市朝阳区·期末） In my grandparents’ time, the question of whether to repair or replace an item was unimportant. Repair was usually the only option. So, when faced with a broken hoe (锄头), I decided to make the repair, just like grandpa would have done. I dug through my toolbox for the needed parts, searching for just the right tools in my collection. Working with objects that have a history is satisfying, and I love thinking about the hands that used them to keep home going smoothly. Finally, I chose my favourite hammer (锤子), passed down from my dad, who received it from his dad. Grandpa’s hammer has a worn handle, spotted with colorful paint from a lifetime of projects. With just the right instrument in hand, I was ready to begin. Along with his hammer, grandpa passed down the importance of having the right tools for a job. Over the years, I’ve enjoyed hearing the backstories of others’ treasured objects as well. As I recorded the spoken history of one friend, she traced the story of grandma’s rolling pin through her family tree. The rolling pin started as a wedding gift many generations ago. Lovingly passed down, along with a tradition of pie making and biscuit rolling, it touches the heartstrings of all in the family. It isn’t just a piece of hardwood: it is the memories of joyful times celebrated and heartbreaks shared. It also witnesses future hopes as little hands are coached on how to roll out pastry evenly and as new grandchildren are bounced on knees over a piece of after-dinner pie. As I finished the hoe repair and put the hammer back, I said hearty thanks to grandpa and all those who took time to show me how to use tools and shared stories. I’m determined to pass both along to the next generation. 1．What did the author decide to do with the broken hoe? 2．What did grandpa pass down to the author? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The rolling pin in the friend’s family used to be a wedding gift and is passed down with a tradition of collecting useful tools. 4．Besides hand tools like hammers and rolling pins, what object witnesses your joyful or heartbreaking times as you grow up? Why? (In about 40 words) 主题01 人与社会——历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （23-24学年高二上·北京市东城区·期末） Kieran Behan was just a boy, maybe 6 years old, when he fell in love with gymnastics, but that was before a series of injuries, two so severe that doctors told him he would never walk again. Yet Behan, pushed on. “Doctors told me, ‘stop thinking about your crazy dreams and you must accept that it’s over for you,’” Behan said. “But I just kept saying: ‘No, no, no — this is not the rest of my life. This is not how it’s going to play out.’ And look at me now, an Olympian. They said it was impossible, but I did it.” Kieran Behan started gymnastics when he was 8. But soon came the first of many blows: during a leg operation, a doctor’s mistake caused a severe nerve damage that left Behan with limited feeling in his left foot. Doctors told him to prepare himself for life in a wheelchair. They were wrong. Although it took 15 months, Behan went back to gymnastics. But eight months after he returned from his leg injury, disaster hit again. He hit the back of his head during training. The accident caused a brain injury which affected his balance so much that even the slightest movement could cause Behan to faint. Mearly two years after non-stop physical therapy, Kieran Behan did what he did best: he picked himself up again. He said he could not live without gymnastics and never doubted he would be back. Finally, in 2012, his determination began to pay off. His excellent performance at the Olympic test event qualified him for the Games. “I felt like I was in a fairy tale,” he said of the London Games. “All I could think about was: ‘Is this a dream? Tell me this is really happening.’” Even though be did not enter any of the event finals, Behan never lost heart and persevered to make it for the 2016 Olympic Games at Rio de Janeiro. Behan hopes his tale might inspire others to overcome hardship, whether it is in sports, at work or at home. Still, he struggled to explain why he has been so unbeatable. “I think it’s probably just in my blood,” he said. “I was just born to do this.” 1．What happened during Behan’s leg operation? 2．In what way did Behan’s brain injury influence him? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Because of Behan’s determination, he won at the finals in the London Games. 4．Do you think Behan is a great athlete? Why or why not? (In about 40 words) Passage 2 Group-Chat Culture Is Out of Control （23-24学年高二上·北京市朝阳区·期末） For better or worse, we might be in the Age of the Group Chat. In a recent survey, most people said they felt stressed out by group messages, which can feel like a part-time job. Connection is wonderful. Grexts, short for group texts, have the feature of imitating the casual back-and-forth of a dialogue, and the result can be more dynamic and fun than a two-person thread. Having a chat going also means you have a space to share your updates throughout the day, a reminder that you’re part of something. Some researchers call this “ambient(周围的) virtual presence”: Even when you’re alone, you’re not alone. One researcher compares this phenomenon to echolocation(回声定位), the process that some animals, such as bats and dolphins, use to locate objects: They produce a continuous sound and use the resulting echo to sense their surroundings. Humans might use technologies such as group chats in a similar way—as a call-and-response, taking in information about their social networks and locating themselves within those webs. But taking in too many signals can be overwhelming. Professor Bayer argued that group chats can create a “waterfall type of effect”, where messages keep flooding in and adding up. Eventually, you’re underwater. Another researcher suggested that different chat members all bring their own personalities, communication styles, and expectations for group norms. Without a standard etiquette (礼仪), people have varied opinions about what degree of responsiveness is required—which can cause real tension. Grext anxiety is hard to resolve because it isn’t just about the group-chat or even mobile technology in general; it’s about the tension between being our own person and being responsible to others. Ultimately, most of us do want connection, even if it involves some duties. 1．What is the feature of Grexts? 2．How might humans use group chats like echolocation? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ▶Without a standard etiquette, people have different ideas about what messages should be answered. 4．Please describe how another mobile technology affects your relationship with others. (In about 40 words) Passage 3 （24-25学年高二上·北京市海淀区·期末） Mastering financial literacy — the ability to understand and effectively manage personal finances — is a critical skill that can shape your future success. Financial literacy isn’t something distant or abstract. It’s a set of practical skills that can be developed from an early age. As you start a new school year, it’s an ideal time to explore topics such as budgeting and the importance of responsible spending. You can turn everyday activities into learning opportunities to enhance your financial education. For example, grocery shopping can be a way to practice budgeting. You can help make a shopping list, estimate the prices of items, and discuss why it’s essential to stick to a budget. This not only helps you understand the value of money but also teaches you to compare prices and think about whether you really need to spend more on certain items. When purchasing school supplies or holiday gifts, take a moment to reflect on what you truly need versus what you simply want. Learning to differentiate between “needs” and “wants” will empower you to make smarter spending decisions in the future. Getting involved in family discussions about larger purchases can also help you build financial awareness. Asking questions like, “Do we have enough savings?” You will gain a better understanding of the importance of money management and develop clear financial goals. As you grow older, you’ll need tools to manage your money effectively. Banks offer various tools to support financial literacy at different stages of development. For younger individuals, debit cards with parental controls can provide real-life experience with spending and saving. As you progress into your high school years, you can transition to accounts that offer more independence while still allowing parents to maintain oversight. However, developing financial literacy doesn’t stop when you turn 18. Discussions should continue, focusing on more advanced topics such as credit building, debt management, and long-term financial planning. By starting early and engaging in these financial discussions, you will lay a solid foundation for your future and cultivate good financial habits that will last a lifetime. 1．What is financial literacy according to the passage? 2．Why can grocery shopping help practice budgeting? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. As you enter high school, you will have access to accounts that give you more independence without parental involvement. 4．If you get ¥500 as pocket money, what are you going to do with it to show your financial literacy? (In about 40 words) 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·北京市东城区·期末） The growth mindset is a belief system that promotes the idea that abilities and intelligence can be developed with time, effort, and devotion. These are all aspects of yourself that can grow and improve over time. According to a research, the concept of a “growth mindset” is a shift from the traditional “fixed mindset.” Individuals with a fixed mindset believe their abilities are unchangeable. This can bring about self-created barriers and limit personal growth. In contrast, people with a growth mindset welcome challenges, and believe that their potential is unlimited. They understand that intelligence and skill can be developed. Developing a growth mindset is crucial because it builds toughness, promotes learning, and fuels success. It encourages you to view challenges as opportunities, improving adaptability and problem-solving skills. Having a growth mindset can transform the way you approach challenges and setbacks, leading to higher levels of achievement and satisfaction. An important step on developing a growth mindset is to welcome challenges into your life. See each challenge as a puzzle to solve, or a game to win. It’s about shifting from “I can’t do this” to “I can’t do this, yet.” Remember, growth mindset comes from stretching your abilities, stepping out of your comfort zone, and daring to do what you once thought impossible. The next step? Redefine failure. People with a growth mindset view failure as a learning experience — a stepping stone on their path to success. So, the next time you fail, analyze what went wrong, learn from it, and use that knowledge to do better next time. Even when progress seems S slow, your effort isn’t wasted; it’s building the strength you need to achieve your goals. Realizing the value of hard work s and celebrating these efforts will strengthen the belief that abilities can be expanded with time and commitment. 1．What is the growth mindset? 2．What is the disadvantage of “fixed mindset”? 3．What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 3? (About 10 words) 4．Speaking of language learning, how will you develop your growth mindset? (About 40 words) 主题03 人与社会——科学与技术 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·北京市西城区·期末） Life felt like a mountain hike with designated stops — high school, college — where I could figure out my direction. I chose chemistry as my college major because it seemed to provide different career options. Learning organic chemistry reactions wasn’t frustrating or boring, but I did not “love” my subject. After finishing my undergraduate degree, I wanted financial independence. I looked for jobs but most needed a master’s degree. I got into a graduate program and chose it, though I didn’t plan to continue to a Ph.D． However, I began to question my belief that I was not suited for a Ph. D．when I started the laboratory research project. I spent a lot of time in the lab and never felt bored. Mastering my project required constant learning and discovering. I started to prefer experiments over classes. As my master’s was drawing to a close, my confusion peaked. With my scores, I was in a good position to be hired by government-funded companies — a great opportunity I didn’t want to waste. And everyone I talked to advised securing a stable job instead of pursuing a Ph. D．, so I continued on to the interview stage. Still, I couldn’t ignore my growing interest in research. One week before my scheduled interview with my top-choice company, I backed out. I was going to pursue a Ph. D． I’ve completed my doctorate and am now an independent academic researcher. I have worked with others who are far more enthusiastic and were always sure they wanted to be scientists. I wondered how I traveled so far without “love” for the subject. Over the years, though, I have realized that neither success nor failure makes me go overboard or slip into depression. There are ups and downs, but it just feels right every morning to go to the laboratory and do experiments to learn something new. Although I have started my career as a“reluctant” (不情愿的) chemist, I am now ready to proclaim my love for what I do. All the way I try to see the relevant problems and solve them for my own satisfaction. That makes me no less capable than my peers, and no less deserving of a space in science. 1．Why did the author choose chemistry as his college major? 2．When did the author begin to question his belief about not being suited for a Ph. D．? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ➢The author decided to pursue a Ph. D．because he failed in the job interview. 4．Do you think it’s necessary for people to love what they do? Why or why not? (In about 40 words) Passage 2 （24-25学年高二上·北京市延庆区·期末） If you enjoy walking for exercise, there’s a simple way to meet your demand—change your walk into a ruck. And it’s an increasingly popular form of exercise. Rucking is walking with weight on your back. The term “rucking” comes from ruck marching, a core skill used by the military around the world. One of the tests the army normally gives to soldiers is a 12-mile ruck, which they must complete within three hours while carrying a weight of at least 35 pounds. The reason why rucking is growing in popularity is that it’s an easy and all-body exercise. One study in 2019 showed that 10 weeks of weighted walking improved physical performance. Since rucking is usually performed outdoors, there is no doubt that it’s also good for your mental health. Lots of studies suggest that the mental health benefits of being in a natural environment are huge. There are several tips for your rucking when you get started. First, don’t be too eager. As with any new exercise, you’ll need to begin slowly. Start with an empty backpack and walk a distance you’ve already done. When you start adding weight to your pack, try something low, like 10% of your body weight. Adding weight is going to put more stress on your ankles, knees, hips and back, so do it gradually. Another option is to start with a weighted vest instead of a backpack. This spreads the weight between your front and back. And of course, don’t forget your feet. Select a comfortable pair of shoes to prevent getting hurt. 1．What is rucking? 2．Why is rucking popular? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ➢ When you start adding weight to your pack, you can try any weight you like. 4．Besides what are mentioned in the text, what other benefits can rucking have on us? (In about 40 words) Passage 3 Passage 3 （24-25学年高二上·北京市平谷区·期末） Salary is often an important consideration when applying for and choosing a job. People often weigh their financial needs against jobs that might fulfill their passions in different industries. Learning about these two factors to consider when pursuing a career can help you decide if one might be more important for your professional and personal life. A significant benefit of a high-paying job is that you’ll likely have more money for things you want and need. Because employers may distribute compensation differently, you may have more or less money at certain times of the year. Still, a job that pays well can help you afford necessities like house and car payments, food and utility bills. Aside from paying for usual wants and needs, a job with a high salary can provide you with extra monetary security in case of emergencies. If you have extra income from a high-paying job, you can put it into a savings account that can help cover surprise expenses, like a move to a new home or a new baby. You might also get additional benefits, like a pension or retirement account, that can prepare you for a secure future. In contrast, choosing a job you’re passionate about can increase your productivity. This benefits both you and your employer, as you may be more likely to get more work done in a shorter amount of time and generate positive outcomes while doing something you enjoy. Increased productivity can help you get promotions and new knowledge opportunities that may promote your career growth. People who work jobs they love are likely to have a greater sense of contentment and fulfillment. Since people spend much of their lives at work, some may find it essential to feel satisfaction from the responsibilities of their role because it makes them feel good about what they do and how they affect others. This type of happiness can increase overall well-being and encourage a person to stay in their job for a long time. If you’re considering a job that pays well instead of the one you love, think about how much time you’ll have to enjoy the expendable income you might receive. If you want to choose a job for which you’re passionate, consider how much money you’ll have to do things in your free time. 1．What factors do people often consider when looking for a job? 2．How will increased productivity help you? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. People can experience happiness because they spend much of their lives at work. 4．Apart from the factors mentioned in the passage, what else will you take into consideration when looking for a job? Why? (In about 40 words) Passage 4 （23-24学年高二上·北京市朝阳区·期末） Survey data show that American customers today are more than twice as likely to complain about a product or service as they were in 1976. People are grumbling (抱怨) more at work too. Nearly a third of employers in one UK-based survey witnessed an increase in employee complaints over a two-year period. Of course, you can always find something to complain about. But if you do so habitually, that is probably hurting you, making others feel down, and making you a less attractive person to be around. So you might want to resist the trend toward a culture of complaint. Sometimes, complaining is “instrumental,” designed to gain redress (补偿) for displeasure, such as poor service or annoying behaviour from a family member. Complaining can also be “chronic,” a state of dissatisfaction in which grumblers constantly think about their misery and refuse to be comforted. More typically, however, complaining is simply to let out displeasure or obtain sympathy. The problem with complaining is that even though it can feel therapeutic (有疗效的), it typically isn’t. Although complaining might offer temporary relief, it’s bad for your happiness in the long run. Scholars have shown that people who share negative emotions on social media experience lower levels of well being. Complaining can also lower the happiness of the people around you. Researchers showed that simply hearing another’s complaint lowers one’s mood. Even worse, in some relationships , the negative effect can pass like a virus to those exposed. Let’s assume, however, that your livelihood does not rely on spreading misery. Much more likely is that it will be in your interest, if you have a complaining habit, to break it. The people you care about will be happier too. 1．What is the purpose of “instrumental” complaining? 2．What are the negative effects of complaining? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ➤ “Chronic” complaining is a state of dissatisfaction in which grumblers constantly think about their misery and try to obtain sympathy. 4．Instead of complaining, how would you deal with dissatisfaction in life? (In about 40 words) Passage 5 （23-24学年高二上·北京市西城区·期末） Alle Pierce knows how to plan a holiday. A few months ahead of time, she constructs a spreadsheet of what she wants to do and see. She examines the menus of restaurants she is planning to visit. She uses a picture of the destination as her phone’s locked screen image and downloads a countdown app. “What’s so exciting about a trip is the anticipation before it,” says Pierce, founder of a luxury travel company. Experts stay she is right. Recent studies suggest that hoping for something boosts your mood and lowers your stress. “Imagining good things ahead of us can increase motivation, optimism and patience,” says Simon Rego, a psychologist from New York. Of course we can’t just book a flight every time we need a little cheering up or feel low. But there are ways to incorporate the power of anticipation into your everyday life. Get excited about little things. Write down one thing you’re excited for tomorrow. Maybe it’s a new book, or a package you’re expecting. The collection of these mini thrills means you will still gain the benefits of looking forward to something. Plus, with the nearer stuff, there’s more of a sense that it’s going to happen for sure. Remember that anxiety and anticipation can coexist. “The dark side of positive anticipation is anticipatory anxiety. Anxiety and excitement are sister emotions,” says Christian Waugh, a psychology professor from North Carolina. But it is harmful only when you just focus on the anxiety part and ignore the excitement part. The key is acknowledging the happy, positive aspect of what you are doing, along with the nervous feelings. When you consider anxious things as exciting, it actually makes you feel better about them. Connect with your future self. Research has shown feeling as if you are on a path to your future self can have a positive effect on your well-being by getting you out of short-term thinking. Thinking ahead may help you prioritize your goal and move toward it. As you start seeing progress, you will look forward to doing the things that get you closer to your future self. In short, to enjoy life more, embrace anticipation. It’s worth waiting for. 1．What makes a trip exciting according to Alle Pierce? 2．How does hoping for something benefit us? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. According to the research, connecting with your future self can have a negative effect on your well-being. 4．Please give an example to show how you can incorporate the power of anticipation into your daily life. (In about 40 words) Passage 6 （23-24学年高二上·北京市顺义区·期末） How can we gain benefits from feedback practices while reducing their disadvantages? There are some ways to help you. Feedback works best for the people whose main goal is self-improvement. It should be given in a developmental approach and future-focused, highlighting areas in which the recipient (接收者) can improve, and offering clear, actionable strategies. First, we should consider using terms besides “feedback”. Some studies have suggested replacing “feedback” with terms such as “advice”, which often contain more practical information. Offering feedback as advice encourages recipients to focus on improving their future performance. Next, focus on the advantages. Excellence in teaching is often influenced by our own feelings, with lots of effective approaches for any given topic. Research suggests we improve ourselves when others focus on our advantages. A key to effective feedback is highlighting existing patterns of excellence. Then, we must learn how to give feedback. Delivering feedback can be challenging, especially if the person receiving the feedback is the person who has the same social position as you or the information could be sensed as critical (批评的). To avoid such situations, reducing unpleasant messages may help. Receiving feedback, as well as giving it, is a skill. Therefore, helping teachers build skills around receiving practice-based information, feedback, or advice, such as listening with an open mind, thinking critically about the information, asking for specific advice and “making a thoughtful choice” about the quality and effectiveness of the feedback, can improve the whole process. Finally, focus on the “what” of feedback. While much attention is given to the “how” of feedback delivery, the real value lies in the “what” of feedback, that is the richness of its information. “High information” feedback should include two important points: checking the correctness of the teacher’s approach when there is only one correct method and offering information to fill gaps in understanding and guide the recipient towards a desired approach. We know that feedback is quite important for teachers’ professional development. After reading the information above, with established effective feedback methods, we can make the feedback process more effective and useful for more teachers in ways that finally improve students’ learning. 1．Whom does the feedback work best for? (不多于10个单词) 2．How can we encourage recipients to focus on improving their future performance? (不多于7个单词) 3．What is a key to effective feedback? (不多于7个单词) 4．How can we avoid challenging situations when giving feedback? (不多于6个单词) 5．What does this passage mainly talk about? (不多于8个单词) Passage 7 （23-24学年高二上·北京市海淀区·期末） We’ve all seen the little kids—losing temper in the toy store, screaming in restaurants and generally making a scene in public. For their parents, giving in to a kid’s monstrous behavior helps to end the mess and gain some peace and quiet, and this is where overindulgence begins. According to Kathy Webb, a psychotherapist in Brunswick, overindulgence is the result of parents’ beliefs. A lot of overindulging parents believe their children should be happy all the time, which is the reason why the parents try to avoid conflict at all costs. They also hold that overindulgence equals love, but experts insist that being overly permissive and indulgent is not a healthy kind of love. Overindulgence can create a myriad of wrong attitudes and behaviors in children. When overindulged, children develop unrealistic expectations which do not serve them as they grow. Healthy parenting, Webb said, means giving children unconditional love, quality time, healthy discipline and respect for what is appropriate. “Healthy parents promote good values and use everyday life experiences to teach their children,” she said. Many parents don’t intentionally overindulge, but fail to follow through on consequences.  “Consequences help children develop their own self-guidance skills,” Webb said. “Without consequences, children never learn to discipline themselves.” But parents who have overindulged shouldn’t just throw up their hands and walk away from the situation, feeling like failures. There are steps that can be taken to turn family life around. “All is not lost,” Webb said. “You just have to take it step by step.” Identifying problems and what can be done to correct them are the first steps. This is where parents might want to invest in some counseling or parent coaching and refer to some parenting books. Such parents should also manage to regain proper parental power. In some families, overindulging parents are acting like peers, not parents. Consistency is also important—children often imitate the behavior they see from their parents. “Say what you mean and mean what you say,” Webb said. It seems that all it takes is one raised eyebrow and a very stern look to stop the misbehaviour. But Webb believes what really grounded her children is their inclusion in the family’s life, not just the fun stuff like vacations and outings. They should also be taught to clean house, cook, and do laundry. 1．What do overindulgent parents believe? 2．What is healthy parenting according to Webb? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. To relieve overindulgence, parents can take certain steps such as acting like kids’ peers and ensuring consistency. 4．Share one parenting method that benefits your growth and explain why.(In about 40 words) / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题07 阅读表达 主题01 人与社会——历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·北京市房山区·期末） Jesse Brooks was a straight-A student — a result of countless hours spent studying during college. She graduated at the top of her class and believed she would have no problem getting a job. However, having had ten interviews and no job offers, she was starting to wonder what was wrong. “At first I was confused. I’m intelligent and diligent, but why couldn’t I get a job?” Despite having “academic” intelligence, Jesse was missing the intelligence that many employers are now looking for — emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence is the ability to understand your own emotions and the emotions of people around you. It can have a surprisingly powerful effect on your life. More and more companies use EI assessment tests to recruit new staff. They have come to know that people with high EI form better relationships with their colleagues and can manage themselves better. This benefits the company, in the form of higher productivity and profit. Jesse thinks that she spent so much of her college life studying alone that her social skills did not develop well. Determined to get straight As, she had not played any team sports or participated in any school groups, both of which would have helped develop social skills and emotional intelligence. Although she could motivate herself to accomplish a goal, she did not know how to work with others, a key to success in most commercial businesses. Although Jesse might not have a high EI now, psychologists believe she can improve it. Jesse says, “I need to identify people who are ‘natural’ leaders, who work well with others and are great motivators. I should watch what they say and how they act in different situations. Then go out, socialize, and try it out in my own life.” 1．Why was Jesse confused at first? 2．What is emotional intelligence? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. More and more companies use EI assessment tests to recruit new staff, because they have found that people with high EI could motivate themselves to accomplish higher goals. 4．How can you improve your emotional intelligence? (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．Jesse was confused because despite having high academic intelligence and graduating at the top of her class, she was unable to secure a job. 2．Emotional intelligence is the ability to understand your own emotions and the emotions of people around you. 3．The false part is: “because they have found that people with high EI could motivate themselves to accomplish higher goals.” Explanation: The text states that companies use EI assessment tests to recruit new staff because people with high EI can form better relationships with their colleagues and manage themselves better, which benefits the company in terms of higher productivity and profit. It does not mention that high EI directly motivates individuals to accomplish higher goals, but rather it implies that the social and self-management skills associated with high EI are beneficial in a work environment. 4．To improve emotional intelligence, one can observe natural leaders and how they interact with others, practice socializing in different situations, and develop better understanding of emotions through active participation in group activities and teamwork. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过杰西的例子说明了情商在工作中的重要性以及怎样提高情商。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段的句子“She graduated at the top of her class and believed she would have no problem getting a job. However, having had ten interviews and no job offers, she was starting to wonder what was wrong. “At first I was confused. I’m intelligent and diligent, but why couldn’t I get a job?” (她以全班第一名的成绩毕业，她相信找份工作不会有问题。然而，在参加了十次面试却没有得到工作机会后，她开始怀疑到底是哪里出了问题。“一开始我很困惑。我既聪明又勤奋，但为什么我找不到工作呢？)”可知，杰西一开始很困惑是因为她既聪明又勤奋并且以全班第一名的成绩毕业但是她却没有得到工作机会。故答案为Jesse was confused because despite having high academic intelligence and graduating at the top of her class, she was unable to secure a job. 2．细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“Emotional intelligence is the ability to understand your own emotions and the emotions of people around you.(情商是一种理解自己和周围人情绪的能力。)”可知，情商是一种理解自己和周围人情绪的能力。故答案为Emotional intelligence is the ability to understand your own emotions and the emotions of people around you. 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“More and more companies use EI assessment tests to recruit new staff. They have come to know that people with high EI form better relationships with their colleagues and can manage themselves better. This benefits the company, in the form of higher productivity and profit.(越来越多的公司使用情商评估测试来招聘新员工。他们已经知道，高情商的人与同事之间的关系更好，也能更好地管理自己。这以更高的生产率和利润的形式使公司受益。)”可知，高情商的人与同事之间的关系更好，也能更好地管理自己，这以更高的生产率和利润的形式使公司受益。但是文章没有提到高情商直接激励个人实现更高的目标。故答案为The false part is: “because they have found that people with high EI could motivate themselves to accomplish higher goals.” Explanation: The text states that companies use EI assessment tests to recruit new staff because people with high EI can form better relationships with their colleagues and manage themselves better, which benefits the company in terms of higher productivity and profit. It does not mention that high EI directly motivates individuals to accomplish higher goals, but rather it implies that the social and self-management skills associated with high EI are beneficial in a work environment. 4．推理判断题。根据第四段的句子“Determined to get straight As, she had not played any team sports or participated in any school groups, both of which would have helped develop social skills and emotional intelligence.(为了获得全优，她没有参加任何团体运动，也没有参加任何学校团体，而这两项活动都有助于培养社交技能和情商。)”和第五段的句子“Jesse says, “I need to identify people who are ‘natural’ leaders, who work well with others and are great motivators. I should watch what they say and how they act in different situations. Then go out, socialize, and try it out in my own life.”(杰西说：“我需要确定哪些人是‘天生的’领导者，他们与他人合作良好，并且是伟大的激励者。我应该观察他们在不同情况下的言行举止。然后走出去，参加社交活动，在自己的生活中尝试一下。”)”可知，为了提高情商，人们可以观察天生的领导者以及他们如何与他人互动，在不同的情况下练习社交，并通过积极参与团体活动和团队合作来更好地理解情绪。故答案为To improve emotional intelligence, one can observe natural leaders and how they interact with others, practice socializing in different situations, and develop better understanding of emotions through active participation in group activities and teamwork. Passage 2 （24-25学年高二上·北京市石景山区·期末） When I was in Grade 6, I got my first camera as a gift from my uncle, James Wilson, a professional photographer. It was a special occasion because digital cameras were not common at that time. The first few days, I took pictures of everything — the sky, my friends, even my shoes! Every click of the camera seemed like a chance to preserve a moment, but after a week, I began to notice that many of the photos seemed repetitive. They didn’t have the same magic expected, and I felt disappointed. It was then that I recognised that just taking pictures wasn’t enough. One day, I decided to focus on photographing moments meaningful to me. I started taking pictures of the people I loved, the places I visited, and even little details that had personal significance. The more I did this, the more I learned that photography isn’t just about taking pictures — it’s about telling a story, recording memories that matter. I could see the difference in my pictures: they started to reflect moments that were special to me, not just random images. A few years later, I came across an old collection of photographs from my grandparents. I was deeply attracted. Some of them were taken during their travels, while others preserved simple moments at home. These images were full of life and meaning, just like the ones I had been trying to take. I realised that photography has always been a powerful tool for preserving history and emotions. My grandparents had used it in the same way I did: not just to take pictures, but to treasure moments that could never be relived and things that words alone couldn’t express. 1．What did James Wilson do for a living? 2．What did the author do with the camera during the first few days? 3．Please underline the false part in the following statement and explain why. The author was attracted by the photographs of his grandparents because they were repetitive like his early pictures. 4．Do you have a photo that is really meaningful to you? Why is it special? (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．James Wilson was a professional photographer. 2．He took pictures of everything. 3．The author was attracted by the photographs of his grandparents because they were repetitive like his early pictures. Because they were full of life and meaning. 1．I have a photo of my dog and me on a hike. It’s special because it captures a moment ofpure joy and companionship. Every time I look at it, it reminds me of the bond we share andthe adventures we’ve had. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者与摄影结缘的过程，从最初获得相机时的兴奋，到拍照初期的尝试与失望，再到有意识地捕捉有意义瞬间的转变，最后通过祖父母的照片集领悟到摄影的深层意义。 1．考查细节理解。根据第一段“When I was in Grade 6, I got my first camera as a gift from my uncle, James Wilson, a professional photographer.(当我在六年级的时候，我得到了我的第一台相机作为礼物，我的叔叔，詹姆斯·威尔逊，一个专业摄影师)”可知，詹姆斯·威尔逊是一名专业摄影师。故答案为James Wilson was a professional photographer. 2．考查细节理解。根据第二段“The first few days, I took pictures of everything — the sky, my friends, even my shoes!(最初的几天，我拍下了一切——天空，我的朋友，甚至我的鞋子！)”可知，作者在最初的几天里用相机拍下了一切。故答案为He took pictures of everything. 3．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“A few years later, I came across an old collection of photographs from my grandparents. I was deeply attracted. Some of them were taken during their travels, while others preserved simple moments at home. These images were full of life and meaning, just like the ones I had been trying to take.(几年后，我偶然发现了祖父母的一组旧照片。我被深深地吸引住了。其中一些是在旅行中拍摄的，而另一些则是在家中拍摄的。这些照片充满了生命和意义，就像我一直试图拍摄的照片一样)”可知，作者被他祖父母的照片所吸引，因为这些照片充满了生命和意义，所以“The author was attracted by the photographs of his grandparents because they were repetitive like his early pictures.”这句话中“because they were repetitive like his early pictures”部分是错误的。故答案为The author was attracted by the photographs of his grandparents because they were repetitive like his early pictures. Because they were full of life and meaning. 4．开放性试题。言之有理即可，注意词数限制。如：我有一张我和我的狗在远足的照片。它的特别之处在于它捕捉到了纯粹的快乐和陪伴的时刻。每次我看到它，它都让我想起我们之间的纽带和我们一起经历的冒险。故答案为I have a photo of my dog and me on a hike. It’s special because it captures a moment ofpure joy and companionship. Every time I look at it, it reminds me of the bond we share andthe adventures we’ve had. 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·北京市大兴区·期末） A Schoolyard Garden Have you ever eaten something that you grew in your own garden? Many people have not had the pleasure of this experience. Alice Waters, the owner of a restaurant, set out to change all that for a special group of students at a middle school. Waters worked with the school’s principal to create a cooking and gardening program at the school. Waters believes in the importance of people knowing where their food comes from. She also believes that there is a strong relationship between food, health, and the environment. Her goal at the middle school was to show children the pleasure in gardening and in preparing the foods that they cultivated. She wanted to teach them that a healthy body and a healthy environment go hand in hand. The project that Waters began took a lot of time and patience. She relied on the help of teachers, students, and community volunteers to turn a parking lot into a garden. At the same time, renovation was begun to turn an old cafeteria into a kitchen where students could prepare foods and share meals with their teachers. Then, the first usable crops were planted. They included various vegetables. In the following year they brought the addition of plants. Every year since then, new crops are added and old crops are evaluated to make sure that they are best suited for the environment and the needs of the school. Students have found that they look forward to the time they spend in the garden each week. They have learned how to weed, prune, and harvest. They have learned about the life cycles of various plants. They also know how to enrich the soil through composting, a process in which leftover scraps of fruits and vegetables are used as fertilizer. Many have discovered that they like fruits and vegetables that they had never before been willing to try. Alice Waters dreams that one day there will be a garden in every school. She hopes that school lunches can be prepared using the produce from the gardens and other locally-grown organic produce. 1．Why did Waters create this gardening and cooking program in the school? 2．What preparation(s) did they make before the project? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. To make the soil more suitable for various crops and vegetables, they bought chemical fertilizers to enrich the soil. 4．If there were a similar project in your school, would you like to take part in it? Why or why not? (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．To show children the pleasure of gardening and preparing food, and to teach them the connection between a healthy body and a healthy environment. 2．They turned a parking lot into a garden and renovated an old cafeteria into a kitchen. 3．To make the soil more suitable for various crops and vegetables, they bought chemical fertilizers to enrich the soil. They enrich the soil through composting. 1．Yes, I would join. It offers hands-on experience in gardening and cooking, teaches sustainability, and helps develop healthier eating habits. Plus, it’s meaningful to contribute to a greener school environment. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了爱丽丝·沃特斯是一家餐馆的老板，她与学校校长合作，在学校创建了一个烹饪和园艺项目。 1．考查细节理解。根据第二段“Her goal at the middle school was to show children the pleasure in gardening and in preparing the foods that they cultivated. She wanted to teach them that a healthy body and a healthy environment go hand in hand.(她在中学的目标是向孩子们展示园艺和准备他们种植的食物的乐趣。她想告诉他们，健康的身体和健康的环境是相辅相成的)”可知，沃特斯要在学校开设园艺和烹饪课程是为了向孩子们展示园艺和准备食物的乐趣，并教导他们健康的身体和健康的环境之间的联系。故答案为To show children the pleasure of gardening and preparing food, and to teach them the connection between a healthy body and a healthy environment. 2．考查细节理解。根据第三段“The project that Waters began took a lot of time and patience. She relied on the help of teachers, students, and community volunteers to turn a parking lot into a garden. At the same time, renovation was begun to turn an old cafeteria into a kitchen where students could prepare foods and share meals with their teachers.(沃特斯开始的这个项目花费了大量的时间和耐心。她依靠老师、学生和社区志愿者的帮助，把一个停车场变成了一个花园。与此同时，学校开始将一个旧的自助餐厅改造成一个厨房，学生可以在那里准备食物，并与老师分享食物)”可知，他们在项目开始前把一个停车场改造成了一个花园，把一个旧的自助餐厅改造成了一个厨房。故答案为They turned a parking lot into a garden and renovated an old cafeteria into a kitchen. 3．考查细节理解。根据第五段“They also know how to enrich the soil through composting, a process in which leftover scraps of fruits and vegetables are used as fertilizer.(他们还知道如何通过堆肥来丰富土壤，这是一种将剩余的水果和蔬菜残渣用作肥料的过程)”可知，错误部分为“bought chemical fertilizers”，学生通过堆肥改善土壤，而非购买化肥。故答案为To make the soil more suitable for various crops and vegetables, they bought chemical fertilizers to enrich the soil. They enrich the soil through composting. 4．考查开放题。根据“如果你们学校有类似的项目，你愿意参加吗？为什么或者为什么不呢？”可回答，是的，我愿意参加。它提供园艺和烹饪的实践经验，教授可持续发展，并帮助培养更健康的饮食习惯。此外，为更绿色的学校环境做出贡献是有意义的。故答案为Yes, I would join. It offers hands-on experience in gardening and cooking, teaches sustainability, and helps develop healthier eating habits. Plus, it’s meaningful to contribute to a greener school environment. Passage 2 （23-24学年高二上·北京市通州区·期末） Studying abroad has become an extremely popular study option amongst university students. While studying abroad is extremely expensive, it exposes students to a wide range of people, cultures and experiences that will reward them later on in their careers. In my opinion, students are far better off studying abroad even though it might be a bit costly. One of the greatest advantages of studying in a foreign country is that it exposes students to essential life experiences that will develop them professionally, impossible if they have studied only in their own country. Being in another country forces people to pop and come out of their bubble of comfort, opening them to a wide range of opportunities, which can help them advance in their careers. When I went to study in the UK as an eighteen-year-old, I had to push myself out of my comfort zone and become self-reliant, making me much more mentally and emotionally mature. These ultra-challenging experiences are what develops a person. A negative aspect of studying overseas is that it is extremely expensive. It is not just high university fees that drive up the expenses; it includes stationery and study material expenses, travelling costs, rent, money spent on food, and other different expenses. I had to take an. education loan of 30000 pounds to fund my tuition fees. Moreover, during my stay in the UK. I had to take up a job as a part-time waiter to earn enough to pay my monthly rent and meet a part of my monthly expenses. An increasing number of students are opting to study overseas. Although studying abroad can make a hole in your pocket, it will test and challenge you mentally and emotionally, helping your overall personal and professional development. In my opinion, long-term professional and personal gains from overseas studies justify every penny spent on it. 1．What’s the author’s opinion towards studying abroad? 2．What drives up the expenses of studying abroad? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then change it and explain why. Studying abroad can make a hole in your pocket and challenge you, so overseas studies are not worth it. 4．Apart from what have been mentioned towards studying abroad, what else do you think of it?(In about 40 words ) 【答案】1．The author believes that the exposure to diverse cultures and experiences will reward them later on in their careers. 2．High university fees, stationery and study material expenses, travel costs, rent, food expenses, and other different expenses. 3．The false part of the statement is "overseas studies are not worth it." The statement is incorrect because the author believes that despite the financial challenges, the long-term benefits of studying abroad justify the expenses. 4．Studying abroad also offers opportunities for language acquisition, networking with international peers, and gaining a broader perspective on global issues, which can enhance one's adaptability and intercultural communication skills. 【导语】这是一篇议论文。主要强调了尽管留学费用昂贵，但对个人发展至关重要。留学能够拓展学生的视野，丰富其人生经历，提高个人和职业素养。作者认为，虽然留学会花费很多钱，但长远来看，这些支出都是值得的。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“While studying abroad is extremely expensive, it exposes students to a wide range of people, cultures and experiences that will reward them later on in their careers.”（虽然出国留学费用极高，但它能让学生接触到各种各样的人、文化和经验，这将使他们在以后的职业生涯中受益匪浅。）可知作者认为出国留学能让学生接触到各种各样的人、文化和经验，这将使他们在以后的职业生涯中受益匪浅。故答案为The author believes that the exposure to diverse cultures and experiences will reward them later on in their careers. 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“It is not just high university fees that drive up the expenses; it includes stationery and study material expenses, travelling costs, rent, money spent on food, and other different expenses.”（导致开支增加的不仅仅是高昂的大学学费，还包括文具和学习材料开支、交通费、房租、伙食费以及其他各种开支。）可知是高昂的大学学费、文具和学习材料开支、交通费、房租、伙食费以及其他各种开支导致了留学费用的增加。故答案为High university fees, stationery and study material expenses, travel costs, rent, food expenses, and other different expenses. 3．推理判断题。根据第一段中“While studying abroad is extremely expensive, it exposes students to a wide range of people, cultures and experiences that will reward them later on in their careers.”（虽然出国留学费用极高，但它能让学生接触到各种各样的人、文化和经验，这将使他们在以后的职业生涯中受益匪浅。）可推知尽管存在经济挑战，但出国留学的长远利益证明这些费用是值得的。题目中“overseas studies are not worth it.”与作者观点相反，因此错误部分为“overseas studies are not worth it.”。故答案为The false part of the statement is "overseas studies are not worth it." The statement is incorrect because the author believes that despite the financial challenge, the long-term benefits of studying abroad justify the expenses. 4．推理判断题。通读文章并结合主旨可知，文章主要强调了尽管留学费用昂贵，但对个人发展至关重要。留学能够拓展学生的视野，丰富其人生经历，提高个人和职业素养，虽然留学会花费很多钱，但长远来看，这些支出都是值得的。因此，就个人看来，出国留学也提供了学习语言、与国际同龄人建立联系以及从更广阔的视角看待全球问题的机会，这可以提高个人的适应能力和跨文化交流技能。故答案为Studying abroad also offers opportunities for language acquisition, networking with international peers, and gaining a broader perspective on global issues, which can enhance one's adaptability and intercultural communication skills. 【点睛】 主题03 人与自我——做人与做事 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·北京市通州区·期末） Life transitions can be defined as significant changes in life that force individuals to adjust to a new set of circumstances. These changes can be positive, negative, or neutral, but regardless of their nature, they can be disruptive to our lives. For instance, moving to a new city can be exciting, but it can also be challenging to adapt to a new environment, make new friends, and establish a new support system. There’s no denying that life often presents us with our fair share of challenges, usually in the form of sudden change. These life transitions, even the positive ones, can throw us into a tailspin (慌乱) and leave us feeling stressed, confused, and vulnerable. But with the right tools and mindset, you have the power to overcome any adversity in the sudden change. Change, even difficult change that is neither wanted nor expected, can influence personal growth. Change gives us the opportunity to see what we’re made of; to become stronger, more confident, and better prepared for what life throws at us next. With each new challenge, we develop new personal skills and obtain a greater awareness of ourselves, our families, and our communities. During times of change, our mental health can suffer. We may experience a range of emotions, such as anxiety, fear, sadness, and frustration. We may feel overwhelmed and struggle to cope with the new challenges and demands of our lives. Additionally, our self-esteem may be impacted as we face new challenges that we are not sure we can overcome. These feelings can lead to mental health problems, such as depression and anxiety, which can affect our overall well-being. Sometimes we can handle change and adversity by ourselves and sometimes we need a little help. 1．What are life transitions? 2．How can we gain the power to handle life transitions? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ➤Life transitions can give us an insight into ourselves and surely promote our mental well-being. 4．What tips will you give to a friend who is suffering from a life transition? (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．Life transitions are significant changes in life that force individuals to adjust to a new set of circumstances. 2．With the right tools and mindset, we can gain the power to handle life transitions. 3．The false part is “surely promote our mental well-being”. Life transitions can also make our mental health suffer and lead to mental health problems. So it doesn’t surely promote our mental well-being. 4．Stay positive and believe in yourself. Don’t hesitate to ask for help when in trouble. You’ll get through this difficult time. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人生转折的含义以及它对我们的影响。 1．考查细节理解。根据第一段的句子“Life transitions can be defined as significant changes in life that force individuals to adjust to a new set of circumstances.(人生转折可以定义为生活中的重大变化，迫使个人适应一系列新的环境。)”可知，人生转折指的是生活中迫使个人适应新环境的重大变化。故填Life transitions are significant changes in life that force individuals to adjust to a new set of circumstances. 2．考查细节理解。根据第二段的句子“But with the right tools and mindset, you have the power to overcome any adversity in the sudden change.(但是有了正确的工具和心态，你就有能力在突如其来的变化中克服任何逆境。)”可知，正确的工具和心态能帮我们获得处理生活转变的力量。故填With the right tools and mindset, we can gain the power to handle life transitions. 3．考查细节理解。根据第四段的句子“During times of change, our mental health can suffer.(在变化的时期，我们的心理健康会受到影响。)”和“Additionally, our self-esteem may be impacted as we face new challenges that we are not sure we can overcome. These feelings can lead to mental health problems, such as depression and anxiety, which can affect our overall well-being.(此外，我们的自尊可能会受到影响，因为我们面临新的挑战，我们不确定我们能克服。这些感觉会导致心理健康问题，如抑郁和焦虑，从而影响我们的整体健康。)”可知，生活的转折也会使我们的心理健康受到影响，并导致心理健康问题。所以它并不一定能促进我们的心理健康。故填The false part is “surely promote our mental well-being”. Life transitions can also make our mental health suffer and lead to mental health problems. So it doesn’t surely promote our mental well-being. 4．开放性试题。答案言之有理即可。题干问“你会给正在经历人生转变的朋友什么建议？”，可以回答的是：保持积极态度并相信自己。遇到困难时，不要犹豫寻求帮助。你会度过这段困难时期的。故填Stay positive and believe in yourself. Don’t hesitate to ask for help when in trouble. You’ll get through this difficult time. Passage 2 （23-24学年高二上·北京市房山区·期末） Many of us work tirelessly towards our goals. We may spend our lives dreaming of the day we are admitted to our ideal university, publish our first book or purchase our first home. However, more often than not, when we achieve these things, it doesn’t feel quite as expected. In fact, the achievement of the goals feels anti-climactic, or a bit of a letdown. “An anti-climax can be an unexpected by-product of a milestone achievement. Usually, the more significant the milestone, the greater the anti-climax may be,” says Rachel Vora, psychotherapist and founder of CYP Well-being. “The journey to achieving a milestone can be exciting and all-consuming. Therefore, when this disappears overnight, we can often feel lost and confused.” If you find yourself working toward something big that you suspect may feel like a bit of a letdown, there are steps you can take to manage and even prevent the feeling of anti-climax. First, enjoy the journey. You’d better slow down a little and come to realize that joy comes from the doing, not the completing. So instead of rushing for it to be done, take a moment to enjoy the doing. Second, foresee the comedown. If you are aware of a potential upcoming anti-climax, schedule an activity to look forward to soon after the event has finished. Consider planning some time with friends and family, or attending a concert or even a cooking class. This can act as a reminder that other aspects of life can be just as fulfilling. Third, normalize the experience. The key is to normalize feelings of low mood, confusion, and self-doubt around anti-climaxes, which are something many people undergo. Connecting with others may also be beneficial. It can help to engage with friends and influencers online who share similar experiences to feel less isolated (孤立的) with your own emotions. 1．Based on what Rachel Vora says, what can an anti-climax be? 2．What steps can you take to manage the feeling of anti-climax? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. If you are aware of a potential upcoming anti-climax, avoid planning some time with friends and family. 4．Suppose you have just been admitted to your dream university. What will you do to deal with the anti-climax? (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．An anti-climax can be an unexpected by-product of a milestone achievement. 2．First, enjoy the journey. Second, foresee the comedown. Third, normalize the experience. 3．If you are aware of a potential upcoming anti-climax, avoid planning some time with friends and family. If you are aware of a potential upcoming anti-climax, consider planning some time with friends and family. 1．First, I will treat myself to 2-week tours in China with my friends and family. Then I will take driving lessons to learn a new skill. Alternatively, I will volunteer at my local nursing home and give back to the community. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要谈论了人们在实现目标后可能会经历的“反高潮”现象，并给出了应对这一现象的建议。 1．考查细节理解。根据文章第二段““An anti-climax can be an unexpected by-product of a milestone achievement. Usually, the more significant the milestone, the greater the anti-climax may be,” says Rachel Vora, psychotherapist and founder of CYP Well-being.(“反高潮可能是里程碑式成就的意外副产品。通常，里程碑越重要，反高潮就越严重，”心理治疗师、CYP wellness的创始人Rachel Vora说。)”可知，Rachel Vora认为反高潮可能是里程碑式成就的意外副产品。故答案为An anti-climax can be an unexpected by-product of a milestone achievement。 2．考查细节理解。根据文章第四段“First, enjoy the journey.(首先，享受旅程。)”、第五段“Second, foresee the comedown. (第二，预见衰退。)”以及第六段“Third, normalize the experience. (第三，使经历正常化。)”可知，我们可以采取三项措施才管理这种反高潮的感觉。故答案为First, enjoy the journey. Second, foresee the comedown. Third, normalize the experience。 3．考查细节理解。根据文章第五段“If you are aware of a potential upcoming anti-climax, schedule an activity to look forward to soon after the event has finished. Consider planning some time with friends and family, or attending a concert or even a cooking class.(如果你意识到一个潜在的反高潮即将到来，在活动结束后安排一个期待的活动。考虑计划一些与朋友和家人在一起的时间，或者参加一场音乐会，甚至是烹饪课。)”可知，文章作者认为如果意识到一个反高潮即将到来，可以考虑计划和朋友以及家人待在一起的活动。由此可知，原句If you are aware of a potential upcoming anti-climax, avoid planning some time with friends and family.中的“avoid”是错误的，应该改成“consider”。故答案为If you are aware of a potential upcoming anti-climax, avoid planning some time with friends and family.→If you are aware of a potential upcoming anti-climax, consider planning some time with friends and family. 4．开放题。要求考生谈谈如果自己被梦寐以求的大学录取会怎么处理这种反高潮，考生言之有理即可。故参考答案为First, I will treat myself to 2-week tours in China with my friends and family. Then I will take driving lessons to learn a new skill. Alternatively, I will volunteer at my local nursing home and give back to the community。 主题04 人与社会——科学与技术 Passage 1 （23-24学年高二上·北京市丰台区·期末） Nowadays, a lot of young people seem to spend much of their free time either watching television or playing computer games. Certainly, these things are entertaining, but they don’t contribute much to developing their brains. Many believe that reading books, and especially fiction, is a much more effective way of achieving this. The most obvious benefit we get from reading a good story is a growing vocabulary. We come across new words in reading and try to understand these words through context. Gradually, we become more confident with complex words. In addition, we improve in other areas such as speaking and writing just by reading regularly. It has also been established that reading fiction is a good way of developing a good self-image. Non-readers or poor readers often have low opinions of themselves. Besides, they may perform poorly in other subjects because they cannot read and understand the material. Most importantly, however, reading fiction helps us to develop our brains. The human brain can work well when we just do regular things, like driving or walking. However, learning expert Dr. Brian E. Walsh suggested that it can perform more effectively when an element of surprise is added, because this helps to build connections in the brain. In this respect, the positive effects of reading may be much stronger than previously thought. Recent research has shown that the brain reacts more strongly to unpredictable than to predictable things. This may explain why people enjoy reading fiction, which generally contains lots of unpredictable things. Reading fiction enables us to experience fresh scenarios(情节) and identify with the people we are reading about. When we mentally create the scenes, the look of the characters, the smells, and the sounds in the book, we are exercising our brain. The brain is challenged. This is a positive thing because it will continue to grow and develop if properly stimulated. The more it is used, the better it becomes. 1．How does reading help us improve vocabulary? 2．What are the problems for people who seldom read according to the passage? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. > Reading fiction has more positive effects on our brain since fiction shows more predictable things in our daily life. 4．Apart from what are mentioned in the passage, what other benefit(s) have you gained from reading fiction? 【答案】1．By understanding these words through context and making us more confident with complex words. 2．The problems for people who seldom read are having low opinions of themselves and influencing their performance in other subjects. 3．Reading fiction has more positive effects on our brain since fiction shows morepredictable things in our daily life. Reading fiction has more positive effects on our brain since fiction shows more unpredictable things in our daily life. 4．Reading can also relax the mood because reading novels can help us temporarily forget the pressure and bring a sense of pleasure. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是阅读的一些好处。 1．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“We come across new words in reading and try to understand these words through context. Gradually, we become more confident with complex words.(我们在阅读中遇到生词，并试着通过语境来理解这些单词。渐渐地，我们对复杂的单词更有信心了。)”可知，在阅读时遇到生词，可以通过语境来理解他们，并且逐渐他对复杂单词更有信心，所以通过语境理解单词来帮助我们对生词更有信心，进而提高我们的词汇量。故答案为By understanding these words through context and making us more confident with complex words. 2．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Non-readers or poor readers often have low opinions of themselves. Besides, they may perform poorly in other subjects because they cannot read and understand the material.(不阅读或阅读能力差的人往往对自己的评价很低。此外，他们可能在其他科目上表现不佳，因为他们不能阅读和理解材料。)”可知，阅读少的人对自己评价很低，而且会在其他科目上表现不佳，由此可知，很少阅读的人对自己评价很低且影响其他科目上的表现。故答案为The problems for people who seldom read are having low opinions of themselves and influencing their performance in other subjects. 3．考查细节理解。根据尾段中的“Recent research has shown that the brain reacts more strongly to unpredictable than to predictable things. This may explain why people enjoy reading fiction, which generally contains lots of unpredictable things.(最近的研究表明，大脑对不可预测的事物比可预测的事物反应更强烈。这也许可以解释为什么人们喜欢读小说，因为小说通常包含许多不可预测的事情。)”可知，研究发现，大脑对不可预测的事物比可预测的事物反应更强烈，由此可知，人们喜欢阅读的原因是小说中含有很多不可预测的事情，所以题干中的predictable错误，应为 unpredictable。故答案为Reading fiction has more positive effects on our brain since fiction shows more predictable things in our daily life. Reading fiction has more positive effects on our brain since fiction shows more unpredictable things in our daily life. 4．开放性题目。除了文中介绍的阅读的好处外，阅读还可以放松心情因为阅读小说是一种良好的休闲活动,可以帮助我们暂时忘记压力和忙碌，带来愉悦感。故答案为Reading can also relax the mood because reading novels can help us temporarily forget the pressure and bring a sense of pleasure. 主题05 人与自我——情感与情绪 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·北京市朝阳区·期末） In my grandparents’ time, the question of whether to repair or replace an item was unimportant. Repair was usually the only option. So, when faced with a broken hoe (锄头), I decided to make the repair, just like grandpa would have done. I dug through my toolbox for the needed parts, searching for just the right tools in my collection. Working with objects that have a history is satisfying, and I love thinking about the hands that used them to keep home going smoothly. Finally, I chose my favourite hammer (锤子), passed down from my dad, who received it from his dad. Grandpa’s hammer has a worn handle, spotted with colorful paint from a lifetime of projects. With just the right instrument in hand, I was ready to begin. Along with his hammer, grandpa passed down the importance of having the right tools for a job. Over the years, I’ve enjoyed hearing the backstories of others’ treasured objects as well. As I recorded the spoken history of one friend, she traced the story of grandma’s rolling pin through her family tree. The rolling pin started as a wedding gift many generations ago. Lovingly passed down, along with a tradition of pie making and biscuit rolling, it touches the heartstrings of all in the family. It isn’t just a piece of hardwood: it is the memories of joyful times celebrated and heartbreaks shared. It also witnesses future hopes as little hands are coached on how to roll out pastry evenly and as new grandchildren are bounced on knees over a piece of after-dinner pie. As I finished the hoe repair and put the hammer back, I said hearty thanks to grandpa and all those who took time to show me how to use tools and shared stories. I’m determined to pass both along to the next generation. 1．What did the author decide to do with the broken hoe? 2．What did grandpa pass down to the author? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The rolling pin in the friend’s family used to be a wedding gift and is passed down with a tradition of collecting useful tools. 4．Besides hand tools like hammers and rolling pins, what object witnesses your joyful or heartbreaking times as you grow up? Why? (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．The author decided to make the repair. 2．Along with his hammer, grandpa passed down the importance of having the right tools for a job. 3．The rolling pin in the friend’ s family used to be a wedding gift and is passed downwith a tradition of collecting useful tools. The rolling pin in the friend’s family used to be a wedding gift and is passed down with a tradition of pie making and biscuit rolling. 4．My camera. It was a gift for my tenth birthday from my parents. Since then, it has been a faithful companion through every joyful moment as I grow up. From family vacations to backyard adventures, it captured smiles of my loved ones, the breathtaking sunsets, and my first bike ride, preserving a visual diary of my happiest memories. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者修理锄头的过程，以及家族工具的传承与故事分享。 1．考查细节理解。由文章第一段中“So, when faced with a broken hoe (锄头), I decided to make the repair, just like grandpa would have done. (所以，当面对一把折断的锄头时，我决定修理，就像爷爷会做的那样。)”可知，作者决定修理那把破锄头。故答案为：The author decided to make the repair. 2．考查细节理解。由文章第三段中“Finally, I chose my favourite hammer (锤子), passed down from my dad, who received it from his dad. Grandpa’s hammer has a worn handle, spotted with colorful paint from a lifetime of projects. With just the right instrument in hand, I was ready to begin. Along with his hammer, grandpa passed down the importance of having the right tools for a job. (最后，我选择了我最喜欢的锤子，这是我爸爸传下来的，他爸爸送我的。爷爷的锤子有一个磨损的把手，上面布满了一生从事的项目留下的彩色油漆。有了合适的工具，我就准备开始了。除了他的锤子，爷爷还把拥有合适工具的重要性传了下来。)”可知，爷爷给作者留下了他最喜欢的锤子，以及工作中使用合适工具的重要性。故答案为：Along with his hammer, grandpa passed down the importance of having the right tools for a job. 3．考查细节理解。由文章第四段中“As I recorded the spoken history of one friend, she traced the story of grandma’s rolling pin through her family tree. The rolling pin started as a wedding gift many generations ago. Lovingly passed down, along with a tradition of pie making and biscuit rolling, it touches the heartstrings of all in the family. (当我记录一位朋友的口述历史时，她在她的家谱中追溯了奶奶的擀面杖的故事。擀面杖是几代人以前作为结婚礼物开始的。它被深情地传承下来，伴随着做馅饼和滚饼干的传统，触动了家里所有人的心弦。)”可知，朋友家里的擀面杖曾经是结婚礼物，流传下来的传统是做馅饼和卷饼干，而不是有收集有用工具的传统。故划线部分为with a tradition of collecting useful tools。故答案为：The rolling pin in the friend’ s family used to be a wedding gift and is passed down with a tradition of collecting useful tools. The rolling pin in the friend’s family used to be a wedding gift and is passed down with a tradition of pie making and biscuit rolling. 4．开放性题目，此题要求回答：除了锤子和擀面杖等手动工具，还有什么东西见证了你成长过程中的快乐或心碎？为什么？（约40字）答案不唯一，合理即可。例如：我的相机。这是我父母给我十岁生日的礼物。从那以后，它一直是我成长过程中每一个快乐时刻的忠实伴侣。从家庭度假到后院探险，它捕捉到了我所爱的人的微笑、令人惊叹的日落和我第一次骑自行车，保留了我最快乐的回忆的视觉日记。故答案为：My camera. It was a gift for my tenth birthday from my parents. Since then, it has been a faithful companion through every joyful moment as I grow up. From family vacations to backyard adventures, it captured smiles of my loved ones, the breathtaking sunsets, and my first bike ride, preserving a visual diary of my happiest memories. 主题01 人与社会——历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （23-24学年高二上·北京市东城区·期末） Kieran Behan was just a boy, maybe 6 years old, when he fell in love with gymnastics, but that was before a series of injuries, two so severe that doctors told him he would never walk again. Yet Behan, pushed on. “Doctors told me, ‘stop thinking about your crazy dreams and you must accept that it’s over for you,’” Behan said. “But I just kept saying: ‘No, no, no — this is not the rest of my life. This is not how it’s going to play out.’ And look at me now, an Olympian. They said it was impossible, but I did it.” Kieran Behan started gymnastics when he was 8. But soon came the first of many blows: during a leg operation, a doctor’s mistake caused a severe nerve damage that left Behan with limited feeling in his left foot. Doctors told him to prepare himself for life in a wheelchair. They were wrong. Although it took 15 months, Behan went back to gymnastics. But eight months after he returned from his leg injury, disaster hit again. He hit the back of his head during training. The accident caused a brain injury which affected his balance so much that even the slightest movement could cause Behan to faint. Mearly two years after non-stop physical therapy, Kieran Behan did what he did best: he picked himself up again. He said he could not live without gymnastics and never doubted he would be back. Finally, in 2012, his determination began to pay off. His excellent performance at the Olympic test event qualified him for the Games. “I felt like I was in a fairy tale,” he said of the London Games. “All I could think about was: ‘Is this a dream? Tell me this is really happening.’” Even though be did not enter any of the event finals, Behan never lost heart and persevered to make it for the 2016 Olympic Games at Rio de Janeiro. Behan hopes his tale might inspire others to overcome hardship, whether it is in sports, at work or at home. Still, he struggled to explain why he has been so unbeatable. “I think it’s probably just in my blood,” he said. “I was just born to do this.” 1．What happened during Behan’s leg operation? 2．In what way did Behan’s brain injury influence him? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Because of Behan’s determination, he won at the finals in the London Games. 4．Do you think Behan is a great athlete? Why or why not? (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．A doctor’s mistake caused a severe nerve damage that left Behan with limited feeling in his left foot. 2．His brain injury affected his balance so much that even the slightest movement could cause him to faint. 3．Because of Behan’s determination, he won at the finals in the London Games. He got the chance to take part in the London Games but he didn’t make it to the finals. He was qualified for the London Games, but he didn’t make it to the finals. 1．I think he is a great athlete. Because no matter what difficulties he encountered, he would pick himself up again. He ffought for his dream of being an athlete. He has been so unbeatable. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。Kieran Behan虽然遭遇了很多，但是无论遇到什么困难，他都勇敢克服，一直为自己成为一名运动员的梦想而战斗。 1．考查细节理解。根据第三段中“But soon came the first of many blows: during a leg operation, a doctor’s mistake caused a severe nerve damage that left Behan with limited feeling in his left foot.(但很快，他就遭受了诸多打击中的第一个打击：在一次腿部手术中，医生的失误造成了严重的神经损伤，导致贝汉的左脚感觉有限)”可知，在一次腿部手术中，医生的错误造成了严重的神经损伤，导致贝汉的左脚感觉有限。故填A doctor’s mistake caused a severe nerve damage that left Behan with limited feeling in his left foot. 2．考查细节理解。根据第五段中“The accident caused a brain injury which affected his balance so much that even the slightest movement could cause Behan to faint.(这次事故造成了脑损伤，严重影响了他的平衡能力，即使是最轻微的动作也可能导致贝汉晕倒)”可知，他的脑部受伤严重影响了他的平衡，哪怕是最轻微的动作都会让他晕倒。故填His brain injury affected his balance so much that even the slightest movement could cause him to faint. 3．考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中“Finally, in 2012, his determination began to pay off. His excellent performance at the Olympic test event qualified him for the Games. (终于，2012年，他的决心开始得到回报。他在奥运会测试赛中的出色表现使他获得了参加奥运会的资格)”和“Even though be did not enter any of the event finals, Behan never lost heart and persevered to make it for the 2016 Olympic Games at Rio de Janeiro.(尽管没有进入任何项目的决赛，贝汉从未灰心，坚持参加2016年里约热内卢奥运会)”可知，由于他的决心，他获得了参加伦敦奥运会的机会，但没有进入决赛。所以句中“he won at the finals in the London Games”是错误的，是因为他获得了参加伦敦奥运会的机会/参赛资格，但是他没有进入决赛。故填Because of Behan’s determination, he won at the finals in the London Games. He got the chance to take part in the London Games but he didn’t make it to the finals./He was qualified for the London Games, but he didn’t make it to the finals. 4．开放试题，言之有理即可。通读全文可知，Behan虽然遭遇了很多，但是无论遇到什么困难，他都勇敢克服，一直为自己成为一名运动员的梦想而战斗，他是如此不可战胜的。所以“我”认为他是一名伟大的运动员。故填I think he is a great athlete. Because no matter what difficulties he encountered, he would pick himself up again. He ffought for his dream of being an athlete. He has been so unbeatable. Passage 2 （23-24学年高二上·北京市朝阳区·期末） Group-Chat Culture Is Out of Control For better or worse, we might be in the Age of the Group Chat. In a recent survey, most people said they felt stressed out by group messages, which can feel like a part-time job. Connection is wonderful. Grexts, short for group texts, have the feature of imitating the casual back-and-forth of a dialogue, and the result can be more dynamic and fun than a two-person thread. Having a chat going also means you have a space to share your updates throughout the day, a reminder that you’re part of something. Some researchers call this “ambient(周围的) virtual presence”: Even when you’re alone, you’re not alone. One researcher compares this phenomenon to echolocation(回声定位), the process that some animals, such as bats and dolphins, use to locate objects: They produce a continuous sound and use the resulting echo to sense their surroundings. Humans might use technologies such as group chats in a similar way—as a call-and-response, taking in information about their social networks and locating themselves within those webs. But taking in too many signals can be overwhelming. Professor Bayer argued that group chats can create a “waterfall type of effect”, where messages keep flooding in and adding up. Eventually, you’re underwater. Another researcher suggested that different chat members all bring their own personalities, communication styles, and expectations for group norms. Without a standard etiquette (礼仪), people have varied opinions about what degree of responsiveness is required—which can cause real tension. Grext anxiety is hard to resolve because it isn’t just about the group-chat or even mobile technology in general; it’s about the tension between being our own person and being responsible to others. Ultimately, most of us do want connection, even if it involves some duties. 1．What is the feature of Grexts? 2．How might humans use group chats like echolocation? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ▶Without a standard etiquette, people have different ideas about what messages should be answered. 4．Please describe how another mobile technology affects your relationship with others. (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．Imitating the casual back-and-forth of a dialogue. 2．Humans might use group chats as a call-and-response, taking in information about their social networks and locating themselves within those webs. 3．▶Without a standard etiquette, people have different ideas about what messages should be answered. Without a standard etiquette, people have different ideas about what degree of responsiveness is required. 1．(1) The music apps on my smart phone have a positive influence on friendship. Thanks to the sharing functions, I have been able to get to know people who have the same taste of music and we can even listen to our favorite pieces at the same time. (2) Video games have become a challenge to my relationships with friends. Sometimes I have to reluctantly play with them as a team even when I am busy. In addition, the disagreement and complaints when we are playing the game also potentially harm friendship. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了群聊文化已经失控。 1．考查细节理解题。根据第二段“Grexts, short for group texts, have the feature of imitating the casual back-and-forth of a dialogue, and the result can be more dynamic and fun than a two-person thread.”（Grexts是群组文本的缩写，具有模仿随意的对话的特点，其结果可能比两个人的对话更有活力、更有趣）可知，Grexts的特点是具有模仿随意的对话。故填Imitating the casual back-and-forth of a dialogue. 2．考查细节理解题。根据第二段“Humans might use technologies such as group chats in a similar way—as a call-and-response, taking in information about their social networks and locating themselves within those webs.”（人类可能以类似的方式使用群聊等技术ーー作为一种呼叫和回应，获取有关其社交网络的信息，并将自己定位在这些网络中。）可知，人类可能会把群聊作为一种电话和回应，获取有关他们社交网络的信息，并在这些网络中定位自己。故填Humans might use group chats as a call-and-response, taking in information about their social networks and locating themselves within those webs. 3．考查细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Without a standard etiquette (礼仪), people have varied opinions about what degree of responsiveness is required—which can cause real tension.”（如果没有标准的礼仪，人们对需要多大程度的回应有不同的看法——这可能会导致真正的紧张。）可知，what messages should be answered错误，应改为如果没有标准的礼仪，人们对需要多大程度的回应有不同的看法——这可能会导致真正的紧张。故填Without a standard etiquette, people have different ideas about what degree of responsiveness is required. 4．考查开放性试题。请描述另一种移动技术如何影响你与他人的关系。故可回答为：我智能手机上的音乐应用程序对友谊有积极的影响。由于分享功能，我可以认识有相同音乐品味的人，我们甚至可以同时听我们最喜欢的作品。也可回答为：电子游戏已经成为我与朋友关系的挑战。有时即使我很忙，我也不得不不情愿地和他们一起玩。此外，我们在玩游戏时的分歧和抱怨也可能损害友谊。故填(1) The music apps on my smart phone have a positive influence on friendship. Thanks to the sharing functions, I have been able to get to know people who have the same taste of music and we can even listen to our favorite pieces at the same time.(2) Video games have become a challenge to my relationships with friends. Sometimes I have to reluctantly play with them as a team even when I am busy. In addition, the disagreement and complaints when we are playing the game also potentially harm friendship. Passage 3 （24-25学年高二上·北京市海淀区·期末） Mastering financial literacy — the ability to understand and effectively manage personal finances — is a critical skill that can shape your future success. Financial literacy isn’t something distant or abstract. It’s a set of practical skills that can be developed from an early age. As you start a new school year, it’s an ideal time to explore topics such as budgeting and the importance of responsible spending. You can turn everyday activities into learning opportunities to enhance your financial education. For example, grocery shopping can be a way to practice budgeting. You can help make a shopping list, estimate the prices of items, and discuss why it’s essential to stick to a budget. This not only helps you understand the value of money but also teaches you to compare prices and think about whether you really need to spend more on certain items. When purchasing school supplies or holiday gifts, take a moment to reflect on what you truly need versus what you simply want. Learning to differentiate between “needs” and “wants” will empower you to make smarter spending decisions in the future. Getting involved in family discussions about larger purchases can also help you build financial awareness. Asking questions like, “Do we have enough savings?” You will gain a better understanding of the importance of money management and develop clear financial goals. As you grow older, you’ll need tools to manage your money effectively. Banks offer various tools to support financial literacy at different stages of development. For younger individuals, debit cards with parental controls can provide real-life experience with spending and saving. As you progress into your high school years, you can transition to accounts that offer more independence while still allowing parents to maintain oversight. However, developing financial literacy doesn’t stop when you turn 18. Discussions should continue, focusing on more advanced topics such as credit building, debt management, and long-term financial planning. By starting early and engaging in these financial discussions, you will lay a solid foundation for your future and cultivate good financial habits that will last a lifetime. 1．What is financial literacy according to the passage? 2．Why can grocery shopping help practice budgeting? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. As you enter high school, you will have access to accounts that give you more independence without parental involvement. 4．If you get ¥500 as pocket money, what are you going to do with it to show your financial literacy? (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．It is the ability to understand and effectively manage personal finance. 2．Because it not only helps you understand the value of money, but also teaches you to compare prices and think about whether you really need to spend more on certain items. 3．As you enter high school, you will have access to accounts that give you more independence without parental involvement. Because according to the passage, as you enter high school, you will have access to accounts that give you more independence while still allowing parents to maintain oversight. 4．I’d like to spend about ¥200 on learning essentials. For example, I may buy some books that will improve my study. Then, I’ll donate a small portion to people in need, possibly through online charity platforms. At last, I will put the remaining money into a bank account. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了掌握金融知识（即理解并有效管理个人财务的能力）是塑造未来成功的关键技能，且这是一套可从小培养的实用技能。 1．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Mastering financial literacy — the ability to understand and effectively manage personal finances — is a critical skill that can shape your future success.(掌握金融知识——理解和有效管理个人理财的能力——是一项能够塑造你未来成功的关键技能)”可知，金融知识是一种理解和有效管理个人理财的能力。故答案是：It is the ability to understand and effectively manage personal finance. 2．考查细节理解。根据第二段中“For example, grocery shopping can be a way to practice budgeting. You can help make a shopping list, estimate the prices of items, and discuss why it’s essential to stick to a budget. This not only helps you understand the value of money but also teaches you to compare prices and think about whether you really need to spend more on certain items.(例如，在杂货店购物可以是练习预算的一种方式。你可以帮忙列一个购物清单，估算商品的价格，并讨论为什么坚持预算是必要的。这不仅能帮助你理解钱的价值，还能教会你比较价格，思考是否真的需要在某些东西上花更多的钱)”可知，购物可以帮助练习预算是因为它不仅能帮助你理解钱的价值，还能教会你比较价格，思考你是否真的需要在某些东西上花更多的钱。故答案是：Because it not only helps you understand the value of money, but also teaches you to compare prices and think about whether you really need to spend more on certain items. 3．考查细节理解。根据第五段中“For younger individuals, debit cards with parental controls can provide real-life experience with spending and saving. As you progress into your high school years, you can transition to accounts that offer more independence while still allowing parents to maintain oversight.(对于年轻人来说，由父母控制的借记卡可以提供真实的消费和储蓄体验。当你进入高中时，你可以过渡到提供更多独立性的账户，同时仍然允许父母保持监督)”可知，这句话错误的部分是“让你在没有父母干预的情况下更独立。”原因是当你进入高中时，你将有机会使用账户，这将给你更多的独立性，同时仍然允许父母保持监督。故答案是：As you enter high school, you will have access to accounts that give you more independence without parental involvement. Because according to the passage, as you enter high school, you will have access to accounts that give you more independence while still allowing parents to maintain oversight. 4．开放性试题。根据文章大意以及题干的意思可知，如果我得到500元作为零用钱，我打算花大约200元在学习必需品上。例如，我可以买一些书，将提高我的学习。然后，我将捐赠一小部分给有需要的人，可能通过在线慈善平台。最后，我会把剩下的钱存入银行账户。故答案是：I’d like to spend about ¥200 on learning essentials. For example, I may buy some books that will improve my study. Then, I’ll donate a small portion to people in need, possibly through online charity platforms. At last, I will put the remaining money into a bank account. 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·北京市东城区·期末） The growth mindset is a belief system that promotes the idea that abilities and intelligence can be developed with time, effort, and devotion. These are all aspects of yourself that can grow and improve over time. According to a research, the concept of a “growth mindset” is a shift from the traditional “fixed mindset.” Individuals with a fixed mindset believe their abilities are unchangeable. This can bring about self-created barriers and limit personal growth. In contrast, people with a growth mindset welcome challenges, and believe that their potential is unlimited. They understand that intelligence and skill can be developed. Developing a growth mindset is crucial because it builds toughness, promotes learning, and fuels success. It encourages you to view challenges as opportunities, improving adaptability and problem-solving skills. Having a growth mindset can transform the way you approach challenges and setbacks, leading to higher levels of achievement and satisfaction. An important step on developing a growth mindset is to welcome challenges into your life. See each challenge as a puzzle to solve, or a game to win. It’s about shifting from “I can’t do this” to “I can’t do this, yet.” Remember, growth mindset comes from stretching your abilities, stepping out of your comfort zone, and daring to do what you once thought impossible. The next step? Redefine failure. People with a growth mindset view failure as a learning experience — a stepping stone on their path to success. So, the next time you fail, analyze what went wrong, learn from it, and use that knowledge to do better next time. Even when progress seems S slow, your effort isn’t wasted; it’s building the strength you need to achieve your goals. Realizing the value of hard work s and celebrating these efforts will strengthen the belief that abilities can be expanded with time and commitment. 1．What is the growth mindset? 2．What is the disadvantage of “fixed mindset”? 3．What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 3? (About 10 words) 4．Speaking of language learning, how will you develop your growth mindset? (About 40 words) 【答案】1．It is a belief system that promotes the idea that abilities and intelligence can be developed with time, effort, and devotion. 2．It can bring about self-created barriers and limit personal growth. 3．The benefits that having a growth mindset brings./ The importance of having a growth mindset. 4．We should welcome challenges and believe that our potential is infinite. We should view challenges as opportunities and enhance our adaptability and problem-solving skills. We are not afraid of setbacks and failures, thus achieving higher levels of achievement and satisfaction. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了成长型思维的优势以及怎样培养成长型心态。 1．考查细节理解。根据第一段“The growth mindset is a belief system that promotes the idea that abilities and intelligence can be developed with time, effort, and devotion. These are all aspects of yourself that can grow and improve over time.(成长型思维是一种信仰体系，它提倡能力和智力可以通过时间、努力和投入来发展。随着时间的推移，这些都是你可以成长和提高的方面。)”可知，成长型思维是一种信仰体系，提倡能力和智力可以通过时间、努力和奉献来发展。故答案为It is a belief system that promotes the idea that abilities and intelligence can be developed with time, effort, and devotion. 2．考查细节理解。根据第二段“Individuals with a fixed mindset believe their abilities are unchangeable. This can bring about self-created barriers and limit personal growth. (拥有固定心态的人认为他们的能力是不可改变的。这会给自己制造障碍，限制个人成长。)”可知，“固定心态”会带来自我制造的障碍，限制个人的成长。故答案为It can bring about self-created barriers and limit personal growth. 3．考查主旨大意。根据第三段“Developing a growth mindset is crucial because it builds toughness, promotes learning, and fuels success. It encourages you to view challenges as opportunities, improving adaptability and problem-solving skills. Having a growth mindset can transform the way you approach challenges and setbacks, leading to higher levels of achievement and satisfaction.(培养成长型心态是至关重要的，因为它能培养韧性，促进学习，推动成功。它鼓励你将挑战视为机遇，提高你的适应能力和解决问题的能力。拥有成长的心态可以改变你面对挑战和挫折的方式，从而获得更高水平的成就和满足感。)”可知，本段主要讨论了拥有成长型心态带来的好处，即拥有成长型心态的重要性。故答案为The benefits that having a growth mindset brings./ The importance of having a growth mindset. 4．开放题目。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了成长型思维的优势以及怎样培养成长型心态。在语言学习上，我们应该欢迎挑战，并相信我们的潜力是无限的。我们应该把挑战视为机遇，提高我们的适应能力和解决问题的能力。我们不怕挫折和失败，从而取得更高水平的成就和满足感。故答案为We should welcome challenges and believe that our potential is infinite. We should view challenges as opportunities and enhance our adaptability and problem-solving skills. We are not afraid of setbacks and failures, thus achieving higher levels of achievement and satisfaction. 主题03 人与社会——科学与技术 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·北京市西城区·期末） Life felt like a mountain hike with designated stops — high school, college — where I could figure out my direction. I chose chemistry as my college major because it seemed to provide different career options. Learning organic chemistry reactions wasn’t frustrating or boring, but I did not “love” my subject. After finishing my undergraduate degree, I wanted financial independence. I looked for jobs but most needed a master’s degree. I got into a graduate program and chose it, though I didn’t plan to continue to a Ph.D． However, I began to question my belief that I was not suited for a Ph. D．when I started the laboratory research project. I spent a lot of time in the lab and never felt bored. Mastering my project required constant learning and discovering. I started to prefer experiments over classes. As my master’s was drawing to a close, my confusion peaked. With my scores, I was in a good position to be hired by government-funded companies — a great opportunity I didn’t want to waste. And everyone I talked to advised securing a stable job instead of pursuing a Ph. D．, so I continued on to the interview stage. Still, I couldn’t ignore my growing interest in research. One week before my scheduled interview with my top-choice company, I backed out. I was going to pursue a Ph. D． I’ve completed my doctorate and am now an independent academic researcher. I have worked with others who are far more enthusiastic and were always sure they wanted to be scientists. I wondered how I traveled so far without “love” for the subject. Over the years, though, I have realized that neither success nor failure makes me go overboard or slip into depression. There are ups and downs, but it just feels right every morning to go to the laboratory and do experiments to learn something new. Although I have started my career as a“reluctant” (不情愿的) chemist, I am now ready to proclaim my love for what I do. All the way I try to see the relevant problems and solve them for my own satisfaction. That makes me no less capable than my peers, and no less deserving of a space in science. 1．Why did the author choose chemistry as his college major? 2．When did the author begin to question his belief about not being suited for a Ph. D．? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ➢The author decided to pursue a Ph. D．because he failed in the job interview. 4．Do you think it’s necessary for people to love what they do? Why or why not? (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．Because it seemed to provide different career options. 2．When he started the laboratory research project. 3．The author decided to pursue a Ph. D. because he failed in the job interview. The author decided to study for a Ph.D., because he could not ignore his growing interest in research. 1．Yes, it is. Loving what they do can offer motivation and fulfillment, enabling them to better handle challenges and find joy in work. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的学术和职业发展历程。 1．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“I chose chemistry as my college major because it seemed to provide different career options.(我选择化学作为我的大学专业，因为它似乎提供了不同的职业选择。)”可知，作者选择化学作为大学专业，是因为它似乎提供了不同的职业选择。故填：Because it seemed to provide different career options. 2．考查细节理解。根据第三段中“However, I began to question my belief that I was not suited for a Ph.D. when I started the laboratory research project.(然而，我开始质疑自己不适合攻读博士学位的信念，当我开始实验室研究项目时。)”可知，当作者开始实验室研究项目时，开始质疑自己不适合攻读博士学位的信念，故填：When he started the laboratory research project. 3．考查细节理解。根据第四段中“Still, I couldn’t ignore my growing interest in research. One week before my scheduled interview with my top-choice company, I backed out. I was going to pursue a Ph.D.(尽管如此，我还是无法忽视自己对研究日益增长的兴趣。在我预定的首选公司面试前一周，我退出了。我本来打算攻读博士学位。)”可知，作者是因为无法忽视自己对研究日益增长的兴趣，所以决定读博，而非是因为面试失败，故填：The author decided to pursue a Ph. D. because he failed in the job interview. The author decided to study for a Ph.D. because he could not ignore his growing interest in research. 4．开放试题，言之有理即可。题干问的是：你认为人们有必要热爱自己所做的事情吗？为什么或为什么不呢？可以回答的是：是的，热爱他们所做的事情能带来动力和满足感，有助于他们更好应对挑战并从工作中找到乐趣，故填：Yes, it is. Loving what they do can offer motivation and fulfillment, enabling them to better handle challenges and find joy in work. Passage 2 （24-25学年高二上·北京市延庆区·期末） If you enjoy walking for exercise, there’s a simple way to meet your demand—change your walk into a ruck. And it’s an increasingly popular form of exercise. Rucking is walking with weight on your back. The term “rucking” comes from ruck marching, a core skill used by the military around the world. One of the tests the army normally gives to soldiers is a 12-mile ruck, which they must complete within three hours while carrying a weight of at least 35 pounds. The reason why rucking is growing in popularity is that it’s an easy and all-body exercise. One study in 2019 showed that 10 weeks of weighted walking improved physical performance. Since rucking is usually performed outdoors, there is no doubt that it’s also good for your mental health. Lots of studies suggest that the mental health benefits of being in a natural environment are huge. There are several tips for your rucking when you get started. First, don’t be too eager. As with any new exercise, you’ll need to begin slowly. Start with an empty backpack and walk a distance you’ve already done. When you start adding weight to your pack, try something low, like 10% of your body weight. Adding weight is going to put more stress on your ankles, knees, hips and back, so do it gradually. Another option is to start with a weighted vest instead of a backpack. This spreads the weight between your front and back. And of course, don’t forget your feet. Select a comfortable pair of shoes to prevent getting hurt. 1．What is rucking? 2．Why is rucking popular? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ➢ When you start adding weight to your pack, you can try any weight you like. 4．Besides what are mentioned in the text, what other benefits can rucking have on us? (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．Walking with weight on your back. 2．It’s an easy and all-body exercise. 3．When you start adding weight to your pack, you can try any weight you like. According to Paragraph 4, it says that when you start adding weight to your pack, you can try something low, like 10% of your body weight, not any weight you like. 1．Rucking can significantly improve heart health. Just like jogging, regular rucking makes the heart work harder and stronger. It also aids in stress relief. The fresh air and natural beauty during outdoor rucking help us relax and clear our minds. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“负重行走”这种日益流行的锻炼方式，解释了其定义、受欢迎的原因，并提供了一些对初学者的建议。 1．考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“Rucking is walking with weight on your back.(负重行走是在背上负重行走)”可知，负重行走就是在背上负重行走，故答案为Rucking is walking with weight on your back。 2．考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“The reason why rucking is growing in popularity is that it’s an easy and all-body exercise. One study in 2019 showed that 10 weeks of weighted walking improved physical performance. Since rucking is usually performed outdoors, there is no doubt that it’s also good for your mental health(负重行走越来越受欢迎的原因是它是一种简单且全身的锻炼。2019年的一项研究表明，10周的负重行走可以改善身体表现。由于负重行走通常在户外进行，毫无疑问，它对心理健康也有好处)”可知，负重行走之所以受欢迎，是因为它是一种简单且全身的锻炼，可以改善身体表现，对心理健康也有好处，故答案为Rucking is popular because it’s an easy and all-body exercise that improves physical performance and is good for mental health。 3．考查细节理解。根据文章倒数第二段“When you start adding weight to your pack, try something low, like 10% of your body weight. Adding weight is going to put more stress on your ankles, knees, hips and back, so do it gradually(当你开始给背包增加重量时，尝试一些低重量，比如你体重的10%。增加重量会对你的脚踝、膝盖、臀部和背部施加更多的压力，所以要逐渐增加)”可知，开始增加重量时，不能随意选择重量，应该从低重量开始，逐渐增加，以免受伤。因此，题干中的“you can try any weight you like(你可以尝试任何你喜欢的重量)”的表述是错误的，故答案为When you start adding weight to your pack, you can try any weight you like. Explanation: This statement is false because you should start with a low weight, such as 10% of your body weight, and add weight gradually to avoid injury。 4．考查开放性试题。根据文章第三段“The reason why rucking is growing in popularity is that it’s an easy and all-body exercise. One study in 2019 showed that 10 weeks of weighted walking improved physical performance. Since rucking is usually performed outdoors, there is no doubt that it’s also good for your mental health(负重行走越来越受欢迎的原因是它是一种简单且全身的锻炼。2019年的一项研究表明，10周的负重行走可以改善身体表现。由于负重行走通常在户外进行，毫无疑问，它对心理健康也有好处)”可知，负重行走之所以受欢迎，是因为它是一种简单且全身的锻炼，可以改善身体表现，对心理健康也有好处。根据常识，除了这些好处之外，负重行走还可以改善心血管健康，增加耐力，并为像跑步这样的高冲击运动提供一个低冲击的替代方案，故答案为Rucking can also improve cardiovascular health, increase endurance, and provide a low-impact alternative to high-impact exercises like running。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高二上·北京市平谷区·期末） Salary is often an important consideration when applying for and choosing a job. People often weigh their financial needs against jobs that might fulfill their passions in different industries. Learning about these two factors to consider when pursuing a career can help you decide if one might be more important for your professional and personal life. A significant benefit of a high-paying job is that you’ll likely have more money for things you want and need. Because employers may distribute compensation differently, you may have more or less money at certain times of the year. Still, a job that pays well can help you afford necessities like house and car payments, food and utility bills. Aside from paying for usual wants and needs, a job with a high salary can provide you with extra monetary security in case of emergencies. If you have extra income from a high-paying job, you can put it into a savings account that can help cover surprise expenses, like a move to a new home or a new baby. You might also get additional benefits, like a pension or retirement account, that can prepare you for a secure future. In contrast, choosing a job you’re passionate about can increase your productivity. This benefits both you and your employer, as you may be more likely to get more work done in a shorter amount of time and generate positive outcomes while doing something you enjoy. Increased productivity can help you get promotions and new knowledge opportunities that may promote your career growth. People who work jobs they love are likely to have a greater sense of contentment and fulfillment. Since people spend much of their lives at work, some may find it essential to feel satisfaction from the responsibilities of their role because it makes them feel good about what they do and how they affect others. This type of happiness can increase overall well-being and encourage a person to stay in their job for a long time. If you’re considering a job that pays well instead of the one you love, think about how much time you’ll have to enjoy the expendable income you might receive. If you want to choose a job for which you’re passionate, consider how much money you’ll have to do things in your free time. 1．What factors do people often consider when looking for a job? 2．How will increased productivity help you? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. People can experience happiness because they spend much of their lives at work. 4．Apart from the factors mentioned in the passage, what else will you take into consideration when looking for a job? Why? (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．Salary and passion. 2．It can help you get promotions and new knowledge opportunities that may promote your career growth. 3．People can experience happinessbecause they spend much of their lives at work. Because they find satisfaction and fulfillment from their work. 4．I will also consider the work location. A convenient location can save commuting time and improve work-life balance. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了人们在申请和选择工作时通常会考虑的两个主要因素：薪资和兴趣，并详细分析了这两者的利弊。 1．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Salary is often an important consideration when applying for and choosing a job. People often weigh their financial needs against jobs that might fulfill their passions in different industries. (在申请和选择工作时，薪水往往是一个重要的考虑因素。人们通常会在满足自己不同行业激情的工作与自己的经济需求之间进行权衡。)”可知，人们在找工作时经常考虑薪资和激情这两个因素。故答案为Salary and passion. 2．考查细节理解。根据第四段中“Increased productivity can help you get promotions and new knowledge opportunities that may promote your career growth. (提高生产力可以帮助你获得晋升和新知识的机会，这可能促进你的职业发展。)”可知，提高生产力可以获得晋升和新知识的机会，促进职业发展。故答案为It can help you get promotions and new knowledge opportunities that may promote your career growth. 3．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中People who work jobs they love are likely to have a greater sense of contentment and fulfillment. Since people spend much of their lives at work, some may find it essential to feel satisfaction from the responsibilities of their role because it makes them feel good about what they do and how they affect others. (做自己喜欢工作的人更有可能有更大的满足感和成就感。由于人们的大部分时间都花在工作上，一些人可能会觉得从工作的责任中获得满足感是至关重要的，因为这让他们对自己所做的事情以及自己对他人的影响感觉良好。)”可知，人们感到幸福并不是因为他们花了很多时间在工作上，而是因为他们从工作中找到了满足感和成就感。因此，“People can experience happiness because they spend much of their lives at work.”这句话中“because they spend much of their lives at work.”部分是错误的。故答案为People can experience happiness because they spend much of their lives at work. Because they find satisfaction and fulfillment from their work. 4．开放性试题。言之有理即可，注意词数限制。除了文章中提到的薪资和兴趣，人们在找工作时可能还会考虑工作地点、工作环境、公司规模、发展机会、公司文化等因素。例如：我还会考虑工作地点。一个方便的地点可以节省通勤时间，提高工作与生活的平衡。故答案为I will also consider the work location. A convenient location can save commuting time and improve work-life balance. Passage 4 （23-24学年高二上·北京市朝阳区·期末） Survey data show that American customers today are more than twice as likely to complain about a product or service as they were in 1976. People are grumbling (抱怨) more at work too. Nearly a third of employers in one UK-based survey witnessed an increase in employee complaints over a two-year period. Of course, you can always find something to complain about. But if you do so habitually, that is probably hurting you, making others feel down, and making you a less attractive person to be around. So you might want to resist the trend toward a culture of complaint. Sometimes, complaining is “instrumental,” designed to gain redress (补偿) for displeasure, such as poor service or annoying behaviour from a family member. Complaining can also be “chronic,” a state of dissatisfaction in which grumblers constantly think about their misery and refuse to be comforted. More typically, however, complaining is simply to let out displeasure or obtain sympathy. The problem with complaining is that even though it can feel therapeutic (有疗效的), it typically isn’t. Although complaining might offer temporary relief, it’s bad for your happiness in the long run. Scholars have shown that people who share negative emotions on social media experience lower levels of well being. Complaining can also lower the happiness of the people around you. Researchers showed that simply hearing another’s complaint lowers one’s mood. Even worse, in some relationships , the negative effect can pass like a virus to those exposed. Let’s assume, however, that your livelihood does not rely on spreading misery. Much more likely is that it will be in your interest, if you have a complaining habit, to break it. The people you care about will be happier too. 1．What is the purpose of “instrumental” complaining? 2．What are the negative effects of complaining? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ➤ “Chronic” complaining is a state of dissatisfaction in which grumblers constantly think about their misery and try to obtain sympathy. 4．Instead of complaining, how would you deal with dissatisfaction in life? (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．To gain redress for displeasure. 2．Complaining is bad for your happiness in the long run and lowers the happiness of the people around you as well. 3．➤ “Chronic” complaining is a state of dissatisfaction in which grumblers constantly think about their misery and try to obtain sympathy. “Chronic” complaining is a state of dissatisfaction in which grumblers constantly think about their misery and refuse to be comforted. 1．(1) Reading has always been my way of dealing with dissatisfaction, because while reading, I am exposed to an immense world where I can experience infinite possibilities of life. Also, the brand-new perspective I’ve gained from reading makes the cause of my dissatisfaction seem insignificant. (44) (2) I would deal with dissatisfaction in life by facing it head-on and actively seeking solutions. Instead of complaining, I would identify the root cause of my dissatisfaction and take effective measures. By doing so, I can turn dissatisfaction into motivation for personal growth and positive change. (46) 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲调查数据显示，现在抱怨现象越来越多，而文章建议读者减少抱怨，多点宽容。 1．细节理解题。由文章第三段“Sometimes, complaining is ‘instrumental’, designed to gain redress (补偿) for displeasure, such as poor service or annoying behaviour from a family member. (有时，抱怨是‘工具性的’，旨在获得对不满的补偿，例如糟糕的服务或家庭成员令人讨厌的行为)”可知，“工具性”抱怨的目的是为了获得不满的补偿。故填To gain redress for displeasure. 2．细节理解题。由文章第四段“Although complaining might offer temporary relief, it’s bad for your happiness in the long run. Scholars have shown that people who share negative emotions on social media experience lower levels of well being. Complaining can also lower the happiness of the people around you. (虽然抱怨可能会暂时缓解压力，但从长远来看，这对你的幸福感不利。学者们已经表明，在社交媒体上分享负面情绪的人的幸福感水平较低。抱怨也会降低你周围人的幸福感)”可知，从长远来看，抱怨不利于你的幸福，也会降低你周围人的幸福感。故填Complaining is bad for your happiness in the long run and lowers the happiness of the people around you as well. 3．细节理解题。由文章第三段“Complaining can also be ‘chronic’, a state of dissatisfaction in which grumblers constantly think about their misery and refuse to be comforted. (抱怨也可能是‘慢性’的，这是一种不满状态，抱怨者不断思考自己的痛苦，拒绝得到安慰)”可知，抱怨者是拒绝安慰的，而不是获取同情。故正确答案为 “Chronic” complaining is a state of dissatisfaction in which grumblers constantly think about their misery and refuse to be comforted. 4．开放性试题。言之有理即可。其中答案可以为“阅读一直是我处理不满的方式，因为在阅读的同时，我接触到了一个巨大的世界，在那里我可以体验到生活的无限可能性。此外，我从阅读中获得的全新视角使我不满的原因显得微不足道。”，也可以为“我会直面生活中的不满，积极寻求解决方案。与其抱怨，我会找出我不满的根源并采取有效措施。通过这样做，我可以将不满转化为个人成长和积极改变的动力。”故填Reading has always been my way of dealing with dissatisfaction, because while reading, I am exposed to an immense world where I can experience infinite possibilities of life. Also, the brand-new perspective I’ve gained from reading makes the cause of my dissatisfaction seem insignificant.或者I would deal with dissatisfaction in life by facing it head-on and actively seeking solutions. Instead of complaining, I would identify the root cause of my dissatisfaction and take effective measures. By doing so, I can turn dissatisfaction into motivation for personal growth and positive change. Passage 5 （23-24学年高二上·北京市西城区·期末） Alle Pierce knows how to plan a holiday. A few months ahead of time, she constructs a spreadsheet of what she wants to do and see. She examines the menus of restaurants she is planning to visit. She uses a picture of the destination as her phone’s locked screen image and downloads a countdown app. “What’s so exciting about a trip is the anticipation before it,” says Pierce, founder of a luxury travel company. Experts stay she is right. Recent studies suggest that hoping for something boosts your mood and lowers your stress. “Imagining good things ahead of us can increase motivation, optimism and patience,” says Simon Rego, a psychologist from New York. Of course we can’t just book a flight every time we need a little cheering up or feel low. But there are ways to incorporate the power of anticipation into your everyday life. Get excited about little things. Write down one thing you’re excited for tomorrow. Maybe it’s a new book, or a package you’re expecting. The collection of these mini thrills means you will still gain the benefits of looking forward to something. Plus, with the nearer stuff, there’s more of a sense that it’s going to happen for sure. Remember that anxiety and anticipation can coexist. “The dark side of positive anticipation is anticipatory anxiety. Anxiety and excitement are sister emotions,” says Christian Waugh, a psychology professor from North Carolina. But it is harmful only when you just focus on the anxiety part and ignore the excitement part. The key is acknowledging the happy, positive aspect of what you are doing, along with the nervous feelings. When you consider anxious things as exciting, it actually makes you feel better about them. Connect with your future self. Research has shown feeling as if you are on a path to your future self can have a positive effect on your well-being by getting you out of short-term thinking. Thinking ahead may help you prioritize your goal and move toward it. As you start seeing progress, you will look forward to doing the things that get you closer to your future self. In short, to enjoy life more, embrace anticipation. It’s worth waiting for. 1．What makes a trip exciting according to Alle Pierce? 2．How does hoping for something benefit us? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. According to the research, connecting with your future self can have a negative effect on your well-being. 4．Please give an example to show how you can incorporate the power of anticipation into your daily life. (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．The anticipation before a trip makes it exciting. 2．Hoping for something boosts our mood and lowers our stress. 3．According to the research, connecting with your future self can have anegative effect on your well-being. Because connecting with your future self can have a positive effect on your well-being. 1．At night, I write down one thing I’m excited for tomorrow, which may be a new book, or getting pastries, or a package I’m expecting. Because anticipating small and delightful experiences makes me as enjoyable as expecting one big event. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究表明对某事的希望能提升你的情绪，减轻你的压力，让你感觉更好、更积极。 1．考查细节理解。由第一段中““What’s so exciting about a trip is the anticipation before it,” says Pierce, founder of a luxury travel company. (Pierce是一家豪华旅游公司的创始人，他说：“旅行最令人兴奋的是之前的期待。”)”可知，Alle Pierce认为旅行前的期待使旅行变得令人兴奋。故答案为：The anticipation before a trip makes it exciting. 2．考查细节理解。由第二段中“Recent studies suggest that hoping for something boosts your mood and lowers your stress. (最近的研究表明，对某事的希望能提升你的情绪，减轻你的压力)”可知，对某事的希望能提升我们的情绪，减轻我们的压力。故答案为：Hoping for something boosts our mood and lowers our stress. 3．考查细节理解。由倒数第二段中“Connect with your future self. Research has shown feeling as if you are on a path to your future self can have a positive effect on your well-being by getting you out of short-term thinking. (与未来的自己建立联系。研究表明，感觉自己正走在通往未来自我的道路上，可以让你摆脱短期思维，从而对你的幸福感产生积极影响)”可知，根据这项研究，因为与未来的自己建立联系会对你的幸福感产生“积极”影响，所以“negative”是错误的。故答案为：According to the research, connecting with your future self can have a negative effect on your well-being. Because connecting with your future self can have a positive effect on your well-being. 4．考查开放答题。考生可结合自身实际，谈谈自身如何将期待的力量融入日常生活，例如：晚上，我写下明天我很兴奋的一件事，那可能是一本新书，或者是买糕点，或者是我期待的一个包裹。因为期待小而愉快的经历让我像期待一场大活动一样愉快。故答案为：At night, I write down one thing I’m excited for tomorrow, which may be a new book, or getting pastries, or a package I’m expecting. Because anticipating small and delightful experiences makes me as enjoyable as expecting one big event. Passage 6 （23-24学年高二上·北京市顺义区·期末） How can we gain benefits from feedback practices while reducing their disadvantages? There are some ways to help you. Feedback works best for the people whose main goal is self-improvement. It should be given in a developmental approach and future-focused, highlighting areas in which the recipient (接收者) can improve, and offering clear, actionable strategies. First, we should consider using terms besides “feedback”. Some studies have suggested replacing “feedback” with terms such as “advice”, which often contain more practical information. Offering feedback as advice encourages recipients to focus on improving their future performance. Next, focus on the advantages. Excellence in teaching is often influenced by our own feelings, with lots of effective approaches for any given topic. Research suggests we improve ourselves when others focus on our advantages. A key to effective feedback is highlighting existing patterns of excellence. Then, we must learn how to give feedback. Delivering feedback can be challenging, especially if the person receiving the feedback is the person who has the same social position as you or the information could be sensed as critical (批评的). To avoid such situations, reducing unpleasant messages may help. Receiving feedback, as well as giving it, is a skill. Therefore, helping teachers build skills around receiving practice-based information, feedback, or advice, such as listening with an open mind, thinking critically about the information, asking for specific advice and “making a thoughtful choice” about the quality and effectiveness of the feedback, can improve the whole process. Finally, focus on the “what” of feedback. While much attention is given to the “how” of feedback delivery, the real value lies in the “what” of feedback, that is the richness of its information. “High information” feedback should include two important points: checking the correctness of the teacher’s approach when there is only one correct method and offering information to fill gaps in understanding and guide the recipient towards a desired approach. We know that feedback is quite important for teachers’ professional development. After reading the information above, with established effective feedback methods, we can make the feedback process more effective and useful for more teachers in ways that finally improve students’ learning. 1．Whom does the feedback work best for? (不多于10个单词) 2．How can we encourage recipients to focus on improving their future performance? (不多于7个单词) 3．What is a key to effective feedback? (不多于7个单词) 4．How can we avoid challenging situations when giving feedback? (不多于6个单词) 5．What does this passage mainly talk about? (不多于8个单词) 【答案】1．People whose main goal is self-improvement. 2．By offering feedback as advice. 3．Highlighting existing patterns of excellence. 4．By reducing unpleasant messages. 5．Effective feedback practices and their benefits. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了做到有效反馈的方法及其带来的好处。 1．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Feedback works best for the people whose main goal is self-improvement.(反馈最适合那些以自我完善为主要目标的人。)”可知，反馈最适合那些以自我完善为主要目标的人。故答案为“People whose main goal is self-improvement.”。 2．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Offering feedback as advice encourages recipients to focus on improving their future performance.(以建议的形式提供反馈可以鼓励接受者专注于改善他们未来的表现。)”可知，可以通过提供反馈作为建议来鼓励受助人专注于提高他们未来的表现，故答案为“By offering feedback as advice.”。 3．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“A key to effective feedback is highlighting existing patterns of excellence.(有效反馈的关键是突出现有的优秀模式。)”可知，有效反馈的关键在于突出现有的优秀模式。故答案为“Highlighting existing patterns of excellence.”。 4．考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“Then, we must learn how to give feedback. Delivering feedback can be challenging, especially if the person receiving the feedback is the person who has the same social position as you or the information could be sensed as critical. To avoid such situations, reducing unpleasant messages may help.(然后，我们必须学会如何给予反馈。传递反馈是很有挑战性的，特别是如果接受反馈的人与你的社会地位相同，或者这些信息可能被认为是批评人的。为了避免这种情况，减少不愉快的信息可能会有所帮助。)”可知，在给予反馈时，我们可以通过减少不愉快的信息来避免挑战。故答案为“By reducing unpleasant messages.”。 5．考查主旨大意。通读全文，根据第一段中的“How can we gain benefits from feedback practices while reducing their disadvantages? There are some ways to help you.(我们如何从反馈实践中获益，同时减少其缺点？有一些方法可以帮助你。)”可知，文章主要讲述了做到有效反馈的方法及其带来的好处。故答案为“Effective feedback practices and their benefits.”。 Passage 7 （23-24学年高二上·北京市海淀区·期末） We’ve all seen the little kids—losing temper in the toy store, screaming in restaurants and generally making a scene in public. For their parents, giving in to a kid’s monstrous behavior helps to end the mess and gain some peace and quiet, and this is where overindulgence begins. According to Kathy Webb, a psychotherapist in Brunswick, overindulgence is the result of parents’ beliefs. A lot of overindulging parents believe their children should be happy all the time, which is the reason why the parents try to avoid conflict at all costs. They also hold that overindulgence equals love, but experts insist that being overly permissive and indulgent is not a healthy kind of love. Overindulgence can create a myriad of wrong attitudes and behaviors in children. When overindulged, children develop unrealistic expectations which do not serve them as they grow. Healthy parenting, Webb said, means giving children unconditional love, quality time, healthy discipline and respect for what is appropriate. “Healthy parents promote good values and use everyday life experiences to teach their children,” she said. Many parents don’t intentionally overindulge, but fail to follow through on consequences.  “Consequences help children develop their own self-guidance skills,” Webb said. “Without consequences, children never learn to discipline themselves.” But parents who have overindulged shouldn’t just throw up their hands and walk away from the situation, feeling like failures. There are steps that can be taken to turn family life around. “All is not lost,” Webb said. “You just have to take it step by step.” Identifying problems and what can be done to correct them are the first steps. This is where parents might want to invest in some counseling or parent coaching and refer to some parenting books. Such parents should also manage to regain proper parental power. In some families, overindulging parents are acting like peers, not parents. Consistency is also important—children often imitate the behavior they see from their parents. “Say what you mean and mean what you say,” Webb said. It seems that all it takes is one raised eyebrow and a very stern look to stop the misbehaviour. But Webb believes what really grounded her children is their inclusion in the family’s life, not just the fun stuff like vacations and outings. They should also be taught to clean house, cook, and do laundry. 1．What do overindulgent parents believe? 2．What is healthy parenting according to Webb? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. To relieve overindulgence, parents can take certain steps such as acting like kids’ peers and ensuring consistency. 4．Share one parenting method that benefits your growth and explain why.(In about 40 words) 【答案】1．They believe that their children should be happy all the time and overindulgence equals love. 2．Healthy parenting means giving children unconditional love, quality time, healthy discipline and respect for what is appropriate. 3．To relieve overindulgence, parents can take certain steps such asacting like kids’ peers and ensuring consistency. To relieve overindulgence, parents can take certain steps such as regaining proper parental power and ensuring consistency 4．My parents adopt positive reinforcement by praising me for completing a task or exhibiting good manners. Whenever I receive praise and recognition for positive behaviors, I feel valued and respected, leading to increased self-esteem and confidence./My parents give me unconditional love. They always try to create a loving and supporting atmosphere, where I feel emotionally secure and free of stress. Moreover, as such a parenting style allows me to forge close relationship with them, I have also enhanced the ability to build positive relationships with others. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了布伦瑞克的心理治疗师凯西·韦伯(Kathy Webb)说，过度放纵是父母信念的结果。许多过度溺爱的父母认为他们的孩子应该一直快乐，这就是为什么父母不惜一切代价避免冲突的原因。他们还认为，过度放纵等于爱，但专家坚持认为，过度纵容和放纵不是一种健康的爱。 1．考查细节理解。根据第二段中“A lot of overindulging parents believe their children should be happy all the time, which is the reason why the parents try to avoid conflict at all costs. They also hold that overindulgence equals love, but experts insist that being overly permissive and indulgent is not a healthy kind of love.”（许多过度溺爱的父母认为他们的孩子应该一直快乐，这就是为什么父母不惜一切代价避免冲突的原因。他们还认为，过度放纵等于爱，但专家坚持认为，过度纵容和放纵不是一种健康的爱。）可知，过度溺爱的父母相信他们认为他们的孩子应该一直快乐，过度放纵等于爱。故答案为They believe that their children should be happy all the time and overindulgence equals love. 2．考查细节理解。根据第三段中“Healthy parenting, Webb said, means giving children unconditional love, quality time, healthy discipline and respect for what is appropriate.”（韦布说，健康的养育方式意味着给予孩子无条件的爱、高质量的时间、健康的纪律和适当的尊重。）可知，韦伯认为健康的养育意味着给予孩子无条件的爱、优质的时间、健康的纪律和对适当事物的尊重。故答案为Healthy parenting means giving children unconditional love, quality time, healthy discipline and respect for what is appropriate. 3．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中“Such parents should also manage to regain proper parental power. In some families, overindulging parents are acting like peers, not parents. Consistency is also important—children often imitate the behavior they see from their parents.”（这样的父母也应该设法重新获得适当的父母权力。在一些家庭中，过度溺爱的父母表现得像同龄人，而不是父母。一致性也很重要——孩子们经常模仿他们从父母那里看到的行为。）可知，To relieve overindulgence, parents can take certain steps such as acting like kids’ peers and ensuring consistency.（为了减轻过度溺爱，父母可以采取一些措施，比如像孩子的同龄人一样行事，并确保孩子的言行一致。）这项陈述中，“比如像孩子的同龄人一样行事”这句话是错误的。正确的做法是：为了减轻过度溺爱，父母可以采取一些措施，比如重新获得适当的父母权力，并确保孩子的一致性。故答案为To relieve overindulgence, parents can take certain steps such as acting like kids’ peers and ensuring consistency. To relieve overindulgence, parents can take certain steps such as regaining proper parental power and ensuring consistency. 4．考查主观评价。根据文章大意以及题干的要求“分享一种对你的成长有益的育儿方法，并解释原因”，言之有理即可。参考答案：我的父母通过表扬我完成了一项任务或表现出良好的举止来采取积极的强化措施。每当我因为积极的行为$